Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Essex [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Division No. 9, Subd. H, SNO Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]			Essex Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Change geography 1			Data quality : Essex [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	159	...	...	125,442	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	179 ^rE	...	...	120,477	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-11.2 ^E	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	221	...	...	48,268	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	76	...	...	46,332	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.1	...	...	114.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,134.58	...	...	1,100.62	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	160	90	70	125,440	62,360	63,080
0 to 14 years	15	10	5	21,940	11,350	10,590
0 to 4 years	5	0	0	6,200	3,235	2,970
5 to 9 years	10	5	5	7,505	3,885	3,620
10 to 14 years	5	5	5	8,230	4,235	4,000
15 to 64 years	100	55	45	82,125	40,955	41,165
15 to 19 years	5	0	5	8,415	4,435	3,980
20 to 24 years	5	0	5	7,405	3,770	3,640
25 to 29 years	5	5	5	5,730	2,930	2,800
30 to 34 years	5	5	5	6,175	2,975	3,200
35 to 39 years	10	5	0	7,435	3,620	3,810
40 to 44 years	5	5	5	8,705	4,290	4,420
45 to 49 years	15	10	5	9,370	4,635	4,740
50 to 54 years	20	15	10	10,375	5,105	5,265
55 to 59 years	5	10	5	9,865	4,965	4,900
60 to 64 years	15	5	10	8,640	4,230	4,410
65 years and over	45	25	20	21,380	10,055	11,330
65 to 69 years	25	10	15	7,685	3,785	3,900
70 to 74 years	10	10	5	5,295	2,635	2,660
75 to 79 years	5	5	5	3,515	1,665	1,855
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	2,390	1,090	1,300
85 years and over	5	0	5	2,495	875	1,615
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	1,495	605	885
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	780	205	570
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	195	55	140
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	5	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9.4	11.1	7.1	17.5	18.2	16.8
15 to 64 years	62.5	61.1	64.3	65.5	65.7	65.3
65 years and over	28.1	27.8	28.6	17.0	16.1	18.0
85 years and over	3.1	0.0	7.1	2.0	1.4	2.6
Average age of the population	49.4	48.3	50.8	41.3	40.6	42.1
Median age of the population	53.1	51.8	54.5	43.3	42.6	44.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	75	...	...	46,335	...	...
Single-detached house	70	...	...	39,990	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	505	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5	...	...	5,135	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	1,360	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	1,590	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	315	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	1,830	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	45	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	695	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	80	...	...	46,335	...	...
1 person	15	...	...	9,500	...	...
2 persons	40	...	...	16,560	...	...
3 persons	10	...	...	7,525	...	...
4 persons	5	...	...	8,230	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	4,515	...	...
Number of persons in private households	160	...	...	122,575	...	...
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	145	80	65	103,505	51,005	52,495
Married or living common law	95	50	45	66,055	33,150	32,905
Married	70	35	30	59,030	29,655	29,375
Living common law	30	10	15	7,020	3,495	3,530
Not married and not living common law	50	30	20	37,450	17,855	19,590
Never married	30	20	15	24,270	13,315	10,960
Separated	5	0	0	2,460	1,055	1,410
Divorced	5	0	0	5,115	2,285	2,825
Widowed	15	5	10	5,600	1,195	4,400
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	55	...	...	36,930	...	...
2 persons	40	...	...	17,545	...	...
3 persons	10	...	...	7,570	...	...
4 persons	5	...	...	8,090	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	3,725	...	...
Average size of census families	2.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	60	...	...	36,930	...	...
Total couple families	50	...	...	32,305	...	...
Married couples	35	...	...	28,800	...	...
Common-law couples	15	...	...	3,510	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	15	...	...	4,620	...	...
Female parent	10	...	...	3,525	...	...
Male parent	5	...	...	1,090	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	32,310	...	...
Couples without children	35	...	...	14,940	...	...
Couples with children	10	...	...	17,370	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	6,065	...	...
2 children	0	...	...	7,690	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	3,625	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	4,620	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	2,605	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	1,505	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	505	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	20	15	5	12,610	5,865	6,745
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	75	...	...	46,330	...	...
One-census-family households	55	...	...	35,460	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	35	...	...	14,320	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	25	...	...	21,140	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	720	...	...
Non-census-family households	15	...	...	10,145	...	...
One-person households	15	...	...	9,500	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	0	...	...	645	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	160	90	70	124,610	62,055	62,555
English only	155	90	70	109,885	55,335	54,555
French only	0	0	0	65	35	35
English and French	0	0	5	13,630	6,125	7,505
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,025	565	460
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	160	90	70	124,610	62,055	62,555
English	155	85	70	119,820	59,690	60,140
French	0	0	0	3,460	1,665	1,795
English and French	0	0	0	315	150	165
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,015	555	455
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	3,620	1,735	1,885
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.9	2.8	3.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	160	90	70	124,610	62,055	62,555
Single responses	160	90	70	122,815	61,200	61,620
Official languages	160	90	70	108,155	53,870	54,290
English	160	90	70	104,310	52,020	52,285
French	0	0	0	3,850	1,850	2,000
Non-official languages	0	0	0	14,655	7,325	7,330
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	14,650	7,325	7,325
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,205	610	595
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,200	610	590
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	1,005	510	490
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	15	15
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	85	40	45
Harari	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	60	35	25
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	155	60	95
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	20	5	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	130	50	80
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	280	105	175
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	240	85	155
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	10	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	85	45	40
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	45	20	25
Tamil	0	0	0	30	15	15
Telugu	0	0	0	10	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	11,405	5,755	5,650
Albanian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Armenian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,405	1,145	1,255
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,390	1,140	1,245
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	285	140	145
Czech	0	0	0	50	20	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	310	155	155
Polish	0	0	0	615	275	340
Russian	0	0	0	105	40	70
Serbian	0	0	0	420	215	200
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slovak	0	0	0	360	180	175
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	150	70	85
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	2,705	1,325	1,380
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dutch	0	0	0	310	160	150
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	5
German	0	0	0	2,305	1,120	1,180
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	40	10	25
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	185	85	100
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	975	475	500
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	880	430	450
Bengali	0	0	0	30	10	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	70	35	35
Hindi	0	0	0	105	55	50
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	460	230	235
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Urdu	0	0	0	185	85	95
Iranian languages	0	0	0	80	40	40
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	80	40	35
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	4,985	2,650	2,340
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	2,740	1,400	1,340
Portuguese	0	0	0	855	425	430
Romanian	0	0	0	380	190	190
Spanish	0	0	0	1,010	630	380
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Japanese	0	0	0	15	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	145	80	70
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	755	360	390
Chinese languages	0	0	0	745	360	385
Cantonese	0	0	0	265	130	140
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	395	195	200
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	25	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	15	25
Lao	0	0	0	30	10	15
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	75	35	40
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Turkish	0	0	0	60	30	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	400	205	205
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	40	25	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	360	175	180
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,790	855	935
English and French	0	0	0	650	290	355
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,040	510	530
French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	30	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	25	20
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	155	85	70	124,610	62,055	62,550
Single responses	155	90	70	122,085	60,865	61,220
Official languages	160	85	70	116,815	58,155	58,660
English	160	85	70	115,950	57,755	58,195
French	0	0	0	865	395	470
Non-official languages	0	0	0	5,270	2,710	2,560
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5,265	2,710	2,560
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	445	230	220
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	445	225	220
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	375	190	185
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	20	15	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	40	20	20
Harari	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	30	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	20	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	100	45	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	90	40	50
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	3,885	2,015	1,870
Albanian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Armenian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	730	355	380
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	730	355	370
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	55	25	25
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	100	50	50
Polish	0	0	0	245	115	125
Russian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Serbian	0	0	0	140	75	70
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	100	40	55
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	740	375	365
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	25	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	680	350	335
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Greek	0	0	0	45	20	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	585	280	305
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	540	260	280
Bengali	0	0	0	15	5	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	10	20
Hindi	0	0	0	55	30	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	315	160	155
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	115	55	55
Iranian languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	40	15	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,725	960	770
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	535	230	305
Portuguese	0	0	0	280	120	155
Romanian	0	0	0	160	80	80
Spanish	0	0	0	745	525	225
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	85	50	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	455	230	225
Chinese languages	0	0	0	450	225	225
Cantonese	0	0	0	125	55	70
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	270	140	130
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Lao	0	0	0	20	10	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	5	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	85	35	45
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	80	40	45
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	2,525	1,185	1,335
English and French	0	0	0	305	130	180
English and non-official language	0	0	0	2,145	1,030	1,120
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	60	20	35
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	160	90	70	124,610	62,055	62,555
None	160	90	70	113,445	56,820	56,630
English	0	0	0	2,800	1,405	1,390
French	0	0	0	3,150	1,365	1,790
Non-official language	0	0	0	5,050	2,400	2,655
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	5,050	2,400	2,650
English and French	0	0	0	20	10	15
English and non-official language	0	0	0	40	20	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	90	40	55
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	145	80	65	100,685	49,560	51,120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	96,520	47,690	48,825
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	40,292	49,804	31,042
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	96,575	47,690	48,880
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	35,951	43,546	28,287
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	89,695	45,290	44,410
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	36,844	46,531	27,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	68,135	30,605	37,530
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	5,496	4,849	5,788
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	75,415	40,085	35,325
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	35,485	43,918	29,315
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	115	65	60	100,720	49,550	51,170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	96,570	47,700	48,875
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	52,564	65,002	40,425
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	96,635	47,700	48,930
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	43,429	52,559	34,529
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	89,800	45,280	44,525
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	50,641	63,253	37,815
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	68,415	30,635	37,775
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	7,727	7,721	7,732
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	75,450	40,090	35,355
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	48,799	58,219	38,116
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	x	x	x	100,720	49,555	51,170
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	x	x	x	36,225	21,035	15,190
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	x	x	x	59,770	68,604	49,523
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	x	x	x	72,538	83,400	57,493
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	x	x	x	89.6	92.3	85.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	x	x	x	72.5	75.2	68.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	x	x	x	10.4	7.7	14.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	x	x	x	100,680	49,565	51,120
Without total income	x	x	x	4,170	1,870	2,295
With total income	x	x	x	96,515	47,690	48,825
Percentage with total income	x	x	x	95.9	96.2	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	12,305	4,690	7,620
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	13,435	4,590	8,845
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	11,605	4,320	7,285
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	10,570	4,700	5,865
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	10,825	5,650	5,180
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	8,220	4,490	3,730
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	6,420	3,790	2,630
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	5,210	3,330	1,880
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	4,350	2,780	1,565
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	3,755	2,165	1,595
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	9,815	7,180	2,640
$100,000 to $149,999	x	x	x	6,665	4,730	1,940
$150,000 and over	x	x	x	3,155	2,450	700
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	x	x	100,685	49,565	51,120
Without after-tax income	x	x	x	4,110	1,870	2,240
With after-tax income	x	x	x	96,570	47,695	48,880
Percentage with after-tax income	x	x	x	95.9	96.2	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	12,795	4,770	8,030
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	14,135	4,855	9,275
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	13,605	5,210	8,400
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	13,395	6,455	6,940
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	11,980	6,485	5,495
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	8,725	5,265	3,460
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	6,730	4,385	2,345
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	5,270	3,180	2,085
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	9,940	7,095	2,845
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	3,170	2,105	1,065
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,775	1,260	515
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	4,995	3,725	1,270
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	x	x	x	100,685	49,565	51,120
Without employment income	x	x	x	25,270	9,480	15,790
With employment income	x	x	x	75,410	40,085	35,325
Percentage with employment income	x	x	x	74.9	80.9	69.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	13,160	7,620	5,540
$5,000 to $9,999	x	x	x	5,330	2,250	3,080
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	8,515	3,450	5,065
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	7,015	2,775	4,240
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	6,660	2,850	3,815
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	6,280	2,800	3,480
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	5,160	2,735	2,420
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	4,540	2,715	1,825
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	4,130	2,725	1,410
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	14,620	10,160	4,455
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	3,380	2,180	1,195
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	3,315	1,870	1,450
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	7,925	6,110	1,815
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	75	...	...	46,330	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	46,720	...	...	88,045	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	44,800	...	...	76,205	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	9,505	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	41,489	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	36,539	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	36,830	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	102,831	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	88,008	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	x	...	...	46,335	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	109,551	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	90,567	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	9,495	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	53,658	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	43,938	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	36,845	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	123,956	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	102,584	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	x	...	...	46,330	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	315	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	345	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	645	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	880	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	1,280	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	1,185	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	1,430	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	1,480	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	1,620	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	1,715	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	3,430	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	3,225	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	3,185	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	3,005	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,770	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	19,825	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	5,865	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	4,365	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	x	...	...	5,370	...	...
$200,000 and over	x	...	...	4,230	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	...	...	46,330	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	350	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	355	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	670	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	925	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	1,430	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	1,350	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	1,695	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	1,870	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	2,010	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	2,100	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	4,090	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	3,985	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	3,810	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	3,435	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,995	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	15,255	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	5,890	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	3,765	...	...
$150,000 and over	x	...	...	5,600	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	x	...	...	36,430	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	102,841	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	87,972	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.3	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	14,025	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	83,586	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	72,928	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	17,540	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	133,431	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	111,916	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	4,240	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	62,579	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	56,548	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	x	...	...	36,415	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	124,169	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	102,694	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	13,885	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	100,771	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	83,883	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	17,570	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	153,481	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	126,266	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	4,250	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	81,629	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	68,091	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	10,880	5,225	5,655
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	39,507	45,879	33,664
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	35,144	39,760	31,025
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	x	x	x	10,865	5,170	5,690
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	51,085	60,218	42,783
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	42,090	47,768	36,929
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	x	x	x	122,570	60,885	61,685
In the bottom half of the distribution	x	x	x	44,760	21,305	23,455
In the bottom decile	x	x	x	5,465	2,590	2,880
In the second decile	x	x	x	7,245	3,140	4,110
In the third decile	x	x	x	9,275	4,330	4,950
In the fourth decile	x	x	x	10,720	5,165	5,545
In the fifth decile	x	x	x	12,055	6,080	5,975
In the top half of the distribution	x	x	x	77,810	39,585	38,225
In the sixth decile	x	x	x	13,410	6,685	6,725
In the seventh decile	x	x	x	14,700	7,460	7,245
In the eighth decile	x	x	x	16,000	8,140	7,865
In the ninth decile	x	x	x	17,090	8,760	8,330
In the top decile	x	x	x	16,605	8,535	8,065
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	x	x	x	122,575	60,890	61,685
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	26,910	13,955	12,955
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	7,580	3,935	3,650
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	75,700	37,335	38,360
65 years and over	x	x	x	19,960	9,595	10,365
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	x	x	x	8,845	3,995	4,855
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	2,335	1,195	1,135
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	715	350	360
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	5,090	2,300	2,795
65 years and over	x	x	x	1,415	495	920
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	x	x	x	7.2	6.6	7.9
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	8.7	8.6	8.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	9.4	8.9	9.9
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	6.7	6.2	7.3
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	7.1	5.2	8.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	x	x	x	3,585	1,740	1,845
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	820	415	400
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	210	105	100
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	2,495	1,215	1,280
65 years and over	x	x	x	270	105	165
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	2.9	2.9	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	3.0	3.0	3.1
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	2.8	2.7	2.7
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	3.3	3.3	3.3
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	1.4	1.1	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	130	70	60	122,615	60,915	61,700
Official languages	130	70	60	122,045	60,690	61,355
English	130	70	60	122,005	60,670	61,335
French	10	0	10	13,605	6,110	7,495
Non-official languages	0	0	0	17,160	8,340	8,820
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	25	10	15
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	17,120	8,320	8,795
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,585	805	785
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,580	800	780
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	1,320	660	660
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	15	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	185	95	80
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	105	60	50
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	185	85	100
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Vietnamese	0	0	0	145	75	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	305	95	205
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	40	20	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	255	70	190
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	135	70	65
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	85	35	50
Tamil	0	0	0	55	35	20
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	13,320	6,490	6,830
Albanian	0	0	0	140	65	80
Armenian	0	0	0	105	55	50
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,730	1,320	1,405
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,720	1,315	1,405
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Croatian	0	0	0	460	240	215
Czech	0	0	0	55	25	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	390	205	185
Polish	0	0	0	815	360	455
Russian	0	0	0	140	70	70
Serbian	0	0	0	590	295	300
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Slovak	0	0	0	355	155	195
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	80	30	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	10	25
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Germanic languages	0	0	0	3,115	1,545	1,570
Afrikaans	0	0	0	50	25	20
Danish	0	0	0	35	15	15
Dutch	0	0	0	415	205	210
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	0	0	0	2,555	1,275	1,280
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	15	25
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	145	60	85
Greek	0	0	0	220	110	115
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,150	595	555
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,040	535	505
Bengali	0	0	0	35	15	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	100	50	45
Hindi	0	0	0	340	180	165
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	495	255	240
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	285	150	135
Iranian languages	0	0	0	115	60	55
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	90	55	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	6,200	3,040	3,155
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	3,710	1,880	1,835
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,070	520	550
Romanian	0	0	0	395	185	205
Spanish	0	0	0	1,210	565	650
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	160	90	70
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	95	60	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	10
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	50	25	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	115	45	75
American Sign Language	0	0	0	65	20	50
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	790	370	425
Chinese languages	0	0	0	790	365	420
Cantonese	0	0	0	285	145	135
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	475	225	250
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Lao	0	0	0	25	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	110	60	55
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	115	60	55
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	500	260	240
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	460	240	220
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	130	70	60	122,620	60,915	61,700
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	130	70	60	119,885	59,820	60,070
Canadian citizens aged under 18	15	10	10	26,725	13,910	12,820
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	110	60	55	93,160	45,910	47,250
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	2,730	1,100	1,630
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	130	70	60	122,615	60,915	61,700
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	130	70	60	107,150	53,640	53,505
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	15,175	7,115	8,060
Before 1981	0	0	0	7,715	3,810	3,900
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	1,905	805	1,095
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	2,485	1,115	1,365
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	2,285	995	1,290
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	1,315	585	730
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	975	415	560
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	785	375	400
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	295	160	135
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	15,175	7,110	8,060
Under 5 years	0	0	0	2,310	1,185	1,120
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	3,310	1,645	1,665
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	3,700	1,565	2,135
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	5,050	2,355	2,695
45 years and over	0	0	0	795	365	435
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	15,175	7,115	8,060
Americas	0	0	0	3,545	1,315	2,235
Brazil	0	0	0	50	10	40
Colombia	0	0	0	70	20	45
El Salvador	0	0	0	20	0	20
Guyana	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	15	10	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	60	30	30
Mexico	0	0	0	845	395	445
Peru	0	0	0	15	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	55	20	40
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	2,130	710	1,420
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	275	110	165
Europe	0	0	0	7,895	3,960	3,935
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	95	55	35
Croatia	0	0	0	320	185	135
France	0	0	0	65	40	20
Germany	0	0	0	385	195	190
Greece	0	0	0	80	65	20
Hungary	0	0	0	200	80	125
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	55	35	25
Italy	0	0	0	1,625	905	720
Netherlands	0	0	0	365	200	165
Poland	0	0	0	470	210	265
Portugal	0	0	0	610	285	325
Romania	0	0	0	365	180	180
Russian Federation	0	0	0	65	20	40
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	375	170	200
Ukraine	0	0	0	65	25	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	1,875	890	985
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	875	420	460
Africa	0	0	0	370	195	175
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	20	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	70	45	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	105	55	50
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	130	60	70
Asia	0	0	0	3,290	1,585	1,710
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	30	15	15
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	425	165	260
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	150	65	85
India	0	0	0	640	335	305
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	85	45	40
Iraq	0	0	0	210	105	105
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	145	75	70
Lebanon	0	0	0	420	225	195
Pakistan	0	0	0	190	105	85
Philippines	0	0	0	325	125	195
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	35	20	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	105	45	60
Taiwan	0	0	0	45	20	20
Viet Nam	0	0	0	140	65	75
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	355	165	190
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	70	55	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	780	380	405
Americas	0	0	0	335	160	170
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	25	10	20
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mexico	0	0	0	50	25	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	180	85	95
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	30	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	35	20	10
Europe	0	0	0	110	65	45
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	50	40	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	45	20	20
Africa	0	0	0	20	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	10
Asia	0	0	0	315	145	175
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	85	30	55
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	0	0	0	65	40	25
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	50	20	35
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	25	10	20
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	130	70	60	122,615	60,915	61,700
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	16,360	7,780	8,585
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	0	0	0	24,175	12,040	12,130
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	130	70	60	82,085	41,090	40,990
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	7,715	3,425	4,295
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	3,210	1,565	1,645
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,125	785	335
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	2,085	780	1,310
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	3,350	1,265	2,085
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,030	540	495
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	120	55	65
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	130	70	60	122,615	60,915	61,705
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	30	25	10	3,155	1,545	1,610
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	20	15	0	3,035	1,495	1,540
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	20	15	10	1,210	525	680
Métis	0	0	0	1,815	965	850
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	50	25	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	75	35	40
Non-Aboriginal identity	100	45	55	119,460	59,370	60,095
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	130	70	60	122,615	60,915	61,705
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	0	0	715	380	335
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	115	60	55	121,900	60,535	61,370
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	130	70	60	122,615	60,915	61,700
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	410	225	190
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	405	220	190
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	210	95	115
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	200	125	75
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	20	15	0	5,235	2,480	2,750
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	10	0	0	5,175	2,470	2,710
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	3,440	1,595	1,850
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	1,725	870	855
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	55	15	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	55	15	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	110	55	55	116,975	58,210	58,760
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	130	70	60	122,615	60,915	61,700
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	7,665	3,800	3,865
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	1,630	860	765
Chinese	0	0	0	1,120	530	590
Black	0	0	0	1,645	845	805
Filipino	0	0	0	580	265	315
Latin American	0	0	0	415	150	265
Arab	0	0	0	1,150	595	555
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	265	125	135
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	140	70	65
Korean	0	0	0	190	105	85
Japanese	0	0	0	45	25	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	170	80	95
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	320	150	170
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	125	65	60	114,955	57,110	57,835
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	130	70	60	122,620	60,915	61,700
North American Aboriginal origins	20	15	10	5,645	2,705	2,940
First Nations (North American Indian)	20	15	0	3,715	1,710	2,005
Inuit	10	0	0	0	10	0
Métis	0	0	0	1,985	1,015	970
Other North American origins	110	65	45	43,350	21,510	21,835
Acadian	0	0	0	40	25	15
American	0	0	0	1,865	795	1,065
Canadian	110	60	50	42,275	21,050	21,220
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	55	40	15
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Québécois	0	0	0	55	20	35
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	10	0
European origins	25	15	10	96,610	47,720	48,895
British Isles origins	20	15	10	54,305	26,360	27,945
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	25	10	15	31,965	15,485	16,475
Irish	0	0	0	22,035	10,330	11,710
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish	0	0	10	19,890	9,680	10,210
Welsh	0	0	0	1,705	870	835
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	2,345	1,050	1,300
French origins	0	0	0	36,035	17,675	18,365
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	0	0	0	36,040	17,675	18,360
Western European origins (except French origins)	0	10	0	23,095	11,385	11,705
Austrian	0	0	0	595	280	315
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	1,760	915	850
Dutch	0	0	0	5,135	2,550	2,580
Flemish	0	0	0	40	20	15
Frisian	0	0	0	15	15	0
German	0	10	0	17,050	8,340	8,705
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	350	145	210
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	1,655	730	920
Danish	0	0	0	335	150	190
Finnish	0	0	0	485	220	265
Icelandic	0	0	0	60	25	30
Norwegian	0	0	0	410	200	215
Swedish	0	0	0	385	155	225
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	55	15	35
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	15,570	7,560	8,010
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Byelorussian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	420	205	215
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	375	180	190
Estonian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Hungarian	0	0	0	3,120	1,570	1,545
Latvian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	170	100	65
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	4,855	2,335	2,520
Romanian	0	0	0	1,680	840	840
Russian	0	0	0	1,560	750	810
Slovak	0	0	0	1,385	630	755
Ukrainian	0	0	0	4,225	2,065	2,160
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	50	10	35
Southern European origins	0	0	0	20,745	10,390	10,355
Albanian	0	0	0	185	90	95
Bosnian	0	0	0	50	30	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	1,075	540	530
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	785	355	425
Italian	0	0	0	13,540	6,830	6,715
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	670	350	325
Maltese	0	0	0	430	245	185
Montenegrin	0	0	0	30	15	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	2,375	1,160	1,210
Serbian	0	0	0	1,070	575	495
Sicilian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Slovenian	0	0	0	205	70	135
Spanish	0	0	0	630	275	350
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	665	315	350
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other European origins	0	0	0	310	135	185
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	110	30	75
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	185	90	100
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	570	260	310
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	25	0	20
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	20	20	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	285	140	150
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	130	45	85
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	45	15	25
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	1,400	630	770
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	45	0	45
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	40	30	15
Belizean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Chilean	0	0	0	35	10	25
Colombian	0	0	0	105	40	65
Costa Rican	0	0	0	45	25	20
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	60	20	35
Hispanic	0	0	0	25	10	15
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	20	0	15
Mexican	0	0	0	750	370	385
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	45	20	20
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	40	20	20
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	55	20	35
African origins	0	0	0	1,180	600	585
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	215	120	95
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	15	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	120	70	55
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	15	15
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	15	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	140	70	70
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	70	40	30
Libyan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sudanese	0	0	0	15	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	20	10	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	175	90	85
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
South African	0	0	0	85	35	45
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	680	335	350
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	135	55	80
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	545	275	265
Asian origins	0	0	0	7,820	3,965	3,850
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	3,695	1,905	1,785
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	220	95	125
Armenian	0	0	0	195	90	105
Assyrian	0	0	0	60	40	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	20	10	10
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	160	80	80
Iraqi	0	0	0	390	205	185
Israeli	0	0	0	15	0	15
Jordanian	0	0	0	80	45	35
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	30	20	15
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	2,095	1,115	980
Palestinian	0	0	0	170	80	90
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	240	110	135
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	185	90	95
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	15	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	55	35	20
South Asian origins	0	0	0	1,780	920	860
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	1,495	755	745
Goan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	10	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	225	135	90
Punjabi	0	0	0	40	30	15
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	40	20	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	65	35	30
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	2,450	1,195	1,250
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	50	20	25
Chinese	0	0	0	1,355	670	690
Filipino	0	0	0	650	305	345
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	75	40	35
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	190	110	80
Laotian	0	0	0	50	30	15
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	230	110	115
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	145	90	55
Australian	0	0	0	75	35	35
New Zealander	0	0	0	50	35	15
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	30	25	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	65	...	...	46,335	...	...
Owner	60	...	...	40,945	...	...
Renter	0	...	...	5,390	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	65	...	...	46,340	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	1,690	...	...
Not condominium	65	...	...	44,645	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	65	...	...	46,340	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	40	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	2,070	...	...
2 bedrooms	25	...	...	7,905	...	...
3 bedrooms	15	...	...	21,195	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	20	...	...	15,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	65	...	...	46,335	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	25	...	...	4,270	...	...
5 rooms	15	...	...	5,100	...	...
6 rooms	0	...	...	6,705	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	7,670	...	...
8 or more rooms	20	...	...	22,595	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	65	...	...	46,335	...	...
One person or fewer per room	65	...	...	46,165	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	65	...	...	46,335	...	...
Suitable	70	...	...	45,335	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	1,000	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	65	...	...	46,335	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	10,655	...	...
1961 to 1980	45	...	...	11,890	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	4,760	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	8,545	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	4,740	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	2,985	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	2,750	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	65	...	...	46,335	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	55	...	...	43,880	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	2,460	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	70	...	...	46,340	...	...
1 household maintainer	50	...	...	24,305	...	...
2 household maintainers	15	...	...	21,575	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	455	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	65	...	...	46,335	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	480	...	...
25 to 34 years	0	...	...	4,250	...	...
35 to 44 years	15	...	...	8,210	...	...
45 to 54 years	10	...	...	10,755	...	...
55 to 64 years	10	...	...	10,235	...	...
65 to 74 years	10	...	...	7,550	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	3,740	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	1,120	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	45,660	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	39,375	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	6,285	...	...
30% to less than 100%	x	...	...	5,650	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	65	...	...	40,320	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	60.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	10.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	350	...	...	1,065	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	450	...	...	1,201	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	60,005	...	...	250,619	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	66,032	...	...	297,928	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	5,380	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	13.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	37.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	834	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	851	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	115	60	55	100,720	49,550	51,170
No certificate, diploma or degree	60	35	30	16,960	8,850	8,105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	25	10	10	30,520	15,045	15,480
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30	15	20	53,245	25,655	27,585
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	10	7,710	5,845	1,865
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	0	0	2,915	1,735	1,175
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	4,800	4,115	685
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15	10	0	24,290	10,455	13,840
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	1,675	690	985
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	10	19,565	8,670	10,900
Bachelor's degree	0	0	10	13,405	5,660	7,745
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,635	655	975
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	655	405	250
Master's degree	0	0	0	3,300	1,635	1,665
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	565	310	260
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	75	40	35	65,030	31,790	33,240
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	20	10	5,260	3,005	2,255
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15	10	10	18,575	9,410	9,165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35	15	15	41,195	19,380	21,815
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	0	10	5,230	4,020	1,215
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	0	10	1,965	1,200	765
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	3,265	2,820	445
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15	15	0	19,150	8,195	10,960
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	1,130	475	655
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	10	15,680	6,690	8,985
Bachelor's degree	10	0	10	10,720	4,395	6,325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,325	510	815
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	560	335	220
Master's degree	0	0	0	2,660	1,255	1,405
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	415	195	220
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	120	60	55	100,720	49,550	51,170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	85	45	35	47,475	23,890	23,580
Education	10	0	10	3,795	885	2,910
13. Education	10	0	10	3,790	890	2,905
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,155	495	655
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	155	120	35
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,000	375	625
Humanities	0	0	0	1,965	795	1,165
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	165	25	135
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	460	155	300
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	415	180	235
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	95	60	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	220	120	100
54. History	0	0	0	410	205	205
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	190	40	155
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	5,545	1,700	3,845
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	0	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	635	285	355
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,210	40	1,170
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	820	285	535
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	60	20	45
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,140	250	890
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,645	830	820
Business, management and public administration	0	0	0	9,690	3,555	6,135
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	35	0	30
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	1,050	145	905
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	0	8,605	3,410	5,195
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,715	815	895
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	695	260	435
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	445	215	230
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	10	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	375	275	100
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	185	65	125
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,520	900	625
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,140	725	415
25. Library science	0	0	0	85	25	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	280	135	140
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	0	13,240	12,530	710
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	300	230	75
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,795	1,545	245
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	2,645	2,405	240
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	2,405	2,385	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	2,705	2,640	65
48. Precision production	0	0	0	3,395	3,325	70
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	970	625	350
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	710	470	240
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	260	155	105
Health and related fields	0	0	0	9,910	1,745	8,165
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	670	365	300
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	9,130	1,305	7,820
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	115	70	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	3,725	1,595	2,130
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	2,015	325	1,685
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,265	885	385
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	425	360	65
Other	0	0	0	15	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	75	40	35	65,030	31,795	33,240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	40	25	20	23,835	12,415	11,420
Education	10	0	10	2,695	560	2,135
13. Education	10	0	10	2,695	560	2,135
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	915	390	525
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	125	90	30
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	790	300	490
Humanities	0	0	0	1,345	545	795
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	130	25	110
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	300	90	200
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	310	145	170
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	55	40	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	120	75	50
54. History	0	0	0	285	135	145
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	125	20	105
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	4,520	1,325	3,190
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	525	235	290
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,040	30	1,005
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	675	220	455
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	40	0	30
42. Psychology	0	0	0	880	180	700
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,335	655	680
Business, management and public administration	10	0	10	7,740	2,705	5,035
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	10	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	850	105	745
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	0	6,865	2,595	4,275
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,160	520	640
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	455	150	305
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	325	150	175
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	230	170	60
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	140	50	90
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,250	765	490
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	990	645	345
25. Library science	0	0	0	50	15	35
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	205	95	105
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	10	10,080	9,480	595
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	260	200	55
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,545	1,320	220
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	2,040	1,830	205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	0	10	1,630	1,605	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,950	1,905	50
48. Precision production	0	0	0	2,655	2,620	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	715	430	280
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	530	320	210
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	180	105	75
Health and related fields	0	0	0	7,885	1,385	6,500
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	485	245	240
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	7,305	1,085	6,220
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	100	60	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	2,890	1,265	1,630
12. Personal and culinary services	0	10	0	1,500	225	1,275
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,015	710	310
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	355	305	50
Other	0	0	0	15	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	10	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	120	60	55	100,720	49,550	51,170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	90	45	40	47,475	23,895	23,585
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30	15	20	53,245	25,660	27,590
Location of study inside Canada	30	15	15	47,415	22,600	24,815
Same as province or territory of residence	30	15	15	46,090	21,940	24,150
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	1,325	655	670
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	5,835	3,060	2,770
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	2,875	1,500	1,370
Philippines	0	0	0	160	35	125
India	0	0	0	215	130	85
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	605	360	235
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	120	50	70
France	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other	0	0	0	1,835	970	865
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	75	40	35	65,030	31,795	33,240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45	25	20	23,835	12,415	11,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30	15	15	41,195	19,380	21,815
Location of study inside Canada	30	15	15	36,990	17,290	19,695
Same as province or territory of residence	30	15	15	36,005	16,805	19,200
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	980	485	495
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	4,205	2,090	2,120
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	2,200	1,120	1,075
Philippines	0	0	0	130	30	105
India	0	0	0	190	105	80
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	285	165	125
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	110	45	65
France	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other	0	0	0	1,285	625	665
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	120	60	60	100,720	49,550	51,170
In the labour force	65	35	25	65,570	34,100	31,470
Employed	35	25	10	62,115	32,325	29,795
Unemployed	30	15	20	3,445	1,775	1,675
Not in the labour force	50	25	30	35,155	15,455	19,705
Participation rate	54.2	58.3	41.7	65.1	68.8	61.5
Employment rate	29.2	41.7	16.7	61.7	65.2	58.2
Unemployment rate	46.2	42.9	80.0	5.3	5.2	5.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	120	60	55	100,720	49,550	51,170
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	40	15	25	32,815	14,225	18,590
Worked	80	50	35	67,910	35,330	32,580
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	10	0	0	36,820	21,460	15,355
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	70	40	30	31,095	13,870	17,220
Average weeks worked in reference year	20.8	22.1	18.7	44.0	44.5	43.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	65	35	25	65,565	34,100	31,470
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,115	510	605
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	65	35	25	64,450	33,590	30,865
Employee	55	25	30	57,965	29,485	28,475
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	10	10	0	6,490	4,105	2,385
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	65	40	30	65,570	34,100	31,470
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,115	510	605
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	65	35	25	64,455	33,590	30,865
0 Management occupations	0	0	0	6,635	4,235	2,395
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10	0	10	8,735	2,225	6,505
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	3,775	3,110	665
3 Health occupations	0	0	0	5,660	1,035	4,630
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10	0	10	6,800	2,085	4,715
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	1,090	410	685
6 Sales and service occupations	15	0	10	13,240	4,960	8,280
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10	0	0	10,745	10,060	685
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	25	0	1,525	1,115	410
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	6,255	4,365	1,890
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	60	35	25	65,565	34,100	31,470
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,110	510	605
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	65	40	30	64,455	33,590	30,865
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	30	20	10	1,945	1,230	715
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	255	245	10
22 Utilities	0	0	0	505	365	140
23 Construction	0	0	0	4,325	3,735	590
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	13,295	9,915	3,380
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	1,815	1,220	590
44-45 Retail trade	0	0	0	6,990	3,035	3,960
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	2,750	1,895	850
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	530	275	255
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	2,185	700	1,485
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	775	420	355
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	2,970	1,705	1,265
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	50	35	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	2,045	1,225	825
61 Educational services	0	0	0	4,945	1,365	3,575
62 Health care and social assistance	15	0	10	8,265	1,290	6,980
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	1,650	850	800
72 Accommodation and food services	15	0	15	3,765	1,285	2,485
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	2,445	1,175	1,270
91 Public administration	0	0	0	2,945	1,625	1,325
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	35	30	10	62,115	32,325	29,795
Worked at home	10	10	0	3,130	1,570	1,565
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	2,145	1,345	805
No fixed workplace address	25	25	10	5,630	4,085	1,550
Worked at usual place	10	0	10	51,210	25,325	25,880
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	0	0	10	51,205	25,330	25,880
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	0	0	0	11,730	5,110	6,620
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	10	37,900	19,405	18,495
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	1,460	735	720
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	120	80	40
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	30	20	10	56,840	29,410	27,425
Car, truck, van - as a driver	20	15	0	51,780	26,985	24,795
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	0	0	0	3,000	1,480	1,525
Public transit	0	0	0	230	85	145
Walked	10	0	10	1,255	525	730
Bicycle	0	0	0	235	165	65
Other method	0	0	0	340	180	165
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	30	20	10	56,840	29,415	27,425
Less than 15 minutes	20	10	10	14,900	6,780	8,120
15 to 29 minutes	10	10	0	24,485	12,810	11,675
30 to 44 minutes	0	0	0	13,790	7,730	6,060
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	2,725	1,445	1,285
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	940	650	290
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	30	20	10	56,840	29,410	27,425
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	4,210	2,940	1,265
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	0	0	0	12,245	8,420	3,825
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	0	0	0	14,450	7,060	7,395
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10	0	10	10,440	3,585	6,860
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	10	0	5,045	1,745	3,295
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	0	10	0	10,450	5,655	4,795
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	80	55	30	69,775	36,225	33,550
Single responses	85	50	30	69,400	36,040	33,365
Official languages	85	55	35	69,215	35,945	33,265
English	85	50	30	68,580	35,805	32,770
French	0	0	0	635	140	495
Non-official languages	0	0	0	190	95	95
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	190	90	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	95	55	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	20	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	10
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	65	45	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	0	15
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	45	35	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	80	40	35
Chinese languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Cantonese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	30	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	370	185	185
English and French	0	0	0	160	70	85
English and non-official language	0	0	0	205	110	90
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	85	50	30	69,770	36,225	33,545
None	85	50	35	67,330	35,230	32,100
English	0	0	0	485	140	340
French	0	0	0	1,045	345	705
Non-official language	0	0	0	880	495	390
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	885	495	390
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	130	70	60	121,565	60,300	61,270
Non-movers	130	70	60	111,035	55,035	56,005
Movers	0	0	0	10,530	5,260	5,265
Non-migrants	0	0	0	5,160	2,615	2,545
Migrants	0	0	0	5,370	2,645	2,725
Internal migrants	0	0	0	4,960	2,415	2,540
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	4,465	2,150	2,320
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	490	265	225
External migrants	0	0	0	415	230	180
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	125	70	60	116,535	57,700	58,835
Non-movers	110	50	55	82,095	40,645	41,450
Movers	15	15	0	34,440	17,055	17,385
Non-migrants	0	0	0	18,020	8,995	9,025
Migrants	15	10	10	16,420	8,060	8,360
Internal migrants	15	10	0	15,320	7,520	7,795
Intraprovincial migrants	20	10	0	14,300	7,015	7,285
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,020	505	515
External migrants	0	0	0	1,105	540	565

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^E

use with caution
After the release of the 2016 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, issues affecting the data are occasionally uncovered. It is not possible to make changes to the 2016 or 2011 Census data presented in release tables.
Refer to the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Division No. 9, Subd. H, SNO [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Essex [Federal electoral district], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 19, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Essex [Federal electoral district], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Essex [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 9, Subd. H, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and Essex [Federal electoral district], Ontario