Census Profile, 2016 Census
Shigawake, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Laurier--Sainte-Marie [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Shigawake, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]			Laurier--Sainte-Marie Quebec [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Shigawake, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Shigawake, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Laurier--Sainte-Marie [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	292	...	...	111,835	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	338	...	...	107,034	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-13.6	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	171	...	...	70,379	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	127	...	...	62,938	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.8	...	...	10,756.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	76.82	...	...	10.40	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	290	140	150	111,835	59,865	51,970
0 to 14 years	35	20	15	10,610	5,455	5,155
0 to 4 years	15	10	5	4,575	2,370	2,210
5 to 9 years	5	0	5	3,430	1,745	1,685
10 to 14 years	15	10	10	2,600	1,340	1,255
15 to 64 years	165	80	85	87,795	47,925	39,870
15 to 19 years	15	5	10	3,250	1,555	1,695
20 to 24 years	0	0	5	11,035	5,270	5,760
25 to 29 years	10	5	5	16,105	8,235	7,865
30 to 34 years	15	5	10	13,590	7,305	6,280
35 to 39 years	15	5	10	11,075	6,210	4,865
40 to 44 years	15	5	10	7,605	4,415	3,190
45 to 49 years	15	10	5	6,400	3,780	2,620
50 to 54 years	20	10	10	6,745	4,155	2,595
55 to 59 years	25	10	15	6,305	3,715	2,590
60 to 64 years	30	15	15	5,685	3,280	2,410
65 years and over	95	50	45	13,425	6,485	6,945
65 to 69 years	35	20	20	4,665	2,610	2,060
70 to 74 years	25	10	15	3,220	1,675	1,545
75 to 79 years	10	5	5	2,135	980	1,155
80 to 84 years	15	10	5	1,560	665	890
85 years and over	10	0	5	1,855	555	1,295
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	1,125	390	735
90 to 94 years	0	0	5	550	140	405
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	165	25	135
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	5	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.1	14.3	10.0	9.5	9.1	9.9
15 to 64 years	56.9	57.1	56.7	78.5	80.1	76.7
65 years and over	32.8	35.7	30.0	12.0	10.8	13.4
85 years and over	3.4	0.0	3.3	1.7	0.9	2.5
Average age of the population	49.2	49.2	49.3	39.2	39.4	38.9
Median age of the population	55.1	55.6	54.3	35.5	36.5	34.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	130	...	...	62,940	...	...
Single-detached house	125	...	...	75	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	11,720	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	0	...	...	51,140	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	55	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	955	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	3,370	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	46,490	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	270	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	125	...	...	62,940	...	...
1 person	35	...	...	33,825	...	...
2 persons	50	...	...	18,880	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	5,935	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	3,125	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	1,175	...	...
Number of persons in private households	295	...	...	108,235	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	1.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	255	125	130	101,225	54,410	46,815
Married or living common law	140	70	70	38,785	20,600	18,185
Married	100	50	50	16,435	8,560	7,875
Living common law	40	20	20	22,355	12,040	10,310
Not married and not living common law	115	50	60	62,440	33,805	28,630
Never married	65	35	35	50,225	28,915	21,310
Separated	0	0	5	1,735	855	885
Divorced	25	15	10	7,265	3,305	3,965
Widowed	25	5	15	3,215	740	2,475
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	90	...	...	22,530	...	...
2 persons	50	...	...	14,985	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	4,170	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	2,525	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	850	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	90	...	...	22,535	...	...
Total couple families	70	...	...	18,750	...	...
Married couples	50	...	...	7,570	...	...
Common-law couples	20	...	...	11,180	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	20	...	...	3,785	...	...
Female parent	15	...	...	2,920	...	...
Male parent	5	...	...	865	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	70	...	...	18,750	...	...
Couples without children	40	...	...	12,295	...	...
Couples with children	30	...	...	6,450	...	...
1 child	15	...	...	3,320	...	...
2 children	10	...	...	2,345	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	785	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	15	...	...	3,785	...	...
1 child	15	...	...	2,685	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	850	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	60	30	25	51,115	28,765	22,350
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	130	...	...	62,940	...	...
One-census-family households	85	...	...	22,220	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	40	...	...	12,180	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	45	...	...	10,040	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5	...	...	155	...	...
Non-census-family households	40	...	...	40,570	...	...
One-person households	30	...	...	33,820	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	10	...	...	6,745	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	295	145	150	109,630	58,645	50,980
English only	100	50	55	7,250	4,030	3,210
French only	75	35	40	26,235	13,040	13,190
English and French	115	65	50	74,570	40,990	33,580
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,575	580	995
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	295	145	145	109,625	58,645	50,980
English	175	80	85	18,155	9,905	8,250
French	120	60	60	84,805	45,505	39,305
English and French	0	0	0	5,120	2,675	2,445
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,545	565	980
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	170	85	85	20,715	11,245	9,475
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	57.6	58.6	58.6	18.9	19.2	18.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	290	145	145	109,630	58,645	50,985
Single responses	290	145	145	106,225	56,770	49,455
Official languages	290	145	145	86,360	46,685	39,675
English	165	80	85	11,000	6,110	4,885
French	120	60	60	75,360	40,575	34,785
Non-official languages	0	0	0	19,870	10,090	9,785
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5	5	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	19,845	10,070	9,770
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,770	1,695	1,070
Berber languages	0	0	0	185	105	75
Kabyle	0	0	0	80	50	35
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	60	45
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	2,555	1,570	985
Amharic	0	0	0	30	15	15
Arabic	0	0	0	2,460	1,520	940
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	55	30	25
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	800	390	410
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	100	45	55
Vietnamese	0	0	0	700	345	355
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	150	55	100
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	20	5	15
Malay	0	0	0	40	15	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	80	30	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	370	200	170
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	20	10	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	335	180	155
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	115	60	60
Kannada	0	0	0	10	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	95	40	55
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	11,230	5,720	5,510
Albanian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Armenian	0	0	0	100	55	45
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,465	640	830
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,450	635	820
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	120	55	70
Croatian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Czech	0	0	0	50	25	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Polish	0	0	0	305	135	170
Russian	0	0	0	645	260	385
Serbian	0	0	0	95	50	45
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	50	25	30
Slovak	0	0	0	30	15	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	85	35	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Germanic languages	0	0	0	645	310	335
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dutch	0	0	0	100	50	50
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	425	210	215
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	50	25	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Greek	0	0	0	215	115	95
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,130	1,100	1,025
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,320	690	635
Bengali	0	0	0	960	480	480
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	20	20
Hindi	0	0	0	90	50	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	60	30	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	140	85	55
Iranian languages	0	0	0	800	410	390
Kurdish	0	0	0	25	15	5
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	765	385	380
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	6,635	3,480	3,155
Catalan	0	0	0	40	20	15
Italian	0	0	0	525	290	235
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,315	680	630
Romanian	0	0	0	380	180	210
Spanish	0	0	0	4,370	2,305	2,070
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Japanese	0	0	0	190	60	125
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Georgian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Korean	0	0	0	205	100	105
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	420	210	210
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Edo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	50	15	30
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	25	10	15
Wolof	0	0	0	65	30	35
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	55
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	3,155	1,365	1,795
Chinese languages	0	0	0	3,160	1,365	1,795
Cantonese	0	0	0	1,305	545	760
Hakka	0	0	0	40	15	20
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,490	650	840
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	105	45	60
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	180	90	90
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	85	35	50
Lao	0	0	0	50	25	25
Thai	0	0	0	35	10	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	180	100	75
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Turkish	0	0	0	165	95	70
Uyghur	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	110	45	65
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	90	35	55
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	15
Multiple responses	5	0	5	3,395	1,875	1,525
English and French	5	0	0	1,425	790	635
English and non-official language	0	0	0	515	275	245
French and non-official language	0	0	0	1,175	640	530
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	285	170	115
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	290	145	150	109,625	58,645	50,980
Single responses	290	140	150	104,320	55,815	48,500
Official languages	285	145	145	94,655	51,215	43,440
English	180	90	90	15,420	8,495	6,920
French	110	55	55	79,235	42,715	36,520
Non-official languages	0	0	0	9,670	4,605	5,065
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	9,660	4,600	5,060
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	870	480	385
Berber languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	25	15	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oromo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	830	455	370
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	800	445	355
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	10	15
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	425	195	235
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	390	180	215
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	145	70	75
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	125	60	60
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	55	25	25
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	5,365	2,595	2,770
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	565	245	320
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	570	250	320
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Polish	0	0	0	85	45	45
Russian	0	0	0	300	125	175
Serbian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	135	65	75
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	95	45	50
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	60	30	35
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,355	655	700
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	870	420	445
Bengali	0	0	0	710	340	375
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	35	20	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	75	45	35
Iranian languages	0	0	0	485	230	255
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	10	5
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	465	220	245
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	3,195	1,570	1,630
Catalan	0	0	0	25	10	10
Italian	0	0	0	130	70	60
Portuguese	0	0	0	690	325	360
Romanian	0	0	0	140	70	70
Spanish	0	0	0	2,215	1,095	1,130
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	65	25	40
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	100	45	50
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	5	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	5	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	15	5	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,370	1,030	1,335
Chinese languages	0	0	0	2,365	1,030	1,340
Cantonese	0	0	0	1,065	425	640
Hakka	0	0	0	10	10	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,095	505	590
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	45	25	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	120	55	65
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	55	30	25
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	5	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	5	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple responses	5	0	0	5,305	2,830	2,475
English and French	0	0	5	1,970	1,135	835
English and non-official language	0	0	0	805	425	380
French and non-official language	0	0	0	1,890	900	990
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	635	370	270
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	295	145	150	109,625	58,645	50,985
None	245	120	125	82,400	43,740	38,655
English	10	5	5	11,680	6,595	5,085
French	30	10	15	6,180	3,305	2,875
Non-official language	0	0	0	7,220	3,825	3,390
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	7,210	3,820	3,390
English and French	0	0	0	700	355	350
English and non-official language	0	0	0	895	525	375
French and non-official language	0	0	0	500	270	230
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	30	20
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	250	120	130	97,630	52,315	45,315
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	240	115	120	95,230	51,240	43,990
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,528	25,920	21,280	29,467	31,439	27,241
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	245	120	120	95,235	51,245	43,995
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	20,736	24,032	19,776	26,901	28,274	25,497
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	165	85	80	82,530	44,385	38,145
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	18,752	21,312	18,368	30,822	34,242	27,154
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	225	115	115	73,305	37,870	35,435
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	13,248	13,472	12,784	1,770	1,538	2,207
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	125	65	60	72,460	39,410	33,050
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	19,520	21,152	18,944	30,702	33,931	27,081
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	245	105	135	97,615	52,195	45,420
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	240	105	135	95,260	51,185	44,065
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,622	35,477	24,929	41,296	44,591	37,469
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	240	105	130	95,265	51,190	44,070
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,066	31,243	21,916	33,564	35,614	31,184
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	175	75	100	82,975	44,600	38,375
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,650	29,556	20,949	42,302	46,877	36,985
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	210	100	110	73,235	37,560	35,670
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	13,356	16,086	10,986	5,786	5,109	6,500
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	110	45	60	72,625	39,295	33,330
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,775	25,756	24,030	41,530	45,929	36,344
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	245	110	140	97,615	52,195	45,420
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	35	15	20	29,120	17,270	11,850
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	36,986	0	0	49,972	52,927	46,799
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	41,926	0	31,239	58,973	63,257	52,729
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	57.7	64.6	52.6	89.1	91.6	85.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	44.4	47.6	44.9	76.5	79.0	73.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	40.7	36.2	46.4	10.9	8.4	14.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	255	125	130	97,630	52,315	45,310
Without total income	10	5	5	2,400	1,075	1,325
With total income	245	120	125	95,230	51,240	43,985
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.0	96.2	97.5	97.9	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	30	15	15	15,455	8,235	7,220
$10,000 to $19,999	75	35	40	19,620	9,935	9,685
$20,000 to $29,999	50	20	25	13,085	6,575	6,510
$30,000 to $39,999	25	10	15	10,750	5,640	5,110
$40,000 to $49,999	20	10	15	9,095	4,750	4,345
$50,000 to $59,999	10	5	5	6,820	3,665	3,160
$60,000 to $69,999	10	5	5	5,230	2,905	2,325
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	0	4,210	2,360	1,850
$80,000 to $89,999	5	10	0	2,860	1,755	1,100
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	5	1,990	1,255	740
$100,000 and over	0	5	0	6,115	4,170	1,950
$100,000 to $149,999	5	5	0	4,195	2,760	1,435
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	1,925	1,415	515
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	250	120	130	97,630	52,320	45,315
Without after-tax income	10	5	5	2,395	1,075	1,320
With after-tax income	240	120	125	95,235	51,240	43,990
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	100.0	96.2	97.5	97.9	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	30	15	15	15,665	8,340	7,320
$10,000 to $19,999	85	35	50	20,435	10,405	10,035
$20,000 to $29,999	45	20	25	15,990	8,180	7,805
$30,000 to $39,999	35	15	15	13,870	7,305	6,565
$40,000 to $49,999	20	10	10	10,075	5,365	4,715
$50,000 to $59,999	15	5	5	7,005	3,885	3,120
$60,000 to $69,999	10	10	5	4,430	2,630	1,795
$70,000 to $79,999	0	5	5	2,655	1,655	1,005
$80,000 and over	0	5	0	5,105	3,475	1,630
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	1,690	1,100	595
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	1,000	645	350
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	2,415	1,740	685
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	255	125	130	97,630	52,315	45,315
Without employment income	130	55	70	25,170	12,905	12,265
With employment income	125	65	60	72,460	39,410	33,050
Percentage with employment income	49.0	52.0	46.2	74.2	75.3	72.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	25	15	10	9,500	4,765	4,740
$5,000 to $9,999	10	5	5	6,175	3,035	3,145
$10,000 to $19,999	25	10	15	11,340	5,715	5,625
$20,000 to $29,999	20	10	10	8,635	4,525	4,105
$30,000 to $39,999	10	0	5	7,930	4,240	3,695
$40,000 to $49,999	10	5	5	6,830	3,670	3,165
$50,000 to $59,999	10	5	5	5,335	2,935	2,405
$60,000 to $69,999	5	5	5	4,280	2,425	1,855
$70,000 to $79,999	0	5	0	3,525	2,070	1,455
$80,000 and over	5	5	0	8,910	6,040	2,870
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	5	2,305	1,490	815
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	1,655	1,100	555
$100,000 and over	0	5	0	4,950	3,455	1,495
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	125	...	...	62,940	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	42,560	...	...	45,225	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	41,536	...	...	39,897	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	30	...	...	33,820	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	19,776	...	...	30,448	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	19,712	...	...	27,566	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	95	...	...	29,115	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	52,352	...	...	69,601	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	50,560	...	...	60,876	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	115	...	...	62,960	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,315	...	...	62,481	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,954	...	...	50,787	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	25	...	...	33,870	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	40,675	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	33,183	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	90	...	...	29,090	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,831	...	...	87,873	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,633	...	...	71,286	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	125	...	...	62,940	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	2,955	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	2,420	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	4,200	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	5,050	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	3,580	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	3,370	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	3,220	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	3,345	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	3,200	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	2,815	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	5,000	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	4,195	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	3,640	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	2,860	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	2,270	...	...
$100,000 and over	15	...	...	10,830	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5	...	...	4,080	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	0	...	...	2,365	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5	...	...	2,405	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	1,975	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	125	...	...	62,940	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	3,025	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	2,440	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	4,210	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	5,285	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	4,140	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	4,045	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	4,285	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	4,120	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	3,685	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	3,420	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	5,610	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	4,355	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	3,285	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	2,585	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	0	...	...	1,900	...	...
$100,000 and over	10	...	...	6,550	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	0	...	...	3,060	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	1,545	...	...
$150,000 and over	0	...	...	1,945	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	90	...	...	23,185	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	52,352	...	...	74,643	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	50,560	...	...	64,178	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	12,065	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	41,536	...	...	75,504	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	41,536	...	...	64,156	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.2	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	6,460	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	83,200	...	...	103,008	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	75,520	...	...	85,817	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	15	...	...	3,700	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	45,648	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	42,247	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	90	...	...	23,160	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,831	...	...	94,234	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,633	...	...	75,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	11,970	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,104	...	...	92,219	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	54,792	...	...	73,484	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	6,555	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,627	...	...	123,366	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	74,667	...	...	97,166	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	3,645	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	59,325	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	50,108	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	35	20	15	49,030	27,720	21,310
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	20,288	19,051	0	25,472	26,313	24,596
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	19,904	19,008	0	23,920	24,403	23,339
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	25	0	20	48,900	27,600	21,295
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	0	0	0	35,815	37,483	33,654
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	0	0	0	29,678	30,672	28,391
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	295	145	150	108,235	57,770	50,465
In the bottom half of the distribution	200	95	105	69,990	36,880	33,110
In the bottom decile	35	20	15	24,580	13,315	11,265
In the second decile	75	35	45	14,395	7,305	7,085
In the third decile	35	20	15	11,310	5,870	5,435
In the fourth decile	35	20	15	10,520	5,505	5,020
In the fifth decile	25	10	10	9,190	4,885	4,300
In the top half of the distribution	90	45	45	38,245	20,890	17,355
In the sixth decile	25	15	15	8,560	4,530	4,030
In the seventh decile	30	15	15	7,930	4,245	3,685
In the eighth decile	15	5	5	7,705	4,225	3,485
In the ninth decile	15	5	5	7,255	4,060	3,200
In the top decile	5	5	0	6,790	3,835	2,955
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	290	145	150	108,235	57,770	50,465
0 to 17 years	55	25	25	11,995	6,135	5,855
0 to 5 years	20	10	5	5,275	2,720	2,555
18 to 64 years	150	70	80	84,860	46,005	38,855
65 years and over	90	50	45	11,385	5,630	5,755
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	80	35	35	29,180	15,485	13,690
0 to 17 years	15	5	10	2,650	1,390	1,260
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	865	440	425
18 to 64 years	35	20	20	22,350	12,135	10,215
65 years and over	25	10	15	4,175	1,965	2,210
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	27.6	24.1	23.3	27.0	26.8	27.1
0 to 17 years (%)	27.3	20.0	40.0	22.1	22.7	21.5
0 to 5 years (%)	25.0	50.0	0.0	16.4	16.2	16.6
18 to 64 years (%)	23.3	28.6	25.0	26.3	26.4	26.3
65 years and over (%)	27.8	20.0	33.3	36.7	34.9	38.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	10	5	0	28,895	15,585	13,310
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	2,030	1,065	965
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	650	330	320
18 to 64 years	5	5	0	23,565	12,925	10,640
65 years and over	0	0	0	3,300	1,595	1,705
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.4	3.4	0.0	26.7	27.0	26.4
0 to 17 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	16.9	17.4	16.5
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	12.3	12.1	12.5
18 to 64 years (%)	3.3	7.1	0.0	27.8	28.1	27.4
65 years and over (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	29.0	28.3	29.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	270	110	160	108,280	57,670	50,610
Official languages	270	110	160	106,770	57,140	49,640
English	210	90	115	80,980	44,250	36,730
French	185	70	115	99,610	53,245	46,360
Non-official languages	10	10	0	36,875	18,965	17,905
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	36,855	18,955	17,900
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	4,495	2,755	1,745
Berber languages	0	0	0	240	140	100
Kabyle	0	0	0	85	60	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	160	80	75
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	15	10	0
Somali	0	0	0	45	20	25
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	4,365	2,680	1,685
Amharic	0	0	0	35	25	10
Arabic	0	0	0	4,085	2,510	1,575
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	260	160	100
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	965	475	490
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	105	45	55
Vietnamese	0	0	0	865	435	430
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	190	100	95
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	30	10	25
Malay	0	0	0	70	35	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	75	45	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	1,100	550	550
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	75	30	45
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	975	500	470
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	40	35
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	125	45	80
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	95	30	65
Telugu	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	25,510	13,020	12,495
Albanian	0	0	0	50	30	15
Armenian	0	0	0	130	80	55
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,825	820	1,000
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,820	820	995
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	135	65	70
Croatian	0	0	0	75	25	50
Czech	0	0	0	65	25	40
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	400	190	210
Russian	0	0	0	950	430	520
Serbian	0	0	0	105	40	60
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	65	20	45
Slovak	0	0	0	50	25	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	120	65	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	15
Germanic languages	0	0	0	2,675	1,470	1,205
Afrikaans	0	0	0	20	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	45	25	25
Dutch	0	0	0	230	120	105
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	2,240	1,235	1,010
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	125	70	50
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	35	30	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Greek	0	0	0	330	180	150
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,800	1,380	1,420
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,755	880	880
Bengali	0	0	0	1,105	530	575
Gujarati	0	0	0	75	35	35
Hindi	0	0	0	345	165	175
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	10	10
Marathi	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	165	100	65
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Urdu	0	0	0	280	160	120
Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,005	470	535
Kurdish	0	0	0	35	20	10
Pashto	0	0	0	15	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	980	455	530
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	30	10
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	19,030	9,790	9,235
Catalan	0	0	0	125	80	40
Italian	0	0	0	2,480	1,365	1,115
Portuguese	0	0	0	2,290	1,320	970
Romanian	0	0	0	410	180	235
Spanish	0	0	10	15,530	7,885	7,640
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	0
Japanese	0	0	0	460	210	250
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Korean	0	0	0	215	120	95
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	925	525	400
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	85	35	50
Edo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ewe	0	0	0	35	30	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	100	55	50
Ga	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	210	115	95
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	35	30	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	95	60	40
Wolof	0	0	0	125	75	50
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	20	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	215	120	90
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sign languages	10	0	0	170	90	85
American Sign Language	0	10	0	25	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	115	50	65
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	30	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	3,695	1,635	2,060
Chinese languages	0	0	0	3,665	1,620	2,050
Cantonese	0	0	0	1,480	655	825
Hakka	0	0	0	20	10	15
Mandarin	0	0	0	2,305	1,020	1,280
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	135	45	95
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	50	25	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	240	95	145
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	145	70	75
Lao	0	0	0	65	35	40
Thai	0	0	0	90	40	45
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	275	155	110
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkish	0	0	0	260	150	110
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	145	65	85
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	15	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	140	55	85
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	45	25
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	265	110	160	108,285	57,670	50,610
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	270	105	160	88,310	46,960	41,345
Canadian citizens aged under 18	35	10	30	11,030	5,615	5,415
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	235	105	125	77,280	41,345	35,935
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	19,975	10,715	9,260
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	265	110	155	108,285	57,670	50,610
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	270	110	160	71,945	38,315	33,630
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	26,245	14,050	12,195
Before 1981	0	0	0	3,455	1,920	1,530
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	2,635	1,370	1,265
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	4,495	2,340	2,155
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	7,950	4,235	3,710
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	3,200	1,665	1,535
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	4,750	2,575	2,175
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	7,710	4,180	3,530
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	10,095	5,305	4,790
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	26,245	14,050	12,195
Under 5 years	0	0	0	1,840	905	940
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	3,065	1,695	1,375
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	4,270	2,220	2,050
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	15,380	8,480	6,905
45 years and over	0	0	0	1,680	755	925
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	26,245	14,050	12,195
Americas	0	0	0	5,115	2,785	2,325
Brazil	0	0	0	375	205	175
Colombia	0	0	0	615	340	280
El Salvador	0	0	0	195	100	95
Guyana	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	500	275	225
Jamaica	0	0	0	35	20	15
Mexico	0	0	0	785	425	365
Peru	0	0	0	220	95	115
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	50	20	30
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	765	475	285
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	1,555	825	730
Europe	0	0	0	10,850	5,900	4,955
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	60	40	20
Croatia	0	0	0	40	20	20
France	0	0	0	7,130	4,055	3,070
Germany	0	0	0	200	100	105
Greece	0	0	0	100	55	45
Hungary	0	0	0	50	25	25
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Italy	0	0	0	270	155	110
Netherlands	0	0	0	80	45	35
Poland	0	0	0	240	130	110
Portugal	0	0	0	610	315	295
Romania	0	0	0	335	145	195
Russian Federation	0	0	0	350	130	220
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	60	10	45
Ukraine	0	0	0	85	45	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	285	155	135
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	940	465	475
Africa	0	0	0	3,790	2,170	1,620
Algeria	0	0	0	840	485	355
Egypt	0	0	0	160	100	55
Ethiopia	0	0	0	50	35	10
Kenya	0	0	0	25	20	10
Morocco	0	0	0	935	535	405
Nigeria	0	0	0	25	15	10
Somalia	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	1,720	970	755
Asia	0	0	0	6,400	3,125	3,270
Afghanistan	0	0	0	35	20	20
Bangladesh	0	0	0	615	320	295
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	1,860	775	1,090
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	220	90	135
India	0	0	0	200	110	90
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	660	310	350
Iraq	0	0	0	65	30	30
Japan	0	0	0	105	15	90
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	105	65	40
Lebanon	0	0	0	460	340	115
Pakistan	0	0	0	115	80	40
Philippines	0	0	0	100	50	50
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	45	10	35
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	170	100	70
Taiwan	0	0	0	155	50	105
Viet Nam	0	0	0	775	375	400
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	700	375	320
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	85	65	20
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	7,710	4,185	3,530
Americas	0	0	0	1,220	665	550
Brazil	0	0	0	165	100	65
Colombia	0	0	0	215	140	75
Cuba	0	0	0	40	30	10
Haiti	0	0	0	50	20	35
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	240	110	135
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	220	135	85
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	55	30	30
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	230	115	120
Europe	0	0	0	3,920	2,190	1,730
France	0	0	0	3,225	1,845	1,380
Germany	0	0	0	50	15	30
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Romania	0	0	0	30	15	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	65	20	45
Ukraine	0	0	0	25	15	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	85	55	30
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	415	215	205
Africa	0	0	0	1,085	605	490
Algeria	0	0	0	240	105	130
Cameroon	0	0	0	30	20	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	25	0	20
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	30	10	20
Egypt	0	0	0	50	35	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	225	135	95
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	160	110	45
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	320	170	145
Asia	0	0	0	1,425	675	745
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	55	30	30
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	380	170	210
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	0	10
India	0	0	0	35	15	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	395	170	230
Iraq	0	0	0	20	10	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	50	0	45
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	35	25	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	75	50	25
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	20	20	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	100	65	40
Taiwan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Turkey	0	0	0	30	20	10
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	75	25	45
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	100	55	45
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	55	45	10
Australia	0	0	0	30	25	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	265	105	160	108,285	57,675	50,610
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	37,490	19,885	17,605
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	0	0	10	14,985	7,640	7,345
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	265	110	155	55,800	30,145	25,660
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	23,095	12,275	10,815
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	15,505	8,650	6,855
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	9,900	6,170	3,735
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	5,600	2,475	3,125
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	5,035	2,170	2,865
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	2,385	1,350	1,035
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	180	110	65
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	270	105	160	108,285	57,670	50,610
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	0	10	10	1,020	540	480
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10	10	0	930	485	445
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	380	210	175
Métis	10	0	10	530	260	270
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	20	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	65	40	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	260	105	155	107,260	57,130	50,135
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	270	110	155	108,280	57,670	50,610
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	275	170	105
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	265	110	160	108,005	57,500	50,505
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	270	105	160	108,280	57,675	50,610
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	515	255	260
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	475	225	255
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	385	180	200
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	85	35	50
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	40	30	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	35	25	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	10	0	0	3,520	1,595	1,925
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	0	0	0	3,445	1,555	1,890
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	3,070	1,395	1,675
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	350	150	205
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	70	35	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	70	35	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	265	105	160	104,250	55,825	48,420
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	270	110	160	108,285	57,670	50,610
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	22,075	11,385	10,690
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	2,155	1,080	1,070
Chinese	0	0	0	3,805	1,655	2,150
Black	0	0	0	4,750	2,530	2,215
Filipino	0	0	0	155	65	90
Latin American	0	0	0	3,795	1,995	1,805
Arab	0	0	0	3,470	2,095	1,375
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	1,535	785	750
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	890	445	445
Korean	0	0	0	235	135	100
Japanese	0	0	0	360	145	215
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	275	145	130
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	655	325	335
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	265	105	160	86,205	46,285	39,920
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	270	110	160	108,280	57,670	50,610
North American Aboriginal origins	0	10	0	4,030	1,845	2,190
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	3,560	1,645	1,920
Inuit	0	0	0	40	25	15
Métis	0	0	0	540	245	290
Other North American origins	165	75	90	42,760	22,485	20,280
Acadian	0	0	0	730	405	320
American	0	0	0	1,205	630	575
Canadian	160	75	85	38,345	20,095	18,245
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	15	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	20	15	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Québécois	10	0	10	3,500	1,850	1,650
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	0
European origins	125	45	85	61,935	33,385	28,545
British Isles origins	95	35	55	14,050	7,200	6,850
Channel Islander	10	10	0	15	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	0	0
English	25	0	20	4,745	2,540	2,200
Irish	65	25	35	7,750	3,870	3,875
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	35	0	30	4,560	2,280	2,275
Welsh	0	0	0	285	135	150
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	15	0	10	1,060	510	555
French origins	55	10	45	41,515	22,685	18,825
Alsatian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Breton	0	0	0	255	130	125
Corsican	0	0	0	85	65	30
French	55	10	45	41,305	22,580	18,725
Western European origins (except French origins)	10	10	10	7,545	3,755	3,795
Austrian	0	0	0	420	210	215
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	1,740	820	920
Dutch	0	0	0	890	440	450
Flemish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	0	0	4,140	2,100	2,045
Luxembourger	0	0	0	75	30	45
Swiss	0	0	0	810	420	380
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10	0	0	1,025	480	545
Danish	0	0	0	225	90	140
Finnish	0	0	0	95	50	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	50	20	30
Norwegian	0	0	0	270	130	135
Swedish	0	0	0	385	175	205
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	0	10	65	40	25
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	5,895	2,925	2,975
Bulgarian	0	0	0	195	95	95
Byelorussian	0	0	0	55	25	25
Czech	0	0	0	260	110	145
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	70	30	45
Estonian	0	0	0	15	15	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	640	305	330
Latvian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	235	115	120
Moldovan	0	0	0	75	25	50
Polish	0	0	0	2,170	1,125	1,045
Romanian	0	0	0	740	365	375
Russian	0	0	0	1,315	660	655
Slovak	0	0	0	110	55	60
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,070	530	540
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	105	50	55
Southern European origins	0	0	0	11,745	6,240	5,505
Albanian	0	0	0	75	35	40
Bosnian	0	0	0	60	45	15
Catalan	0	0	0	70	30	35
Croatian	0	0	0	220	95	125
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	695	380	320
Italian	0	0	0	5,865	3,155	2,710
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	60	30	30
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,895	1,045	850
Serbian	0	0	0	210	90	120
Sicilian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Slovenian	0	0	0	50	25	30
Spanish	0	0	0	3,700	1,935	1,765
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	120	50	70
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other European origins	0	0	0	950	550	405
Basque	0	0	0	140	90	45
Jewish	0	0	0	540	310	235
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	40	20	25
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	215	115	105
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	2,775	1,375	1,400
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	35	10	30
Barbadian	0	0	0	85	40	45
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	215	100	115
Dominican	0	0	0	380	180	200
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	75	30	45
Haitian	0	0	0	1,345	695	650
Jamaican	0	0	0	210	105	105
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	185	95	85
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	30	10	20
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	125	55	65
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	40	15	30
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	55	30	30
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	120	70	50
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	4,860	2,555	2,305
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	275	130	145
Arawak	0	0	0	10	0	10
Argentinian	0	0	0	205	120	85
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	90	50	35
Brazilian	0	0	0	450	265	185
Chilean	0	0	0	520	320	200
Colombian	0	0	0	895	445	445
Costa Rican	0	0	0	40	25	15
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	110	40	65
Guatemalan	0	0	0	140	75	70
Guyanese	0	0	0	70	40	35
Hispanic	0	0	0	55	30	30
Honduran	0	0	0	70	25	50
Maya	0	0	0	35	25	15
Mexican	0	0	0	1,120	615	510
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	45	25	20
Panamanian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Paraguayan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	280	110	170
Salvadorean	0	0	0	310	135	175
Uruguayan	0	0	0	20	0	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	230	100	125
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	180	110	70
African origins	0	0	0	7,515	4,160	3,360
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	1,895	1,050	845
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	140	80	60
Burkinabe	0	0	0	35	30	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	265	150	115
Chadian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Congolese	0	0	0	495	250	245
Edo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	45	20	30
Gambian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Guinean	0	0	0	165	90	80
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	105	55	45
Liberian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malian	0	0	0	75	40	40
Malinké	0	0	0	20	10	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	70	35	40
Peulh	0	0	0	75	45	30
Senegalese	0	0	0	215	115	100
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Togolese	0	0	0	110	65	50
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	120	80	45
North African origins	0	0	0	4,215	2,390	1,820
Algerian	0	0	0	1,185	610	570
Berber	0	0	0	560	360	205
Coptic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	445	245	200
Libyan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maure	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moroccan	0	0	0	1,480	840	640
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	715	420	295
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	65	35	30
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	665	355	310
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amhara	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	55	35	20
Djiboutian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	155	80	75
Mauritian	0	0	0	85	40	45
Oromo	0	0	0	15	10	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	50	20	25
Seychellois	0	0	0	20	15	15
Somali	0	0	0	55	20	30
South African	0	0	0	55	35	25
Tanzanian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	80	45	30
Other African origins	0	0	0	855	430	425
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	60	35	30
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	805	405	400
Asian origins	0	0	0	13,535	6,735	6,800
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	4,515	2,500	2,020
Afghan	0	0	0	85	45	40
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	735	465	270
Armenian	0	0	0	385	210	175
Assyrian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	25	0	20
Georgian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	1,075	490	585
Iraqi	0	0	0	85	35	50
Israeli	0	0	0	40	20	20
Jordanian	0	0	0	25	10	25
Kazakh	0	0	0	20	10	0
Kurd	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	1,245	765	475
Palestinian	0	0	0	180	70	115
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	30	25	10
Syrian	0	0	0	470	250	225
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turk	0	0	0	350	205	145
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	15	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	115	70	45
South Asian origins	0	0	0	2,375	1,165	1,215
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	585	295	290
Bengali	0	0	0	455	200	260
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	1,065	545	515
Goan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	275	140	135
Punjabi	0	0	0	35	20	15
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	70	15	55
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	55	25	35
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	6,805	3,160	3,645
Burmese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	185	90	95
Chinese	0	0	0	4,280	1,915	2,365
Filipino	0	0	0	190	85	105
Hmong	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	75	25	45
Japanese	0	0	0	495	230	265
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	260	150	110
Laotian	0	0	0	165	70	95
Malaysian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Mongolian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	10	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	145	45	100
Thai	0	0	0	135	65	70
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,305	675	625
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	60	25	30
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	55	25	35
Oceania origins	0	0	0	300	180	120
Australian	0	0	0	175	100	75
New Zealander	0	0	0	60	35	20
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	85	50	35
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	20	15	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	40	25	15
Samoan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	25	0	20
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	115	...	...	62,960	...	...
Owner	95	...	...	16,905	...	...
Renter	25	...	...	46,055	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	115	...	...	62,955	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	16,630	...	...
Not condominium	115	...	...	46,330	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	115	...	...	62,955	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	2,620	...	...
1 bedroom	10	...	...	29,865	...	...
2 bedrooms	35	...	...	20,645	...	...
3 bedrooms	30	...	...	7,635	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	40	...	...	2,185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	115	...	...	62,960	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	25	...	...	43,935	...	...
5 rooms	20	...	...	9,870	...	...
6 rooms	15	...	...	4,920	...	...
7 rooms	20	...	...	2,360	...	...
8 or more rooms	45	...	...	1,870	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.1	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	115	...	...	62,955	...	...
One person or fewer per room	115	...	...	62,295	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	665	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	115	...	...	62,960	...	...
Suitable	115	...	...	60,240	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	2,720	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	115	...	...	62,955	...	...
1960 or before	60	...	...	31,820	...	...
1961 to 1980	30	...	...	15,415	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	4,960	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	3,480	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	1,935	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	2,455	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	2,890	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	115	...	...	62,955	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	115	...	...	56,890	...	...
Major repairs needed	0	...	...	6,070	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	115	...	...	62,955	...	...
1 household maintainer	80	...	...	43,775	...	...
2 household maintainers	35	...	...	17,180	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	2,010	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	115	...	...	62,960	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	5,330	...	...
25 to 34 years	15	...	...	17,730	...	...
35 to 44 years	10	...	...	12,520	...	...
45 to 54 years	25	...	...	9,435	...	...
55 to 64 years	10	...	...	8,700	...	...
65 to 74 years	45	...	...	5,910	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	2,425	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	900	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	110	...	...	62,795	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	105	...	...	40,170	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	22,625	...	...
30% to less than 100%	10	...	...	17,650	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	90	...	...	16,905	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	33.3	...	...	70.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	23.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	418	...	...	1,317	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	529	...	...	1,442	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	125,426	...	...	359,358	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	180,590	...	...	428,471	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	20	...	...	46,055	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	11.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	40.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	827	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	897	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	240	105	135	97,615	52,195	45,420
No certificate, diploma or degree	75	45	35	9,845	5,190	4,655
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	75	30	50	15,110	8,380	6,725
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	85	30	55	72,655	38,620	34,035
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	50	25	25	6,950	4,405	2,545
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	30	15	15	5,305	3,205	2,100
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	15	10	0	1,645	1,200	450
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15	10	15	15,490	8,415	7,075
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	4,165	2,050	2,120
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15	10	10	46,050	23,750	22,295
Bachelor's degree	10	0	10	24,460	12,475	11,985
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	3,995	2,130	1,865
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	1,000	495	500
Master's degree	10	0	0	13,795	7,105	6,695
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	2,795	1,545	1,250
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	115	40	75	72,060	40,060	32,000
No certificate, diploma or degree	35	15	25	4,580	2,770	1,810
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	25	10	20	8,405	5,330	3,075
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	55	20	40	59,075	31,955	27,120
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	15	20	5,320	3,475	1,840
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	25	10	15	4,025	2,525	1,500
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	10	10	0	1,295	955	340
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	0	0	0	11,005	6,350	4,655
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	3,140	1,595	1,545
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	0	39,610	20,540	19,070
Bachelor's degree	10	0	0	20,350	10,565	9,780
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	3,480	1,830	1,650
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	850	410	445
Master's degree	10	0	0	12,475	6,395	6,085
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	2,455	1,335	1,115
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	240	105	140	97,615	52,190	45,420
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	160	70	85	24,955	13,570	11,385
Education	0	0	10	2,980	1,045	1,935
13. Education	0	0	10	2,975	1,045	1,935
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	9,250	4,890	4,365
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	1,130	810	315
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	8,125	4,075	4,045
Humanities	0	0	0	7,515	3,460	4,055
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	1,440	430	1,005
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	630	225	395
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	2,525	1,230	1,300
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	35	10	25
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	625	410	205
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	140	115	25
54. History	0	0	0	645	425	225
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	1,480	615	865
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	12,435	5,200	7,230
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	250	75	175
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	3,140	1,140	2,000
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	655	170	490
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	2,055	885	1,175
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	395	145	250
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,680	535	1,145
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	4,250	2,255	2,000
Business, management and public administration	30	0	20	14,755	7,670	7,090
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	890	295	600
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	25	0	25	13,860	7,370	6,490
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	3,560	2,005	1,555
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	1,680	810	875
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	485	300	185
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	275	160	115
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	1,055	700	355
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	60	35	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	3,925	3,130	795
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	3,200	2,670	525
25. Library science	0	0	0	225	90	135
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	465	340	125
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	40	35	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	15	15	0	8,945	7,240	1,705
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	1,415	865	550
14. Engineering	10	10	0	4,320	3,410	910
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	955	870	85
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	10	10	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	860	795	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	755	725	30
48. Precision production	0	0	0	625	565	60
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	765	400	370
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	375	180	195
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	395	225	170
Health and related fields	20	0	15	5,920	2,060	3,860
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	575	310	265
51. Health professions and related programs	20	10	15	5,005	1,560	3,450
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	340	190	155
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	10	15	2,595	1,520	1,070
12. Personal and culinary services	15	0	0	1,950	1,050	905
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	345	235	110
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	0	10	275	220	55
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	120	40	80	72,060	40,060	32,000
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	60	20	40	12,985	8,100	4,885
Education	0	0	0	2,245	770	1,475
13. Education	0	0	0	2,245	770	1,475
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	7,660	4,145	3,515
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	940	675	255
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	6,725	3,465	3,260
Humanities	0	0	0	5,610	2,585	3,020
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	1,235	390	840
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	485	190	295
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,675	875	800
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	0	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	485	310	175
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	55	40	15
54. History	0	0	0	480	320	165
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	1,180	465	710
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	10,065	4,270	5,800
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	200	65	135
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	2,640	1,010	1,630
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	540	140	400
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,720	755	965
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	300	115	185
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,360	400	960
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	3,310	1,785	1,520
Business, management and public administration	20	0	20	12,360	6,535	5,825
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	760	255	505
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	20	0	20	11,590	6,275	5,320
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	2,675	1,525	1,150
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	1,355	660	695
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	295	190	105
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	100	60	45
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	880	595	285
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	45	20	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	3,525	2,845	680
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	2,925	2,445	480
25. Library science	0	0	0	185	75	105
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	390	290	95
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	30	30	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	0	7,470	5,965	1,505
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	1,225	740	490
14. Engineering	0	10	0	3,830	3,000	830
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	695	645	50
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	10	10	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	695	635	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	545	525	15
48. Precision production	0	0	0	465	415	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	10	0	680	345	335
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	335	160	175
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	345	190	155
Health and related fields	15	0	10	4,705	1,695	3,010
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	475	265	210
51. Health professions and related programs	15	10	10	3,940	1,275	2,665
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	290	155	140
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	10	2,065	1,280	785
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	10	1,500	860	645
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	295	205	90
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	255	200	50
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	240	105	140	97,610	52,195	45,420
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	155	75	85	24,955	13,570	11,385
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	85	30	50	72,660	38,620	34,035
Location of study inside Canada	85	35	55	54,695	28,870	25,815
Same as province or territory of residence	80	30	55	51,020	26,765	24,250
Different than province or territory of residence	10	10	0	3,675	2,105	1,565
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	17,965	9,750	8,220
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,350	755	595
Philippines	0	0	0	45	25	20
India	0	0	0	95	60	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	695	390	300
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	570	265	305
France	0	0	0	8,790	4,830	3,955
Other	0	0	0	6,425	3,420	3,005
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	120	40	80	72,060	40,060	32,005
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	65	20	40	12,985	8,095	4,885
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	55	20	35	59,075	31,960	27,120
Location of study inside Canada	55	20	35	43,680	23,610	20,070
Same as province or territory of residence	55	20	40	40,610	21,835	18,770
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	3,070	1,775	1,300
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	15,395	8,345	7,045
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,110	615	500
Philippines	0	0	0	30	15	10
India	0	0	0	75	50	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	610	360	250
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	450	210	240
France	0	0	0	7,640	4,185	3,455
Other	0	0	0	5,480	2,920	2,560
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	240	110	135	97,615	52,195	45,420
In the labour force	90	30	55	70,415	38,670	31,750
Employed	75	20	55	64,630	35,435	29,195
Unemployed	15	10	10	5,790	3,235	2,550
Not in the labour force	155	75	80	27,195	13,525	13,675
Participation rate	37.5	27.3	40.7	72.1	74.1	69.9
Employment rate	31.2	18.2	40.7	66.2	67.9	64.3
Unemployment rate	16.7	33.3	18.2	8.2	8.4	8.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	245	105	135	97,615	52,195	45,420
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	130	65	70	25,600	12,950	12,655
Worked	115	45	70	72,010	39,240	32,770
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	35	15	20	30,205	18,025	12,185
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	75	30	50	41,805	21,220	20,585
Average weeks worked in reference year	35.6	36.1	35.3	41.3	42.0	40.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	90	30	55	70,420	38,670	31,745
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,995	1,090	900
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	90	30	55	68,420	37,580	30,845
Employee	75	25	55	59,010	31,830	27,185
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	15	10	0	9,415	5,755	3,660
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	90	30	60	70,420	38,670	31,745
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,995	1,090	905
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	90	35	60	68,425	37,580	30,845
0 Management occupations	20	10	20	7,615	4,710	2,905
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10	0	10	10,980	4,700	6,280
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	7,550	5,880	1,670
3 Health occupations	10	0	0	3,540	1,260	2,280
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10	10	10	10,325	4,110	6,210
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	0	0	8,770	4,985	3,785
6 Sales and service occupations	20	0	15	15,915	8,805	7,110
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	0	0	0	2,535	2,340	200
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	10	0	195	125	70
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	0	0	1,000	670	330
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	90	30	60	70,420	38,670	31,745
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,995	1,090	905
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	90	35	55	68,420	37,585	30,840
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	25	15	15	145	75	70
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	70	50	20
22 Utilities	0	0	0	430	290	140
23 Construction	0	0	0	1,375	1,170	205
31-33 Manufacturing	0	10	0	3,430	2,310	1,125
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	1,545	940	605
44-45 Retail trade	10	0	0	5,950	3,050	2,900
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	0	10	1,525	1,105	420
51 Information and cultural industries	15	0	0	5,895	3,670	2,225
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	3,450	2,065	1,385
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	1,135	675	460
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10	10	0	10,985	6,725	4,260
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	85	45	35
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	10	2,720	1,635	1,090
61 Educational services	0	0	0	7,165	3,020	4,145
62 Health care and social assistance	10	0	10	6,255	2,125	4,135
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	3,580	1,945	1,630
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	6,910	3,810	3,100
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	3,170	1,480	1,690
91 Public administration	10	0	10	2,615	1,395	1,220
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	75	20	50	64,630	35,440	29,195
Worked at home	20	0	15	5,915	3,290	2,620
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	385	215	175
No fixed workplace address	0	0	0	4,930	3,185	1,745
Worked at usual place	50	10	40	53,395	28,740	24,655
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	50	15	40	53,395	28,740	24,655
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	0	0	0	47,055	24,920	22,135
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	45	10	35	1,900	1,125	780
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	0	10	4,170	2,565	1,605
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	270	135	140
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	55	15	40	58,325	31,930	26,400
Car, truck, van - as a driver	40	10	25	13,985	8,855	5,135
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	0	0	0	970	400	570
Public transit	0	0	0	24,095	11,920	12,180
Walked	10	0	10	11,370	6,015	5,360
Bicycle	0	0	0	7,210	4,305	2,905
Other method	0	0	0	690	435	250
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	55	20	40	58,325	31,930	26,395
Less than 15 minutes	35	10	30	8,285	4,680	3,605
15 to 29 minutes	10	0	0	23,905	13,280	10,625
30 to 44 minutes	10	0	0	17,655	9,430	8,220
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	5,250	2,680	2,575
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	3,230	1,860	1,375
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	55	15	35	58,325	31,925	26,395
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	1,525	1,120	400
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	0	0	10	4,755	2,925	1,835
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15	10	10	13,185	7,025	6,160
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	20	10	15	19,835	10,245	9,590
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	0	0	0	10,825	6,040	4,790
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	0	0	8,200	4,570	3,630
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	115	45	70	74,515	40,620	33,895
Single responses	105	45	65	66,380	36,160	30,220
Official languages	105	40	65	65,750	35,845	29,905
English	35	20	20	15,225	8,795	6,430
French	75	25	45	50,530	27,055	23,475
Non-official languages	0	0	0	630	315	315
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	625	315	315
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	30	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	30	30	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	30	25	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	310	120	190
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	20	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	35	15	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	215	85	130
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	55	25	25
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	135	50	80
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	235	130	105
Chinese languages	0	0	0	230	130	100
Cantonese	0	0	0	115	65	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	110	60	55
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	10	8,135	4,460	3,680
English and French	10	0	10	7,450	4,170	3,280
English and non-official language	0	0	0	210	90	120
French and non-official language	0	0	0	135	30	105
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	340	170	175
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	115	45	70	74,520	40,620	33,895
None	55	25	35	37,235	19,925	17,320
English	50	15	35	26,655	14,670	11,985
French	15	10	0	8,435	4,895	3,540
Non-official language	0	0	0	1,310	660	645
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,310	660	645
English and French	0	0	0	85	35	50
English and non-official language	0	0	0	540	270	270
French and non-official language	0	0	0	255	170	90
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	270	110	160	107,235	57,135	50,105
Non-movers	270	110	160	82,625	44,240	38,390
Movers	0	0	0	24,615	12,895	11,715
Non-migrants	0	0	0	16,430	8,605	7,825
Migrants	0	0	0	8,180	4,290	3,895
Internal migrants	0	0	0	3,920	2,105	1,815
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	2,800	1,465	1,335
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,120	635	485
External migrants	0	0	0	4,260	2,185	2,070
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	255	105	150	103,685	55,270	48,420
Non-movers	210	95	120	43,265	23,240	20,030
Movers	45	15	30	60,415	32,030	28,390
Non-migrants	15	0	15	33,485	18,220	15,265
Migrants	30	10	15	26,930	13,805	13,125
Internal migrants	30	10	15	12,080	6,065	6,015
Intraprovincial migrants	30	10	20	8,755	4,365	4,385
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	3,330	1,700	1,625
External migrants	0	0	0	14,855	7,740	7,115

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Shigawake, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec and Laurier--Sainte-Marie [Federal electoral district], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 19, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Shigawake, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Laurier--Sainte-Marie [Federal electoral district], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Shigawake, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Laurier--Sainte-Marie [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Shigawake, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Laurier--Sainte-Marie [Federal electoral district], Quebec