Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Shefford [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Division No. 9, Subd. H, SNO Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]			Shefford Quebec [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Change geography 1			Data quality : Shefford [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	159	...	...	111,139	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	179 ^rE	...	...	107,538	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-11.2 ^E	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	221	...	...	50,478	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	76	...	...	48,304	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.1	...	...	81.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,134.58	...	...	1,370.84	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	160	90	70	111,140	55,270	55,870
0 to 14 years	15	10	5	18,840	9,680	9,160
0 to 4 years	5	0	0	6,160	3,145	3,010
5 to 9 years	10	5	5	6,600	3,420	3,185
10 to 14 years	5	5	5	6,080	3,120	2,960
15 to 64 years	100	55	45	70,785	35,680	35,105
15 to 19 years	5	0	5	5,800	2,995	2,805
20 to 24 years	5	0	5	5,935	3,020	2,910
25 to 29 years	5	5	5	5,840	2,980	2,855
30 to 34 years	5	5	5	6,370	3,230	3,140
35 to 39 years	10	5	0	7,240	3,720	3,525
40 to 44 years	5	5	5	6,180	3,190	2,985
45 to 49 years	15	10	5	6,685	3,390	3,300
50 to 54 years	20	15	10	8,865	4,350	4,520
55 to 59 years	5	10	5	9,420	4,615	4,800
60 to 64 years	15	5	10	8,450	4,190	4,260
65 years and over	45	25	20	21,510	9,910	11,605
65 to 69 years	25	10	15	7,345	3,655	3,690
70 to 74 years	10	10	5	5,600	2,695	2,905
75 to 79 years	5	5	5	3,720	1,705	2,015
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	2,430	1,020	1,405
85 years and over	5	0	5	2,415	830	1,585
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	1,560	575	985
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	680	220	455
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	165	30	135
100 years and over	0	0	0	20	0	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9.4	11.1	7.1	17.0	17.5	16.4
15 to 64 years	62.5	61.1	64.3	63.7	64.6	62.8
65 years and over	28.1	27.8	28.6	19.4	17.9	20.8
85 years and over	3.1	0.0	7.1	2.2	1.5	2.8
Average age of the population	49.4	48.3	50.8	42.6	41.7	43.5
Median age of the population	53.1	51.8	54.5	44.5	43.1	45.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	75	...	...	48,305	...	...
Single-detached house	70	...	...	25,140	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	805	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5	...	...	21,225	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	2,975	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	330	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	3,105	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	14,140	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	675	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	1,135	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	80	...	...	48,305	...	...
1 person	15	...	...	15,625	...	...
2 persons	40	...	...	18,215	...	...
3 persons	10	...	...	6,035	...	...
4 persons	5	...	...	5,470	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	2,960	...	...
Number of persons in private households	160	...	...	108,195	...	...
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	145	80	65	92,300	45,590	46,705
Married or living common law	95	50	45	54,840	27,450	27,390
Married	70	35	30	29,835	14,935	14,895
Living common law	30	10	15	25,005	12,515	12,490
Not married and not living common law	50	30	20	37,460	18,140	19,320
Never married	30	20	15	23,855	13,370	10,485
Separated	5	0	0	1,000	445	550
Divorced	5	0	0	7,235	3,055	4,185
Widowed	15	5	10	5,370	1,265	4,105
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	55	...	...	31,770	...	...
2 persons	40	...	...	18,180	...	...
3 persons	10	...	...	5,815	...	...
4 persons	5	...	...	5,255	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	2,520	...	...
Average size of census families	2.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	60	...	...	31,770	...	...
Total couple families	50	...	...	26,920	...	...
Married couples	35	...	...	14,435	...	...
Common-law couples	15	...	...	12,485	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	15	...	...	4,850	...	...
Female parent	10	...	...	3,380	...	...
Male parent	5	...	...	1,470	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	26,920	...	...
Couples without children	35	...	...	15,245	...	...
Couples with children	10	...	...	11,670	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	4,350	...	...
2 children	0	...	...	4,910	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	2,410	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	4,850	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	2,935	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	1,460	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	455	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	20	15	5	19,810	9,860	9,950
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	75	...	...	48,305	...	...
One-census-family households	55	...	...	31,060	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	35	...	...	14,925	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	25	...	...	16,125	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	355	...	...
Non-census-family households	15	...	...	16,895	...	...
One-person households	15	...	...	15,620	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	0	...	...	1,270	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	160	90	70	109,765	54,735	55,035
English only	155	90	70	740	360	380
French only	0	0	0	70,130	33,245	36,885
English and French	0	0	5	38,575	20,945	17,630
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	320	185	140
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	160	90	70	109,765	54,735	55,030
English	155	85	70	3,490	1,780	1,705
French	0	0	0	105,280	52,400	52,880
English and French	0	0	0	685	370	315
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	315	180	135
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	3,830	1,965	1,860
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.5	3.6	3.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	160	90	70	109,765	54,735	55,035
Single responses	160	90	70	108,690	54,190	54,505
Official languages	160	90	70	105,645	52,605	53,035
English	160	90	70	3,195	1,635	1,560
French	0	0	0	102,450	50,975	51,475
Non-official languages	0	0	0	3,050	1,580	1,470
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	3,045	1,580	1,465
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	375	210	160
Berber languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	15	10	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	345	195	150
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	340	190	150
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	85	45	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	60	30	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	25	5	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	2,010	1,035	975
Albanian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	240	120	120
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	235	120	120
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	70	40	30
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Russian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Serbian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	170	85	90
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	35	20	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	125	65	60
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Greek	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	190	95	95
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	180	90	90
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	170	85	90
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,365	710	650
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	130	80	50
Portuguese	0	0	0	50	20	25
Romanian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Spanish	0	0	0	1,125	585	545
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	310	155	155
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	15	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	25	15	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	45	20	30
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	120	60	60
Wolof	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	15	5	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	90	35	45
Chinese languages	0	0	0	80	40	45
Cantonese	0	0	0	35	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	30	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Lao	0	0	0	25	15	10
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	45	25	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,070	545	530
English and French	0	0	0	750	390	360
English and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	270	130	140
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	155	85	70	109,770	54,735	55,035
Single responses	155	90	70	108,170	53,935	54,235
Official languages	160	85	70	106,500	53,070	53,430
English	160	85	70	2,700	1,375	1,325
French	0	0	0	103,800	51,695	52,105
Non-official languages	0	0	0	1,670	865	805
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,670	865	805
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	145	80	65
Berber languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	130	70	55
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	135	75	60
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	35	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	1,165	615	550
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	130	70	60
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	130	70	65
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	40	20	25
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	35	15	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	140	70	70
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	135	65	65
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	840	450	390
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Spanish	0	0	0	765	410	355
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	150	70	85
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	75	35	35
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	60	30	35
Chinese languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Cantonese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,595	800	795
English and French	0	0	0	815	420	395
English and non-official language	0	0	0	45	15	30
French and non-official language	0	0	0	655	325	330
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	80	35	45
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	160	90	70	109,765	54,735	55,035
None	160	90	70	101,265	50,275	50,990
English	0	0	0	5,485	2,915	2,575
French	0	0	0	1,830	930	905
Non-official language	0	0	0	955	495	460
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	950	495	455
English and French	0	0	0	65	35	30
English and non-official language	0	0	0	125	65	55
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	145	80	65	89,395	44,340	45,050
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	87,205	43,350	43,855
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	32,198	37,734	27,037
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	87,230	43,355	43,870
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	28,845	32,868	24,874
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	77,480	39,475	38,005
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	28,805	35,083	22,937
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	67,435	31,585	35,850
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	8,167	7,098	8,974
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	63,220	33,250	29,975
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	30,204	35,517	25,361
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	115	65	60	89,390	44,325	45,070
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	87,315	43,300	44,015
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	38,716	44,332	33,191
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	87,330	43,295	44,030
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	32,448	36,353	28,608
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	77,495	39,355	38,140
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	35,786	42,169	29,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	67,405	31,560	35,845
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	9,009	8,238	9,687
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	63,220	33,210	30,010
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	35,877	40,657	30,587
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	x	x	x	89,390	44,325	45,070
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	x	x	x	28,620	15,985	12,635
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	x	x	x	42,532	47,512	37,384
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	x	x	x	48,683	54,103	41,827
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	x	x	x	81.9	86.4	76.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	x	x	x	66.8	70.2	62.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	x	x	x	18.1	13.6	24.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	x	x	x	89,395	44,340	45,050
Without total income	x	x	x	2,185	990	1,195
With total income	x	x	x	87,205	43,350	43,850
Percentage with total income	x	x	x	97.6	97.8	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	9,350	3,935	5,415
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	16,770	6,500	10,270
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	14,655	6,395	8,260
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	12,985	6,400	6,590
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	11,220	6,085	5,135
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	7,900	4,710	3,190
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	4,950	3,060	1,890
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	3,300	1,965	1,330
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	1,935	1,280	655
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,280	900	380
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	2,860	2,125	735
$100,000 to $149,999	x	x	x	2,005	1,490	515
$150,000 and over	x	x	x	855	630	225
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	x	x	89,390	44,340	45,050
Without after-tax income	x	x	x	2,165	985	1,175
With after-tax income	x	x	x	87,230	43,355	43,875
Percentage with after-tax income	x	x	x	97.6	97.8	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	9,775	4,035	5,740
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	17,745	6,935	10,810
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	18,025	8,200	9,825
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	16,665	8,860	7,805
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	11,540	6,715	4,820
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	6,270	3,725	2,545
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	3,190	2,010	1,180
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	1,600	1,100	505
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	2,415	1,770	645
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	870	620	245
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	450	340	115
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	1,095	810	285
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	x	x	x	89,395	44,345	45,050
Without employment income	x	x	x	26,165	11,095	15,070
With employment income	x	x	x	63,225	33,250	29,975
Percentage with employment income	x	x	x	70.7	75.0	66.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	8,530	4,390	4,145
$5,000 to $9,999	x	x	x	4,915	2,085	2,835
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	9,340	3,970	5,370
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	8,640	3,815	4,825
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	8,875	4,415	4,460
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	7,260	4,155	3,105
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	5,350	3,420	1,930
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	3,530	2,250	1,280
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	2,445	1,530	920
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	4,325	3,215	1,115
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	1,455	1,015	440
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	945	695	245
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	1,930	1,500	430
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	75	...	...	48,305	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	46,720	...	...	56,779	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	44,800	...	...	49,795	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	15,620	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	29,172	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	26,629	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	32,685	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	73,980	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	64,109	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	x	...	...	48,305	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	69,983	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	58,664	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	15,600	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	37,166	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	31,315	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	32,700	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	85,640	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	71,713	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	x	...	...	48,305	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	340	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	650	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	1,710	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	2,515	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	2,775	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	2,120	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	2,875	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	2,910	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	2,585	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	2,485	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	4,625	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	3,920	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	3,460	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	2,895	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,555	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	9,880	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	4,390	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	2,460	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	x	...	...	1,935	...	...
$200,000 and over	x	...	...	1,095	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	...	...	48,305	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	380	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	665	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	1,745	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	2,640	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	3,180	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	2,590	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	3,590	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	3,380	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	3,145	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	2,950	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	5,150	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	4,365	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	3,610	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	2,940	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,195	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	5,770	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	3,265	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	1,300	...	...
$150,000 and over	x	...	...	1,215	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	x	...	...	31,770	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	74,017	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	64,099	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	14,695	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	65,378	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	56,747	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	11,750	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	99,153	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	84,439	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	4,685	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	49,294	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	44,864	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	x	...	...	31,785	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	85,939	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	71,867	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	14,705	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	77,736	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	64,558	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	11,775	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	108,393	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	90,154	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	4,645	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	54,985	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	48,363	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	18,240	9,115	9,125
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	28,114	32,103	25,048
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	25,771	28,464	23,839
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	x	x	x	18,165	9,020	9,145
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	35,721	38,891	32,595
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	30,248	31,990	28,530
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	x	x	x	108,195	54,000	54,195
In the bottom half of the distribution	x	x	x	67,460	32,915	34,540
In the bottom decile	x	x	x	8,645	4,220	4,430
In the second decile	x	x	x	13,520	6,015	7,515
In the third decile	x	x	x	15,625	7,660	7,965
In the fourth decile	x	x	x	15,440	7,800	7,635
In the fifth decile	x	x	x	14,230	7,230	7,000
In the top half of the distribution	x	x	x	40,735	21,080	19,655
In the sixth decile	x	x	x	12,840	6,685	6,155
In the seventh decile	x	x	x	10,625	5,470	5,150
In the eighth decile	x	x	x	8,190	4,215	3,980
In the ninth decile	x	x	x	5,520	2,860	2,660
In the top decile	x	x	x	3,560	1,845	1,715
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	x	x	x	108,195	54,000	54,195
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	22,285	11,425	10,865
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	7,425	3,810	3,620
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	66,565	33,400	33,160
65 years and over	x	x	x	19,350	9,180	10,170
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	x	x	x	15,070	6,845	8,225
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	3,015	1,515	1,495
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	1,010	525	485
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	8,205	3,890	4,315
65 years and over	x	x	x	3,845	1,440	2,410
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	x	x	x	13.9	12.7	15.2
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	13.5	13.3	13.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	13.6	13.8	13.4
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	12.3	11.6	13.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	19.9	15.7	23.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	x	x	x	6,135	3,105	3,030
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	1,135	570	565
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	390	205	195
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	4,595	2,375	2,225
65 years and over	x	x	x	400	165	240
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	5.7	5.8	5.6
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	5.1	5.0	5.2
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	5.3	5.4	5.4
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	6.9	7.1	6.7
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	2.1	1.8	2.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	130	70	60	108,195	54,000	54,195
Official languages	130	70	60	107,925	53,840	54,085
English	130	70	60	38,855	21,165	17,685
French	10	0	10	107,230	53,490	53,735
Non-official languages	0	0	0	6,135	2,995	3,135
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	6,125	2,995	3,130
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	530	285	245
Berber languages	0	0	0	25	20	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	25	20	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	515	275	240
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	510	275	230
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	135	60	70
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	90	40	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	185	95	95
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	165	80	90
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	4,640	2,275	2,365
Albanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Armenian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	310	160	150
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	310	160	155
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	55	30	30
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	30	20	15
Russian	0	0	0	140	75	70
Serbian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	455	215	240
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	20	20	10
Dutch	0	0	0	75	25	45
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	355	175	185
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	30	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	210	100	110
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	45	15	25
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	30	15	20
Iranian languages	0	0	0	190	85	100
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	180	80	100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	3,700	1,815	1,880
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	345	190	150
Portuguese	0	0	0	130	75	55
Romanian	0	0	0	75	35	40
Spanish	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	45	25	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	20	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	405	180	215
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	55	25	30
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	50	20	30
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	65	35	30
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	180	75	110
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	35	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	80	30	45
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	50	15	30
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	120	55	65
Chinese languages	0	0	0	120	55	65
Cantonese	0	0	0	40	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	60	30	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	10	20
Lao	0	0	0	20	15	10
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	20	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	25	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	130	70	60	108,195	54,000	54,195
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	130	70	60	106,690	53,215	53,470
Canadian citizens aged under 18	15	10	10	21,985	11,355	10,625
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	110	60	55	84,705	41,860	42,845
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	1,510	785	725
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	130	70	60	108,195	54,000	54,195
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	130	70	60	103,865	51,760	52,105
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	4,080	2,065	2,015
Before 1981	0	0	0	910	485	425
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	310	150	160
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	455	205	255
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	1,495	775	720
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	740	395	345
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	755	380	375
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	905	445	460
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	245	175	70
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	4,080	2,070	2,015
Under 5 years	0	0	0	550	260	290
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	710	365	340
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	840	390	450
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	1,745	930	815
45 years and over	0	0	0	230	115	120
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	4,080	2,065	2,015
Americas	0	0	0	1,245	605	640
Brazil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	525	240	290
El Salvador	0	0	0	15	20	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	105	60	50
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	50	25	25
Peru	0	0	0	60	35	25
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	195	80	110
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	265	140	130
Europe	0	0	0	1,415	780	635
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	55	25	30
Croatia	0	0	0	25	20	0
France	0	0	0	570	350	220
Germany	0	0	0	90	40	50
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	65	40	30
Netherlands	0	0	0	25	10	15
Poland	0	0	0	25	15	10
Portugal	0	0	0	25	10	10
Romania	0	0	0	75	35	45
Russian Federation	0	0	0	25	10	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	25	0	25
Ukraine	0	0	0	60	30	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	330	180	145
Africa	0	0	0	820	395	420
Algeria	0	0	0	60	40	20
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	230	120	105
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	510	220	290
Asia	0	0	0	605	285	325
Afghanistan	0	0	0	115	50	65
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	110	35	70
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Iraq	0	0	0	10	10	10
Japan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	35	10	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	30	10	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	55	30	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	100	40	55
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	95	55	40
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	905	450	460
Americas	0	0	0	255	130	125
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	85	30	55
Cuba	0	0	0	40	20	20
Haiti	0	0	0	35	20	15
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	65	40	25
Europe	0	0	0	175	100	75
France	0	0	0	75	55	25
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	30	10	20
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	50	30	20
Africa	0	0	0	320	150	175
Algeria	0	0	0	25	20	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	130	60	70
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	10	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	35	10	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	105	45	65
Asia	0	0	0	150	75	80
Afghanistan	0	0	0	30	10	25
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	20	10	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	55	30	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	130	70	60	108,195	54,000	54,195
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	4,480	2,315	2,160
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	0	0	0	4,120	2,045	2,075
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	130	70	60	99,595	49,635	49,960
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	3,220	1,615	1,610
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	1,150	645	505
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	560	420	135
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	590	220	370
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	790	335	455
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,250	615	635
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	130	70	60	108,195	54,000	54,195
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	30	25	10	1,120	520	600
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	20	15	0	1,080	495	585
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	20	15	10	500	225	270
Métis	0	0	0	580	265	310
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	10	15	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	100	45	55	107,070	53,475	53,595
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	130	70	60	108,195	54,000	54,195
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	0	0	145	80	65
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	115	60	55	108,050	53,925	54,125
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	130	70	60	108,195	54,000	54,195
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	945	440	510
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	925	420	510
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	800	375	425
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	125	45	85
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	25	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	20	15	0	2,985	1,385	1,600
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	10	0	0	2,970	1,375	1,595
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	2,750	1,275	1,475
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	205	95	110
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	20	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	110	55	55	104,260	52,180	52,085
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	130	70	60	108,195	54,000	54,195
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	3,380	1,715	1,660
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	65	30	35
Chinese	0	0	0	205	80	125
Black	0	0	0	950	460	490
Filipino	0	0	0	30	15	15
Latin American	0	0	0	1,170	600	575
Arab	0	0	0	490	275	220
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	145	70	75
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	195	105	90
Korean	0	0	0	25	25	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	55	35	20
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	125	65	60	104,815	52,285	52,535
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	130	70	60	108,195	54,000	54,195
North American Aboriginal origins	20	15	10	3,935	1,820	2,110
First Nations (North American Indian)	20	15	0	3,585	1,675	1,910
Inuit	10	0	0	25	10	20
Métis	0	0	0	365	170	190
Other North American origins	110	65	45	85,450	42,365	43,085
Acadian	0	0	0	305	155	145
American	0	0	0	690	330	355
Canadian	110	60	50	82,745	41,015	41,725
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	2,740	1,395	1,350
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	25	15	10	34,025	17,235	16,785
British Isles origins	20	15	10	8,395	4,150	4,245
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	25	10	15	2,205	1,140	1,070
Irish	0	0	0	5,305	2,560	2,740
Manx	0	0	0	30	15	10
Scottish	0	0	10	1,820	890	930
Welsh	0	0	0	15	0	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	245	120	130
French origins	0	0	0	25,635	13,025	12,615
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	190	80	105
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	0	0	0	25,540	12,980	12,560
Western European origins (except French origins)	0	10	0	2,495	1,235	1,255
Austrian	0	0	0	75	65	15
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	620	335	285
Dutch	0	0	0	235	120	115
Flemish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	10	0	1,310	610	705
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	355	170	180
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	125	40	85
Danish	0	0	0	25	10	20
Finnish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	25	0	25
Swedish	0	0	0	30	10	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	880	435	440
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	25	0	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	120	40	80
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	370	200	170
Romanian	0	0	0	120	65	55
Russian	0	0	0	95	50	45
Slovak	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	220	115	105
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Southern European origins	0	0	0	2,250	1,135	1,120
Albanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	45	30	20
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	140	50	90
Italian	0	0	0	1,335	670	670
Kosovar	0	0	0	15	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	200	110	90
Serbian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Spanish	0	0	0	445	225	215
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	160	85	80
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jewish	0	0	0	45	30	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	110	45	65
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	445	235	205
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	130	45	85
Dominican	0	0	0	20	15	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	280	140	140
Jamaican	0	0	0	20	25	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	10
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	1,360	680	685
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	55	15	40
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Chilean	0	0	0	95	40	50
Colombian	0	0	0	670	290	380
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	130	85	45
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	35	10	20
Maya	0	0	0	45	15	30
Mexican	0	0	0	115	55	55
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	95	50	45
Salvadorean	0	0	0	55	45	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	10	0
African origins	0	0	0	1,190	575	620
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	500	235	265
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Burkinabe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Chadian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Congolese	0	0	0	285	115	170
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	15	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	15	10	10
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	95	55	40
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	10	0
North African origins	0	0	0	470	240	230
Algerian	0	0	0	60	20	40
Berber	0	0	0	40	20	20
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	330	180	150
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	45	25	20
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	130	65	60
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	45	20	30
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	30	20	15
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	135	45	85
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	130	45	85
Asian origins	0	0	0	1,250	655	595
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	675	380	295
Afghan	0	0	0	160	80	80
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	140	70	65
Armenian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	15	15	0
Israeli	0	0	0	15	10	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	125	60	65
Palestinian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	85	55	25
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	55	30	25
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	75	50	25
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	65	45	20
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	505	235	270
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese	0	0	0	285	130	150
Filipino	0	0	0	35	20	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	0	15
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	30	0
Laotian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	105	40	70
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	0	0	10
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	65	...	...	48,305	...	...
Owner	60	...	...	30,345	...	...
Renter	0	...	...	17,955	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	65	...	...	48,305	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	2,895	...	...
Not condominium	65	...	...	45,405	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	65	...	...	48,305	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	165	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	5,820	...	...
2 bedrooms	25	...	...	15,980	...	...
3 bedrooms	15	...	...	17,280	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	20	...	...	9,065	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	65	...	...	48,305	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	25	...	...	15,790	...	...
5 rooms	15	...	...	9,000	...	...
6 rooms	0	...	...	6,020	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	6,090	...	...
8 or more rooms	20	...	...	11,395	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	65	...	...	48,300	...	...
One person or fewer per room	65	...	...	48,035	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	65	...	...	48,305	...	...
Suitable	70	...	...	47,245	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	1,060	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	65	...	...	48,305	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	10,395	...	...
1961 to 1980	45	...	...	13,665	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	7,950	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	5,470	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	3,435	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	4,150	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	3,235	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	65	...	...	48,305	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	55	...	...	45,890	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	2,415	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	70	...	...	48,300	...	...
1 household maintainer	50	...	...	29,525	...	...
2 household maintainers	15	...	...	18,420	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	360	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	65	...	...	48,300	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	1,615	...	...
25 to 34 years	0	...	...	6,125	...	...
35 to 44 years	15	...	...	7,810	...	...
45 to 54 years	10	...	...	9,265	...	...
55 to 64 years	10	...	...	10,570	...	...
65 to 74 years	10	...	...	8,090	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	3,765	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	1,060	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	47,475	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	38,195	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	9,280	...	...
30% to less than 100%	x	...	...	8,635	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	65	...	...	29,650	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	62.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	11.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	350	...	...	919	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	450	...	...	957	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	60,005	...	...	219,163	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	66,032	...	...	241,595	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	17,870	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	7.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	32.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	637	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	691	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	115	60	55	89,390	44,325	45,065
No certificate, diploma or degree	60	35	30	22,295	11,875	10,420
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	25	10	10	22,455	10,275	12,180
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30	15	20	44,645	22,180	22,465
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	10	17,680	10,785	6,890
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	0	0	12,795	6,950	5,845
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	4,880	3,840	1,045
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15	10	0	14,155	5,920	8,235
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	2,610	1,050	1,560
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	10	10,200	4,420	5,785
Bachelor's degree	0	0	10	7,060	2,935	4,125
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	810	315	500
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	365	230	130
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,770	845	925
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	200	90	105
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	75	40	35	58,445	29,210	29,235
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	20	10	10,245	5,975	4,270
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15	10	10	13,990	6,625	7,370
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35	15	15	34,205	16,605	17,595
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	0	10	13,785	8,150	5,640
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	0	10	10,185	5,290	4,900
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	3,600	2,860	740
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15	15	0	10,535	4,430	6,105
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	1,730	670	1,055
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	10	8,160	3,360	4,805
Bachelor's degree	10	0	10	5,675	2,285	3,390
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	620	230	390
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	275	150	125
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,430	620	805
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	165	80	85
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	120	60	55	89,395	44,325	45,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	85	45	35	44,750	22,150	22,600
Education	10	0	10	3,680	805	2,875
13. Education	10	0	10	3,680	805	2,875
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,295	490	805
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	205	165	35
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,085	325	765
Humanities	0	0	0	1,815	670	1,145
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	145	30	110
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	25	15	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,210	420	785
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	40	30	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	115	65	50
54. History	0	0	0	100	55	50
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	185	55	125
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	2,845	775	2,075
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	10	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	260	65	200
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,040	90	950
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	410	145	260
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	80	25	55
42. Psychology	0	0	0	455	115	340
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	580	325	260
Business, management and public administration	0	0	0	9,450	3,085	6,365
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	355	80	275
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	0	9,075	2,990	6,080
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,015	560	455
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	330	125	210
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	260	170	85
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	120	55	70
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	230	175	50
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	75	35	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,210	785	430
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,035	705	330
25. Library science	0	0	0	75	25	55
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	90	45	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	0	12,150	11,335	810
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	170	95	75
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,180	1,015	170
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	2,570	2,220	350
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	2,565	2,500	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	2,810	2,765	45
48. Precision production	0	0	0	2,850	2,740	110
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	1,385	870	520
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	1,215	755	455
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	175	115	60
Health and related fields	0	0	0	5,765	1,005	4,765
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	335	130	200
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	5,375	830	4,545
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	60	40	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	4,010	1,800	2,210
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	2,540	480	2,060
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	10
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	575	490	85
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	890	830	65
Other	0	0	0	20	0	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	20	0	20
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	75	40	35	58,445	29,210	29,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	40	25	20	24,240	12,600	11,640
Education	10	0	10	2,340	475	1,870
13. Education	10	0	10	2,340	470	1,865
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	975	330	645
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	145	115	35
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	830	215	610
Humanities	0	0	0	1,085	400	685
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	125	20	105
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	20	15	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	675	250	425
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	65	40	25
54. History	0	0	0	65	30	40
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	110	30	80
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	2,250	525	1,720
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	10	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	195	45	150
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	855	45	810
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	310	100	210
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	55	10	45
42. Psychology	0	0	0	345	75	275
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	460	250	215
Business, management and public administration	10	0	10	7,485	2,285	5,205
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	270	55	220
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	0	7,205	2,230	4,980
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	665	360	305
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	275	95	175
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	125	90	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	10	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	195	145	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	60	20	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,050	680	365
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	920	635	285
25. Library science	0	0	0	60	15	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	60	25	35
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	10	9,410	8,730	680
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	135	85	55
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,005	860	145
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	2,115	1,795	320
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	0	10	1,905	1,855	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	2,075	2,050	30
48. Precision production	0	0	0	2,165	2,090	75
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	1,105	655	455
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	970	580	395
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	140	80	60
Health and related fields	0	0	0	4,550	740	3,810
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	270	105	165
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	4,235	615	3,625
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	45	25	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	3,275	1,425	1,850
12. Personal and culinary services	0	10	0	2,090	380	1,710
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	460	385	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	720	665	60
Other	0	0	0	15	0	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	15	0	15
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	120	60	55	89,390	44,325	45,070
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	90	45	40	44,745	22,145	22,600
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30	15	20	44,645	22,175	22,470
Location of study inside Canada	30	15	15	43,215	21,340	21,875
Same as province or territory of residence	30	15	15	42,545	20,935	21,605
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	670	405	270
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	1,430	840	595
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	110	65	50
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	20	20	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	10	10
France	0	0	0	330	245	85
Other	0	0	0	930	490	440
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	75	40	35	58,445	29,210	29,230
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45	25	20	24,235	12,600	11,635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30	15	15	34,205	16,610	17,595
Location of study inside Canada	30	15	15	33,080	15,980	17,100
Same as province or territory of residence	30	15	15	32,575	15,690	16,890
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	505	295	210
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	1,120	625	495
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	85	40	45
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	25	10	15
France	0	0	0	255	180	75
Other	0	0	0	740	380	360
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	120	60	60	89,390	44,325	45,070
In the labour force	65	35	25	57,025	29,860	27,165
Employed	35	25	10	53,730	27,910	25,825
Unemployed	30	15	20	3,295	1,955	1,345
Not in the labour force	50	25	30	32,370	14,465	17,905
Participation rate	54.2	58.3	41.7	63.8	67.4	60.3
Employment rate	29.2	41.7	16.7	60.1	63.0	57.3
Unemployment rate	46.2	42.9	80.0	5.8	6.5	5.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	120	60	55	89,395	44,325	45,065
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	40	15	25	29,525	12,945	16,580
Worked	80	50	35	59,865	31,380	28,490
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	10	0	0	29,165	16,325	12,835
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	70	40	30	30,705	15,060	15,645
Average weeks worked in reference year	20.8	22.1	18.7	42.9	43.2	42.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	65	35	25	57,025	29,860	27,165
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	935	515	420
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	65	35	25	56,090	29,345	26,745
Employee	55	25	30	48,890	25,100	23,790
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	10	10	0	7,200	4,245	2,955
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	65	40	30	57,025	29,860	27,165
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	930	515	420
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	65	35	25	56,095	29,350	26,745
0 Management occupations	0	0	0	5,425	3,525	1,895
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10	0	10	7,440	1,970	5,470
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	3,010	2,290	715
3 Health occupations	0	0	0	3,575	510	3,060
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10	0	10	5,220	1,195	4,015
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	1,205	525	685
6 Sales and service occupations	15	0	10	12,805	5,045	7,760
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10	0	0	9,670	9,155	515
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	25	0	1,345	1,100	250
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	6,405	4,025	2,375
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	60	35	25	57,030	29,860	27,165
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	935	515	420
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	65	40	30	56,095	29,350	26,745
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	30	20	10	2,455	1,655	805
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	70	60	15
22 Utilities	0	0	0	225	175	50
23 Construction	0	0	0	3,590	3,200	395
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	13,025	8,915	4,105
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	2,570	1,795	775
44-45 Retail trade	0	0	0	6,870	3,005	3,865
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	1,960	1,520	435
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	585	295	300
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	1,455	445	1,015
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	535	310	225
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	2,415	1,185	1,235
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	20	20	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	1,885	1,120	770
61 Educational services	0	0	0	3,230	780	2,445
62 Health care and social assistance	15	0	10	6,440	835	5,605
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	1,005	510	500
72 Accommodation and food services	15	0	15	3,490	1,270	2,220
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	2,660	1,340	1,320
91 Public administration	0	0	0	1,585	910	675
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	35	30	10	53,730	27,905	25,825
Worked at home	10	10	0	3,870	1,845	2,020
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	100	80	15
No fixed workplace address	25	25	10	4,395	3,420	980
Worked at usual place	10	0	10	45,365	22,565	22,800
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	0	0	10	45,365	22,560	22,800
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	0	0	0	21,560	9,905	11,650
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	10	7,465	3,790	3,675
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	16,270	8,810	7,465
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	70	55	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	30	20	10	49,765	25,980	23,780
Car, truck, van - as a driver	20	15	0	43,595	23,065	20,530
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	0	0	0	1,995	855	1,140
Public transit	0	0	0	430	145	285
Walked	10	0	10	2,885	1,365	1,520
Bicycle	0	0	0	430	315	115
Other method	0	0	0	435	235	195
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	30	20	10	49,765	25,980	23,785
Less than 15 minutes	20	10	10	22,460	10,885	11,575
15 to 29 minutes	10	10	0	15,580	8,105	7,465
30 to 44 minutes	0	0	0	6,360	3,435	2,920
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	2,635	1,690	950
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	2,730	1,860	875
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	30	20	10	49,765	25,980	23,785
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	2,865	2,100	765
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	0	0	0	10,370	6,990	3,380
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	0	0	0	15,930	7,580	8,350
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10	0	10	7,895	2,930	4,965
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	10	0	3,805	1,335	2,470
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	0	10	0	8,895	5,045	3,855
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	80	55	30	61,295	32,055	29,240
Single responses	85	50	30	59,340	30,910	28,435
Official languages	85	55	35	59,230	30,820	28,415
English	85	50	30	1,355	800	555
French	0	0	0	57,880	30,020	27,860
Non-official languages	0	0	0	110	90	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	105	90	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	105	95	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	15	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	85	75	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	80	70	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,955	1,145	810
English and French	0	0	0	1,865	1,100	765
English and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	10	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	25	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	85	50	30	61,295	32,055	29,245
None	85	50	35	47,875	24,685	23,185
English	0	0	0	12,035	6,590	5,445
French	0	0	0	1,005	595	410
Non-official language	0	0	0	255	110	140
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	255	110	140
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	120	65	60
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	130	70	60	107,065	53,355	53,710
Non-movers	130	70	60	94,245	47,110	47,135
Movers	0	0	0	12,820	6,245	6,575
Non-migrants	0	0	0	7,315	3,485	3,825
Migrants	0	0	0	5,500	2,760	2,745
Internal migrants	0	0	0	5,285	2,630	2,650
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	5,180	2,575	2,605
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	100	60	45
External migrants	0	0	0	220	130	95
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	125	70	60	102,065	50,885	51,180
Non-movers	110	50	55	64,765	32,565	32,200
Movers	15	15	0	37,300	18,320	18,980
Non-migrants	0	0	0	20,535	9,970	10,565
Migrants	15	10	10	16,765	8,350	8,410
Internal migrants	15	10	0	15,810	7,850	7,960
Intraprovincial migrants	20	10	0	15,555	7,735	7,825
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	255	115	135
External migrants	0	0	0	955	500	455

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^E

use with caution
After the release of the 2016 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, issues affecting the data are occasionally uncovered. It is not possible to make changes to the 2016 or 2011 Census data presented in release tables.
Refer to the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Division No. 9, Subd. H, SNO [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Shefford [Federal electoral district], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 16, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Shefford [Federal electoral district], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Shefford [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Shefford [Federal electoral district], Quebec