Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mont-Élie, Unorganized [Census subdivision], Quebec and Terrebonne, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Mont-Élie, NO Quebec [Census subdivision]			Terrebonne, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Mont-Élie, Unorganized [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Mont-Élie, Unorganized [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Terrebonne, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	63	...	...	111,575	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	65 ^r	...	...	106,322	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-3.1	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	102	...	...	42,622	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	34	...	...	41,801	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.1	...	...	723.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	858.87	...	...	154.12	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	65	35	30	111,575	55,415	56,160
0 to 14 years	5	0	5	22,705	11,675	11,030
0 to 4 years	5	0	5	6,910	3,570	3,345
5 to 9 years	0	0	0	8,335	4,300	4,040
10 to 14 years	5	0	5	7,455	3,805	3,655
15 to 64 years	30	20	15	75,535	37,480	38,050
15 to 19 years	5	0	5	7,135	3,725	3,410
20 to 24 years	0	5	0	6,880	3,555	3,325
25 to 29 years	0	0	0	5,675	2,795	2,885
30 to 34 years	0	0	0	6,650	3,170	3,485
35 to 39 years	0	0	5	8,560	4,095	4,465
40 to 44 years	0	0	0	8,455	4,140	4,315
45 to 49 years	5	0	0	8,140	4,090	4,050
50 to 54 years	5	5	5	9,200	4,620	4,580
55 to 59 years	5	0	0	8,375	4,125	4,255
60 to 64 years	5	5	0	6,465	3,170	3,295
65 years and over	30	20	15	13,335	6,255	7,080
65 to 69 years	10	10	5	5,195	2,510	2,690
70 to 74 years	10	0	5	3,870	1,885	1,985
75 to 79 years	5	0	0	2,145	980	1,165
80 to 84 years	5	0	5	1,285	595	690
85 years and over	0	5	0	845	285	555
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	580	220	360
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	215	60	155
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	50	5	35
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	7.7	0.0	16.7	20.3	21.1	19.6
15 to 64 years	46.2	57.1	50.0	67.7	67.6	67.8
65 years and over	46.2	57.1	50.0	12.0	11.3	12.6
85 years and over	0.0	14.3	0.0	0.8	0.5	1.0
Average age of the population	56.1	59.6	52.0	38.0	37.4	38.6
Median age of the population	62.5	66.0	57.5	39.0	38.5	39.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	35	...	...	41,800	...	...
Single-detached house	35	...	...	27,325	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	490	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	0	...	...	13,620	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	2,655	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	560	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	2,200	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	8,130	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	75	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	365	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	35	...	...	41,800	...	...
1 person	15	...	...	8,840	...	...
2 persons	15	...	...	13,915	...	...
3 persons	5	...	...	7,530	...	...
4 persons	0	...	...	7,625	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	3,890	...	...
Number of persons in private households	65	...	...	110,860	...	...
Average household size	1.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	60	35	25	88,875	43,740	45,135
Married or living common law	40	20	20	54,645	27,260	27,385
Married	30	15	15	30,655	15,300	15,355
Living common law	15	5	10	23,995	11,960	12,030
Not married and not living common law	20	15	5	34,230	16,480	17,750
Never married	10	5	5	24,625	13,260	11,360
Separated	0	0	0	1,190	510	680
Divorced	10	10	0	5,075	1,895	3,185
Widowed	5	5	0	3,335	810	2,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	25	...	...	32,595	...	...
2 persons	15	...	...	14,605	...	...
3 persons	0	...	...	7,475	...	...
4 persons	0	...	...	7,510	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	3,005	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	25	...	...	32,595	...	...
Total couple families	20	...	...	27,100	...	...
Married couples	15	...	...	15,105	...	...
Common-law couples	10	...	...	11,995	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	0	...	...	5,495	...	...
Female parent	0	...	...	3,980	...	...
Male parent	0	...	...	1,515	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	27,095	...	...
Couples without children	15	...	...	11,460	...	...
Couples with children	5	...	...	15,640	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	5,695	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	7,065	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	2,875	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	0	...	...	5,495	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	3,145	...	...
2 children	0	...	...	1,780	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	570	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	10	10	0	13,250	6,520	6,730
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	30	...	...	41,800	...	...
One-census-family households	25	...	...	31,415	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	15	...	...	10,990	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10	...	...	20,425	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	585	...	...
Non-census-family households	10	...	...	9,800	...	...
One-person households	10	...	...	8,840	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	0	...	...	955	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	65	30	30	111,130	55,250	55,880
English only	0	0	0	525	285	245
French only	60	25	25	63,045	29,415	33,630
English and French	5	5	0	47,230	25,440	21,790
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	325	105	215
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	65	35	30	111,130	55,245	55,885
English	0	0	0	3,770	1,945	1,825
French	65	35	30	105,280	52,270	53,005
English and French	0	0	0	1,775	935	835
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	315	105	215
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	4,650	2,410	2,245
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	4.2	4.4	4.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	65	35	30	111,135	55,250	55,880
Single responses	65	35	30	109,130	54,225	54,905
Official languages	60	35	30	100,205	49,815	50,390
English	0	0	0	2,440	1,255	1,180
French	60	35	30	97,765	48,560	49,205
Non-official languages	0	0	0	8,925	4,410	4,515
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	8,925	4,410	4,515
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,500	800	690
Berber languages	0	0	0	295	150	145
Kabyle	0	0	0	125	70	55
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	85	80
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,205	655	555
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	1,200	655	550
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	165	70	90
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	95	40	55
Vietnamese	0	0	0	65	25	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	30	10	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	2,090	935	1,160
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	60	25	35
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,015	900	1,115
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	4,520	2,285	2,240
Albanian	0	0	0	20	15	5
Armenian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	275	120	150
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	270	125	150
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Polish	0	0	0	80	40	45
Russian	0	0	0	90	35	55
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	40	20	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	70	40	30
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	105	50	50
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	85	40	40
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	10	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	65	30	35
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	3,975	2,005	1,965
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	1,395	765	630
Portuguese	0	0	0	390	200	190
Romanian	0	0	0	325	160	160
Spanish	0	0	0	1,860	870	990
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	230	110	120
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	55	30	25
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	30	10	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	35	15	20
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	15	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	160	80	80
Chinese languages	0	0	0	155	75	80
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	115	60	55
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
Lao	0	0	0	45	20	20
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	110	60	50
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	110	60	50
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	2,005	1,025	980
English and French	0	0	0	730	355	375
English and non-official language	0	0	0	115	65	50
French and non-official language	0	0	0	1,000	520	480
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	160	85	80
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	65	30	30	111,135	55,250	55,885
Single responses	65	35	30	107,510	53,465	54,045
Official languages	65	35	30	104,360	51,955	52,410
English	0	0	0	2,975	1,495	1,485
French	60	35	30	101,385	50,460	50,925
Non-official languages	0	0	0	3,145	1,505	1,640
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	3,145	1,510	1,635
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	485	245	240
Berber languages	0	0	0	100	50	50
Kabyle	0	0	0	35	20	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	35
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	390	200	195
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	390	200	190
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	30	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	5	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	580	235	345
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	20	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	540	215	325
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	1,720	845	875
Albanian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	125	60	65
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	125	60	65
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Polish	0	0	0	25	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	55	30	30
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	10	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,490	730	765
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	190	105	90
Portuguese	0	0	0	85	45	40
Romanian	0	0	0	245	120	120
Spanish	0	0	0	970	455	515
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	105	60	50
Chinese languages	0	0	0	105	55	50
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	90	55	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	25	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	70	40	35
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	3,620	1,785	1,835
English and French	0	0	0	910	470	440
English and non-official language	0	0	0	135	60	70
French and non-official language	0	0	0	2,135	1,030	1,105
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	440	220	225
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	65	35	30	111,130	55,250	55,880
None	60	30	30	97,630	48,515	49,110
English	5	0	0	5,890	3,030	2,865
French	0	0	0	2,595	1,275	1,320
Non-official language	0	0	0	4,285	2,065	2,220
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	4,285	2,065	2,220
English and French	0	0	0	175	85	90
English and non-official language	0	0	0	375	185	195
French and non-official language	0	0	0	180	95	85
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	60	35	25	88,165	43,490	44,675
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	84,315	41,675	42,635
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	38,252	44,823	32,260
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	84,340	41,680	42,660
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	33,403	38,192	28,817
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	76,910	39,150	37,765
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	35,147	42,564	28,553
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	61,580	27,310	34,270
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	6,370	4,726	7,308
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	66,615	34,345	32,270
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	36,504	43,684	30,675
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	75	40	35	88,165	43,490	44,675
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	84,320	41,670	42,655
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	45,259	52,301	38,379
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	84,345	41,670	42,680
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	36,925	41,599	32,362
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	76,970	39,200	37,765
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	42,911	50,361	35,178
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	61,435	27,355	34,075
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	8,360	7,496	9,053
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	66,615	34,350	32,260
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	43,114	49,624	36,181
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	x	x	x	88,160	43,485	44,675
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	x	x	x	30,750	16,645	14,105
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	x	x	x	50,895	57,092	43,704
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	x	x	x	56,936	63,472	49,223
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	x	x	x	86.6	90.7	81.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	x	x	x	75.0	78.1	70.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	x	x	x	13.4	9.3	19.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	x	x	x	88,160	43,490	44,675
Without total income	x	x	x	3,850	1,810	2,040
With total income	x	x	x	84,310	41,675	42,635
Percentage with total income	x	x	x	95.6	95.8	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	9,250	3,835	5,420
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	12,845	4,710	8,140
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	11,185	4,720	6,465
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	10,840	4,980	5,860
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	10,450	5,070	5,380
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	8,330	4,515	3,815
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	6,085	3,580	2,505
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	5,005	3,035	1,975
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	3,345	2,125	1,225
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	2,135	1,495	645
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	4,830	3,625	1,210
$100,000 to $149,999	x	x	x	3,615	2,665	950
$150,000 and over	x	x	x	1,220	955	260
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	x	x	88,165	43,490	44,675
Without after-tax income	x	x	x	3,825	1,810	2,015
With after-tax income	x	x	x	84,340	41,680	42,660
Percentage with after-tax income	x	x	x	95.7	95.8	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	9,665	3,940	5,730
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	13,635	5,075	8,555
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	13,945	6,025	7,915
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	14,605	7,105	7,495
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	12,045	6,475	5,565
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	8,350	4,970	3,375
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	5,545	3,390	2,150
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	2,775	1,900	880
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	3,780	2,785	990
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	1,455	1,025	435
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	760	555	205
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	1,560	1,210	350
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	x	x	x	88,160	43,485	44,675
Without employment income	x	x	x	21,550	9,145	12,405
With employment income	x	x	x	66,610	34,345	32,270
Percentage with employment income	x	x	x	75.6	79.0	72.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	6,965	3,455	3,505
$5,000 to $9,999	x	x	x	4,515	1,905	2,610
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	9,100	3,705	5,395
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	7,545	3,230	4,315
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	8,065	3,520	4,545
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	7,425	3,630	3,790
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	6,025	3,460	2,570
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	4,630	2,855	1,775
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	4,225	2,630	1,605
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	8,115	5,955	2,165
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	2,655	1,800	855
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,745	1,300	440
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	3,720	2,850	865
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	35	...	...	41,800	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	34,688	...	...	78,986	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	32,768	...	...	66,636	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	8,840	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	37,469	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	32,448	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	32,960	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	92,208	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	77,539	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	x	...	...	41,805	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	91,296	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	74,506	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	8,820	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	44,085	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	36,223	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	32,985	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	103,915	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	84,738	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	x	...	...	41,800	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	220	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	260	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	605	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	1,145	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	1,300	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	1,170	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	1,535	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	1,680	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	1,725	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	1,715	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	3,395	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	3,305	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	3,175	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	2,985	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,700	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	14,885	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	5,550	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	3,850	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	x	...	...	3,655	...	...
$200,000 and over	x	...	...	1,830	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	...	...	41,800	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	270	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	275	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	620	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	1,200	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	1,515	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	1,410	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	1,985	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	2,085	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	2,185	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	2,215	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	4,325	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	4,155	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	3,670	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	3,375	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,915	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	9,605	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	5,090	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	2,505	...	...
$150,000 and over	x	...	...	2,015	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	x	...	...	32,330	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	92,039	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	77,331	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.2	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	10,690	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	76,642	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	64,420	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	15,730	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	115,982	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	95,816	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	5,210	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	58,541	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	51,840	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	x	...	...	32,365	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	103,755	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	84,515	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	10,695	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	90,421	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	73,029	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	15,720	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	126,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	102,316	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	5,260	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	65,043	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	55,693	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	11,035	5,590	5,445
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	35,255	39,909	30,708
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	30,857	34,130	27,830
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	x	x	x	10,985	5,445	5,540
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	41,719	45,278	38,219
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	34,512	36,747	32,314
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	x	x	x	110,860	55,155	55,705
In the bottom half of the distribution	x	x	x	53,310	25,805	27,500
In the bottom decile	x	x	x	5,105	2,445	2,655
In the second decile	x	x	x	8,750	3,945	4,805
In the third decile	x	x	x	11,855	5,675	6,185
In the fourth decile	x	x	x	13,565	6,685	6,875
In the fifth decile	x	x	x	14,035	7,050	6,985
In the top half of the distribution	x	x	x	57,550	29,350	28,205
In the sixth decile	x	x	x	14,955	7,595	7,360
In the seventh decile	x	x	x	14,530	7,330	7,200
In the eighth decile	x	x	x	12,775	6,555	6,215
In the ninth decile	x	x	x	9,650	4,950	4,700
In the top decile	x	x	x	5,645	2,915	2,725
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	x	x	x	110,860	55,155	55,705
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	26,945	13,855	13,085
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	8,455	4,360	4,095
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	71,170	35,220	35,945
65 years and over	x	x	x	12,750	6,080	6,670
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	x	x	x	8,895	4,035	4,855
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	2,340	1,265	1,075
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	655	360	300
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	4,880	2,215	2,665
65 years and over	x	x	x	1,675	560	1,110
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	x	x	x	8.0	7.3	8.7
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	8.7	9.1	8.2
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	7.7	8.3	7.3
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	6.9	6.3	7.4
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	13.1	9.2	16.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	x	x	x	6,235	2,885	3,350
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	1,470	810	660
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	410	225	180
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	3,765	1,780	1,980
65 years and over	x	x	x	1,000	290	705
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	5.6	5.2	6.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	5.5	5.8	5.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	4.8	5.2	4.4
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	5.3	5.1	5.5
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	7.8	4.8	10.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	85	40	45	110,855	55,155	55,700
Official languages	85	40	45	110,510	55,010	55,500
English	0	0	0	47,775	25,540	22,230
French	85	40	45	109,995	54,760	55,235
Non-official languages	0	0	0	15,720	7,635	8,095
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15,710	7,625	8,085
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,190	1,170	1,020
Berber languages	0	0	0	440	230	210
Kabyle	0	0	0	155	90	65
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	290	145	150
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,965	1,045	920
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	1,965	1,045	920
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	235	120	120
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	105	55	45
Vietnamese	0	0	0	140	60	80
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	30	0	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	0	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	4,255	1,940	2,310
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	255	105	150
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	4,000	1,835	2,165
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	8,260	4,075	4,185
Albanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	15	20	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	475	210	265
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	470	215	260
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	20	25
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	105	50	50
Russian	0	0	0	260	120	140
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	65	25	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	205	120	85
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dutch	0	0	0	20	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	170	95	75
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	95	50	45
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	170	80	90
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	135	60	70
Kurdish	0	0	0	35	20	20
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	95	40	55
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	7,435	3,665	3,765
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	2,440	1,345	1,095
Portuguese	0	0	0	605	305	300
Romanian	0	0	0	325	165	160
Spanish	0	0	0	4,425	2,035	2,390
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	455	235	220
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	15	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	15	10	15
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	175	80	95
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	40	15	25
Wolof	0	0	0	80	35	45
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	15	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	70	50
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	150	65	90
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	100	60	45
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	10	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	185	95	90
Chinese languages	0	0	0	185	95	90
Cantonese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	165	75	85
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	150	70	80
Lao	0	0	0	145	70	75
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	100	55	50
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	105	50	50
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	55	20	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	90	40	45	110,855	55,150	55,705
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	85	40	45	109,010	54,225	54,785
Canadian citizens aged under 18	15	0	10	26,715	13,720	12,990
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	70	35	35	82,295	40,505	41,790
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	1,845	925	920
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	85	40	45	110,855	55,155	55,705
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	85	40	45	100,690	50,105	50,580
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	9,985	4,930	5,055
Before 1981	0	0	0	1,690	900	790
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	1,340	715	630
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	2,220	1,030	1,185
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	3,775	1,805	1,970
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	1,995	920	1,075
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	1,780	885	895
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	965	480	485
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	185	120	65
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	9,985	4,930	5,055
Under 5 years	0	0	0	1,355	635	715
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	1,885	910	975
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	1,850	880	970
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	4,360	2,295	2,065
45 years and over	0	0	0	535	210	325
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	9,985	4,930	5,055
Americas	0	0	0	4,655	2,155	2,500
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	235	110	120
El Salvador	0	0	0	180	75	110
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	3,065	1,370	1,700
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	140	45	95
Peru	0	0	0	180	90	85
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	210	120	90
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	630	340	290
Europe	0	0	0	2,105	1,180	925
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	10
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	630	340	290
Germany	0	0	0	55	25	30
Greece	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	500	325	170
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	65	30	30
Portugal	0	0	0	200	110	90
Romania	0	0	0	230	110	120
Russian Federation	0	0	0	65	35	30
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	45	15	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	270	165	105
Africa	0	0	0	2,260	1,170	1,090
Algeria	0	0	0	740	385	355
Egypt	0	0	0	35	15	20
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	675	365	315
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	795	395	395
Asia	0	0	0	950	420	525
Afghanistan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	250	70	180
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	20	10	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	40	30	15
Iraq	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	170	100	70
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	15	0	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	120	50	65
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	250	115	135
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	965	480	485
Americas	0	0	0	580	310	265
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	50	30	25
Cuba	0	0	0	30	15	10
Haiti	0	0	0	405	200	205
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	30	30	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	30	30	0
Europe	0	0	0	90	50	40
France	0	0	0	60	35	25
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	20	10	10
Africa	0	0	0	190	70	120
Algeria	0	0	0	20	0	20
Cameroon	0	0	0	30	15	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	15	0	15
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	10	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	15
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	25	0	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	65	30	35
Asia	0	0	0	105	45	55
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	85	40	45	110,860	55,150	55,705
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	10,310	5,120	5,195
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	0	0	0	10,945	5,470	5,475
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	85	40	50	89,595	44,565	45,035
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	8,440	4,095	4,345
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	3,765	1,980	1,790
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,675	1,125	550
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	2,090	855	1,240
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	3,155	1,320	1,835
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,405	740	660
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	110	55	55
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	85	40	45	110,860	55,155	55,700
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	0	0	0	1,230	550	675
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	0	0	0	1,130	505	625
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	540	250	290
Métis	0	0	0	575	255	315
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	20	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	55	25	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	85	40	45	109,630	54,600	55,030
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	85	40	45	110,860	55,155	55,705
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	375	185	190
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	85	40	45	110,480	54,970	55,510
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	85	40	50	110,855	55,155	55,705
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	1,025	500	525
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	970	480	495
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	785	390	400
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	150	70	80
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	35	20	15
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	45	15	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	40	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	0	0	0	2,925	1,305	1,625
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	0	0	0	2,855	1,260	1,595
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	2,535	1,135	1,400
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	295	110	180
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	30	15	20
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	70	40	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	65	40	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	85	40	45	106,910	53,355	53,555
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	85	40	45	110,855	55,150	55,705
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	13,100	6,315	6,780
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	80	40	45
Chinese	0	0	0	385	130	255
Black	0	0	0	7,965	3,880	4,090
Filipino	0	0	0	40	0	40
Latin American	0	0	0	1,870	915	955
Arab	0	0	0	1,870	950	925
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	590	265	325
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	105	45	65
Korean	0	0	0	40	35	10
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	50	10	40
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	100	55	45
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	85	40	45	97,760	48,835	48,920
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	85	40	50	110,860	55,155	55,705
North American Aboriginal origins	0	0	0	3,950	1,800	2,150
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	3,435	1,580	1,860
Inuit	0	0	0	75	35	45
Métis	0	0	0	550	240	310
Other North American origins	85	40	45	75,190	37,305	37,890
Acadian	0	0	0	430	195	230
American	0	0	0	415	200	215
Canadian	85	40	45	71,565	35,530	36,040
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Québécois	0	0	0	3,550	1,700	1,845
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	0	0	0	37,990	19,070	18,920
British Isles origins	0	0	0	8,000	3,875	4,125
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	0	0	0	1,640	785	855
Irish	0	0	0	5,670	2,800	2,870
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	0	0	0	1,675	705	970
Welsh	0	0	0	20	0	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	180	85	95
French origins	0	0	0	23,680	11,930	11,750
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	180	65	115
Corsican	0	0	0	20	0	15
French	0	0	0	23,535	11,855	11,675
Western European origins (except French origins)	0	0	0	2,565	1,225	1,340
Austrian	0	0	0	75	40	30
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	770	400	375
Dutch	0	0	0	160	70	90
Flemish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	1,415	630	785
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	10	10
Swiss	0	0	0	190	110	80
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	205	70	145
Danish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	105	20	90
Swedish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	2,000	1,010	990
Bulgarian	0	0	0	60	40	20
Byelorussian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Czech	0	0	0	65	35	25
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	200	100	105
Latvian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	45	15	25
Moldovan	0	0	0	70	35	35
Polish	0	0	0	735	370	365
Romanian	0	0	0	355	205	150
Russian	0	0	0	250	115	130
Slovak	0	0	0	65	30	35
Ukrainian	0	0	0	380	175	200
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	0	0	0	8,770	4,420	4,345
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	320	175	145
Italian	0	0	0	6,350	3,185	3,165
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,120	585	535
Serbian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	45	35	15
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Spanish	0	0	0	1,250	590	660
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	195	90	105
Basque	0	0	0	55	20	40
Jewish	0	0	0	50	40	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	80	30	45
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	6,480	3,175	3,310
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	200	140	65
Dominican	0	0	0	185	80	105
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	6,050	2,945	3,115
Jamaican	0	0	0	30	30	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	35	10	25
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	2,235	1,075	1,160
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	70	35	30
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	85	35	55
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Brazilian	0	0	0	25	15	0
Chilean	0	0	0	155	75	80
Colombian	0	0	0	330	160	165
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	255	150	100
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	20	20	0
Honduran	0	0	0	135	85	50
Maya	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mexican	0	0	0	290	110	175
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	25	20	15
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	290	135	155
Salvadorean	0	0	0	405	165	240
Uruguayan	0	0	0	60	25	35
Venezuelan	0	0	0	120	50	70
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	100	35	65
African origins	0	0	0	4,485	2,245	2,245
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	945	475	470
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	50	25	20
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	15	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	115	55	60
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	410	205	210
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	55	35	25
Guinean	0	0	0	115	60	50
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	70	40	30
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	35	20	10
Senegalese	0	0	0	115	55	60
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	20	0	15
North African origins	0	0	0	2,385	1,245	1,135
Algerian	0	0	0	700	360	345
Berber	0	0	0	580	290	285
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	85	45	40
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	970	515	455
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	135	85	55
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	85	45	35
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	260	115	145
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	70	35	40
Burundian	0	0	0	80	45	40
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	30	0	20
Mauritian	0	0	0	45	10	25
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	975	445	535
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	970	440	525
Asian origins	0	0	0	2,420	1,135	1,280
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	1,110	585	520
Afghan	0	0	0	35	10	25
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	410	230	180
Armenian	0	0	0	30	20	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	50	30	25
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	360	175	185
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	110	60	50
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	60	30	30
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	115	50	65
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	110	50	60
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	1,190	500	690
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	185	100	85
Chinese	0	0	0	555	225	330
Filipino	0	0	0	60	15	45
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	30	10
Laotian	0	0	0	225	100	125
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	240	110	125
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	20	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Oceania origins	0	0	0	15	0	10
Australian	0	0	0	10	10	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	40	...	...	41,800	...	...
Owner	30	...	...	33,140	...	...
Renter	15	...	...	8,665	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	40	...	...	41,800	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	4,025	...	...
Not condominium	40	...	...	37,775	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	40	...	...	41,800	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	60	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	3,525	...	...
2 bedrooms	20	...	...	10,785	...	...
3 bedrooms	15	...	...	16,310	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	11,120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	40	...	...	41,800	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	0	...	...	9,615	...	...
5 rooms	20	...	...	5,825	...	...
6 rooms	10	...	...	5,870	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	6,585	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	13,900	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	40	...	...	41,800	...	...
One person or fewer per room	40	...	...	41,590	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	40	...	...	41,800	...	...
Suitable	40	...	...	40,585	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	1,215	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	40	...	...	41,800	...	...
1960 or before	10	...	...	2,025	...	...
1961 to 1980	15	...	...	9,865	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	8,985	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	7,090	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	5,605	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	5,370	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	2,855	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	40	...	...	41,800	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	35	...	...	40,230	...	...
Major repairs needed	0	...	...	1,570	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	40	...	...	41,805	...	...
1 household maintainer	25	...	...	21,810	...	...
2 household maintainers	15	...	...	19,425	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	565	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	40	...	...	41,800	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	695	...	...
25 to 34 years	10	...	...	5,490	...	...
35 to 44 years	0	...	...	9,390	...	...
45 to 54 years	10	...	...	9,995	...	...
55 to 64 years	0	...	...	8,590	...	...
65 to 74 years	15	...	...	5,375	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	1,890	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	375	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	41,760	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	34,645	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	7,115	...	...
30% to less than 100%	x	...	...	6,550	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30	...	...	33,120	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	74.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	13.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,249	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,261	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	259,837	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	284,515	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	8,660	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	5.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	31.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	798	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	833	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	75	40	35	88,160	43,490	44,675
No certificate, diploma or degree	40	25	10	17,275	9,130	8,145
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	30	10	20	20,950	9,895	11,055
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10	10	0	49,940	24,465	25,475
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	0	0	19,170	11,685	7,490
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	0	0	0	13,720	7,150	6,575
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	10	10	0	5,450	4,530	920
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	0	0	0	15,450	6,475	8,980
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	3,390	1,315	2,080
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	0	0	0	11,930	5,005	6,925
Bachelor's degree	0	0	0	8,705	3,550	5,155
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,055	465	590
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	295	100	195
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,650	760	890
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	215	120	90
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	25	15	15	61,430	30,085	31,345
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	0	0	7,940	4,365	3,575
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15	10	15	12,765	6,120	6,640
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10	10	0	40,725	19,600	21,125
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	15,310	9,060	6,245
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	0	0	0	11,015	5,495	5,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	4,295	3,565	730
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	0	0	0	12,160	5,160	7,000
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	2,765	1,090	1,680
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	0	0	0	10,500	4,300	6,205
Bachelor's degree	10	0	0	7,670	3,100	4,565
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	920	385	535
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	275	85	185
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,445	625	825
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	200	110	95
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	75	40	35	88,165	43,485	44,675
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	65	30	35	38,225	19,020	19,200
Education	0	0	0	3,190	625	2,560
13. Education	0	0	0	3,190	625	2,565
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,715	790	920
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	420	335	85
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,290	455	835
Humanities	0	0	0	1,895	660	1,240
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	255	30	225
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	75	40	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,155	420	735
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	35	20	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	95	45	50
54. History	0	0	0	120	75	40
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	160	30	130
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	4,130	1,025	3,105
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	390	105	285
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,190	75	1,120
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	780	190	595
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	105	30	80
42. Psychology	0	0	0	660	90	570
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	980	540	450
Business, management and public administration	0	0	0	11,485	3,950	7,540
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	525	95	435
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	0	10,940	3,845	7,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,270	635	640
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	420	120	300
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	175	90	85
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	305	145	160
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	295	230	55
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	80	50	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,990	1,400	590
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,720	1,300	420
25. Library science	0	0	0	145	20	130
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	120	75	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	0	12,305	11,550	760
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	275	200	70
14. Engineering	10	0	0	1,115	990	125
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	2,235	1,985	245
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	3,760	3,665	100
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	3,005	2,905	105
48. Precision production	0	0	0	1,920	1,805	115
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	445	250	200
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	335	175	160
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	110	75	40
Health and related fields	0	0	0	6,690	1,050	5,640
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	350	160	190
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	6,300	875	5,430
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	35	10	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	4,825	2,530	2,295
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	2,385	490	1,895
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,410	1,085	325
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	1,020	940	75
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	25	15	10	61,430	30,085	31,345
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	25	10	10	20,705	10,485	10,220
Education	0	0	0	2,490	465	2,025
13. Education	0	0	0	2,490	465	2,025
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,385	620	765
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	365	280	85
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,020	340	685
Humanities	0	0	0	1,180	425	760
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	225	30	195
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	55	35	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	635	260	370
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	25	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	45	15	35
54. History	0	0	0	80	55	30
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	110	20	90
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	3,520	885	2,635
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	315	80	235
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,040	60	980
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	690	155	535
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	65	20	50
42. Psychology	0	0	0	530	85	450
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	865	495	370
Business, management and public administration	0	0	0	9,750	3,255	6,500
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	435	65	370
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	0	9,310	3,180	6,130
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	900	450	450
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	380	105	275
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	145	80	70
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	60	35	25
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	235	180	55
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	80	50	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,600	1,105	490
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,400	1,035	365
25. Library science	0	0	0	105	10	95
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	90	55	35
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	0	9,980	9,285	690
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	240	185	55
14. Engineering	10	0	0	1,030	910	120
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,895	1,665	230
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	2,895	2,805	90
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	2,460	2,360	95
48. Precision production	0	0	0	1,455	1,360	95
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	350	175	165
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	250	115	135
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	95	60	35
Health and related fields	0	0	0	5,625	885	4,740
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	285	130	155
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	5,305	745	4,560
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	40	10	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	3,950	2,045	1,900
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	1,970	400	1,575
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,125	850	275
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	855	800	55
Other	0	0	0	10	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	75	40	35	88,160	43,490	44,675
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	65	30	35	38,225	19,025	19,200
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	10	10	0	49,940	24,465	25,475
Location of study inside Canada	10	10	0	47,680	23,225	24,455
Same as province or territory of residence	10	10	0	47,125	22,945	24,185
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	555	285	270
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	2,260	1,235	1,025
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	160	115	50
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	10
India	0	0	0	10	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	20	0	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	90	45	45
France	0	0	0	320	210	110
Other	0	0	0	1,660	860	800
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	25	15	15	61,435	30,085	31,345
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20	10	15	20,705	10,485	10,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	0	10	0	40,725	19,605	21,125
Location of study inside Canada	0	10	0	38,735	18,535	20,205
Same as province or territory of residence	10	0	0	38,325	18,330	19,995
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	415	210	205
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	1,995	1,065	930
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	115	70	45
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10
India	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	20	0	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	80	35	40
France	0	0	0	255	165	90
Other	0	0	0	1,510	780	725
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	75	40	35	88,160	43,490	44,675
In the labour force	20	15	10	62,930	32,320	30,610
Employed	25	15	10	59,075	30,200	28,875
Unemployed	0	0	0	3,855	2,125	1,735
Not in the labour force	55	25	25	25,230	11,170	14,065
Participation rate	26.7	37.5	28.6	71.4	74.3	68.5
Employment rate	33.3	37.5	28.6	67.0	69.4	64.6
Unemployment rate	0.0	0.0	0.0	6.1	6.6	5.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	75	40	35	88,165	43,485	44,675
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	45	20	25	24,090	10,470	13,615
Worked	30	20	10	64,075	33,015	31,060
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	0	0	0	31,365	17,020	14,345
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	25	15	10	32,715	16,000	16,715
Average weeks worked in reference year	33.5	37.7	0.0	43.7	43.9	43.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	25	15	10	62,935	32,320	30,610
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,395	680	715
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	25	15	10	61,540	31,640	29,900
Employee	20	15	10	54,680	27,425	27,250
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	0	0	0	6,860	4,210	2,650
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	20	15	10	62,930	32,325	30,610
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,390	680	710
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	20	15	10	61,540	31,640	29,900
0 Management occupations	15	15	0	6,285	3,895	2,400
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	0	0	0	10,195	2,845	7,345
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	3,230	2,555	675
3 Health occupations	0	0	0	4,600	700	3,905
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	0	0	0	7,545	2,090	5,450
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	0	0	1,455	655	795
6 Sales and service occupations	0	0	10	14,090	6,155	7,930
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	0	0	0	10,785	10,235	545
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	475	415	55
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	2,885	2,085	795
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	20	15	10	62,935	32,320	30,610
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,395	680	710
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	20	15	10	61,540	31,645	29,900
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	170	115	55
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	90	75	15
22 Utilities	0	0	0	425	315	110
23 Construction	10	0	0	5,665	4,995	670
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	7,080	4,995	2,085
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	3,050	2,010	1,030
44-45 Retail trade	15	10	10	8,265	3,745	4,520
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	3,120	2,375	745
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	1,080	645	435
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	2,390	885	1,505
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	900	540	355
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	3,420	1,800	1,620
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	50	10	35
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	2,605	1,620	985
61 Educational services	0	0	0	3,910	1,000	2,915
62 Health care and social assistance	0	0	0	8,690	1,360	7,330
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	1,195	630	565
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	3,070	1,225	1,840
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	2,760	1,320	1,440
91 Public administration	0	0	0	3,600	1,975	1,630
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	25	10	10	59,075	30,200	28,875
Worked at home	0	0	0	3,415	1,550	1,865
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	55	45	15
No fixed workplace address	0	10	0	6,935	5,435	1,505
Worked at usual place	20	0	10	48,665	23,170	25,495
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	20	10	10	48,670	23,170	25,495
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	0	0	0	11,605	4,800	6,800
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	0	10	2,375	865	1,510
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	0	10	34,610	17,450	17,160
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	75	55	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	25	15	10	55,600	28,605	27,000
Car, truck, van - as a driver	25	15	10	48,390	25,570	22,820
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	0	0	0	1,770	665	1,105
Public transit	0	0	0	3,685	1,505	2,180
Walked	0	0	0	1,180	475	710
Bicycle	0	0	0	230	180	50
Other method	0	0	0	350	210	140
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	25	10	10	55,605	28,605	27,000
Less than 15 minutes	10	0	0	8,580	3,460	5,120
15 to 29 minutes	15	10	0	15,880	7,930	7,955
30 to 44 minutes	0	0	0	15,260	8,575	6,685
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	7,460	4,175	3,285
60 minutes and over	0	10	0	8,420	4,465	3,960
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	25	15	10	55,600	28,605	27,000
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	7,865	6,090	1,780
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	0	0	0	12,575	6,800	5,780
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	0	0	0	12,885	5,355	7,530
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	0	0	0	7,940	2,765	5,170
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	0	0	4,875	1,975	2,900
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	10	0	9,460	5,615	3,845
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	30	20	10	65,820	33,820	32,000
Single responses	25	15	10	62,225	31,745	30,485
Official languages	25	15	10	62,125	31,685	30,440
English	0	0	0	2,645	1,440	1,200
French	25	15	10	59,480	30,240	29,240
Non-official languages	0	0	0	100	55	45
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	100	55	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	60	50	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	65	50	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	50	35	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	10	0	3,590	2,070	1,520
English and French	10	10	0	3,410	1,990	1,420
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	0	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	25	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	105	50	55
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	25	15	10	65,815	33,815	32,000
None	25	20	10	46,935	23,500	23,435
English	10	0	10	16,180	8,825	7,355
French	0	0	0	2,050	1,130	920
Non-official language	0	0	0	390	195	190
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	390	195	190
English and French	0	0	0	0	10	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	215	135	80
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	25	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	85	40	45	109,535	54,455	55,080
Non-movers	85	40	45	99,900	49,820	50,080
Movers	0	0	0	9,630	4,640	4,995
Non-migrants	0	0	0	4,635	2,175	2,465
Migrants	0	0	0	4,995	2,465	2,530
Internal migrants	0	0	0	4,885	2,410	2,475
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	4,800	2,350	2,450
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	85	55	25
External migrants	0	0	0	110	55	55
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	75	40	35	103,810	51,535	52,275
Non-movers	75	40	35	69,340	34,750	34,590
Movers	0	0	0	34,470	16,785	17,685
Non-migrants	0	0	0	14,925	7,110	7,815
Migrants	0	0	0	19,540	9,675	9,865
Internal migrants	0	0	0	18,875	9,330	9,540
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	18,660	9,230	9,425
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	215	100	115
External migrants	0	0	0	670	340	325

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Mont-Élie, NO [Census subdivision], Quebec and Terrebonne, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 19, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mont-Élie, Unorganized [Census subdivision], Quebec and Terrebonne, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Mont-Élie, Unorganized [Census subdivision], Quebec and Terrebonne, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mont-Élie, Unorganized [Census subdivision], Quebec and Terrebonne, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec