Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mont-Élie, Unorganized [Census subdivision], Quebec and Abbotsford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Mont-Élie, NO Quebec [Census subdivision]			Abbotsford, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Mont-Élie, Unorganized [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Mont-Élie, Unorganized [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Abbotsford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	63	...	...	141,397	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	65 ^r	...	...	133,497	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-3.1	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	102	...	...	51,770	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	34	...	...	49,040	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.1	...	...	376.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	858.87	...	...	375.55	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	65	35	30	141,395	69,640	71,760
0 to 14 years	5	0	5	25,995	13,400	12,590
0 to 4 years	5	0	5	8,480	4,330	4,145
5 to 9 years	0	0	0	8,950	4,625	4,325
10 to 14 years	5	0	5	8,565	4,445	4,120
15 to 64 years	30	20	15	91,555	45,415	46,140
15 to 19 years	5	0	5	8,930	4,610	4,325
20 to 24 years	0	5	0	9,330	4,780	4,545
25 to 29 years	0	0	0	9,335	4,685	4,650
30 to 34 years	0	0	0	9,775	4,830	4,950
35 to 39 years	0	0	5	9,065	4,450	4,610
40 to 44 years	0	0	0	8,760	4,255	4,505
45 to 49 years	5	0	0	9,135	4,480	4,650
50 to 54 years	5	5	5	9,365	4,725	4,640
55 to 59 years	5	0	0	9,375	4,555	4,825
60 to 64 years	5	5	0	8,485	4,045	4,440
65 years and over	30	20	15	23,845	10,820	13,030
65 to 69 years	10	10	5	7,630	3,535	4,100
70 to 74 years	10	0	5	5,575	2,700	2,875
75 to 79 years	5	0	0	4,150	1,915	2,240
80 to 84 years	5	0	5	3,075	1,420	1,655
85 years and over	0	5	0	3,425	1,255	2,170
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	2,085	820	1,260
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	1,020	345	675
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	285	85	200
100 years and over	0	0	0	40	5	30
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	7.7	0.0	16.7	18.4	19.2	17.5
15 to 64 years	46.2	57.1	50.0	64.8	65.2	64.3
65 years and over	46.2	57.1	50.0	16.9	15.5	18.2
85 years and over	0.0	14.3	0.0	2.4	1.8	3.0
Average age of the population	56.1	59.6	52.0	39.9	38.9	40.9
Median age of the population	62.5	66.0	57.5	39.0	37.8	40.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	35	...	...	49,040	...	...
Single-detached house	35	...	...	19,540	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,000	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	0	...	...	28,220	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	1,320	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	4,290	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	10,215	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	12,335	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	60	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	35	...	...	49,040	...	...
1 person	15	...	...	11,700	...	...
2 persons	15	...	...	15,485	...	...
3 persons	5	...	...	6,905	...	...
4 persons	0	...	...	7,100	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	7,850	...	...
Number of persons in private households	65	...	...	138,555	...	...
Average household size	1.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	60	35	25	115,405	56,235	59,170
Married or living common law	40	20	20	70,055	35,150	34,905
Married	30	15	15	63,180	31,730	31,445
Living common law	15	5	10	6,875	3,420	3,460
Not married and not living common law	20	15	5	45,350	21,085	24,265
Never married	10	5	5	28,865	15,695	13,170
Separated	0	0	0	3,105	1,335	1,770
Divorced	10	10	0	6,745	2,645	4,095
Widowed	5	5	0	6,640	1,410	5,230
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	25	...	...	39,295	...	...
2 persons	15	...	...	18,775	...	...
3 persons	0	...	...	7,820	...	...
4 persons	0	...	...	8,355	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	4,340	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	25	...	...	39,295	...	...
Total couple families	20	...	...	33,670	...	...
Married couples	15	...	...	30,235	...	...
Common-law couples	10	...	...	3,435	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	0	...	...	5,620	...	...
Female parent	0	...	...	4,440	...	...
Male parent	0	...	...	1,180	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	33,670	...	...
Couples without children	15	...	...	15,540	...	...
Couples with children	5	...	...	18,125	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	6,120	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	7,855	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	4,150	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	0	...	...	5,625	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	3,240	...	...
2 children	0	...	...	1,700	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	685	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	10	10	0	20,800	9,605	11,190
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	30	...	...	49,040	...	...
One-census-family households	25	...	...	32,285	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	15	...	...	12,590	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10	...	...	19,700	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	3,300	...	...
Non-census-family households	10	...	...	13,455	...	...
One-person households	10	...	...	11,700	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	0	...	...	1,750	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	65	30	30	139,255	68,440	70,815
English only	0	0	0	125,175	62,275	62,895
French only	60	25	25	30	15	20
English and French	5	5	0	6,155	2,715	3,445
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	7,890	3,440	4,450
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	65	35	30	139,255	68,440	70,810
English	0	0	0	130,045	64,355	65,695
French	65	35	30	935	470	470
English and French	0	0	0	465	220	245
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	7,805	3,400	4,410
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	1,170	580	590
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.8	0.8	0.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	65	35	30	139,255	68,440	70,815
Single responses	65	35	30	135,815	66,760	69,055
Official languages	60	35	30	90,585	44,715	45,870
English	0	0	0	89,550	44,200	45,355
French	60	35	30	1,030	515	510
Non-official languages	0	0	0	45,235	22,045	23,190
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	10	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	45,205	22,030	23,175
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	395	220	180
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	5
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	390	210	175
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	340	185	150
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	885	395	490
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	35	10	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	850	380	475
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,070	430	645
Bikol	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	55	20	35
Fijian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	55	30	30
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	40	15	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	875	345	525
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	50	30	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	25	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	135	70	65
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	70	35	35
Tamil	0	0	0	25	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	40	25	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	38,820	19,060	19,765
Albanian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Armenian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,295	610	685
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,280	600	680
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Croatian	0	0	0	55	35	25
Czech	0	0	0	85	45	45
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Polish	0	0	0	300	135	170
Russian	0	0	0	415	185	230
Serbian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovak	0	0	0	45	20	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	10	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	230	115	115
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	6,275	2,880	3,400
Afrikaans	0	0	0	115	60	65
Danish	0	0	0	130	65	65
Dutch	0	0	0	1,285	610	675
Frisian	0	0	0	35	15	15
German	0	0	0	4,590	2,070	2,515
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	45	15	25
Swedish	0	0	0	50	20	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Greek	0	0	0	60	35	30
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	29,305	14,580	14,725
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	29,010	14,415	14,590
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	75	40	35
Hindi	0	0	0	590	270	315
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	5
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	15	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	28,050	13,950	14,105
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Urdu	0	0	0	210	105	105
Iranian languages	0	0	0	275	150	125
Kurdish	0	0	0	55	35	20
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	215	115	100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,780	905	875
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	185	95	85
Portuguese	0	0	0	185	90	90
Romanian	0	0	0	235	125	115
Spanish	0	0	0	1,175	590	585
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	205	80	125
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Korean	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	105	55	55
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	35	20	15
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	10	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,635	795	845
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,630	790	840
Cantonese	0	0	0	520	275	245
Hakka	0	0	0	25	10	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	950	435	520
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	55	25	35
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	70	40	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	245	120	125
Lao	0	0	0	205	100	105
Thai	0	0	0	40	15	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	55	30	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Turkish	0	0	0	50	30	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	360	175	190
Estonian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Finnish	0	0	0	95	40	55
Hungarian	0	0	0	255	130	120
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Multiple responses	0	0	0	3,440	1,680	1,760
English and French	0	0	0	200	90	115
English and non-official language	0	0	0	3,135	1,545	1,595
French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	25	35
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	45	25	20
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	65	30	30	139,250	68,440	70,815
Single responses	65	35	30	130,655	64,125	66,530
Official languages	65	35	30	102,830	50,435	52,395
English	0	0	0	102,645	50,350	52,300
French	60	35	30	180	90	95
Non-official languages	0	0	0	27,825	13,690	14,135
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	27,810	13,680	14,135
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	230	115	120
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	225	110	115
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	205	100	105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	595	260	340
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	590	260	330
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	370	170	195
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	310	150	160
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	65	35	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	35	15	20
Tamil	0	0	0	15	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	20	10	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	24,195	11,960	12,235
Albanian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	475	225	250
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	470	225	245
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	100	50	55
Russian	0	0	0	245	110	135
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	50	25	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	800	355	445
Afrikaans	0	0	0	65	30	35
Danish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0	75	30	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	640	285	355
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	5	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	22,095	10,945	11,155
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	21,925	10,855	11,070
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hindi	0	0	0	280	135	145
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	21,465	10,630	10,835
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	125	65	60
Iranian languages	0	0	0	160	85	80
Kurdish	0	0	0	30	15	15
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	125	65	60
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	770	410	360
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Romanian	0	0	0	120	55	60
Spanish	0	0	0	580	315	260
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	100	45	55
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	925	405	520
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	5	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	10	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	55	25	25
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	40	20	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,005	520	490
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,005	520	490
Cantonese	0	0	0	285	150	130
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	665	340	325
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	115	60	55
Lao	0	0	0	95	50	50
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	20	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	8,600	4,320	4,285
English and French	0	0	0	125	50	70
English and non-official language	0	0	0	8,355	4,220	4,140
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	105	35	70
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	65	35	30	139,255	68,440	70,815
None	60	30	30	120,710	59,285	61,420
English	5	0	0	8,690	4,430	4,260
French	0	0	0	870	375	490
Non-official language	0	0	0	8,775	4,245	4,535
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	8,765	4,240	4,530
English and French	0	0	0	35	15	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	85	45	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	85	40	45
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	60	35	25	112,615	54,790	57,825
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	108,160	52,710	55,455
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	29,741	38,324	23,955
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	108,280	52,815	55,460
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	27,226	33,771	22,867
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	95,740	47,910	47,825
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	28,353	38,156	20,968
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	77,925	33,045	44,880
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	5,593	3,707	6,354
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	82,445	42,420	40,020
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	28,555	38,004	21,365
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	75	40	35	112,615	54,805	57,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	108,070	52,590	55,475
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	40,098	48,531	32,103
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	108,170	52,685	55,485
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	34,326	40,367	28,590
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	95,565	47,670	47,895
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	39,099	48,500	29,743
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	77,685	32,935	44,750
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	7,682	7,298	7,965
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	82,445	42,265	40,175
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	37,890	46,501	28,832
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	x	x	x	112,615	54,805	57,810
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	x	x	x	33,705	20,415	13,290
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	x	x	x	49,454	56,005	42,205
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	x	x	x	57,017	63,170	47,565
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	x	x	x	86.3	90.6	79.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	x	x	x	72.3	77.2	65.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	x	x	x	13.7	9.4	20.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	x	x	x	112,615	54,790	57,825
Without total income	x	x	x	4,455	2,080	2,370
With total income	x	x	x	108,160	52,710	55,455
Percentage with total income	x	x	x	96.0	96.2	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	16,120	6,600	9,515
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	21,885	8,250	13,635
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	16,460	6,540	9,915
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	13,105	5,945	7,155
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	10,600	5,375	5,225
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	8,100	4,705	3,395
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	5,860	3,775	2,085
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	4,485	3,015	1,475
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	3,495	2,375	1,115
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	2,225	1,560	660
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	5,835	4,560	1,275
$100,000 to $149,999	x	x	x	4,290	3,320	970
$150,000 and over	x	x	x	1,545	1,240	310
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	x	x	112,615	54,790	57,825
Without after-tax income	x	x	x	4,335	1,980	2,360
With after-tax income	x	x	x	108,280	52,815	55,465
Percentage with after-tax income	x	x	x	96.2	96.4	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	16,660	6,920	9,745
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	23,045	8,950	14,095
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	19,150	7,805	11,345
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	14,915	7,120	7,795
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	11,325	6,170	5,160
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	7,840	4,940	2,900
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	5,485	3,690	1,790
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	3,720	2,560	1,165
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	6,130	4,660	1,470
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	2,210	1,615	600
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,265	965	300
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	2,655	2,085	570
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	x	x	x	112,610	54,790	57,820
Without employment income	x	x	x	30,175	12,370	17,800
With employment income	x	x	x	82,445	42,425	40,020
Percentage with employment income	x	x	x	73.2	77.4	69.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	12,195	5,475	6,720
$5,000 to $9,999	x	x	x	7,425	2,750	4,675
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	12,710	5,020	7,690
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	10,315	4,500	5,810
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	8,835	4,270	4,565
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	7,820	4,175	3,650
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	6,085	3,730	2,355
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	4,460	3,035	1,425
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	3,545	2,485	1,065
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	9,050	6,985	2,060
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	2,845	2,015	825
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,810	1,310	495
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	4,405	3,660	735
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	35	...	...	49,040	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	34,688	...	...	72,511	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	32,768	...	...	64,112	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	11,700	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	32,863	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	29,753	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	37,340	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	87,866	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	77,391	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	x	...	...	49,040	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	88,362	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	75,715	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	11,690	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	40,971	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	35,373	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	37,350	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	103,195	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	88,341	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	x	...	...	49,040	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	750	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	505	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	1,215	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	1,805	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	2,000	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	1,785	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	2,055	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	2,035	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	1,970	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	2,075	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	3,775	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	3,655	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	3,490	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	3,155	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,910	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	15,870	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	5,670	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	3,740	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	x	...	...	3,840	...	...
$200,000 and over	x	...	...	2,620	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	...	...	49,040	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	515	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	1,230	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	1,860	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	2,275	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	2,155	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	2,440	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	2,330	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	2,400	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	2,310	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	4,480	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	4,145	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	3,875	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	3,430	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,900	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	11,895	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	5,130	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	3,020	...	...
$150,000 and over	x	...	...	3,740	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	x	...	...	36,270	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	87,100	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	76,680	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.2	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	12,400	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	75,138	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	66,443	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	17,895	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	105,490	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	92,507	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	4,790	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	49,715	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	45,899	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	x	...	...	36,280	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	102,244	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	87,458	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	12,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	94,746	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	79,488	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	17,875	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	118,543	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	101,992	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	4,785	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	60,931	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	53,548	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	16,650	7,940	8,715
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	29,538	33,768	26,480
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	27,096	30,297	25,000
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	x	x	x	16,595	8,090	8,505
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	37,596	41,112	34,252
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	32,545	34,747	30,451
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	x	x	x	138,555	68,170	70,385
In the bottom half of the distribution	x	x	x	73,970	35,355	38,615
In the bottom decile	x	x	x	12,160	5,700	6,465
In the second decile	x	x	x	13,850	6,225	7,625
In the third decile	x	x	x	14,885	7,125	7,765
In the fourth decile	x	x	x	17,045	8,380	8,665
In the fifth decile	x	x	x	16,025	7,930	8,100
In the top half of the distribution	x	x	x	64,585	32,815	31,770
In the sixth decile	x	x	x	15,280	7,690	7,590
In the seventh decile	x	x	x	14,295	7,205	7,095
In the eighth decile	x	x	x	13,430	6,825	6,605
In the ninth decile	x	x	x	11,995	6,120	5,875
In the top decile	x	x	x	9,580	4,965	4,610
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	x	x	x	138,555	68,165	70,390
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	31,200	16,060	15,145
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	10,250	5,235	5,010
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	85,105	41,830	43,275
65 years and over	x	x	x	22,250	10,280	11,970
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	x	x	x	17,800	8,095	9,710
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	4,900	2,590	2,310
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	1,580	840	740
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	9,785	4,355	5,430
65 years and over	x	x	x	3,120	1,150	1,970
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	x	x	x	12.8	11.9	13.8
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	15.7	16.1	15.3
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	15.4	16.0	14.8
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	11.5	10.4	12.5
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	14.0	11.2	16.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	x	x	x	9,805	4,640	5,165
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	2,535	1,340	1,190
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	750	395	355
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	6,540	3,030	3,510
65 years and over	x	x	x	735	275	460
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	7.1	6.8	7.3
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	8.1	8.3	7.9
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	7.3	7.5	7.1
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	7.7	7.2	8.1
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	3.3	2.7	3.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	85	40	45	138,555	68,165	70,385
Official languages	85	40	45	130,740	64,795	65,940
English	0	0	0	130,685	64,775	65,910
French	85	40	45	6,255	2,730	3,525
Non-official languages	0	0	0	53,270	26,120	27,145
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	10	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dakota	0	0	0	10	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	53,230	26,105	27,120
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	715	405	315
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	705	405	305
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arabic	0	0	0	605	350	255
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	45	25	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	45	25	15
Maltese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	975	480	490
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	60	40	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	920	440	480
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,435	550	885
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	85	10	70
Fijian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	10	20
Ilocano	0	0	0	35	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	80	40	40
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,305	485	825
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Creole languages	0	0	0	110	65	50
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	25	0	20
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	50	35
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	190	85	105
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	85	35	45
Tamil	0	0	0	90	45	45
Telugu	0	0	0	40	15	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	45,375	22,490	22,885
Albanian	0	0	0	130	70	60
Armenian	0	0	0	60	40	25
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,545	720	825
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,535	715	820
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	95	45	50
Bulgarian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Croatian	0	0	0	105	50	55
Czech	0	0	0	105	50	55
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	340	140	205
Russian	0	0	0	590	275	315
Serbian	0	0	0	75	45	35
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	40	25	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	300	135	165
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Germanic languages	0	0	0	6,910	3,265	3,640
Afrikaans	0	0	0	245	115	125
Danish	0	0	0	170	80	90
Dutch	0	0	0	1,495	730	765
Frisian	0	0	0	40	35	10
German	0	0	0	4,940	2,325	2,615
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Swedish	0	0	0	70	35	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	135	75	60
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	33,785	16,970	16,815
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	33,565	16,845	16,720
Bengali	0	0	0	25	15	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	140	90	55
Hindi	0	0	0	4,065	1,975	2,090
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	10
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	20	15
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	32,510	16,305	16,200
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	55	40	20
Urdu	0	0	0	405	235	165
Iranian languages	0	0	0	235	135	100
Kurdish	0	0	0	60	40	25
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	185	95	90
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	3,460	1,690	1,770
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	430	215	215
Portuguese	0	0	0	320	160	160
Romanian	0	0	0	305	145	160
Spanish	0	0	0	2,515	1,225	1,295
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	15	0
Japanese	0	0	0	505	235	270
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	1,300	580	720
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	230	105	125
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	10	0	10
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	110	55	55
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	40	15	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	45	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Dinka	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	15
Sign languages	0	0	0	310	115	195
American Sign Language	0	0	0	185	70	115
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	125	45	80
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,875	905	970
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,875	905	970
Cantonese	0	0	0	685	325	360
Hakka	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,340	630	705
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	65	30	35
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	30	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	410	215	190
Lao	0	0	0	335	185	155
Thai	0	0	0	105	50	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Turkic languages	0	0	0	100	60	40
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	90	55	35
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	340	155	190
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	100	35	60
Hungarian	0	0	0	225	110	120
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	90	40	45	138,555	68,170	70,390
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	85	40	45	125,245	61,765	63,480
Canadian citizens aged under 18	15	0	10	30,110	15,610	14,505
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	70	35	35	95,140	46,155	48,980
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	13,310	6,405	6,905
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	85	40	45	138,555	68,165	70,390
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	85	40	45	98,300	48,770	49,525
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	38,220	18,380	19,845
Before 1981	0	0	0	9,230	4,590	4,650
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	4,310	2,015	2,295
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	8,485	4,095	4,390
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	10,750	5,075	5,680
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	5,190	2,445	2,745
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	5,565	2,625	2,935
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	5,435	2,610	2,825
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	2,035	1,015	1,020
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	38,225	18,385	19,840
Under 5 years	0	0	0	2,700	1,410	1,285
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	5,220	2,800	2,415
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	11,220	4,885	6,335
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	12,575	6,400	6,175
45 years and over	0	0	0	6,510	2,875	3,630
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	38,220	18,380	19,840
Americas	0	0	0	3,585	1,560	2,025
Brazil	0	0	0	190	90	100
Colombia	0	0	0	100	45	55
El Salvador	0	0	0	235	105	135
Guyana	0	0	0	30	15	15
Haiti	0	0	0	50	35	15
Jamaica	0	0	0	100	55	40
Mexico	0	0	0	175	85	90
Peru	0	0	0	30	10	20
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	50	25	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	1,420	525	895
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	1,200	565	640
Europe	0	0	0	7,345	3,670	3,680
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	60	25	30
Croatia	0	0	0	35	20	15
France	0	0	0	65	25	40
Germany	0	0	0	815	430	385
Greece	0	0	0	65	30	30
Hungary	0	0	0	125	70	55
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	75	15	60
Italy	0	0	0	160	85	70
Netherlands	0	0	0	1,150	595	550
Poland	0	0	0	335	135	200
Portugal	0	0	0	30	10	25
Romania	0	0	0	250	115	135
Russian Federation	0	0	0	315	130	180
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	30	20	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	395	185	210
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	2,480	1,320	1,155
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	965	460	505
Africa	0	0	0	975	490	490
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	40	20	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	15	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	120	60	60
Morocco	0	0	0	25	20	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	50	25	25
Somalia	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	320	160	160
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	410	200	215
Asia	0	0	0	25,805	12,400	13,410
Afghanistan	0	0	0	45	30	20
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	660	300	355
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	105	50	55
India	0	0	0	20,400	9,885	10,510
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	85	55	35
Iraq	0	0	0	135	75	60
Japan	0	0	0	155	65	90
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	760	355	405
Lebanon	0	0	0	35	20	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	210	100	110
Philippines	0	0	0	1,240	450	790
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	70	45	30
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	105	45	60
Taiwan	0	0	0	140	70	70
Viet Nam	0	0	0	640	300	340
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	1,025	545	475
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	505	260	240
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	5,435	2,610	2,825
Americas	0	0	0	335	145	190
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	45	30	20
Mexico	0	0	0	40	20	20
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	125	50	70
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	90	30	55
Europe	0	0	0	275	145	130
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	40	10	25
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	30	20	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	100	75	30
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	70	25	40
Africa	0	0	0	170	75	100
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	40	20	20
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	80	25	60
Asia	0	0	0	4,595	2,215	2,385
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	125	55	75
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	3,540	1,745	1,795
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	15	10	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	40	15	25
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	215	90	130
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	35	15	20
Philippines	0	0	0	405	180	225
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	95	40	50
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	35	0	25
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	55	35	20
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	55	25	25
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	85	40	45	138,555	68,170	70,390
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	41,185	19,840	21,340
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	0	0	0	37,200	18,910	18,295
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	85	40	50	60,170	29,420	30,755
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	29,480	14,050	15,435
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	7,295	3,690	3,600
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	2,865	1,835	1,025
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	4,430	1,855	2,575
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	20,135	9,190	10,945
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	80	35	45
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	85	40	45	138,555	68,165	70,390
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	0	0	0	6,595	3,005	3,595
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	0	0	0	6,300	2,865	3,435
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	3,180	1,515	1,665
Métis	0	0	0	3,100	1,345	1,755
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	20	0	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	195	100	90
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	100	40	65
Non-Aboriginal identity	85	40	45	131,955	65,165	66,795
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	85	40	45	138,555	68,165	70,390
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	1,620	715	905
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	85	40	45	136,940	67,455	69,485
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	85	40	50	138,555	68,165	70,385
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	825	345	485
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	780	320	455
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	510	255	255
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	270	70	205
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	50	20	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	50	20	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	0	0	0	6,445	3,035	3,410
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	0	0	0	6,205	2,920	3,285
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	3,740	1,775	1,965
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	2,415	1,130	1,285
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	50	15	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	240	110	130
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	240	110	130
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	85	40	45	131,285	64,790	66,490
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	85	40	45	138,555	68,165	70,385
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	46,635	23,205	23,430
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	35,310	17,785	17,525
Chinese	0	0	0	2,290	1,125	1,170
Black	0	0	0	1,415	705	700
Filipino	0	0	0	1,570	610	955
Latin American	0	0	0	1,120	495	620
Arab	0	0	0	340	205	130
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	1,540	785	755
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	215	145	70
Korean	0	0	0	1,340	625	715
Japanese	0	0	0	515	230	285
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	230	130	100
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	755	355	400
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	85	40	45	91,920	44,965	46,955
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	85	40	50	138,555	68,165	70,390
North American Aboriginal origins	0	0	0	7,270	3,375	3,895
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	4,545	2,165	2,375
Inuit	0	0	0	45	10	35
Métis	0	0	0	2,975	1,330	1,640
Other North American origins	85	40	45	27,350	13,355	13,990
Acadian	0	0	0	115	55	60
American	0	0	0	1,950	900	1,045
Canadian	85	40	45	26,055	12,750	13,300
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	25	0	20
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	15	10	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	0	0	0	84,035	40,795	43,240
British Isles origins	0	0	0	48,945	23,495	25,450
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	0	0	0	30,285	14,360	15,925
Irish	0	0	0	16,395	7,485	8,905
Manx	0	0	0	20	0	15
Scottish	0	0	0	21,760	10,430	11,325
Welsh	0	0	0	2,610	1,130	1,480
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	3,110	1,425	1,685
French origins	0	0	0	10,275	4,685	5,600
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	0	0	0	10,280	4,680	5,595
Western European origins (except French origins)	0	0	0	37,805	18,230	19,575
Austrian	0	0	0	1,420	620	795
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	415	160	255
Dutch	0	0	0	13,735	6,670	7,065
Flemish	0	0	0	105	45	55
Frisian	0	0	0	100	50	45
German	0	0	0	26,650	12,750	13,900
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	905	425	485
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	9,800	4,475	5,325
Danish	0	0	0	1,820	840	975
Finnish	0	0	0	1,010	485	520
Icelandic	0	0	0	670	275	400
Norwegian	0	0	0	3,875	1,725	2,150
Swedish	0	0	0	3,150	1,460	1,695
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	335	150	180
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	18,795	9,085	9,715
Bulgarian	0	0	0	90	50	45
Byelorussian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Czech	0	0	0	350	185	160
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	220	105	120
Estonian	0	0	0	185	110	75
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,930	945	980
Latvian	0	0	0	80	35	40
Lithuanian	0	0	0	125	50	70
Moldovan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	4,370	1,985	2,390
Romanian	0	0	0	930	470	470
Russian	0	0	0	6,490	3,205	3,285
Slovak	0	0	0	150	75	75
Ukrainian	0	0	0	7,060	3,360	3,695
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	70	30	40
Southern European origins	0	0	0	6,635	3,405	3,230
Albanian	0	0	0	95	50	50
Bosnian	0	0	0	100	50	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	310	160	150
Cypriot	0	0	0	25	20	0
Greek	0	0	0	605	325	280
Italian	0	0	0	3,410	1,750	1,660
Kosovar	0	0	0	45	25	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	70	25	45
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	635	395	235
Serbian	0	0	0	130	70	60
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	130	95	35
Spanish	0	0	0	1,460	660	795
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	130	70	65
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	895	470	430
Basque	0	0	0	30	15	15
Jewish	0	0	0	360	205	160
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	485	230	250
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	735	375	360
Antiguan	0	0	0	15	15	10
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	45	10	35
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	45	10	35
Dominican	0	0	0	0	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	100	60	45
Jamaican	0	0	0	355	205	145
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	110	60	50
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	65	20	45
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	2,350	1,180	1,165
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	75	30	40
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	35	20	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	225	120	105
Chilean	0	0	0	105	60	45
Colombian	0	0	0	155	90	65
Costa Rican	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	25	15	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	105	60	45
Guyanese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	80	40	40
Honduran	0	0	0	40	20	25
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	620	325	300
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	45	15	25
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	315	180	135
Peruvian	0	0	0	55	35	20
Salvadorean	0	0	0	380	145	240
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	45	20	30
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	165	85	80
African origins	0	0	0	1,700	835	865
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	160	80	85
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	55	30	30
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	0	20
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	25	10	15
North African origins	0	0	0	295	170	130
Algerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	25	20	10
Egyptian	0	0	0	60	30	25
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	65	45	20
Sudanese	0	0	0	135	60	75
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	545	290	255
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	85	40	45
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	10
South African	0	0	0	315	185	125
Tanzanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	80	45	30
Other African origins	0	0	0	755	340	415
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	65	30	35
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	700	320	380
Asian origins	0	0	0	44,110	22,010	22,105
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	1,125	655	465
Afghan	0	0	0	85	55	35
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	75	45	30
Armenian	0	0	0	120	70	50
Assyrian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	195	115	80
Iraqi	0	0	0	120	75	45
Israeli	0	0	0	75	30	35
Jordanian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	25	20	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	105	55	50
Palestinian	0	0	0	40	35	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Syrian	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	15	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	105	70	35
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	20	10	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	70	50	20
South Asian origins	0	0	0	35,080	17,670	17,415
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	30,835	15,470	15,370
Goan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	15	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	370	205	165
Punjabi	0	0	0	4,900	2,480	2,425
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	90	55	35
Tamil	0	0	0	25	15	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	430	220	210
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	7,950	3,720	4,225
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	70	40	25
Chinese	0	0	0	2,970	1,420	1,545
Filipino	0	0	0	1,750	685	1,070
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	75	35	35
Japanese	0	0	0	565	260	305
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	1,350	625	720
Laotian	0	0	0	465	255	205
Malaysian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	10	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	55	35	20
Thai	0	0	0	150	70	80
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,035	510	525
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	45	25	25
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	85	50	40
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	90	45	40
Oceania origins	0	0	0	840	450	395
Australian	0	0	0	370	190	175
New Zealander	0	0	0	75	50	25
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	415	215	200
Fijian	0	0	0	265	120	145
Hawaiian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Maori	0	0	0	35	25	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	45	30	15
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	40	...	...	49,040	...	...
Owner	30	...	...	34,320	...	...
Renter	15	...	...	14,720	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	40	...	...	49,040	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	12,365	...	...
Not condominium	40	...	...	36,670	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	40	...	...	49,040	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	230	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	5,235	...	...
2 bedrooms	20	...	...	14,655	...	...
3 bedrooms	15	...	...	10,990	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	17,925	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	40	...	...	49,040	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	0	...	...	13,445	...	...
5 rooms	20	...	...	6,925	...	...
6 rooms	10	...	...	5,760	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	5,175	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	17,730	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	40	...	...	49,040	...	...
One person or fewer per room	40	...	...	47,285	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	1,750	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	40	...	...	49,040	...	...
Suitable	40	...	...	45,995	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	3,045	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	40	...	...	49,040	...	...
1960 or before	10	...	...	2,710	...	...
1961 to 1980	15	...	...	13,275	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	11,205	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	11,500	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	3,490	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	4,340	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	2,525	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	40	...	...	49,040	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	35	...	...	46,975	...	...
Major repairs needed	0	...	...	2,065	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	40	...	...	49,040	...	...
1 household maintainer	25	...	...	26,860	...	...
2 household maintainers	15	...	...	19,755	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	2,425	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	40	...	...	49,040	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	1,565	...	...
25 to 34 years	10	...	...	6,890	...	...
35 to 44 years	0	...	...	8,525	...	...
45 to 54 years	10	...	...	10,040	...	...
55 to 64 years	0	...	...	9,370	...	...
65 to 74 years	15	...	...	6,895	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	4,035	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	1,715	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	47,920	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	36,030	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	11,890	...	...
30% to less than 100%	x	...	...	10,330	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30	...	...	33,325	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	65.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	18.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,251	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,383	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	499,921	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	516,858	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	14,645	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	8.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	38.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	879	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	968	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	75	40	35	112,615	54,810	57,810
No certificate, diploma or degree	40	25	10	24,330	12,090	12,240
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	30	10	20	38,085	19,050	19,035
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10	10	0	50,200	23,665	26,535
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	0	0	9,490	6,915	2,570
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	0	0	0	4,205	2,435	1,770
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	10	10	0	5,280	4,480	805
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	0	0	0	17,455	6,345	11,110
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	4,725	1,835	2,890
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	0	0	0	18,530	8,570	9,960
Bachelor's degree	0	0	0	12,170	5,390	6,785
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,495	585	910
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	710	480	230
Master's degree	0	0	0	3,760	1,835	1,920
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	400	280	120
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	25	15	15	72,315	35,170	37,145
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	0	0	10,745	5,745	4,995
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15	10	15	23,695	12,090	11,605
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10	10	0	37,875	17,325	20,550
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	6,490	4,800	1,685
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	0	0	0	2,880	1,680	1,195
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	3,610	3,125	490
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	0	0	0	13,130	4,680	8,450
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	3,365	1,305	2,060
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	0	0	0	14,885	6,540	8,345
Bachelor's degree	10	0	0	9,755	4,140	5,615
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,210	455	755
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	565	370	190
Master's degree	0	0	0	3,080	1,405	1,675
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	280	170	100
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	75	40	35	112,615	54,805	57,810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	65	30	35	62,415	31,140	31,275
Education	0	0	0	3,930	1,045	2,885
13. Education	0	0	0	3,925	1,045	2,890
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,455	585	870
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	260	195	65
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,195	390	805
Humanities	0	0	0	4,680	2,055	2,630
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	315	80	235
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	660	165	495
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,605	680	925
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	260	170	85
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	1,205	655	550
54. History	0	0	0	530	285	250
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	105	20	90
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	4,930	1,635	3,295
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	35	10	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	220	115	110
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,090	45	1,045
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	785	225	560
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	105	30	70
42. Psychology	0	0	0	880	230	645
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,810	980	830
Business, management and public administration	0	0	0	8,905	3,270	5,635
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	835	190	640
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	0	8,050	3,080	4,975
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,380	700	680
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	545	245	300
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	480	250	230
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	245	185	60
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	105	20	85
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,610	1,005	605
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,335	885	445
25. Library science	0	0	0	115	0	110
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	150	110	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	0	9,925	9,370	555
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	150	125	20
14. Engineering	10	0	0	1,430	1,265	165
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,500	1,340	160
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	2,735	2,660	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	2,820	2,725	90
48. Precision production	0	0	0	1,290	1,245	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	1,135	735	400
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	900	570	335
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	235	165	70
Health and related fields	0	0	0	8,835	1,700	7,130
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	540	275	265
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	8,090	1,285	6,800
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	200	135	65
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	3,405	1,565	1,840
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	2,090	530	1,565
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	575	385	190
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	710	625	85
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	25	15	10	72,315	35,170	37,145
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	25	10	10	34,440	17,840	16,600
Education	0	0	0	2,910	685	2,220
13. Education	0	0	0	2,905	685	2,220
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,150	420	730
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	200	145	55
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	945	275	675
Humanities	0	0	0	3,520	1,460	2,060
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	245	60	185
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	465	125	345
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,345	520	825
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	195	130	60
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	740	400	350
54. History	0	0	0	455	220	235
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	75	10	65
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	3,855	1,220	2,630
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	10	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	160	85	70
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	870	40	830
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	635	175	465
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	80	30	50
42. Psychology	0	0	0	625	140	485
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,455	740	710
Business, management and public administration	0	0	0	6,875	2,450	4,420
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	645	140	505
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	0	6,215	2,310	3,900
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	920	465	455
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	360	165	190
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	325	170	155
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	170	125	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	65	0	60
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,395	885	515
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,200	810	400
25. Library science	0	0	0	85	10	80
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	95	70	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	0	7,130	6,695	440
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	120	100	20
14. Engineering	10	0	0	1,035	905	130
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,105	990	110
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	1,945	1,890	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	2,010	1,930	80
48. Precision production	0	0	0	925	890	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	885	555	330
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	710	440	270
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	175	120	60
Health and related fields	0	0	0	6,680	1,320	5,360
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	425	215	210
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	6,090	1,005	5,085
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	160	100	60
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	2,555	1,170	1,385
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	1,500	375	1,125
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	490	320	170
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	540	455	85
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	75	40	35	112,615	54,810	57,810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	65	30	35	62,410	31,140	31,275
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	10	10	0	50,200	23,665	26,535
Location of study inside Canada	10	10	0	39,685	18,375	21,310
Same as province or territory of residence	10	10	0	32,630	14,895	17,735
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	7,060	3,480	3,575
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	10,515	5,290	5,225
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,800	1,000	800
Philippines	0	0	0	625	205	420
India	0	0	0	3,910	1,935	1,975
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	910	530	380
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	255	105	155
France	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other	0	0	0	3,000	1,515	1,485
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	25	15	15	72,315	35,170	37,145
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20	10	15	34,440	17,845	16,595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	0	10	0	37,875	17,330	20,545
Location of study inside Canada	0	10	0	29,850	13,570	16,280
Same as province or territory of residence	10	0	0	25,200	11,300	13,900
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	4,650	2,270	2,380
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	8,025	3,760	4,265
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,235	665	565
Philippines	0	0	0	550	170	375
India	0	0	0	3,345	1,575	1,775
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	410	200	210
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	230	95	135
France	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other	0	0	0	2,240	1,040	1,200
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	75	40	35	112,615	54,805	57,805
In the labour force	20	15	10	73,750	38,865	34,885
Employed	25	15	10	68,865	36,605	32,255
Unemployed	0	0	0	4,885	2,260	2,625
Not in the labour force	55	25	25	38,865	15,935	22,930
Participation rate	26.7	37.5	28.6	65.5	70.9	60.3
Employment rate	33.3	37.5	28.6	61.2	66.8	55.8
Unemployment rate	0.0	0.0	0.0	6.6	5.8	7.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	75	40	35	112,615	54,805	57,810
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	45	20	25	35,900	14,720	21,180
Worked	30	20	10	76,715	40,090	36,625
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	0	0	0	34,675	21,100	13,570
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	25	15	10	42,035	18,985	23,055
Average weeks worked in reference year	33.5	37.7	0.0	41.4	42.7	39.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	25	15	10	73,750	38,870	34,885
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,130	540	595
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	25	15	10	72,615	38,330	34,285
Employee	20	15	10	62,840	31,935	30,900
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	0	0	0	9,780	6,390	3,390
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	20	15	10	73,750	38,865	34,880
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,130	540	590
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	20	15	10	72,620	38,330	34,290
0 Management occupations	15	15	0	7,530	5,065	2,460
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	0	0	0	9,805	2,560	7,245
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	2,670	2,180	490
3 Health occupations	0	0	0	4,620	940	3,685
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	0	0	0	7,345	2,380	4,965
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	0	0	1,470	655	810
6 Sales and service occupations	0	0	10	16,125	6,040	10,085
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	0	0	0	14,565	13,690	875
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	4,240	1,990	2,240
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	4,250	2,820	1,430
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	20	15	10	73,750	38,870	34,885
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,130	535	595
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	20	15	10	72,620	38,330	34,290
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	5,580	2,660	2,925
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	285	245	35
22 Utilities	0	0	0	235	195	35
23 Construction	10	0	0	7,065	6,135	925
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	7,275	5,215	2,065
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	2,945	1,940	1,000
44-45 Retail trade	15	10	10	7,825	3,340	4,485
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	6,185	5,140	1,050
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	905	525	380
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	2,000	790	1,205
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	1,195	640	550
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	3,175	1,570	1,610
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	110	50	55
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	3,210	1,930	1,280
61 Educational services	0	0	0	4,425	1,285	3,140
62 Health care and social assistance	0	0	0	7,190	1,205	5,990
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	840	390	450
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	5,120	1,645	3,470
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	4,020	1,795	2,225
91 Public administration	0	0	0	3,045	1,635	1,410
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	25	10	10	68,865	36,610	32,255
Worked at home	0	0	0	5,380	2,600	2,780
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	295	185	115
No fixed workplace address	0	10	0	12,340	9,300	3,045
Worked at usual place	20	0	10	50,845	24,525	26,320
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	20	10	10	50,850	24,525	26,320
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	0	0	0	31,390	13,370	18,020
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	0	10	3,985	1,840	2,145
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	0	10	15,215	9,150	6,060
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	260	170	100
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	25	15	10	63,190	33,825	29,365
Car, truck, van - as a driver	25	15	10	53,455	29,200	24,260
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	0	0	0	4,955	2,300	2,655
Public transit	0	0	0	1,430	615	825
Walked	0	0	0	2,135	950	1,180
Bicycle	0	0	0	405	310	95
Other method	0	0	0	800	450	360
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	25	10	10	63,190	33,820	29,365
Less than 15 minutes	10	0	0	22,365	9,840	12,525
15 to 29 minutes	15	10	0	19,670	9,885	9,785
30 to 44 minutes	0	0	0	10,295	6,290	4,005
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	4,830	3,240	1,590
60 minutes and over	0	10	0	6,035	4,580	1,455
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	25	15	10	63,190	33,825	29,360
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	6,805	4,990	1,820
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	0	0	0	11,860	7,735	4,120
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	0	0	0	14,705	7,520	7,190
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	0	0	0	11,645	4,890	6,760
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	0	0	7,010	2,765	4,245
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	10	0	11,155	5,925	5,230
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	30	20	10	79,730	41,470	38,260
Single responses	25	15	10	77,330	40,100	37,225
Official languages	25	15	10	72,560	37,695	34,860
English	0	0	0	72,435	37,670	34,770
French	25	15	10	120	30	90
Non-official languages	0	0	0	4,770	2,405	2,365
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	4,775	2,410	2,365
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	20	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	25	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	115	50	65
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	115	50	65
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	4,260	2,160	2,100
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	25	15	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	4,135	2,095	2,040
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	4,130	2,090	2,040
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	4,110	2,085	2,030
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	80	50	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	80	50	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	150	55	100
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	180	110	75
Chinese languages	0	0	0	180	105	80
Cantonese	0	0	0	70	40	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	90	50	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	10	0	2,405	1,370	1,040
English and French	10	10	0	90	30	60
English and non-official language	0	0	0	2,305	1,325	975
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	25	15	10	79,735	41,470	38,265
None	25	20	10	73,345	37,950	35,395
English	10	0	10	1,685	925	760
French	0	0	0	410	150	260
Non-official language	0	0	0	4,250	2,415	1,835
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	4,250	2,415	1,835
English and French	0	0	0	10	10	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	20	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	85	40	45	136,935	67,345	69,590
Non-movers	85	40	45	115,725	56,995	58,740
Movers	0	0	0	21,205	10,350	10,855
Non-migrants	0	0	0	11,850	5,805	6,045
Migrants	0	0	0	9,355	4,545	4,810
Internal migrants	0	0	0	7,555	3,730	3,830
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	6,115	2,945	3,175
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,445	785	655
External migrants	0	0	0	1,795	820	980
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	75	40	35	130,105	63,870	66,235
Non-movers	75	40	35	73,835	36,385	37,450
Movers	0	0	0	56,270	27,485	28,785
Non-migrants	0	0	0	32,110	15,845	16,260
Migrants	0	0	0	24,160	11,640	12,520
Internal migrants	0	0	0	18,135	8,705	9,430
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	14,865	7,065	7,805
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	3,265	1,640	1,625
External migrants	0	0	0	6,025	2,935	3,095

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Mont-Élie, NO [Census subdivision], Quebec and Abbotsford, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 18, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mont-Élie, Unorganized [Census subdivision], Quebec and Abbotsford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Mont-Élie, Unorganized [Census subdivision], Quebec and Abbotsford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mont-Élie, Unorganized [Census subdivision], Quebec and Abbotsford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia