Census Profile, 2016 Census
L'Épiphanie, Paroisse (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec and La Rivière-du-Nord, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	L'Épiphanie, PE Quebec [Census subdivision]			La Rivière-du-Nord, MRC Quebec [Census division]
	Data quality , L'Épiphanie, Paroisse (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : L'Épiphanie, Paroisse (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : La Rivière-du-Nord, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	3,200	...	...	128,170	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	3,296	...	...	115,165	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.9	...	...	11.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,324	...	...	58,580	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,232	...	...	55,009	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	58.6	...	...	284.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	54.58	...	...	451.02	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	3,200	1,675	1,530	128,170	63,565	64,610
0 to 14 years	585	305	285	21,795	11,245	10,555
0 to 4 years	210	105	105	7,515	3,875	3,635
5 to 9 years	205	110	95	7,670	3,970	3,700
10 to 14 years	175	95	80	6,610	3,400	3,210
15 to 64 years	2,200	1,145	1,060	84,375	42,265	42,110
15 to 19 years	185	95	90	6,650	3,355	3,295
20 to 24 years	205	115	90	7,495	3,815	3,685
25 to 29 years	190	100	90	7,795	3,900	3,890
30 to 34 years	200	105	95	8,115	4,045	4,070
35 to 39 years	205	105	105	8,630	4,365	4,265
40 to 44 years	180	85	95	8,115	4,095	4,020
45 to 49 years	250	140	120	8,375	4,225	4,155
50 to 54 years	285	135	145	10,225	5,120	5,110
55 to 59 years	310	165	140	10,260	5,115	5,145
60 to 64 years	185	100	90	8,715	4,235	4,475
65 years and over	415	225	190	22,000	10,050	11,950
65 to 69 years	175	90	80	7,330	3,545	3,785
70 to 74 years	105	65	45	5,770	2,745	3,020
75 to 79 years	70	40	35	3,920	1,825	2,090
80 to 84 years	35	15	20	2,610	1,150	1,465
85 years and over	20	10	10	2,370	785	1,585
85 to 89 years	15	10	10	1,545	565	985
90 to 94 years	0	0	5	685	170	515
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	125	50	70
100 years and over	0	0	0	15	0	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.3	18.2	18.6	17.0	17.7	16.3
15 to 64 years	68.8	68.4	69.3	65.8	66.5	65.2
65 years and over	13.0	13.4	12.4	17.2	15.8	18.5
85 years and over	0.6	0.6	0.7	1.8	1.2	2.5
Average age of the population	39.3	39.4	39.2	41.4	40.5	42.2
Median age of the population	40.7	40.5	40.8	42.2	41.2	43.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,230	...	...	55,010	...	...
Single-detached house	1,065	...	...	30,835	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,170	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	165	...	...	22,945	...	...
Semi-detached house	115	...	...	2,040	...	...
Row house	10	...	...	600	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	25	...	...	5,940	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10	...	...	14,110	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	250	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,235	...	...	55,010	...	...
1 person	255	...	...	17,165	...	...
2 persons	430	...	...	20,090	...	...
3 persons	255	...	...	8,030	...	...
4 persons	185	...	...	6,585	...	...
5 or more persons	105	...	...	3,140	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,195	...	...	124,800	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	2,615	1,365	1,245	106,370	52,315	54,055
Married or living common law	1,645	820	820	61,450	30,745	30,705
Married	815	405	410	30,305	15,220	15,085
Living common law	830	415	415	31,145	15,530	15,620
Not married and not living common law	965	540	425	44,920	21,570	23,350
Never married	700	420	280	29,435	16,150	13,285
Separated	30	20	10	1,480	675	800
Divorced	135	75	65	8,250	3,275	4,975
Widowed	100	35	65	5,760	1,465	4,295
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	970	...	...	36,430	...	...
2 persons	470	...	...	20,050	...	...
3 persons	250	...	...	7,635	...	...
4 persons	175	...	...	6,260	...	...
5 or more persons	75	...	...	2,485	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	970	...	...	36,425	...	...
Total couple families	810	...	...	30,135	...	...
Married couples	395	...	...	14,620	...	...
Common-law couples	415	...	...	15,515	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	160	...	...	6,290	...	...
Female parent	105	...	...	4,515	...	...
Male parent	55	...	...	1,775	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	810	...	...	30,135	...	...
Couples without children	380	...	...	16,120	...	...
Couples with children	425	...	...	14,015	...	...
1 child	200	...	...	5,820	...	...
2 children	165	...	...	5,825	...	...
3 or more children	70	...	...	2,365	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	160	...	...	6,290	...	...
1 child	90	...	...	3,925	...	...
2 children	55	...	...	1,810	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	550	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	420	260	165	23,605	11,865	11,740
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,230	...	...	55,010	...	...
One-census-family households	925	...	...	35,445	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	360	...	...	15,680	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	560	...	...	19,765	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	20	...	...	485	...	...
Non-census-family households	290	...	...	19,080	...	...
One-person households	255	...	...	17,170	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	35	...	...	1,910	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	3,200	1,675	1,530	126,525	62,790	63,740
English only	5	0	5	435	215	220
French only	2,330	1,185	1,145	76,985	35,915	41,070
English and French	865	490	380	48,845	26,520	22,330
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	265	145	120
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	3,200	1,670	1,525	126,530	62,790	63,740
English	35	20	20	2,910	1,550	1,360
French	3,145	1,645	1,500	122,550	60,695	61,855
English and French	20	10	10	810	405	405
Neither English nor French	0	0	5	250	140	115
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	45	20	25	3,320	1,755	1,560
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.2	1.6	2.6	2.8	2.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	3,200	1,670	1,530	126,525	62,790	63,735
Single responses	3,175	1,655	1,515	125,180	62,090	63,085
Official languages	3,110	1,625	1,485	121,965	60,500	61,465
English	25	10	15	2,400	1,290	1,110
French	3,080	1,615	1,470	119,570	59,210	60,355
Non-official languages	65	35	35	3,215	1,590	1,625
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	65	30	35	3,200	1,585	1,615
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	340	190	150
Berber languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kabyle	0	5	0	15	10	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	315	180	140
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	5	310	170	135
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	85	35	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	35	5	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	25	5	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	110	60	50
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	100	55	50
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	30	25	2,255	1,115	1,145
Albanian	0	0	0	85	45	40
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	245	110	135
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	5	0	240	110	135
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	65	35	30
Russian	0	0	0	105	45	60
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Germanic languages	0	0	0	140	65	70
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	5
Danish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	95	45	50
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	65	45	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	125	60	65
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	115	55	60
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	105	45	55
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	25	20	1,580	780	805
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Italian	15	10	10	260	160	95
Portuguese	5	0	5	200	110	90
Romanian	15	5	10	90	40	50
Spanish	5	5	0	1,035	465	570
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	140	65	75
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	5
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	5	15
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	30	10	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	25	10	15
Wolof	0	0	0	10	10	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	110	50	65
Chinese languages	0	0	0	110	50	60
Cantonese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	65	30	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	30	15	15
Lao	0	5	0	25	15	10
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Multiple responses	25	15	10	1,345	695	650
English and French	20	10	5	935	475	465
English and non-official language	0	0	0	80	45	35
French and non-official language	10	5	0	260	135	120
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	70	40	30
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	3,200	1,675	1,525	126,525	62,790	63,735
Single responses	3,180	1,660	1,515	124,685	61,860	62,820
Official languages	3,155	1,655	1,500	123,350	61,225	62,120
English	25	15	15	2,100	1,120	975
French	3,125	1,640	1,490	121,245	60,100	61,145
Non-official languages	25	10	15	1,340	640	700
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	10	15	1,335	635	695
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	140	70	70
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	5	0	135	65	70
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	135	65	70
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	965	450	515
Albanian	0	0	0	50	30	25
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	80	35	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	80	35	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	100	45	50
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	95	45	50
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	90	40	50
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	5	10	705	330	370
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	35	15	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Romanian	15	5	5	40	20	20
Spanish	0	0	0	600	275	325
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	20	15	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	65	40	30
Chinese languages	0	0	0	70	35	25
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	40	20	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	15	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	15	10	1,840	925	915
English and French	10	5	5	1,015	525	490
English and non-official language	0	0	0	80	35	50
French and non-official language	10	5	5	615	290	320
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	135	75	55
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	3,200	1,670	1,530	126,525	62,790	63,740
None	3,045	1,585	1,460	117,100	57,905	59,195
English	100	55	45	6,365	3,350	3,015
French	15	10	10	1,545	760	785
Non-official language	30	20	10	1,215	610	605
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	30	20	10	1,205	605	600
English and French	0	0	5	45	25	25
English and non-official language	5	5	0	170	95	75
French and non-official language	5	0	0	85	45	40
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,610	1,365	1,245	103,060	50,940	52,120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,515	1,335	1,185	99,830	49,450	50,375
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,328	37,447	26,048	32,698	38,752	27,350
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,515	1,330	1,185	99,860	49,455	50,400
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,555	32,533	24,192	29,204	33,770	25,119
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,225	1,215	1,005	87,905	44,730	43,180
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,088	34,406	23,829	29,623	36,503	23,658
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,940	980	960	77,195	35,760	41,435
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,773	5,667	7,664	7,738	6,842	8,401
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,900	1,060	835	72,990	38,155	34,840
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,112	34,176	25,664	30,777	36,500	25,857
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	2,610	1,375	1,240	103,060	50,935	52,120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,525	1,345	1,180	99,845	49,390	50,450
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,286	43,416	30,298	39,216	45,328	33,233
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,530	1,345	1,180	99,855	49,390	50,465
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,546	36,046	26,417	32,705	36,923	28,577
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,230	1,240	990	87,980	44,700	43,285
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,083	40,910	27,794	36,748	43,559	29,714
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,915	950	970	77,180	35,625	41,560
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,344	8,174	8,512	8,842	8,194	9,397
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,895	1,075	825	72,995	38,195	34,800
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,607	40,544	29,212	36,915	41,992	31,343
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	2,610	1,375	1,240	103,060	50,940	52,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	750	435	315	31,405	17,360	14,050
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	42,368	51,513	37,079	44,943	50,750	39,709
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	47,192	52,333	40,130	50,634	55,869	44,166
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.6	86.4	77.3	82.7	87.1	76.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	71.2	73.8	67.7	68.9	71.8	64.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.3	13.6	22.8	17.3	12.9	23.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	2,610	1,360	1,245	103,060	50,940	52,120
Without total income	95	30	60	3,230	1,490	1,740
With total income	2,515	1,330	1,185	99,830	49,450	50,380
Percentage with total income	96.4	97.8	95.2	96.9	97.1	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	300	135	165	11,425	4,810	6,615
$10,000 to $19,999	465	190	275	18,800	7,310	11,490
$20,000 to $29,999	420	210	215	16,065	6,870	9,190
$30,000 to $39,999	360	185	180	13,805	6,545	7,255
$40,000 to $49,999	305	180	130	12,020	6,140	5,875
$50,000 to $59,999	230	135	90	8,690	4,995	3,695
$60,000 to $69,999	155	100	55	5,935	3,700	2,235
$70,000 to $79,999	105	70	35	4,720	2,950	1,770
$80,000 to $89,999	70	55	20	2,895	1,980	915
$90,000 to $99,999	45	35	10	1,770	1,270	500
$100,000 and over	65	50	15	3,720	2,875	845
$100,000 to $149,999	50	40	10	2,800	2,130	670
$150,000 and over	15	10	5	915	745	175
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,610	1,365	1,245	103,060	50,940	52,125
Without after-tax income	90	30	60	3,205	1,485	1,720
With after-tax income	2,515	1,335	1,185	99,855	49,455	50,400
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	97.8	95.2	96.9	97.1	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	315	135	180	11,920	4,915	7,005
$10,000 to $19,999	505	205	300	19,940	7,875	12,065
$20,000 to $29,999	520	260	255	19,505	8,565	10,940
$30,000 to $39,999	440	255	190	17,635	8,925	8,710
$40,000 to $49,999	325	195	135	12,905	7,300	5,610
$50,000 to $59,999	190	120	65	8,020	4,965	3,055
$60,000 to $69,999	120	90	35	4,800	3,090	1,710
$70,000 to $79,999	50	35	10	2,260	1,625	635
$80,000 and over	50	40	10	2,880	2,210	670
$80,000 to $89,999	20	15	0	1,130	845	285
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	5	565	450	115
$100,000 and over	20	15	5	1,180	915	265
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	2,610	1,365	1,245	103,060	50,940	52,120
Without employment income	710	300	410	30,065	12,785	17,285
With employment income	1,900	1,065	835	72,990	38,150	34,840
Percentage with employment income	72.8	78.0	67.1	70.8	74.9	66.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	215	125	90	9,450	5,005	4,450
$5,000 to $9,999	145	60	85	5,510	2,285	3,225
$10,000 to $19,999	285	140	150	11,210	4,725	6,480
$20,000 to $29,999	300	145	150	9,575	4,255	5,320
$30,000 to $39,999	265	135	135	9,400	4,420	4,980
$40,000 to $49,999	195	110	90	7,560	4,015	3,545
$50,000 to $59,999	165	120	45	5,820	3,480	2,345
$60,000 to $69,999	105	70	40	4,325	2,730	1,595
$70,000 to $79,999	85	55	30	3,775	2,375	1,400
$80,000 and over	135	110	25	6,365	4,865	1,500
$80,000 to $89,999	60	50	15	2,255	1,640	610
$90,000 to $99,999	25	25	5	1,405	1,060	345
$100,000 and over	50	40	10	2,710	2,165	540
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,230	...	...	55,010	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	68,887	...	...	59,462	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,802	...	...	51,883	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	255	...	...	17,165	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,901	...	...	29,879	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,336	...	...	27,203	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	975	...	...	37,840	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,839	...	...	77,074	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,535	...	...	66,049	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,235	...	...	55,010	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,468	...	...	71,179	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,697	...	...	59,368	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	240	...	...	17,155	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,620	...	...	37,561	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,011	...	...	31,346	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	985	...	...	37,855	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,607	...	...	86,412	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,556	...	...	72,066	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,230	...	...	55,005	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	480	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	840	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	1,835	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...	2,815	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	35	...	...	2,905	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...	2,415	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	70	...	...	2,945	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	60	...	...	2,975	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	60	...	...	2,815	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	65	...	...	2,685	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	95	...	...	5,045	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	115	...	...	4,275	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	85	...	...	3,965	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	95	...	...	3,490	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	85	...	...	3,090	...	...
$100,000 and over	330	...	...	12,450	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	145	...	...	5,360	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	90	...	...	3,250	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	70	...	...	2,645	...	...
$200,000 and over	20	...	...	1,195	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,230	...	...	55,010	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	525	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	860	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	1,850	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...	2,970	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	3,340	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	50	...	...	2,870	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	95	...	...	3,675	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	60	...	...	3,590	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	75	...	...	3,325	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	65	...	...	3,300	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	130	...	...	5,845	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	135	...	...	5,080	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	110	...	...	4,360	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	95	...	...	3,515	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	80	...	...	2,660	...	...
$100,000 and over	190	...	...	7,255	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	110	...	...	4,265	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	55	...	...	1,650	...	...
$150,000 and over	30	...	...	1,340	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	960	...	...	36,420	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,514	...	...	77,405	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,507	...	...	66,179	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	350	...	...	15,330	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,096	...	...	67,991	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,752	...	...	58,417	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	435	...	...	14,115	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,048	...	...	102,489	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,096	...	...	86,275	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	150	...	...	6,055	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,280	...	...	50,266	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,056	...	...	45,873	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	985	...	...	36,440	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,360	...	...	86,717	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,449	...	...	72,191	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	370	...	...	15,310	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,784	...	...	77,434	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,157	...	...	64,154	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	425	...	...	14,135	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,522	...	...	110,463	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,340	...	...	91,251	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	165	...	...	6,075	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,169	...	...	56,225	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,840	...	...	48,941	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	335	220	115	21,310	10,825	10,480
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,688	35,328	25,664	27,873	31,455	25,200
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,480	30,336	24,128	25,657	28,160	23,926
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	295	220	70	21,245	10,630	10,615
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,832	40,613	29,321	35,547	38,700	32,388
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,757	33,685	25,857	29,883	31,627	28,136
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	3,200	1,670	1,525	124,805	62,155	62,655
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,830	945	885	74,455	36,190	38,260
In the bottom decile	255	135	115	11,100	5,355	5,745
In the second decile	360	190	170	14,355	6,485	7,870
In the third decile	380	195	185	16,340	7,855	8,480
In the fourth decile	400	205	190	16,890	8,425	8,465
In the fifth decile	435	215	225	15,765	8,075	7,695
In the top half of the distribution	1,370	725	640	50,355	25,960	24,395
In the sixth decile	425	230	195	14,875	7,610	7,265
In the seventh decile	390	210	190	13,520	6,945	6,580
In the eighth decile	285	150	140	10,775	5,575	5,200
In the ninth decile	200	110	90	7,265	3,775	3,485
In the top decile	60	30	30	3,920	2,055	1,860
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	3,200	1,670	1,525	124,800	62,150	62,650
0 to 17 years	685	355	335	25,685	13,200	12,485
0 to 5 years	255	120	135	9,010	4,640	4,370
18 to 64 years	2,095	1,095	1,005	79,770	39,790	39,975
65 years and over	415	225	190	19,350	9,160	10,190
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	410	225	185	17,610	8,090	9,525
0 to 17 years	95	60	35	3,620	1,795	1,825
0 to 5 years	20	15	15	1,205	595	610
18 to 64 years	240	125	115	10,270	4,935	5,335
65 years and over	75	40	35	3,715	1,355	2,365
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.8	13.5	12.1	14.1	13.0	15.2
0 to 17 years (%)	13.9	16.9	10.4	14.1	13.6	14.6
0 to 5 years (%)	7.8	12.5	11.1	13.4	12.8	14.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.5	11.4	11.4	12.9	12.4	13.3
65 years and over (%)	18.1	17.8	18.4	19.2	14.8	23.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	155	90	65	8,060	3,995	4,060
0 to 17 years	40	25	15	1,500	760	740
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	500	245	250
18 to 64 years	105	60	45	6,120	3,075	3,045
65 years and over	5	5	0	435	160	275
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.8	5.4	4.3	6.5	6.4	6.5
0 to 17 years (%)	5.8	7.0	4.5	5.8	5.8	5.9
0 to 5 years (%)	3.9	4.2	3.7	5.5	5.3	5.7
18 to 64 years (%)	5.0	5.5	4.5	7.7	7.7	7.6
65 years and over (%)	1.2	2.2	0.0	2.2	1.7	2.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	3,200	1,675	1,525	124,805	62,150	62,650
Official languages	3,200	1,670	1,525	124,530	62,015	62,515
English	850	495	350	48,880	26,450	22,430
French	3,195	1,675	1,520	124,105	61,845	62,255
Non-official languages	100	45	60	6,910	3,260	3,655
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	100	45	55	6,905	3,255	3,650
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	560	250	310
Berber languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	25	10	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	15	545	250	295
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	0	10	535	235	300
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	115	55	60
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	75	35	30
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	15	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	60	20	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	0	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	30	0	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	265	130	140
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	20	15	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	240	110	125
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	40	40	5,475	2,560	2,915
Albanian	0	0	0	65	45	25
Armenian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	290	155	140
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	290	155	140
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	45	25	20
Russian	0	0	0	155	80	75
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	395	150	250
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	35	0	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	305	110	195
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	45	25	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Greek	0	0	0	120	60	60
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	150	85	70
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	120	65	60
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	110	55	55
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	40	35	4,570	2,115	2,460
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Italian	15	10	10	670	400	265
Portuguese	20	0	15	275	160	115
Romanian	0	0	0	115	50	70
Spanish	45	25	15	3,705	1,640	2,060
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	35	20	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	225	120	105
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	30	20	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	40	20	15
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	60	35	30
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	60	35	30
Wolof	0	0	0	20	10	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	95	50	50
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	55	20	35
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	140	70	80
Chinese languages	0	0	0	135	60	70
Cantonese	0	0	0	30	15	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	80	30	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Lao	0	0	0	40	20	20
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	15	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	3,195	1,670	1,525	124,800	62,155	62,655
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	3,155	1,655	1,500	123,400	61,490	61,910
Canadian citizens aged under 18	680	345	335	25,410	13,130	12,280
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,475	1,305	1,170	97,990	48,365	49,630
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	40	15	25	1,405	655	740
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	3,195	1,670	1,530	124,800	62,155	62,655
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	3,110	1,635	1,475	120,100	59,890	60,220
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	85	40	55	4,520	2,180	2,340
Before 1981	20	10	10	1,155	655	500
1981 to 1990	20	10	15	495	235	265
1991 to 2000	15	10	10	710	325	390
2001 to 2010	20	10	10	1,430	625	805
2001 to 2005	10	0	0	590	275	315
2006 to 2010	10	10	0	840	350	485
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	15	0	0	730	345	380
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	180	85	95
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	85	35	50	4,520	2,175	2,340
Under 5 years	10	0	10	730	310	425
5 to 14 years	15	0	0	950	500	450
15 to 24 years	25	10	10	870	395	480
25 to 44 years	35	20	15	1,700	845	855
45 years and over	10	0	10	275	135	135
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	85	35	55	4,520	2,180	2,345
Americas	10	0	0	1,240	535	705
Brazil	0	0	0	0	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	395	180	220
El Salvador	0	0	0	15	10	10
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	185	80	105
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	65	20	50
Peru	0	0	0	10	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	10	170	85	85
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	385	150	235
Europe	55	25	30	1,930	995	940
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	25	15	10
Croatia	0	0	0	10	10	10
France	10	0	0	930	470	460
Germany	0	0	0	75	30	45
Greece	0	0	0	45	30	10
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	175	120	55
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	10	0
Poland	10	0	10	25	10	15
Portugal	10	0	0	90	35	55
Romania	0	0	0	75	30	45
Russian Federation	0	0	0	60	35	30
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	25	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Other places of birth in Europe	25	0	20	325	170	160
Africa	20	10	15	650	325	320
Algeria	25	0	10	90	40	50
Egypt	0	0	0	40	25	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	155	70	85
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	355	185	165
Asia	0	0	0	685	315	370
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	125	25	105
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	10
India	0	0	0	20	15	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	95	50	40
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	40	10	30
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	50	30	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	45	25	20
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	245	125	120
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	15	10	10	725	345	385
Americas	0	0	0	280	120	165
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	60	20	40
Cuba	0	0	0	60	15	40
Haiti	0	0	0	45	25	25
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	20	10	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	45	25	15
Europe	0	0	0	165	95	75
France	0	0	0	105	50	50
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	45	30	20
Africa	15	10	10	155	85	75
Algeria	10	10	10	20	10	15
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	20	0	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	15	10	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	80	40	35
Asia	0	0	0	125	50	75
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	10	15	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	15	10	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	35	15	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	30	10	25
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	3,195	1,670	1,525	124,805	62,150	62,650
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	95	40	50	4,915	2,375	2,535
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	85	30	50	4,925	2,575	2,345
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	3,025	1,600	1,425	114,965	57,200	57,765
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	75	35	35	3,430	1,555	1,870
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	45	20	30	1,265	645	615
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	25	10	15	545	345	195
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	20	10	15	715	295	415
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	20	10	0	1,155	415	740
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	980	475	500
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	3,200	1,670	1,525	124,800	62,155	62,655
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	35	20	15	1,920	965	950
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	30	15	15	1,765	895	870
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	10	800	400	400
Métis	20	15	10	960	495	465
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	75	40	40
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	75	30	45
Non-Aboriginal identity	3,165	1,655	1,510	122,885	61,185	61,700
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	3,195	1,670	1,525	124,805	62,155	62,655
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	0	15	415	185	225
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,185	1,675	1,510	124,390	61,965	62,425
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	3,200	1,670	1,525	124,805	62,155	62,650
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	35	25	15	1,525	715	810
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	35	25	15	1,510	705	810
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	20	10	15	1,205	550	660
Métis single ancestry	15	10	0	295	155	140
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	100	60	45	4,715	2,360	2,360
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	100	55	45	4,650	2,315	2,330
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	45	40	4,100	2,010	2,090
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	500	280	220
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	45	20	20
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	70	40	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	70	40	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	3,060	1,595	1,470	118,565	59,080	59,480
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	3,200	1,670	1,525	124,805	62,155	62,650
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	45	20	25	3,280	1,560	1,715
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	155	75	80
Chinese	0	0	0	220	85	140
Black	15	10	0	1,110	600	515
Filipino	0	0	0	45	10	30
Latin American	0	0	0	875	375	495
Arab	20	10	15	440	210	230
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	260	130	125
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	55	40	15
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	70	20	45
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	3,155	1,650	1,505	121,525	60,590	60,935
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	3,195	1,670	1,525	124,805	62,150	62,650
North American Aboriginal origins	135	75	55	6,240	3,070	3,170
First Nations (North American Indian)	105	50	55	5,395	2,610	2,790
Inuit	0	0	0	55	25	30
Métis	30	25	0	875	485	385
Other North American origins	2,700	1,420	1,285	94,515	46,650	47,865
Acadian	0	0	0	590	255	330
American	20	10	15	545	240	305
Canadian	2,615	1,365	1,255	90,145	44,435	45,710
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ontarian	10	0	0	45	20	20
Québécois	115	80	40	4,285	2,240	2,045
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	900	465	435	44,130	22,355	21,770
British Isles origins	135	65	70	10,565	5,240	5,325
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	10	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	15	10	10	2,335	1,195	1,145
Irish	100	40	60	7,380	3,600	3,775
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	25	15	10	2,180	1,060	1,120
Welsh	0	0	0	25	15	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	185	75	115
French origins	680	370	310	31,885	16,340	15,550
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	220	100	120
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	675	365	310	31,755	16,270	15,490
Western European origins (except French origins)	105	45	60	3,310	1,615	1,695
Austrian	0	0	0	75	35	40
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belgian	50	15	35	1,035	455	580
Dutch	0	0	0	265	130	140
Flemish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	40	20	20	1,825	915	915
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swiss	15	10	0	255	160	100
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10	0	10	225	130	100
Danish	10	0	10	30	15	15
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	10	0	70	30	40
Swedish	0	0	0	55	25	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	60	50	10
Eastern European origins	35	20	10	1,700	845	855
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	35	20	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	20	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	190	95	100
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	0	680	360	315
Romanian	0	0	0	170	75	100
Russian	0	0	0	285	160	120
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ukrainian	15	10	0	385	170	220
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	95	45	45	5,035	2,520	2,510
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	365	185	185
Italian	55	20	30	3,270	1,700	1,575
Kosovar	0	0	0	65	40	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	30	20	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	10	15	535	260	275
Serbian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	35	0	20
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Spanish	10	0	0	780	320	455
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins	15	15	0	250	130	120
Basque	0	0	0	30	15	15
Jewish	0	0	0	30	15	20
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	10	0	185	100	85
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	865	410	455
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	130	45	80
Dominican	0	0	0	55	25	35
Grenadian	0	0	0	30	0	20
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haitian	0	0	0	500	235	270
Jamaican	0	0	0	50	40	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	35	30	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	15	15	0	1,230	570	655
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	55	25	30
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Chilean	0	0	0	115	60	55
Colombian	0	0	0	525	245	285
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	50	25	20
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexican	10	10	0	165	85	80
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Panamanian	0	0	0	30	0	20
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	10	45	25	20
Salvadorean	0	0	0	80	55	25
Uruguayan	0	0	0	35	10	25
Venezuelan	0	0	0	60	30	30
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	40	20	15
African origins	40	20	20	1,155	605	550
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	325	185	140
Akan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	35	30	10
Cameroonian	10	10	0	20	25	0
Chadian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Congolese	0	0	0	100	60	45
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malinké	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	15	10	10
Senegalese	0	0	0	40	15	25
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	15	10	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins	20	0	10	530	275	255
Algerian	20	10	15	145	65	80
Berber	0	0	0	20	0	25
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	95	70	20
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	230	115	115
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	35	15	20
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	115	55	60
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	15	0	10	205	95	110
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	15	10	10	165	80	80
Asian origins	15	0	15	1,520	705	820
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	15	0	15	700	340	355
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	135	50	85
Armenian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	70	40	25
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	0	10	295	140	160
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	10	115	45	70
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	25	15	0
Turk	0	0	0	50	40	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	190	105	85
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	45	25	15
East Indian	0	0	0	55	25	25
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	65	30	30
Pakistani	0	0	0	30	20	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	620	250	370
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	90	50	40
Chinese	0	0	0	265	85	185
Filipino	0	0	0	45	10	35
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Laotian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	40	15	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	145	65	80
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	20	10	10
Australian	0	0	0	10	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,235	...	...	55,010	...	...
Owner	1,055	...	...	36,560	...	...
Renter	180	...	...	18,455	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,235	...	...	55,010	...	...
Condominium	20	...	...	4,830	...	...
Not condominium	1,210	...	...	50,180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,235	...	...	55,010	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	170	...	...
1 bedroom	90	...	...	8,350	...	...
2 bedrooms	325	...	...	18,030	...	...
3 bedrooms	485	...	...	19,440	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	330	...	...	9,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,230	...	...	55,010	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	205	...	...	18,435	...	...
5 rooms	225	...	...	9,755	...	...
6 rooms	195	...	...	6,995	...	...
7 rooms	200	...	...	6,725	...	...
8 or more rooms	410	...	...	13,100	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,230	...	...	55,005	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,225	...	...	54,820	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,230	...	...	55,010	...	...
Suitable	1,180	...	...	53,595	...	...
Not suitable	50	...	...	1,410	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,235	...	...	55,010	...	...
1960 or before	215	...	...	7,195	...	...
1961 to 1980	405	...	...	13,565	...	...
1981 to 1990	175	...	...	7,405	...	...
1991 to 2000	205	...	...	8,030	...	...
2001 to 2005	95	...	...	4,995	...	...
2006 to 2010	85	...	...	7,125	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	55	...	...	6,695	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,235	...	...	55,010	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,115	...	...	52,280	...	...
Major repairs needed	115	...	...	2,730	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,235	...	...	55,010	...	...
1 household maintainer	735	...	...	33,545	...	...
2 household maintainers	485	...	...	20,870	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	15	...	...	595	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,235	...	...	55,010	...	...
15 to 24 years	20	...	...	1,960	...	...
25 to 34 years	215	...	...	8,065	...	...
35 to 44 years	220	...	...	9,430	...	...
45 to 54 years	255	...	...	11,230	...	...
55 to 64 years	305	...	...	11,515	...	...
65 to 74 years	135	...	...	8,105	...	...
75 to 84 years	60	...	...	3,755	...	...
85 years and over	20	...	...	950	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,215	...	...	54,890	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	975	...	...	41,805	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	235	...	...	13,090	...	...
30% to less than 100%	180	...	...	12,025	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,040	...	...	36,495	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	65.4	...	...	72.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	19.2	...	...	15.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,077	...	...	1,109	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,050	...	...	1,124	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	229,889	...	...	234,533	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	242,238	...	...	254,522	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	175	...	...	18,450	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	6.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	22.9	...	...	40.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	811	...	...	723	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	746	...	...	772	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,610	1,375	1,235	103,060	50,940	52,125
No certificate, diploma or degree	700	385	315	23,635	12,565	11,070
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	550	260	285	23,850	11,255	12,595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,360	725	630	55,575	27,115	28,455
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	685	455	225	22,990	13,890	9,100
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	485	275	205	16,780	8,755	8,025
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	200	180	20	6,210	5,130	1,080
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	395	160	230	17,895	7,410	10,485
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	15	25	3,345	1,260	2,085
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	240	85	150	11,340	4,555	6,790
Bachelor's degree	190	70	120	8,255	3,250	5,005
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	1,005	395	610
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	250	105	140
Master's degree	25	10	15	1,650	690	960
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	10	10	180	115	65
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,835	955	885	69,650	34,745	34,910
No certificate, diploma or degree	345	210	135	11,815	6,850	4,960
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	325	145	175	14,090	6,855	7,240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,170	595	570	43,750	21,040	22,710
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	600	385	215	18,315	10,945	7,370
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	415	220	200	13,505	6,975	6,530
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	185	170	20	4,810	3,970	840
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	310	120	190	13,650	5,680	7,975
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	15	20	2,460	950	1,505
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	220	75	145	9,320	3,465	5,855
Bachelor's degree	175	65	115	6,865	2,540	4,335
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	810	295	515
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	205	65	135
Master's degree	25	10	15	1,315	495	815
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	130	65	65
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,610	1,370	1,235	103,060	50,940	52,120
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,250	645	600	47,485	23,820	23,665
Education	75	20	55	4,325	1,000	3,325
13. Education	70	20	55	4,320	1,000	3,325
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	10	20	1,790	815	975
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	10	300	225	75
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	15	1,495	595	900
Humanities	50	20	35	2,360	915	1,440
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	255	45	210
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	30	0	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	15	30	1,520	615	900
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	75	40	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	10	115	60	55
54. History	0	0	0	90	70	25
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	275	80	190
Social and behavioural sciences and law	95	10	85	3,785	750	3,030
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	405	110	295
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	0	55	1,280	60	1,220
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	625	190	430
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	125	0	120
42. Psychology	10	0	10	660	125	535
45. Social sciences	0	10	0	675	255	420
Business, management and public administration	265	75	185	11,410	3,745	7,665
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	10	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	10	10	705	145	560
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	255	70	185	10,685	3,595	7,085
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	20	10	1,175	645	535
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	350	135	220
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	240	155	80
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	210	95	110
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	290	225	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	85	30	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	20	10	1,465	920	545
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	20	0	1,245	870	370
25. Library science	0	0	10	165	10	155
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	50	30	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	410	390	25	14,255	13,210	1,045
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	10	290	170	120
14. Engineering	15	15	0	995	870	130
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	65	50	15	2,835	2,465	375
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	120	125	0	4,060	3,935	125
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	120	125	0	3,650	3,480	170
48. Precision production	75	75	0	2,420	2,285	135
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	35	10	925	515	410
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	30	30	0	610	250	365
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	315	270	45
Health and related fields	190	40	155	7,620	1,125	6,490
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	415	235	175
51. Health professions and related programs	185	30	150	7,180	870	6,305
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	30	20	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	160	95	65	6,450	3,460	2,985
12. Personal and culinary services	55	10	50	3,105	665	2,445
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	45	40	10	1,340	1,005	340
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	45	0	1,985	1,780	205
Other	0	0	0	15	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	15	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,840	955	885	69,650	34,745	34,905
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	670	360	315	25,905	13,705	12,200
Education	50	15	40	3,230	685	2,545
13. Education	55	15	40	3,230	685	2,550
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	10	20	1,300	585	715
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	10	230	165	65
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	15	1,070	425	650
Humanities	25	10	15	1,580	600	980
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	195	35	155
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	25	10	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	10	10	1,035	430	610
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	30	20	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	45	10	30
54. History	0	0	0	55	40	15
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	195	55	140
Social and behavioural sciences and law	75	0	70	3,070	520	2,550
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	10	285	60	230
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40	1,065	30	1,030
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	15	500	135	370
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	60	10	55
42. Psychology	10	0	0	585	95	490
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	560	200	360
Business, management and public administration	230	55	180	9,105	2,870	6,235
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	590	115	480
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	230	50	175	8,505	2,755	5,745
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	20	10	810	450	360
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	300	105	190
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	165	105	60
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	40	30	10
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	235	175	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	65	30	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	15	0	1,305	820	485
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	10	0	1,125	780	340
25. Library science	10	0	10	140	10	130
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	30	20	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	345	325	20	11,235	10,330	905
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	265	155	110
14. Engineering	10	10	0	850	725	120
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	40	25	15	2,260	1,950	310
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	100	100	0	3,105	2,995	110
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	110	110	0	2,840	2,700	140
48. Precision production	70	70	0	1,925	1,810	110
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	25	0	770	415	355
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	20	0	490	170	315
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	285	250	40
Health and related fields	185	35	150	6,110	895	5,210
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	10	325	180	150
51. Health professions and related programs	175	30	140	5,760	715	5,045
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	20	10	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	150	90	60	5,215	2,855	2,360
12. Personal and culinary services	50	10	45	2,370	485	1,885
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	40	35	10	1,120	825	300
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	45	10	1,720	1,540	180
Other	0	0	0	15	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	10	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,610	1,370	1,235	103,060	50,940	52,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,250	645	600	47,485	23,820	23,660
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,355	725	630	55,575	27,115	28,460
Location of study inside Canada	1,325	705	620	54,325	26,470	27,860
Same as province or territory of residence	1,320	700	615	53,570	26,040	27,535
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	755	430	320
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	35	20	15	1,250	650	605
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	15	15	0	115	75	40
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	15
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	20	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	10
France	15	10	10	480	300	180
Other	0	0	10	620	260	360
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,835	955	885	69,650	34,740	34,910
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	670	360	315	25,905	13,705	12,200
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,170	595	575	43,745	21,035	22,710
Location of study inside Canada	1,135	580	555	42,785	20,600	22,180
Same as province or territory of residence	1,135	575	555	42,265	20,325	21,935
Different than province or territory of residence	10	0	0	520	275	245
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	30	10	10	960	435	530
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	10	0	65	30	35
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	15
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	15	10	10	345	200	145
Other	10	0	10	525	200	325
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	2,610	1,370	1,235	103,060	50,935	52,120
In the labour force	1,765	1,005	765	67,465	35,280	32,180
Employed	1,645	920	720	62,845	32,610	30,235
Unemployed	125	80	40	4,620	2,670	1,950
Not in the labour force	845	370	475	35,600	15,655	19,940
Participation rate	67.6	73.4	61.9	65.5	69.3	61.7
Employment rate	63.0	67.2	58.3	61.0	64.0	58.0
Unemployment rate	7.1	8.0	5.2	6.8	7.6	6.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	2,605	1,370	1,240	103,060	50,940	52,125
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	765	320	440	33,810	14,820	18,990
Worked	1,845	1,050	790	69,250	36,120	33,130
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	780	450	325	32,155	17,850	14,310
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,070	600	470	37,090	18,270	18,820
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.8	42.5	43.2	42.8	43.0	42.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,765	1,005	765	67,460	35,280	32,180
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	10	15	1,560	885	670
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,740	990	745	65,905	34,395	31,510
Employee	1,470	790	675	57,095	28,940	28,150
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	270	195	75	8,810	5,455	3,355
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,765	1,000	765	67,465	35,280	32,185
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	10	20	1,555	885	670
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,740	990	745	65,905	34,395	31,510
0 Management occupations	130	95	35	5,890	3,750	2,145
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	195	60	135	9,150	2,425	6,725
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	80	60	25	3,580	2,725	855
3 Health occupations	125	15	110	4,890	640	4,250
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	195	40	160	7,730	2,095	5,635
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	10	10	1,375	650	725
6 Sales and service occupations	330	115	210	16,000	6,660	9,335
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	515	495	20	12,715	11,950	765
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	35	25	10	820	690	130
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	120	80	40	3,755	2,805	955
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,765	1,000	765	67,460	35,280	32,180
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	10	20	1,560	885	675
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,740	990	750	65,905	34,395	31,510
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	45	30	15	595	390	205
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	10	0	130	120	15
22 Utilities	0	0	0	630	460	170
23 Construction	275	260	15	6,655	5,755	900
31-33 Manufacturing	205	150	55	8,085	5,965	2,115
41 Wholesale trade	70	60	10	2,395	1,650	745
44-45 Retail trade	240	90	150	9,330	4,320	5,010
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	120	80	35	3,415	2,565	855
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	10	800	470	335
52 Finance and insurance	20	0	10	1,405	485	920
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	20	0	865	515	350
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	100	35	70	3,305	1,735	1,565
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	25	10	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	70	50	25	3,075	1,895	1,185
61 Educational services	90	25	65	4,475	1,200	3,275
62 Health care and social assistance	230	25	205	8,805	1,305	7,505
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	30	20	10	1,265	645	620
72 Accommodation and food services	50	10	40	4,380	1,690	2,685
81 Other services (except public administration)	100	80	20	3,115	1,465	1,650
91 Public administration	60	40	20	3,160	1,755	1,410
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,640	920	720	62,845	32,615	30,235
Worked at home	135	75	60	4,225	2,100	2,125
Worked outside Canada	10	10	10	110	90	20
No fixed workplace address	260	215	50	7,780	6,135	1,640
Worked at usual place	1,235	625	610	50,735	24,285	26,445
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,240	625	610	50,735	24,290	26,450
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	60	45	20	15,900	6,545	9,355
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	425	165	260	8,120	3,175	4,940
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	750	420	325	26,590	14,485	12,110
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	10	125	85	45
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,500	845	660	58,510	30,420	28,090
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,415	790	625	52,070	27,480	24,580
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	55	40	15	2,235	915	1,320
Public transit	10	10	0	1,535	660	870
Walked	10	10	10	1,935	875	1,060
Bicycle	0	0	0	230	160	65
Other method	10	0	10	515	320	195
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,500	845	655	58,510	30,425	28,090
Less than 15 minutes	225	125	95	14,950	6,615	8,335
15 to 29 minutes	485	220	265	18,695	8,695	9,995
30 to 44 minutes	415	230	180	11,590	6,400	5,190
45 to 59 minutes	195	135	60	6,420	4,230	2,190
60 minutes and over	180	125	55	6,860	4,485	2,380
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,505	845	660	58,510	30,425	28,090
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	210	175	35	7,245	5,550	1,690
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	310	210	95	11,055	6,900	4,155
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	325	160	165	15,435	6,675	8,760
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	215	80	140	9,375	3,315	6,060
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	150	55	95	5,170	1,900	3,270
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	300	170	130	10,230	6,085	4,145
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,905	1,090	825	71,365	37,160	34,205
Single responses	1,850	1,055	795	68,160	35,320	32,840
Official languages	1,855	1,055	795	68,105	35,290	32,810
English	25	15	10	2,180	1,370	810
French	1,825	1,040	785	65,925	33,920	32,005
Non-official languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	55	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	20	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	25	25	3,205	1,835	1,365
English and French	55	30	25	3,120	1,785	1,335
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	15	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	30	20
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,910	1,085	820	71,365	37,160	34,205
None	1,625	915	705	53,365	27,005	26,355
English	270	160	110	16,090	8,990	7,105
French	15	10	0	1,625	1,015	610
Non-official language	10	0	0	175	95	75
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	10	0	170	95	75
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	110	60	45
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	3,165	1,655	1,515	123,305	61,360	61,945
Non-movers	2,875	1,510	1,365	107,425	53,740	53,685
Movers	290	145	150	15,880	7,620	8,260
Non-migrants	100	50	50	6,875	3,300	3,575
Migrants	190	100	100	9,010	4,325	4,685
Internal migrants	195	95	100	8,850	4,255	4,590
Intraprovincial migrants	195	95	100	8,765	4,200	4,565
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	80	50	30
External migrants	0	0	0	155	70	90
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	2,980	1,570	1,415	117,290	58,335	58,955
Non-movers	2,235	1,215	1,015	68,710	34,685	34,025
Movers	750	350	400	48,580	23,650	24,930
Non-migrants	285	120	160	20,340	9,800	10,545
Migrants	465	230	235	28,240	13,850	14,390
Internal migrants	450	225	225	27,580	13,545	14,035
Intraprovincial migrants	450	225	230	27,195	13,350	13,850
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	390	200	185
External migrants	15	10	10	660	305	355

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. L'Épiphanie, PE [Census subdivision], Quebec and La Rivière-du-Nord, MRC [Census division], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 19, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
L'Épiphanie, Paroisse (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec and La Rivière-du-Nord, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census L'Épiphanie, Paroisse (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec and La Rivière-du-Nord, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
L'Épiphanie, Paroisse (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec and La Rivière-du-Nord, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec