Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Division No. 1, Census division [Census division], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Division No. 9, Subd. H, SNO Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]			Division No. 1, CDR Alberta [Census division]
	Data quality , Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 1, Census division [Census division], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	159	...	...	82,627	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	179 ^rE	...	...	78,694	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-11.2 ^E	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	221	...	...	35,331	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	76	...	...	33,230	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,134.58	...	...	20,558.81	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	160	90	70	82,625	40,800	41,830
0 to 14 years	15	10	5	15,660	8,090	7,570
0 to 4 years	5	0	0	5,115	2,660	2,450
5 to 9 years	10	5	5	5,460	2,855	2,605
10 to 14 years	5	5	5	5,090	2,570	2,515
15 to 64 years	100	55	45	53,470	26,595	26,870
15 to 19 years	5	0	5	5,005	2,565	2,435
20 to 24 years	5	0	5	4,715	2,415	2,300
25 to 29 years	5	5	5	5,140	2,530	2,605
30 to 34 years	5	5	5	5,665	2,810	2,855
35 to 39 years	10	5	0	5,525	2,745	2,790
40 to 44 years	5	5	5	4,920	2,490	2,430
45 to 49 years	15	10	5	4,980	2,485	2,495
50 to 54 years	20	15	10	5,765	2,800	2,970
55 to 59 years	5	10	5	6,220	3,070	3,150
60 to 64 years	15	5	10	5,530	2,695	2,840
65 years and over	45	25	20	13,500	6,110	7,390
65 to 69 years	25	10	15	4,320	2,090	2,225
70 to 74 years	10	10	5	3,080	1,425	1,655
75 to 79 years	5	5	5	2,350	1,095	1,250
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	1,785	810	980
85 years and over	5	0	5	1,965	685	1,280
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	1,200	460	740
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	580	200	385
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	175	30	140
100 years and over	0	0	0	15	0	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9.4	11.1	7.1	19.0	19.8	18.1
15 to 64 years	62.5	61.1	64.3	64.7	65.2	64.2
65 years and over	28.1	27.8	28.6	16.3	15.0	17.7
85 years and over	3.1	0.0	7.1	2.4	1.7	3.1
Average age of the population	49.4	48.3	50.8	40.1	39.1	41.1
Median age of the population	53.1	51.8	54.5	39.6	38.6	40.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	75	...	...	33,230	...	...
Single-detached house	70	...	...	22,785	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	210	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5	...	...	9,050	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	1,640	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	1,835	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	535	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	5,000	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	40	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	1,190	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	80	...	...	33,230	...	...
1 person	15	...	...	9,040	...	...
2 persons	40	...	...	12,765	...	...
3 persons	10	...	...	4,540	...	...
4 persons	5	...	...	4,330	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	2,555	...	...
Number of persons in private households	160	...	...	79,665	...	...
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	145	80	65	66,965	32,705	34,260
Married or living common law	95	50	45	41,075	20,520	20,555
Married	70	35	30	34,690	17,340	17,345
Living common law	30	10	15	6,385	3,175	3,205
Not married and not living common law	50	30	20	25,895	12,185	13,705
Never married	30	20	15	15,525	8,675	6,845
Separated	5	0	0	1,640	705	945
Divorced	5	0	0	4,800	1,985	2,815
Widowed	15	5	10	3,930	820	3,105
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	55	...	...	23,325	...	...
2 persons	40	...	...	12,750	...	...
3 persons	10	...	...	4,360	...	...
4 persons	5	...	...	4,105	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	2,110	...	...
Average size of census families	2.3	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	60	...	...	23,325	...	...
Total couple families	50	...	...	19,850	...	...
Married couples	35	...	...	16,660	...	...
Common-law couples	15	...	...	3,190	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	15	...	...	3,470	...	...
Female parent	10	...	...	2,735	...	...
Male parent	5	...	...	740	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	19,850	...	...
Couples without children	35	...	...	10,715	...	...
Couples with children	10	...	...	9,135	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	3,360	...	...
2 children	0	...	...	3,780	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	1,995	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	3,470	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	2,035	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	1,000	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	440	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	20	15	5	13,105	6,540	6,565
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	75	...	...	33,230	...	...
One-census-family households	55	...	...	22,565	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	35	...	...	10,395	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	25	...	...	12,170	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	370	...	...
Non-census-family households	15	...	...	10,295	...	...
One-person households	15	...	...	9,040	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	0	...	...	1,250	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	160	90	70	81,210	40,300	40,910
English only	155	90	70	77,805	38,715	39,090
French only	0	0	0	20	10	5
English and French	0	0	5	2,725	1,280	1,450
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	660	300	360
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	160	90	70	81,210	40,300	40,910
English	155	85	70	79,775	39,590	40,185
French	0	0	0	725	380	340
English and French	0	0	0	65	30	30
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	650	295	350
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	760	395	360
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.9	1.0	0.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	160	90	70	81,215	40,300	40,910
Single responses	160	90	70	80,540	39,985	40,560
Official languages	160	90	70	71,455	35,540	35,910
English	160	90	70	70,625	35,110	35,515
French	0	0	0	830	430	405
Non-official languages	0	0	0	9,090	4,440	4,645
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	9,050	4,425	4,625
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	440	230	210
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	25	10	15
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	405	210	200
Amharic	0	0	0	15	5	10
Arabic	0	0	0	375	190	185
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	30	10	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	25	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	615	265	345
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	15	30
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	535	240	300
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	90	50	45
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tamil	0	0	0	25	15	15
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	7,060	3,490	3,570
Albanian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	495	230	265
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	490	230	260
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Czech	0	0	0	15	5	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	90	45	50
Russian	0	0	0	60	25	40
Serbian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Slovak	0	0	0	20	5	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	125	60	65
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5,325	2,655	2,670
Afrikaans	0	0	0	75	40	40
Danish	0	0	0	20	5	15
Dutch	0	0	0	350	165	180
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	5
German	0	0	0	4,845	2,420	2,425
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	35	20	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	410	200	215
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	385	185	195
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	60	30	25
Hindi	0	0	0	45	25	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	70	30	45
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	105	55	50
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	65	35	35
Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	745	360	385
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	70	40	35
Portuguese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Romanian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Spanish	0	0	0	600	285	315
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	45	15	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	55	25	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	10	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Dinka	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	355	175	185
Chinese languages	0	0	0	340	165	175
Cantonese	0	0	0	170	85	85
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	135	70	70
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	80	35	45
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	75	35	40
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	70	30	35
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	670	320	350
English and French	0	0	0	130	70	65
English and non-official language	0	0	0	520	240	280
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	155	85	70	81,215	40,300	40,910
Single responses	155	90	70	79,995	39,715	40,280
Official languages	160	85	70	75,385	37,420	37,960
English	160	85	70	75,205	37,335	37,870
French	0	0	0	175	85	90
Non-official languages	0	0	0	4,610	2,290	2,320
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	4,610	2,285	2,320
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	325	155	165
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	15	10	5
Somali	0	0	0	10	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	295	140	155
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	285	135	150
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	275	125	150
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	5	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	255	120	135
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	60	25	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	40	20	20
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	3,500	1,760	1,740
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	95	50	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	100	50	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	10	5
Russian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	2,745	1,385	1,360
Afrikaans	0	0	0	35	15	20
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	20	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	2,635	1,330	1,300
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Greek	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	280	140	145
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	260	130	135
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hindi	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	70	30	35
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	65	25	35
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	45	25	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	20	5	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	335	165	170
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Spanish	0	0	0	305	155	155
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	20	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Dinka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	200	100	100
Chinese languages	0	0	0	190	95	95
Cantonese	0	0	0	100	45	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	75	40	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	60	30	35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,215	590	630
English and French	0	0	0	55	20	35
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,145	560	590
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	160	90	70	81,215	40,305	40,910
None	160	90	70	75,910	37,720	38,185
English	0	0	0	2,540	1,240	1,295
French	0	0	0	535	235	295
Non-official language	0	0	0	2,180	1,075	1,110
Aboriginal	0	0	0	20	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	2,160	1,070	1,095
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	145	80	65	64,455	31,715	32,735
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	62,020	30,570	31,450
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	37,182	49,990	28,268
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	62,045	30,575	31,470
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	33,709	43,789	26,411
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	57,285	29,115	28,175
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	35,189	47,796	25,551
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	39,035	15,715	23,325
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	7,031	8,353	6,351
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	47,540	24,920	22,620
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	34,939	47,206	26,052
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	115	65	60	64,455	31,735	32,715
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	62,000	30,535	31,460
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	52,761	67,655	38,302
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	62,025	30,540	31,485
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	43,948	54,930	33,296
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	57,455	29,055	28,400
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	51,087	66,304	35,516
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	38,765	15,415	23,350
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	8,667	9,053	8,412
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	47,540	24,835	22,710
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	47,983	61,364	33,350
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	x	x	x	64,455	31,740	32,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	x	x	x	20,365	11,910	8,460
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	x	x	x	55,098	65,623	44,142
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	x	x	x	67,094	79,133	50,139
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	x	x	x	89.5	92.9	83.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	x	x	x	70.2	73.8	64.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	x	x	x	10.5	7.1	16.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	x	x	x	64,455	31,720	32,740
Without total income	x	x	x	2,435	1,150	1,285
With total income	x	x	x	62,020	30,570	31,455
Percentage with total income	x	x	x	96.2	96.4	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	7,275	2,515	4,765
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	8,885	3,140	5,740
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	9,625	3,560	6,065
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	7,190	3,065	4,125
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	6,200	3,005	3,195
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	5,000	2,755	2,250
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	3,965	2,485	1,485
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	3,055	2,040	1,015
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	2,255	1,520	735
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,870	1,220	655
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	6,700	5,270	1,430
$100,000 to $149,999	x	x	x	4,545	3,425	1,120
$150,000 and over	x	x	x	2,155	1,840	310
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	x	x	64,455	31,715	32,735
Without after-tax income	x	x	x	2,415	1,145	1,265
With after-tax income	x	x	x	62,040	30,570	31,470
Percentage with after-tax income	x	x	x	96.3	96.4	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	7,500	2,575	4,925
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	9,315	3,280	6,030
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	10,950	4,155	6,795
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	8,545	3,865	4,680
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	7,095	3,795	3,300
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	5,285	3,280	2,010
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	3,790	2,540	1,250
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	2,680	1,760	915
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	6,875	5,325	1,555
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	2,070	1,420	650
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,405	1,070	335
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	3,400	2,840	565
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	x	x	x	64,455	31,720	32,735
Without employment income	x	x	x	16,915	6,795	10,115
With employment income	x	x	x	47,545	24,920	22,620
Percentage with employment income	x	x	x	73.8	78.6	69.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	6,305	2,850	3,455
$5,000 to $9,999	x	x	x	3,585	1,445	2,135
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	6,015	2,400	3,620
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	5,460	2,130	3,330
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	4,800	2,095	2,710
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	4,340	2,110	2,230
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	3,525	1,990	1,530
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	2,840	1,830	1,010
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	2,220	1,535	675
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	8,450	6,530	1,925
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	1,760	1,250	515
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,610	1,030	585
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	5,080	4,255	830
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	75	...	...	33,230	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	46,720	...	...	75,141	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	44,800	...	...	66,184	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	9,040	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	36,623	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	33,067	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	24,190	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	93,099	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	81,014	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	x	...	...	33,230	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	98,438	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	82,031	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	9,040	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	50,063	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	42,050	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	24,190	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	116,517	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	96,973	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	x	...	...	33,230	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	380	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	345	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	500	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	1,785	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	1,150	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	1,250	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	1,515	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	1,385	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	1,285	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	2,565	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	2,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	2,115	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	2,025	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	1,860	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	11,725	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	3,695	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	2,720	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	x	...	...	2,905	...	...
$200,000 and over	x	...	...	2,395	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	...	...	33,230	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	420	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	345	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	520	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	985	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	1,905	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	1,320	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	1,495	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	1,720	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	1,610	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	1,510	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	3,070	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	2,730	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	2,545	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	2,305	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	1,960	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	8,795	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	3,675	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	2,150	...	...
$150,000 and over	x	...	...	2,970	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	x	...	...	23,240	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	92,585	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	80,617	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.3	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	10,290	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	85,350	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	74,725	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	9,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	119,342	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	101,278	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	3,280	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	50,944	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	47,756	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	x	...	...	23,205	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	116,923	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	97,168	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	10,285	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	115,529	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	95,080	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	9,270	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	137,849	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	114,323	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	3,215	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	62,702	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	55,483	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	11,955	5,975	5,980
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	34,591	41,199	29,946
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	31,436	36,171	28,012
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	x	x	x	11,950	5,925	6,025
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	46,679	53,196	40,273
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	39,417	43,652	35,254
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	x	x	x	79,665	39,565	40,100
In the bottom half of the distribution	x	x	x	36,955	17,425	19,530
In the bottom decile	x	x	x	5,990	2,830	3,165
In the second decile	x	x	x	7,350	3,200	4,155
In the third decile	x	x	x	8,145	3,785	4,360
In the fourth decile	x	x	x	7,660	3,730	3,935
In the fifth decile	x	x	x	7,800	3,875	3,925
In the top half of the distribution	x	x	x	42,715	22,145	20,570
In the sixth decile	x	x	x	7,795	3,980	3,820
In the seventh decile	x	x	x	8,220	4,185	4,040
In the eighth decile	x	x	x	8,455	4,360	4,095
In the ninth decile	x	x	x	8,970	4,695	4,275
In the top decile	x	x	x	9,270	4,930	4,340
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	x	x	x	79,665	39,570	40,100
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	18,170	9,365	8,805
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	5,965	3,095	2,870
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	49,420	24,525	24,890
65 years and over	x	x	x	12,080	5,680	6,405
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	x	x	x	8,970	4,060	4,910
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	2,855	1,495	1,355
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	1,020	535	490
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	4,990	2,185	2,805
65 years and over	x	x	x	1,125	380	745
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	x	x	x	11.3	10.3	12.2
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	15.7	16.0	15.4
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	17.1	17.3	17.1
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	10.1	8.9	11.3
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	9.3	6.7	11.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	x	x	x	4,640	2,220	2,425
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	1,480	775	705
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	520	265	250
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	2,950	1,355	1,600
65 years and over	x	x	x	215	90	125
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	5.8	5.6	6.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	8.1	8.3	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	8.7	8.6	8.7
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	6.0	5.5	6.4
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	1.8	1.6	2.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	130	70	60	79,665	39,570	40,100
Official languages	130	70	60	79,080	39,290	39,795
English	130	70	60	79,065	39,280	39,785
French	10	0	10	2,755	1,315	1,440
Non-official languages	0	0	0	9,435	4,665	4,770
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	65	15	45
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	55	15	40
Blackfoot	0	0	0	15	0	15
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	9,390	4,655	4,730
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	435	210	230
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	430	205	225
Amharic	0	0	0	35	20	10
Arabic	0	0	0	380	165	215
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	20	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	125	70	60
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	50	20	25
Vietnamese	0	0	0	75	45	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	635	265	370
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	630	265	370
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	125	75	50
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	105	65	35
Tamil	0	0	0	40	20	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	7,165	3,625	3,540
Albanian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	685	330	360
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	680	325	355
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	155	75	80
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Czech	0	0	0	50	25	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	110	50	60
Russian	0	0	0	165	75	85
Serbian	0	0	0	35	20	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovak	0	0	0	30	10	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	150	65	80
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	15	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	0	0	0	4,555	2,295	2,260
Afrikaans	0	0	0	155	90	60
Danish	0	0	0	20	0	10
Dutch	0	0	0	395	175	225
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	10
German	0	0	0	3,905	1,980	1,930
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	20	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	110	120
Greek	0	0	0	75	40	40
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	420	235	190
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	415	230	185
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	55	35	25
Hindi	0	0	0	200	105	95
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nepali	0	0	0	60	25	30
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	140	65	70
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	35	20	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,615	865	755
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	115	45	70
Portuguese	0	0	0	60	30	30
Romanian	0	0	0	70	35	30
Spanish	0	0	0	1,385	765	625
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	85	35	50
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	50	15	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	155	75	75
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	10	15
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	35	10	30
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	30	25	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	35	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Dinka	0	0	0	15	0	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	20	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	105	35	75
American Sign Language	0	0	0	40	0	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	25	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	405	205	195
Chinese languages	0	0	0	400	205	195
Cantonese	0	0	0	165	90	70
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	235	115	125
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	20	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	85	35	45
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	80	40	35
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	70	40	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	130	70	60	79,665	39,570	40,100
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	130	70	60	76,320	37,850	38,470
Canadian citizens aged under 18	15	10	10	17,460	8,980	8,480
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	110	60	55	58,860	28,875	29,985
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	3,350	1,715	1,635
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	130	70	60	79,665	39,565	40,100
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	130	70	60	71,150	35,240	35,910
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	7,465	3,805	3,655
Before 1981	0	0	0	2,135	1,045	1,095
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	750	380	375
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	1,060	590	470
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	1,980	1,050	930
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	880	460	420
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	1,100	595	510
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	1,535	745	790
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	1,050	520	530
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	7,465	3,805	3,660
Under 5 years	0	0	0	1,145	585	555
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	1,505	735	765
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	1,675	795	875
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	2,695	1,440	1,255
45 years and over	0	0	0	445	240	200
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	7,460	3,810	3,660
Americas	0	0	0	2,480	1,220	1,260
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	100	50	45
El Salvador	0	0	0	150	85	65
Guyana	0	0	0	15	0	15
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	25	20	10
Mexico	0	0	0	1,320	645	675
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	545	260	285
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	305	155	145
Europe	0	0	0	2,900	1,590	1,310
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	140	75	65
Croatia	0	0	0	30	10	15
France	0	0	0	15	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	440	250	185
Greece	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hungary	0	0	0	40	20	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Italy	0	0	0	45	25	20
Netherlands	0	0	0	330	145	180
Poland	0	0	0	120	55	60
Portugal	0	0	0	45	20	25
Romania	0	0	0	75	45	35
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	0	15
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	90	40	45
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	1,215	725	495
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	200	115	85
Africa	0	0	0	495	250	240
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	55	25	25
Ethiopia	0	0	0	35	15	15
Kenya	0	0	0	10	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	60	40	20
Somalia	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	150	75	70
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	185	85	105
Asia	0	0	0	1,545	725	820
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	160	90	70
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	60	25	35
India	0	0	0	225	125	105
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	25	15	15
Japan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Philippines	0	0	0	535	220	315
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	20	10	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	110	40	65
Taiwan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Viet Nam	0	0	0	75	45	35
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	200	100	100
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	50	20	30
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	1,535	745	790
Americas	0	0	0	425	175	250
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	50	20	30
Cuba	0	0	0	45	20	20
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	205	75	130
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	60	25	30
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	50	20	30
Europe	0	0	0	235	155	80
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	110	90	25
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	60	30	30
Africa	0	0	0	85	35	45
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	25	10	15
Somalia	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	0	10
Asia	0	0	0	785	375	410
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	115	70	45
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	20	0	15
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	375	175	200
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	20	20	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	105	40	70
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	65	35	35
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	130	70	60	79,670	39,570	40,100
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	8,875	4,525	4,345
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	0	0	0	12,875	6,305	6,570
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	130	70	60	57,920	28,735	29,185
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	5,435	2,825	2,615
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	2,390	1,275	1,115
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	890	625	270
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	1,495	650	845
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	1,890	950	935
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,090	565	520
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	70	35	40
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	130	70	60	79,665	39,565	40,100
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	30	25	10	3,705	1,785	1,920
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	20	15	0	3,660	1,770	1,885
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	20	15	10	1,255	565	685
Métis	0	0	0	2,380	1,190	1,190
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	15	0	15
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	100	45	55	75,965	37,780	38,185
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	130	70	60	79,670	39,570	40,100
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	0	0	880	365	515
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	115	60	55	78,790	39,200	39,580
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	130	70	60	79,665	39,565	40,100
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	775	370	400
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	760	360	400
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	365	140	220
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	395	210	180
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	20	15	0	4,095	1,985	2,110
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	10	0	0	3,920	1,900	2,015
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	1,955	970	985
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	1,905	915	990
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	55	15	40
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	180	85	95
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	150	75	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	110	55	55	74,800	37,210	37,585
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	130	70	60	79,665	39,565	40,100
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	4,550	2,205	2,345
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	695	370	325
Chinese	0	0	0	550	265	285
Black	0	0	0	925	500	420
Filipino	0	0	0	750	325	425
Latin American	0	0	0	675	320	355
Arab	0	0	0	225	95	125
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	270	145	125
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	30	10	25
Korean	0	0	0	50	20	30
Japanese	0	0	0	150	50	95
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	95	55	40
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	135	45	100
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	125	65	60	75,120	37,365	37,750
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	130	70	60	79,670	39,570	40,100
North American Aboriginal origins	20	15	10	4,870	2,355	2,515
First Nations (North American Indian)	20	15	0	2,485	1,195	1,290
Inuit	10	0	0	95	35	55
Métis	0	0	0	2,480	1,210	1,270
Other North American origins	110	65	45	22,295	11,040	11,250
Acadian	0	0	0	65	50	15
American	0	0	0	1,495	720	780
Canadian	110	60	50	21,315	10,550	10,765
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	50	35	20
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	10
European origins	25	15	10	64,005	31,660	32,345
British Isles origins	20	15	10	35,140	17,155	17,980
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	25	10	15	19,505	9,540	9,975
Irish	0	0	0	12,275	5,670	6,610
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	0	0	10	14,975	7,340	7,630
Welsh	0	0	0	1,580	730	845
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	2,035	920	1,120
French origins	0	0	0	7,770	3,660	4,110
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	0	0	0	7,770	3,655	4,110
Western European origins (except French origins)	0	10	0	34,855	17,255	17,600
Austrian	0	0	0	725	405	325
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	590	280	310
Dutch	0	0	0	4,180	2,150	2,030
Flemish	0	0	0	35	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	0	10	0	31,090	15,340	15,745
Luxembourger	0	0	0	15	0	10
Swiss	0	0	0	410	235	175
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	8,035	3,795	4,240
Danish	0	0	0	1,150	550	600
Finnish	0	0	0	345	155	190
Icelandic	0	0	0	280	90	190
Norwegian	0	0	0	4,785	2,325	2,460
Swedish	0	0	0	1,935	865	1,070
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	385	200	185
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	14,905	7,360	7,545
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Czech	0	0	0	300	145	155
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	230	100	130
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,185	535	645
Latvian	0	0	0	60	25	35
Lithuanian	0	0	0	95	40	50
Moldovan	0	0	0	45	30	15
Polish	0	0	0	3,240	1,475	1,765
Romanian	0	0	0	825	395	435
Russian	0	0	0	5,110	2,560	2,550
Slovak	0	0	0	185	75	110
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5,875	3,025	2,855
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern European origins	0	0	0	3,110	1,655	1,455
Albanian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Bosnian	0	0	0	170	90	80
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	155	85	75
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	200	100	100
Italian	0	0	0	1,565	860	705
Kosovar	0	0	0	15	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	225	110	115
Serbian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	50	35	15
Spanish	0	0	0	595	300	300
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	105	45	55
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	290	125	165
Basque	0	0	0	15	10	10
Jewish	0	0	0	135	45	90
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	125	70	50
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	440	235	205
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	110	75	40
Dominican	0	0	0	15	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	175	90	90
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	1,700	845	855
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chilean	0	0	0	140	85	60
Colombian	0	0	0	180	90	85
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Guyanese	0	0	0	20	0	20
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	10
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	1,070	525	545
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	25	10	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	125	65	60
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	80	50	30
African origins	0	0	0	945	465	475
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	145	70	70
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Liberian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	75	45	35
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	230	100	130
Algerian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	85	25	60
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	105	60	50
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	325	170	155
Afrikaner	0	0	0	15	0	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	0	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	10	0
South African	0	0	0	140	80	60
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	45	15	30
Zulu	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	30	25	10
Other African origins	0	0	0	290	150	145
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	25	20	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	270	125	145
Asian origins	0	0	0	3,190	1,475	1,715
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	415	205	210
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	45	30	10
Armenian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	25	0	15
Iraqi	0	0	0	30	20	10
Israeli	0	0	0	25	15	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	110	40	65
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	165	80	90
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	805	410	395
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	605	310	295
Goan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	65	30	35
Pakistani	0	0	0	25	0	15
Punjabi	0	0	0	35	25	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	30	20	15
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	15	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	1,990	870	1,120
Burmese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	75	35	40
Chinese	0	0	0	765	340	425
Filipino	0	0	0	795	335	450
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Japanese	0	0	0	185	60	125
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	60	25	30
Laotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	75	35	40
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	130	60	70
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	160	90	70
Australian	0	0	0	115	65	55
New Zealander	0	0	0	30	20	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	65	...	...	33,230	...	...
Owner	60	...	...	24,445	...	...
Renter	0	...	...	8,780	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	65	...	...	33,230	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	4,165	...	...
Not condominium	65	...	...	29,065	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	65	...	...	33,230	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	55	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	2,520	...	...
2 bedrooms	25	...	...	7,575	...	...
3 bedrooms	15	...	...	10,755	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	20	...	...	12,320	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	65	...	...	33,230	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	25	...	...	6,020	...	...
5 rooms	15	...	...	4,585	...	...
6 rooms	0	...	...	4,490	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	5,080	...	...
8 or more rooms	20	...	...	13,045	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	65	...	...	33,230	...	...
One person or fewer per room	65	...	...	32,975	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	255	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	65	...	...	33,230	...	...
Suitable	70	...	...	32,515	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	710	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	65	...	...	33,230	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	6,315	...	...
1961 to 1980	45	...	...	10,320	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	3,800	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	4,500	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	2,995	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	3,865	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	1,430	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	65	...	...	33,230	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	55	...	...	31,330	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	1,900	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	70	...	...	33,230	...	...
1 household maintainer	50	...	...	20,395	...	...
2 household maintainers	15	...	...	12,285	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	555	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	65	...	...	33,230	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	1,280	...	...
25 to 34 years	0	...	...	5,175	...	...
35 to 44 years	15	...	...	5,815	...	...
45 to 54 years	10	...	...	6,130	...	...
55 to 64 years	10	...	...	6,815	...	...
65 to 74 years	10	...	...	4,415	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	2,625	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	975	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	32,355	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	26,170	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	6,180	...	...
30% to less than 100%	x	...	...	5,560	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	65	...	...	23,710	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	57.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	12.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	350	...	...	996	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	450	...	...	1,105	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	60,005	...	...	280,102	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	66,032	...	...	315,971	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	8,750	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	12.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	37.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	913	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	954	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	115	60	55	64,455	31,740	32,720
No certificate, diploma or degree	60	35	30	14,255	7,440	6,815
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	25	10	10	19,955	9,920	10,035
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30	15	20	30,245	14,375	15,870
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	10	7,075	5,495	1,580
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	0	0	2,000	1,205	795
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	5,075	4,285	785
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15	10	0	14,110	5,165	8,940
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	1,380	485	890
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	10	7,685	3,235	4,455
Bachelor's degree	0	0	10	5,655	2,185	3,470
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	345	135	210
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	260	185	80
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,230	605	630
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	195	130	65
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	75	40	35	42,855	21,240	21,615
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	20	10	6,450	3,635	2,820
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15	10	10	12,870	6,555	6,315
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35	15	15	23,535	11,055	12,480
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	0	10	5,185	4,105	1,080
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	0	10	1,325	840	485
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	3,860	3,265	595
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15	15	0	11,240	4,180	7,065
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	930	365	565
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	10	6,180	2,405	3,775
Bachelor's degree	10	0	10	4,620	1,675	2,945
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	270	105	165
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	215	135	80
Master's degree	0	0	0	960	415	540
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	115	70	45
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	120	60	55	64,455	31,735	32,720
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	85	45	35	34,210	17,360	16,850
Education	10	0	10	2,405	620	1,785
13. Education	10	0	10	2,405	625	1,790
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	635	245	390
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	155	110	40
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	480	135	345
Humanities	0	0	0	835	380	450
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	35	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	120	40	80
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	225	75	150
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	50	25	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	325	190	135
54. History	0	0	0	65	45	20
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	1,885	505	1,375
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	0	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	120	45	75
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	700	60	645
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	325	105	215
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	25	10	20
42. Psychology	0	0	0	285	85	200
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	395	200	195
Business, management and public administration	0	0	0	6,050	1,605	4,445
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	575	100	475
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	0	5,460	1,500	3,960
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	630	370	265
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	255	115	140
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	125	65	65
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	170	140	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	75	50	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	580	400	185
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	490	360	135
25. Library science	0	0	0	50	0	45
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	35	25	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	0	8,050	7,665	385
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	50	30	20
14. Engineering	0	0	0	570	485	80
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,475	1,325	145
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	1,955	1,935	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	2,925	2,850	75
48. Precision production	0	0	0	1,080	1,040	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	1,095	685	410
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	770	495	270
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	330	190	140
Health and related fields	0	0	0	5,760	890	4,870
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	270	140	125
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	5,375	670	4,705
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	115	80	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	2,320	1,020	1,305
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	1,295	250	1,040
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	15	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	30	25	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	595	380	215
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	385	345	45
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	75	40	35	42,855	21,240	21,615
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	40	25	20	19,325	10,190	9,135
Education	10	0	10	1,650	385	1,260
13. Education	10	0	10	1,650	390	1,260
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	505	175	330
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	115	70	40
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	395	105	285
Humanities	0	0	0	585	255	330
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	30	10	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	100	35	70
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	170	60	110
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	40	20	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	210	110	95
54. History	0	0	0	35	25	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	1,550	390	1,155
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	85	35	45
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	600	40	560
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	245	80	165
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	25	10	15
42. Psychology	0	0	0	230	80	160
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	335	150	190
Business, management and public administration	10	0	10	4,850	1,255	3,595
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	475	75	405
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	0	4,355	1,180	3,175
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	435	225	205
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	190	80	110
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	80	35	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	110	85	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	55	30	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	490	330	160
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	430	305	125
25. Library science	0	0	0	35	10	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	25	15	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	10	6,300	5,955	345
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	30	10	20
14. Engineering	0	0	0	465	395	70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,285	1,150	135
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	0	10	1,465	1,445	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	2,270	2,205	65
48. Precision production	0	0	0	785	750	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	875	550	325
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	605	385	215
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	275	165	105
Health and related fields	0	0	0	4,435	705	3,730
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	210	110	100
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	4,135	540	3,595
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	90	60	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	1,860	815	1,045
12. Personal and culinary services	0	10	0	995	190	800
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	525	320	205
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	325	295	40
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	120	60	55	64,455	31,735	32,715
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	90	45	40	34,210	17,365	16,850
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30	15	20	30,245	14,375	15,870
Location of study inside Canada	30	15	15	27,495	12,975	14,520
Same as province or territory of residence	30	15	15	21,225	10,070	11,150
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	6,270	2,900	3,370
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	2,755	1,405	1,350
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	875	435	435
Philippines	0	0	0	270	120	155
India	0	0	0	205	90	110
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	450	270	180
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	40	20	25
France	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other	0	0	0	905	460	445
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	75	40	35	42,855	21,240	21,615
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45	25	20	19,325	10,185	9,130
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30	15	15	23,535	11,055	12,480
Location of study inside Canada	30	15	15	21,330	9,995	11,335
Same as province or territory of residence	30	15	15	16,850	7,995	8,860
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	4,480	2,005	2,475
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	2,210	1,055	1,150
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	615	250	365
Philippines	0	0	0	255	105	150
India	0	0	0	195	90	105
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	375	230	145
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	35	15	15
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	725	365	365
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	120	60	60	64,455	31,735	32,720
In the labour force	65	35	25	42,575	22,880	19,690
Employed	35	25	10	38,495	20,030	18,465
Unemployed	30	15	20	4,080	2,855	1,225
Not in the labour force	50	25	30	21,880	8,855	13,030
Participation rate	54.2	58.3	41.7	66.1	72.1	60.2
Employment rate	29.2	41.7	16.7	59.7	63.1	56.4
Unemployment rate	46.2	42.9	80.0	9.6	12.5	6.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	120	60	55	64,455	31,735	32,715
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	40	15	25	19,185	7,550	11,635
Worked	80	50	35	45,270	24,190	21,085
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	10	0	0	21,080	12,415	8,665
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	70	40	30	24,190	11,775	12,415
Average weeks worked in reference year	20.8	22.1	18.7	41.8	42.2	41.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	65	35	25	42,570	22,885	19,690
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	545	315	230
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	65	35	25	42,030	22,570	19,460
Employee	55	25	30	36,305	18,830	17,480
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	10	10	0	5,725	3,745	1,980
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	65	40	30	42,570	22,880	19,690
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	540	310	230
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	65	35	25	42,030	22,570	19,460
0 Management occupations	0	0	0	4,400	2,900	1,500
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10	0	10	5,385	1,150	4,235
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	1,815	1,520	300
3 Health occupations	0	0	0	3,390	555	2,835
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10	0	10	4,060	1,245	2,815
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	695	220	480
6 Sales and service occupations	15	0	10	9,930	3,875	6,055
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10	0	0	7,975	7,480	500
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	25	0	2,720	2,215	500
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	1,660	1,415	245
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	60	35	25	42,570	22,885	19,690
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	540	310	230
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	65	40	30	42,030	22,575	19,455
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	30	20	10	2,380	1,600	780
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	2,785	2,540	245
22 Utilities	0	0	0	190	185	10
23 Construction	0	0	0	4,310	3,735	575
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	1,875	1,520	350
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	1,115	765	350
44-45 Retail trade	0	0	0	5,185	2,350	2,840
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	1,805	1,325	480
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	505	270	230
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	940	285	655
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	570	305	265
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	1,900	955	945
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	40	10	30
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	1,265	730	535
61 Educational services	0	0	0	2,695	610	2,085
62 Health care and social assistance	15	0	10	5,320	785	4,530
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	895	470	430
72 Accommodation and food services	15	0	15	3,160	1,170	1,990
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	2,180	1,110	1,070
91 Public administration	0	0	0	2,905	1,850	1,055
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	35	30	10	38,490	20,030	18,460
Worked at home	10	10	0	3,035	1,445	1,590
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	95	75	20
No fixed workplace address	25	25	10	5,840	4,690	1,155
Worked at usual place	10	0	10	29,525	13,820	15,705
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	0	0	10	29,525	13,825	15,700
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	0	0	0	21,435	9,280	12,155
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	10	6,555	3,445	3,105
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	1,230	910	320
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	305	180	120
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	30	20	10	35,370	18,510	16,855
Car, truck, van - as a driver	20	15	0	30,880	16,235	14,640
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	0	0	0	1,755	895	865
Public transit	0	0	0	650	275	380
Walked	10	0	10	1,240	535	705
Bicycle	0	0	0	250	185	70
Other method	0	0	0	595	395	205
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	30	20	10	35,370	18,515	16,855
Less than 15 minutes	20	10	10	17,955	8,390	9,570
15 to 29 minutes	10	10	0	11,965	6,280	5,690
30 to 44 minutes	0	0	0	2,600	1,615	980
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	1,055	680	380
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	1,785	1,550	235
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	30	20	10	35,365	18,510	16,850
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	2,160	1,645	515
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	0	0	0	6,785	4,670	2,120
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	0	0	0	10,890	6,060	4,825
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10	0	10	7,020	2,485	4,530
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	10	0	3,175	1,190	1,990
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	0	10	0	5,340	2,465	2,870
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	80	55	30	46,645	24,790	21,845
Single responses	85	50	30	46,535	24,745	21,785
Official languages	85	55	35	46,330	24,610	21,715
English	85	50	30	46,265	24,595	21,670
French	0	0	0	65	15	50
Non-official languages	0	0	0	210	140	70
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	205	140	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	150	115	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	135	100	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	105	80	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	25	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	35	10	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	105	45	60
English and French	0	0	0	35	10	25
English and non-official language	0	0	0	65	35	35
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	85	50	30	46,645	24,795	21,845
None	85	50	35	45,645	24,155	21,490
English	0	0	0	205	120	85
French	0	0	0	225	130	100
Non-official language	0	0	0	535	370	165
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	530	370	160
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	130	70	60	78,645	39,005	39,635
Non-movers	130	70	60	67,085	33,310	33,780
Movers	0	0	0	11,555	5,700	5,860
Non-migrants	0	0	0	7,420	3,720	3,705
Migrants	0	0	0	4,140	1,980	2,155
Internal migrants	0	0	0	3,555	1,725	1,830
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	2,460	1,230	1,225
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,095	495	605
External migrants	0	0	0	585	260	325
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	125	70	60	74,750	37,065	37,685
Non-movers	110	50	55	43,745	21,850	21,895
Movers	15	15	0	31,000	15,215	15,790
Non-migrants	0	0	0	17,470	8,655	8,815
Migrants	15	10	10	13,530	6,560	6,970
Internal migrants	15	10	0	11,485	5,560	5,930
Intraprovincial migrants	20	10	0	7,160	3,470	3,685
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	4,330	2,080	2,250
External migrants	0	0	0	2,040	1,000	1,040

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^E

use with caution
After the release of the 2016 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, issues affecting the data are occasionally uncovered. It is not possible to make changes to the 2016 or 2011 Census data presented in release tables.
Refer to the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Division No. 9, Subd. H, SNO [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Division No. 1, CDR [Census division], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 18, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Division No. 1, Census division [Census division], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Division No. 1, Census division [Census division], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Division No. 1, Census division [Census division], Alberta