Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Benjamin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Newfoundland and Labrador [Province]

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint-Benjamin, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]			Newfoundland and Labrador [Province]
	Data quality , Saint-Benjamin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Saint-Benjamin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Newfoundland and Labrador [Province] Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	987	...	...	519,716	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	891	...	...	514,536	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	10.8	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	461	...	...	265,739	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	415	...	...	218,673	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	8.8	...	...	1.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	111.57	...	...	370,514.08	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	985	505	480	519,715	253,930	265,790
0 to 14 years	210	100	105	74,440	38,200	36,240
0 to 4 years	80	35	40	22,365	11,430	10,930
5 to 9 years	65	25	40	26,040	13,430	12,605
10 to 14 years	60	35	30	26,035	13,340	12,700
15 to 64 years	615	330	290	344,245	168,555	175,695
15 to 19 years	40	20	20	27,255	13,980	13,275
20 to 24 years	45	25	20	27,700	13,915	13,785
25 to 29 years	45	20	25	28,245	14,095	14,150
30 to 34 years	70	35	35	29,405	14,185	15,215
35 to 39 years	85	40	45	30,740	14,555	16,185
40 to 44 years	55	30	20	34,505	16,745	17,765
45 to 49 years	50	30	20	38,665	18,740	19,920
50 to 54 years	80	45	35	42,620	20,730	21,890
55 to 59 years	85	40	45	43,080	21,035	22,045
60 to 64 years	65	40	25	42,025	20,570	21,460
65 years and over	160	80	85	101,025	47,170	53,855
65 to 69 years	50	30	20	37,485	18,310	19,180
70 to 74 years	35	20	20	26,170	12,720	13,445
75 to 79 years	30	15	15	16,950	8,015	8,935
80 to 84 years	20	5	10	11,060	4,885	6,175
85 years and over	20	10	15	9,360	3,245	6,125
85 to 89 years	15	10	10	6,175	2,300	3,875
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	2,485	790	1,695
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	610	140	475
100 years and over	0	0	0	90	20	75
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.3	19.8	21.9	14.3	15.0	13.6
15 to 64 years	62.4	65.3	60.4	66.2	66.4	66.1
65 years and over	16.2	15.8	17.7	19.4	18.6	20.3
85 years and over	2.0	2.0	3.1	1.8	1.3	2.3
Average age of the population	40.5	40.9	40.1	43.7	42.9	44.4
Median age of the population	40.6	42.1	39.2	46.0	45.4	46.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	415	...	...	218,675	...	...
Single-detached house	365	...	...	160,245	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	750	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	45	...	...	56,245	...	...
Semi-detached house	20	...	...	8,545	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	10,390	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	25,235	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	25	...	...	11,645	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	435	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	1,430	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	415	...	...	218,675	...	...
1 person	125	...	...	53,755	...	...
2 persons	150	...	...	88,715	...	...
3 persons	50	...	...	37,700	...	...
4 persons	50	...	...	28,270	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	10,235	...	...
Number of persons in private households	985	...	...	512,255	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	780	410	375	445,275	215,720	229,550
Married or living common law	515	255	260	277,300	138,640	138,660
Married	295	145	145	230,815	115,460	115,355
Living common law	220	110	110	46,485	23,180	23,305
Not married and not living common law	265	150	115	167,980	77,085	90,895
Never married	170	115	60	107,650	57,545	50,105
Separated	5	10	0	8,570	3,760	4,815
Divorced	40	20	20	22,225	9,535	12,685
Widowed	50	10	35	29,530	6,245	23,285
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	285	...	...	161,010	...	...
2 persons	150	...	...	91,965	...	...
3 persons	55	...	...	36,220	...	...
4 persons	50	...	...	26,060	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...	6,760	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	285	...	...	161,010	...	...
Total couple families	255	...	...	136,755	...	...
Married couples	145	...	...	113,520	...	...
Common-law couples	110	...	...	23,235	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	30	...	...	24,250	...	...
Female parent	15	...	...	19,295	...	...
Male parent	15	...	...	4,960	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	260	...	...	136,760	...	...
Couples without children	135	...	...	76,080	...	...
Couples with children	125	...	...	60,675	...	...
1 child	40	...	...	29,785	...	...
2 children	50	...	...	24,525	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	6,365	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	24,250	...	...
1 child	20	...	...	15,885	...	...
2 children	15	...	...	6,445	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	1,925	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	150	85	65	80,020	36,715	43,315
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	415	...	...	218,675	...	...
One-census-family households	285	...	...	154,090	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	135	...	...	73,210	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	150	...	...	80,880	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5	...	...	3,430	...	...
Non-census-family households	130	...	...	61,155	...	...
One-person households	120	...	...	53,750	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	10	...	...	7,405	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	985	510	480	515,680	252,315	263,370
English only	5	5	0	488,800	241,310	247,490
French only	775	380	395	120	60	60
English and French	205	125	75	25,940	10,580	15,365
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	820	365	455
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	985	505	480	515,680	252,315	263,365
English	10	5	5	512,350	250,610	261,740
French	980	500	475	2,255	1,205	1,050
English and French	0	0	0	350	180	165
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	725	315	410
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	10	0	5	2,425	1,295	1,135
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	0.0	1.0	0.5	0.5	0.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	985	505	485	515,680	252,310	263,370
Single responses	980	500	475	513,980	251,490	262,495
Official languages	980	500	480	502,060	245,305	256,760
English	10	5	10	499,710	244,065	255,645
French	965	500	470	2,350	1,240	1,115
Non-official languages	0	0	0	11,920	6,190	5,735
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	2,620	1,270	1,350
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	2,130	1,030	1,100
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	2,120	1,025	1,095
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	1,505	725	780
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	605	295	310
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	490	235	255
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	435	205	230
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	30	20
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	9,300	4,920	4,380
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,295	730	565
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
Bilen	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oromo	0	0	0	35	15	15
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,245	700	545
Amharic	0	0	0	25	10	15
Arabic	0	0	0	1,140	645	490
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	65	30	35
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	30	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	30	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,120	475	645
Bikol	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	60	15	40
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malay	0	0	0	25	15	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	10	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	970	415	560
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	275	150	120
Kannada	0	0	0	15	5	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	100	55	45
Tamil	0	0	0	115	70	45
Telugu	0	0	0	50	25	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	5	4,020	2,265	1,760
Albanian	0	0	0	85	45	40
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	585	310	275
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	575	300	270
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Croatian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Czech	0	0	0	35	20	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Polish	0	0	0	105	55	50
Russian	0	0	0	220	120	100
Serbian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	715	425	290
Afrikaans	0	0	0	55	30	25
Danish	0	0	0	55	30	20
Dutch	0	0	0	110	70	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	380	210	170
Icelandic	0	0	0	30	20	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	55	45	15
Swedish	0	0	0	20	10	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	55	40	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,640	965	670
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,325	800	530
Bengali	0	0	0	325	220	105
Gujarati	0	0	0	70	45	25
Hindi	0	0	0	175	100	70
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	5	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	10
Nepali	0	0	0	135	75	55
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	215	130	90
Sindhi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	70	35	40
Urdu	0	0	0	285	165	120
Iranian languages	0	0	0	280	145	130
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	5
Pashto	0	0	0	30	10	15
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	235	125	110
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	25	10
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	915	465	455
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	105	60	45
Portuguese	5	0	0	165	90	70
Romanian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Spanish	0	0	0	595	290	305
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Japanese	0	0	0	45	15	30
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	125	50	80
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	320	170	145
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	10	5	5
Igbo	0	0	0	30	20	10
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	30	15	15
Swahili	0	0	0	55	25	25
Wolof	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	60	40	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Dinka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sign languages	0	0	0	125	70	55
American Sign Language	0	0	0	50	25	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	75	45	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,620	830	790
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,590	815	775
Cantonese	0	0	0	360	195	165
Hakka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	990	495	490
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	35	15	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	190	100	85
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	45	20	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	70	40	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	45	35	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	90	20	70
Estonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Finnish	0	0	0	20	5	20
Hungarian	0	0	0	55	10	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	5
Multiple responses	10	5	0	1,700	820	880
English and French	10	5	5	585	250	335
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,025	530	500
French and non-official language	5	0	0	60	30	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	990	505	480	515,675	252,310	263,370
Single responses	980	500	480	513,025	250,995	262,030
Official languages	985	505	480	506,485	247,615	258,865
English	10	5	5	505,550	247,155	258,395
French	970	500	475	935	465	475
Non-official languages	0	0	0	6,545	3,380	3,160
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,910	950	960
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	1,800	890	910
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	1,800	890	910
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	1,200	600	605
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	600	295	310
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	105	55	50
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	105	55	50
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	4,635	2,430	2,205
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	830	425	410
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Bilen	0	0	0	10	5	0
Oromo	0	0	0	30	20	15
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	790	400	390
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	725	375	355
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	50	20	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	20	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	500	235	265
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	475	225	245
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	120	65	55
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	35	15	15
Tamil	0	0	0	55	30	25
Telugu	0	0	0	25	15	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	1,620	890	730
Albanian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	195	100	100
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	195	100	95
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	30	15	15
Russian	0	0	0	95	50	45
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	155	85	70
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	5	10
Danish	0	0	0	25	10	10
Dutch	0	0	0	15	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	65	30	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	860	505	360
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	685	410	275
Bengali	0	0	0	150	105	45
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	75	45	30
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	95	55	40
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	145	80	60
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	45	25	20
Urdu	0	0	0	130	70	60
Iranian languages	0	0	0	155	85	75
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	145	75	65
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	365	175	190
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	50	25	25
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	0	0	0	275	130	145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	60	30	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	105	50	55
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	5
Igbo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	45	20	25
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	210	120	90
American Sign Language	0	0	0	60	30	30
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	155	85	70
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,040	545	495
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,030	535	490
Cantonese	0	0	0	190	100	90
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	705	365	335
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	120	65	55
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	5	0	5	2,655	1,320	1,340
English and French	5	0	0	400	185	215
English and non-official language	0	0	0	2,175	1,095	1,080
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	25	30
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	985	505	480	515,680	252,310	263,365
None	935	480	455	505,060	247,185	257,870
English	45	25	25	3,190	1,655	1,535
French	5	0	0	3,160	1,305	1,855
Non-official language	0	0	0	4,135	2,095	2,035
Aboriginal	0	0	0	685	315	370
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	3,450	1,785	1,670
English and French	0	0	0	20	10	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	45	25	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	65	35	35
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	780	405	370	437,940	212,785	225,150
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	765	405	365	422,335	205,915	216,425
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,248	34,842	23,712	31,754	40,880	25,314
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	765	400	365	422,475	205,925	216,550
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,413	31,296	22,912	28,883	36,040	23,623
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	690	365	320	350,685	178,440	172,240
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,648	30,528	17,280	30,580	39,940	23,812
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	630	325	305	320,165	142,895	177,270
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,864	8,048	9,744	9,208	10,950	8,142
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	555	305	245	299,155	154,695	144,455
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,200	31,552	21,483	31,528	41,659	24,445
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	780	440	340	437,935	212,780	225,155
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	765	435	325	422,695	206,060	216,630
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,370	37,579	30,056	45,210	56,724	34,259
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	760	440	325	422,850	206,070	216,780
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,935	32,553	26,416	37,105	45,371	29,247
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	685	400	280	350,865	178,415	172,450
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,717	33,360	24,551	45,500	56,985	33,617
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	655	360	295	320,275	143,070	177,205
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,134	8,650	9,724	9,823	10,636	9,166
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	515	315	200	299,155	154,695	144,460
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,957	33,996	28,733	46,153	57,421	34,087
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	780	445	335	437,935	212,785	225,150
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	180	110	75	127,135	65,460	61,670
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	45,747	45,738	49,179	55,696	64,859	46,313
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	47,181	47,438	46,800	67,716	80,565	54,077
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	77.0	82.8	69.4	83.5	86.9	78.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.3	65.5	58.6	72.0	75.7	66.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	22.8	17.3	30.4	16.5	13.1	21.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	780	405	375	437,940	212,785	225,155
Without total income	15	10	10	15,600	6,875	8,730
With total income	765	405	365	422,335	205,910	216,420
Percentage with total income	98.1	100.0	97.3	96.4	96.8	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	80	40	50	54,190	20,040	34,150
$10,000 to $19,999	160	65	95	80,625	30,610	50,015
$20,000 to $29,999	150	70	85	66,445	26,040	40,410
$30,000 to $39,999	110	65	45	50,800	24,220	26,585
$40,000 to $49,999	105	60	45	40,710	20,675	20,030
$50,000 to $59,999	55	35	20	28,815	16,365	12,450
$60,000 to $69,999	40	30	10	22,170	13,390	8,790
$70,000 to $79,999	30	25	10	16,585	9,950	6,640
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	14,525	8,380	6,140
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	5	11,570	7,230	4,345
$100,000 and over	10	10	0	35,890	29,020	6,870
$100,000 to $149,999	10	5	0	24,160	19,130	5,030
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	11,730	9,890	1,845
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	780	405	370	437,935	212,790	225,150
Without after-tax income	15	10	5	15,465	6,865	8,600
With after-tax income	770	405	365	422,475	205,920	216,550
Percentage with after-tax income	98.7	100.0	98.6	96.5	96.8	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	85	35	50	55,965	20,310	35,650
$10,000 to $19,999	165	65	105	84,935	32,255	52,675
$20,000 to $29,999	180	90	95	77,570	31,835	45,730
$30,000 to $39,999	150	90	65	60,145	30,005	30,140
$40,000 to $49,999	90	60	30	42,845	23,560	19,285
$50,000 to $59,999	50	30	15	29,740	18,000	11,735
$60,000 to $69,999	20	15	5	21,810	12,880	8,925
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	5	16,275	10,280	5,995
$80,000 and over	5	5	0	33,195	26,780	6,410
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	0	9,910	7,385	2,525
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	6,785	5,580	1,205
$100,000 and over	0	5	0	16,495	13,810	2,685
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	780	405	375	437,940	212,785	225,150
Without employment income	225	100	125	138,785	58,090	80,695
With employment income	555	305	250	299,155	154,695	144,460
Percentage with employment income	71.2	75.3	66.7	68.3	72.7	64.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	95	55	40	41,945	19,065	22,885
$5,000 to $9,999	35	5	20	25,185	9,870	15,315
$10,000 to $19,999	85	35	50	43,245	18,425	24,820
$20,000 to $29,999	90	40	50	34,575	14,615	19,960
$30,000 to $39,999	80	40	40	26,880	13,045	13,840
$40,000 to $49,999	50	30	20	25,000	12,240	12,755
$50,000 to $59,999	55	40	15	19,620	11,050	8,570
$60,000 to $69,999	25	20	0	16,510	9,855	6,655
$70,000 to $79,999	20	15	5	12,995	7,755	5,240
$80,000 and over	15	15	5	53,195	38,785	14,415
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	0	12,605	7,075	5,530
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	9,920	6,290	3,635
$100,000 and over	10	5	0	30,660	25,415	5,245
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	415	...	...	218,670	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	55,872	...	...	67,272	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	49,088	...	...	59,060	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	120	...	...	53,750	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,120	...	...	27,593	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,896	...	...	25,750	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	290	...	...	164,920	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,315	...	...	83,459	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,635	...	...	72,188	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	430	...	...	218,675	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,343	...	...	87,392	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,428	...	...	71,750	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	145	...	...	53,735	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,313	...	...	41,684	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,157	...	...	33,968	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	285	...	...	164,940	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,606	...	...	102,281	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,277	...	...	84,058	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	415	...	...	218,670	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	1,610	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	3,325	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	6,270	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	10,620	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	11,065	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	10,490	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	12,560	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	9,765	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	8,675	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	8,390	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...	15,745	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	14,835	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	13,210	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	11,965	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	10,690	...	...
$100,000 and over	75	...	...	69,465	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	21,315	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	16,030	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	18,490	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	13,630	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	415	...	...	218,675	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	1,715	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	3,370	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	6,350	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	10,970	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	12,220	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	11,580	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...	13,770	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	11,505	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	10,270	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	10,130	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	45	...	...	19,260	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	17,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	40	...	...	15,335	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	30	...	...	13,145	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	11,470	...	...
$100,000 and over	40	...	...	50,175	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	21,485	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	13,060	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	15,630	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	290	...	...	159,665	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,229	...	...	83,589	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,613	...	...	72,193	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	71,340	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,120	...	...	69,513	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	48,640	...	...	61,160	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	120	...	...	61,695	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,317	...	...	120,644	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	79,872	...	...	100,500	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.2	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	22,155	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,632	...	...	45,630	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,816	...	...	42,926	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	275	...	...	159,645	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,121	...	...	102,559	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,646	...	...	84,156	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	71,405	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,867	...	...	87,485	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	54,495	...	...	72,251	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	125	...	...	61,740	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,237	...	...	137,066	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,809	...	...	110,501	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	15	...	...	22,125	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	57,354	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	50,395	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	130	80	55	69,430	32,260	37,175
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,896	27,712	23,328	26,545	30,718	24,334
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,704	26,432	22,624	24,852	27,806	23,469
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	155	105	50	69,470	32,190	37,280
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,158	29,351	22,478	39,398	45,493	34,137
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	24,136	25,334	21,582	32,455	36,753	28,743
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	985	505	480	512,255	250,910	261,340
In the bottom half of the distribution	660	330	335	254,565	119,495	135,070
In the bottom decile	70	35	30	45,825	21,025	24,800
In the second decile	140	60	75	62,600	27,510	35,090
In the third decile	170	90	85	49,300	23,290	26,015
In the fourth decile	175	85	90	48,540	23,710	24,825
In the fifth decile	110	60	45	48,295	23,955	24,340
In the top half of the distribution	325	175	150	257,685	131,420	126,270
In the sixth decile	105	55	50	49,765	24,975	24,790
In the seventh decile	105	55	50	50,430	25,400	25,035
In the eighth decile	80	40	35	52,970	26,900	26,075
In the ninth decile	20	15	10	55,005	28,170	26,840
In the top decile	10	5	5	49,510	25,975	23,535
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	985	505	480	509,340	249,445	259,895
0 to 17 years	230	105	125	89,425	45,880	43,545
0 to 5 years	100	45	50	26,950	13,780	13,170
18 to 64 years	595	320	280	324,715	158,305	166,410
65 years and over	160	80	80	95,200	45,265	49,935
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	125	65	60	78,595	34,740	43,850
0 to 17 years	15	5	10	15,920	8,110	7,810
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	5,205	2,670	2,530
18 to 64 years	70	40	30	40,420	17,430	22,990
65 years and over	30	20	15	22,250	9,200	13,055
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.7	12.9	12.5	15.4	13.9	16.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.5	4.8	8.0	17.8	17.7	17.9
0 to 5 years (%)	5.0	11.1	10.0	19.3	19.4	19.2
18 to 64 years (%)	11.8	12.5	10.7	12.4	11.0	13.8
65 years and over (%)	18.8	25.0	18.8	23.4	20.3	26.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	45	25	20	29,200	13,915	15,285
0 to 17 years	10	0	5	6,065	3,095	2,970
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	2,035	1,080	955
18 to 64 years	35	20	20	21,880	10,305	11,570
65 years and over	0	0	0	1,255	510	750
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.6	5.0	4.2	5.7	5.6	5.9
0 to 17 years (%)	4.3	0.0	4.0	6.8	6.7	6.8
0 to 5 years (%)	5.0	0.0	0.0	7.6	7.8	7.3
18 to 64 years (%)	5.9	6.3	7.1	6.7	6.5	7.0
65 years and over (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.3	1.1	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	985	550	435	512,250	250,910	261,340
Official languages	985	555	435	511,220	250,445	260,775
English	210	140	75	511,100	250,390	260,705
French	985	555	430	25,965	10,395	15,575
Non-official languages	20	10	0	17,245	8,800	8,445
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	3,035	1,425	1,610
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	2,270	1,085	1,180
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	2,220	1,070	1,150
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	1,575	765	810
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Naskapi	0	0	0	665	315	350
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	50	15	35
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	50	15	35
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	765	340	425
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	690	290	400
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	50	25
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	14,220	7,380	6,840
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,705	930	770
Berber languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,640	900	735
Amharic	0	0	0	50	35	20
Arabic	0	0	0	1,560	860	700
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	25	20	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	50	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,315	530	785
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	95	30	75
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	35	10	30
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	110	70	40
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,170	450	715
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	60	30	25
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	450	245	210
Kannada	0	0	0	35	10	25
Malayalam	0	0	0	150	75	80
Tamil	0	0	0	245	145	100
Telugu	0	0	0	45	30	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	7,080	3,835	3,245
Albanian	0	0	0	125	70	60
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	855	450	405
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	845	450	400
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	60	25	35
Croatian	0	0	0	65	45	20
Czech	0	0	0	50	25	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Polish	0	0	0	125	85	40
Russian	0	0	0	515	250	265
Serbian	0	0	0	15	20	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	15	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	120	55	70
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	115	75	35
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	30	30	0
Welsh	0	0	0	40	30	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	25
Germanic languages	0	0	10	1,765	965	800
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	50	40
Danish	0	0	0	100	55	45
Dutch	0	0	0	150	80	75
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	10	1,270	685	580
Icelandic	0	0	0	50	35	20
Norwegian	0	0	0	130	75	55
Swedish	0	0	0	55	40	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	95	55	40
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,070	1,230	840
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,760	1,070	690
Bengali	0	0	0	370	240	125
Gujarati	0	0	0	60	35	20
Hindi	0	0	0	595	355	240
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nepali	0	0	0	175	110	60
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	485	305	180
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	80	45	35
Urdu	0	0	0	405	255	145
Iranian languages	0	0	0	275	150	130
Kurdish	0	0	0	25	25	0
Pashto	0	0	0	50	35	15
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	205	90	110
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	45	30
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	10	2,450	1,240	1,210
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italian	0	0	0	360	190	165
Portuguese	0	0	0	395	215	180
Romanian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Spanish	10	10	0	1,820	895	930
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Japanese	0	0	0	155	45	110
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	130	50	75
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	795	445	345
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	60	55	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	55	35	20
Igbo	0	0	0	90	45	45
Lingala	0	0	0	10	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	15	20
Shona	0	0	0	105	35	75
Swahili	0	0	0	180	110	70
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	200	115	80
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	75	60
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	55	35	20
Dinka	0	0	0	35	25	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sign languages	10	0	0	710	315	395
American Sign Language	0	0	0	350	130	215
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	370	190	180
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,870	1,025	840
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,820	995	820
Cantonese	0	0	0	395	230	165
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,265	665	595
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	35	25	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	265	160	110
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	50	30	20
Burmese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	35	25	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Lao	0	0	0	15	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	55	25	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	80	50	30
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	60	45	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages	0	0	0	120	35	80
Estonian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Finnish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	85	25	65
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	985	550	435	512,250	250,910	261,335
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	975	545	430	503,160	245,925	257,240
Canadian citizens aged under 18	220	120	100	88,805	45,585	43,220
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	750	425	330	414,355	200,335	214,020
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	15	10	0	9,090	4,990	4,100
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	990	555	435	512,255	250,910	261,340
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	965	550	420	496,410	242,465	253,940
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	10	0	15	12,080	6,230	5,850
Before 1981	0	0	0	3,430	1,765	1,660
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	905	455	450
1991 to 2000	10	0	0	1,210	625	585
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	2,860	1,490	1,370
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	995	500	495
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	1,865	990	875
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	0	0	3,675	1,890	1,780
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	3,770	2,215	1,550
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	15	0	15	12,075	6,230	5,845
Under 5 years	0	0	0	1,535	745	790
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	2,095	1,090	1,005
15 to 24 years	10	0	10	2,090	1,035	1,050
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	5,420	2,840	2,580
45 years and over	0	0	0	940	515	425
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	15	0	15	12,080	6,230	5,850
Americas	15	0	10	2,280	1,080	1,205
Brazil	0	0	0	30	15	15
Colombia	0	0	0	110	50	65
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guyana	0	0	0	30	15	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	110	45	70
Mexico	0	0	0	90	35	55
Peru	0	0	0	20	0	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	30	15	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	0	15	1,535	730	805
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	300	155	145
Europe	0	0	0	4,215	2,325	1,885
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	45	20	25
Croatia	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	160	95	70
Germany	0	0	0	365	210	155
Greece	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hungary	0	0	0	40	10	30
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	180	95	85
Italy	0	0	0	80	60	20
Netherlands	0	0	0	95	55	40
Poland	0	0	0	75	50	30
Portugal	0	0	0	140	80	60
Romania	0	0	0	55	15	35
Russian Federation	0	0	0	165	90	70
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	85	25	60
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	2,215	1,215	1,000
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	465	270	195
Africa	0	0	0	1,215	655	560
Algeria	0	0	0	30	20	0
Egypt	0	0	0	215	135	80
Ethiopia	0	0	0	50	30	25
Kenya	0	0	0	25	10	20
Morocco	0	0	0	25	20	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	185	105	80
Somalia	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	135	55	80
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	535	280	260
Asia	0	0	0	4,295	2,145	2,150
Afghanistan	0	0	0	45	15	25
Bangladesh	0	0	0	165	95	70
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	835	405	425
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	80	60	25
India	0	0	0	640	355	285
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	65	35	35
Iraq	0	0	0	220	115	105
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	35	0	25
Lebanon	0	0	0	35	35	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	245	145	95
Philippines	0	0	0	855	330	530
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	115	65	50
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	315	145	175
Taiwan	0	0	0	35	20	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	30	15	20
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	570	315	255
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	70	20	50
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	0	3,675	1,890	1,785
Americas	0	0	0	460	230	230
Brazil	0	0	0	20	0	15
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	30	15	15
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	70	20	45
Mexico	0	0	0	30	20	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	195	110	90
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	25	20	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	80	30	45
Europe	0	0	0	545	310	230
France	0	0	0	65	30	30
Germany	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	30	30	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	45	30	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	40	0	45
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	160	100	60
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	170	110	60
Africa	0	0	0	620	320	300
Algeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	30	0	20
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0	115	65	55
Eritrea	0	0	0	25	15	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	30	15	15
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	125	70	60
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	50	25	25
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	210	110	95
Asia	0	0	0	2,010	1,010	1,005
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	50	30	25
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	275	130	145
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	175	100	75
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Iraq	0	0	0	75	40	30
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	25	20	0
Nepal	0	0	0	55	30	30
Pakistan	0	0	0	95	60	30
Philippines	0	0	0	595	270	330
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	35	25	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	60	30	30
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	300	135	165
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	10	10
Turkey	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	30	15	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	155	100	60
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Australia	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	990	555	440	512,250	250,910	261,340
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	20	10	15	16,840	8,935	7,900
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	25	15	10	13,820	6,900	6,920
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	945	535	415	481,595	235,080	246,515
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10	0	10	8,805	4,565	4,245
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	4,930	2,655	2,270
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	2,260	1,535	725
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	2,670	1,125	1,545
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	10	0	10	2,355	1,115	1,240
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,485	770	720
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	990	550	435	512,255	250,910	261,340
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	30	15	15	45,730	22,105	23,625
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	25	10	15	42,615	20,515	22,100
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	0	28,375	13,615	14,760
Métis	15	10	10	7,790	3,790	4,000
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	6,450	3,110	3,335
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	555	305	255
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	10	2,560	1,280	1,275
Non-Aboriginal identity	955	540	420	466,525	228,810	237,710
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	985	550	435	512,250	250,910	261,340
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	0	10	21,155	10,170	10,990
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	980	550	425	491,095	240,745	250,355
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	985	555	435	512,250	250,910	261,340
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	10	0	0	18,965	9,340	9,630
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	18,210	8,950	9,260
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	0	12,185	5,935	6,255
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	2,440	1,255	1,185
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	3,585	1,760	1,820
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	760	385	370
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	75	30	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	225	110	115
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	415	230	180
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	45	20	25
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	60	40	20	39,585	18,825	20,760
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	60	45	20	37,850	18,000	19,850
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	40	10	30,420	14,410	16,005
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	3,655	1,800	1,860
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	3,775	1,785	1,990
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	1,730	825	910
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	500	215	285
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	510	245	260
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	670	340	335
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	55	20	35
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	925	510	415	453,700	222,750	230,950
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	985	555	435	512,250	250,915	261,340
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	11,810	6,145	5,665
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	2,645	1,540	1,100
Chinese	0	0	0	2,325	1,265	1,065
Black	0	0	0	2,355	1,205	1,150
Filipino	0	0	0	1,390	550	835
Latin American	0	0	0	635	305	330
Arab	0	0	0	1,375	760	620
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	340	190	150
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	220	90	125
Korean	0	0	0	80	30	45
Japanese	0	0	0	60	30	35
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	150	65	80
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	255	120	135
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	985	550	435	500,440	244,765	255,675
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	985	555	435	512,250	250,910	261,340
North American Aboriginal origins	65	40	20	58,550	28,165	30,385
First Nations (North American Indian)	55	35	15	44,015	20,995	23,025
Inuit	0	0	0	9,270	4,515	4,750
Métis	10	0	10	7,855	3,910	3,950
Other North American origins	820	445	375	280,640	137,030	143,610
Acadian	0	0	0	490	235	255
American	15	0	10	1,890	960	930
Canadian	800	435	365	276,130	134,745	141,390
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	4,080	2,090	1,990
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ontarian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Québécois	20	15	0	100	60	40
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	10	10
European origins	250	160	90	274,460	134,070	140,390
British Isles origins	60	45	15	259,460	126,485	132,980
Channel Islander	0	0	0	85	40	45
Cornish	0	0	0	35	15	15
English	10	0	0	191,855	93,405	98,450
Irish	55	40	15	106,225	51,035	55,190
Manx	0	0	0	50	35	20
Scottish	0	0	0	34,650	16,580	18,075
Welsh	0	0	0	4,380	2,155	2,225
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	10	10	0	6,025	2,845	3,180
French origins	220	135	90	26,845	12,685	14,155
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	220	135	85	26,835	12,680	14,150
Western European origins (except French origins)	0	0	0	11,045	5,440	5,605
Austrian	0	0	0	360	160	205
Bavarian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Belgian	0	0	0	195	95	105
Dutch	0	0	0	2,150	1,030	1,120
Flemish	0	0	0	55	25	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	8,620	4,270	4,355
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	245	140	110
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	25	0	20
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	3,940	1,885	2,055
Danish	0	0	0	685	345	340
Finnish	0	0	0	240	95	150
Icelandic	0	0	0	190	100	90
Norwegian	0	0	0	1,710	845	870
Swedish	0	0	0	995	405	585
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	320	185	140
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	4,230	2,055	2,175
Bulgarian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Byelorussian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Czech	0	0	0	180	100	80
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	55	15	45
Estonian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	415	175	240
Latvian	0	0	0	70	45	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	110	45	65
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	1,540	735	805
Romanian	0	0	0	180	85	100
Russian	0	0	0	910	480	430
Slovak	0	0	0	65	25	45
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,350	700	650
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	80	35	50
Southern European origins	10	0	0	4,765	2,320	2,450
Albanian	0	0	0	45	20	30
Bosnian	0	0	0	45	30	20
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	160	90	75
Cypriot	0	0	0	20	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	380	220	165
Italian	10	0	0	1,715	875	840
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Maltese	0	0	0	135	80	50
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,215	595	615
Serbian	0	0	0	55	40	15
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Spanish	0	0	0	1,105	475	635
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	35	10	25
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other European origins	0	0	0	1,065	550	520
Basque	0	0	0	65	45	20
Jewish	0	0	0	285	140	140
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	100	55	45
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	615	315	305
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	885	455	430
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	95	55	40
Bermudan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	140	85	55
Dominican	0	0	0	25	20	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	395	185	210
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	100	50	50
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	60	20	40
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	40	20	25
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	925	410	520
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	70	40	35
Belizean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Chilean	0	0	0	25	10	20
Colombian	0	0	0	160	80	80
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	55	30	30
Guatemalan	0	0	0	40	15	25
Guyanese	0	0	0	55	35	25
Hispanic	0	0	0	50	25	30
Honduran	0	0	0	25	0	20
Maya	0	0	0	30	15	20
Mexican	0	0	0	245	90	150
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	75	45	30
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	75	25	45
African origins	0	0	0	2,705	1,470	1,240
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	750	430	320
Akan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	35	15	25
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	130	80	55
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	65	40	20
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	20	20	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Liberian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Malian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	360	190	170
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Togolese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	80	65	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	30	25	10
North African origins	0	0	0	630	380	250
Algerian	0	0	0	20	20	10
Berber	0	0	0	25	10	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	320	185	135
Libyan	0	0	0	165	85	75
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	40	35	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	75	60	20
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	610	340	270
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	55	25	25
Ethiopian	0	0	0	70	45	25
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	30	15	15
South African	0	0	0	120	75	50
Tanzanian	0	0	0	40	35	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	55	30	30
Zambian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	110	40	70
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	65	25	40
Other African origins	0	0	0	805	365	435
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	65	35	30
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	755	345	415
Asian origins	0	0	0	10,095	5,240	4,850
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	2,660	1,365	1,295
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	355	200	160
Armenian	0	0	0	55	20	30
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	215	110	110
Iraqi	0	0	0	265	145	115
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	135	80	50
Kazakh	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kurd	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	995	465	530
Palestinian	0	0	0	95	60	35
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Syrian	0	0	0	335	170	165
Tajik	0	0	0	60	15	40
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	100	75	25
Turkmen	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	20	10	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	40	20	20
South Asian origins	0	0	0	2,740	1,570	1,175
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	240	155	85
Bengali	0	0	0	60	35	25
Bhutanese	0	0	0	50	40	10
East Indian	0	0	0	1,820	1,020	805
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	95	60	40
Pakistani	0	0	0	335	215	120
Punjabi	0	0	0	40	25	20
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	120	65	55
Tamil	0	0	0	55	35	20
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	90	25	60
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	4,735	2,315	2,420
Burmese	0	0	0	35	15	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	25	20	0
Chinese	0	0	0	2,700	1,435	1,265
Filipino	0	0	0	1,525	615	910
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Japanese	0	0	0	100	35	70
Karen	0	0	0	35	25	10
Korean	0	0	0	100	35	60
Laotian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Malaysian	0	0	0	120	70	50
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	30	20	10
Thai	0	0	0	65	35	30
Tibetan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	75	40	35
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	45	30	15
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Oceania origins	0	0	0	240	115	125
Australian	0	0	0	165	75	85
New Zealander	0	0	0	25	15	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	45	20	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Samoan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	430	...	...	218,670	...	...
Owner	380	...	...	167,700	...	...
Renter	50	...	...	50,530	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	430	...	...	218,675	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	4,630	...	...
Not condominium	425	...	...	214,045	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	425	...	...	218,675	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	230	...	...
1 bedroom	15	...	...	11,785	...	...
2 bedrooms	85	...	...	48,445	...	...
3 bedrooms	165	...	...	102,580	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	160	...	...	55,630	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	430	...	...	218,675	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	80	...	...	32,240	...	...
5 rooms	40	...	...	34,295	...	...
6 rooms	70	...	...	39,180	...	...
7 rooms	100	...	...	34,060	...	...
8 or more rooms	140	...	...	78,895	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	425	...	...	218,675	...	...
One person or fewer per room	425	...	...	217,795	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	880	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	425	...	...	218,675	...	...
Suitable	425	...	...	214,690	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	3,985	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	430	...	...	218,675	...	...
1960 or before	215	...	...	43,255	...	...
1961 to 1980	60	...	...	71,280	...	...
1981 to 1990	40	...	...	34,040	...	...
1991 to 2000	30	...	...	25,375	...	...
2001 to 2005	15	...	...	12,395	...	...
2006 to 2010	35	...	...	16,210	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	25	...	...	16,120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	430	...	...	218,675	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	385	...	...	204,465	...	...
Major repairs needed	40	...	...	14,210	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	430	...	...	218,675	...	...
1 household maintainer	305	...	...	128,070	...	...
2 household maintainers	115	...	...	87,205	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	3,400	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	430	...	...	218,670	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	5,730	...	...
25 to 34 years	45	...	...	25,840	...	...
35 to 44 years	75	...	...	33,600	...	...
45 to 54 years	90	...	...	44,480	...	...
55 to 64 years	105	...	...	47,380	...	...
65 to 74 years	65	...	...	38,295	...	...
75 to 84 years	35	...	...	18,275	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	5,080	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	425	...	...	217,560	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	355	...	...	180,060	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	65	...	...	37,505	...	...
30% to less than 100%	60	...	...	33,880	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	380	...	...	167,335	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.3	...	...	49.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.2	...	...	10.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	604	...	...	743	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	767	...	...	984	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	99,927	...	...	219,228	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	125,813	...	...	243,157	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	45	...	...	50,415	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	22.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	39.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	382	...	...	802	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	362	...	...	836	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	780	440	340	437,935	212,785	225,155
No certificate, diploma or degree	260	155	105	102,665	51,170	51,495
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	180	80	100	109,480	50,205	59,275
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	335	210	130	225,790	111,405	114,380
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	170	120	50	49,435	36,325	13,110
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	95	60	35	24,305	14,660	9,645
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	75	60	15	25,130	21,665	3,460
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	80	50	30	101,250	42,910	58,340
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	10	10	10,400	4,280	6,125
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	80	35	50	64,700	27,900	36,800
Bachelor's degree	50	25	25	42,850	17,810	25,040
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	2,995	1,395	1,605
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	1,790	1,055	735
Master's degree	15	0	0	14,820	6,180	8,640
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	2,250	1,465	785
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	540	305	235	287,880	139,650	148,230
No certificate, diploma or degree	145	80	60	45,170	23,965	21,205
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	130	55	75	65,210	30,300	34,910
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	265	170	95	177,495	85,380	92,115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	140	100	40	36,075	26,475	9,605
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	75	40	30	18,045	10,900	7,145
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	65	55	10	18,030	15,580	2,455
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	45	30	10	81,955	34,175	47,780
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	6,680	2,970	3,710
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	75	35	45	52,785	21,760	31,025
Bachelor's degree	50	25	25	34,555	13,960	20,595
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	10	2,410	1,070	1,340
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	1,515	810	700
Master's degree	10	0	0	12,610	4,860	7,755
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	0	1,705	1,060	645
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	785	445	340	437,935	212,780	225,150
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	445	230	210	212,145	101,375	110,770
Education	40	0	35	19,040	5,665	13,375
13. Education	35	10	35	19,035	5,665	13,375
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	10	0	3,660	1,705	1,950
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	760	590	170
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	2,900	1,115	1,785
Humanities	10	0	10	7,180	2,965	4,220
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	470	125	350
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	1,735	610	1,120
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,675	540	1,135
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	70	45	20
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	595	315	280
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	1,325	740	585
54. History	0	0	0	870	490	380
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	10	440	95	340
Social and behavioural sciences and law	15	15	0	13,825	4,140	9,685
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	315	95	215
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	850	320	535
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	10	0	3,695	280	3,410
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,930	595	1,345
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	170	40	130
42. Psychology	0	0	0	2,340	595	1,745
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	4,515	2,220	2,300
Business, management and public administration	65	25	35	47,775	11,015	36,760
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	150	30	125
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	10	0	2,725	510	2,220
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	65	25	35	44,900	10,480	34,420
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	5,570	2,930	2,645
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	2,225	960	1,265
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	1,280	650	635
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	130	55	80
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	1,665	1,190	475
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	270	75	190
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	10	0	8,305	4,255	4,055
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	10	0	7,085	3,705	3,380
25. Library science	0	0	0	475	70	400
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	690	420	265
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	60	50	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	95	80	10	61,025	55,930	5,095
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	275	200	75
14. Engineering	10	0	0	6,685	5,515	1,175
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	25	20	0	12,325	10,200	2,130
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	20	10	15
46. Construction trades	25	20	10	19,465	18,750	720
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	10	10	14,775	14,250	520
48. Precision production	30	30	0	7,480	7,015	465
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	15	0	3,630	2,395	1,240
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	0	1,170	620	555
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	2,465	1,780	685
Health and related fields	30	10	25	32,275	5,370	26,905
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	1,585	880	705
51. Health professions and related programs	30	10	30	30,030	4,130	25,900
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	655	355	295
Personal, protective and transportation services	55	45	10	23,495	15,050	8,450
12. Personal and culinary services	25	10	15	9,540	2,345	7,185
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	15	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	175	150	20
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	2,285	1,735	545
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	30	0	11,490	10,795	695
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	540	305	235	287,880	139,650	148,230
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	275	135	140	110,380	54,270	56,115
Education	25	10	25	12,575	3,380	9,200
13. Education	25	0	20	12,580	3,380	9,195
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	2,940	1,310	1,635
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	510	355	155
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	2,430	955	1,480
Humanities	10	0	0	5,105	2,045	3,055
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	360	80	275
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	1,260	420	840
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,185	390	790
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	65	45	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	415	215	195
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	835	475	355
54. History	0	0	0	675	365	315
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	320	60	260
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	10	0	11,820	3,365	8,450
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	260	75	190
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	710	245	465
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	3,175	250	2,920
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,675	450	1,225
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	130	30	100
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,945	455	1,495
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	3,925	1,865	2,060
Business, management and public administration	65	25	40	39,285	8,560	30,725
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	125	25	100
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	10	0	2,295	370	1,925
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	60	25	40	36,865	8,160	28,705
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	4,275	2,175	2,100
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	1,665	665	1,005
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	1,020	515	510
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	75	35	40
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	1,320	900	425
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	190	60	125
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	7,640	3,965	3,675
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	6,670	3,510	3,165
25. Library science	0	0	0	345	65	285
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	560	340	220
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	55	50	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	75	75	0	46,125	42,065	4,060
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	230	165	65
14. Engineering	10	0	0	5,500	4,465	1,030
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	10	0	9,790	8,085	1,705
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	15	0	15
46. Construction trades	15	20	0	14,430	13,915	510
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10,765	10,340	420
48. Precision production	30	30	0	5,400	5,090	310
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	3,025	1,945	1,085
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	0	930	460	475
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	2,095	1,485	610
Health and related fields	30	0	25	25,620	4,275	21,350
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	1,265	730	530
51. Health professions and related programs	30	10	20	23,810	3,275	20,540
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	545	265	275
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	30	10	19,080	12,300	6,785
12. Personal and culinary services	10	10	0	7,705	1,895	5,815
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	160	130	25
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	1,885	1,440	445
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0	9,330	8,825	505
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	780	440	340	437,935	212,785	225,150
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	445	235	210	212,145	101,375	110,775
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	340	210	130	225,790	111,405	114,380
Location of study inside Canada	330	205	125	217,745	107,100	110,645
Same as province or territory of residence	330	205	125	188,225	92,155	96,070
Different than province or territory of residence	0	10	0	29,520	14,945	14,575
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	10	10	8,045	4,305	3,735
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	10	2,175	1,205	965
Philippines	0	0	0	820	305	515
India	0	0	0	405	230	180
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	1,495	905	585
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	335	190	140
France	0	0	0	125	65	60
Other	0	0	0	2,695	1,410	1,285
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	540	305	235	287,880	139,650	148,230
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	275	140	140	110,380	54,270	56,115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	265	170	95	177,500	85,380	92,115
Location of study inside Canada	260	160	100	171,300	82,140	89,165
Same as province or territory of residence	255	160	100	147,040	70,500	76,540
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	24,265	11,635	12,630
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	6,195	3,245	2,955
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,375	725	650
Philippines	0	0	0	765	295	470
India	0	0	0	360	195	165
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	1,010	645	370
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	285	165	125
France	10	0	0	110	55	55
Other	0	0	0	2,285	1,160	1,125
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	780	445	340	437,935	212,785	225,150
In the labour force	455	290	165	256,855	133,110	123,745
Employed	415	245	170	216,705	108,395	108,310
Unemployed	45	45	0	40,150	24,715	15,440
Not in the labour force	320	155	170	181,080	79,675	101,405
Participation rate	58.3	65.2	48.5	58.7	62.6	55.0
Employment rate	53.2	55.1	50.0	49.5	50.9	48.1
Unemployment rate	9.9	15.5	0.0	15.6	18.6	12.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	785	445	340	437,935	212,785	225,150
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	310	140	170	158,915	67,920	90,995
Worked	465	305	165	279,020	144,865	134,155
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	185	110	70	128,865	66,480	62,385
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	280	190	95	150,155	78,385	71,770
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	40.3	43.9	38.9	38.3	39.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	460	290	165	256,855	133,110	123,745
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	5,055	2,700	2,350
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	455	285	170	251,795	130,405	121,395
Employee	410	260	145	236,110	120,790	115,315
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	50	25	25	15,690	9,615	6,075
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	455	285	165	256,855	133,110	123,745
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	5,055	2,705	2,350
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	455	290	165	251,800	130,405	121,390
0 Management occupations	20	15	10	20,870	11,930	8,940
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	40	10	35	32,115	8,130	23,985
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	20	20	0	16,780	13,320	3,460
3 Health occupations	0	0	10	18,865	3,190	15,675
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	50	10	45	32,515	8,935	23,585
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	4,830	2,045	2,790
6 Sales and service occupations	75	45	30	56,205	21,550	34,650
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	120	105	15	47,890	45,235	2,655
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	50	45	0	11,845	9,800	2,045
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	60	40	20	9,885	6,270	3,615
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	460	290	170	256,855	133,110	123,745
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	5,055	2,705	2,355
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	460	290	165	251,800	130,405	121,395
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	40	35	10	8,720	6,635	2,085
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	0	0	9,780	8,190	1,595
22 Utilities	0	0	0	2,695	2,065	625
23 Construction	35	35	0	27,360	24,470	2,885
31-33 Manufacturing	125	100	25	16,735	11,520	5,215
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	5,640	4,065	1,580
44-45 Retail trade	45	25	20	31,755	13,635	18,125
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	40	30	10	12,235	9,105	3,125
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	3,690	1,975	1,715
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	5,255	1,585	3,675
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	2,520	1,515	1,005
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10	0	0	10,885	6,005	4,885
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	200	115	90
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	15	0	7,375	4,150	3,230
61 Educational services	45	10	35	17,800	6,130	11,670
62 Health care and social assistance	45	0	45	37,130	6,040	31,090
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	3,595	1,885	1,720
72 Accommodation and food services	15	10	10	17,660	6,285	11,370
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	0	10	10,565	4,680	5,890
91 Public administration	15	10	10	20,190	10,365	9,825
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	415	245	165	216,705	108,390	108,310
Worked at home	20	0	15	9,965	4,315	5,655
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	650	530	120
No fixed workplace address	55	55	10	26,135	20,220	5,910
Worked at usual place	330	180	150	179,955	83,330	96,625
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	330	180	150	179,955	83,335	96,625
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	25	10	15	96,140	41,420	54,720
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	55	30	25	71,710	33,265	38,445
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	255	140	115	8,615	5,795	2,820
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	3,495	2,850	645
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	390	235	155	206,085	103,555	102,540
Car, truck, van - as a driver	375	225	150	167,405	83,525	83,875
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	10	10	0	16,255	6,690	9,565
Public transit	0	0	0	5,185	3,340	1,845
Walked	10	0	0	10,010	4,405	5,605
Bicycle	0	0	0	315	260	55
Other method	0	0	0	6,925	5,330	1,595
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	390	235	160	206,090	103,555	102,540
Less than 15 minutes	65	35	30	95,355	42,345	53,015
15 to 29 minutes	190	100	90	68,435	34,355	34,085
30 to 44 minutes	75	50	25	20,960	11,500	9,460
45 to 59 minutes	25	20	10	6,490	3,755	2,730
60 minutes and over	35	30	10	14,850	11,605	3,245
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	390	235	155	206,090	103,555	102,540
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	45	40	0	11,825	9,160	2,665
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	110	75	35	25,555	17,110	8,450
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	135	50	85	64,365	33,725	30,635
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	30	15	10	54,780	20,795	33,990
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	30	20	10	19,175	6,340	12,830
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	50	40	10	30,390	16,420	13,970
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	475	305	175	286,035	148,060	137,975
Single responses	460	295	170	285,380	147,830	137,555
Official languages	460	290	165	284,750	147,500	137,250
English	10	10	0	283,805	147,190	136,610
French	450	280	170	945	310	640
Non-official languages	0	0	0	630	330	300
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	440	205	230
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	415	200	215
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	415	200	210
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	250	125	125
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	165	75	90
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	20	10	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	25	10	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	190	120	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	20	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	20	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	20	20	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	35	25	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	15	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	80	50	35
Chinese languages	0	0	0	85	50	30
Cantonese	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	10	655	230	420
English and French	10	10	0	480	135	340
English and non-official language	0	0	0	170	95	70
French and non-official language	10	10	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	475	305	170	286,035	148,060	137,975
None	445	285	160	281,215	146,080	135,130
English	25	20	10	1,115	405	710
French	0	0	0	2,665	1,060	1,605
Non-official language	0	0	0	995	475	520
Aboriginal	0	0	0	435	175	265
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	555	300	255
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	0	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	30	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	980	550	435	507,965	248,690	259,270
Non-movers	930	520	410	457,145	224,045	233,100
Movers	55	25	25	50,825	24,650	26,170
Non-migrants	25	10	15	26,690	12,990	13,695
Migrants	30	15	10	24,135	11,655	12,475
Internal migrants	30	20	15	22,190	10,710	11,475
Intraprovincial migrants	30	15	10	15,445	7,375	8,070
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	6,745	3,340	3,405
External migrants	0	0	0	1,945	950	995
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	930	525	405	489,795	239,505	250,295
Non-movers	735	415	325	347,175	169,930	177,245
Movers	195	120	80	142,625	69,575	73,050
Non-migrants	130	75	55	69,950	33,920	36,030
Migrants	65	40	20	72,675	35,660	37,015
Internal migrants	65	40	25	66,305	32,250	34,055
Intraprovincial migrants	65	40	25	42,755	20,410	22,345
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	23,545	11,835	11,710
External migrants	0	0	0	6,370	3,410	2,965

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint-Benjamin, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec and Newfoundland and Labrador [Province] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 16, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Benjamin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Newfoundland and Labrador [Province]

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint-Benjamin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Newfoundland and Labrador [Province]

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Benjamin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Newfoundland and Labrador [Province]