Census Profile, 2016 Census
Baie-du-Febvre, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Quebec [Province]

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic Baie-du-Febvre,
Quebec
[Census subdivision]
Quebec

[Province]
Data quality , Baie-du-Febvre, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec  Map : Baie-du-Febvre, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec
Change geography 1
Data quality : Quebec [Province]  Map : geography 2
Change geography 2
Total Male Female Total Male Female
Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1 988 ... ... 8,164,361 ... ...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1 1,010 ... ... 7,903,001 ... ...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016 -2.2 ... ... 3.3 ... ...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2 522 ... ... 3,858,943 ... ...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3 443 ... ... 3,531,663 ... ...
Population density per square kilometre 10.2 ... ... 6.0 ... ...
Land area in square kilometres 97.21 ... ... 1,356,625.27 ... ...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4 990 510 475 8,164,360 4,016,760 4,147,605
0 to 14 years 145 65 75 1,333,260 682,535 650,720
0 to 4 years 55 25 35 444,930 227,965 216,970
5 to 9 years 60 30 30 469,165 240,225 228,940
10 to 14 years 30 15 15 419,160 214,345 204,815
15 to 64 years 650 355 300 5,335,910 2,664,630 2,671,280
15 to 19 years 55 30 25 429,825 219,070 210,755
20 to 24 years 60 25 30 500,100 252,600 247,500
25 to 29 years 40 15 25 495,410 248,030 247,380
30 to 34 years 60 35 25 515,505 256,440 259,070
35 to 39 years 50 30 20 550,540 274,595 275,945
40 to 44 years 45 25 20 506,525 254,100 252,425
45 to 49 years 65 35 30 519,425 260,410 259,015
50 to 54 years 95 55 40 619,435 309,070 310,370
55 to 59 years 100 50 45 636,475 314,190 322,285
60 to 64 years 85 45 30 562,670 276,140 286,535
65 years and over 195 95 100 1,495,195 669,590 825,605
65 to 69 years 60 35 25 488,175 236,395 251,775
70 to 74 years 50 20 30 373,590 176,905 196,690
75 to 79 years 40 20 25 256,905 116,020 140,890
80 to 84 years 30 10 15 187,835 78,390 109,450
85 years and over 10 5 10 188,685 61,885 126,805
85 to 89 years 10 5 5 120,635 43,795 76,840
90 to 94 years 5 5 5 53,165 15,155 38,015
95 to 99 years 0 0 0 13,035 2,685 10,350
100 years and over 0 0 0 1,850 255 1,600
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
0 to 14 years 14.6 12.7 15.8 16.3 17.0 15.7
15 to 64 years 65.7 69.6 63.2 65.4 66.3 64.4
65 years and over 19.7 18.6 21.1 18.3 16.7 19.9
85 years and over 1.0 1.0 2.1 2.3 1.5 3.1
Average age of the population 43.9 44.2 43.7 41.9 40.9 42.9
Median age of the population 48.4 49.0 48.2 42.5 41.4 43.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5 445 ... ... 3,531,660 ... ...
Single-detached house 355 ... ... 1,602,680 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys 0 ... ... 187,800 ... ...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6 75 ... ... 1,717,680 ... ...
Semi-detached house 10 ... ... 188,245 ... ...
Row house 0 ... ... 93,350 ... ...
Apartment or flat in a duplex 30 ... ... 265,195 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys 35 ... ... 1,154,955 ... ...
Other single-attached house 0 ... ... 15,940 ... ...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7 10 ... ... 23,505 ... ...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8 440 ... ... 3,531,665 ... ...
1 person 150 ... ... 1,175,230 ... ...
2 persons 165 ... ... 1,227,765 ... ...
3 persons 60 ... ... 489,460 ... ...
4 persons 45 ... ... 426,250 ... ...
5 or more persons 25 ... ... 212,960 ... ...
Number of persons in private households 985 ... ... 7,965,455 ... ...
Average household size 2.2 ... ... 2.3 ... ...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9 845 445 400 6,831,105 3,334,220 3,496,885
Married or living common law 490 245 250 3,844,145 1,924,750 1,919,395
Married 270 130 135 2,342,980 1,172,720 1,170,260
Living common law 220 110 110 1,501,160 752,025 749,135
Not married and not living common law 355 200 150 2,986,960 1,409,475 1,577,490
Never married 245 150 90 2,010,580 1,084,300 926,280
Separated 15 5 5 103,625 46,390 57,240
Divorced 50 25 25 483,195 194,430 288,760
Widowed 50 15 30 389,555 84,345 305,210
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10 295 ... ... 2,257,560 ... ...
2 persons 165 ... ... 1,204,955 ... ...
3 persons 60 ... ... 466,310 ... ...
4 persons 45 ... ... 412,160 ... ...
5 or more persons 20 ... ... 174,140 ... ...
Average size of census families 2.8 ... ... 2.8 ... ...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11 290 ... ... 2,257,560 ... ...
Total couple families 240 ... ... 1,878,095 ... ...
Married couples 135 ... ... 1,128,355 ... ...
Common-law couples 110 ... ... 749,740 ... ...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent 50 ... ... 379,460 ... ...
Female parent 30 ... ... 284,900 ... ...
Male parent 20 ... ... 94,565 ... ...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data 240 ... ... 1,878,095 ... ...
Couples without children 135 ... ... 970,260 ... ...
Couples with children 110 ... ... 907,840 ... ...
1 child 55 ... ... 356,640 ... ...
2 children 35 ... ... 384,875 ... ...
3 or more children 25 ... ... 166,315 ... ...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data 45 ... ... 379,465 ... ...
1 child 30 ... ... 234,695 ... ...
2 children 10 ... ... 109,670 ... ...
3 or more children 5 ... ... 35,100 ... ...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data 185 115 65 1,579,070 775,765 803,305
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12 445 ... ... 3,531,660 ... ...
One-census-family households 285 ... ... 2,197,340 ... ...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13 130 ... ... 947,305 ... ...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14 155 ... ... 1,250,040 ... ...
Multiple-census-family households 0 ... ... 29,595 ... ...
Non-census-family households 155 ... ... 1,304,725 ... ...
One-person households 150 ... ... 1,175,230 ... ...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households 5 ... ... 129,500 ... ...
Knowledge of official languagesThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15 985 515 475 8,066,560 3,977,275 4,089,285
English only 0 0 0 372,445 187,595 184,860
French only 810 410 390 4,032,640 1,874,545 2,158,095
English and French 185 100 80 3,586,410 1,884,135 1,702,275
Neither English nor French 0 0 0 75,065 31,000 44,060
First official language spokenThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16 990 515 475 8,066,555 3,977,270 4,089,285
English 10 10 5 964,120 482,985 481,135
French 975 505 470 6,750,945 3,320,380 3,430,560
English and French 5 0 5 278,710 144,060 134,655
Neither English nor French 0 0 0 72,775 29,845 42,930
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17 10 10 5 1,103,480 555,015 548,465
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17 1.0 1.9 1.1 13.7 14.0 13.4
Mother tongueThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18 990 515 475 8,066,555 3,977,270 4,089,285
Single responses 985 515 470 7,881,650 3,884,675 3,996,975
Official languages 970 505 465 6,820,815 3,366,970 3,453,845
English 10 5 0 601,155 301,860 299,300
French 965 500 460 6,219,665 3,065,115 3,154,550
Non-official languages 15 5 5 1,060,830 517,700 543,125
Aboriginal languages 0 0 0 45,570 22,530 23,040
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 33,140 16,365 16,770
Blackfoot 0 0 0 5 0 0
Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 31,430 15,575 15,855
Atikamekw 0 0 0 6,150 3,135 3,015
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 8,715 4,155 4,555
Moose Cree 0 0 0 0 5 0
Naskapi 0 0 0 590 285 305
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 135 55 80
Plains Cree 0 0 0 5 0 5
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 35 15 15
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 5 5 0
Woods Cree 0 0 0 10 5 5
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 15,790 7,920 7,875
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 485 225 260
Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 485 220 260
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 1,215 565 645
Algonquin 0 0 0 1,185 555 630
Ojibway 0 0 0 20 10 15
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 5 0 5
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 0 5
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 15 10 5
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 15 10 5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chilcotin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dene 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 5 0 0
Sekani 0 0 0 0 5 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 10 5 0
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 10 10 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 0 0
Haida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuit languages 0 0 0 11,970 5,955 6,015
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 11,895 5,925 5,970
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 75 25 45
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 375 165 210
Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0 365 160 210
Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 5 5
Kutenai 0 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 0 0 0 5 5 0
Salish languages 0 0 0 5 0 0
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0 0 0
Okanagan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Squamish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 5 0
Siouan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 0
Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haisla 0 0 0 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 65 30 35
Non-Aboriginal languages 10 5 5 1,015,260 495,175 520,090
Afro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 197,535 104,185 93,355
Berber languages 0 0 0 20,845 11,125 9,720
Kabyle 0 0 0 12,470 6,625 5,840
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 8,375 4,500 3,875
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 1,125 545 580
Bilen 0 0 0 10 10 5
Oromo 0 0 0 15 10 5
Somali 0 0 0 1,075 515 560
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 30 20 10
Semitic languages 0 0 0 175,215 92,310 82,900
Amharic 0 0 0 745 340 405
Arabic 0 0 0 169,890 89,590 80,300
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 150 80 70
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 15 10 5
Harari 0 0 0 0 5 5
Hebrew 0 0 0 3,885 2,040 1,845
Maltese 0 0 0 25 10 15
Tigrigna 0 0 0 385 185 205
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 110 60 50
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 355 200 155
Austro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 36,305 17,030 19,275
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 8,855 4,105 4,750
Vietnamese 0 0 0 27,425 12,920 14,505
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 25 10 15
Austronesian languages 0 0 0 21,635 7,800 13,835
Bikol 0 0 0 115 35 80
Cebuano 0 0 0 885 270 610
Fijian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 410 125 275
Ilocano 0 0 0 2,060 745 1,315
Malagasy 0 0 0 1,250 590 660
Malay 0 0 0 705 265 440
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 205 90 110
Pangasinan 0 0 0 95 40 50
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 0 0 0 15,545 5,480 10,065
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 50 10 40
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 320 140 180
Creole languages 0 0 0 56,990 25,220 31,770
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 2,220 1,055 1,170
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 53,785 23,675 30,110
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 980 490 490
Dravidian languages 0 0 0 14,865 7,435 7,430
Kannada 0 0 0 240 130 110
Malayalam 0 0 0 440 235 205
Tamil 0 0 0 13,600 6,715 6,880
Telugu 0 0 0 570 345 230
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 15 10 5
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 25 10 15
Indo-European languages 10 5 5 553,045 269,625 283,420
Albanian 0 0 0 2,795 1,420 1,370
Armenian 0 0 0 16,430 7,970 8,460
Balto-Slavic languages 0 0 0 68,155 30,960 37,195
Baltic languages 0 0 0 850 335 515
Latvian 0 0 0 290 120 175
Lithuanian 0 0 0 555 215 340
Slavic languages 0 0 0 67,310 30,630 36,675
Belarusan 0 0 0 80 45 35
Bosnian 0 0 0 1,620 805 815
Bulgarian 0 0 0 6,985 3,385 3,600
Croatian 0 0 0 2,330 1,165 1,170
Czech 0 0 0 1,465 690 775
Macedonian 0 0 0 205 105 95
Polish 0 0 0 13,935 6,065 7,865
Russian 0 0 0 28,565 12,715 15,850
Serbian 0 0 0 3,140 1,590 1,545
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 1,805 865 940
Slovak 0 0 0 1,040 455 585
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 755 350 405
Ukrainian 0 0 0 5,210 2,285 2,920
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 175 90 85
Celtic languages 0 0 0 155 95 60
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 20 15 10
Welsh 0 0 0 40 20 20
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 90 55 30
Germanic languages 5 5 0 27,540 13,280 14,260
Afrikaans 0 0 0 125 60 65
Danish 0 0 0 395 190 200
Dutch 0 0 0 2,825 1,395 1,430
Frisian 0 0 0 10 10 0
German 5 0 5 13,670 6,340 7,330
Icelandic 0 0 0 65 30 35
Norwegian 0 0 0 200 100 100
Swedish 0 0 0 555 255 300
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 540 240 300
Yiddish 0 0 0 8,985 4,560 4,420
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 175 100 75
Greek 0 0 0 38,635 19,435 19,205
Indo-Iranian languages 0 0 0 76,040 39,205 36,835
Indo-Aryan languages 0 0 0 45,845 23,875 21,970
Bengali 0 0 0 10,995 5,620 5,380
Gujarati 0 0 0 6,070 2,980 3,090
Hindi 0 0 0 3,030 1,635 1,390
Kashmiri 0 0 0 20 15 5
Konkani 0 0 0 110 60 55
Marathi 0 0 0 255 145 110
Nepali 0 0 0 1,505 740 765
Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 35 20 15
Punjabi (Panjabi) 0 0 0 12,380 6,720 5,660
Sindhi 0 0 0 330 160 165
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 645 310 330
Urdu 0 0 0 10,470 5,460 5,010
Iranian languages 0 0 0 29,760 15,105 14,655
Kurdish 0 0 0 985 550 430
Pashto 0 0 0 1,285 680 610
Persian (Farsi) 0 0 0 27,490 13,875 13,615
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 440 225 210
Italic (Romance) languages 5 5 0 323,290 157,260 166,030
Catalan 0 0 0 320 170 150
Italian 0 0 5 104,600 51,705 52,895
Portuguese 0 0 0 36,770 17,735 19,035
Romanian 0 0 0 35,840 17,170 18,665
Spanish 0 0 0 145,635 70,405 75,235
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 125 75 50
Japanese 0 0 0 2,525 775 1,750
Kartvelian languages 0 0 0 170 80 85
Georgian 0 0 0 170 80 90
Korean 0 0 0 5,160 2,270 2,890
Mongolic languages 0 0 0 190 75 115
Mongolian 0 0 0 195 80 115
Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 28,355 14,360 13,995
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 1,050 520 525
Bamanankan 0 0 0 1,200 655 545
Edo 0 0 0 75 45 30
Ewe 0 0 0 730 400 325
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 2,055 1,080 970
Ga 0 0 0 80 40 40
Ganda 0 0 0 35 15 20
Igbo 0 0 0 120 70 50
Lingala 0 0 0 2,465 1,185 1,285
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 3,345 1,600 1,745
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 2,500 1,115 1,380
Shona 0 0 0 85 45 40
Swahili 0 0 0 3,010 1,460 1,545
Wolof 0 0 0 3,230 1,745 1,485
Yoruba 0 0 0 255 155 100
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 8,135 4,235 3,895
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 345 180 165
Dinka 0 0 0 5 5 0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 335 170 165
Sign languages 5 0 0 1,330 700 630
American Sign Language 0 0 0 65 35 30
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 670 330 340
Sign languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 595 340 255
Sino-Tibetan languages 0 0 0 76,840 35,775 41,065
Chinese languages 0 0 0 76,490 35,600 40,895
Cantonese 0 0 0 24,375 11,505 12,875
Hakka 0 0 0 470 215 260
Mandarin 0 0 0 43,700 20,175 23,525
Min Dong 0 0 0 20 10 15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 3,225 1,480 1,745
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 1,075 465 605
Chinese, n.o.s. 0 0 0 3,535 1,710 1,825
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 90 40 45
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 345 175 170
Burmese 0 0 0 80 30 50
Karenic languages 0 0 0 70 40 30
Tibetan 0 0 0 110 65 50
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 85 45 40
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 4,895 2,185 2,710
Lao 0 0 0 4,115 1,995 2,120
Thai 0 0 0 765 180 585
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 10 5 10
Turkic languages 0 0 0 7,980 4,095 3,880
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 290 160 130
Turkish 0 0 0 7,155 3,685 3,470
Uyghur 0 0 0 205 100 105
Uzbek 0 0 0 145 70 75
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 185 80 105
Uralic languages 0 0 0 6,400 2,985 3,410
Estonian 0 0 0 195 75 120
Finnish 0 0 0 360 125 240
Hungarian 0 0 0 5,835 2,790 3,045
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 5
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 685 385 300
Multiple responses 5 5 5 184,905 92,600 92,310
English and French 0 0 0 72,395 36,695 35,695
English and non-official language 0 0 0 27,485 13,545 13,945
French and non-official language 5 0 0 67,075 33,110 33,970
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 17,950 9,245 8,705
Language spoken most often at homeThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19 985 515 475 8,066,560 3,977,270 4,089,285
Single responses 985 510 470 7,743,740 3,819,315 3,924,425
Official languages 980 510 465 7,157,850 3,536,165 3,621,685
English 5 5 5 782,185 391,125 391,060
French 970 505 465 6,375,665 3,145,040 3,230,625
Non-official languages 5 0 5 585,890 283,150 302,735
Aboriginal languages 0 0 0 40,190 20,205 19,980
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 28,695 14,385 14,310
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 28,110 14,105 14,005
Atikamekw 0 0 0 5,465 2,825 2,640
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 7,375 3,590 3,790
Moose Cree 0 0 0 5 5 0
Naskapi 0 0 0 590 295 290
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 60 30 30
Plains Cree 0 0 0 5 0 0
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 15 5 10
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 5 5 5
Woods Cree 0 0 0 0 5 0
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 14,590 7,355 7,235
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 220 115 110
Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 220 110 105
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 370 170 200
Algonquin 0 0 0 360 165 195
Ojibway 0 0 0 5 5 0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0 0 5
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chilcotin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dene 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuit languages 0 0 0 11,375 5,770 5,615
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0 5 0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 11,350 5,750 5,600
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 20 15 10
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 70 35 35
Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0 70 35 30
Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 0 0
Kutenai 0 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages 0 0 0 5 5 5
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0 0 0
Okanagan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Squamish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 0 0
Siouan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 0
Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haisla 0 0 0 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 35 10 25
Non-Aboriginal languages 5 5 0 545,695 262,940 282,755
Afro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 91,660 46,550 45,110
Berber languages 0 0 0 7,495 3,895 3,605
Kabyle 0 0 0 5,105 2,660 2,450
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 2,390 1,235 1,150
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 535 240 295
Bilen 0 0 0 5 0 5
Oromo 0 0 0 5 0 0
Somali 0 0 0 520 230 290
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 5 5
Semitic languages 0 0 0 83,520 42,365 41,160
Amharic 0 0 0 340 150 185
Arabic 0 0 0 81,105 41,150 39,955
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 95 50 45
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 10 0 5
Harari 0 0 0 5 0 5
Hebrew 0 0 0 1,705 880 825
Maltese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tigrigna 0 0 0 205 95 105
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 60 25 35
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 105 50 55
Austro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 24,980 11,675 13,305
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 5,180 2,370 2,805
Vietnamese 0 0 0 19,790 9,295 10,495
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 15 5 10
Austronesian languages 0 0 0 9,715 3,960 5,750
Bikol 0 0 0 15 5 10
Cebuano 0 0 0 230 100 125
Fijian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 130 55 75
Ilocano 0 0 0 740 305 435
Malagasy 0 0 0 360 185 170
Malay 0 0 0 175 85 95
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 60 30 30
Pangasinan 0 0 0 10 5 10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 0 0 0 7,905 3,150 4,760
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 15 10 10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 75 35 35
Creole languages 0 0 0 20,705 8,780 11,925
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 855 380 475
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 19,405 8,200 11,210
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 440 200 240
Dravidian languages 0 0 0 11,400 5,595 5,805
Kannada 0 0 0 150 85 65
Malayalam 0 0 0 200 100 100
Tamil 0 0 0 10,720 5,215 5,500
Telugu 0 0 0 330 190 135
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 5 5
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 15 5 5
Indo-European languages 5 0 5 303,215 146,100 157,115
Albanian 0 0 0 1,615 795 820
Armenian 0 0 0 11,990 5,680 6,310
Balto-Slavic languages 0 0 0 40,405 19,085 21,325
Baltic languages 0 0 0 190 80 105
Latvian 0 0 0 75 40 40
Lithuanian 0 0 0 115 40 70
Slavic languages 0 0 0 40,220 19,000 21,220
Belarusan 0 0 0 25 15 15
Bosnian 0 0 0 965 475 495
Bulgarian 0 0 0 5,125 2,495 2,630
Croatian 0 0 0 1,015 475 545
Czech 0 0 0 460 220 240
Macedonian 0 0 0 130 65 65
Polish 0 0 0 5,970 2,695 3,270
Russian 0 0 0 20,680 9,775 10,900
Serbian 0 0 0 2,010 1,020 990
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 960 470 490
Slovak 0 0 0 245 120 130
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 225 95 135
Ukrainian 0 0 0 2,365 1,060 1,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 40 15 25
Celtic languages 0 0 0 30 20 10
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 5 5 0
Welsh 0 0 0 10 10 0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 15 15 5
Germanic languages 5 0 5 9,890 4,980 4,905
Afrikaans 0 0 0 15 10 10
Danish 0 0 0 50 25 25
Dutch 0 0 0 375 170 205
Frisian 0 0 0 0 0 0
German 5 5 5 2,550 1,190 1,365
Icelandic 0 0 0 30 15 20
Norwegian 0 0 0 20 5 10
Swedish 0 0 0 105 50 60
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 70 35 40
Yiddish 0 0 0 6,665 3,485 3,180
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 5 5
Greek 0 0 0 18,545 8,865 9,680
Indo-Iranian languages 0 0 0 53,555 26,845 26,710
Indo-Aryan languages 0 0 0 31,575 15,985 15,585
Bengali 0 0 0 8,180 4,055 4,125
Gujarati 0 0 0 3,840 1,860 1,985
Hindi 0 0 0 1,535 790 745
Kashmiri 0 0 0 5 0 0
Konkani 0 0 0 30 15 15
Marathi 0 0 0 80 40 40
Nepali 0 0 0 1,355 655 700
Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 15 10 5
Punjabi (Panjabi) 0 0 0 8,840 4,690 4,155
Sindhi 0 0 0 135 65 75
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 365 185 180
Urdu 0 0 0 7,180 3,620 3,565
Iranian languages 0 0 0 21,745 10,740 11,010
Kurdish 0 0 0 510 280 235
Pashto 0 0 0 925 460 465
Persian (Farsi) 0 0 0 20,310 10,005 10,305
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 235 120 120
Italic (Romance) languages 5 0 0 167,190 79,835 87,355
Catalan 0 0 0 110 50 60
Italian 0 0 0 32,935 14,595 18,340
Portuguese 0 0 0 17,260 8,250 9,005
Romanian 0 0 0 24,520 12,000 12,525
Spanish 0 0 0 92,330 44,920 47,415
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 35 20 15
Japanese 0 0 0 1,050 425 620
Kartvelian languages 0 0 0 70 35 35
Georgian 0 0 0 70 40 35
Korean 0 0 0 3,540 1,630 1,910
Mongolic languages 0 0 0 145 70 75
Mongolian 0 0 0 145 70 75
Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 7,250 3,450 3,800
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 445 215 235
Bamanankan 0 0 0 265 135 125
Edo 0 0 0 10 5 5
Ewe 0 0 0 140 60 80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 530 255 280
Ga 0 0 0 15 5 10
Ganda 0 0 0 5 5 5
Igbo 0 0 0 15 10 10
Lingala 0 0 0 625 270 355
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 1,110 510 600
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 530 225 305
Shona 0 0 0 20 10 10
Swahili 0 0 0 1,100 535 565
Wolof 0 0 0 1,035 555 480
Yoruba 0 0 0 55 25 25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 1,350 635 710
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 135 70 65
Dinka 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 130 65 65
Sign languages 0 0 0 1,770 1,000 775
American Sign Language 0 0 0 90 35 50
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 700 360 340
Sign languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 985 600 385
Sino-Tibetan languages 0 0 0 60,370 28,925 31,450
Chinese languages 0 0 0 60,155 28,805 31,345
Cantonese 0 0 0 17,845 8,470 9,375
Hakka 0 0 0 155 75 80
Mandarin 0 0 0 37,075 17,870 19,200
Min Dong 0 0 0 0 0 0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 1,830 830 1,000
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 780 355 420
Chinese, n.o.s. 0 0 0 2,435 1,190 1,240
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 40 20 20
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 215 115 100
Burmese 0 0 0 35 15 20
Karenic languages 0 0 0 65 40 30
Tibetan 0 0 0 70 45 30
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 40 20 20
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 2,375 1,145 1,230
Lao 0 0 0 2,150 1,055 1,100
Thai 0 0 0 225 90 135
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0 0 0
Turkic languages 0 0 0 5,120 2,540 2,575
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 100 50 55
Turkish 0 0 0 4,715 2,340 2,370
Uyghur 0 0 0 140 75 70
Uzbek 0 0 0 105 50 55
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 65 30 35
Uralic languages 0 0 0 2,025 895 1,130
Estonian 0 0 0 30 10 20
Finnish 0 0 0 50 20 30
Hungarian 0 0 0 1,945 860 1,085
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 150 90 60
Multiple responses 0 0 0 322,820 157,960 164,860
English and French 0 0 0 86,715 43,820 42,890
English and non-official language 0 0 0 54,400 26,255 28,140
French and non-official language 0 0 0 139,385 66,610 72,775
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 42,320 21,270 21,045
Other language spoken regularly at homeThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20 990 515 470 8,066,555 3,977,275 4,089,285
None 960 500 460 6,825,240 3,356,340 3,468,900
English 15 10 5 513,410 263,670 249,735
French 0 0 0 320,370 158,340 162,030
Non-official language 10 0 5 317,790 154,450 163,340
Aboriginal 0 0 0 5,700 2,645 3,060
Non-Aboriginal 10 5 5 312,085 151,810 160,280
English and French 0 0 0 36,235 18,285 17,955
English and non-official language 0 0 0 28,630 14,075 14,555
French and non-official language 0 0 0 23,470 11,365 12,095
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 1,420 740 680
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21 845 445 395 6,634,295 3,260,155 3,374,145
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 825 440 390 6,417,615 3,160,595 3,257,020
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 28,672 32,192 24,768 32,975 37,842 28,522
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 825 435 385 6,419,175 3,160,780 3,258,400
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 26,112 28,096 23,040 29,535 33,110 26,119
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 745 400 345 5,685,690 2,866,470 2,819,220
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 25,184 29,803 18,240 30,067 35,597 25,012
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 670 340 330 4,973,245 2,300,800 2,672,445
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 7,264 6,168 8,112 7,307 5,851 8,246
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 590 335 260 4,627,795 2,408,420 2,219,370
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 26,123 29,696 18,720 31,263 35,627 27,219
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22 850 460 390 6,634,280 3,260,040 3,374,245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 835 445 390 6,417,010 3,159,415 3,257,595
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 33,233 37,663 28,159 42,546 49,087 36,203
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 835 445 385 6,418,440 3,159,550 3,258,890
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 28,815 31,968 25,205 34,887 39,292 30,616
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 760 420 340 5,685,905 2,866,415 2,819,485
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 28,950 33,016 23,905 40,505 47,810 33,079
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 680 355 320 4,972,650 2,299,595 2,673,050
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 8,478 8,137 8,854 8,590 7,846 9,229
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 590 340 255 4,627,775 2,408,655 2,219,120
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 29,519 33,754 23,917 40,382 45,974 34,313
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23 855 460 395 6,634,280 3,260,040 3,374,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24 280 190 90 2,036,965 1,114,940 922,025
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25 33,639 33,725 33,177 47,111 51,622 42,433
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26 38,491 39,154 37,115 56,564 62,750 49,085
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28 78.6 82.7 72.4 84.4 88.3 79.1
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29 64.1 69.4 55.9 68.4 71.4 64.6
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30 21.0 16.8 27.4 15.6 11.7 20.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31 840 450 400 6,634,295 3,260,155 3,374,140
Without total income 20 10 10 216,685 99,555 117,125
With total income 820 435 390 6,417,615 3,160,595 3,257,020
Percentage with total income 97.6 96.7 97.5 96.7 96.9 96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss) 100 45 55 789,595 351,935 437,660
$10,000 to $19,999 195 90 105 1,188,135 476,630 711,500
$20,000 to $29,999 135 65 75 976,210 428,390 547,830
$30,000 to $39,999 145 75 70 852,735 414,105 438,625
$40,000 to $49,999 95 60 35 747,995 378,215 369,780
$50,000 to $59,999 60 35 25 540,265 292,110 248,150
$60,000 to $69,999 40 25 15 375,935 214,805 161,130
$70,000 to $79,999 25 15 10 286,025 164,240 121,790
$80,000 to $89,999 10 5 0 189,350 113,715 75,635
$90,000 to $99,999 0 5 0 122,750 80,090 42,660
$100,000 and over 20 15 5 348,620 246,360 102,255
$100,000 to $149,999 15 15 5 236,515 164,145 72,370
$150,000 and over 5 5 0 112,105 82,215 29,885
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32 840 445 400 6,634,295 3,260,150 3,374,140
Without after-tax income 20 10 10 215,120 99,375 115,750
With after-tax income 825 435 390 6,419,175 3,160,780 3,258,395
Percentage with after-tax income 98.2 97.8 97.5 96.8 97.0 96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss) 105 45 55 822,725 359,045 463,675
$10,000 to $19,999 205 95 110 1,246,480 505,165 741,315
$20,000 to $29,999 195 95 100 1,192,885 541,080 651,810
$30,000 to $39,999 145 85 60 1,096,510 553,200 543,315
$40,000 to $49,999 85 50 30 793,150 425,040 368,115
$50,000 to $59,999 55 35 20 498,475 283,130 215,345
$60,000 to $69,999 20 10 5 309,415 180,470 128,945
$70,000 to $79,999 5 5 0 167,895 108,500 59,395
$80,000 and over 15 10 5 291,635 205,155 86,485
$80,000 to $89,999 5 0 0 95,010 64,670 30,335
$90,000 to $99,999 5 5 0 55,980 39,080 16,905
$100,000 and over 5 0 5 140,645 101,405 39,240
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33 845 450 400 6,634,295 3,260,155 3,374,145
Without employment income 255 115 140 2,006,505 851,730 1,154,775
With employment income 590 330 255 4,627,790 2,408,420 2,219,375
Percentage with employment income 69.8 73.3 63.8 69.8 73.9 65.8
Under $5,000 (including loss) 85 40 40 606,300 311,780 294,520
$5,000 to $9,999 55 20 30 367,030 162,150 204,885
$10,000 to $19,999 110 45 60 681,920 305,995 375,920
$20,000 to $29,999 100 60 40 586,140 269,950 316,195
$30,000 to $39,999 90 60 30 565,425 277,135 288,285
$40,000 to $49,999 55 35 20 476,665 247,105 229,560
$50,000 to $59,999 30 20 15 359,180 203,580 155,600
$60,000 to $69,999 20 15 10 266,650 156,255 110,395
$70,000 to $79,999 20 15 10 224,040 129,890 94,150
$80,000 and over 20 20 0 494,440 344,585 149,855
$80,000 to $89,999 5 5 0 139,830 90,295 49,540
$90,000 to $99,999 5 5 0 93,860 64,160 29,700
$100,000 and over 15 10 5 260,745 190,125 70,620
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34 445 ... ... 3,531,665 ... ...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($) 52,576 ... ... 59,822 ... ...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($) 47,040 ... ... 52,207 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data 145 ... ... 1,175,230 ... ...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 27,072 ... ... 31,574 ... ...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 25,376 ... ... 28,469 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data 295 ... ... 2,356,430 ... ...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 68,096 ... ... 78,645 ... ...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 60,544 ... ... 67,665 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35 440 ... ... 3,531,665 ... ...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($) 62,628 ... ... 77,306 ... ...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($) 54,303 ... ... 63,404 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data 145 ... ... 1,174,695 ... ...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 30,294 ... ... 40,042 ... ...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 27,036 ... ... 33,262 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data 300 ... ... 2,356,970 ... ...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 78,199 ... ... 95,878 ... ...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 67,433 ... ... 78,426 ... ...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36 440 ... ... 3,531,665 ... ...
Under $5,000 5 ... ... 47,170 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 10 ... ... 56,315 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 20 ... ... 119,570 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 30 ... ... 180,865 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 20 ... ... 179,690 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 25 ... ... 154,150 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 30 ... ... 185,000 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 25 ... ... 184,435 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 25 ... ... 179,855 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 20 ... ... 170,445 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 45 ... ... 313,600 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 40 ... ... 273,620 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 40 ... ... 241,940 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 25 ... ... 208,620 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 15 ... ... 176,355 ... ...
$100,000 and over 75 ... ... 860,030 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 45 ... ... 327,435 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 15 ... ... 204,105 ... ...
$150,000 to $199,999 15 ... ... 192,155 ... ...
$200,000 and over 0 ... ... 136,335 ... ...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32 445 ... ... 3,531,660 ... ...
Under $5,000 5 ... ... 50,445 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 10 ... ... 57,335 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 20 ... ... 120,860 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 30 ... ... 190,300 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 30 ... ... 202,905 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 35 ... ... 187,365 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 35 ... ... 231,765 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 20 ... ... 225,695 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 40 ... ... 211,990 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 20 ... ... 202,760 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 50 ... ... 363,775 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 45 ... ... 309,825 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 25 ... ... 256,150 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 25 ... ... 208,765 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 20 ... ... 166,295 ... ...
$100,000 and over 35 ... ... 545,440 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 20 ... ... 269,170 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 10 ... ... 130,225 ... ...
$150,000 and over 5 ... ... 146,045 ... ...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37 290 ... ... 2,261,890 ... ...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($) 68,864 ... ... 79,378 ... ...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($) 60,800 ... ... 68,152 ... ...
Average family size of economic families 2.8 ... ... 2.9 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data 130 ... ... 930,195 ... ...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 59,136 ... ... 70,075 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 54,144 ... ... 60,224 ... ...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data 110 ... ... 911,980 ... ...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 87,808 ... ... 105,246 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 76,800 ... ... 88,844 ... ...
Average family size of couple economic families with children 4.0 ... ... 3.9 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data 45 ... ... 364,085 ... ...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 46,976 ... ... 52,708 ... ...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 40,320 ... ... 47,805 ... ...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families 2.6 ... ... 2.6 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38 300 ... ... 2,262,045 ... ...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($) 78,025 ... ... 96,863 ... ...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($) 67,259 ... ... 79,060 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data 155 ... ... 929,645 ... ...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 70,431 ... ... 86,304 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 60,830 ... ... 70,167 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data 105 ... ... 912,560 ... ...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 95,293 ... ... 122,835 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 81,255 ... ... 99,279 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data 35 ... ... 363,610 ... ...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 58,047 ... ... 61,753 ... ...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 52,314 ... ... 53,052 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21 165 110 60 1,433,210 711,180 722,030
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39 26,432 27,563 24,992 29,195 31,526 27,210
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39 24,512 25,344 23,104 26,706 28,214 25,434
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40 150 90 55 1,430,625 708,225 722,405
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41 29,475 30,789 27,200 37,684 39,840 35,571
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41 26,342 27,118 24,999 31,513 32,729 30,321
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42 990 515 475 7,965,455 3,941,475 4,023,970
In the bottom half of the distribution 670 345 320 4,577,885 2,216,770 2,361,115
In the bottom decile 90 50 35 747,785 368,385 379,395
In the second decile 145 80 65 898,605 408,705 489,900
In the third decile 165 85 80 997,185 481,975 515,210
In the fourth decile 130 70 60 996,230 490,275 505,960
In the fifth decile 145 65 75 938,080 467,425 470,655
In the top half of the distribution 320 170 150 3,387,565 1,724,710 1,662,855
In the sixth decile 120 60 60 881,640 444,865 436,775
In the seventh decile 95 50 45 806,685 409,470 397,220
In the eighth decile 50 25 20 700,450 357,000 343,455
In the ninth decile 50 25 20 557,160 286,195 270,960
In the top decile 15 10 5 441,630 227,185 214,445
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43 985 515 475 7,921,505 3,919,560 4,001,945
0 to 17 years 175 85 85 1,564,410 800,455 763,960
0 to 5 years 60 30 35 532,410 272,790 259,625
18 to 64 years 620 335 285 5,021,875 2,498,900 2,522,980
65 years and over 195 90 105 1,335,220 620,210 715,010
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) 180 95 85 1,160,190 542,405 617,785
0 to 17 years 35 25 15 222,955 114,410 108,540
0 to 5 years 10 5 5 75,270 38,595 36,670
18 to 64 years 95 55 35 688,130 334,825 353,305
65 years and over 45 20 25 249,110 93,170 155,930
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%) 18.3 18.4 17.9 14.6 13.8 15.4
0 to 17 years (%) 20.0 29.4 17.6 14.3 14.3 14.2
0 to 5 years (%) 16.7 16.7 14.3 14.1 14.1 14.1
18 to 64 years (%) 15.3 16.4 12.3 13.7 13.4 14.0
65 years and over (%) 23.1 22.2 23.8 18.7 15.0 21.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) 55 40 20 731,340 358,085 373,260
0 to 17 years 10 10 0 129,325 66,400 62,925
0 to 5 years 0 5 0 44,375 22,705 21,675
18 to 64 years 45 30 15 514,540 261,485 253,060
65 years and over 0 0 0 87,475 30,205 57,270
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%) 5.6 7.8 4.2 9.2 9.1 9.3
0 to 17 years (%) 5.7 11.8 0.0 8.3 8.3 8.2
0 to 5 years (%) 0.0 16.7 0.0 8.3 8.3 8.3
18 to 64 years (%) 7.3 9.0 5.3 10.2 10.5 10.0
65 years and over (%) 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.6 4.9 8.0
Knowledge of languagesThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44 990 515 475 7,965,450 3,941,440 4,024,015
Official languages 990 515 475 7,891,110 3,911,220 3,979,890
English 165 90 75 3,930,690 2,058,470 1,872,225
French 990 515 470 7,522,350 3,725,145 3,797,200
Non-official languages 50 25 25 1,610,980 776,265 834,720
Aboriginal languages 0 0 0 50,890 25,190 25,700
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 37,515 18,545 18,965
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 34,415 17,050 17,370
Atikamekw 0 0 0 6,640 3,335 3,305
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 9,850 4,735 5,115
Moose Cree 0 0 0 0 10 0
Naskapi 0 0 0 775 385 385
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 260 130 130
Plains Cree 0 0 0 10 0 0
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 35 25 10
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 15 0 10
Woods Cree 0 0 0 10 10 0
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 17,175 8,600 8,575
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 885 460 420
Malecite 0 0 0 10 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 880 460 425
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 2,340 1,105 1,235
Algonquin 0 0 0 2,240 1,055 1,185
Ojibway 0 0 0 105 50 50
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 10 0 0
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 35 20 10
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 20 10 10
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 20 15 10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chilcotin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dene 0 0 0 10 0 10
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 0 0 10
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 10 0 0
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 0 10 10 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 10 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuit languages 0 0 0 12,595 6,270 6,330
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 12,485 6,210 6,270
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 115 60 60
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 740 360 375
Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0 690 350 335
Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 50 15 35
Kutenai 0 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 0 0 0 30 15 10
Salish languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0 0 0
Okanagan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Squamish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dakota 0 0 0 10 0 0
Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 0 0 10
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haisla 0 0 0 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 90 40 55
Non-Aboriginal languages 50 25 25 1,560,375 751,215 809,160
Afro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 301,035 157,545 143,490
Berber languages 0 0 0 27,595 14,650 12,945
Kabyle 0 0 0 16,170 8,580 7,590
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 11,580 6,150 5,425
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 1,550 745 805
Bilen 0 0 0 35 20 10
Oromo 0 0 0 45 30 10
Somali 0 0 0 1,460 680 780
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 10 0
Semitic languages 0 0 0 286,625 149,970 136,660
Amharic 0 0 0 1,145 540 600
Arabic 0 0 0 267,965 140,280 127,685
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 195 95 95
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 10 0 0
Harari 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hebrew 0 0 0 18,035 9,490 8,540
Maltese 0 0 0 40 10 25
Tigrigna 0 0 0 420 195 225
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 180 85 95
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 810 430 380
Austro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 46,050 21,955 24,095
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 11,840 5,620 6,220
Vietnamese 0 0 0 34,580 16,520 18,060
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 40 25 15
Austronesian languages 0 0 0 31,230 11,820 19,410
Bikol 0 0 0 105 45 60
Cebuano 0 0 0 1,105 360 750
Fijian 0 0 0 15 0 10
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 540 195 350
Ilocano 0 0 0 2,500 890 1,610
Malagasy 0 0 0 1,980 940 1,040
Malay 0 0 0 1,210 525 690
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 195 95 100
Pangasinan 0 0 0 60 20 40
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 0 0 0 26,705 9,785 16,915
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 55 10 45
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 540 270 275
Creole languages 0 0 0 115,445 51,970 63,475
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 4,910 2,285 2,620
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 108,315 48,615 59,705
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 2,835 1,390 1,445
Dravidian languages 0 0 0 18,710 9,495 9,210
Kannada 0 0 0 415 210 205
Malayalam 0 0 0 510 285 220
Tamil 0 0 0 17,245 8,680 8,565
Telugu 0 0 0 930 540 390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 15 10 0
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 35 15 25
Indo-European languages 50 25 25 912,945 435,785 477,155
Albanian 0 0 0 3,375 1,730 1,645
Armenian 0 0 0 20,290 9,790 10,500
Balto-Slavic languages 0 0 0 88,425 41,725 46,700
Baltic languages 0 0 0 1,080 500 585
Latvian 0 0 0 335 150 185
Lithuanian 0 0 0 755 350 410
Slavic languages 0 0 0 87,520 41,315 46,205
Belarusan 0 0 0 365 150 215
Bosnian 0 0 0 1,975 990 985
Bulgarian 0 0 0 7,345 3,595 3,750
Croatian 0 0 0 3,580 1,760 1,820
Czech 0 0 0 2,070 975 1,095
Macedonian 0 0 0 285 140 145
Polish 0 0 0 17,760 8,090 9,665
Russian 0 0 0 46,665 22,265 24,400
Serbian 0 0 0 4,050 1,980 2,070
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 2,385 1,140 1,245
Slovak 0 0 0 1,520 705 820
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 970 490 480
Ukrainian 0 0 0 9,015 3,885 5,135
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 150 75 75
Celtic languages 0 0 0 495 305 195
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 155 95 65
Welsh 0 0 0 85 45 40
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 265 175 95
Germanic languages 20 0 15 63,370 31,835 31,530
Afrikaans 0 0 0 415 260 150
Danish 0 0 0 835 410 420
Dutch 0 0 0 5,060 2,665 2,395
Frisian 0 0 0 15 10 0
German 15 0 15 43,475 21,950 21,530
Icelandic 0 0 0 140 80 60
Norwegian 0 0 0 510 255 255
Swedish 0 0 0 1,580 785 795
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 760 265 495
Yiddish 0 0 0 12,375 6,225 6,155
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 270 125 140
Greek 0 0 0 51,060 25,520 25,540
Indo-Iranian languages 0 0 0 93,655 48,040 45,615
Indo-Aryan languages 0 0 0 59,570 30,870 28,700
Bengali 0 0 0 12,870 6,610 6,260
Gujarati 0 0 0 7,950 3,860 4,090
Hindi 0 0 0 15,570 8,285 7,280
Kashmiri 0 0 0 45 35 15
Konkani 0 0 0 150 70 75
Marathi 0 0 0 475 240 230
Nepali 0 0 0 1,445 725 720
Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 55 35 20
Punjabi (Panjabi) 0 0 0 17,860 9,690 8,165
Sindhi 0 0 0 500 240 255
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 1,335 625 710
Urdu 0 0 0 16,545 8,655 7,890
Iranian languages 0 0 0 35,420 17,830 17,585
Kurdish 0 0 0 1,255 665 590
Pashto 0 0 0 1,825 1,005 825
Persian (Farsi) 0 0 0 32,965 16,560 16,405
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 845 425 420
Italic (Romance) languages 30 20 0 627,545 293,620 333,920
Catalan 0 0 0 890 525 365
Italian 0 0 0 173,710 84,430 89,275
Portuguese 10 0 10 55,100 27,620 27,475
Romanian 0 0 0 42,655 20,550 22,110
Spanish 30 20 10 390,355 177,610 212,745
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 490 345 145
Japanese 0 0 0 7,040 3,340 3,695
Kartvelian languages 0 0 0 220 110 110
Georgian 0 0 0 215 105 110
Korean 0 0 0 6,260 2,825 3,430
Mongolic languages 0 0 0 270 135 130
Mongolian 0 0 0 265 135 130
Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 52,840 26,665 26,175
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 1,800 945 855
Bamanankan 0 0 0 2,385 1,240 1,145
Edo 0 0 0 190 95 95
Ewe 0 0 0 1,410 865 545
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 3,400 1,785 1,620
Ga 0 0 0 315 155 160
Ganda 0 0 0 90 40 55
Igbo 0 0 0 275 190 90
Lingala 0 0 0 9,630 4,430 5,200
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 4,490 2,210 2,285
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 3,535 1,640 1,895
Shona 0 0 0 150 75 80
Swahili 0 0 0 8,015 4,080 3,935
Wolof 0 0 0 6,555 3,545 3,015
Yoruba 0 0 0 885 485 395
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 17,720 9,125 8,595
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 695 345 350
Dinka 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 695 345 350
Sign languages 0 0 0 7,775 3,095 4,675
American Sign Language 0 0 0 675 245 435
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 4,405 1,590 2,815
Sign languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 2,960 1,350 1,605
Sino-Tibetan languages 0 0 0 90,460 42,695 47,770
Chinese languages 0 0 0 90,060 42,480 47,580
Cantonese 0 0 0 31,885 14,900 16,980
Hakka 0 0 0 545 240 310
Mandarin 0 0 0 59,240 27,560 31,685
Min Dong 0 0 0 15 10 10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 4,215 1,860 2,350
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 1,230 535 690
Chinese, n.o.s. 0 0 0 4,800 2,380 2,425
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 90 40 55
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 430 235 195
Burmese 0 0 0 140 75 60
Karenic languages 0 0 0 105 55 45
Tibetan 0 0 0 65 50 10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 140 65 80
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 7,280 3,400 3,880
Lao 0 0 0 5,785 2,850 2,935
Thai 0 0 0 2,255 875 1,375
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 15 10 10
Turkic languages 0 0 0 12,475 6,265 6,210
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 510 275 235
Turkish 0 0 0 11,415 5,755 5,665
Uyghur 0 0 0 230 110 120
Uzbek 0 0 0 230 105 125
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 235 115 120
Uralic languages 0 0 0 7,870 3,710 4,160
Estonian 0 0 0 150 55 95
Finnish 0 0 0 500 195 305
Hungarian 0 0 0 7,215 3,450 3,765
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 2,140 1,170 970
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45 985 515 475 7,965,450 3,941,440 4,024,015
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46 990 515 475 7,585,545 3,753,190 3,832,350
Canadian citizens aged under 18 160 65 90 1,521,230 779,620 741,610
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 825 445 380 6,064,310 2,973,575 3,090,740
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47 0 0 0 379,910 188,245 191,665
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48 985 515 475 7,965,450 3,941,440 4,024,015
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49 950 495 455 6,788,085 3,365,345 3,422,735
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50 45 20 20 1,091,310 530,325 560,980
Before 1981 10 0 0 238,655 117,080 121,575
1981 to 1990 20 10 10 127,340 63,150 64,190
1991 to 2000 0 0 10 187,860 89,210 98,650
2001 to 2010 10 10 0 322,280 155,785 166,495
2001 to 2005 0 0 0 140,170 67,835 72,335
2006 to 2010 10 0 10 182,115 87,945 94,165
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51 0 0 0 215,170 105,105 110,065
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52 0 0 0 86,065 45,765 40,295
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53 40 20 20 1,091,305 530,325 560,980
Under 5 years 0 0 0 112,930 54,600 58,330
5 to 14 years 0 10 0 174,020 87,165 86,855
15 to 24 years 0 0 0 215,350 98,880 116,475
25 to 44 years 25 10 15 515,770 256,095 259,675
45 years and over 10 0 0 73,230 33,590 39,640
Immigrants by selected place of birthThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54 40 20 20 1,091,305 530,330 560,980
Americas 0 0 0 247,505 113,190 134,315
Brazil 0 0 0 7,345 3,515 3,830
Colombia 0 0 0 25,580 11,645 13,935
El Salvador 0 0 0 11,120 5,500 5,615
Guyana 0 0 0 2,490 1,085 1,410
Haiti 0 0 0 80,965 35,375 45,585
Jamaica 0 0 0 4,665 2,040 2,625
Mexico 0 0 0 15,820 7,090 8,730
Peru 0 0 0 13,265 5,945 7,325
Trinidad and Tobago 0 0 0 4,075 1,840 2,240
United StatesCensus data footnote 55 10 0 0 25,955 12,800 13,155
Other places of birth in Americas 0 0 0 56,235 26,370 29,870
Europe 40 20 20 311,090 154,910 156,185
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0 0 0 3,785 1,890 1,895
Croatia 0 0 0 2,140 1,085 1,050
France 10 10 0 81,225 43,490 37,735
Germany 0 0 0 9,750 4,365 5,390
Greece 0 0 0 18,420 9,135 9,285
Hungary 0 0 0 3,325 1,620 1,700
IrelandCensus data footnote 56 0 0 0 820 485 330
Italy 0 0 0 51,025 25,370 25,655
Netherlands 0 0 0 1,990 1,035 955
Poland 0 0 0 10,735 4,675 6,060
Portugal 10 10 0 18,985 9,185 9,800
Romania 0 0 0 28,695 13,695 15,005
Russian Federation 0 0 0 11,355 4,975 6,375
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57 0 0 0 1,790 830 960
Ukraine 0 0 0 8,670 3,800 4,870
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58 0 0 0 12,905 6,645 6,260
Other places of birth in Europe 20 10 15 45,500 22,630 22,870
Africa 0 0 0 241,410 125,250 116,165
Algeria 0 0 0 59,465 31,180 28,280
Egypt 0 0 0 19,490 10,290 9,200
Ethiopia 0 0 0 995 495 495
Kenya 0 0 0 785 355 430
Morocco 0 0 0 60,700 31,435 29,270
Nigeria 0 0 0 1,340 740 600
Somalia 0 0 0 580 270 310
South Africa, Republic of 0 0 0 865 475 385
Other places of birth in Africa 0 0 0 97,200 50,005 47,190
Asia 0 0 0 289,825 136,175 153,655
Afghanistan 0 0 0 7,280 3,640 3,640
Bangladesh 0 0 0 7,940 3,990 3,950
ChinaCensus data footnote 59 0 0 0 49,555 19,905 29,655
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60 0 0 0 4,730 2,290 2,435
India 0 0 0 17,865 9,195 8,670
IranCensus data footnote 61 0 0 0 17,760 8,880 8,885
Iraq 0 0 0 3,735 1,960 1,775
Japan 0 0 0 1,725 395 1,330
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62 0 0 0 4,230 1,995 2,230
Lebanon 0 0 0 39,135 20,800 18,340
Pakistan 0 0 0 10,010 5,260 4,750
Philippines 0 0 0 24,410 9,040 15,370
Sri Lanka 0 0 0 10,715 5,335 5,380
SyriaCensus data footnote 63 0 0 0 17,775 8,800 8,980
Taiwan 0 0 0 2,735 1,100 1,635
Viet Nam 0 0 0 25,440 11,765 13,675
Other places of birth in Asia 0 0 0 44,795 21,840 22,950
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64 0 0 0 1,480 805 670
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54 0 0 0 215,170 105,105 110,065
Americas 0 0 0 47,710 22,625 25,085
Brazil 0 0 0 3,010 1,495 1,520
Colombia 0 0 0 7,540 3,465 4,075
Cuba 0 0 0 2,565 1,260 1,315
Haiti 0 0 0 16,880 7,690 9,190
Jamaica 0 0 0 190 140 55
Mexico 0 0 0 4,210 1,955 2,255
United StatesCensus data footnote 55 0 0 0 3,990 2,265 1,720
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65 0 0 0 1,955 935 1,020
Other places of birth in Americas 0 0 0 7,365 3,425 3,935
Europe 0 0 0 39,320 20,085 19,235
France 0 0 0 20,030 10,855 9,175
Germany 0 0 0 580 250 330
IrelandCensus data footnote 56 0 0 0 135 105 35
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66 0 0 0 3,750 1,695 2,055
Romania 0 0 0 2,945 1,260 1,685
Russian Federation 0 0 0 1,970 865 1,105
Ukraine 0 0 0 2,460 1,110 1,350
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58 0 0 0 860 565 290
Other places of birth in Europe 0 0 0 6,590 3,385 3,205
Africa 0 0 0 74,200 37,110 37,090
Algeria 0 0 0 16,380 8,060 8,320
Cameroon 0 0 0 7,550 3,705 3,845
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 0 0 0 3,370 1,655 1,715
Côte d'Ivoire 0 0 0 5,070 2,505 2,565
Egypt 0 0 0 4,360 2,260 2,095
Eritrea 0 0 0 50 30 20
Ethiopia 0 0 0 125 65 60
Morocco 0 0 0 13,475 6,675 6,805
Nigeria 0 0 0 540 280 260
Somalia 0 0 0 95 40 50
South Africa, Republic of 0 0 0 175 115 60
Tunisia 0 0 0 5,855 3,025 2,825
Other places of birth in Africa 0 0 0 17,155 8,690 8,470
Asia 0 0 0 53,595 25,070 28,525
Afghanistan 0 0 0 1,555 715 840
Bangladesh 0 0 0 860 455 405
ChinaCensus data footnote 59 0 0 0 10,705 4,805 5,895
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60 0 0 0 120 35 80
India 0 0 0 2,960 1,555 1,405
IranCensus data footnote 61 0 0 0 7,505 3,545 3,960
Iraq 0 0 0 985 465 515
Israel 0 0 0 645 390 255
Japan 0 0 0 330 30 295
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62 0 0 0 825 370 455
Lebanon 0 0 0 3,955 2,100 1,860
Nepal 0 0 0 360 165 195
Pakistan 0 0 0 1,815 920 895
Philippines 0 0 0 5,635 2,345 3,290
Saudi Arabia 0 0 0 435 210 225
Sri Lanka 0 0 0 860 380 480
SyriaCensus data footnote 63 0 0 0 7,455 3,740 3,715
Taiwan 0 0 0 170 60 105
Turkey 0 0 0 585 300 285
United Arab Emirates 0 0 0 300 160 145
Viet Nam 0 0 0 1,505 560 945
Other places of birth in Asia 0 0 0 4,025 1,765 2,265
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64 0 0 0 345 215 135
Australia 0 0 0 190 120 70
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67 0 0 0 155 95 65
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68 985 515 470 7,965,450 3,941,440 4,024,015
First generationCensus data footnote 69 40 20 20 1,204,895 590,175 614,720
Second generationCensus data footnote 70 20 0 10 792,085 399,535 392,550
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71 930 485 445 5,968,475 2,951,730 3,016,745
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72 35 15 15 867,685 420,465 447,220
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73 30 10 15 469,015 243,915 225,100
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74 15 10 10 224,720 137,975 86,745
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75 10 10 10 244,300 105,945 138,360
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76 0 10 0 241,225 96,130 145,095
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77 0 0 0 146,295 75,100 71,195
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78 0 0 0 11,150 5,320 5,825
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79 990 515 475 7,965,450 3,941,440 4,024,010
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80 15 0 15 182,885 91,890 90,995
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81 15 0 15 175,960 88,635 87,325
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82 10 0 15 92,655 45,510 47,145
Métis 0 0 0 69,365 36,260 33,100
Inuk (Inuit) 0 0 0 13,940 6,865 7,075
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83 0 0 0 2,760 1,330 1,430
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84 0 0 0 4,170 1,930 2,245
Non-Aboriginal identity 975 515 460 7,782,560 3,849,550 3,933,015
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85 990 515 475 7,965,455 3,941,440 4,024,015
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86 0 0 0 77,490 38,580 38,915
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 985 515 475 7,887,960 3,902,860 3,985,100
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87 985 515 470 7,965,455 3,941,440 4,024,015
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88 0 0 0 118,780 58,535 60,245
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89 0 0 0 115,480 56,930 58,550
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82 0 0 0 87,700 42,730 44,965
Métis single ancestry 0 0 0 17,585 9,225 8,360
Inuit single ancestry 0 0 0 10,200 4,980 5,220
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90 0 0 0 3,300 1,605 1,700
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries 0 0 0 2,220 1,115 1,105
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 995 455 540
Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 65 25 40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 20 10 15
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91 20 0 10 240,650 113,905 126,740
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92 20 10 10 235,365 111,205 124,165
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries 20 10 15 193,625 90,650 102,975
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 37,080 18,320 18,760
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 4,660 2,230 2,425
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93 0 0 0 5,280 2,700 2,575
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 4,040 2,105 1,940
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 990 475 515
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 225 110 115
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 25 15 10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94 970 510 460 7,606,025 3,769,000 3,837,030
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95 985 515 475 7,965,450 3,941,440 4,024,015
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96 0 0 0 1,032,365 505,180 527,185
South AsianCensus data footnote 97 0 0 0 90,335 46,750 43,585
Chinese 0 0 0 99,505 44,370 55,135
Black 0 0 0 319,230 154,110 165,120
Filipino 0 0 0 34,910 14,275 20,635
Latin American 0 0 0 133,920 64,655 69,260
Arab 0 0 0 213,740 113,420 100,320
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98 0 0 0 62,820 29,960 32,865
West AsianCensus data footnote 99 0 0 0 32,405 16,200 16,210
Korean 0 0 0 8,055 3,865 4,190
Japanese 0 0 0 4,570 1,755 2,820
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100 0 0 0 9,840 4,670 5,175
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101 0 0 0 23,045 11,160 11,885
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102 990 515 470 6,933,085 3,436,260 3,496,830
Ethnic origin populationThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103 985 515 470 7,965,455 3,941,435 4,024,010
North American Aboriginal origins 15 10 10 359,430 172,440 186,985
First Nations (North American Indian) 20 10 10 289,610 137,550 152,065
Inuit 0 0 0 17,175 8,300 8,880
Métis 0 0 0 61,260 30,915 30,345
Other North American origins 840 435 405 4,850,145 2,390,545 2,459,605
Acadian 0 0 0 34,785 16,440 18,345
American 0 0 0 45,050 21,470 23,580
Canadian 790 395 395 4,647,840 2,288,280 2,359,555
New Brunswicker 0 0 0 750 370 380
Newfoundlander 0 0 0 570 280 295
Nova Scotian 0 0 0 365 155 215
Ontarian 0 0 0 1,345 660 685
Québécois 50 40 10 184,005 93,895 90,110
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104 0 0 0 205 110 100
European origins 275 145 130 3,037,890 1,511,060 1,526,825
British Isles origins 30 20 15 745,715 360,135 385,575
Channel Islander 0 0 0 1,440 725 720
Cornish 0 0 0 70 35 40
English 20 10 15 228,520 111,855 116,670
Irish 30 15 10 446,215 211,545 234,665
Manx 0 0 0 200 105 95
Scottish 0 0 0 215,030 103,395 111,635
Welsh 0 0 0 10,765 5,075 5,690
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105 0 0 0 32,525 15,440 17,080
French origins 210 110 95 1,878,795 941,770 937,025
Alsatian 0 0 0 1,050 520 525
Breton 0 0 0 11,140 5,410 5,725
Corsican 0 0 0 1,270 690 580
French 200 105 95 1,870,545 937,665 932,875
Western European origins (except French origins) 10 0 10 244,380 119,115 125,260
Austrian 0 0 0 12,710 6,285 6,430
Bavarian 0 0 0 40 30 20
Belgian 0 0 0 51,340 25,295 26,050
Dutch 0 0 0 26,000 12,805 13,190
Flemish 0 0 0 1,345 660 685
Frisian 0 0 0 15 20 0
German 10 0 10 142,225 68,250 73,975
Luxembourger 0 0 0 910 445 460
Swiss 10 0 10 24,500 12,615 11,885
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106 0 0 0 125 80 50
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 0 0 0 25,460 12,490 12,975
Danish 0 0 0 5,700 2,815 2,885
Finnish 0 0 0 3,130 1,430 1,700
Icelandic 0 0 0 955 480 470
Norwegian 0 0 0 7,820 3,835 3,985
Swedish 0 0 0 6,840 3,275 3,565
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107 0 0 0 2,500 1,265 1,230
Eastern European origins 0 0 0 249,940 121,660 128,285
Bulgarian 0 0 0 9,570 4,675 4,895
Byelorussian 0 0 0 2,530 1,235 1,295
Czech 0 0 0 6,295 2,965 3,330
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108 0 0 0 2,150 1,100 1,050
Estonian 0 0 0 890 460 435
Hungarian 0 0 0 28,280 13,970 14,310
Latvian 0 0 0 1,740 835 905
Lithuanian 0 0 0 6,630 3,320 3,305
Moldovan 0 0 0 7,620 3,710 3,900
Polish 0 0 0 79,040 38,705 40,335
Romanian 0 0 0 53,060 25,935 27,125
Russian 0 0 0 55,230 26,405 28,830
Slovak 0 0 0 4,770 2,375 2,395
Ukrainian 0 0 0 42,550 20,575 21,975
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109 0 0 0 2,900 1,505 1,400
Southern European origins 40 25 20 549,750 273,670 276,080
Albanian 0 0 0 3,760 1,950 1,805
Bosnian 0 0 0 2,970 1,485 1,490
Catalan 0 0 0 735 395 340
Croatian 0 0 0 6,745 3,375 3,370
Cypriot 0 0 0 480 240 245
Greek 0 0 0 71,330 36,235 35,090
Italian 10 0 0 326,700 162,650 164,045
Kosovar 0 0 0 505 295 210
Macedonian 0 0 0 775 400 370
Maltese 0 0 0 1,220 615 610
Montenegrin 0 0 0 450 250 200
Portuguese 30 15 10 69,805 34,825 34,980
Serbian 0 0 0 5,950 2,915 3,040
Sicilian 0 0 0 1,435 710 725
Slovenian 0 0 0 2,510 1,225 1,280
Spanish 30 10 20 85,360 41,745 43,615
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110 0 0 0 3,270 1,595 1,670
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111 0 0 0 300 155 145
Other European origins 0 0 0 38,670 19,875 18,800
Basque 0 0 0 3,620 1,930 1,690
Jewish 0 0 0 25,235 12,955 12,280
Roma (Gypsy) 0 0 0 475 270 205
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112 0 0 0 360 180 185
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113 0 0 0 9,215 4,690 4,530
Caribbean origins 0 0 0 201,625 93,935 107,690
Antiguan 0 0 0 380 170 205
Bahamian 0 0 0 430 205 225
Barbadian 0 0 0 5,570 2,585 2,985
Bermudan 0 0 0 115 50 65
Carib 0 0 0 405 150 255
Cuban 0 0 0 9,830 4,800 5,035
Dominican 0 0 0 11,560 5,320 6,235
Grenadian 0 0 0 1,965 790 1,175
Guadeloupean 0 0 0 1,010 475 535
Haitian 0 0 0 143,165 66,245 76,925
Jamaican 0 0 0 14,100 6,785 7,315
Kittitian/Nevisian 0 0 0 360 200 160
Martinican 0 0 0 1,775 820 950
Montserratan 0 0 0 240 140 105
Puerto Rican 0 0 0 530 270 255
St. Lucian 0 0 0 860 450 405
Trinidadian/Tobagonian 0 0 0 6,585 2,925 3,660
Vincentian/Grenadinian 0 0 0 4,020 1,695 2,325
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114 0 0 0 5,635 2,610 3,025
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115 0 0 0 4,195 1,995 2,205
Latin, Central and South American origins 0 0 0 167,275 81,215 86,065
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya) 0 0 0 6,100 2,885 3,210
Arawak 0 0 0 180 60 120
Argentinian 0 0 0 4,950 2,490 2,460
Belizean 0 0 0 80 40 40
Bolivian 0 0 0 1,730 815 915
Brazilian 0 0 0 8,345 4,075 4,275
Chilean 0 0 0 14,060 7,055 7,005
Colombian 0 0 0 33,965 15,915 18,050
Costa Rican 0 0 0 1,180 570 610
Ecuadorian 0 0 0 2,720 1,255 1,470
Guatemalan 0 0 0 10,175 5,380 4,795
Guyanese 0 0 0 3,670 1,810 1,860
Hispanic 0 0 0 1,155 570 585
Honduran 0 0 0 4,335 2,135 2,200
Maya 0 0 0 1,670 935 735
Mexican 0 0 0 26,930 13,185 13,745
Nicaraguan 0 0 0 2,805 1,360 1,445
Panamanian 0 0 0 1,460 755 710
Paraguayan 0 0 0 365 155 205
Peruvian 0 0 0 19,735 9,240 10,495
Salvadorean 0 0 0 19,200 9,535 9,665
Uruguayan 0 0 0 1,755 815 940
Venezuelan 0 0 0 7,475 3,430 4,045
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116 0 0 0 5,845 2,965 2,880
African origins 0 0 0 382,665 196,910 185,755
Central and West African origins 0 0 0 86,695 44,720 41,975
Akan 0 0 0 630 325 310
Angolan 0 0 0 875 425 450
Ashanti 0 0 0 120 90 35
Beninese 0 0 0 4,125 2,220 1,915
Burkinabe 0 0 0 2,465 1,325 1,145
Cameroonian 0 0 0 17,095 8,635 8,465
Chadian 0 0 0 1,045 525 520
Congolese 0 0 0 20,210 9,960 10,250
Edo 0 0 0 110 60 45
Ewe 0 0 0 460 265 200
Gabonese 0 0 0 1,165 545 620
Gambian 0 0 0 150 95 55
Ghanaian 0 0 0 3,235 1,660 1,575
Guinean 0 0 0 5,255 2,765 2,485
Ibo 0 0 0 185 95 95
Ivorian 0 0 0 8,545 4,350 4,200
Liberian 0 0 0 150 60 90
Malian 0 0 0 3,535 1,755 1,775
Malinké 0 0 0 635 340 295
Nigerian 0 0 0 2,820 1,510 1,310
Peulh 0 0 0 2,110 1,080 1,030
Senegalese 0 0 0 8,250 4,420 3,835
Sierra Leonean 0 0 0 110 55 55
Togolese 0 0 0 4,080 2,210 1,870
Wolof 0 0 0 660 390 270
Yoruba 0 0 0 460 225 235
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117 0 0 0 6,955 3,690 3,275
North African origins 0 0 0 225,125 117,725 107,410
Algerian 0 0 0 60,375 31,185 29,190
Berber 0 0 0 33,825 17,840 15,985
Coptic 0 0 0 685 385 305
Dinka 0 0 0 15 10 10
Egyptian 0 0 0 29,400 15,295 14,100
Libyan 0 0 0 1,075 590 485
Maure 0 0 0 530 290 240
Moroccan 0 0 0 85,940 44,520 41,420
Sudanese 0 0 0 370 220 150
Tunisian 0 0 0 21,475 11,775 9,695
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118 0 0 0 3,340 1,845 1,490
Southern and East African origins 0 0 0 28,925 14,225 14,705
Afrikaner 0 0 0 115 75 40
Amhara 0 0 0 65 30 35
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119 0 0 0 1,905 1,040 870
Burundian 0 0 0 6,015 2,945 3,070
Djiboutian 0 0 0 450 205 245
Eritrean 0 0 0 580 290 290
Ethiopian 0 0 0 1,575 785 785
Harari 0 0 0 20 10 10
Kenyan 0 0 0 530 270 260
Malagasy 0 0 0 3,735 1,815 1,920
Mauritian 0 0 0 3,695 1,735 1,960
Oromo 0 0 0 20 15 10
Rwandan 0 0 0 5,130 2,445 2,685
Seychellois 0 0 0 775 345 425
Somali 0 0 0 1,785 865 915
South African 0 0 0 900 490 420
Tanzanian 0 0 0 325 190 140
Tigrian 0 0 0 95 35 55
Ugandan 0 0 0 290 135 160
Zambian 0 0 0 45 20 25
Zimbabwean 0 0 0 300 150 145
Zulu 0 0 0 70 35 35
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120 0 0 0 1,790 915 875
Other African origins 0 0 0 46,805 22,845 23,965
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121 0 0 0 3,800 1,845 1,950
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122 0 0 0 43,785 21,415 22,370
Asian origins 0 0 0 563,150 275,170 287,980
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 0 0 0 240,795 123,985 116,810
Afghan 0 0 0 10,945 5,550 5,395
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123 0 0 0 44,875 23,680 21,195
Armenian 0 0 0 27,380 13,515 13,865
Assyrian 0 0 0 370 205 165
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 555 295 255
Georgian 0 0 0 635 295 345
Hazara 0 0 0 385 190 200
Iranian 0 0 0 25,530 12,845 12,685
Iraqi 0 0 0 5,520 2,780 2,740
Israeli 0 0 0 6,060 3,235 2,830
Jordanian 0 0 0 1,610 840 770
Kazakh 0 0 0 620 295 325
Kurd 0 0 0 2,135 1,180 960
Kuwaiti 0 0 0 95 50 50
Kyrgyz 0 0 0 260 140 120
Lebanese 0 0 0 78,140 40,695 37,450
Palestinian 0 0 0 6,865 3,520 3,345
Pashtun 0 0 0 515 280 235
Saudi Arabian 0 0 0 645 390 255
Syrian 0 0 0 27,465 13,845 13,620
Tajik 0 0 0 390 180 210
Tatar 0 0 0 910 430 485
Turk 0 0 0 15,060 7,520 7,545
Turkmen 0 0 0 65 45 25
Uighur 0 0 0 375 185 190
Uzbek 0 0 0 465 210 255
Yemeni 0 0 0 805 450 355
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124 0 0 0 2,465 1,385 1,075
South Asian origins 0 0 0 95,670 48,925 46,745
Bangladeshi 0 0 0 7,075 3,625 3,450
Bengali 0 0 0 4,125 2,035 2,090
Bhutanese 0 0 0 420 205 215
East Indian 0 0 0 51,650 26,505 25,140
Goan 0 0 0 210 105 110
Gujarati 0 0 0 420 205 215
Kashmiri 0 0 0 260 155 105
Nepali 0 0 0 930 460 470
Pakistani 0 0 0 13,535 7,000 6,535
Punjabi 0 0 0 2,970 1,675 1,295
Sinhalese 0 0 0 310 135 175
Sri Lankan 0 0 0 14,750 7,300 7,450
Tamil 0 0 0 3,100 1,610 1,495
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125 0 0 0 2,135 1,190 945
East and Southeast Asian origins 0 0 0 229,985 103,805 126,180
Burmese 0 0 0 530 270 255
Cambodian (Khmer) 0 0 0 15,345 7,360 7,985
Chinese 0 0 0 121,445 54,595 66,850
Filipino 0 0 0 37,910 15,590 22,320
Hmong 0 0 0 35 10 20
Indonesian 0 0 0 1,320 570 755
Japanese 0 0 0 6,495 2,615 3,875
Karen 0 0 0 95 55 40
Korean 0 0 0 8,740 4,155 4,580
Laotian 0 0 0 7,625 3,860 3,770
Malaysian 0 0 0 645 300 340
Mongolian 0 0 0 960 470 485
Singaporean 0 0 0 105 65 40
Taiwanese 0 0 0 2,205 940 1,265
Thai 0 0 0 2,695 1,065 1,635
Tibetan 0 0 0 80 45 30
Vietnamese 0 0 0 43,080 20,790 22,290
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126 0 0 0 275 125 155
Other Asian origins 0 0 0 1,765 905 865
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127 0 0 0 1,770 905 860
Oceania origins 0 0 0 3,250 1,730 1,515
Australian 0 0 0 2,055 1,125 935
New Zealander 0 0 0 490 245 245
Pacific Islands origins 0 0 0 785 410 380
Fijian 0 0 0 70 25 40
Hawaiian 0 0 0 60 40 20
Maori 0 0 0 90 55 35
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128 0 0 0 290 145 145
Samoan 0 0 0 15 15 0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129 0 0 0 295 155 145
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130 440 ... ... 3,531,665 ... ...
Owner 355 ... ... 2,163,735 ... ...
Renter 90 ... ... 1,362,010 ... ...
Band housing 0 ... ... 5,915 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131 445 ... ... 3,531,660 ... ...
Condominium 0 ... ... 413,325 ... ...
Not condominium 440 ... ... 3,118,340 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132 440 ... ... 3,531,665 ... ...
No bedrooms 0 ... ... 23,725 ... ...
1 bedroom 25 ... ... 573,370 ... ...
2 bedrooms 90 ... ... 1,100,310 ... ...
3 bedrooms 145 ... ... 1,157,300 ... ...
4 or more bedrooms 175 ... ... 676,955 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133 445 ... ... 3,531,665 ... ...
1 to 4 rooms 80 ... ... 1,258,215 ... ...
5 rooms 45 ... ... 620,935 ... ...
6 rooms 90 ... ... 432,090 ... ...
7 rooms 70 ... ... 403,255 ... ...
8 or more rooms 150 ... ... 817,165 ... ...
Average number of rooms per dwelling 6.7 ... ... 5.8 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134 445 ... ... 3,531,665 ... ...
One person or fewer per room 440 ... ... 3,492,135 ... ...
More than 1 person per room 0 ... ... 39,530 ... ...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135 445 ... ... 3,531,660 ... ...
Suitable 440 ... ... 3,398,910 ... ...
Not suitable 10 ... ... 132,755 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136 445 ... ... 3,531,660 ... ...
1960 or before 220 ... ... 894,495 ... ...
1961 to 1980 125 ... ... 1,116,760 ... ...
1981 to 1990 45 ... ... 503,495 ... ...
1991 to 2000 15 ... ... 369,020 ... ...
2001 to 2005 15 ... ... 196,830 ... ...
2006 to 2010 10 ... ... 241,545 ... ...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137 20 ... ... 209,515 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138 440 ... ... 3,531,665 ... ...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed 430 ... ... 3,304,625 ... ...
Major repairs needed 10 ... ... 227,040 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139 440 ... ... 3,531,665 ... ...
1 household maintainer 295 ... ... 2,221,970 ... ...
2 household maintainers 150 ... ... 1,264,195 ... ...
3 or more household maintainers 0 ... ... 45,500 ... ...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140 440 ... ... 3,531,665 ... ...
15 to 24 years 0 ... ... 119,495 ... ...
25 to 34 years 45 ... ... 498,070 ... ...
35 to 44 years 75 ... ... 603,840 ... ...
45 to 54 years 75 ... ... 682,290 ... ...
55 to 64 years 105 ... ... 731,390 ... ...
65 to 74 years 90 ... ... 541,630 ... ...
75 to 84 years 35 ... ... 270,280 ... ...
85 years and over 20 ... ... 84,680 ... ...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141 390 ... ... 3,496,460 ... ...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs 330 ... ... 2,763,105 ... ...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs 55 ... ... 733,355 ... ...
30% to less than 100% 60 ... ... 647,975 ... ...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 310 ... ... 2,141,690 ... ...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142 48.4 ... ... 61.9 ... ...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141 14.5 ... ... 12.9 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 534 ... ... 983 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 723 ... ... 1,085 ... ...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144 149,772 ... ... 250,302 ... ...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144 142,462 ... ... 290,484 ... ...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 80 ... ... 1,358,265 ... ...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145 0.0 ... ... 9.3 ... ...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141 25.0 ... ... 33.7 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 483 ... ... 720 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 495 ... ... 775 ... ...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146 855 460 395 6,634,280 3,260,035 3,374,240
No certificate, diploma or degree 215 125 90 1,323,070 674,955 648,115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147 215 115 105 1,426,980 674,820 752,155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 420 220 205 3,884,235 1,910,260 1,973,970
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 195 150 40 1,120,730 681,515 439,215
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148 120 95 20 806,585 435,090 371,495
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149 70 60 15 314,145 246,425 67,720
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 175 45 130 1,165,515 506,775 658,740
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 25 0 25 236,255 93,680 142,575
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 30 20 10 1,361,730 628,290 733,440
Bachelor's degree 20 15 0 872,060 384,275 487,790
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 0 0 0 118,955 54,255 64,695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 0 0 0 39,045 19,865 19,185
Master's degree 0 0 10 281,215 139,280 141,935
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150 0 0 0 50,455 30,615 19,840
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146 505 285 220 4,371,935 2,167,810 2,204,125
No certificate, diploma or degree 110 70 40 580,635 323,880 256,750
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147 90 55 35 808,955 396,620 412,330
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 310 165 145 2,982,345 1,447,305 1,535,040
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 160 120 30 866,595 513,575 353,015
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148 105 80 25 631,795 330,140 301,655
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149 55 45 10 234,800 183,440 51,360
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 100 20 85 832,430 367,185 465,245
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 20 0 20 167,025 67,530 99,495
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 30 15 10 1,116,300 499,010 617,290
Bachelor's degree 20 10 10 712,935 308,760 404,175
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 0 0 0 94,240 40,085 54,160
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 0 0 0 30,775 13,505 17,270
Master's degree 0 0 10 238,300 113,895 124,410
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150 0 0 0 40,050 22,780 17,270
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151 855 460 395 6,634,280 3,260,040 3,374,245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152 430 240 190 2,750,050 1,349,775 1,400,270
Education 25 0 25 273,320 62,470 210,845
13. Education 25 0 30 273,320 62,470 210,845
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 10 0 10 156,720 71,485 85,240
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 0 0 0 25,380 18,280 7,100
50. Visual and performing arts 10 10 0 131,340 53,200 78,140
Humanities 10 0 10 215,735 86,065 129,675
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics 0 0 0 32,180 7,165 25,020
23. English language and literature/letters 0 0 0 12,900 4,060 8,835
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 0 0 0 103,120 42,685 60,435
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153 0 0 0 880 395 485
38. Philosophy and religious studies 10 10 0 10,400 6,650 3,755
39. Theology and religious vocations 0 0 0 10,125 6,200 3,930
54. History 0 0 0 17,055 9,990 7,065
55. French language and literature/letters 0 0 0 29,070 8,920 20,155
Social and behavioural sciences and law 30 10 20 380,995 125,025 255,975
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 0 0 0 4,315 1,165 3,150
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 10 0 0 48,530 16,690 31,845
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 0 0 0 77,470 6,070 71,400
22. Legal professions and studies 0 0 10 67,185 25,785 41,395
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154 10 0 10 9,905 2,035 7,870
42. Psychology 10 0 10 57,335 14,030 43,305
45. Social sciences 0 0 0 116,255 59,245 57,015
Business, management and public administration 75 15 65 879,190 321,450 557,740
30.16 Accounting and computer science 0 0 0 815 300 520
44. Public administration and social service professions 10 0 0 47,715 10,490 37,225
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 70 10 60 830,660 310,665 519,990
Physical and life sciences and technologies 0 0 0 140,990 76,780 64,215
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 0 0 0 49,705 20,900 28,805
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 0 0 0 23,210 13,865 9,350
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155 0 0 10 21,890 10,810 11,080
40. Physical sciences 0 0 0 39,060 27,545 11,515
41. Science technologies/technicians 0 0 0 7,120 3,660 3,465
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 0 0 10 152,105 104,850 47,255
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 0 0 0 125,480 92,730 32,750
25. Library science 0 0 10 11,110 2,145 8,965
27. Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 13,415 8,365 5,045
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156 0 0 0 2,100 1,605 495
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 105 100 0 828,400 758,350 70,055
04. Architecture and related services 0 0 0 29,015 17,055 11,960
14. Engineering 0 0 0 150,450 124,585 25,865
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields 20 10 0 150,640 135,445 15,195
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 0 0 0 60 20 40
46. Construction trades 20 15 0 185,385 179,995 5,390
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 20 20 0 184,280 178,510 5,770
48. Precision production 45 45 0 128,580 122,750 5,830
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 55 50 0 85,485 56,900 28,585
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences 55 50 0 51,770 30,870 20,900
03. Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 33,715 26,025 7,690
Health and related fields 50 0 45 480,230 95,450 384,780
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies 0 0 0 27,955 14,675 13,280
51. Health professions and related programs 50 0 45 441,105 74,630 366,470
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs 0 0 0 11,160 6,140 5,020
Personal, protective and transportation services 50 30 15 290,005 151,070 138,935
12. Personal and culinary services 20 10 10 164,595 43,720 120,875
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 0 0 0 290 270 20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 0 0 0 1,345 1,245 100
43. Security and protective services 0 0 0 54,625 42,415 12,210
49. Transportation and materials moving 30 25 10 69,160 63,425 5,740
Other 0 0 0 1,055 375 680
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other 0 0 0 1,055 375 675
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151 505 285 215 4,371,935 2,167,805 2,204,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152 195 120 75 1,389,585 720,500 669,085
Education 15 0 15 180,615 37,990 142,625
13. Education 15 0 20 180,615 37,990 142,625
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 10 10 0 122,045 55,575 66,475
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 0 0 0 19,510 13,740 5,770
50. Visual and performing arts 10 0 0 102,535 41,830 60,705
Humanities 0 0 0 138,330 54,580 83,750
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics 0 0 0 25,220 5,455 19,765
23. English language and literature/letters 0 0 0 9,585 2,990 6,595
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 0 0 0 57,730 25,305 32,430
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153 0 0 0 600 255 350
38. Philosophy and religious studies 10 10 0 6,980 4,415 2,570
39. Theology and religious vocations 0 0 0 5,415 3,380 2,035
54. History 0 0 0 12,235 7,140 5,095
55. French language and literature/letters 0 0 0 20,555 5,640 14,915
Social and behavioural sciences and law 20 10 15 301,550 95,120 206,430
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 0 0 0 3,550 925 2,620
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 0 10 0 40,275 13,900 26,370
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 0 0 0 63,120 4,295 58,825
22. Legal professions and studies 10 0 10 53,620 18,830 34,790
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154 0 0 0 6,840 1,420 5,420
42. Psychology 10 0 10 44,540 10,255 34,285
45. Social sciences 0 0 0 89,610 45,495 44,110
Business, management and public administration 60 10 55 706,400 248,920 457,480
30.16 Accounting and computer science 0 0 0 615 215 400
44. Public administration and social service professions 0 0 10 38,320 7,835 30,485
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 60 10 55 667,470 240,870 426,600
Physical and life sciences and technologies 0 0 0 92,480 49,390 43,090
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 0 0 0 40,895 16,635 24,260
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 0 0 0 12,450 7,435 5,015
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155 0 0 0 4,175 2,385 1,785
40. Physical sciences 0 0 0 29,705 20,255 9,445
41. Science technologies/technicians 0 0 0 5,255 2,675 2,580
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 0 0 0 132,750 91,865 40,885
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 0 0 0 112,715 83,240 29,470
25. Library science 0 0 0 8,720 1,665 7,055
27. Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 9,725 5,815 3,915
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156 0 0 0 1,585 1,150 440
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 75 75 10 639,185 577,845 61,335
04. Architecture and related services 0 0 0 24,260 13,870 10,385
14. Engineering 0 0 0 126,835 103,165 23,665
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields 15 10 10 116,595 103,710 12,885
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 0 0 0 50 15 30
46. Construction trades 10 10 0 134,865 130,350 4,510
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 15 10 0 139,935 135,155 4,780
48. Precision production 40 40 0 96,655 91,580 5,075
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 30 25 0 69,865 45,215 24,655
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences 30 25 10 41,755 23,965 17,795
03. Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 28,110 21,250 6,860
Health and related fields 35 10 35 368,600 72,245 296,355
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies 0 0 0 22,660 11,635 11,030
51. Health professions and related programs 35 10 30 337,320 56,510 280,810
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs 0 0 0 8,620 4,110 4,510
Personal, protective and transportation services 40 35 10 229,640 118,260 111,375
12. Personal and culinary services 15 10 10 129,245 32,830 96,410
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 0 0 0 225 200 25
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 0 0 0 875 795 80
43. Security and protective services 0 0 0 42,550 32,575 9,975
49. Transportation and materials moving 30 25 10 56,750 51,860 4,890
Other 0 0 0 890 300 595
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other 0 0 0 890 300 595
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157 855 465 395 6,634,280 3,260,040 3,374,240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 430 240 190 2,750,045 1,349,775 1,400,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158 420 220 205 3,884,235 1,910,265 1,973,970
Location of study inside Canada 410 210 200 3,509,610 1,716,730 1,792,880
Same as province or territory of residence 400 205 195 3,367,195 1,642,930 1,724,270
Different than province or territory of residence 10 10 0 142,415 73,800 68,610
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159 15 10 0 374,620 193,530 181,090
United StatesCensus data footnote 160 0 0 0 28,320 16,915 11,410
Philippines 0 0 0 12,515 3,600 8,920
India 0 0 0 6,805 3,660 3,150
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161 0 0 0 11,250 6,535 4,715
ChinaCensus data footnote 162 0 0 0 17,155 7,755 9,395
France 10 0 0 69,665 39,885 29,780
Other 10 0 10 228,905 115,185 113,725
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157 505 285 220 4,371,935 2,167,810 2,204,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 195 125 75 1,389,590 720,505 669,085
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158 305 165 140 2,982,350 1,447,305 1,535,045
Location of study inside Canada 310 160 145 2,676,230 1,293,455 1,382,780
Same as province or territory of residence 300 155 145 2,567,605 1,238,320 1,329,280
Different than province or territory of residence 0 10 0 108,630 55,125 53,500
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159 0 0 0 306,115 153,850 152,265
United StatesCensus data footnote 160 0 0 0 19,655 11,145 8,505
Philippines 0 0 0 10,545 2,935 7,610
India 0 0 0 4,865 2,465 2,400
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161 0 0 0 7,390 4,245 3,145
ChinaCensus data footnote 162 0 0 0 15,420 6,865 8,550
France 0 0 0 57,315 32,115 25,205
Other 0 0 0 190,930 94,085 96,850
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163 855 460 395 6,634,280 3,260,040 3,374,245
In the labour force 535 315 220 4,255,500 2,214,735 2,040,765
Employed 510 305 205 3,949,325 2,037,105 1,912,220
Unemployed 25 15 10 306,170 177,630 128,540
Not in the labour force 320 140 175 2,378,780 1,045,300 1,333,480
Participation rate 62.6 68.5 55.7 64.1 67.9 60.5
Employment rate 59.6 66.3 51.9 59.5 62.5 56.7
Unemployment rate 4.7 4.8 4.5 7.2 8.0 6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164 855 465 390 6,634,280 3,260,035 3,374,240
Did not workCensus data footnote 165 285 120 165 2,228,315 967,660 1,260,655
Worked 570 345 225 4,405,965 2,292,375 2,113,585
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166 290 200 90 2,084,020 1,145,805 938,215
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167 280 145 140 2,321,945 1,146,575 1,175,375
Average weeks worked in reference year 43.4 44.6 41.6 42.5 42.7 42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168 535 315 215 4,255,500 2,214,735 2,040,765
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 0 0 10 101,485 51,640 49,850
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170 530 310 215 4,154,015 2,163,095 1,990,915
Employee 425 235 190 3,664,920 1,863,740 1,801,185
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171 100 80 30 489,090 299,355 189,730
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172 540 315 215 4,255,500 2,214,735 2,040,765
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 10 0 0 101,490 51,640 49,850
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170 530 315 215 4,154,010 2,163,095 1,990,915
0 Management occupations 85 65 20 418,450 263,585 154,875
1 Business, finance and administration occupations 50 10 35 677,390 210,525 466,865
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 10 10 10 286,270 222,375 63,895
3 Health occupations 40 10 35 295,765 57,160 238,610
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services 40 10 35 502,945 147,145 355,795
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 0 0 0 135,730 64,370 71,365
6 Sales and service occupations 95 35 60 988,610 449,820 538,790
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 115 105 0 574,675 544,100 30,570
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 60 50 10 67,290 55,610 11,685
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 30 20 10 206,875 148,405 58,475
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173 535 320 215 4,255,495 2,214,735 2,040,765
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 10 0 0 101,490 51,635 49,850
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170 525 315 215 4,154,010 2,163,095 1,990,915
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 130 105 20 84,060 60,460 23,595
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 10 10 0 20,920 18,175 2,745
22 Utilities 0 0 0 28,410 20,650 7,755
23 Construction 50 45 0 254,055 223,770 30,285
31-33 Manufacturing 60 45 20 458,315 332,080 126,240
41 Wholesale trade 20 10 10 157,365 104,885 52,475
44-45 Retail trade 40 10 25 508,170 239,625 268,545
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 30 25 0 187,550 142,550 45,000
51 Information and cultural industries 10 0 10 100,775 59,705 41,070
52 Finance and insurance 15 0 10 165,140 66,175 98,965
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 10 10 0 61,380 36,505 24,875
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 10 0 10 288,715 161,030 127,685
55 Management of companies and enterprises 0 0 0 3,305 1,270 2,035
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 10 10 0 176,185 108,280 67,905
61 Educational services 15 10 15 306,575 96,170 210,405
62 Health care and social assistance 60 10 55 532,680 99,380 433,295
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 10 10 0 84,130 44,235 39,895
72 Accommodation and food services 25 10 15 278,500 123,235 155,265
81 Other services (except public administration) 40 20 20 193,700 89,455 104,245
91 Public administration 15 10 10 264,085 135,455 128,630
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174 510 305 205 3,949,325 2,037,105 1,912,220
Worked at home 95 65 30 266,285 134,325 131,960
Worked outside Canada 0 0 0 10,600 7,580 3,020
No fixed workplace address 50 35 10 351,595 265,405 86,185
Worked at usual place 360 195 165 3,320,850 1,629,795 1,691,050
Commuting destinationThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data 365 200 165 3,320,845 1,629,795 1,691,050
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence 95 70 25 1,732,155 810,895 921,260
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence 155 70 85 485,450 234,700 250,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence 115 55 55 1,037,125 549,095 488,030
Commute to a different province or territory 0 0 0 66,125 35,110 31,015
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175 415 235 180 3,672,445 1,895,200 1,777,240
Car, truck, van - as a driver 375 210 160 2,739,405 1,475,775 1,263,625
Car, truck, van - as a passenger 10 0 10 133,760 51,045 82,715
Public transit 0 0 0 503,285 217,465 285,820
Walked 30 25 10 205,350 93,595 111,760
Bicycle 0 0 0 54,625 36,470 18,155
Other method 0 0 0 36,010 20,845 15,170
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176 415 235 180 3,672,440 1,895,200 1,777,240
Less than 15 minutes 185 115 70 1,035,455 493,225 542,235
15 to 29 minutes 105 50 55 1,200,455 617,010 583,445
30 to 44 minutes 80 45 40 777,955 425,640 352,310
45 to 59 minutes 35 25 10 343,540 184,440 159,100
60 minutes and over 15 10 10 315,035 174,875 140,160
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177 415 240 175 3,672,440 1,895,205 1,777,240
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m. 40 30 0 256,150 192,835 63,315
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m. 100 70 30 675,585 420,120 255,465
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m. 130 65 60 1,133,510 527,925 605,580
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m. 70 25 45 714,935 296,300 418,630
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. 15 0 15 349,845 148,715 201,125
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m. 60 40 20 542,425 309,295 233,125
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178 580 350 230 4,529,770 2,352,115 2,177,655
Single responses 560 340 225 4,187,865 2,169,480 2,018,385
Official languages 560 340 220 4,153,710 2,152,290 2,001,420
English 0 0 0 541,720 294,935 246,780
French 560 340 225 3,611,990 1,857,350 1,754,640
Non-official languages 0 0 0 34,160 17,190 16,970
Aboriginal languages 0 0 0 12,670 6,180 6,490
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 8,350 4,095 4,260
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 8,285 4,060 4,220
Atikamekw 0 0 0 1,100 580 515
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 1,800 840 960
Moose Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Naskapi 0 0 0 210 105 100
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 35 20 15
Plains Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Woods Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 5,145 2,515 2,630
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 30 20 10
Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 25 20 10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 45 15 25
Algonquin 0 0 0 45 20 30
Ojibway 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chilcotin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dene 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuit languages 0 0 0 4,305 2,080 2,220
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 4,290 2,075 2,215
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 0 0
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 15 0 15
Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0 10 0 15
Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kutenai 0 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0 0 0
Okanagan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Squamish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 0
Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haisla 0 0 0 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 10
Non-Aboriginal languages 0 0 0 21,490 11,005 10,480
Afro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 1,895 1,125 775
Berber languages 0 0 0 35 10 30
Kabyle 0 0 0 15 0 20
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 15 0 10
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bilen 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oromo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Somali 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Semitic languages 0 0 0 1,860 1,110 745
Amharic 0 0 0 0 0 0
Arabic 0 0 0 1,715 1,045 665
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 10 0 10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0 0 0
Harari 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hebrew 0 0 0 140 70 70
Maltese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tigrigna 0 0 0 0 0 0
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 10 0
Austro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 1,725 850 870
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 315 140 175
Vietnamese 0 0 0 1,410 710 695
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0 0 0
Austronesian languages 0 0 0 135 65 70
Bikol 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cebuano 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fijian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ilocano 0 0 0 10 0 0
Malagasy 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malay 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 0 0 10
Pangasinan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 0 0 0 115 50 60
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 0 0 0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Creole languages 0 0 0 275 90 190
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 10 0 10
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 265 90 175
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 0 0
Dravidian languages 0 0 0 150 75 75
Kannada 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malayalam 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tamil 0 0 0 145 75 70
Telugu 0 0 0 0 0 10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 10 0 10
Indo-European languages 0 0 10 10,165 5,255 4,910
Albanian 0 0 0 30 20 10
Armenian 0 0 0 275 130 145
Balto-Slavic languages 0 0 0 1,130 500 635
Baltic languages 0 0 0 15 0 10
Latvian 0 0 0 15 10 10
Lithuanian 0 0 0 0 10 0
Slavic languages 0 0 0 1,115 495 625
Belarusan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bosnian 0 0 0 10 0 0
Bulgarian 0 0 0 55 20 30
Croatian 0 0 0 10 0 10
Czech 0 0 0 10 0 10
Macedonian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Polish 0 0 0 170 65 105
Russian 0 0 0 735 340 395
Serbian 0 0 0 10 15 0
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 10 10 0
Slovak 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ukrainian 0 0 0 110 35 75
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Celtic languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 0 0 0
Welsh 0 0 0 0 0 0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Germanic languages 10 0 0 1,285 575 715
Afrikaans 0 0 0 0 0 0
Danish 0 0 0 15 10 0
Dutch 0 0 0 25 10 15
Frisian 0 0 0 0 0 0
German 0 0 0 370 170 195
Icelandic 0 0 0 0 0 0
Norwegian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swedish 0 0 0 15 10 10
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yiddish 0 0 0 860 375 485
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Greek 0 0 0 525 260 270
Indo-Iranian languages 0 0 0 1,385 780 600
Indo-Aryan languages 0 0 0 680 390 295
Bengali 0 0 0 110 70 35
Gujarati 0 0 0 20 0 10
Hindi 0 0 0 35 20 15
Kashmiri 0 0 0 0 0 0
Konkani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Marathi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nepali 0 0 0 20 0 10
Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Punjabi (Panjabi) 0 0 0 415 225 190
Sindhi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Urdu 0 0 0 85 50 35
Iranian languages 0 0 0 700 395 305
Kurdish 0 0 0 15 0 15
Pashto 0 0 0 10 0 15
Persian (Farsi) 0 0 0 675 385 285
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 0 0
Italic (Romance) languages 0 0 0 5,525 2,990 2,540
Catalan 0 0 0 15 0 15
Italian 0 0 0 590 315 275
Portuguese 0 0 0 635 365 270
Romanian 0 0 0 320 140 175
Spanish 0 0 0 3,975 2,165 1,810
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 0 0
Japanese 0 0 0 235 80 150
Kartvelian languages 0 0 0 10 0 10
Georgian 0 0 0 10 0 0
Korean 0 0 0 300 150 150
Mongolic languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mongolian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 45 25 20
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bamanankan 0 0 0 0 10 0
Edo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ewe 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ganda 0 0 0 0 0 0
Igbo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lingala 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 0 10 0
Shona 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swahili 0 0 0 25 20 0
Wolof 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yoruba 0 0 0 10 0 0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 10
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dinka 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sign languages 0 0 0 205 60 140
American Sign Language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 125 20 110
Sign languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 70 45 30
Sino-Tibetan languages 0 0 0 6,070 3,125 2,945
Chinese languages 0 0 0 6,075 3,130 2,950
Cantonese 0 0 0 2,655 1,325 1,330
Hakka 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mandarin 0 0 0 3,100 1,630 1,465
Min Dong 0 0 0 0 0 0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 70 40 30
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 15 10 10
Chinese, n.o.s. 0 0 0 235 130 110
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Burmese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Karenic languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tibetan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 110 40 75
Lao 0 0 0 55 25 30
Thai 0 0 0 55 10 40
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0 0 0
Turkic languages 0 0 0 110 60 50
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Turkish 0 0 0 110 55 55
Uyghur 0 0 0 0 0 0
Uzbek 0 0 0 0 0 0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Uralic languages 0 0 0 40 10 40
Estonian 0 0 0 10 0 0
Finnish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hungarian 0 0 0 35 0 35
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 0 10
Multiple responses 15 10 0 341,900 182,635 159,265
English and French 15 10 0 315,620 169,365 146,255
English and non-official language 0 0 0 6,545 3,655 2,890
French and non-official language 0 0 0 7,525 3,460 4,065
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 12,205 6,160 6,055
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179 575 350 230 4,529,770 2,352,110 2,177,655
None 540 325 215 3,107,035 1,588,345 1,518,690
English 35 25 15 1,031,380 555,940 475,440
French 0 0 10 317,490 169,785 147,705
Non-official language 0 0 0 49,850 25,900 23,950
Aboriginal 0 0 0 4,985 2,285 2,705
Non-Aboriginal 0 0 0 44,865 23,620 21,245
English and French 0 0 0 2,185 1,040 1,140
English and non-official language 0 0 0 14,910 7,255 7,655
French and non-official language 0 0 0 6,855 3,795 3,055
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 65 50 20
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180 980 505 470 7,880,315 3,897,740 3,982,575
Non-movers 895 455 435 6,965,520 3,447,320 3,518,195
Movers 90 50 40 914,800 450,420 464,380
Non-migrants 45 25 15 547,410 269,850 277,560
Migrants 50 20 25 367,385 180,565 186,820
Internal migrants 50 20 25 305,465 149,335 156,135
Intraprovincial migrants 50 20 25 284,280 137,945 146,330
Interprovincial migrants 0 0 0 21,190 11,385 9,805
External migrants 0 0 0 61,920 31,235 30,685
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181 940 495 445 7,520,960 3,714,155 3,806,805
Non-movers 690 360 330 4,825,870 2,388,805 2,437,065
Movers 250 135 110 2,695,090 1,325,345 1,369,740
Non-migrants 110 80 35 1,507,665 741,220 766,440
Migrants 135 55 80 1,187,425 584,125 603,295
Internal migrants 135 55 80 949,170 464,830 484,340
Intraprovincial migrants 135 55 80 893,800 436,525 457,270
Interprovincial migrants 0 0 0 55,370 28,300 27,070
External migrants 0 0 0 238,250 119,295 118,960

Source

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Baie-du-Febvre, [Census subdivision], Quebec and Quebec [Province] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed March 28, 2024).

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