Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Cape Breton [Economic region], Nova Scotia

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Division No. 9, Subd. H, SNO Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]			Cape Breton Nova Scotia [Economic region]
	Data quality , Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Change geography 1			Data quality : Cape Breton [Economic region], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	159	...	...	132,010	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	179 ^rE	...	...	135,974	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-11.2 ^E	...	...	-2.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	221	...	...	66,640	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	76	...	...	57,516	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.1	...	...	12.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,134.58	...	...	10,405.98	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	160	90	70	132,010	63,080	68,925
0 to 14 years	15	10	5	18,310	9,345	8,960
0 to 4 years	5	0	0	5,495	2,745	2,750
5 to 9 years	10	5	5	6,240	3,260	2,980
10 to 14 years	5	5	5	6,570	3,340	3,230
15 to 64 years	100	55	45	82,500	39,720	42,780
15 to 19 years	5	0	5	7,320	3,755	3,560
20 to 24 years	5	0	5	7,145	3,630	3,510
25 to 29 years	5	5	5	6,190	3,070	3,120
30 to 34 years	5	5	5	5,945	2,855	3,090
35 to 39 years	10	5	0	6,385	2,860	3,520
40 to 44 years	5	5	5	7,295	3,365	3,925
45 to 49 years	15	10	5	8,210	3,925	4,285
50 to 54 years	20	15	10	10,570	4,910	5,660
55 to 59 years	5	10	5	11,780	5,600	6,175
60 to 64 years	15	5	10	11,675	5,750	5,930
65 years and over	45	25	20	31,195	14,015	17,185
65 to 69 years	25	10	15	10,710	5,230	5,485
70 to 74 years	10	10	5	7,550	3,555	3,995
75 to 79 years	5	5	5	5,535	2,510	3,030
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	3,765	1,565	2,200
85 years and over	5	0	5	3,635	1,155	2,480
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	2,180	780	1,400
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	1,095	300	795
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	310	70	240
100 years and over	0	0	0	55	5	45
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9.4	11.1	7.1	13.9	14.8	13.0
15 to 64 years	62.5	61.1	64.3	62.5	63.0	62.1
65 years and over	28.1	27.8	28.6	23.6	22.2	24.9
85 years and over	3.1	0.0	7.1	2.8	1.8	3.6
Average age of the population	49.4	48.3	50.8	45.7	44.5	46.7
Median age of the population	53.1	51.8	54.5	49.6	48.5	50.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	75	...	...	57,520	...	...
Single-detached house	70	...	...	43,675	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	210	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5	...	...	11,435	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	3,145	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	770	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	2,110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	5,285	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	130	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	2,190	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	80	...	...	57,515	...	...
1 person	15	...	...	17,755	...	...
2 persons	40	...	...	21,665	...	...
3 persons	10	...	...	8,810	...	...
4 persons	5	...	...	6,000	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	3,285	...	...
Number of persons in private households	160	...	...	129,520	...	...
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	145	80	65	113,705	53,735	59,960
Married or living common law	95	50	45	60,545	30,275	30,270
Married	70	35	30	51,100	25,560	25,545
Living common law	30	10	15	9,440	4,715	4,725
Not married and not living common law	50	30	20	53,160	23,460	29,695
Never married	30	20	15	32,255	16,820	15,435
Separated	5	0	0	3,945	1,630	2,315
Divorced	5	0	0	7,115	2,975	4,140
Widowed	15	5	10	9,840	2,040	7,805
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	55	...	...	38,955	...	...
2 persons	40	...	...	22,700	...	...
3 persons	10	...	...	8,615	...	...
4 persons	5	...	...	5,375	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	2,270	...	...
Average size of census families	2.3	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	60	...	...	38,960	...	...
Total couple families	50	...	...	29,755	...	...
Married couples	35	...	...	25,035	...	...
Common-law couples	15	...	...	4,725	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	15	...	...	9,205	...	...
Female parent	10	...	...	7,555	...	...
Male parent	5	...	...	1,650	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	29,755	...	...
Couples without children	35	...	...	17,070	...	...
Couples with children	10	...	...	12,690	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	6,145	...	...
2 children	0	...	...	4,585	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	1,955	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	9,200	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	5,635	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	2,470	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	1,105	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	20	15	5	24,590	11,205	13,385
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	75	...	...	57,515	...	...
One-census-family households	55	...	...	36,930	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	35	...	...	16,405	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	25	...	...	20,530	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	1,000	...	...
Non-census-family households	15	...	...	19,585	...	...
One-person households	15	...	...	17,755	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	0	...	...	1,830	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	160	90	70	130,085	62,410	67,675
English only	155	90	70	119,570	57,745	61,820
French only	0	0	0	100	35	65
English and French	0	0	5	10,305	4,575	5,730
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	110	55	50
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	160	90	70	130,085	62,410	67,675
English	155	85	70	125,280	60,150	65,135
French	0	0	0	4,550	2,135	2,420
English and French	0	0	0	155	80	75
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	95	50	45
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	4,635	2,175	2,460
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.6	3.5	3.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	160	90	70	130,085	62,410	67,675
Single responses	160	90	70	129,230	62,000	67,230
Official languages	160	90	70	123,485	59,150	64,330
English	160	90	70	118,730	56,940	61,790
French	0	0	0	4,755	2,210	2,545
Non-official languages	0	0	0	5,740	2,850	2,895
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	3,685	1,755	1,930
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	3,680	1,750	1,930
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	3,675	1,750	1,920
Malecite	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	3,665	1,745	1,920
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	2,055	1,095	960
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	180	115	65
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	180	120	65
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	175	115	60
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	115	50	65
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	100	45	55
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	15	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	1,080	555	530
Albanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	140	55	85
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	135	50	85
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	45	20	30
Russian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	95	45	45
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	85	40	45
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	480	250	230
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dutch	0	0	0	135	70	65
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	0	0	0	305	160	145
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	50	30	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	170	105	65
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	155	100	55
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	90	60	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	155	70	80
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	60	25	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	45	25	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	470	265	205
Chinese languages	0	0	0	470	265	205
Cantonese	0	0	0	60	30	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	335	195	145
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	45	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	860	410	445
English and French	0	0	0	435	205	230
English and non-official language	0	0	0	405	200	210
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	155	85	70	130,090	62,410	67,675
Single responses	155	90	70	129,170	61,980	67,195
Official languages	160	85	70	125,780	60,225	65,555
English	160	85	70	123,230	59,055	64,175
French	0	0	0	2,550	1,165	1,380
Non-official languages	0	0	0	3,390	1,750	1,640
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	2,450	1,225	1,230
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	2,450	1,225	1,225
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	2,450	1,220	1,225
Malecite	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	2,445	1,220	1,230
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	940	530	410
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	120	70	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	115	70	45
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	120	70	50
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	45	25	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	345	180	165
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	35	15	15
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	135	75	60
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	120	65	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	100	55	45
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	90	55	40
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	5	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	70	40	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	20	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	330	190	140
Chinese languages	0	0	0	330	190	135
Cantonese	0	0	0	35	20	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	250	145	110
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	915	435	480
English and French	0	0	0	280	120	160
English and non-official language	0	0	0	625	310	310
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	160	90	70	130,085	62,410	67,670
None	160	90	70	122,935	59,105	63,835
English	0	0	0	2,845	1,400	1,445
French	0	0	0	1,870	810	1,060
Non-official language	0	0	0	2,390	1,085	1,305
Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,615	710	905
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	770	370	400
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	145	80	65	111,230	52,835	58,395
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	106,765	50,685	56,075
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	28,697	33,819	24,628
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	106,780	50,685	56,095
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	26,444	30,402	23,341
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	87,195	42,755	44,440
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	24,540	28,904	21,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	88,765	40,630	48,130
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	10,218	11,292	9,586
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	67,910	33,690	34,215
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	25,753	29,731	22,797
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	115	65	60	111,230	52,825	58,405
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	106,575	50,535	56,045
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	36,794	43,120	31,091
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	106,590	50,535	56,060
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	31,188	35,694	27,126
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	86,990	42,675	44,315
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	34,217	40,380	28,283
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	88,405	40,405	48,005
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	10,689	11,284	10,189
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	67,905	33,780	34,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	35,275	41,356	29,256
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	x	x	x	111,230	52,825	58,405
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	x	x	x	25,620	12,480	13,145
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	x	x	x	45,282	51,888	41,222
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	x	x	x	53,083	58,963	47,502
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	x	x	x	76.1	79.1	72.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	x	x	x	60.8	63.5	57.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	x	x	x	23.9	20.9	27.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	x	x	x	111,230	52,835	58,395
Without total income	x	x	x	4,470	2,155	2,315
With total income	x	x	x	106,765	50,685	56,080
Percentage with total income	x	x	x	96.0	95.9	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	15,625	6,675	8,945
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	21,005	7,715	13,285
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	18,900	8,050	10,850
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	15,110	7,180	7,930
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	10,920	5,450	5,470
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	7,325	4,140	3,185
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	4,905	3,140	1,765
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	3,840	2,245	1,595
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	3,020	1,655	1,365
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,830	1,140	695
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	4,265	3,290	975
$100,000 to $149,999	x	x	x	3,170	2,365	810
$150,000 and over	x	x	x	1,100	930	170
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	x	x	111,230	52,835	58,395
Without after-tax income	x	x	x	4,450	2,150	2,300
With after-tax income	x	x	x	106,780	50,685	56,095
Percentage with after-tax income	x	x	x	96.0	95.9	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	16,080	6,780	9,300
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	22,255	8,295	13,965
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	22,480	9,900	12,580
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	17,455	8,475	8,980
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	11,000	6,095	4,905
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	6,695	4,190	2,500
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	4,700	2,600	2,105
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	2,520	1,605	920
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	3,590	2,745	845
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	1,365	980	385
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	720	550	170
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	1,510	1,220	295
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	x	x	x	111,230	52,835	58,395
Without employment income	x	x	x	43,325	19,145	24,175
With employment income	x	x	x	67,905	33,690	34,215
Percentage with employment income	x	x	x	61.0	63.8	58.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	9,640	4,345	5,295
$5,000 to $9,999	x	x	x	6,850	2,870	3,985
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	11,850	5,505	6,345
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	9,320	4,235	5,090
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	7,650	3,420	4,230
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	5,710	2,750	2,960
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	4,410	2,525	1,890
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	3,105	1,975	1,130
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	2,605	1,470	1,135
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	6,755	4,600	2,160
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	2,365	1,230	1,140
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,370	895	480
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	3,020	2,475	545
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	75	...	...	57,515	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	46,720	...	...	53,862	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	44,800	...	...	48,384	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	17,750	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	25,574	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	24,309	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	39,765	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	70,731	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	62,378	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	x	...	...	57,515	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	68,180	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	57,799	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	17,735	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	34,348	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	29,577	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	39,785	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	83,260	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	70,378	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	x	...	...	57,515	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	850	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	1,430	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	2,145	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	3,665	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	3,615	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	3,070	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	3,405	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	3,185	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	2,920	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	2,610	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	4,730	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	4,190	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	3,660	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	3,210	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,535	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	12,300	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	4,840	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	3,015	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	x	...	...	2,925	...	...
$200,000 and over	x	...	...	1,525	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	...	...	57,515	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	875	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	1,435	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	2,180	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	3,840	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	4,025	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	3,540	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	3,880	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	3,640	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	3,195	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	3,105	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	5,650	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	4,790	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	3,895	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	3,165	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,440	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	7,860	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	4,110	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	1,985	...	...
$150,000 and over	x	...	...	1,770	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	x	...	...	38,665	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	70,672	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	62,310	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	15,945	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	66,409	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	58,485	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	13,010	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	101,308	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	86,574	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	8,430	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	43,034	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	40,825	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	x	...	...	38,710	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	83,227	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	70,317	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	16,035	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	75,507	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	63,851	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	13,010	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	113,489	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	93,883	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	8,420	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	50,978	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	45,851	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	21,135	9,730	11,405
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	24,986	26,938	23,869
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	23,859	25,000	23,264
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	x	x	x	20,990	9,595	11,395
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	33,333	35,754	31,295
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	28,698	30,083	27,533
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	x	x	x	129,520	62,175	67,350
In the bottom half of the distribution	x	x	x	79,455	36,905	42,550
In the bottom decile	x	x	x	17,355	7,930	9,425
In the second decile	x	x	x	17,925	7,745	10,175
In the third decile	x	x	x	15,710	7,390	8,320
In the fourth decile	x	x	x	14,810	7,110	7,700
In the fifth decile	x	x	x	13,665	6,730	6,930
In the top half of the distribution	x	x	x	50,065	25,265	24,800
In the sixth decile	x	x	x	13,075	6,460	6,610
In the seventh decile	x	x	x	11,725	5,945	5,780
In the eighth decile	x	x	x	11,025	5,470	5,555
In the ninth decile	x	x	x	8,925	4,625	4,300
In the top decile	x	x	x	5,320	2,765	2,555
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	x	x	x	123,220	59,130	64,085
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	20,185	10,330	9,855
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	5,780	2,925	2,860
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	73,905	35,460	38,445
65 years and over	x	x	x	29,125	13,345	15,780
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	x	x	x	23,255	10,230	13,025
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	5,455	2,875	2,585
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	1,920	1,025	895
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	12,215	5,315	6,900
65 years and over	x	x	x	5,585	2,045	3,545
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	x	x	x	18.9	17.3	20.3
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	27.0	27.8	26.2
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	33.2	35.0	31.3
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	16.5	15.0	17.9
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	19.2	15.3	22.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	x	x	x	8,995	4,325	4,670
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	2,200	1,165	1,040
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	795	435	360
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	6,365	2,995	3,370
65 years and over	x	x	x	430	165	270
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	7.3	7.3	7.3
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	10.9	11.3	10.6
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	13.8	14.9	12.6
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	8.6	8.4	8.8
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	1.5	1.2	1.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	130	70	60	129,520	62,175	67,345
Official languages	130	70	60	129,450	62,130	67,320
English	130	70	60	129,330	62,080	67,250
French	10	0	10	10,425	4,775	5,650
Non-official languages	0	0	0	7,640	3,680	3,960
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	4,645	2,235	2,410
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	4,645	2,235	2,410
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	4,625	2,220	2,405
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	4,620	2,220	2,405
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	3,010	1,455	1,555
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	200	85	120
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	195	80	115
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	185	85	100
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	170	85	85
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	170	85	85
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	15	0
Tamil	0	0	0	30	10	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	1,825	880	945
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	165	60	110
Baltic languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Latvian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Slavic languages	0	0	0	150	55	95
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	50	25	25
Russian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	35	0	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	425	185	240
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	420	175	240
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	685	365	320
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	0	15
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	185	100	85
Frisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
German	0	0	0	485	265	215
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	20	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	60	35	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	145	95	50
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	135	90	40
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hindi	0	0	0	40	35	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	10	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	20	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	75	40	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	385	170	215
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	100	55	50
Portuguese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	270	110	165
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	10	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	75	45	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	90	25	65
American Sign Language	0	0	0	35	10	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	15	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	505	265	240
Chinese languages	0	0	0	505	265	240
Cantonese	0	0	0	85	40	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	395	215	180
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	20	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	130	70	60	129,520	62,175	67,345
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	130	70	60	127,645	61,195	66,450
Canadian citizens aged under 18	15	10	10	22,650	11,635	11,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	110	60	55	104,995	49,560	55,435
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	1,875	975	895
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	130	70	60	129,520	62,175	67,350
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	130	70	60	125,785	60,265	65,520
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	2,930	1,490	1,440
Before 1981	0	0	0	1,580	775	800
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	205	105	100
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	250	120	130
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	490	255	235
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	230	130	95
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	265	120	145
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	405	235	175
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	800	415	385
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	2,930	1,490	1,440
Under 5 years	0	0	0	415	215	200
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	595	350	245
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	595	230	365
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	1,005	510	495
45 years and over	0	0	0	320	180	140
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	2,935	1,495	1,445
Americas	0	0	0	910	410	505
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	20	10	15
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	840	380	465
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	35	10	25
Europe	0	0	0	1,420	780	645
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	35	10	25
Germany	0	0	0	315	150	170
Greece	0	0	0	30	20	15
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	30	25	10
Italy	0	0	0	35	25	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	145	80	60
Poland	0	0	0	20	10	10
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	20	0	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	670	380	285
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	110	75	35
Africa	0	0	0	140	75	65
Algeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	25	20	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	25	0	15
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	65	40	25
Asia	0	0	0	435	215	220
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	105	55	50
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	10
India	0	0	0	55	40	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	70	40	25
Philippines	0	0	0	95	30	65
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	30	15	15
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	410	235	170
Americas	0	0	0	70	30	35
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	50	20	25
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	10	10
Europe	0	0	0	120	70	50
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	45	25	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	55	35	20
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	0	0	0	40	20	20
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	175	105	70
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	40	30	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	35	25	15
Philippines	0	0	0	50	25	25
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	130	70	60	129,520	62,170	67,345
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	4,065	2,070	1,995
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	0	0	0	6,615	3,075	3,535
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	130	70	60	118,840	57,025	61,815
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	1,390	735	650
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	795	430	365
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	400	250	150
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	400	180	215
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	510	255	255
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	75	45	25
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	130	70	60	129,520	62,175	67,345
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	30	25	10	11,755	5,655	6,100
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	20	15	0	11,465	5,515	5,950
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	20	15	10	7,980	3,860	4,115
Métis	0	0	0	3,340	1,580	1,760
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	150	80	70
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	120	75	45
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	170	65	105
Non-Aboriginal identity	100	45	55	117,765	56,520	61,250
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	130	70	60	129,520	62,175	67,350
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	0	0	7,595	3,695	3,905
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	115	60	55	121,925	58,480	63,445
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	130	70	60	129,520	62,170	67,345
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	6,465	3,130	3,335
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	6,420	3,105	3,315
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	5,990	2,875	3,115
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	405	210	195
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	20	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	45	25	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	20	15	0	7,350	3,515	3,835
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	10	0	0	7,100	3,390	3,715
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	3,915	1,935	1,975
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	2,910	1,340	1,560
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	285	110	170
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	250	125	120
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	240	125	120
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	110	55	55	115,700	55,525	60,175
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	130	70	60	129,520	62,175	67,350
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	2,785	1,430	1,350
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	290	160	125
Chinese	0	0	0	595	310	280
Black	0	0	0	1,285	630	655
Filipino	0	0	0	170	95	80
Latin American	0	0	0	35	20	20
Arab	0	0	0	225	125	105
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	20	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	70	35	25
Japanese	0	0	0	40	15	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	125	65	60	126,735	60,740	65,995
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	130	70	60	129,520	62,170	67,345
North American Aboriginal origins	20	15	10	13,815	6,645	7,170
First Nations (North American Indian)	20	15	0	10,195	4,970	5,225
Inuit	10	0	0	330	135	190
Métis	0	0	0	3,600	1,700	1,900
Other North American origins	110	65	45	55,130	26,165	28,970
Acadian	0	0	0	3,085	1,450	1,635
American	0	0	0	395	190	205
Canadian	110	60	50	52,110	24,750	27,360
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	440	195	245
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	75	35	35
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	25	15	10	90,575	43,435	47,145
British Isles origins	20	15	10	78,120	37,300	40,825
Channel Islander	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	25	10	15	29,685	13,710	15,970
Irish	0	0	0	28,445	13,625	14,820
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	0	0	10	51,995	24,855	27,135
Welsh	0	0	0	1,990	925	1,070
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	1,260	565	695
French origins	0	0	0	24,905	11,780	13,125
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	0	0	0	24,905	11,780	13,125
Western European origins (except French origins)	0	10	0	6,995	3,275	3,715
Austrian	0	0	0	75	40	45
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	560	295	265
Dutch	0	0	0	2,225	1,040	1,185
Flemish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
German	0	10	0	4,540	2,085	2,455
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	75	40	35
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	1,405	605	800
Danish	0	0	0	290	125	170
Finnish	0	0	0	110	45	65
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	535	235	300
Swedish	0	0	0	380	160	220
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	140	70	70
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	5,360	2,440	2,920
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	130	70	60
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	100	35	65
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	495	255	240
Latvian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Lithuanian	0	0	0	270	120	155
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	2,680	1,220	1,460
Romanian	0	0	0	165	45	115
Russian	0	0	0	335	125	215
Slovak	0	0	0	90	35	60
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,600	735	870
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Southern European origins	0	0	0	5,175	2,540	2,630
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	325	155	175
Italian	0	0	0	3,935	1,935	2,000
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	105	50	50
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	270	135	140
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	510	235	275
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	60	40	20
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	265	170	100
Basque	0	0	0	25	20	0
Jewish	0	0	0	65	45	20
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	175	100	70
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	365	175	190
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	65	40	25
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	120	55	65
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	20	0	15
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	135	65	70
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	95	45	50
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	50	20	30
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	0	10
African origins	0	0	0	980	490	490
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	140	75	70
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	45	30	20
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	30	15	20
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	65	40	25
Algerian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Berber	0	0	0	10	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	45	20	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	735	350	385
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	175	80	90
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	570	265	305
Asian origins	0	0	0	2,650	1,400	1,250
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	1,350	700	650
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	135	70	70
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	40	10	30
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	1,025	535	495
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Syrian	0	0	0	175	95	75
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	25	15	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	260	130	130
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	170	90	80
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	60	35	25
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	15	0	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	10	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	1,015	555	465
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	690	380	305
Filipino	0	0	0	180	90	90
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	50	15	30
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	65	40	25
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	35	25	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	40	25	15
Oceania origins	0	0	0	25	15	15
Australian	0	0	0	25	10	15
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	65	...	...	57,515	...	...
Owner	60	...	...	42,145	...	...
Renter	0	...	...	14,140	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	1,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	65	...	...	57,515	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	710	...	...
Not condominium	65	...	...	56,805	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	65	...	...	57,515	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	60	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	5,455	...	...
2 bedrooms	25	...	...	14,330	...	...
3 bedrooms	15	...	...	25,035	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	20	...	...	12,635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	65	...	...	57,515	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	25	...	...	11,135	...	...
5 rooms	15	...	...	10,195	...	...
6 rooms	0	...	...	11,075	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	8,820	...	...
8 or more rooms	20	...	...	16,290	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	65	...	...	57,520	...	...
One person or fewer per room	65	...	...	57,250	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	65	...	...	57,515	...	...
Suitable	70	...	...	55,670	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	1,845	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	65	...	...	57,520	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	20,640	...	...
1961 to 1980	45	...	...	17,775	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	7,355	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	5,555	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	2,055	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	2,260	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	1,870	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	65	...	...	57,515	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	55	...	...	51,515	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	6,005	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	70	...	...	57,515	...	...
1 household maintainer	50	...	...	36,830	...	...
2 household maintainers	15	...	...	19,725	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	960	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	65	...	...	57,515	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	1,175	...	...
25 to 34 years	0	...	...	4,910	...	...
35 to 44 years	15	...	...	7,365	...	...
45 to 54 years	10	...	...	10,485	...	...
55 to 64 years	10	...	...	13,585	...	...
65 to 74 years	10	...	...	11,435	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	6,325	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	2,230	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	55,320	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	44,750	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	10,575	...	...
30% to less than 100%	x	...	...	9,505	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	65	...	...	41,510	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	46.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	10.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	350	...	...	628	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	450	...	...	793	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	60,005	...	...	139,529	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	66,032	...	...	162,211	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	13,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	25.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	44.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	703	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	729	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	115	60	55	111,230	52,825	58,410
No certificate, diploma or degree	60	35	30	26,105	12,810	13,295
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	25	10	10	28,525	12,850	15,665
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30	15	20	56,605	27,160	29,440
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	10	14,365	10,825	3,540
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	0	0	7,630	4,935	2,695
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	6,740	5,890	850
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15	10	0	23,135	8,740	14,390
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	3,180	1,165	2,010
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	10	15,920	6,430	9,495
Bachelor's degree	0	0	10	11,065	4,290	6,775
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,495	620	875
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	430	270	170
Master's degree	0	0	0	2,555	1,035	1,520
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	370	215	155
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	75	40	35	67,435	31,970	35,465
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	20	10	9,290	5,040	4,250
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15	10	10	16,950	7,675	9,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35	15	15	41,195	19,255	21,945
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	0	10	9,730	7,335	2,395
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	0	10	5,230	3,385	1,840
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	4,505	3,950	550
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15	15	0	17,465	6,685	10,780
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	2,045	770	1,275
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	10	11,960	4,460	7,500
Bachelor's degree	10	0	10	8,425	3,100	5,325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	995	370	620
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	340	180	155
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,965	670	1,295
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	245	130	110
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	120	60	55	111,230	52,820	58,405
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	85	45	35	54,625	25,660	28,965
Education	10	0	10	5,130	1,470	3,655
13. Education	10	0	10	5,125	1,470	3,660
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	695	375	325
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	150	125	25
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	545	245	300
Humanities	0	0	0	1,920	805	1,115
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	60	40	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	425	140	285
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	830	275	560
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	90	60	40
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	180	110	70
54. History	0	0	0	290	175	110
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	40	15	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	4,240	1,105	3,140
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	70	30	45
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	260	125	135
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,460	195	1,260
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	685	205	480
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	40	10	35
42. Psychology	0	0	0	835	175	660
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	895	370	525
Business, management and public administration	0	0	0	10,180	2,465	7,715
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	35	20	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	780	115	665
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	0	9,365	2,330	7,030
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,175	590	585
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	370	185	185
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	400	170	225
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	15
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	290	195	95
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	105	35	70
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,380	685	695
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,175	615	560
25. Library science	0	0	0	100	20	80
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	95	45	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	0	15,260	14,575	680
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	60	45	10
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,120	1,025	95
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	2,600	2,365	235
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	5,075	4,930	145
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	4,120	4,005	110
48. Precision production	0	0	0	2,285	2,200	85
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	775	515	265
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	335	145	190
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	445	375	70
Health and related fields	0	0	0	10,625	1,595	9,035
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	250	170	80
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	10,230	1,330	8,900
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	145	95	50
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	5,220	2,985	2,235
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	2,735	710	2,030
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	70	60	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	600	485	120
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	1,800	1,720	75
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	75	40	35	67,435	31,970	35,465
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	40	25	20	26,240	12,715	13,520
Education	10	0	10	3,105	740	2,365
13. Education	10	0	10	3,105	740	2,365
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	570	305	265
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	120	100	20
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	450	210	240
Humanities	0	0	0	1,310	485	825
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	40	30	15
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	300	85	215
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	605	190	420
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	60	40	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	80	35	45
54. History	0	0	0	200	110	90
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	20	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	3,470	835	2,630
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	55	20	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	190	100	90
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,170	155	1,020
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	575	150	425
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	25	0	20
42. Psychology	0	0	0	730	140	590
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	720	275	445
Business, management and public administration	10	0	10	7,540	1,770	5,770
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	15	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	655	85	570
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	0	6,860	1,675	5,185
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	870	425	440
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	285	130	160
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	315	130	185
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	0	15
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	205	145	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	50	25	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,190	595	595
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,025	540	485
25. Library science	0	0	0	75	20	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	65	30	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	10	10,655	10,130	530
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	45	30	10
14. Engineering	0	0	0	770	710	65
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,885	1,705	180
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	0	10	3,615	3,495	120
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	2,795	2,710	80
48. Precision production	0	0	0	1,545	1,480	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	585	385	200
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	245	100	145
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	345	285	60
Health and related fields	0	0	0	7,975	1,295	6,685
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	210	130	75
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	7,675	1,110	6,565
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	95	55	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	3,920	2,280	1,645
12. Personal and culinary services	0	10	0	1,960	490	1,470
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	30	25	10
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	500	390	110
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	1,415	1,365	55
Other	0	0	0	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	120	60	55	111,230	52,820	58,410
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	90	45	40	54,625	25,665	28,965
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30	15	20	56,605	27,160	29,445
Location of study inside Canada	30	15	15	54,640	26,175	28,460
Same as province or territory of residence	30	15	15	48,020	22,635	25,380
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	6,620	3,540	3,080
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	1,965	990	980
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	925	415	510
Philippines	0	0	0	115	55	65
India	0	0	0	40	25	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	250	170	85
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	185	90	95
France	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other	0	0	0	435	225	210
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	75	40	35	67,435	31,970	35,470
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45	25	20	26,240	12,720	13,520
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30	15	15	41,200	19,255	21,945
Location of study inside Canada	30	15	15	39,945	18,685	21,265
Same as province or territory of residence	30	15	15	35,325	16,235	19,090
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	4,620	2,450	2,170
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	1,250	570	680
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	580	220	360
Philippines	0	0	0	105	55	50
India	0	0	0	20	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	140	80	60
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	90	55	40
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	315	150	165
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	120	60	60	111,230	52,825	58,405
In the labour force	65	35	25	59,580	30,185	29,390
Employed	35	25	10	48,840	23,565	25,275
Unemployed	30	15	20	10,740	6,625	4,115
Not in the labour force	50	25	30	51,650	22,635	29,020
Participation rate	54.2	58.3	41.7	53.6	57.1	50.3
Employment rate	29.2	41.7	16.7	43.9	44.6	43.3
Unemployment rate	46.2	42.9	80.0	18.0	21.9	14.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	120	60	55	111,230	52,825	58,405
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	40	15	25	47,840	20,780	27,060
Worked	80	50	35	63,390	32,045	31,345
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	10	0	0	26,380	12,965	13,420
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	70	40	30	37,015	19,085	17,930
Average weeks worked in reference year	20.8	22.1	18.7	37.7	36.3	39.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	65	35	25	59,580	30,190	29,390
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,755	960	800
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	65	35	25	57,825	29,230	28,590
Employee	55	25	30	53,965	26,605	27,360
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	10	10	0	3,855	2,630	1,230
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	65	40	30	59,580	30,185	29,395
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,755	955	800
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	65	35	25	57,825	29,230	28,595
0 Management occupations	0	0	0	4,045	2,430	1,615
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10	0	10	7,220	1,660	5,560
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	2,205	1,860	345
3 Health occupations	0	0	0	5,570	920	4,650
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10	0	10	6,880	2,150	4,735
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	1,110	480	630
6 Sales and service occupations	15	0	10	15,545	5,885	9,665
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10	0	0	9,655	9,215	440
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	25	0	3,550	3,025	525
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	2,030	1,605	425
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	60	35	25	59,580	30,190	29,390
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,755	960	795
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	65	40	30	57,825	29,230	28,590
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	30	20	10	2,925	2,340	585
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	1,365	1,210	155
22 Utilities	0	0	0	520	470	55
23 Construction	0	0	0	4,905	4,390	515
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	2,940	2,225	720
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	995	755	240
44-45 Retail trade	0	0	0	7,530	3,200	4,330
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	2,375	1,855	525
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	745	435	310
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	1,010	270	740
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	530	345	190
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	1,750	985	765
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	3,205	1,895	1,305
61 Educational services	0	0	0	4,645	1,515	3,130
62 Health care and social assistance	15	0	10	9,550	1,575	7,975
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	1,370	675	695
72 Accommodation and food services	15	0	15	4,710	1,530	3,175
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	2,415	1,225	1,190
91 Public administration	0	0	0	4,330	2,330	1,995
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	35	30	10	48,840	23,565	25,275
Worked at home	10	10	0	2,230	1,140	1,085
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	95	70	25
No fixed workplace address	25	25	10	6,440	4,795	1,645
Worked at usual place	10	0	10	40,075	17,560	22,515
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	0	0	10	40,075	17,560	22,515
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	0	0	0	33,685	14,040	19,650
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	10	2,435	1,000	1,440
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	2,680	1,530	1,150
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	1,275	1,000	280
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	30	20	10	46,515	22,350	24,165
Car, truck, van - as a driver	20	15	0	38,500	18,245	20,255
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	0	0	0	3,870	1,655	2,215
Public transit	0	0	0	1,155	805	345
Walked	10	0	10	1,995	945	1,050
Bicycle	0	0	0	85	55	30
Other method	0	0	0	915	645	270
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	30	20	10	46,510	22,350	24,160
Less than 15 minutes	20	10	10	21,175	9,075	12,095
15 to 29 minutes	10	10	0	15,860	7,630	8,230
30 to 44 minutes	0	0	0	6,115	3,420	2,695
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	1,660	995	670
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	1,700	1,230	470
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	30	20	10	46,515	22,350	24,165
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	2,785	1,940	840
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	0	0	0	8,220	4,375	3,850
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	0	0	0	12,270	6,210	6,060
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10	0	10	11,375	4,020	7,355
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	10	0	4,105	1,500	2,605
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	0	10	0	7,765	4,305	3,460
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	80	55	30	65,220	32,945	32,275
Single responses	85	50	30	64,620	32,680	31,940
Official languages	85	55	35	63,935	32,305	31,630
English	85	50	30	62,850	31,820	31,035
French	0	0	0	1,085	480	595
Non-official languages	0	0	0	680	375	305
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	625	345	275
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	625	345	275
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	625	345	280
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	625	350	275
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	600	265	340
English and French	0	0	0	445	185	260
English and non-official language	0	0	0	155	80	75
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	85	50	30	65,220	32,945	32,275
None	85	50	35	61,775	31,305	30,470
English	0	0	0	1,220	585	635
French	0	0	0	1,410	680	725
Non-official language	0	0	0	800	365	440
Aboriginal	0	0	0	650	290	355
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	150	70	80
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	130	70	60	128,455	61,670	66,790
Non-movers	130	70	60	118,325	56,720	61,610
Movers	0	0	0	10,130	4,955	5,175
Non-migrants	0	0	0	7,125	3,400	3,730
Migrants	0	0	0	3,005	1,555	1,450
Internal migrants	0	0	0	2,685	1,405	1,285
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,255	650	605
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,440	755	680
External migrants	0	0	0	320	155	170
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	125	70	60	124,080	59,445	64,635
Non-movers	110	50	55	96,225	46,020	50,210
Movers	15	15	0	27,855	13,425	14,425
Non-migrants	0	0	0	19,335	9,165	10,175
Migrants	15	10	10	8,515	4,260	4,255
Internal migrants	15	10	0	7,455	3,690	3,765
Intraprovincial migrants	20	10	0	3,740	1,785	1,960
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	3,710	1,905	1,810
External migrants	0	0	0	1,065	575	490

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^E

use with caution
After the release of the 2016 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, issues affecting the data are occasionally uncovered. It is not possible to make changes to the 2016 or 2011 Census data presented in release tables.
Refer to the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Division No. 9, Subd. H, SNO [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Cape Breton [Economic region], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 18, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Cape Breton [Economic region], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Cape Breton [Economic region], Nova Scotia

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Cape Breton [Economic region], Nova Scotia