Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vancouver [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia and British Columbia [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Vancouver British Columbia [Census metropolitan area]			British Columbia [Province]
	Data quality , Vancouver [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia  Map : Vancouver [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : British Columbia [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	2,463,431	...	...	4,648,055	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	2,313,328	...	...	4,400,057	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.5	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	1,027,613	...	...	2,063,417	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	960,894	...	...	1,881,969	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	854.6	...	...	5.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,882.68	...	...	922,503.01	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	2,463,430	1,202,175	1,261,255	4,648,055	2,278,245	2,369,815
0 to 14 years	362,110	186,780	175,335	691,390	355,400	335,985
0 to 4 years	116,270	60,045	56,225	220,625	113,355	107,275
5 to 9 years	122,735	63,390	59,345	236,900	122,070	114,830
10 to 14 years	123,110	63,340	59,765	233,860	119,975	113,885
15 to 64 years	1,714,005	838,860	875,145	3,107,680	1,527,280	1,580,400
15 to 19 years	142,285	73,185	69,100	258,980	133,000	125,985
20 to 24 years	167,270	85,385	81,885	287,560	147,615	139,945
25 to 29 years	179,940	89,305	90,640	303,000	151,585	151,415
30 to 34 years	182,625	89,925	92,700	313,750	155,035	158,715
35 to 39 years	167,955	81,090	86,860	293,590	143,070	150,520
40 to 44 years	168,375	79,440	88,930	295,045	141,930	153,115
45 to 49 years	184,285	87,850	96,440	322,365	155,325	167,040
50 to 54 years	191,370	93,230	98,140	354,375	172,065	182,310
55 to 59 years	177,095	85,590	91,505	354,925	171,210	183,715
60 to 64 years	152,805	73,865	78,940	324,095	156,450	167,645
65 years and over	387,315	176,530	210,780	848,985	395,560	453,425
65 to 69 years	131,035	62,615	68,425	287,520	139,490	148,035
70 to 74 years	89,675	42,495	47,180	201,785	97,675	104,110
75 to 79 years	66,505	30,600	35,905	145,225	68,715	76,510
80 to 84 years	48,825	21,965	26,860	105,255	48,645	56,610
85 years and over	51,280	18,860	32,415	109,190	41,035	68,155
85 to 89 years	31,475	12,745	18,735	67,510	27,930	39,575
90 to 94 years	14,870	4,905	9,965	31,815	10,615	21,205
95 to 99 years	4,190	1,050	3,140	8,545	2,215	6,330
100 years and over	740	160	580	1,325	275	1,050
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.7	15.5	13.9	14.9	15.6	14.2
15 to 64 years	69.6	69.8	69.4	66.9	67.0	66.7
65 years and over	15.7	14.7	16.7	18.3	17.4	19.1
85 years and over	2.1	1.6	2.6	2.3	1.8	2.9
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	42.3	41.5	43.1
Median age of the population	40.9	39.7	42.0	43.0	41.9	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	960,890	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Single-detached house	282,355	...	...	830,660	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	160,060	...	...	177,830	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	513,900	...	...	824,190	...	...
Semi-detached house	20,530	...	...	57,395	...	...
Row house	93,415	...	...	147,830	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	156,445	...	...	230,075	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	242,205	...	...	385,140	...	...
Other single-attached house	1,305	...	...	3,755	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	4,580	...	...	49,290	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	960,895	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1 person	275,455	...	...	541,910	...	...
2 persons	300,170	...	...	663,770	...	...
3 persons	153,085	...	...	277,690	...	...
4 persons	139,180	...	...	243,125	...	...
5 or more persons	93,000	...	...	155,470	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,426,235	...	...	4,560,240	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	2,101,320	1,015,395	1,085,925	3,956,665	1,922,840	2,033,825
Married or living common law	1,193,125	594,185	598,940	2,297,325	1,146,175	1,151,150
Married	1,033,885	513,730	520,155	1,925,345	959,690	965,645
Living common law	159,240	80,455	78,785	371,985	186,485	185,505
Not married and not living common law	908,195	421,215	486,980	1,659,335	776,660	882,675
Never married	629,040	334,130	294,905	1,076,085	582,975	493,110
Separated	50,130	20,265	29,860	105,700	45,225	60,475
Divorced	128,040	47,275	80,770	263,870	103,475	160,395
Widowed	100,985	19,540	81,445	213,685	44,990	168,700
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	679,365	...	...	1,311,340	...	...
2 persons	327,260	...	...	703,685	...	...
3 persons	158,785	...	...	275,965	...	...
4 persons	145,805	...	...	243,960	...	...
5 or more persons	47,515	...	...	87,730	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	679,365	...	...	1,311,345	...	...
Total couple families	574,670	...	...	1,113,405	...	...
Married couples	495,060	...	...	927,440	...	...
Common-law couples	79,605	...	...	185,960	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	104,695	...	...	197,940	...	...
Female parent	84,740	...	...	155,670	...	...
Male parent	19,950	...	...	42,265	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	574,670	...	...	1,113,400	...	...
Couples without children	260,290	...	...	577,790	...	...
Couples with children	314,380	...	...	535,610	...	...
1 child	129,480	...	...	221,065	...	...
2 children	139,080	...	...	230,705	...	...
3 or more children	45,815	...	...	83,840	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	104,695	...	...	197,940	...	...
1 child	66,970	...	...	125,890	...	...
2 children	29,305	...	...	54,900	...	...
3 or more children	8,420	...	...	17,145	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	462,125	214,710	247,420	882,895	418,495	464,405
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	960,890	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
One-census-family households	600,780	...	...	1,195,735	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	226,485	...	...	527,700	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	374,290	...	...	668,035	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	37,595	...	...	55,620	...	...
Non-census-family households	322,525	...	...	630,620	...	...
One-person households	275,455	...	...	541,915	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	47,070	...	...	88,705	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	2,440,145	1,191,670	1,248,470	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,015
English only	2,130,565	1,058,310	1,072,260	4,127,770	2,050,130	2,077,645
French only	1,110	530	580	1,810	820	985
English and French	172,140	76,645	95,500	314,925	140,650	174,275
Neither English nor French	136,320	56,185	80,135	153,910	63,795	90,115
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	2,440,145	1,191,670	1,248,470	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,020
English	2,265,310	1,116,840	1,148,475	4,373,330	2,156,680	2,216,655
French	25,705	12,830	12,880	55,325	27,680	27,640
English and French	14,465	6,635	7,830	18,000	8,315	9,685
Neither English nor French	134,655	55,370	79,285	151,760	62,720	89,040
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	32,940	16,145	16,795	64,325	31,840	32,480
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.3	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	2,440,140	1,191,670	1,248,470	4,598,415	2,255,400	2,343,015
Single responses	2,361,890	1,153,910	1,207,975	4,494,995	2,205,775	2,289,220
Official languages	1,341,635	678,675	662,965	3,227,535	1,614,375	1,613,160
English	1,316,635	666,170	650,465	3,170,110	1,585,760	1,584,355
French	25,000	12,505	12,500	57,425	28,615	28,810
Non-official languages	1,020,255	475,240	545,010	1,267,460	591,400	676,060
Aboriginal languages	855	390	470	8,435	3,940	4,490
Algonquian languages	315	135	180	1,050	445	605
Blackfoot	20	5	15	40	5	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	225	105	120	840	375	465
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	5	0	5	5	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Plains Cree	40	15	25	150	60	85
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	5	5	25	15	10
Woods Cree	20	10	10	60	25	35
Cree, n.o.s.	150	70	80	585	270	320
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	10	5	10
Malecite	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	5	10	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	70	25	45	155	55	105
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway	60	25	35	135	50	90
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	105	50	55	2,310	1,045	1,260
Northern Athabaskan languages	105	45	55	2,295	1,045	1,250
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	5	0	5	110	55	55
Beaver	0	0	0	160	75	85
Carrier	35	15	25	1,005	460	550
Chilcotin	25	15	10	650	295	355
Dene	20	10	10	90	35	50
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	15	5	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	0	0	0	0	5
Sekani	0	0	0	85	40	45
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	5	75	30	45
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	5	0	0
South Slavey	5	0	0	20	5	15
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	25	30
Tahltan languages	5	5	0	105	45	50
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tahltan	0	0	0	90	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	15	5	10
Haida	10	10	0	70	30	40
Inuit languages	25	5	15	80	30	55
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	0	5	10	0	10
Inuktitut	15	5	10	50	20	30
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	20	10	10
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	15	10	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	5	5	10	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	5	5	5	100	55	50
Michif	10	0	5	35	20	10
Salish languages	135	65	70	2,270	1,115	1,155
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	35	20	15	475	230	245
Lillooet	10	5	5	315	155	160
Okanagan	5	0	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	10	10	5	435	220	215
Squamish	20	5	15	35	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	15	10	10	330	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	250	130	120
Siouan languages	25	15	10	45	25	20
Dakota	25	5	10	30	15	20
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	5
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	5	5	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tsimshian languages	95	40	55	1,460	715	740
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	50	15	25	875	435	445
Nisga'a	25	15	10	385	195	190
Tsimshian	20	10	10	195	90	110
Wakashan languages	55	25	30	795	365	435
Haisla	10	5	5	90	40	55
Heiltsuk	20	5	15	100	45	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	320	140	180
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	5	5	275	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	10	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	75	35	35	190	80	110
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,019,395	474,850	544,545	1,259,025	587,455	671,570
Afro-Asiatic languages	20,725	11,005	9,715	24,870	13,405	11,465
Berber languages	95	60	40	115	75	45
Kabyle	35	20	10	40	30	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	60	35	25	80	45	30
Cushitic languages	1,355	675	680	1,505	765	740
Bilen	5	5	0	5	0	0
Oromo	170	95	75	205	115	95
Somali	1,170	570	600	1,270	640	640
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	20	10	15
Semitic languages	19,230	10,250	8,980	23,195	12,540	10,655
Amharic	1,140	560	580	1,370	670	700
Arabic	14,320	7,720	6,600	17,480	9,595	7,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	630	305	325	650	315	330
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	435	240	195	440	245	200
Harari	25	5	10	20	5	15
Hebrew	1,770	965	805	2,065	1,125	940
Maltese	80	40	40	215	100	115
Tigrigna	695	340	355	805	395	405
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	135	70	60	150	80	65
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	55	30	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	24,200	11,075	13,125	28,740	13,170	15,575
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,215	555	655	1,560	710	850
Vietnamese	22,950	10,505	12,450	27,150	12,440	14,710
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	35	20	15	30	15	15
Austronesian languages	82,025	33,570	48,460	96,535	38,765	57,770
Bikol	310	135	170	375	165	215
Cebuano	3,215	1,285	1,930	4,065	1,565	2,505
Fijian	390	195	200	470	240	230
Hiligaynon	1,280	485	795	1,470	550	920
Ilocano	4,605	1,820	2,790	5,240	2,055	3,190
Malagasy	15	5	5	20	10	15
Malay	3,480	1,545	1,930	3,895	1,675	2,220
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	635	290	345	700	320	380
Pangasinan	265	115	150	295	130	170
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	66,830	27,275	39,555	78,770	31,550	47,220
Waray-Waray	180	70	110	215	85	135
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	835	360	470	1,015	435	580
Creole languages	610	315	300	840	440	400
Haitian Creole	20	15	10	35	20	15
Creole, n.o.s.	365	180	190	500	255	245
Creole languages, n.i.e.	225	120	100	305	155	145
Dravidian languages	6,210	3,290	2,920	7,500	3,995	3,510
Kannada	225	115	110	280	150	135
Malayalam	1,750	905	840	2,385	1,260	1,130
Tamil	3,275	1,695	1,580	3,615	1,875	1,740
Telugu	920	550	370	1,175	695	480
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	45	20	25
Hmong-Mien languages	130	65	65	140	75	70
Indo-European languages	416,565	203,240	213,325	588,175	286,135	302,035
Albanian	1,090	560	525	1,465	765	705
Armenian	1,060	520	540	1,195	600	600
Balto-Slavic languages	57,625	26,950	30,675	83,110	38,595	44,515
Baltic languages	645	275	365	1,070	485	585
Latvian	315	145	175	565	255	300
Lithuanian	325	130	195	505	225	280
Slavic languages	56,975	26,675	30,300	82,040	38,110	43,930
Belarusan	65	35	30	95	45	50
Bosnian	1,155	580	575	1,360	675	685
Bulgarian	1,720	805	915	2,025	955	1,070
Croatian	5,460	2,650	2,815	7,475	3,655	3,820
Czech	3,565	1,705	1,865	5,920	2,850	3,070
Macedonian	250	120	130	325	160	165
Polish	12,040	5,650	6,390	16,910	7,875	9,035
Russian	18,170	8,270	9,905	25,955	11,640	14,310
Serbian	6,300	3,215	3,080	7,045	3,600	3,450
Serbo-Croatian	1,140	545	600	1,395	670	725
Slovak	2,390	1,060	1,335	3,400	1,525	1,870
Slovene (Slovenian)	540	250	295	1,160	545	615
Ukrainian	3,990	1,705	2,285	8,630	3,730	4,900
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	175	90	90	345	175	170
Celtic languages	315	170	140	615	325	290
Scottish Gaelic	125	65	60	240	130	110
Welsh	120	65	55	280	145	135
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	65	40	25	95	50	45
Germanic languages	37,825	18,005	19,825	101,725	48,350	53,380
Afrikaans	1,435	730	710	3,260	1,655	1,610
Danish	2,065	1,020	1,045	4,665	2,280	2,385
Dutch	7,455	3,600	3,855	21,020	10,130	10,895
Frisian	80	35	50	295	145	145
German	24,060	11,340	12,715	66,885	31,525	35,360
Icelandic	155	70	85	275	135	145
Norwegian	840	410	430	2,005	970	1,035
Swedish	1,290	570	720	2,520	1,100	1,420
Vlaams (Flemish)	200	105	90	445	220	225
Yiddish	220	110	110	290	150	140
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	65	45	25
Greek	4,885	2,515	2,370	6,115	3,245	2,870
Indo-Iranian languages	242,395	119,930	122,465	297,800	147,830	149,970
Indo-Aryan languages	198,075	97,680	100,395	251,000	124,260	126,740
Bengali	2,680	1,390	1,290	3,180	1,665	1,510
Gujarati	6,285	2,960	3,325	6,895	3,290	3,605
Hindi	24,220	11,580	12,640	26,720	12,910	13,810
Kashmiri	40	30	15	65	35	25
Konkani	225	110	110	255	130	125
Marathi	535	280	255	620	325	295
Nepali	920	485	435	1,155	620	540
Oriya (Odia)	65	35	30	70	35	35
Punjabi (Panjabi)	151,205	74,825	76,380	198,805	98,525	100,285
Sindhi	1,575	730	850	1,675	780	895
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,455	730	725	1,675	845	830
Urdu	8,880	4,535	4,340	9,885	5,090	4,795
Iranian languages	43,980	22,075	21,910	46,390	23,355	23,035
Kurdish	1,655	875	780	1,765	945	825
Pashto	1,065	565	500	1,155	615	535
Persian (Farsi)	41,265	20,635	20,630	43,470	21,795	21,675
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	340	175	165	410	220	195
Italic (Romance) languages	71,375	34,590	36,785	96,135	46,430	49,710
Catalan	120	65	55	160	85	75
Italian	15,445	7,735	7,710	22,680	11,445	11,230
Portuguese	11,950	5,655	6,295	17,450	8,240	9,210
Romanian	7,175	3,480	3,690	8,730	4,250	4,480
Spanish	36,625	17,615	19,005	47,010	22,335	24,675
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	60	35	25	105	65	40
Japanese	16,900	5,750	11,145	21,350	7,195	14,150
Kartvelian languages	65	35	25	85	50	35
Georgian	65	35	25	85	50	40
Korean	45,990	20,680	25,310	52,160	23,495	28,670
Mongolic languages	340	145	195	360	150	205
Mongolian	340	145	200	360	155	210
Niger-Congo languages	2,650	1,335	1,315	3,725	1,875	1,850
Akan (Twi)	400	220	180	495	275	220
Bamanankan	10	5	5	10	5	5
Edo	80	45	35	85	50	35
Ewe	60	30	25	85	45	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	10	5	45	25	20
Ga	35	15	20	45	20	25
Ganda	65	35	30	90	45	45
Igbo	160	95	65	245	145	105
Lingala	55	25	30	80	30	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	100	40	55	115	50	60
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	100	45	55	155	70	80
Shona	150	70	85	215	100	115
Swahili	580	285	295	805	400	405
Wolof	25	10	20	50	25	25
Yoruba	190	110	80	330	185	150
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	610	285	330	885	410	480
Nilo-Saharan languages	265	135	135	340	175	165
Dinka	75	50	30	105	60	45
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	185	85	100	240	115	125
Sign languages	620	330	295	1,155	610	545
American Sign Language	265	125	135	470	230	240
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	355	200	155	690	380	305
Sino-Tibetan languages	387,645	177,140	210,505	410,920	187,725	223,190
Chinese languages	385,355	175,990	209,365	408,415	186,455	221,960
Cantonese	184,370	85,070	99,295	193,530	89,325	104,210
Hakka	2,185	955	1,230	2,325	1,010	1,315
Mandarin	174,920	79,280	95,635	186,325	84,370	101,955
Min Dong	220	105	115	230	105	120
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10,655	4,755	5,900	11,210	4,995	6,215
Wu (Shanghainese)	4,330	1,905	2,430	4,540	1,995	2,545
Chinese, n.o.s.	8,485	3,840	4,645	10,050	4,570	5,480
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	195	80	115	205	85	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	2,285	1,145	1,140	2,500	1,265	1,230
Burmese	1,035	525	510	1,125	580	545
Karenic languages	765	370	400	815	395	425
Tibetan	260	135	125	330	175	160
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	220	110	105	230	120	110
Tai-Kadai languages	2,750	980	1,775	3,985	1,335	2,650
Lao	805	405	400	1,100	550	550
Thai	1,935	570	1,360	2,865	775	2,090
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	20	10	15
Turkic languages	3,700	2,035	1,665	4,140	2,295	1,845
Azerbaijani	500	275	225	530	290	235
Turkish	2,770	1,560	1,210	3,145	1,790	1,360
Uyghur	165	85	85	170	85	85
Uzbek	100	45	55	105	50	55
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	165	75	95	190	80	110
Uralic languages	7,640	3,535	4,110	13,490	6,285	7,205
Estonian	455	195	255	705	295	410
Finnish	1,900	770	1,130	3,760	1,555	2,200
Hungarian	5,285	2,570	2,715	9,025	4,435	4,590
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	370	195	170	500	280	225
Multiple responses	78,255	37,760	40,490	103,415	49,625	53,795
English and French	5,200	2,535	2,660	10,065	4,815	5,250
English and non-official language	69,885	33,750	36,135	89,135	42,820	46,315
French and non-official language	1,545	755	795	2,100	1,040	1,065
English, French and non-official language	1,620	725	900	2,115	950	1,165
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	2,440,140	1,191,675	1,248,470	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,015
Single responses	2,252,465	1,102,225	1,150,240	4,365,875	2,145,020	2,220,855
Official languages	1,631,365	811,500	819,865	3,648,500	1,807,825	1,840,675
English	1,622,740	807,235	815,500	3,631,700	1,799,625	1,832,075
French	8,625	4,265	4,365	16,795	8,195	8,605
Non-official languages	621,100	290,725	330,375	717,375	337,200	380,180
Aboriginal languages	105	45	55	1,565	765	795
Algonquian languages	25	10	15	105	50	55
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	5	10	85	40	45
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	15	10	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	5	0	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	15	5	10	60	30	30
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	0	10	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	5	5	15	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	10	610	290	320
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	5	10	605	290	315
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	40	20	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	110	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	260	125	130
Dene	10	5	5	15	5	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	5	0	0	10	5	5
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	5	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	15	5	5	275	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	50	20	30
Lillooet	5	5	0	25	15	15
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	5	5	0	50	30	20
Squamish	0	0	5	5	5	0
Straits	0	0	0	25	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Siouan languages	10	10	5	15	10	5
Dakota	10	10	5	10	10	5
Stoney	0	0	0	5	5	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	5	10	405	215	195
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	0	5	310	155	155
Nisga'a	5	0	5	70	45	25
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Wakashan languages	5	0	10	75	40	35
Haisla	5	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	5	0	5	5	5	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	5	30	15	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	15	5	10	45	15	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	621,000	290,680	330,320	715,815	336,435	379,380
Afro-Asiatic languages	11,900	5,965	5,935	13,990	7,065	6,920
Berber languages	35	20	20	45	25	20
Kabyle	15	5	10	20	10	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	25	15	10
Cushitic languages	695	315	380	770	355	415
Bilen	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	75	40	35	90	50	45
Somali	610	270	340	665	300	360
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	15	5	10
Semitic languages	11,160	5,630	5,535	13,155	6,680	6,475
Amharic	535	250	290	600	275	320
Arabic	8,675	4,405	4,275	10,415	5,335	5,080
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	400	200	200	405	195	210
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	300	165	140	310	165	145
Harari	10	5	5	10	5	5
Hebrew	785	400	380	900	465	440
Maltese	5	0	5	15	5	10
Tigrigna	350	160	190	410	190	225
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	85	45	45	95	45	50
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	15,000	6,955	8,045	17,870	8,305	9,560
Khmer (Cambodian)	620	290	325	800	375	420
Vietnamese	14,365	6,660	7,710	17,055	7,920	9,130
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	15	10	5
Austronesian languages	35,340	15,585	19,755	40,605	17,945	22,660
Bikol	65	30	35	75	30	35
Cebuano	1,090	485	600	1,305	585	715
Fijian	100	50	50	110	65	55
Hiligaynon	355	155	200	415	175	240
Ilocano	1,465	625	840	1,615	695	930
Malagasy	5	5	0	10	5	10
Malay	1,050	485	565	1,120	510	605
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	135	65	75	150	70	80
Pangasinan	55	25	30	55	25	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30,695	13,510	17,185	35,375	15,600	19,770
Waray-Waray	55	20	30	55	25	35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	260	125	130	310	150	160
Creole languages	290	130	160	335	150	180
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	205	85	120	235	105	130
Creole languages, n.i.e.	80	40	40	95	50	45
Dravidian languages	3,355	1,700	1,655	3,940	1,995	1,940
Kannada	95	40	55	110	55	60
Malayalam	885	450	435	1,225	615	605
Tamil	1,935	960	965	2,055	1,025	1,030
Telugu	425	235	190	535	295	240
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	15	5	10
Hmong-Mien languages	55	20	30	55	25	30
Indo-European languages	220,605	107,095	113,505	282,090	137,135	144,955
Albanian	525	255	270	695	335	360
Armenian	505	220	280	545	240	305
Balto-Slavic languages	25,645	12,295	13,355	31,640	15,150	16,490
Baltic languages	160	70	85	210	90	115
Latvian	65	30	35	80	30	50
Lithuanian	95	45	50	125	60	65
Slavic languages	25,490	12,225	13,265	31,430	15,060	16,370
Belarusan	10	0	10	15	5	5
Bosnian	540	270	275	595	300	300
Bulgarian	925	430	495	1,035	485	550
Croatian	1,795	845	950	2,235	1,055	1,180
Czech	1,030	520	510	1,595	800	795
Macedonian	125	60	65	150	75	75
Polish	4,490	2,130	2,355	5,690	2,720	2,970
Russian	10,795	5,120	5,675	13,310	6,290	7,020
Serbian	3,475	1,760	1,710	3,695	1,870	1,825
Serbo-Croatian	435	200	235	500	235	265
Slovak	780	375	405	1,000	480	520
Slovene (Slovenian)	60	30	35	145	65	85
Ukrainian	1,005	465	545	1,430	665	765
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	40	20	20
Celtic languages	35	20	15	70	40	30
Scottish Gaelic	10	5	0	35	20	10
Welsh	20	10	10	25	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	5	5	5
Germanic languages	4,660	2,200	2,460	14,430	6,870	7,555
Afrikaans	520	250	270	1,475	715	760
Danish	180	90	95	305	145	160
Dutch	690	325	365	1,895	890	1,005
Frisian	0	5	5	10	5	5
German	2,890	1,350	1,550	10,085	4,795	5,295
Icelandic	50	25	30	75	35	35
Norwegian	70	35	35	140	60	80
Swedish	220	105	115	360	170	195
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	15	5	50	30	20
Yiddish	10	5	0	10	10	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	15	5	5
Greek	1,730	835	890	2,010	975	1,035
Indo-Iranian languages	156,840	76,640	80,200	194,590	95,380	99,215
Indo-Aryan languages	127,625	62,475	65,150	164,185	80,610	83,575
Bengali	1,575	775	795	1,815	895	920
Gujarati	2,740	1,210	1,530	2,970	1,320	1,645
Hindi	11,230	5,310	5,920	12,310	5,890	6,425
Kashmiri	5	0	0	10	5	5
Konkani	35	20	15	40	25	25
Marathi	245	125	115	270	140	130
Nepali	550	290	265	665	345	320
Oriya (Odia)	35	15	15	35	20	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	104,855	51,630	53,220	139,080	68,565	70,515
Sindhi	595	255	340	615	270	345
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	595	290	310	675	330	340
Urdu	5,165	2,560	2,610	5,705	2,825	2,880
Iranian languages	29,035	14,075	14,960	30,205	14,665	15,540
Kurdish	1,020	515	505	1,080	540	535
Pashto	660	335	330	700	350	350
Persian (Farsi)	27,355	13,230	14,125	28,420	13,765	14,660
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	175	90	90	200	100	100
Italic (Romance) languages	30,665	14,635	16,030	38,110	18,145	19,970
Catalan	60	25	30	65	35	35
Italian	3,950	1,720	2,230	5,200	2,245	2,955
Portuguese	5,115	2,435	2,680	6,725	3,140	3,580
Romanian	3,220	1,545	1,670	3,800	1,830	1,970
Spanish	18,315	8,905	9,410	22,310	10,900	11,410
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	20	5	10
Japanese	8,235	3,375	4,855	9,860	4,070	5,790
Kartvelian languages	15	10	5	30	15	10
Georgian	15	10	10	30	15	15
Korean	34,225	15,720	18,505	38,605	17,785	20,820
Mongolic languages	160	80	85	170	80	90
Mongolian	160	75	85	165	80	85
Niger-Congo languages	730	325	405	960	430	530
Akan (Twi)	125	70	55	150	80	65
Bamanankan	5	0	0	5	5	5
Edo	15	10	5	15	10	10
Ewe	15	10	10	20	5	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	5	20	5	10
Ga	5	0	0	5	5	0
Ganda	10	5	0	10	5	5
Igbo	35	20	15	40	20	15
Lingala	35	15	20	35	15	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	55	20	35	55	20	40
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	45	20	30	60	25	35
Shona	40	20	25	65	25	40
Swahili	155	65	90	200	90	115
Wolof	5	0	5	20	10	10
Yoruba	40	20	20	60	30	35
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	155	65	85	200	85	120
Nilo-Saharan languages	105	45	60	140	60	75
Dinka	40	25	15	55	30	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	65	25	40	85	30	55
Sign languages	830	455	375	1,535	850	685
American Sign Language	300	150	150	455	230	225
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	530	310	220	1,080	615	460
Sino-Tibetan languages	285,515	130,990	154,525	299,420	137,555	161,865
Chinese languages	283,885	130,170	153,715	297,675	136,670	161,000
Cantonese	132,185	60,235	71,950	137,075	62,545	74,525
Hakka	670	280	390	700	295	410
Mandarin	138,680	64,055	74,625	146,435	67,695	78,740
Min Dong	65	30	35	65	25	35
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	4,640	2,105	2,540	4,820	2,185	2,630
Wu (Shanghainese)	2,495	1,150	1,350	2,595	1,195	1,400
Chinese, n.o.s.	5,045	2,270	2,775	5,885	2,680	3,205
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	100	45	55	105	45	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	1,625	820	810	1,745	885	865
Burmese	685	350	335	720	375	350
Karenic languages	690	335	350	725	355	370
Tibetan	165	90	75	205	110	90
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	85	45	45	90	45	45
Tai-Kadai languages	1,015	435	580	1,380	595	785
Lao	335	155	175	460	225	235
Thai	670	275	400	920	370	545
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	10	5	5
Turkic languages	1,550	810	740	1,695	880	815
Azerbaijani	185	100	90	195	105	95
Turkish	1,190	625	570	1,310	685	630
Uyghur	100	50	45	95	50	50
Uzbek	40	20	20	45	25	20
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	40	20	25
Uralic languages	1,980	930	1,050	3,005	1,415	1,590
Estonian	80	35	45	95	40	55
Finnish	435	190	245	725	325	400
Hungarian	1,470	710	760	2,185	1,050	1,130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	110	55	60	145	70	75
Multiple responses	187,675	89,450	98,230	232,540	110,375	122,165
English and French	3,475	1,700	1,775	6,155	2,970	3,185
English and non-official language	181,310	86,450	94,855	222,670	105,750	116,920
French and non-official language	495	225	275	650	290	360
English, French and non-official language	2,395	1,075	1,325	3,065	1,365	1,700
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	2,440,140	1,191,675	1,248,470	4,598,415	2,255,400	2,343,015
None	1,919,300	944,770	974,530	3,931,210	1,940,390	1,990,820
English	232,050	112,195	119,855	274,535	132,990	141,545
French	19,620	8,935	10,690	41,020	18,435	22,590
Non-official language	260,735	121,820	138,915	340,930	158,590	182,345
Aboriginal	795	370	425	7,985	3,765	4,215
Non-Aboriginal	259,935	121,455	138,485	332,945	154,820	178,125
English and French	960	435	530	1,195	545	650
English and non-official language	4,895	2,285	2,605	5,660	2,655	3,005
French and non-official language	2,495	1,190	1,305	3,765	1,745	2,020
English, French and non-official language	80	40	45	100	45	50
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	2,064,585	998,865	1,065,720	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,978,490	957,500	1,020,990	3,727,360	1,815,500	1,911,860
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,612	38,879	27,793	33,012	40,370	27,543
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,981,205	959,985	1,021,225	3,731,980	1,819,375	1,912,600
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,422	34,038	25,878	29,783	35,383	25,659
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,781,275	875,750	905,525	3,363,310	1,665,225	1,698,085
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,645	39,631	26,888	31,585	39,557	25,304
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,370,150	582,525	787,620	2,628,215	1,140,195	1,488,025
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,459	1,246	3,359	4,592	3,717	4,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,487,050	752,840	734,210	2,775,010	1,415,295	1,359,715
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,621	40,050	28,268	31,713	39,186	26,034
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	2,064,610	998,830	1,065,785	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,978,875	957,440	1,021,440	3,727,715	1,815,380	1,912,335
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,821	55,848	38,360	45,616	54,797	36,901
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,981,625	959,980	1,021,650	3,732,420	1,819,290	1,913,130
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,512	44,592	32,798	37,922	44,282	31,874
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,780,850	875,325	905,525	3,362,835	1,664,850	1,697,985
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,281	57,128	37,762	44,933	54,787	35,271
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,370,125	581,865	788,260	2,628,230	1,139,390	1,488,840
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,169	5,955	6,327	7,207	7,255	7,171
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,487,050	752,855	734,195	2,775,010	1,415,100	1,359,910
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,081	55,081	36,854	43,339	52,171	34,149
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	2,064,615	998,835	1,065,780	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	637,390	361,430	275,965	1,147,070	652,115	494,950
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	54,955	60,834	49,056	53,940	61,004	47,039
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	67,916	76,209	57,055	64,625	72,840	53,801
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.5	87.3	88.9	91.7	84.9
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	74.0	77.5	69.1	70.8	74.4	65.8
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.5	12.7	11.1	8.3	15.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	2,064,585	998,870	1,065,720	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460
Without total income	86,095	41,365	44,730	142,970	67,370	75,600
With total income	1,978,485	957,500	1,020,985	3,727,360	1,815,505	1,911,860
Percentage with total income	95.8	95.9	95.8	96.3	96.4	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	337,915	144,295	193,620	573,315	240,120	333,195
$10,000 to $19,999	345,800	143,885	201,920	653,915	262,225	391,685
$20,000 to $29,999	248,300	105,920	142,380	503,290	209,095	294,195
$30,000 to $39,999	211,515	94,950	116,565	424,330	188,860	235,470
$40,000 to $49,999	188,015	87,605	100,415	366,220	173,020	193,200
$50,000 to $59,999	149,455	74,740	74,720	286,310	148,095	138,215
$60,000 to $69,999	116,775	64,275	52,500	222,975	129,400	93,580
$70,000 to $79,999	89,555	51,265	38,295	171,625	103,795	67,830
$80,000 to $89,999	70,690	41,215	29,475	134,090	83,100	50,990
$90,000 to $99,999	50,825	30,925	19,900	96,825	62,825	34,005
$100,000 and over	169,635	118,425	51,210	294,475	214,980	79,500
$100,000 to $149,999	109,000	73,650	35,350	198,355	142,260	56,095
$150,000 and over	60,640	44,780	15,860	96,115	72,715	23,405
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,064,585	998,865	1,065,715	3,870,330	1,882,870	1,987,460
Without after-tax income	83,380	38,885	44,495	138,350	63,495	74,855
With after-tax income	1,981,205	959,985	1,021,220	3,731,980	1,819,375	1,912,605
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.8	96.4	96.6	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	350,380	152,060	198,315	597,310	253,480	343,835
$10,000 to $19,999	361,855	152,890	208,960	686,510	280,490	406,015
$20,000 to $29,999	293,475	127,930	165,550	593,490	252,075	341,415
$30,000 to $39,999	250,620	114,230	136,390	495,200	226,080	269,120
$40,000 to $49,999	209,335	101,560	107,770	402,535	200,565	201,965
$50,000 to $59,999	153,280	83,235	70,040	293,450	167,870	125,585
$60,000 to $69,999	109,410	62,815	46,595	210,085	128,000	82,080
$70,000 to $79,999	79,210	46,380	32,830	151,775	95,230	56,545
$80,000 and over	173,650	118,880	54,770	301,635	215,590	86,045
$80,000 to $89,999	50,810	32,310	18,500	94,700	64,330	30,370
$90,000 to $99,999	32,520	21,870	10,645	59,050	42,050	17,000
$100,000 and over	90,320	64,695	25,625	147,885	109,215	38,670
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	2,064,585	998,870	1,065,720	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460
Without employment income	577,535	246,030	331,505	1,095,320	467,570	627,745
With employment income	1,487,050	752,840	734,215	2,775,010	1,415,295	1,359,715
Percentage with employment income	72.0	75.4	68.9	71.7	75.2	68.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	209,270	93,700	115,565	441,080	204,275	236,810
$5,000 to $9,999	112,350	47,995	64,355	212,715	90,015	122,705
$10,000 to $19,999	199,780	88,460	111,320	371,875	160,350	211,525
$20,000 to $29,999	164,960	74,775	90,180	309,470	135,945	173,525
$30,000 to $39,999	153,815	70,955	82,855	282,045	126,870	155,180
$40,000 to $49,999	141,800	66,710	75,090	253,810	118,870	134,935
$50,000 to $59,999	113,915	59,035	54,880	203,885	107,605	96,280
$60,000 to $69,999	90,840	52,060	38,780	163,740	98,205	65,535
$70,000 to $79,999	71,740	42,295	29,445	132,340	82,120	50,220
$80,000 and over	228,585	156,845	71,740	404,040	291,050	112,990
$80,000 to $89,999	57,565	34,490	23,075	106,680	67,815	38,860
$90,000 to $99,999	40,995	26,105	14,890	76,470	51,990	24,480
$100,000 and over	130,025	96,250	33,775	220,890	171,245	49,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	960,895	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,662	...	...	69,995	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,365	...	...	61,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	275,455	...	...	541,915	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,164	...	...	35,701	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,804	...	...	31,899	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	685,440	...	...	1,340,055	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,067	...	...	88,466	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,158	...	...	77,108	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	960,895	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	96,423	...	...	90,354	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	79,421	...	...	75,209	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	275,485	...	...	541,925	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,950	...	...	46,696	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,250	...	...	39,091	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	685,410	...	...	1,340,045	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	115,102	...	...	108,010	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,764	...	...	89,816	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	960,895	...	...	1,881,965	...	...
Under $5,000	28,325	...	...	43,415	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15,380	...	...	27,140	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	28,770	...	...	55,745	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	38,310	...	...	77,565	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	36,160	...	...	78,695	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35,660	...	...	72,985	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	36,315	...	...	78,080	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	36,530	...	...	78,395	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	36,630	...	...	76,775	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	36,515	...	...	75,860	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	70,005	...	...	143,475	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	65,325	...	...	132,845	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	60,005	...	...	122,350	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	55,025	...	...	111,350	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	49,190	...	...	99,420	...	...
$100,000 and over	332,745	...	...	607,855	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	100,070	...	...	198,140	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	72,355	...	...	138,420	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	82,630	...	...	149,210	...	...
$200,000 and over	77,695	...	...	122,080	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	960,890	...	...	1,881,965	...	...
Under $5,000	30,260	...	...	46,350	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15,590	...	...	27,605	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	29,290	...	...	56,780	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	39,595	...	...	80,315	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	41,045	...	...	89,795	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	42,935	...	...	88,035	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	43,905	...	...	93,640	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	44,060	...	...	92,220	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	44,380	...	...	91,635	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	43,085	...	...	88,520	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	80,740	...	...	165,685	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	73,385	...	...	150,650	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	66,780	...	...	136,430	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	58,305	...	...	118,520	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	50,780	...	...	101,185	...	...
$100,000 and over	256,755	...	...	454,595	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	97,835	...	...	187,490	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	61,385	...	...	111,260	...	...
$150,000 and over	97,540	...	...	155,845	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	653,340	...	...	1,276,275	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,273	...	...	88,451	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,245	...	...	77,002	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	222,580	...	...	519,030	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,383	...	...	80,788	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,895	...	...	70,464	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	313,355	...	...	536,175	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,167	...	...	111,736	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,888	...	...	96,176	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	93,805	...	...	179,945	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,852	...	...	51,056	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,006	...	...	46,668	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	652,790	...	...	1,275,865	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	115,694	...	...	108,241	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,002	...	...	89,792	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	222,055	...	...	518,295	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	109,780	...	...	100,772	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,896	...	...	83,021	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	313,600	...	...	536,580	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	135,322	...	...	131,213	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,039	...	...	108,407	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	93,545	...	...	179,615	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,562	...	...	63,004	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,922	...	...	54,655	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	393,510	189,745	203,765	768,855	373,390	395,465
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,421	33,964	31,209	31,255	33,342	29,674
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,236	30,331	28,391	28,320	29,815	27,221
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	392,915	188,815	204,100	766,660	371,595	395,060
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	43,593	46,216	41,167	41,666	44,615	38,892
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	36,392	38,096	34,815	35,191	37,100	33,395
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,835	4,560,235	2,237,490	2,322,745
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,175,580	559,445	616,130	2,265,245	1,078,695	1,186,555
In the bottom decile	303,915	145,415	158,500	537,405	258,275	279,140
In the second decile	228,320	105,405	122,915	449,395	205,320	244,075
In the third decile	210,940	100,050	110,895	420,355	198,845	221,510
In the fourth decile	212,600	102,005	110,595	422,805	203,710	219,095
In the fifth decile	219,800	106,575	113,225	435,290	212,555	222,735
In the top half of the distribution	1,250,660	625,955	624,705	2,294,990	1,158,795	1,136,195
In the sixth decile	225,360	110,190	115,165	442,070	218,225	223,845
In the seventh decile	234,070	116,120	117,950	451,795	226,240	225,555
In the eighth decile	245,245	122,625	122,620	462,900	233,935	228,970
In the ninth decile	260,495	131,100	129,390	473,535	241,165	232,375
In the top decile	285,490	145,915	139,575	464,685	239,235	225,450
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	2,417,260	1,181,115	1,236,145	4,477,875	2,196,415	2,281,460
0 to 17 years	441,530	227,695	213,840	822,390	422,685	399,710
0 to 5 years	139,285	71,940	67,345	260,110	133,670	126,445
18 to 64 years	1,612,690	785,035	827,650	2,876,495	1,404,390	1,472,105
65 years and over	363,045	168,390	194,660	778,990	369,345	409,645
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	398,715	187,770	210,950	694,960	325,015	369,940
0 to 17 years	83,635	42,965	40,670	151,880	78,110	73,770
0 to 5 years	24,690	12,560	12,130	46,920	24,035	22,885
18 to 64 years	255,225	119,285	135,940	427,085	198,475	228,615
65 years and over	59,860	25,525	34,340	115,990	48,430	67,560
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.5	15.9	17.1	15.5	14.8	16.2
0 to 17 years (%)	18.9	18.9	19.0	18.5	18.5	18.5
0 to 5 years (%)	17.7	17.5	18.0	18.0	18.0	18.1
18 to 64 years (%)	15.8	15.2	16.4	14.8	14.1	15.5
65 years and over (%)	16.5	15.2	17.6	14.9	13.1	16.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	337,080	160,485	176,600	491,645	236,430	255,215
0 to 17 years	67,070	34,355	32,710	99,330	50,890	48,450
0 to 5 years	19,175	9,740	9,430	29,250	14,930	14,315
18 to 64 years	232,635	110,555	122,080	345,345	165,740	179,605
65 years and over	37,385	15,575	21,805	46,965	19,805	27,165
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	13.9	13.6	14.3	11.0	10.8	11.2
0 to 17 years (%)	15.2	15.1	15.3	12.1	12.0	12.1
0 to 5 years (%)	13.8	13.5	14.0	11.2	11.2	11.3
18 to 64 years (%)	14.4	14.1	14.8	12.0	11.8	12.2
65 years and over (%)	10.3	9.2	11.2	6.0	5.4	6.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,835	4,560,235	2,237,490	2,322,745
Official languages	2,290,565	1,129,240	1,161,325	4,407,125	2,173,840	2,233,285
English	2,289,520	1,128,740	1,160,780	4,405,380	2,173,040	2,232,340
French	172,260	76,605	95,655	314,225	140,085	174,140
Non-official languages	1,220,345	574,040	646,300	1,546,550	727,200	819,355
Aboriginal languages	1,605	675	935	17,190	8,115	9,075
Algonquian languages	485	200	290	1,950	905	1,045
Blackfoot	15	0	15	35	0	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	310	145	165	1,600	795	805
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	15	0	10
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Plains Cree	90	45	45	345	160	180
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	20	10	15	55	25	30
Woods Cree	15	0	10	80	45	40
Cree, n.o.s.	185	90	95	1,090	560	525
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	10	30	20	10
Malecite	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mi'kmaq	15	0	10	25	15	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	145	40	100	310	100	205
Algonquin	15	10	10	20	0	15
Ojibway	115	35	85	275	95	180
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	15	0	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	90	30	55	4,375	2,050	2,330
Northern Athabaskan languages	80	30	60	4,345	2,035	2,315
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	10	0	200	100	95
Beaver	0	0	0	255	130	130
Carrier	45	10	40	2,045	940	1,110
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,130	525	605
Dene	10	10	10	130	55	80
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	10	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	125	60	75
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Slavey	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	45	60
Tahltan languages	0	10	0	290	155	130
Kaska (Nahani)	0	10	0	35	20	15
Tahltan	10	0	0	250	135	120
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	30	15	10
Haida	60	35	25	455	195	255
Inuit languages	60	30	30	170	70	95
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	0	0	20	10	10
Inuktitut	45	15	25	120	50	70
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	35	15	25
Iroquoian languages	10	0	0	30	10	15
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	10	10	25	10	15
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	170	95	80
Michif	35	20	15	110	50	60
Salish languages	540	210	325	5,660	2,690	2,970
Comox	20	0	20	185	75	105
Halkomelem	155	60	95	1,045	470	570
Lillooet	20	10	10	790	405	385
Okanagan	30	15	20	805	360	445
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	10	0	10	1,280	630	650
Squamish	225	100	125	280	125	155
Straits	0	0	10	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	25	15	10	440	220	220
Salish languages, n.i.e.	60	15	45	540	280	260
Siouan languages	30	10	15	55	20	35
Dakota	15	10	10	30	15	15
Stoney	0	0	0	10	10	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	15	10	10
Tlingit	0	0	0	60	40	20
Tsimshian languages	185	80	105	2,685	1,330	1,350
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	55	15	35	1,275	635	645
Nisga'a	65	30	40	1,035	535	500
Tsimshian	60	35	30	405	180	230
Wakashan languages	100	45	55	1,460	670	795
Haisla	30	0	25	175	65	105
Heiltsuk	15	0	10	120	50	70
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	40	30	10	590	275	315
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	560	265	295
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	35	20	20	240	105	135
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,218,825	573,410	645,415	1,529,635	719,190	810,440
Afro-Asiatic languages	29,225	15,270	13,960	35,115	18,585	16,530
Berber languages	125	80	45	145	95	45
Kabyle	55	30	25	65	40	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	70	50	20	80	60	20
Cushitic languages	1,875	875	1,005	2,070	955	1,120
Bilen	15	0	15	20	10	15
Oromo	190	110	75	245	140	110
Somali	1,675	755	915	1,800	815	985
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	0	10
Semitic languages	27,480	14,465	13,015	33,110	17,660	15,460
Amharic	1,755	905	855	2,095	1,050	1,045
Arabic	19,995	10,675	9,315	24,230	13,180	11,050
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	715	345	375	760	370	390
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	545	270	275	570	285	285
Harari	55	35	20	55	35	20
Hebrew	4,585	2,365	2,225	5,450	2,805	2,645
Maltese	165	90	80	315	155	155
Tigrigna	935	510	425	1,055	560	495
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	290	150	135	300	160	140
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	95	45	50	170	85	85
Austro-Asiatic languages	30,390	14,495	15,895	35,915	17,130	18,785
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,440	620	815	1,875	850	1,020
Vietnamese	29,015	13,890	15,125	34,140	16,295	17,840
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	60	35	25	55	30	25
Austronesian languages	106,580	44,625	61,960	125,425	51,215	74,210
Bikol	490	205	290	530	215	310
Cebuano	4,185	1,630	2,555	5,365	2,000	3,370
Fijian	985	580	405	1,095	655	440
Hiligaynon	1,365	600	770	1,685	710	975
Ilocano	5,665	2,210	3,455	6,450	2,480	3,970
Malagasy	10	0	0	25	15	10
Malay	6,435	3,050	3,385	7,495	3,480	4,010
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	775	350	430	855	365	495
Pangasinan	440	180	265	480	205	275
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	96,290	39,665	56,620	113,265	45,455	67,805
Waray-Waray	275	120	155	320	130	195
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,170	580	595	1,515	740	775
Creole languages	1,820	970	845	2,485	1,320	1,165
Haitian Creole	60	20	35	135	55	75
Creole, n.o.s.	1,025	545	475	1,310	730	585
Creole languages, n.i.e.	755	420	335	1,055	540	515
Dravidian languages	8,880	4,710	4,165	10,390	5,485	4,905
Kannada	445	210	235	510	250	265
Malayalam	2,585	1,395	1,190	3,350	1,795	1,550
Tamil	4,855	2,530	2,325	5,445	2,830	2,610
Telugu	1,425	830	595	1,720	970	750
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	65	25	40	85	30	55
Hmong-Mien languages	155	75	75	165	85	80
Indo-European languages	536,810	262,060	274,750	764,815	371,760	393,060
Albanian	1,135	580	560	1,640	840	795
Armenian	1,460	730	735	1,680	845	835
Balto-Slavic languages	66,120	31,540	34,590	94,050	44,710	49,340
Baltic languages	635	310	320	1,030	515	520
Latvian	310	175	140	555	290	265
Lithuanian	325	140	190	475	220	250
Slavic languages	65,670	31,320	34,350	93,235	44,305	48,940
Belarusan	205	95	110	245	115	125
Bosnian	1,775	885	890	2,075	1,020	1,050
Bulgarian	1,970	875	1,095	2,430	1,105	1,325
Croatian	7,995	3,920	4,075	10,685	5,255	5,430
Czech	4,575	2,140	2,440	7,480	3,665	3,815
Macedonian	345	185	160	400	220	185
Polish	13,820	6,540	7,275	19,175	8,980	10,190
Russian	24,005	11,325	12,675	33,990	15,850	18,135
Serbian	8,010	4,110	3,905	9,110	4,625	4,485
Serbo-Croatian	1,245	595	645	1,525	770	750
Slovak	3,060	1,430	1,630	4,270	2,045	2,225
Slovene (Slovenian)	730	330	400	1,375	610	760
Ukrainian	5,960	2,605	3,355	10,740	4,835	5,905
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	250	125	120	420	215	205
Celtic languages	1,175	655	520	1,855	990	865
Scottish Gaelic	345	225	120	660	395	265
Welsh	145	60	80	345	145	195
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	690	370	320	860	450	410
Germanic languages	57,255	27,525	29,735	136,685	65,350	71,335
Afrikaans	4,230	2,160	2,070	7,670	3,875	3,800
Danish	2,460	1,150	1,305	5,510	2,490	3,020
Dutch	9,200	4,345	4,855	24,060	11,520	12,550
Frisian	120	55	65	465	230	240
German	38,665	18,845	19,825	95,005	45,840	49,165
Icelandic	215	115	100	405	210	195
Norwegian	1,405	725	675	2,845	1,425	1,415
Swedish	2,765	1,210	1,560	4,825	2,125	2,695
Vlaams (Flemish)	220	125	95	545	270	275
Yiddish	385	175	210	505	225	280
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	75	40	30	155	95	60
Greek	7,230	3,675	3,555	9,095	4,725	4,370
Indo-Iranian languages	297,060	147,625	149,435	363,205	181,340	181,865
Indo-Aryan languages	248,620	123,210	125,405	311,955	155,465	156,490
Bengali	3,140	1,610	1,530	3,670	1,885	1,785
Gujarati	10,685	5,025	5,650	11,500	5,455	6,050
Hindi	70,500	34,305	36,195	81,330	39,950	41,380
Kashmiri	45	25	15	60	30	25
Konkani	375	185	190	415	215	200
Marathi	1,275	650	625	1,475	780	695
Nepali	1,185	595	585	1,485	725	760
Oriya (Odia)	70	40	30	70	40	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	187,530	93,595	93,935	244,485	122,450	122,035
Sindhi	3,135	1,340	1,795	3,300	1,415	1,885
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	2,145	1,115	1,030	2,430	1,265	1,170
Urdu	14,610	7,635	6,975	16,750	8,840	7,915
Iranian languages	49,445	24,955	24,490	52,300	26,435	25,870
Kurdish	2,075	1,095	975	2,225	1,185	1,040
Pashto	1,540	860	680	1,660	940	725
Persian (Farsi)	47,155	23,770	23,385	49,835	25,135	24,690
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	750	380	375	935	490	450
Italic (Romance) languages	118,715	56,405	62,310	177,685	83,505	94,185
Catalan	245	125	120	395	210	180
Italian	25,610	12,450	13,160	37,475	18,075	19,400
Portuguese	15,675	7,450	8,225	23,260	11,060	12,200
Romanian	8,265	4,075	4,190	10,045	4,945	5,105
Spanish	75,105	35,250	39,855	115,115	53,215	61,900
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	215	130	85	380	245	140
Japanese	28,630	12,410	16,215	36,990	15,955	21,040
Kartvelian languages	90	45	40	115	55	60
Georgian	90	50	40	115	55	55
Korean	50,640	23,170	27,465	57,490	26,310	31,180
Mongolic languages	320	155	165	370	170	200
Mongolian	320	155	165	370	165	195
Niger-Congo languages	5,805	3,015	2,785	8,025	4,130	3,895
Akan (Twi)	495	280	215	630	350	280
Bamanankan	20	15	10	30	20	15
Edo	115	60	55	145	80	60
Ewe	110	75	35	135	90	45
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	45	10	35	105	30	70
Ga	95	60	30	150	95	50
Ganda	105	60	45	165	80	85
Igbo	240	140	95	425	240	185
Lingala	240	110	130	280	125	150
Rundi (Kirundi)	100	40	65	125	45	75
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	205	95	115	290	125	165
Shona	265	125	140	415	220	195
Swahili	2,655	1,440	1,220	3,365	1,785	1,575
Wolof	30	15	15	50	25	30
Yoruba	505	260	250	885	455	435
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,325	605	720	1,835	840	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages	305	155	150	405	210	200
Dinka	45	35	15	85	50	35
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	255	120	135	325	155	165
Sign languages	3,535	1,405	2,130	7,545	2,865	4,680
American Sign Language	2,035	690	1,345	3,860	1,280	2,575
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	1,565	735	830	3,780	1,615	2,160
Sino-Tibetan languages	431,540	199,110	232,430	457,595	211,220	246,375
Chinese languages	429,070	197,865	231,205	454,885	209,850	245,030
Cantonese	223,700	103,515	120,185	234,445	108,485	125,960
Hakka	2,550	1,215	1,340	2,715	1,290	1,430
Mandarin	250,175	112,935	137,235	265,635	119,995	145,640
Min Dong	125	55	70	130	55	75
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15,660	6,940	8,715	16,410	7,230	9,185
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,385	2,345	3,035	5,600	2,445	3,155
Chinese, n.o.s.	8,745	3,985	4,765	10,380	4,725	5,650
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	195	80	115	200	75	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	2,755	1,375	1,380	3,000	1,500	1,505
Burmese	1,390	685	700	1,490	730	755
Karenic languages	905	455	450	955	485	465
Tibetan	305	165	140	375	205	165
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	300	140	155	330	150	180
Tai-Kadai languages	3,810	1,535	2,270	5,635	2,190	3,450
Lao	1,125	505	615	1,630	735	890
Thai	2,870	1,105	1,765	4,275	1,535	2,740
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	10	0
Turkic languages	5,955	3,225	2,725	6,785	3,685	3,095
Azerbaijani	835	450	380	945	510	435
Turkish	4,875	2,635	2,245	5,585	3,025	2,555
Uyghur	110	50	60	115	60	55
Uzbek	170	95	75	170	95	75
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	225	120	105	275	140	130
Uralic languages	9,045	4,200	4,840	15,280	7,095	8,185
Estonian	500	205	295	780	350	425
Finnish	2,090	825	1,260	4,030	1,640	2,385
Hungarian	6,480	3,175	3,310	10,495	5,100	5,395
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	700	385	315	1,045	575	470
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,835	4,560,235	2,237,485	2,322,750
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	2,103,115	1,032,695	1,070,420	4,138,300	2,038,285	2,100,015
Canadian citizens aged under 18	403,685	208,715	194,970	790,485	406,970	383,510
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,699,430	823,985	875,450	3,347,820	1,631,310	1,716,505
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	323,120	152,705	170,415	421,935	199,205	222,735
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,835	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	1,358,990	686,180	672,805	3,167,155	1,584,305	1,582,855
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	989,540	461,660	527,885	1,292,675	603,800	688,875
Before 1981	209,975	100,680	109,295	356,155	171,330	184,825
1981 to 1990	120,730	56,305	64,425	152,220	70,475	81,750
1991 to 2000	247,835	114,340	133,490	287,505	132,190	155,315
2001 to 2010	268,470	123,240	145,230	321,240	147,250	173,985
2001 to 2005	124,890	57,190	67,695	147,735	67,425	80,305
2006 to 2010	143,580	66,050	77,535	173,505	79,825	93,680
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	142,535	67,090	75,440	175,555	82,555	92,995
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	77,700	37,560	40,140	100,405	49,385	51,020
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	989,540	461,660	527,885	1,292,670	603,800	688,875
Under 5 years	78,020	39,580	38,445	112,665	56,495	56,175
5 to 14 years	158,290	81,570	76,720	212,710	108,975	103,730
15 to 24 years	204,755	93,100	111,650	279,495	126,690	152,805
25 to 44 years	424,180	189,745	234,440	537,500	242,185	295,310
45 years and over	124,300	57,665	66,630	150,305	69,455	80,845
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	989,545	461,660	527,880	1,292,675	603,800	688,875
Americas	65,325	30,720	34,605	110,850	50,515	60,330
Brazil	2,855	1,175	1,685	3,800	1,545	2,260
Colombia	3,075	1,400	1,675	3,915	1,720	2,195
El Salvador	4,405	2,235	2,170	5,425	2,710	2,715
Guyana	920	420	500	1,305	600	710
Haiti	260	110	155	570	250	315
Jamaica	2,230	1,160	1,070	3,505	1,770	1,735
Mexico	7,855	3,420	4,435	10,375	4,425	5,945
Peru	2,700	1,160	1,540	3,265	1,330	1,930
Trinidad and Tobago	1,935	895	1,045	2,620	1,205	1,415
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	26,445	12,755	13,695	57,780	26,425	31,355
Other places of birth in Americas	12,645	5,995	6,645	18,295	8,530	9,765
Europe	170,930	83,890	87,040	319,885	156,975	162,915
Bosnia and Herzegovina	3,925	1,905	2,025	4,570	2,230	2,345
Croatia	4,115	2,075	2,035	5,780	2,945	2,830
France	3,440	1,800	1,640	5,700	2,895	2,805
Germany	13,520	6,480	7,040	35,045	16,835	18,210
Greece	2,885	1,520	1,370	3,630	1,965	1,670
Hungary	3,700	1,895	1,810	6,175	3,145	3,030
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	3,835	2,100	1,735	5,890	3,090	2,795
Italy	10,395	5,350	5,045	15,405	8,050	7,355
Netherlands	6,300	3,130	3,170	18,225	9,365	8,855
Poland	10,480	4,885	5,590	15,115	6,965	8,145
Portugal	4,660	2,315	2,345	8,215	4,125	4,090
Romania	7,110	3,445	3,665	8,995	4,400	4,595
Russian Federation	8,460	3,655	4,810	10,920	4,700	6,215
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	3,775	1,890	1,885	4,480	2,225	2,260
Ukraine	5,480	2,590	2,885	7,500	3,520	3,980
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	56,530	28,245	28,280	123,810	60,975	62,835
Other places of birth in Europe	22,320	10,615	11,705	40,425	19,545	20,880
Africa	32,100	16,260	15,840	42,805	21,500	21,310
Algeria	425	275	150	485	310	175
Egypt	2,110	1,130	980	2,705	1,480	1,225
Ethiopia	1,665	835	825	2,070	1,015	1,060
Kenya	4,065	1,875	2,190	4,705	2,175	2,535
Morocco	730	385	345	985	535	455
Nigeria	1,205	630	570	1,740	925	815
Somalia	1,010	485	525	1,080	515	570
South Africa, Republic of	8,205	4,265	3,935	13,375	6,700	6,675
Other places of birth in Africa	12,690	6,365	6,325	15,645	7,840	7,800
Asia	697,305	319,470	377,835	788,055	359,835	428,220
Afghanistan	4,860	2,445	2,420	5,040	2,550	2,490
Bangladesh	1,870	945	925	2,125	1,080	1,040
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	188,965	84,380	104,580	199,990	89,145	110,845
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	71,720	32,950	38,770	74,210	34,120	40,090
India	125,640	61,245	64,395	162,650	79,395	83,245
IranCensus data footnote 61	35,250	17,905	17,345	37,160	18,890	18,270
Iraq	5,215	2,660	2,555	5,550	2,855	2,690
Japan	10,675	3,140	7,535	13,365	3,840	9,520
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	36,860	16,745	20,120	41,515	18,870	22,645
Lebanon	1,860	1,040	820	2,235	1,290	950
Pakistan	9,220	4,725	4,500	10,665	5,470	5,190
Philippines	96,685	40,635	56,040	112,100	45,890	66,210
Sri Lanka	4,160	2,160	1,995	4,585	2,360	2,230
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	2,310	1,170	1,140	2,845	1,450	1,400
Taiwan	37,425	16,850	20,575	38,900	17,450	21,450
Viet Nam	24,025	11,235	12,790	27,875	12,970	14,905
Other places of birth in Asia	40,560	19,240	21,325	47,255	22,215	25,045
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	23,885	11,325	12,560	31,075	14,975	16,100
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	142,530	67,090	75,440	175,555	82,555	92,995
Americas	10,095	5,115	4,980	14,550	7,160	7,385
Brazil	960	440	520	1,145	525	615
Colombia	460	220	245	580	250	325
Cuba	65	35	35	140	60	80
Haiti	15	0	10	35	35	10
Jamaica	155	115	45	625	355	265
Mexico	2,295	1,160	1,130	2,885	1,420	1,460
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	4,065	2,155	1,905	6,485	3,290	3,190
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	220	100	115	270	115	155
Other places of birth in Americas	1,855	880	970	2,380	1,105	1,275
Europe	13,610	7,015	6,595	19,735	10,260	9,475
France	785	420	370	970	510	460
Germany	770	450	325	1,450	775	675
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,210	760	450	1,430	900	530
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	200	110	90	245	120	125
Romania	545	240	305	690	310	380
Russian Federation	1,405	500	910	1,735	620	1,110
Ukraine	945	375	565	1,230	495	735
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,855	2,230	1,620	6,540	3,840	2,695
Other places of birth in Europe	3,895	1,935	1,960	5,455	2,685	2,765
Africa	4,355	2,280	2,075	6,200	3,150	3,050
Algeria	55	40	20	65	40	20
Cameroon	55	20	35	65	25	35
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	115	70	45	150	80	75
Côte d'Ivoire	10	10	10	20	10	10
Egypt	510	280	235	625	340	290
Eritrea	300	165	130	320	175	145
Ethiopia	255	140	115	305	170	140
Morocco	115	60	60	205	115	95
Nigeria	375	185	190	645	325	315
Somalia	350	140	205	355	145	215
South Africa, Republic of	850	475	375	1,625	815	810
Tunisia	70	30	40	80	30	45
Other places of birth in Africa	1,300	685	615	1,745	890	860
Asia	112,400	51,560	60,840	131,880	60,140	71,735
Afghanistan	855	450	405	870	455	415
Bangladesh	385	180	205	470	230	245
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	35,895	16,005	19,880	38,105	16,965	21,140
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,695	710	985	1,800	770	1,030
India	21,380	10,695	10,685	27,460	13,780	13,680
IranCensus data footnote 61	8,315	4,160	4,155	8,645	4,315	4,330
Iraq	1,850	910	945	1,910	940	965
Israel	300	170	125	365	205	160
Japan	1,845	465	1,380	2,285	570	1,715
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	6,640	2,860	3,775	8,025	3,430	4,595
Lebanon	210	110	100	265	155	110
Nepal	215	90	125	310	115	195
Pakistan	1,670	840	830	1,965	990	975
Philippines	20,205	9,060	11,145	26,680	11,615	15,065
Saudi Arabia	335	145	185	400	180	215
Sri Lanka	460	230	230	535	265	265
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,785	900	885	2,185	1,095	1,085
Taiwan	2,325	905	1,420	2,505	970	1,530
Turkey	365	205	160	395	220	170
United Arab Emirates	340	175	165	385	195	195
Viet Nam	1,510	600	910	1,780	685	1,090
Other places of birth in Asia	3,840	1,695	2,145	4,545	1,980	2,560
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	2,075	1,120	955	3,185	1,845	1,340
Australia	1,140	610	525	1,920	1,130	790
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	935	510	425	1,265	715	550
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,835	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
First generationCensus data footnote 69	1,085,610	508,765	576,850	1,426,450	670,440	756,010
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	607,590	307,925	299,665	1,043,860	523,340	520,520
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	733,040	368,715	364,325	2,089,925	1,043,705	1,046,225
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	794,150	368,155	425,995	955,955	442,040	513,915
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	461,950	221,655	240,300	537,875	258,560	279,315
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	176,955	104,335	72,620	209,685	123,645	86,040
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	285,000	117,320	167,685	328,185	134,915	193,275
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	249,920	103,575	146,345	323,440	133,775	189,670
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	71,115	37,970	33,145	82,360	44,250	38,110
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	11,165	4,955	6,205	12,285	5,455	6,825
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	61,455	29,075	32,380	270,585	130,265	140,320
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	59,595	28,195	31,400	263,540	127,115	136,425
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	35,765	16,870	18,900	172,520	83,645	88,880
Métis	23,425	11,145	12,280	89,405	42,715	46,690
Inuk (Inuit)	405	180	220	1,610	760	855
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,070	505	565	4,350	2,090	2,260
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	790	375	420	2,695	1,060	1,635
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,364,780	1,156,325	1,208,450	4,289,655	2,107,225	2,182,430
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830	4,560,240	2,237,485	2,322,750
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	24,115	11,160	12,950	135,835	65,560	70,280
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,402,120	1,174,240	1,227,880	4,424,400	2,171,930	2,252,470
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	13,615	6,540	7,075	91,710	45,690	46,020
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	13,305	6,385	6,925	90,390	45,100	45,295
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	10,895	5,120	5,770	79,875	39,685	40,190
Métis single ancestry	2,265	1,190	1,080	10,080	5,215	4,865
Inuit single ancestry	145	75	75	430	200	235
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	310	155	150	1,325	595	725
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	290	145	145	1,175	535	635
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	15	10	10	100	50	50
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	10	45	10	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	61,085	29,110	31,975	211,100	100,835	110,260
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	58,700	28,025	30,675	201,895	96,650	105,245
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	38,755	18,495	20,260	130,020	62,170	67,850
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	19,595	9,365	10,230	70,180	33,595	36,585
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	355	170	180	1,700	890	815
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	2,385	1,085	1,305	9,200	4,185	5,015
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,305	1,065	1,240	8,865	4,050	4,810
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	25	165	75	90
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	20	125	35	90
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	20	45	20	20
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	2,351,530	1,149,750	1,201,785	4,257,430	2,090,960	2,166,465
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	2,426,235	1,185,405	1,240,835	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	1,185,680	565,020	620,660	1,381,235	658,260	722,975
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	291,005	145,545	145,460	365,705	183,650	182,055
Chinese	474,655	221,985	252,670	508,480	237,805	270,670
Black	29,830	15,465	14,370	43,500	22,455	21,045
Filipino	123,170	54,260	68,910	145,025	62,505	82,520
Latin American	34,805	16,490	18,315	44,115	20,600	23,515
Arab	16,430	8,805	7,635	19,840	10,865	8,980
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	44,905	21,400	23,505	54,920	25,975	28,950
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	46,010	23,455	22,555	48,695	24,880	23,810
Korean	52,980	24,465	28,515	60,495	27,915	32,580
Japanese	30,110	12,580	17,535	41,230	17,435	23,800
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	6,490	3,165	3,330	8,760	4,280	4,485
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	35,290	17,420	17,870	40,465	19,900	20,565
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	1,240,555	620,380	620,170	3,179,005	1,579,230	1,599,775
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
North American Aboriginal origins	74,700	35,655	39,050	302,810	146,530	156,280
First Nations (North American Indian)	52,305	24,845	27,460	220,245	106,595	113,650
Inuit	600	275	330	2,615	1,280	1,340
Métis	24,505	11,775	12,730	90,515	43,460	47,050
Other North American origins	353,945	177,115	176,830	922,690	460,355	462,335
Acadian	1,520	775	745	3,940	1,960	1,980
American	32,115	15,550	16,565	78,170	37,765	40,405
Canadian	331,205	166,010	165,200	866,530	432,975	433,560
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	60	45	15
Newfoundlander	660	370	290	1,875	995	880
Nova Scotian	75	40	35	185	95	85
Ontarian	35	25	15	130	55	75
Québécois	750	440	310	1,830	945	880
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	170	80	90	405	175	230
European origins	1,195,185	593,595	601,590	2,857,080	1,408,510	1,448,575
British Isles origins	763,525	379,940	383,585	1,926,040	945,580	980,460
Channel Islander	155	90	70	455	230	220
Cornish	245	125	120	610	340	265
English	470,340	232,230	238,110	1,203,540	585,700	617,845
Irish	275,355	132,540	142,820	675,135	318,455	356,675
Manx	770	365	405	1,810	835	975
Scottish	341,075	167,685	173,390	860,775	417,080	443,700
Welsh	44,935	21,730	23,205	113,905	54,260	59,645
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	55,695	27,505	28,190	122,700	59,225	63,475
French origins	147,835	71,180	76,660	388,815	184,705	204,110
Alsatian	115	50	60	210	95	115
Breton	45	15	30	110	45	65
Corsican	75	35	45	105	40	65
French	147,715	71,115	76,595	388,580	184,595	203,980
Western European origins (except French origins)	312,330	154,110	158,220	839,860	411,165	428,695
Austrian	21,260	10,070	11,185	48,510	23,030	25,485
Bavarian	80	50	35	225	105	120
Belgian	8,205	4,065	4,135	19,980	9,615	10,360
Dutch	77,635	38,345	39,290	213,670	105,040	108,630
Flemish	955	485	465	2,215	1,145	1,075
Frisian	195	70	125	850	425	425
German	222,025	109,675	112,350	603,265	294,860	308,410
Luxembourger	330	175	150	695	340	355
Swiss	11,340	5,720	5,625	31,390	15,510	15,880
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	455	200	250	905	425	485
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	130,095	62,650	67,445	346,525	166,100	180,425
Danish	23,025	11,200	11,820	58,205	27,985	30,220
Finnish	14,085	6,665	7,420	34,150	16,285	17,870
Icelandic	11,055	5,475	5,580	26,410	12,860	13,545
Norwegian	49,335	24,045	25,290	138,430	66,870	71,565
Swedish	40,690	18,725	21,965	110,030	51,000	59,030
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	5,320	2,705	2,615	15,080	7,610	7,470
Eastern European origins	256,190	124,165	132,020	569,260	275,900	293,360
Bulgarian	2,940	1,370	1,570	4,015	1,875	2,140
Byelorussian	1,825	945	880	2,760	1,400	1,365
Czech	11,710	5,670	6,040	23,375	11,500	11,875
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	2,560	1,310	1,250	7,970	3,795	4,175
Estonian	2,540	1,175	1,375	4,840	2,250	2,590
Hungarian	25,860	12,720	13,135	56,535	27,450	29,090
Latvian	2,455	1,260	1,195	4,935	2,565	2,370
Lithuanian	4,155	2,000	2,155	7,225	3,465	3,755
Moldovan	720	340	375	1,085	510	580
Polish	70,590	33,860	36,725	149,635	71,605	78,030
Romanian	17,490	8,455	9,030	31,250	15,125	16,125
Russian	58,535	27,690	30,850	131,060	62,880	68,180
Slovak	6,345	2,945	3,400	11,220	5,440	5,780
Ukrainian	94,400	46,150	48,250	229,205	111,285	117,915
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	2,230	1,015	1,220	3,555	1,645	1,915
Southern European origins	196,295	97,515	98,785	334,740	164,780	169,960
Albanian	1,330	665	665	1,925	975	950
Bosnian	2,675	1,315	1,360	3,290	1,635	1,655
Catalan	65	55	15	120	85	30
Croatian	15,670	8,100	7,570	23,845	12,180	11,660
Cypriot	345	195	150	440	230	205
Greek	16,085	8,275	7,810	24,460	12,410	12,050
Italian	87,875	44,495	43,380	166,095	83,095	83,000
Kosovar	170	90	80	280	135	145
Macedonian	865	470	390	1,205	620	580
Maltese	1,185	655	535	2,645	1,350	1,295
Montenegrin	600	280	315	710	360	350
Portuguese	24,575	12,050	12,520	41,770	20,620	21,145
Serbian	10,160	5,285	4,875	12,895	6,625	6,270
Sicilian	210	135	80	545	295	255
Slovenian	3,050	1,475	1,575	5,555	2,725	2,825
Spanish	43,990	20,385	23,605	64,470	29,245	35,225
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	3,275	1,470	1,805	7,080	3,360	3,725
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	230	110	125	395	200	195
Other European origins	18,865	9,790	9,070	34,700	17,800	16,900
Basque	475	280	195	840	470	375
Jewish	11,230	5,795	5,435	17,580	8,950	8,635
Roma (Gypsy)	325	120	205	805	320	485
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	505	255	255	965	520	450
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	6,470	3,400	3,065	14,715	7,635	7,080
Caribbean origins	16,395	8,195	8,205	25,010	12,350	12,660
Antiguan	130	60	70	220	115	105
Bahamian	160	90	65	255	140	110
Barbadian	1,310	690	620	1,870	945	930
Bermudan	155	75	85	335	155	175
Carib	60	40	20	70	50	25
Cuban	870	440	430	1,320	615	700
Dominican	535	250	290	735	330	410
Grenadian	280	150	130	380	195	185
Guadeloupean	10	10	10	15	0	15
Haitian	635	285	345	1,140	530	615
Jamaican	6,455	3,365	3,085	10,545	5,425	5,120
Kittitian/Nevisian	95	55	45	130	70	55
Martinican	20	10	20	25	0	20
Montserratan	15	0	10	25	15	10
Puerto Rican	280	115	165	570	260	310
St. Lucian	115	60	60	190	85	110
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	3,120	1,550	1,565	4,170	2,085	2,085
Vincentian/Grenadinian	325	145	180	415	180	230
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,440	655	785	2,120	930	1,190
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	1,485	715	770	1,920	945	975
Latin, Central and South American origins	49,100	23,700	25,405	69,920	33,580	36,335
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	1,790	935	860	2,625	1,350	1,275
Arawak	55	30	30	90	45	45
Argentinian	1,360	610	745	2,025	910	1,120
Belizean	35	20	15	125	60	65
Bolivian	185	60	125	375	145	230
Brazilian	4,065	1,830	2,230	5,455	2,465	2,990
Chilean	3,840	1,840	2,000	5,700	2,740	2,955
Colombian	4,600	2,240	2,355	5,860	2,805	3,055
Costa Rican	460	225	230	810	385	425
Ecuadorian	740	355	385	1,040	490	550
Guatemalan	1,985	1,050	935	2,575	1,310	1,265
Guyanese	1,240	635	600	1,925	995	935
Hispanic	1,200	575	625	1,535	720	810
Honduran	1,120	585	530	1,445	750	695
Maya	620	335	290	930	475	455
Mexican	15,115	7,170	7,945	23,055	11,025	12,035
Nicaraguan	1,060	485	570	1,520	735	785
Panamanian	195	105	90	325	140	185
Paraguayan	285	145	135	895	475	420
Peruvian	3,100	1,435	1,665	3,905	1,775	2,135
Salvadorean	5,310	2,690	2,620	6,815	3,390	3,425
Uruguayan	285	150	135	410	205	205
Venezuelan	1,555	750	800	1,900	915	980
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	2,450	1,205	1,245	3,310	1,605	1,705
African origins	40,665	20,870	19,795	59,985	30,635	29,345
Central and West African origins	4,965	2,665	2,305	7,075	3,810	3,265
Akan	30	20	10	40	30	10
Angolan	55	25	25	90	55	35
Ashanti	65	25	40	85	30	50
Beninese	30	15	15	35	20	15
Burkinabe	20	15	10	45	30	15
Cameroonian	85	45	40	150	85	70
Chadian	10	0	10	70	50	25
Congolese	675	355	325	810	405	400
Edo	60	40	15	85	55	30
Ewe	55	25	25	55	25	30
Gabonese	10	0	10	10	0	10
Gambian	20	10	10	25	10	15
Ghanaian	1,270	705	565	1,600	865	730
Guinean	125	45	80	130	45	80
Ibo	200	120	80	280	160	115
Ivorian	45	25	15	100	55	50
Liberian	205	90	115	250	95	150
Malian	20	15	10	80	55	25
Malinké	10	0	0	10	0	0
Nigerian	1,680	920	760	2,615	1,430	1,185
Peulh	20	10	15	20	0	15
Senegalese	45	35	15	95	75	25
Sierra Leonean	90	40	50	130	60	65
Togolese	80	45	35	100	70	40
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	130	70	60	255	135	125
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	400	190	205	620	305	315
North African origins	7,325	3,840	3,490	9,840	5,210	4,630
Algerian	615	360	255	770	465	305
Berber	185	115	70	210	130	80
Coptic	120	70	55	150	90	65
Dinka	15	10	10	45	25	15
Egyptian	3,405	1,785	1,620	4,520	2,340	2,180
Libyan	210	150	60	420	275	140
Maure	105	40	65	150	60	90
Moroccan	1,480	780	700	2,005	1,105	895
Sudanese	940	405	535	1,225	535	695
Tunisian	380	205	175	500	290	215
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	170	100	65	215	115	105
Southern and East African origins	17,295	8,745	8,550	24,800	12,345	12,450
Afrikaner	365	175	190	705	355	355
Amhara	115	60	55	115	60	50
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	235	125	115	255	140	120
Burundian	195	90	105	215	95	120
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	950	505	445	1,055	550	505
Ethiopian	2,020	1,060	965	2,550	1,280	1,270
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	1,170	570	605	1,615	775	845
Malagasy	80	50	30	105	65	40
Mauritian	760	420	335	975	520	450
Oromo	120	70	50	140	75	65
Rwandan	305	170	140	420	225	195
Seychellois	15	10	10	25	15	15
Somali	2,105	1,015	1,090	2,295	1,115	1,180
South African	6,485	3,305	3,180	11,060	5,510	5,550
Tanzanian	425	170	250	490	220	275
Tigrian	180	100	85	205	110	95
Ugandan	595	295	300	775	390	380
Zambian	120	65	60	210	95	110
Zimbabwean	565	290	270	855	445	405
Zulu	65	25	40	75	25	45
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,390	690	695	1,840	910	930
Other African origins	11,685	5,945	5,745	19,215	9,745	9,465
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	1,460	750	710	2,660	1,315	1,340
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	10,325	5,240	5,085	16,740	8,515	8,225
Asian origins	1,128,155	536,680	591,470	1,312,445	624,270	688,175
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	86,090	44,390	41,705	99,560	51,315	48,245
Afghan	7,500	3,785	3,715	7,895	4,005	3,885
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	4,655	2,510	2,140	5,660	3,125	2,540
Armenian	2,845	1,460	1,390	3,715	1,905	1,815
Assyrian	450	245	205	545	295	250
Azerbaijani	890	510	375	990	570	425
Georgian	550	290	260	740	380	355
Hazara	55	30	20	55	30	20
Iranian	44,355	22,490	21,865	47,985	24,290	23,695
Iraqi	5,205	2,635	2,565	5,575	2,860	2,715
Israeli	2,075	1,100	965	2,655	1,370	1,285
Jordanian	585	310	275	785	425	355
Kazakh	275	170	100	385	205	175
Kurd	1,980	1,075	900	2,120	1,165	950
Kuwaiti	100	70	30	125	85	40
Kyrgyz	155	85	70	175	90	85
Lebanese	5,320	2,830	2,490	7,980	4,175	3,805
Palestinian	2,245	1,190	1,060	2,625	1,410	1,210
Pashtun	325	190	140	360	200	160
Saudi Arabian	550	320	220	975	615	360
Syrian	2,780	1,340	1,440	3,955	1,905	2,055
Tajik	240	120	115	260	135	125
Tatar	650	325	325	790	365	425
Turk	5,185	2,865	2,325	6,355	3,485	2,865
Turkmen	75	45	25	120	70	55
Uighur	100	45	50	130	65	60
Uzbek	245	135	110	270	150	120
Yemeni	255	160	90	300	185	115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	2,135	1,105	1,030	2,635	1,340	1,295
South Asian origins	287,900	143,920	143,985	363,885	182,650	181,235
Bangladeshi	1,510	745	760	1,840	925	920
Bengali	755	355	405	850	405	445
Bhutanese	100	50	45	120	65	55
East Indian	243,135	121,175	121,960	309,315	154,795	154,520
Goan	320	160	160	485	245	240
Gujarati	615	300	320	700	335	365
Kashmiri	145	75	70	185	100	85
Nepali	1,155	550	605	1,495	690	805
Pakistani	10,825	5,610	5,210	12,585	6,565	6,015
Punjabi	30,670	15,525	15,145	38,725	19,700	19,025
Sinhalese	530	290	240	620	325	300
Sri Lankan	5,065	2,665	2,405	5,710	2,970	2,740
Tamil	1,060	580	475	1,235	670	560
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	7,200	3,550	3,655	8,245	4,070	4,170
East and Southeast Asian origins	759,850	351,250	408,605	855,345	393,475	461,875
Burmese	1,970	1,000	965	2,310	1,135	1,175
Cambodian (Khmer)	2,510	1,205	1,310	3,235	1,580	1,655
Chinese	499,175	234,015	265,160	540,155	253,065	287,090
Filipino	133,925	59,375	74,555	158,215	68,710	89,505
Hmong	115	55	55	130	70	60
Indonesian	4,935	2,355	2,575	6,625	3,115	3,510
Japanese	37,630	16,280	21,350	51,150	22,200	28,945
Karen	890	445	440	895	450	445
Korean	55,505	25,720	29,790	63,300	29,330	33,975
Laotian	1,775	870	905	2,530	1,275	1,255
Malaysian	4,230	1,955	2,275	5,060	2,260	2,800
Mongolian	1,000	485	525	1,495	740	760
Singaporean	895	420	475	1,055	490	560
Taiwanese	20,345	9,320	11,025	21,455	9,810	11,650
Thai	3,330	1,300	2,030	5,065	1,870	3,195
Tibetan	445	235	215	550	290	260
Vietnamese	34,915	17,065	17,850	41,435	20,205	21,230
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	630	265	365	785	310	470
Other Asian origins	1,805	910	890	2,500	1,250	1,250
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,805	915	895	2,500	1,250	1,255
Oceania origins	26,820	13,345	13,465	41,125	20,605	20,520
Australian	8,360	4,370	3,990	16,240	8,385	7,855
New Zealander	3,340	1,695	1,645	6,565	3,405	3,155
Pacific Islands origins	15,550	7,520	8,025	19,135	9,240	9,890
Fijian	13,085	6,375	6,705	14,145	6,895	7,250
Hawaiian	865	370	495	2,200	970	1,235
Maori	565	320	245	1,120	595	530
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	345	145	195	600	275	325
Samoan	245	125	120	485	255	230
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	680	320	355	905	440	465
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	960,895	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Owner	612,005	...	...	1,279,020	...	...
Renter	348,700	...	...	599,360	...	...
Band housing	190	...	...	3,590	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	960,895	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Condominium	293,765	...	...	416,770	...	...
Not condominium	667,130	...	...	1,465,200	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	960,895	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
No bedrooms	17,175	...	...	22,705	...	...
1 bedroom	208,400	...	...	311,035	...	...
2 bedrooms	259,450	...	...	514,015	...	...
3 bedrooms	215,335	...	...	513,135	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	260,530	...	...	521,075	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	960,890	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	413,395	...	...	642,910	...	...
5 rooms	129,200	...	...	274,780	...	...
6 rooms	100,710	...	...	235,845	...	...
7 rooms	83,140	...	...	199,715	...	...
8 or more rooms	234,455	...	...	528,720	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.6	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	960,895	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
One person or fewer per room	927,685	...	...	1,839,850	...	...
More than 1 person per room	33,210	...	...	42,120	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	960,890	...	...	1,881,965	...	...
Suitable	890,535	...	...	1,781,905	...	...
Not suitable	70,365	...	...	100,060	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	960,895	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1960 or before	128,710	...	...	267,560	...	...
1961 to 1980	253,845	...	...	559,485	...	...
1981 to 1990	151,760	...	...	289,565	...	...
1991 to 2000	171,550	...	...	331,865	...	...
2001 to 2005	71,265	...	...	125,335	...	...
2006 to 2010	95,910	...	...	171,945	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	87,855	...	...	136,210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	960,895	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	906,230	...	...	1,763,105	...	...
Major repairs needed	54,665	...	...	118,865	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	960,895	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1 household maintainer	555,795	...	...	1,091,500	...	...
2 household maintainers	364,605	...	...	725,675	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	40,495	...	...	64,790	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	960,895	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
15 to 24 years	30,220	...	...	58,620	...	...
25 to 34 years	142,600	...	...	253,950	...	...
35 to 44 years	171,450	...	...	304,185	...	...
45 to 54 years	209,675	...	...	378,545	...	...
55 to 64 years	188,785	...	...	390,185	...	...
65 to 74 years	126,445	...	...	288,165	...	...
75 to 84 years	66,025	...	...	152,225	...	...
85 years and over	25,700	...	...	56,085	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	953,380	...	...	1,832,420	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	648,420	...	...	1,320,210	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	304,955	...	...	512,210	...	...
30% to less than 100%	240,995	...	...	420,705	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	608,080	...	...	1,242,600	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.3	...	...	58.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	25.4	...	...	20.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,376	...	...	1,149	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,622	...	...	1,387	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	800,220	...	...	500,874	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	1,005,920	...	...	720,689	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	347,220	...	...	592,825	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.1	...	...	12.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	43.5	...	...	43.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,136	...	...	1,036	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,242	...	...	1,149	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	2,064,610	998,830	1,065,780	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
No certificate, diploma or degree	287,135	139,610	147,525	601,640	305,320	296,315
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	589,940	288,420	301,520	1,138,565	549,580	588,985
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,187,535	570,805	616,730	2,130,175	1,027,870	1,102,310
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	133,015	94,640	38,380	338,980	250,270	88,720
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	61,205	35,080	26,125	142,935	83,055	59,880
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	71,810	59,560	12,255	196,045	167,210	28,840
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	345,280	145,135	200,145	700,945	280,300	420,645
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	77,845	32,950	44,900	138,010	54,420	83,585
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	631,385	298,080	333,305	952,240	442,880	509,360
Bachelor's degree	415,805	191,250	224,550	622,670	281,020	341,655
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	44,855	18,920	25,935	69,005	28,575	40,430
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	18,135	9,810	8,325	29,110	16,690	12,420
Master's degree	129,655	63,875	65,780	195,825	94,360	101,465
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	22,935	14,225	8,710	35,625	22,240	13,390
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,392,440	671,970	720,470	2,532,975	1,227,040	1,305,940
No certificate, diploma or degree	111,575	58,090	53,480	244,000	134,410	109,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	339,185	168,975	170,210	671,010	330,835	340,175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	941,685	444,905	496,780	1,617,965	761,790	856,175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	93,815	67,360	26,455	231,445	172,290	59,155
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	43,165	24,930	18,230	97,350	56,920	40,435
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	50,655	42,430	8,225	134,095	115,370	18,725
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	267,620	112,745	154,885	528,805	210,880	317,925
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	58,545	24,490	34,055	99,695	39,205	60,490
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	521,700	240,310	281,385	758,015	339,415	418,605
Bachelor's degree	342,235	154,945	187,290	497,845	219,005	278,840
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35,940	14,735	21,210	52,955	20,995	31,965
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	14,490	7,215	7,280	22,440	11,665	10,775
Master's degree	111,335	53,020	58,310	159,740	73,335	86,405
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	17,690	10,400	7,300	25,030	14,420	10,615
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	2,064,610	998,835	1,065,780	3,870,380	1,882,770	1,987,610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	877,080	428,030	449,050	1,740,205	854,900	885,300
Education	69,880	15,415	54,465	144,100	34,915	109,185
13. Education	69,880	15,410	54,470	144,100	34,910	109,185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	67,210	31,010	36,200	98,735	44,465	54,275
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	11,500	8,720	2,780	16,970	12,880	4,090
50. Visual and performing arts	55,710	22,290	33,420	81,765	31,580	50,185
Humanities	79,940	30,295	49,645	124,600	49,025	75,575
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	11,125	2,575	8,550	15,235	3,675	11,555
23. English language and literature/letters	22,630	7,005	15,625	34,710	10,845	23,865
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	24,845	9,590	15,260	35,720	13,670	22,050
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	350	140	215	585	210	375
38. Philosophy and religious studies	4,010	2,390	1,620	6,710	4,050	2,660
39. Theology and religious vocations	5,345	3,190	2,160	12,275	7,400	4,880
54. History	9,335	4,980	4,355	15,780	8,475	7,300
55. French language and literature/letters	2,305	430	1,875	3,580	705	2,880
Social and behavioural sciences and law	155,565	57,725	97,840	245,990	87,960	158,025
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,615	690	1,925	4,120	1,060	3,060
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	16,575	5,980	10,595	23,180	8,505	14,680
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	19,095	1,740	17,350	38,070	3,285	34,785
22. Legal professions and studies	24,595	9,270	15,320	38,505	13,545	24,955
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	2,635	770	1,860	4,325	1,345	2,985
42. Psychology	26,775	7,540	19,235	43,230	12,480	30,750
45. Social sciences	63,280	31,730	31,550	94,560	47,755	46,810
Business, management and public administration	260,400	112,020	148,380	426,460	166,470	259,990
30.16 Accounting and computer science	420	130	285	775	215	560
44. Public administration and social service professions	10,235	2,465	7,770	26,520	5,960	20,565
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	249,745	109,420	140,320	399,160	160,295	238,865
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55,940	29,310	26,640	86,425	46,070	40,355
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	22,715	10,225	12,490	36,760	16,800	19,960
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	13,390	6,565	6,825	19,025	9,400	9,620
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	635	160	475	835	225	610
40. Physical sciences	17,610	11,790	5,820	26,370	18,395	7,975
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,600	565	1,035	3,440	1,255	2,185
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	56,690	37,010	19,680	80,070	51,490	28,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	44,915	31,730	13,190	62,795	43,900	18,890
25. Library science	3,210	480	2,725	5,560	755	4,805
27. Mathematics and statistics	7,980	4,430	3,550	10,875	6,295	4,580
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	590	375	215	835	540	300
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	211,910	186,360	25,550	427,670	388,335	39,340
04. Architecture and related services	11,380	7,200	4,185	15,490	9,985	5,505
14. Engineering	74,080	59,710	14,370	98,455	81,055	17,395
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	33,825	29,890	3,935	68,500	60,490	8,010
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	40	25	10	90	25	65
46. Construction trades	39,190	37,980	1,210	100,765	97,615	3,150
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35,815	34,715	1,095	97,720	94,520	3,200
48. Precision production	17,580	16,840	745	46,660	44,650	2,015
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	16,890	9,535	7,350	50,210	31,680	18,525
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10,385	5,480	4,905	24,950	13,670	11,275
03. Natural resources and conservation	6,505	4,060	2,450	25,260	18,010	7,250
Health and related fields	159,905	36,460	123,440	322,715	65,735	256,975
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	12,705	6,575	6,125	23,740	11,920	11,820
51. Health professions and related programs	141,910	26,980	114,930	290,645	48,985	241,655
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	5,295	2,905	2,390	8,330	4,835	3,495
Personal, protective and transportation services	52,975	25,600	27,375	122,855	61,605	61,250
12. Personal and culinary services	36,770	12,030	24,745	79,740	24,860	54,885
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	90	85	10	320	290	30
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	265	250	15	1,235	1,120	115
43. Security and protective services	5,915	4,425	1,495	13,935	10,390	3,545
49. Transportation and materials moving	9,940	8,810	1,125	27,620	24,945	2,680
Other	220	70	155	355	115	240
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	225	70	150	350	115	240
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,392,435	671,965	720,475	2,532,980	1,227,040	1,305,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	450,760	227,065	223,695	915,015	465,250	449,765
Education	49,160	10,165	38,995	96,005	21,035	74,970
13. Education	49,160	10,165	38,995	96,010	21,035	74,975
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	54,535	25,050	29,485	77,655	34,430	43,225
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	9,115	6,975	2,140	12,710	9,580	3,130
50. Visual and performing arts	45,415	18,075	27,340	64,940	24,845	40,090
Humanities	62,810	23,065	39,740	93,605	35,490	58,115
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	8,935	1,885	7,055	11,710	2,510	9,195
23. English language and literature/letters	17,550	5,320	12,235	25,665	7,810	17,850
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20,030	7,495	12,530	28,260	10,505	17,750
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	270	115	155	425	170	255
38. Philosophy and religious studies	3,135	1,830	1,310	4,970	2,960	2,010
39. Theology and religious vocations	3,965	2,340	1,620	8,330	4,945	3,385
54. History	7,210	3,755	3,460	11,805	6,140	5,665
55. French language and literature/letters	1,705	325	1,380	2,445	455	2,000
Social and behavioural sciences and law	127,395	45,820	81,575	196,450	67,000	129,450
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,270	580	1,685	3,460	845	2,615
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	14,210	5,000	9,205	19,685	6,940	12,750
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15,160	1,385	13,770	29,855	2,505	27,350
22. Legal professions and studies	20,290	6,915	13,375	31,190	9,665	21,525
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	2,135	615	1,515	3,540	1,110	2,425
42. Psychology	21,460	5,815	15,650	33,055	8,845	24,210
45. Social sciences	51,875	25,505	26,370	75,665	37,095	38,575
Business, management and public administration	213,390	90,380	123,015	335,220	128,975	206,245
30.16 Accounting and computer science	310	105	200	540	170	365
44. Public administration and social service professions	8,095	1,895	6,200	20,695	4,240	16,455
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	204,985	88,375	116,605	313,985	124,565	189,425
Physical and life sciences and technologies	42,715	21,695	21,020	63,705	32,325	31,385
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	18,145	8,020	10,120	28,505	12,595	15,915
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	9,880	4,685	5,195	13,825	6,570	7,260
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	500	115	385	645	160	485
40. Physical sciences	13,105	8,500	4,600	18,525	12,250	6,270
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,095	370	725	2,210	750	1,460
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	49,880	32,880	16,995	68,660	44,820	23,840
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40,915	28,945	11,965	56,390	39,660	16,725
25. Library science	2,350	365	1,985	3,830	545	3,290
27. Mathematics and statistics	6,115	3,260	2,850	7,760	4,185	3,570
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	500	310	190	680	430	250
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	162,555	140,255	22,300	310,855	277,375	33,475
04. Architecture and related services	9,170	5,455	3,720	12,110	7,240	4,875
14. Engineering	60,360	47,375	12,980	76,935	61,380	15,560
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	24,985	21,790	3,195	48,690	42,285	6,405
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	30	20	0	65	20	45
46. Construction trades	29,305	28,340	965	72,800	70,225	2,570
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	26,760	25,920	840	69,025	66,545	2,480
48. Precision production	11,945	11,365	590	31,225	29,690	1,535
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	13,480	7,310	6,175	39,360	23,810	15,555
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	8,225	4,165	4,060	18,965	9,875	9,090
03. Natural resources and conservation	5,260	3,145	2,110	20,395	13,930	6,470
Health and related fields	125,485	28,740	96,745	244,975	50,520	194,460
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10,075	5,185	4,890	18,900	9,380	9,520
51. Health professions and related programs	111,260	21,460	89,795	219,800	37,800	182,000
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	4,155	2,095	2,055	6,285	3,340	2,940
Personal, protective and transportation services	40,095	19,480	20,615	91,185	45,925	45,265
12. Personal and culinary services	27,530	9,115	18,415	58,820	18,880	39,945
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	45	40	10	195	165	30
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	100	95	0	570	505	65
43. Security and protective services	4,830	3,550	1,285	11,175	8,110	3,060
49. Transportation and materials moving	7,590	6,675	915	20,430	18,265	2,165
Other	180	55	125	275	85	185
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	180	55	120	270	85	185
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	2,064,610	998,835	1,065,785	3,870,380	1,882,770	1,987,610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	877,080	428,030	449,050	1,740,205	854,900	885,300
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,187,535	570,805	616,730	2,130,175	1,027,870	1,102,305
Location of study inside Canada	808,025	390,720	417,305	1,625,550	785,340	840,205
Same as province or territory of residence	651,950	311,405	340,545	1,243,905	593,275	650,635
Different than province or territory of residence	156,075	79,315	76,760	381,645	192,070	189,575
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	379,505	180,085	199,420	504,630	242,530	262,100
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	42,490	23,545	18,950	74,030	40,425	33,610
Philippines	48,070	17,835	30,230	56,845	20,455	36,395
India	35,220	17,465	17,755	44,115	22,045	22,065
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	33,180	18,105	15,070	58,825	31,920	26,910
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	58,575	26,315	32,260	61,840	27,630	34,210
France	3,355	1,850	1,505	4,385	2,360	2,025
Other	158,620	74,970	83,645	204,580	97,700	106,885
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,392,440	671,970	720,475	2,532,975	1,227,040	1,305,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	450,760	227,065	223,695	915,015	465,250	449,765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	941,680	444,905	496,780	1,617,960	761,790	856,170
Location of study inside Canada	641,620	307,965	333,660	1,239,640	589,155	650,490
Same as province or territory of residence	522,570	247,290	275,280	970,485	454,780	515,700
Different than province or territory of residence	119,050	60,670	58,385	269,155	134,375	134,785
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	300,065	136,940	163,120	378,325	172,640	205,685
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	31,750	17,165	14,590	50,095	26,175	23,920
Philippines	41,085	15,065	26,015	48,935	17,385	31,555
India	29,660	14,020	15,635	36,800	17,455	19,345
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	21,325	11,480	9,845	32,890	17,360	15,530
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	50,715	22,290	28,420	53,570	23,445	30,125
France	2,815	1,570	1,245	3,505	1,885	1,615
Other	122,715	55,350	67,365	152,530	68,935	83,595
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	2,064,615	998,835	1,065,780	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,610
In the labour force	1,355,520	703,360	652,160	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830
Employed	1,276,900	663,785	613,115	2,305,690	1,194,455	1,111,240
Unemployed	78,620	39,570	39,050	165,975	91,385	74,590
Not in the labour force	709,090	295,475	413,620	1,398,710	596,935	801,775
Participation rate	65.7	70.4	61.2	63.9	68.3	59.7
Employment rate	61.8	66.5	57.5	59.6	63.4	55.9
Unemployment rate	5.8	5.6	6.0	6.7	7.1	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	2,064,615	998,835	1,065,780	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	665,515	276,425	389,090	1,290,235	547,350	742,885
Worked	1,399,100	722,410	676,695	2,580,140	1,335,420	1,244,720
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	657,640	374,985	282,650	1,183,405	675,950	507,460
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	741,460	347,425	394,040	1,396,735	659,470	737,260
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	43.0	41.3	41.8	42.4	41.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	1,355,520	703,360	652,160	2,471,670	1,285,840	1,185,835
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	24,960	11,630	13,325	43,805	21,245	22,555
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	1,330,565	691,730	638,830	2,427,860	1,264,585	1,163,275
Employee	1,150,055	579,375	570,680	2,084,470	1,054,630	1,029,840
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	180,505	112,355	68,155	343,395	209,955	133,430
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	1,355,520	703,365	652,160	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	24,955	11,635	13,325	43,805	21,245	22,560
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	1,330,565	691,725	638,835	2,427,860	1,264,585	1,163,270
0 Management occupations	156,610	97,575	59,040	275,000	168,820	106,180
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	222,325	71,120	151,210	368,940	106,205	262,740
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	101,405	79,690	21,710	161,520	127,060	34,460
3 Health occupations	83,990	20,060	63,930	162,865	35,775	127,095
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	148,620	49,540	99,080	269,255	87,765	181,485
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	61,975	31,655	30,320	93,100	44,855	48,245
6 Sales and service occupations	331,590	147,165	184,430	595,225	251,490	343,735
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	167,640	157,870	9,775	360,970	339,660	21,315
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	17,660	12,070	5,590	64,235	47,530	16,700
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	38,740	24,985	13,760	76,745	55,430	21,315
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	1,355,520	703,360	652,160	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	24,955	11,630	13,325	43,805	21,250	22,555
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	1,330,565	691,725	638,835	2,427,865	1,264,590	1,163,270
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	13,025	6,860	6,160	65,205	42,840	22,360
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,470	3,245	1,225	25,920	21,810	4,115
22 Utilities	6,840	4,430	2,410	12,445	8,915	3,535
23 Construction	98,365	85,805	12,555	199,985	175,195	24,790
31-33 Manufacturing	84,355	56,870	27,485	157,560	113,945	43,615
41 Wholesale trade	55,415	36,140	19,275	82,105	55,530	26,580
44-45 Retail trade	150,000	70,385	79,615	283,135	129,985	153,150
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	74,775	57,460	17,320	128,400	98,580	29,815
51 Information and cultural industries	50,230	31,635	18,600	67,225	41,065	26,155
52 Finance and insurance	65,245	28,935	36,315	93,805	38,430	55,380
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35,440	19,460	15,980	54,995	29,515	25,475
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	133,130	74,620	58,505	196,670	107,680	88,990
55 Management of companies and enterprises	3,185	1,450	1,730	4,320	1,975	2,345
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	61,000	35,270	25,730	109,095	62,325	46,775
61 Educational services	99,830	33,935	65,895	173,820	56,455	117,365
62 Health care and social assistance	137,665	28,495	109,170	270,855	52,320	218,530
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	31,525	15,900	15,635	57,940	29,050	28,895
72 Accommodation and food services	111,360	48,695	62,665	207,045	86,555	120,490
81 Other services (except public administration)	60,840	24,870	35,970	112,335	47,960	64,375
91 Public administration	53,855	27,260	26,595	125,000	64,450	60,545
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	1,276,900	663,790	613,115	2,305,690	1,194,455	1,111,240
Worked at home	104,865	52,665	52,200	196,510	95,515	100,990
Worked outside Canada	12,825	9,110	3,715	16,040	11,285	4,760
No fixed workplace address	169,320	123,645	45,680	326,180	243,130	83,050
Worked at usual place	989,890	478,370	511,520	1,766,965	844,520	922,440
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	989,890	478,370	511,520	1,766,965	844,520	922,440
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	436,405	192,755	243,650	864,410	382,105	482,305
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	534,525	274,720	259,810	807,840	405,435	402,400
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	14,895	8,330	6,570	81,750	47,820	33,930
Commute to a different province or territory	4,060	2,565	1,495	12,965	9,160	3,805
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	1,159,215	602,010	557,200	2,093,145	1,087,655	1,005,490
Car, truck, van - as a driver	745,820	419,660	326,160	1,475,585	803,485	672,095
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	58,040	22,500	35,535	114,580	49,075	65,500
Public transit	235,985	100,450	135,535	274,205	117,830	156,375
Walked	77,830	33,760	44,075	142,310	62,395	79,920
Bicycle	27,240	17,585	9,650	51,350	32,665	18,680
Other method	14,305	8,055	6,250	35,115	22,195	12,915
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	1,159,210	602,015	557,200	2,093,140	1,087,650	1,005,490
Less than 15 minutes	207,755	93,355	114,400	601,950	276,005	325,950
15 to 29 minutes	375,370	191,570	183,805	689,520	353,590	335,925
30 to 44 minutes	306,130	169,105	137,030	425,680	237,995	187,685
45 to 59 minutes	139,550	76,570	62,975	184,690	104,220	80,465
60 minutes and over	130,405	71,410	58,990	191,305	115,840	75,470
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	1,159,210	602,010	557,200	2,093,140	1,087,650	1,005,490
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	75,905	52,030	23,880	142,370	101,315	41,050
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	182,840	110,300	72,540	342,500	214,795	127,700
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	282,190	141,805	140,380	526,485	271,110	255,375
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	260,320	120,855	139,470	470,210	202,910	267,295
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	183,650	83,955	99,695	292,185	125,470	166,715
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	174,300	93,070	81,235	319,400	172,045	147,355
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	1,449,815	746,815	703,000	2,670,700	1,378,580	1,292,120
Single responses	1,408,665	726,520	682,150	2,622,495	1,354,780	1,267,710
Official languages	1,333,800	686,630	647,165	2,537,990	1,309,980	1,228,015
English	1,330,560	685,750	644,805	2,531,850	1,308,325	1,223,530
French	3,245	885	2,360	6,140	1,660	4,485
Non-official languages	74,865	39,885	34,980	84,500	44,805	39,705
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	260	75	180
Algonquian languages	0	10	0	15	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	110	30	85
Comox	0	0	0	10	0	10
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	0	15
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	0	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	10
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	15	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Haisla	0	0	0	10	0	10
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	74,860	39,880	34,980	84,245	44,730	39,520
Afro-Asiatic languages	390	245	140	440	295	145
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	10	0	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	380	245	130	435	295	135
Amharic	10	10	0	15	15	0
Arabic	275	195	80	320	235	85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	25	20	10	25	20	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	75	30	45	75	30	50
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,000	920	1,085	2,505	1,165	1,345
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	15	10	45	30	20
Vietnamese	1,985	900	1,080	2,460	1,140	1,325
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	745	360	380	825	385	440
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	10	20	0	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	10	15	30	15	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	50	35	20	65	35	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	635	300	335	695	320	375
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	20	15	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	15	30	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	25	15	15	30	10	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	17,420	10,045	7,370	23,765	13,305	10,460
Albanian	10	15	0	15	15	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	730	340	395	950	440	510
Baltic languages	10	10	10	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	720	330	385	935	435	500
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	15	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	10	10	0	10
Croatian	25	10	20	30	10	25
Czech	20	10	10	40	20	10
Macedonian	0	0	10	0	0	10
Polish	100	45	55	115	50	70
Russian	435	190	250	565	255	315
Serbian	85	50	35	95	55	40
Serbo-Croatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	15	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	40	25	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	340	185	155	805	465	335
Afrikaans	10	10	0	15	10	0
Danish	10	10	0	15	15	0
Dutch	75	40	30	120	70	45
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	210	100	110	590	330	260
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	10	15	10	10
Swedish	25	20	10	25	20	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	10	10	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	25	30	55	25	30
Indo-Iranian languages	14,590	8,630	5,960	19,805	11,280	8,535
Indo-Aryan languages	13,515	7,915	5,600	18,715	10,560	8,160
Bengali	15	15	10	15	15	0
Gujarati	35	15	25	35	15	25
Hindi	265	160	105	300	185	110
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	10	20	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	13,130	7,695	5,435	18,295	10,310	7,985
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	20	15	45	25	25
Iranian languages	1,075	715	355	1,085	720	365
Kurdish	30	25	0	25	25	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,045	695	350	1,060	700	360
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,695	865	835	2,140	1,085	1,060
Catalan	0	10	0	10	10	0
Italian	85	35	50	110	50	60
Portuguese	490	245	245	515	255	260
Romanian	70	40	20	70	45	25
Spanish	1,040	530	515	1,435	725	710
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	1,545	585	960	1,730	650	1,080
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Korean	5,075	2,715	2,355	5,585	3,005	2,585
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	10	15	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	175	55	115	280	90	190
American Sign Language	140	25	110	215	45	165
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	25	10	70	45	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	47,255	24,805	22,450	48,735	25,645	23,085
Chinese languages	47,185	24,765	22,425	48,645	25,595	23,055
Cantonese	22,885	11,635	11,250	23,555	12,020	11,535
Hakka	10	0	0	15	0	10
Mandarin	23,195	12,570	10,625	23,835	12,935	10,900
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	210	120	90	210	120	85
Wu (Shanghainese)	50	25	25	50	25	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	850	410	430	985	485	500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	65	40	25	85	50	30
Burmese	20	10	10	25	15	15
Karenic languages	40	20	20	55	35	15
Tibetan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	100	45	55	170	65	110
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	100	45	55	165	65	105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	50	35	10	65	50	15
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	0	10	0
Turkish	35	25	0	55	40	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	20	15	45	20	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	10	25	10	15
Hungarian	15	10	10	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	35	20	20
Multiple responses	41,150	20,300	20,850	48,205	23,795	24,410
English and French	2,780	1,230	1,550	4,210	1,865	2,345
English and non-official language	37,980	18,925	19,060	43,480	21,760	21,720
French and non-official language	35	25	15	55	30	25
English, French and non-official language	350	125	225	465	145	320
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	1,449,815	746,820	702,995	2,670,700	1,378,580	1,292,120
None	1,311,375	677,965	633,405	2,498,070	1,293,650	1,204,420
English	30,725	15,720	15,010	36,505	18,270	18,235
French	11,780	5,160	6,620	22,465	10,170	12,300
Non-official language	93,460	46,775	46,685	110,375	54,925	55,455
Aboriginal	115	45	70	1,860	630	1,225
Non-Aboriginal	93,345	46,735	46,615	108,515	54,295	54,225
English and French	35	25	15	60	40	15
English and non-official language	1,115	540	580	1,155	545	610
French and non-official language	1,320	625	690	2,070	980	1,090
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	2,403,020	1,173,535	1,229,480	4,516,810	2,215,515	2,301,295
Non-movers	2,024,075	986,910	1,037,165	3,811,375	1,868,420	1,942,945
Movers	378,945	186,625	192,320	705,440	347,095	358,345
Non-migrants	207,285	101,800	105,485	386,620	189,765	196,855
Migrants	171,655	84,825	86,835	318,825	157,335	161,490
Internal migrants	117,565	58,210	59,355	249,960	123,425	126,540
Intraprovincial migrants	93,805	46,105	47,700	188,225	92,150	96,070
Interprovincial migrants	23,760	12,100	11,660	61,740	31,275	30,465
External migrants	54,095	26,620	27,475	68,860	33,910	34,950
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	2,310,250	1,125,640	1,184,605	4,339,960	2,124,780	2,215,180
Non-movers	1,298,680	632,380	666,300	2,490,535	1,220,635	1,269,905
Movers	1,011,565	493,260	518,305	1,849,425	904,145	945,275
Non-migrants	516,530	251,585	264,945	940,895	460,185	480,710
Migrants	495,040	241,680	253,360	908,535	443,965	464,570
Internal migrants	309,035	151,830	157,205	672,805	329,700	343,105
Intraprovincial migrants	246,845	121,080	125,765	503,685	245,895	257,795
Interprovincial migrants	62,190	30,755	31,440	169,115	83,805	85,310
External migrants	186,000	89,845	96,155	235,730	114,265	121,465