Census Profile, 2016 Census
Markham, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Canada [Country]

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic Markham, CY
Ontario
[Census subdivision]
Canada

[Country]
Data quality , Markham, City [Census subdivision], Ontario  Map : Markham, City [Census subdivision], Ontario
Change geography 1
Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2
Change geography 2
Total Male Female Total Male Female
Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1 328,966 ... ... 35,151,728 ... ...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1 301,709 ... ... 33,476,688 ... ...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016 9.0 ... ... 5.0 ... ...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2 106,131 ... ... 15,412,443 ... ...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3 102,676 ... ... 14,072,079 ... ...
Population density per square kilometre 1,549.2 ... ... 3.9 ... ...
Land area in square kilometres 212.35 ... ... 8,965,588.85 ... ...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4 328,965 160,185 168,780 35,151,730 17,264,200 17,887,530
0 to 14 years 55,390 28,570 26,815 5,839,565 2,992,920 2,846,645
0 to 4 years 17,085 8,715 8,370 1,898,790 973,030 925,760
5 to 9 years 19,085 9,905 9,180 2,018,130 1,034,685 983,445
10 to 14 years 19,220 9,950 9,270 1,922,645 985,200 937,445
15 to 64 years 223,655 108,230 115,420 23,376,530 11,576,130 11,800,400
15 to 19 years 21,095 10,910 10,185 2,026,160 1,039,215 986,940
20 to 24 years 21,455 11,225 10,230 2,242,690 1,144,495 1,098,200
25 to 29 years 21,170 10,705 10,460 2,285,990 1,144,470 1,141,515
30 to 34 years 20,385 9,840 10,550 2,329,395 1,148,290 1,181,110
35 to 39 years 20,345 9,305 11,035 2,288,365 1,118,635 1,169,730
40 to 44 years 23,535 10,785 12,745 2,255,135 1,104,440 1,150,695
45 to 49 years 24,860 11,650 13,210 2,359,965 1,157,760 1,202,210
50 to 54 years 25,980 12,400 13,580 2,678,075 1,318,755 1,359,320
55 to 59 years 23,510 11,235 12,270 2,620,240 1,285,190 1,335,055
60 to 64 years 21,325 10,175 11,150 2,290,510 1,114,885 1,175,630
65 years and over 49,920 23,380 26,540 5,935,630 2,695,150 3,240,485
65 to 69 years 18,215 8,835 9,380 1,972,480 953,075 1,019,405
70 to 74 years 11,865 5,710 6,150 1,420,875 677,975 742,900
75 to 79 years 8,645 4,130 4,510 1,021,850 469,550 552,300
80 to 84 years 5,885 2,685 3,195 749,650 325,765 423,880
85 years and over 5,320 2,020 3,300 770,780 268,790 501,990
85 to 89 years 3,395 1,370 2,025 482,525 185,535 296,990
90 to 94 years 1,475 505 965 223,510 68,675 154,835
95 to 99 years 390 120 270 56,525 13,240 43,280
100 years and over 60 15 40 8,230 1,340 6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
0 to 14 years 16.8 17.8 15.9 16.6 17.3 15.9
15 to 64 years 68.0 67.6 68.4 66.5 67.1 66.0
65 years and over 15.2 14.6 15.7 16.9 15.6 18.1
85 years and over 1.6 1.3 2.0 2.2 1.6 2.8
Average age of the population 40.2 39.3 41.1 41.0 40.1 41.9
Median age of the population 41.1 39.8 42.1 41.2 40.2 42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5 102,675 ... ... 14,072,080 ... ...
Single-detached house 60,890 ... ... 7,541,495 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys 13,755 ... ... 1,391,040 ... ...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6 28,025 ... ... 4,949,795 ... ...
Semi-detached house 6,515 ... ... 698,800 ... ...
Row house 13,970 ... ... 891,305 ... ...
Apartment or flat in a duplex 5,875 ... ... 784,300 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys 1,655 ... ... 2,539,390 ... ...
Other single-attached house 10 ... ... 36,005 ... ...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7 5 ... ... 189,755 ... ...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8 102,675 ... ... 14,072,080 ... ...
1 person 13,790 ... ... 3,969,790 ... ...
2 persons 25,955 ... ... 4,834,605 ... ...
3 persons 21,540 ... ... 2,140,640 ... ...
4 persons 23,450 ... ... 1,946,275 ... ...
5 or more persons 17,940 ... ... 1,180,770 ... ...
Number of persons in private households 327,400 ... ... 34,460,060 ... ...
Average household size 3.2 ... ... 2.4 ... ...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9 273,575 131,615 141,965 29,312,160 14,271,280 15,040,885
Married or living common law 170,415 84,750 85,665 16,893,720 8,452,135 8,441,585
Married 162,185 80,645 81,535 13,383,455 6,693,465 6,689,990
Living common law 8,230 4,105 4,125 3,510,265 1,758,670 1,751,590
Not married and not living common law 103,160 46,865 56,295 12,418,440 5,819,140 6,599,300
Never married 73,855 38,935 34,915 8,254,340 4,444,425 3,809,915
Separated 4,790 1,760 3,025 718,295 309,905 408,400
Divorced 12,235 4,055 8,185 1,816,005 725,535 1,090,470
Widowed 12,280 2,115 10,165 1,629,800 339,280 1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10 95,480 ... ... 9,840,730 ... ...
2 persons 35,780 ... ... 5,007,790 ... ...
3 persons 25,420 ... ... 2,107,830 ... ...
4 persons 26,175 ... ... 1,909,935 ... ...
5 or more persons 8,095 ... ... 815,170 ... ...
Average size of census families 3.1 ... ... 2.9 ... ...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11 95,480 ... ... 9,840,730 ... ...
Total couple families 82,340 ... ... 8,227,925 ... ...
Married couples 78,225 ... ... 6,474,005 ... ...
Common-law couples 4,115 ... ... 1,753,920 ... ...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent 13,145 ... ... 1,612,805 ... ...
Female parent 10,700 ... ... 1,262,340 ... ...
Male parent 2,445 ... ... 350,465 ... ...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data 82,335 ... ... 8,227,925 ... ...
Couples without children 27,935 ... ... 4,024,305 ... ...
Couples with children 54,400 ... ... 4,203,615 ... ...
1 child 21,305 ... ... 1,650,165 ... ...
2 children 25,220 ... ... 1,783,080 ... ...
3 or more children 7,880 ... ... 770,375 ... ...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data 13,140 ... ... 1,612,805 ... ...
1 child 7,845 ... ... 983,485 ... ...
2 children 4,115 ... ... 457,670 ... ...
3 or more children 1,180 ... ... 171,655 ... ...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data 32,640 13,180 19,460 6,107,260 2,941,395 3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12 102,675 ... ... 14,072,075 ... ...
One-census-family households 78,515 ... ... 9,218,225 ... ...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13 20,915 ... ... 3,782,095 ... ...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14 57,600 ... ... 5,436,135 ... ...
Multiple-census-family households 8,165 ... ... 301,715 ... ...
Non-census-family households 16,000 ... ... 4,552,135 ... ...
One-person households 13,790 ... ... 3,969,790 ... ...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households 2,210 ... ... 582,350 ... ...
Knowledge of official languagesThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15 327,785 159,850 167,930 34,767,255 17,101,170 17,666,080
English only 275,720 137,435 138,280 23,757,525 11,838,075 11,919,455
French only 125 50 70 4,144,685 1,925,845 2,218,840
English and French 19,155 8,335 10,820 6,216,065 3,071,325 3,144,740
Neither English nor French 32,795 14,035 18,760 648,970 265,920 383,045
First official language spokenThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16 327,790 159,850 167,935 34,767,250 17,101,165 17,666,085
English 290,225 143,645 146,580 26,007,500 12,852,330 13,155,165
French 2,180 1,000 1,180 7,705,755 3,780,105 3,925,650
English and French 2,995 1,360 1,635 417,485 209,130 208,355
Neither English nor French 32,385 13,855 18,540 636,515 259,600 376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17 3,675 1,675 2,000 7,914,495 3,884,670 4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17 1.1 1.0 1.2 22.8 22.7 22.8
Mother tongueThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18 327,785 159,850 167,935 34,767,255 17,101,170 17,666,085
Single responses 313,580 152,945 160,630 33,948,620 16,702,840 17,245,775
Official languages 116,085 58,910 57,170 26,627,555 13,201,620 13,425,940
English 114,200 58,060 56,140 19,460,850 9,680,125 9,780,725
French 1,880 845 1,035 7,166,705 3,521,495 3,645,215
Non-official languages 197,500 94,035 103,460 7,321,065 3,501,220 3,819,840
Aboriginal languages 5 0 5 195,700 94,795 100,900
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 130,450 62,930 67,520
Blackfoot 0 0 0 2,815 1,325 1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 88,445 42,920 45,530
Atikamekw 0 0 0 6,150 3,135 3,015
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 10,230 4,885 5,350
Moose Cree 0 0 0 100 50 55
Naskapi 0 0 0 1,205 590 620
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 315 125 190
Plains Cree 0 0 0 3,065 1,360 1,710
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 45 20 25
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 1,440 585 850
Woods Cree 0 0 0 1,840 865 975
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 64,050 31,305 32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 6,990 3,310 3,680
Malecite 0 0 0 305 140 160
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 6,690 3,170 3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 32,150 15,350 16,800
Algonquin 0 0 0 1,260 590 670
Ojibway 0 0 0 17,890 8,440 9,450
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 12,855 6,260 6,595
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 150 65 85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 45 25 20
Athabaskan languages 5 5 0 17,365 8,325 9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages 5 0 5 17,315 8,310 9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 110 55 60
Beaver 0 0 0 190 85 105
Carrier 0 0 0 1,025 465 565
Chilcotin 0 0 0 660 295 360
Dene 0 0 0 10,700 5,185 5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 1,645 840 815
Gwich'in 0 0 0 260 110 145
Sarsi (Sarcee) 5 0 0 80 25 50
Sekani 0 0 0 90 45 45
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 1,995 950 1,045
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 765 365 400
South Slavey 0 0 0 945 455 495
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 280 130 150
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 270 135 140
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 180 90 90
Tahltan 0 0 0 95 40 50
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 290 120 170
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 215 90 135
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 70 30 40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 50 20 35
Haida 0 0 0 75 35 40
Inuit languages 0 0 0 36,545 18,100 18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 1,025 445 575
Inuktitut 0 0 0 35,215 17,530 17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 315 125 185
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 1,115 485 635
Cayuga 0 0 0 45 20 20
Mohawk 0 0 0 980 430 555
Oneida 0 0 0 55 20 40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 35 15 20
Kutenai 0 0 0 105 55 55
Michif 0 0 0 465 230 235
Salish languages 0 0 0 2,305 1,130 1,180
Comox 0 0 0 80 45 40
Halkomelem 0 0 0 475 225 245
Lillooet 0 0 0 315 155 155
Okanagan 0 0 0 270 135 135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 445 225 220
Squamish 0 0 0 40 20 20
Straits 0 0 0 80 40 40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 335 150 185
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 255 135 125
Siouan languages 0 0 0 4,285 2,070 2,220
Dakota 0 0 0 1,215 570 635
Stoney 0 0 0 3,025 1,465 1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 55 30 25
Tlingit 0 0 0 95 40 55
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 1,480 730 755
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 880 435 445
Nisga'a 0 0 0 400 200 200
Tsimshian 0 0 0 200 90 110
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 805 370 435
Haisla 0 0 0 90 40 50
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 95 40 55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 325 145 185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 285 135 140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 5 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 585 295 295
Non-Aboriginal languages 197,490 94,035 103,455 7,125,365 3,406,425 3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages 3,350 1,645 1,705 575,365 298,060 277,300
Berber languages 5 5 0 22,135 11,865 10,270
Kabyle 0 0 0 13,150 6,995 6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 8,985 4,865 4,115
Cushitic languages 140 60 75 42,885 20,095 22,790
Bilen 0 0 0 805 455 350
Oromo 10 5 0 4,960 2,560 2,400
Somali 130 55 75 36,755 16,895 19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 365 195 170
Semitic languages 3,210 1,580 1,625 509,190 265,465 243,725
Amharic 55 25 30 22,465 10,720 11,745
Arabic 2,720 1,345 1,370 419,890 220,785 199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 15 10 5 16,070 7,910 8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 5 0 0 5,545 2,780 2,770
Harari 40 20 25 1,320 635 685
Hebrew 305 145 160 19,530 10,480 9,045
Maltese 45 20 25 5,565 2,765 2,800
Tigrigna 20 10 5 16,650 8,310 8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 10 5 5 2,155 1,085 1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 1,155 635 520
Austro-Asiatic languages 1,170 525 640 176,725 81,810 94,920
Khmer (Cambodian) 45 20 25 20,130 9,270 10,860
Vietnamese 1,125 510 615 156,425 72,470 83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 5 170 65 100
Austronesian languages 5,515 2,170 3,345 511,480 211,580 299,900
Bikol 15 10 5 1,790 790 1,000
Cebuano 150 50 100 19,890 7,930 11,960
Fijian 5 0 5 745 400 345
Hiligaynon 70 25 45 6,885 2,680 4,205
Ilocano 215 80 135 26,345 10,620 15,720
Malagasy 0 0 0 1,430 665 760
Malay 335 155 185 12,275 5,255 7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 40 15 25 4,040 1,865 2,175
Pangasinan 10 5 5 1,390 590 800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 4,640 1,815 2,825 431,380 178,575 252,810
Waray-Waray 10 5 5 1,110 430 675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 20 10 15 4,195 1,770 2,425
Creole languages 215 115 100 72,125 32,310 39,820
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 3,030 1,445 1,590
Creole, n.o.s. 165 80 85 64,105 28,455 35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e. 55 30 20 4,985 2,410 2,575
Dravidian languages 15,620 7,510 8,115 189,405 94,765 94,640
Kannada 85 45 40 3,970 2,040 1,935
Malayalam 575 285 290 28,570 14,770 13,800
Tamil 14,625 7,015 7,610 140,720 69,080 71,640
Telugu 330 160 175 15,655 8,640 7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 10 5 0 490 240 250
Hmong-Mien languages 5 0 0 795 395 405
Indo-European languages 44,775 21,825 22,950 3,877,330 1,889,400 1,987,930
Albanian 100 50 45 26,890 13,610 13,285
Armenian 1,355 675 680 33,455 16,270 17,185
Balto-Slavic languages 5,030 2,340 2,685 701,975 323,640 378,340
Baltic languages 110 50 65 12,530 5,315 7,215
Latvian 60 25 40 5,455 2,350 3,105
Lithuanian 50 20 30 7,075 2,965 4,115
Slavic languages 4,915 2,290 2,620 689,450 318,325 371,115
Belarusan 10 5 5 810 385 430
Bosnian 25 10 15 12,210 6,035 6,180
Bulgarian 155 75 85 20,025 9,675 10,345
Croatian 100 45 55 48,200 23,540 24,665
Czech 80 40 40 22,290 10,525 11,765
Macedonian 1,185 580 605 16,775 8,050 8,725
Polish 605 270 330 181,710 82,435 99,275
Russian 1,995 880 1,115 188,255 85,400 102,855
Serbian 340 185 160 57,350 28,535 28,815
Serbo-Croatian 30 15 15 9,555 4,565 4,985
Slovak 80 35 45 17,580 8,075 9,510
Slovene (Slovenian) 65 35 35 9,790 4,415 5,370
Ukrainian 230 110 120 102,485 45,440 57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 10 5 10 2,415 1,255 1,165
Celtic languages 15 5 5 2,690 1,335 1,360
Scottish Gaelic 5 0 0 1,090 540 550
Welsh 10 0 0 1,075 495 575
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 5 0 0 530 295 235
Germanic languages 1,455 695 760 538,765 258,410 280,350
Afrikaans 35 15 20 10,265 5,115 5,145
Danish 50 35 15 12,630 6,245 6,390
Dutch 245 120 125 99,020 48,200 50,820
Frisian 5 0 0 2,100 1,095 1,005
German 930 435 495 384,035 183,215 200,820
Icelandic 0 0 0 1,285 600 685
Norwegian 10 5 5 4,615 2,170 2,445
Swedish 35 20 15 6,840 3,015 3,825
Vlaams (Flemish) 5 0 5 3,895 1,730 2,165
Yiddish 145 65 80 13,555 6,750 6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 5 0 525 280 240
Greek 2,455 1,210 1,240 106,525 53,350 53,170
Indo-Iranian languages 26,935 13,240 13,695 1,312,750 664,120 648,630
Indo-Aryan languages 19,155 9,370 9,785 1,064,760 538,530 526,235
Bengali 655 330 325 73,125 37,410 35,720
Gujarati 4,510 2,185 2,325 108,780 55,105 53,670
Hindi 2,415 1,175 1,245 110,640 55,880 54,765
Kashmiri 15 5 10 565 300 265
Konkani 95 35 55 3,330 1,625 1,710
Marathi 230 110 120 8,295 4,300 3,995
Nepali 50 20 25 18,275 9,230 9,045
Oriya (Odia) 15 5 10 1,055 560 495
Punjabi (Panjabi) 3,780 1,860 1,915 501,680 253,515 248,160
Sindhi 655 310 345 11,860 5,605 6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 360 160 200 16,335 8,050 8,285
Urdu 6,380 3,170 3,210 210,815 106,960 103,860
Iranian languages 7,695 3,825 3,870 242,805 122,835 119,970
Kurdish 85 45 40 11,705 6,345 5,355
Pashto 330 160 175 16,910 8,760 8,145
Persian (Farsi) 7,285 3,620 3,660 214,200 107,725 106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 85 45 40 5,180 2,755 2,425
Italic (Romance) languages 7,430 3,600 3,830 1,154,270 558,660 595,615
Catalan 10 0 10 865 440 425
Italian 3,690 1,800 1,885 375,635 184,415 191,220
Portuguese 695 330 365 221,540 106,630 114,910
Romanian 945 470 475 96,665 46,195 50,470
Spanish 2,085 990 1,090 458,850 220,605 238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 10 5 5 720 380 340
Japanese 435 160 270 43,640 14,790 28,855
Kartvelian languages 40 25 15 1,715 910 805
Georgian 40 25 15 1,715 910 805
Korean 3,230 1,520 1,715 153,425 70,310 83,115
Mongolic languages 10 5 5 1,575 690 885
Mongolian 10 5 5 1,575 690 880
Niger-Congo languages 295 135 165 91,375 45,075 46,305
Akan (Twi) 70 25 35 13,455 6,490 6,970
Bamanankan 0 0 0 1,535 815 720
Edo 10 10 5 1,670 770 900
Ewe 0 5 0 1,760 950 805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 5 0 2,825 1,495 1,335
Ga 5 5 0 920 445 470
Ganda 0 0 0 1,295 625 665
Igbo 35 15 20 4,235 2,265 1,970
Lingala 5 5 5 3,810 1,785 2,025
Rundi (Kirundi) 5 0 0 5,845 2,785 3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 10 0 5 5,250 2,355 2,895
Shona 10 0 10 3,180 1,520 1,665
Swahili 75 35 45 13,370 6,385 6,990
Wolof 0 0 5 3,990 2,170 1,820
Yoruba 30 15 15 9,085 4,785 4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 35 20 20 19,135 9,435 9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages 10 0 5 5,870 3,025 2,845
Dinka 0 0 0 2,120 1,115 1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 10 0 0 3,755 1,910 1,840
Sign languages 55 30 25 7,500 3,925 3,575
American Sign Language 5 5 0 2,685 1,320 1,360
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 695 340 355
Sign languages, n.i.e 45 25 25 4,120 2,265 1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages 121,410 57,720 63,690 1,269,215 589,570 679,645
Chinese languages 121,315 57,670 63,645 1,253,360 581,650 671,715
Cantonese 72,620 34,645 37,975 565,270 262,865 302,405
Hakka 2,235 1,045 1,190 10,910 4,900 6,015
Mandarin 41,790 19,825 21,970 592,040 274,630 317,410
Min Dong 225 100 120 1,230 580 650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 2,000 950 1,050 31,795 14,450 17,350
Wu (Shanghainese) 940 410 530 12,915 5,780 7,140
Chinese, n.o.s. 1,480 685 800 38,580 18,165 20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 20 15 10 610 275 335
Tibeto-Burman languages 100 45 50 15,850 7,925 7,935
Burmese 85 40 40 3,585 1,795 1,790
Karenic languages 0 0 0 4,705 2,355 2,350
Tibetan 10 5 5 6,165 3,080 3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 5 0 5 1,400 695 705
Tai-Kadai languages 160 60 95 22,010 8,870 13,145
Lao 80 40 40 12,670 6,145 6,525
Thai 70 20 50 9,255 2,690 6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 5 0 0 80 35 55
Turkic languages 485 260 230 40,140 21,120 19,025
Azerbaijani 95 50 45 3,260 1,785 1,470
Turkish 360 195 170 32,815 17,375 15,440
Uyghur 0 0 0 1,035 510 525
Uzbek 5 0 5 1,715 855 865
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 20 10 10 1,315 590 720
Uralic languages 705 325 380 81,985 37,790 44,195
Estonian 80 35 45 5,445 2,325 3,115
Finnish 105 45 65 15,295 6,395 8,900
Hungarian 515 245 270 61,235 29,060 32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 5 5
Other languages, n.i.e. 15 10 5 3,690 2,045 1,645
Multiple responses 14,210 6,910 7,300 818,635 398,325 420,305
English and French 590 260 325 165,320 80,460 84,860
English and non-official language 12,985 6,335 6,650 533,265 259,160 274,100
French and non-official language 245 125 115 86,150 42,170 43,985
English, French and non-official language 395 180 210 33,900 16,535 17,365
Language spoken most often at homeThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19 327,785 159,855 167,935 34,767,250 17,101,165 17,666,085
Single responses 291,540 142,190 149,355 33,103,860 16,298,475 16,805,395
Official languages 156,995 78,245 78,745 29,106,670 14,383,020 14,723,645
English 156,215 77,900 78,315 22,162,865 10,966,135 11,196,730
French 785 350 430 6,943,800 3,416,890 3,526,910
Non-official languages 134,545 63,940 70,605 3,997,195 1,915,450 2,081,750
Aboriginal languages 5 0 5 118,470 59,720 58,750
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 75,080 37,825 37,260
Blackfoot 0 0 0 1,115 555 555
Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 55,825 28,135 27,685
Atikamekw 0 0 0 5,465 2,825 2,640
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 8,590 4,195 4,395
Moose Cree 0 0 0 10 5 5
Naskapi 0 0 0 1,200 595 605
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 110 55 60
Plains Cree 0 0 0 1,350 665 685
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 20 5 15
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 330 140 190
Woods Cree 0 0 0 800 410 390
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 37,945 19,240 18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 3,615 1,795 1,820
Malecite 0 0 0 55 30 30
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 3,560 1,770 1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 14,525 7,335 7,190
Algonquin 0 0 0 370 170 200
Ojibway 0 0 0 6,175 3,165 3,015
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 7,900 3,960 3,940
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 75 40 35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 5 5
Athabaskan languages 5 5 5 10,265 5,125 5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 10,255 5,120 5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 15 10 10
Beaver 0 0 0 50 30 20
Carrier 0 0 0 245 115 130
Chilcotin 0 0 0 255 125 130
Dene 0 0 0 7,710 3,805 3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 1,020 550 475
Gwich'in 0 0 0 45 25 25
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 10 5 5
Sekani 0 0 0 15 10 5
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 820 425 395
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 340 180 155
South Slavey 0 0 0 370 190 185
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 105 55 55
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 25 15 15
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 25 10 10
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 5 5
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 30 15 15
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 25 15 10
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 10 0 5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 15 5 5
Haida 5 0 0 10 5 0
Inuit languages 0 0 0 29,490 14,995 14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 165 75 90
Inuktitut 0 0 0 29,230 14,885 14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 90 40 55
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 285 135 155
Cayuga 0 0 0 10 0 5
Mohawk 0 0 0 255 115 140
Oneida 0 0 0 15 5 10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 0 5
Kutenai 0 0 0 15 10 5
Michif 0 0 0 85 40 45
Salish languages 0 0 0 285 130 150
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 45 20 25
Lillooet 0 0 0 25 15 10
Okanagan 0 0 0 85 35 45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 55 30 20
Squamish 0 0 0 5 0 5
Straits 0 0 0 20 10 15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 20 10 10
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 25 15 10
Siouan languages 0 0 0 2,225 1,085 1,140
Dakota 0 0 0 255 140 120
Stoney 0 0 0 1,950 940 1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 20 10 15
Tlingit 0 0 0 5 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 410 210 190
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 315 155 155
Nisga'a 0 0 0 70 40 30
Tsimshian 0 0 0 25 15 15
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 75 45 35
Haisla 0 0 0 20 10 15
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 5 5 5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 20 10 10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 30 15 15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 235 110 125
Non-Aboriginal languages 134,540 63,935 70,605 3,878,725 1,855,730 2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages 1,445 670 775 307,755 153,275 154,480
Berber languages 0 0 0 8,105 4,215 3,895
Kabyle 0 0 0 5,490 2,855 2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 2,620 1,365 1,260
Cushitic languages 60 25 35 27,095 12,455 14,640
Bilen 0 0 0 620 330 285
Oromo 5 5 0 3,410 1,700 1,710
Somali 55 20 35 22,895 10,340 12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 185 85 95
Semitic languages 1,375 640 730 272,100 136,390 135,720
Amharic 25 10 15 12,780 6,010 6,770
Arabic 1,200 560 640 223,540 112,690 110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 5 0 0 10,510 5,090 5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 5 5 3,445 1,695 1,750
Harari 15 10 5 735 335 400
Hebrew 110 50 55 8,560 4,425 4,135
Maltese 5 0 5 1,130 525 605
Tigrigna 10 10 5 10,205 5,040 5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 5 0 5 1,200 585 620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 440 215 230
Austro-Asiatic languages 430 210 225 115,210 53,500 61,710
Khmer (Cambodian) 20 10 10 10,880 4,940 5,945
Vietnamese 415 200 215 104,245 48,525 55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 85 40 45
Austronesian languages 2,035 875 1,160 239,785 108,110 131,680
Bikol 5 0 5 290 140 155
Cebuano 50 15 35 7,210 3,325 3,880
Fijian 0 0 0 195 105 90
Hiligaynon 25 10 15 2,205 970 1,240
Ilocano 45 15 30 9,125 4,045 5,080
Malagasy 0 0 0 435 220 210
Malay 100 55 50 3,620 1,710 1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 5 5 5 1,200 565 630
Pangasinan 0 0 0 240 110 135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 1,800 775 1,030 213,790 96,235 117,555
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 310 135 170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 1,160 545 620
Creole languages 125 65 60 27,860 12,005 15,850
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 1,280 575 705
Creole, n.o.s. 95 50 45 24,575 10,510 14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e. 30 20 10 2,005 920 1,085
Dravidian languages 10,225 4,815 5,410 122,490 59,780 62,710
Kannada 40 15 25 1,630 825 800
Malayalam 250 130 125 15,440 7,865 7,575
Tamil 9,780 4,595 5,190 96,955 46,570 50,385
Telugu 150 80 75 8,280 4,430 3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 190 85 105
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 340 160 180
Indo-European languages 22,550 10,790 11,765 1,911,215 927,225 983,985
Albanian 40 20 20 13,135 6,575 6,560
Armenian 760 385 375 21,505 10,165 11,345
Balto-Slavic languages 2,325 1,100 1,225 314,965 149,315 165,650
Baltic languages 30 10 15 3,275 1,400 1,870
Latvian 15 5 5 1,255 530 725
Lithuanian 10 0 5 2,020 870 1,150
Slavic languages 2,295 1,090 1,210 311,690 147,910 163,780
Belarusan 0 0 0 230 105 120
Bosnian 5 5 5 6,045 3,010 3,040
Bulgarian 45 20 25 11,985 5,835 6,150
Croatian 25 15 10 16,775 7,980 8,795
Czech 15 5 10 6,235 3,060 3,180
Macedonian 445 205 235 6,830 3,250 3,580
Polish 225 110 115 74,780 34,910 39,870
Russian 1,310 605 700 116,595 55,175 61,425
Serbian 150 80 65 31,750 15,665 16,085
Serbo-Croatian 10 5 5 3,885 1,865 2,020
Slovak 10 5 5 5,615 2,685 2,920
Slovene (Slovenian) 10 5 10 2,050 905 1,145
Ukrainian 55 30 25 28,250 13,150 15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 670 310 360
Celtic languages 5 0 0 360 205 155
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 185 105 80
Welsh 5 0 0 95 50 45
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 80 50 30
Germanic languages 135 60 70 146,455 71,835 74,615
Afrikaans 10 5 5 4,790 2,355 2,435
Danish 0 0 0 855 410 445
Dutch 15 10 10 9,565 4,630 4,935
Frisian 0 0 0 185 95 90
German 100 45 50 120,335 58,905 61,435
Icelandic 0 0 0 270 120 150
Norwegian 0 0 0 345 145 200
Swedish 10 5 5 1,045 500 545
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 355 170 185
Yiddish 0 0 5 7,080 3,695 3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 1,625 820 810
Greek 845 405 440 44,545 21,110 23,440
Indo-Iranian languages 15,580 7,500 8,085 838,755 416,960 421,795
Indo-Aryan languages 10,160 4,860 5,300 676,185 337,440 338,745
Bengali 360 170 190 47,350 23,585 23,765
Gujarati 2,455 1,155 1,300 64,150 31,740 32,405
Hindi 1,110 530 580 55,510 27,805 27,710
Kashmiri 10 0 5 135 70 70
Konkani 15 10 5 720 355 370
Marathi 100 50 55 3,780 1,940 1,840
Nepali 25 10 15 13,375 6,710 6,670
Oriya (Odia) 10 5 5 470 235 240
Punjabi (Panjabi) 2,180 1,030 1,145 349,145 174,905 174,240
Sindhi 240 110 130 4,975 2,280 2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 120 55 65 7,790 3,860 3,925
Urdu 3,540 1,735 1,805 128,785 63,965 64,820
Iranian languages 5,385 2,625 2,765 160,195 78,310 81,880
Kurdish 45 25 25 6,580 3,400 3,175
Pashto 190 80 105 10,590 5,305 5,290
Persian (Farsi) 5,150 2,515 2,635 143,020 69,600 73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 30 15 15 2,375 1,215 1,160
Italic (Romance) languages 2,865 1,315 1,545 531,485 251,050 280,440
Catalan 5 0 5 355 165 190
Italian 1,095 465 625 115,415 49,975 65,440
Portuguese 210 100 110 98,710 46,915 51,795
Romanian 475 235 240 53,320 25,795 27,525
Spanish 1,080 515 565 263,510 128,110 135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 180 85 95
Japanese 215 95 125 19,785 8,265 11,515
Kartvelian languages 20 15 10 1,040 565 475
Georgian 20 15 10 1,035 565 475
Korean 2,255 1,070 1,180 109,705 51,385 58,320
Mongolic languages 5 5 5 910 440 470
Mongolian 5 5 0 910 435 470
Niger-Congo languages 75 30 40 28,665 13,340 15,320
Akan (Twi) 25 10 15 5,990 2,695 3,295
Bamanankan 0 0 0 340 180 160
Edo 0 0 0 415 175 240
Ewe 0 0 0 410 185 225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 825 400 425
Ga 5 0 0 250 105 140
Ganda 0 0 0 345 160 185
Igbo 0 5 5 1,000 485 510
Lingala 5 0 0 1,045 455 590
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 2,110 990 1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 5 0 5 1,530 670 865
Shona 5 0 0 1,035 475 560
Swahili 25 10 15 5,370 2,500 2,870
Wolof 0 0 5 1,380 745 635
Yoruba 0 0 0 2,615 1,275 1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 5 0 4,010 1,850 2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages 5 0 5 2,650 1,305 1,350
Dinka 0 0 0 1,130 580 550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 5 0 5 1,525 730 800
Sign languages 75 40 40 10,445 5,870 4,570
American Sign Language 10 5 5 3,015 1,560 1,460
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 730 375 355
Sign languages, n.i.e 70 35 35 6,690 3,935 2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages 94,600 45,035 49,560 924,720 433,530 491,190
Chinese languages 94,560 45,020 49,540 913,365 427,860 485,505
Cantonese 56,750 26,825 29,935 400,215 184,340 215,885
Hakka 985 460 530 4,080 1,820 2,265
Mandarin 34,390 16,605 17,785 462,890 220,075 242,815
Min Dong 70 30 45 345 150 195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 780 370 410 13,965 6,345 7,625
Wu (Shanghainese) 590 280 310 7,650 3,580 4,075
Chinese, n.o.s. 975 450 520 23,935 11,440 12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 10 5 5 280 130 150
Tibeto-Burman languages 40 20 25 11,350 5,670 5,680
Burmese 35 15 20 2,245 1,115 1,125
Karenic languages 5 0 0 3,865 1,935 1,930
Tibetan 5 5 5 4,590 2,305 2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 5 5 0 655 305 345
Tai-Kadai languages 50 30 25 9,565 4,455 5,110
Lao 30 15 10 6,175 2,995 3,180
Thai 20 10 10 3,360 1,450 1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 5 5 5 30 15 15
Turkic languages 235 110 125 22,250 11,205 11,045
Azerbaijani 40 20 20 1,245 640 610
Turkish 185 85 100 18,955 9,525 9,430
Uyghur 0 0 0 610 315 290
Uzbek 0 0 5 990 505 490
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 10 5 5 455 230 225
Uralic languages 190 85 110 23,245 10,715 12,535
Estonian 20 10 15 975 365 610
Finnish 25 10 10 2,790 1,220 1,565
Hungarian 140 60 80 19,485 9,125 10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 5 0 1,110 605 500
Multiple responses 36,250 17,670 18,580 1,663,390 802,695 860,690
English and French 515 245 270 160,185 77,940 82,235
English and non-official language 35,025 17,110 17,915 1,284,975 620,375 664,600
French and non-official language 105 45 55 148,915 70,915 78,000
English, French and non-official language 605 260 345 69,315 33,465 35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20 327,785 159,855 167,935 34,767,255 17,101,165 17,666,080
None 226,840 110,935 115,900 29,615,245 14,612,175 15,003,065
English 49,760 24,470 25,290 2,109,340 1,045,215 1,064,120
French 1,780 765 1,025 731,095 342,245 388,855
Non-official language 47,665 22,910 24,755 2,151,690 1,023,940 1,127,750
Aboriginal 0 0 0 90,740 42,890 47,850
Non-Aboriginal 47,665 22,910 24,755 2,060,945 981,055 1,079,895
English and French 240 100 135 47,970 23,785 24,190
English and non-official language 1,065 500 570 61,075 30,045 31,030
French and non-official language 425 175 255 48,755 22,690 26,065
English, French and non-official language 10 5 10 2,080 1,075 1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21 272,050 131,175 140,875 28,642,980 13,990,620 14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 256,900 123,675 133,220 27,488,530 13,444,335 14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 28,106 32,260 25,270 34,204 40,782 28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 256,950 123,695 133,255 27,499,185 13,449,010 14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 26,319 29,765 23,880 30,866 35,933 26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 228,160 112,345 115,815 24,583,315 12,296,595 12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 29,089 34,305 24,966 32,762 39,925 26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 188,000 83,415 104,585 19,743,240 8,755,815 10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 1,660 866 2,955 5,453 4,199 6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 186,150 94,580 91,565 20,428,685 10,547,760 9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 32,242 36,654 28,804 33,684 39,836 28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22 272,050 131,175 140,880 28,643,015 13,990,430 14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 256,980 123,805 133,170 27,489,395 13,441,555 14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 45,184 52,683 38,212 47,487 56,740 38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 257,045 123,825 133,220 27,500,230 13,446,230 14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 37,126 42,271 32,343 38,977 45,404 32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 228,145 112,575 115,570 24,584,065 12,295,015 12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 46,235 54,366 38,314 46,885 56,803 36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 188,515 83,900 104,615 19,742,130 8,752,070 10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 5,639 4,792 6,318 7,738 7,345 8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 186,150 94,770 91,380 20,428,670 10,542,540 9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 47,769 55,188 40,075 46,057 54,369 37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23 272,050 131,170 140,875 28,643,015 13,990,430 14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24 87,215 48,410 38,805 9,367,045 5,231,015 4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25 56,396 61,298 51,488 53,431 59,326 47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26 70,305 78,024 60,676 65,997 74,289 55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28 90.9 93.9 87.0 88.3 91.6 83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29 76.6 79.9 72.3 72.0 75.2 67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30 9.1 6.1 13.0 11.7 8.4 16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31 272,055 131,170 140,880 28,642,980 13,990,620 14,652,360
Without total income 15,150 7,495 7,655 1,154,450 546,285 608,165
With total income 256,900 123,675 133,225 27,488,530 13,444,335 14,044,195
Percentage with total income 94.4 94.3 94.6 96.0 96.1 95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss) 52,490 23,470 29,020 3,877,620 1,668,960 2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999 50,090 22,160 27,930 4,680,380 1,867,600 2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999 30,745 13,610 17,135 3,807,840 1,593,335 2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999 23,400 10,490 12,910 3,206,175 1,472,670 1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999 20,120 9,220 10,900 2,827,045 1,376,565 1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999 15,895 7,625 8,270 2,179,775 1,145,685 1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999 13,075 6,535 6,545 1,655,070 938,755 716,310
$70,000 to $79,999 10,350 5,460 4,890 1,271,850 745,830 526,015
$80,000 to $89,999 8,590 4,780 3,815 966,885 579,290 387,590
$90,000 to $99,999 7,780 4,225 3,550 749,290 452,240 297,050
$100,000 and over 24,350 16,095 8,260 2,266,600 1,603,400 663,195
$100,000 to $149,999 16,075 10,120 5,950 1,493,570 1,024,210 469,365
$150,000 and over 8,280 5,970 2,305 773,025 579,190 193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32 272,050 131,170 140,880 28,642,980 13,990,620 14,652,360
Without after-tax income 15,105 7,480 7,620 1,143,795 541,620 602,175
With after-tax income 256,950 123,695 133,255 27,499,185 13,449,010 14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income 94.4 94.3 94.6 96.0 96.1 95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss) 53,325 23,740 29,590 4,004,475 1,706,825 2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999 51,825 23,035 28,795 4,905,055 1,972,920 2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999 34,645 15,360 19,285 4,489,925 1,926,175 2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999 27,430 12,445 14,985 3,924,960 1,870,705 2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999 22,785 10,735 12,055 3,144,200 1,619,670 1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999 17,615 8,805 8,815 2,209,280 1,245,570 963,705
$60,000 to $69,999 13,370 7,200 6,170 1,540,300 912,230 628,065
$70,000 to $79,999 11,175 6,215 4,960 1,076,180 654,570 421,610
$80,000 and over 24,770 16,165 8,605 2,204,820 1,540,335 664,485
$80,000 to $89,999 7,845 4,600 3,250 688,705 444,550 244,145
$90,000 to $99,999 4,885 3,125 1,760 420,975 291,090 129,885
$100,000 and over 12,040 8,445 3,595 1,095,140 804,690 290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33 272,050 131,170 140,880 28,642,980 13,990,625 14,652,360
Without employment income 85,900 36,590 49,310 8,214,295 3,442,860 4,771,430
With employment income 186,145 94,580 91,565 20,428,690 10,547,760 9,880,925
Percentage with employment income 68.4 72.1 65.0 71.3 75.4 67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss) 23,715 10,975 12,740 2,778,990 1,357,430 1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999 16,830 7,730 9,100 1,602,140 697,025 905,120
$10,000 to $19,999 27,765 13,580 14,185 2,736,010 1,212,855 1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999 20,355 9,430 10,930 2,293,785 1,022,090 1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999 17,300 8,170 9,135 2,149,860 1,001,065 1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999 15,150 7,135 8,015 1,928,565 946,625 981,940
$50,000 to $59,999 12,415 6,135 6,275 1,554,100 839,045 715,055
$60,000 to $69,999 10,380 5,340 5,045 1,220,310 708,270 512,040
$70,000 to $79,999 8,420 4,615 3,805 992,170 591,945 400,225
$80,000 and over 33,825 21,480 12,345 3,172,770 2,171,415 1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999 7,205 4,095 3,110 773,755 475,700 298,055
$90,000 to $99,999 6,910 3,765 3,145 623,980 382,330 241,650
$100,000 and over 19,705 13,615 6,085 1,775,030 1,313,385 461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34 102,675 ... ... 14,072,080 ... ...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($) 89,028 ... ... 70,336 ... ...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($) 78,472 ... ... 61,348 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data 13,785 ... ... 3,969,790 ... ...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 40,480 ... ... 35,174 ... ...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 35,896 ... ... 31,446 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data 88,890 ... ... 10,102,290 ... ...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 98,526 ... ... 88,249 ... ...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 86,768 ... ... 76,419 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35 102,675 ... ... 14,072,075 ... ...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($) 113,087 ... ... 92,764 ... ...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($) 92,943 ... ... 76,171 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data 13,735 ... ... 3,967,765 ... ...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 55,714 ... ... 46,799 ... ...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 44,957 ... ... 38,685 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data 88,940 ... ... 10,104,315 ... ...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 121,946 ... ... 110,813 ... ...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 100,353 ... ... 90,890 ... ...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36 102,675 ... ... 14,072,075 ... ...
Under $5,000 2,120 ... ... 228,790 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 1,270 ... ... 200,315 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 1,760 ... ... 374,575 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 2,505 ... ... 565,940 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 2,615 ... ... 602,800 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 3,400 ... ... 538,710 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 3,465 ... ... 603,480 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 3,395 ... ... 606,600 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 3,400 ... ... 596,110 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 3,400 ... ... 578,325 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 6,375 ... ... 1,097,345 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 6,370 ... ... 1,010,415 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 6,075 ... ... 924,320 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 5,745 ... ... 836,765 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 5,545 ... ... 745,655 ... ...
$100,000 and over 45,225 ... ... 4,561,920 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 11,700 ... ... 1,470,255 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 9,190 ... ... 1,016,245 ... ...
$150,000 to $199,999 11,950 ... ... 1,116,140 ... ...
$200,000 and over 12,385 ... ... 959,285 ... ...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32 102,675 ... ... 14,072,075 ... ...
Under $5,000 2,280 ... ... 243,780 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 1,295 ... ... 203,865 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 1,780 ... ... 380,680 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 2,615 ... ... 591,660 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 2,805 ... ... 673,740 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 3,660 ... ... 628,225 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 3,820 ... ... 719,825 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 3,850 ... ... 725,675 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 4,010 ... ... 711,180 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 3,850 ... ... 691,695 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 7,830 ... ... 1,299,680 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 7,400 ... ... 1,169,515 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 7,295 ... ... 1,041,635 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 6,755 ... ... 900,055 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 6,220 ... ... 757,295 ... ...
$100,000 and over 37,220 ... ... 3,333,575 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 12,615 ... ... 1,371,945 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 9,070 ... ... 809,540 ... ...
$150,000 and over 15,535 ... ... 1,152,090 ... ...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37 88,385 ... ... 9,688,845 ... ...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($) 96,829 ... ... 88,306 ... ...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($) 85,237 ... ... 76,372 ... ...
Average family size of economic families 3.5 ... ... 3.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data 20,330 ... ... 3,706,220 ... ...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 80,300 ... ... 78,976 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 70,709 ... ... 68,309 ... ...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data 54,185 ... ... 4,222,140 ... ...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 113,041 ... ... 113,465 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 98,576 ... ... 96,608 ... ...
Average family size of couple economic families with children 4.2 ... ... 4.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data 10,820 ... ... 1,481,410 ... ...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 58,457 ... ... 53,193 ... ...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 53,610 ... ... 48,856 ... ...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families 2.7 ... ... 2.7 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38 88,420 ... ... 9,689,855 ... ...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($) 120,626 ... ... 111,235 ... ...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($) 99,131 ... ... 91,040 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data 20,170 ... ... 3,706,400 ... ...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 108,720 ... ... 101,086 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 86,435 ... ... 82,296 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data 54,210 ... ... 4,225,855 ... ...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 135,335 ... ... 137,094 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 111,564 ... ... 111,307 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data 10,895 ... ... 1,477,190 ... ...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 72,895 ... ... 65,549 ... ...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 62,607 ... ... 56,687 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21 21,355 9,685 11,670 5,313,545 2,608,845 2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39 29,195 28,971 29,376 31,890 34,483 29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39 27,128 26,798 27,374 28,959 30,746 27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40 21,295 9,575 11,715 5,299,050 2,596,985 2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41 44,434 44,840 44,102 42,939 46,085 39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41 36,556 36,493 36,607 35,801 37,724 33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42 327,405 159,720 167,680 34,460,065 16,971,550 17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution 152,560 73,530 79,030 17,229,835 8,256,970 8,972,865
In the bottom decile 34,660 16,780 17,880 3,445,950 1,672,900 1,773,050
In the second decile 32,995 15,790 17,205 3,445,660 1,564,965 1,880,700
In the third decile 29,355 14,155 15,200 3,446,165 1,641,930 1,804,235
In the fourth decile 27,470 13,345 14,130 3,445,850 1,677,120 1,768,730
In the fifth decile 28,075 13,470 14,605 3,446,210 1,700,060 1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution 174,840 86,190 88,650 17,230,230 8,714,580 8,515,650
In the sixth decile 28,335 13,755 14,580 3,445,695 1,716,510 1,729,185
In the seventh decile 30,570 14,920 15,650 3,446,470 1,730,975 1,715,500
In the eighth decile 33,575 16,420 17,155 3,445,940 1,741,640 1,704,300
In the ninth decile 39,180 19,415 19,765 3,446,045 1,751,850 1,694,195
In the top decile 43,185 21,680 21,500 3,446,080 1,773,600 1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43 327,400 159,725 167,675 33,968,295 16,724,265 17,244,035
0 to 17 years 67,965 35,075 32,890 6,836,380 3,504,250 3,332,125
0 to 5 years 20,640 10,575 10,060 2,228,770 1,142,505 1,086,270
18 to 64 years 210,855 101,625 109,230 21,695,090 10,690,090 11,005,005
65 years and over 48,580 23,020 25,565 5,436,830 2,529,930 2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) 49,485 23,805 25,685 4,809,940 2,243,200 2,566,740
0 to 17 years 12,255 6,340 5,920 1,163,830 597,570 566,255
0 to 5 years 3,880 2,005 1,880 396,095 203,055 193,030
18 to 64 years 30,980 14,575 16,400 2,855,290 1,341,590 1,513,700
65 years and over 6,245 2,885 3,360 790,825 304,040 486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%) 15.1 14.9 15.3 14.2 13.4 14.9
0 to 17 years (%) 18.0 18.1 18.0 17.0 17.1 17.0
0 to 5 years (%) 18.8 19.0 18.7 17.8 17.8 17.8
18 to 64 years (%) 14.7 14.3 15.0 13.2 12.5 13.8
65 years and over (%) 12.9 12.5 13.1 14.5 12.0 16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) 40,080 19,355 20,730 3,128,995 1,519,370 1,609,630
0 to 17 years 9,790 5,060 4,725 696,025 357,255 338,770
0 to 5 years 3,105 1,615 1,490 236,435 121,170 115,260
18 to 64 years 26,570 12,645 13,925 2,157,745 1,057,585 1,100,160
65 years and over 3,725 1,650 2,075 275,225 104,525 170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%) 12.2 12.1 12.4 9.2 9.1 9.3
0 to 17 years (%) 14.4 14.4 14.4 10.2 10.2 10.2
0 to 5 years (%) 15.0 15.3 14.8 10.6 10.6 10.6
18 to 64 years (%) 12.6 12.4 12.7 9.9 9.9 10.0
65 years and over (%) 7.7 7.2 8.1 5.1 4.1 5.9
Knowledge of languagesThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44 327,400 159,725 167,680 34,460,065 16,971,575 17,488,485
Official languages 294,680 146,005 148,675 33,818,210 16,709,290 17,108,920
English 294,505 145,935 148,575 29,748,265 14,806,270 14,941,995
French 19,190 8,405 10,785 10,242,945 4,952,455 5,290,495
Non-official languages 233,815 111,840 121,975 9,369,280 4,488,185 4,881,090
Aboriginal languages 10 10 10 263,845 127,550 136,295
Algonquian languages 10 0 0 177,570 85,505 92,065
Blackfoot 0 0 0 5,645 2,695 2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 116,585 56,515 60,070
Atikamekw 0 0 0 6,640 3,335 3,305
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 11,440 5,500 5,945
Moose Cree 0 0 0 195 80 115
Naskapi 0 0 0 1,465 710 755
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 545 225 320
Plains Cree 0 0 0 5,905 2,705 3,200
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 40 30 10
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 2,345 995 1,350
Woods Cree 0 0 0 2,665 1,230 1,435
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 86,115 42,080 44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages 10 0 10 9,765 4,710 5,050
Malecite 0 0 0 755 370 390
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 9,025 4,350 4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 10 0 46,685 22,100 24,585
Algonquin 0 0 0 2,480 1,165 1,315
Ojibway 10 0 0 28,585 13,365 15,220
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 15,610 7,575 8,030
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 205 105 105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 120 60 60
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 23,655 11,340 12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 23,570 11,300 12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 210 105 100
Beaver 0 0 0 340 180 165
Carrier 0 0 0 2,105 955 1,145
Chilcotin 0 0 0 1,150 535 610
Dene 0 0 0 13,060 6,270 6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 2,375 1,210 1,165
Gwich'in 0 0 0 360 165 200
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 150 60 90
Sekani 0 0 0 185 85 100
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 2,815 1,340 1,475
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 1,010 475 530
South Slavey 0 0 0 1,365 660 710
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 680 320 360
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 630 340 285
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 365 205 170
Tahltan 0 0 0 270 140 130
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 420 160 260
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 285 115 170
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 145 50 95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 85 35 50
Haida 0 0 0 465 205 260
Inuit languages 0 0 0 42,980 21,355 21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 1,975 895 1,080
Inuktitut 0 0 0 40,620 20,280 20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 470 225 240
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 2,800 1,240 1,555
Cayuga 0 0 0 125 40 85
Mohawk 0 0 0 2,415 1,120 1,295
Oneida 0 0 0 180 60 125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 115 45 75
Kutenai 0 0 0 175 95 80
Michif 0 0 0 1,210 585 625
Salish languages 0 0 0 5,750 2,730 3,015
Comox 0 0 0 185 75 110
Halkomelem 0 0 0 1,060 475 585
Lillooet 0 0 0 790 405 385
Okanagan 0 0 0 820 370 450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 1,305 640 665
Squamish 0 0 0 285 125 155
Straits 0 0 0 360 160 200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 450 220 235
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 565 295 270
Siouan languages 0 0 0 5,430 2,665 2,770
Dakota 0 0 0 1,760 870 890
Stoney 0 0 0 3,675 1,805 1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 140 70 70
Tlingit 0 0 0 260 140 120
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 2,730 1,350 1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 1,305 645 660
Nisga'a 0 0 0 1,060 545 515
Tsimshian 0 0 0 410 180 235
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 1,490 680 805
Haisla 0 0 0 175 65 110
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 125 50 75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 605 285 320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 565 265 300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 30 20 10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 665 310 360
Non-Aboriginal languages 233,810 111,835 121,975 9,107,075 4,361,420 4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages 5,355 2,565 2,790 837,355 432,560 404,795
Berber languages 10 0 0 29,460 15,745 13,715
Kabyle 0 0 0 17,120 9,100 8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 10 0 12,505 6,735 5,775
Cushitic languages 130 65 70 57,125 26,870 30,250
Bilen 0 0 0 1,085 625 470
Oromo 15 10 0 6,245 3,070 3,175
Somali 120 55 60 49,665 23,070 26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 480 220 265
Semitic languages 5,220 2,500 2,725 771,130 400,780 370,350
Amharic 145 75 70 33,670 16,675 16,995
Arabic 3,920 1,885 2,035 629,055 329,235 299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 30 15 15 19,745 9,720 10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 7,115 3,505 3,610
Harari 50 30 30 1,710 855 860
Hebrew 1,060 510 550 75,020 38,730 36,290
Maltese 50 15 35 7,625 3,760 3,870
Tigrigna 40 10 25 21,340 10,640 10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 20 10 10 3,220 1,655 1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 2,775 1,440 1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages 1,980 820 1,160 224,865 105,845 119,020
Khmer (Cambodian) 30 10 20 27,035 12,640 14,400
Vietnamese 1,950 815 1,135 198,895 93,735 105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 190 70 120
Austronesian languages 7,190 2,765 4,420 656,200 273,075 383,125
Bikol 10 0 10 2,075 885 1,190
Cebuano 165 65 100 27,045 10,960 16,085
Fijian 10 10 0 1,660 955 705
Hiligaynon 35 15 15 7,925 3,200 4,720
Ilocano 265 100 170 34,530 13,805 20,730
Malagasy 10 0 0 2,335 1,120 1,220
Malay 480 230 255 22,470 10,370 12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 75 35 40 5,425 2,445 2,980
Pangasinan 10 0 0 1,800 790 1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 6,565 2,475 4,090 612,735 253,210 359,530
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 1,395 530 860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 35 15 20 5,585 2,540 3,040
Creole languages 690 335 350 155,615 70,545 85,070
Haitian Creole 25 10 15 6,850 3,140 3,710
Creole, n.o.s. 415 205 210 133,045 59,890 73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e. 255 125 130 16,635 7,955 8,675
Dravidian languages 20,465 10,035 10,430 250,180 126,220 123,960
Kannada 140 60 75 8,245 4,180 4,065
Malayalam 780 385 390 37,810 19,410 18,400
Tamil 19,190 9,415 9,770 189,860 94,640 95,220
Telugu 575 280 300 23,160 12,770 10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 10 0 790 385 405
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 870 435 435
Indo-European languages 59,705 29,225 30,475 5,158,010 2,506,455 2,651,555
Albanian 120 65 60 31,930 16,140 15,790
Armenian 1,585 780 810 41,295 19,980 21,315
Balto-Slavic languages 5,860 2,705 3,155 817,315 384,960 432,350
Baltic languages 110 45 65 14,675 6,470 8,205
Latvian 45 20 25 6,500 2,960 3,540
Lithuanian 65 25 40 8,185 3,510 4,675
Slavic languages 5,790 2,680 3,110 805,915 379,965 425,945
Belarusan 20 10 15 2,265 1,070 1,195
Bosnian 70 30 40 18,265 9,055 9,215
Bulgarian 190 90 100 22,425 10,920 11,505
Croatian 190 90 105 69,840 34,515 35,325
Czech 90 35 55 28,720 13,675 15,050
Macedonian 1,720 830 890 23,075 11,190 11,880
Polish 655 305 350 214,965 99,365 115,600
Russian 2,410 1,065 1,345 269,645 127,055 142,595
Serbian 390 195 195 73,775 37,040 36,740
Serbo-Croatian 75 50 30 11,275 5,525 5,750
Slovak 80 30 45 21,470 10,215 11,255
Slovene (Slovenian) 45 20 25 11,495 5,205 6,290
Ukrainian 335 155 180 132,115 58,820 73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 15 10 10 3,000 1,590 1,405
Celtic languages 25 15 15 9,165 4,705 4,455
Scottish Gaelic 15 0 10 3,980 2,010 1,975
Welsh 10 0 0 1,690 830 860
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 10 0 0 3,590 1,915 1,680
Germanic languages 2,875 1,360 1,510 695,535 337,215 358,320
Afrikaans 380 185 195 23,410 11,795 11,610
Danish 75 45 30 15,745 7,320 8,425
Dutch 410 180 230 120,865 57,885 62,990
Frisian 0 0 0 2,910 1,515 1,395
German 1,755 820 930 502,730 245,745 256,985
Icelandic 0 0 0 1,780 830 945
Norwegian 45 20 20 8,120 3,860 4,260
Swedish 85 40 40 14,140 6,510 7,635
Vlaams (Flemish) 20 15 10 4,400 1,945 2,455
Yiddish 220 115 110 20,985 10,435 10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 20 15 0 8,710 4,425 4,285
Greek 3,705 1,885 1,825 150,965 75,510 75,455
Indo-Iranian languages 36,330 18,075 18,245 1,658,220 840,850 817,365
Indo-Aryan languages 27,405 13,605 13,800 1,387,805 704,370 683,435
Bengali 925 435 485 91,220 46,935 44,285
Gujarati 5,760 2,795 2,965 149,045 74,765 74,285
Hindi 9,655 4,670 4,985 433,365 221,665 211,700
Kashmiri 20 10 15 905 490 420
Konkani 200 85 115 6,790 3,185 3,605
Marathi 445 245 200 15,570 8,200 7,365
Nepali 75 40 35 21,380 10,915 10,470
Oriya (Odia) 30 10 20 1,535 755 775
Punjabi (Panjabi) 6,615 3,400 3,220 668,240 341,450 326,790
Sindhi 1,000 460 540 20,260 9,310 10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 950 510 440 27,825 13,970 13,855
Urdu 10,175 5,185 4,995 322,220 164,685 157,535
Iranian languages 9,190 4,570 4,620 281,715 142,030 139,680
Kurdish 130 55 75 15,290 8,290 7,000
Pashto 345 175 170 23,180 12,465 10,715
Persian (Farsi) 8,830 4,410 4,420 252,320 126,565 125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 180 100 75 8,875 4,715 4,155
Italic (Romance) languages 10,695 5,070 5,625 1,897,630 898,530 999,100
Catalan 0 0 0 2,035 1,145 890
Italian 5,140 2,460 2,685 574,725 278,500 296,225
Portuguese 1,055 485 570 295,955 144,465 151,485
Romanian 1,060 540 520 115,050 55,275 59,770
Spanish 3,825 1,775 2,050 995,255 460,250 535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 10 10 0 2,680 1,610 1,075
Japanese 1,065 505 565 83,090 36,760 46,335
Kartvelian languages 50 35 15 2,150 1,075 1,075
Georgian 50 40 15 2,150 1,080 1,070
Korean 4,015 1,905 2,115 172,755 80,170 92,590
Mongolic languages 0 0 0 2,090 960 1,130
Mongolian 0 0 10 2,090 960 1,130
Niger-Congo languages 855 430 425 177,215 88,135 89,080
Akan (Twi) 160 90 75 22,145 10,810 11,340
Bamanankan 0 0 0 3,190 1,660 1,530
Edo 0 10 0 3,220 1,510 1,705
Ewe 0 0 0 3,000 1,685 1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 4,725 2,460 2,260
Ga 10 0 0 2,250 1,140 1,110
Ganda 10 10 0 2,495 1,175 1,320
Igbo 30 10 25 8,850 4,710 4,140
Lingala 30 15 15 17,010 7,865 9,145
Rundi (Kirundi) 10 0 10 8,590 4,075 4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 7,860 3,600 4,260
Shona 25 10 15 5,425 2,530 2,905
Swahili 400 210 190 38,680 19,565 19,115
Wolof 10 0 10 8,240 4,455 3,785
Yoruba 90 50 40 22,420 11,475 10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 135 60 80 40,760 20,375 20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 7,015 3,520 3,495
Dinka 0 0 0 2,475 1,280 1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 10 0 4,555 2,240 2,315
Sign languages 135 55 85 48,115 18,985 29,130
American Sign Language 40 20 20 21,930 7,780 14,155
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 4,665 1,665 3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e. 95 30 65 22,275 9,835 12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages 136,780 65,410 71,370 1,430,440 672,100 758,340
Chinese languages 136,720 65,385 71,340 1,413,110 663,465 749,640
Cantonese 88,700 42,300 46,400 699,125 325,840 373,285
Hakka 2,705 1,235 1,470 12,445 5,555 6,890
Mandarin 64,350 29,935 34,415 814,450 377,635 436,815
Min Dong 150 50 100 1,045 440 600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 2,295 1,035 1,265 42,840 19,005 23,835
Wu (Shanghainese) 1,255 600 655 16,530 7,490 9,040
Chinese, n.o.s. 1,535 730 805 41,690 19,995 21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 15 10 10 590 250 340
Tibeto-Burman languages 105 50 50 18,270 9,100 9,175
Burmese 95 45 45 4,995 2,490 2,500
Karenic languages 0 0 0 4,895 2,425 2,475
Tibetan 0 0 0 7,050 3,555 3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 10 0 0 2,375 1,160 1,220
Tai-Kadai languages 210 85 125 30,400 13,210 17,195
Lao 90 45 50 17,235 8,240 8,990
Thai 115 45 70 15,390 5,875 9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 10 0 0 115 50 65
Turkic languages 970 510 460 60,530 31,585 28,945
Azerbaijani 145 75 70 5,450 2,885 2,565
Turkish 830 445 390 50,775 26,605 24,165
Uyghur 0 0 0 1,385 685 700
Uzbek 20 0 15 2,465 1,230 1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 1,870 905 965
Uralic languages 880 410 470 94,810 44,270 50,545
Estonian 125 60 70 6,070 2,750 3,315
Finnish 155 70 90 17,595 7,540 10,050
Hungarian 605 285 315 71,285 34,005 37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 25 10 10
Other languages, n.i.e. 35 25 10 9,730 5,375 4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45 327,400 159,725 167,675 34,460,065 16,971,580 17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46 283,890 139,420 144,475 32,034,590 15,799,495 16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18 63,235 32,630 30,600 6,652,795 3,412,785 3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 220,660 106,795 113,865 25,381,795 12,386,710 12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47 43,510 20,300 23,210 2,425,480 1,172,085 1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48 327,400 159,720 167,680 34,460,065 16,971,575 17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49 128,650 66,035 62,615 26,412,610 13,124,325 13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50 192,220 90,490 101,730 7,540,830 3,586,495 3,954,330
Before 1981 33,295 16,315 16,980 1,941,510 927,795 1,013,715
1981 to 1990 31,295 15,000 16,295 915,555 439,245 476,310
1991 to 2000 59,445 28,035 31,410 1,486,655 696,720 789,940
2001 to 2010 47,525 21,775 25,755 1,985,035 940,570 1,044,465
2001 to 2005 26,445 12,125 14,320 928,935 439,890 489,050
2006 to 2010 21,085 9,655 11,430 1,056,095 500,680 555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51 20,660 9,365 11,290 1,212,075 582,175 629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52 6,530 3,195 3,335 506,625 260,755 245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53 192,215 90,490 101,730 7,540,830 3,586,500 3,954,335
Under 5 years 13,730 7,000 6,730 731,340 364,165 367,175
5 to 14 years 28,345 14,325 14,030 1,311,810 665,870 645,945
15 to 24 years 40,725 18,440 22,285 1,604,430 724,430 880,005
25 to 44 years 84,700 39,665 45,035 3,198,920 1,513,970 1,684,950
45 years and over 24,725 11,065 13,660 694,320 318,060 376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54 192,220 90,490 101,730 7,540,830 3,586,495 3,954,330
Americas 13,935 6,430 7,505 1,128,745 510,650 618,100
Brazil 215 105 110 29,320 13,235 16,080
Colombia 295 145 150 70,035 32,065 37,965
El Salvador 100 35 65 48,080 23,865 24,215
Guyana 3,220 1,465 1,755 87,685 38,940 48,745
Haiti 70 25 45 93,480 40,955 52,525
Jamaica 3,980 1,760 2,220 138,345 59,960 78,390
Mexico 210 100 110 80,585 37,530 43,055
Peru 310 140 175 29,615 12,950 16,665
Trinidad and Tobago 1,640 770 880 65,040 29,325 35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55 1,915 940 975 253,715 113,505 140,215
Other places of birth in Americas 1,975 950 1,025 232,850 108,325 124,530
Europe 15,085 7,310 7,770 2,088,410 1,015,145 1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina 90 55 30 36,135 18,050 18,085
Croatia 120 55 60 40,045 20,005 20,035
France 160 60 100 105,565 55,395 50,170
Germany 670 300 370 145,845 69,525 76,320
Greece 1,740 940 800 62,715 31,580 31,135
Hungary 350 150 200 36,820 17,945 18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56 230 90 140 28,325 14,355 13,970
Italy 2,730 1,335 1,395 236,640 118,595 118,040
Netherlands 230 130 100 88,475 45,185 43,295
Poland 500 220 280 146,465 66,450 80,020
Portugal 370 170 200 139,450 68,150 71,300
Romania 930 465 470 90,305 42,795 47,510
Russian Federation 775 330 445 78,685 34,265 44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57 175 85 90 33,320 16,325 17,000
Ukraine 445 185 260 73,030 33,360 39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58 3,420 1,710 1,710 499,115 243,225 255,890
Other places of birth in Europe 2,150 1,035 1,120 247,470 119,945 127,530
Africa 6,975 3,440 3,535 637,485 322,510 314,970
Algeria 30 10 20 64,620 33,920 30,705
Egypt 1,250 655 595 64,615 34,125 30,495
Ethiopia 180 95 80 32,790 15,980 16,810
Kenya 1,000 500 500 27,150 12,810 14,340
Morocco 75 40 40 69,655 36,120 33,535
Nigeria 230 100 135 42,430 21,830 20,600
Somalia 100 45 55 27,230 12,070 15,160
South Africa, Republic of 1,055 485 565 44,660 22,205 22,460
Other places of birth in Africa 3,055 1,515 1,545 264,320 133,450 130,870
Asia 155,990 73,195 82,800 3,629,160 1,709,985 1,919,175
Afghanistan 835 420 410 51,955 26,030 25,930
Bangladesh 525 250 275 58,735 29,875 28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59 59,060 27,200 31,860 649,260 290,800 358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60 32,525 15,530 16,995 208,940 98,020 110,915
India 14,215 6,855 7,360 668,565 334,030 334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61 6,640 3,300 3,340 154,425 77,970 76,455
Iraq 480 225 250 68,485 34,785 33,705
Japan 345 155 195 27,240 7,955 19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62 2,905 1,390 1,510 123,305 57,170 66,140
Lebanon 665 325 345 88,745 47,295 41,450
Pakistan 5,540 2,735 2,810 202,260 103,225 99,035
Philippines 6,720 2,700 4,020 588,305 247,095 341,210
Sri Lanka 12,805 6,180 6,625 131,995 64,825 67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63 240 135 100 52,960 26,595 26,365
Taiwan 2,335 1,005 1,335 63,770 28,170 35,605
Viet Nam 3,620 1,595 2,030 169,250 78,000 91,250
Other places of birth in Asia 6,535 3,175 3,360 320,965 158,150 162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64 235 110 125 57,030 28,210 28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54 20,655 9,370 11,290 1,212,075 582,180 629,895
Americas 925 470 450 152,595 72,870 79,720
Brazil 15 0 20 8,500 4,000 4,490
Colombia 30 15 10 15,300 6,885 8,415
Cuba 25 20 0 5,370 2,545 2,820
Haiti 10 0 10 19,985 9,160 10,830
Jamaica 135 50 85 12,495 6,680 5,820
Mexico 40 30 10 18,660 9,090 9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55 390 200 185 33,060 16,480 16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65 40 25 15 6,425 2,990 3,435
Other places of birth in Americas 230 125 110 32,790 15,040 17,750
Europe 410 190 215 140,030 70,995 69,035
France 30 20 10 24,150 13,000 11,150
Germany 15 10 10 6,300 3,255 3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56 10 10 0 5,660 3,540 2,120
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66 0 0 0 5,900 2,735 3,165
Romania 35 15 20 7,610 3,330 4,280
Russian Federation 75 30 50 11,565 4,485 7,080
Ukraine 60 20 45 13,425 6,015 7,410
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58 75 40 35 24,445 14,235 10,215
Other places of birth in Europe 115 55 55 40,970 20,405 20,570
Africa 370 195 180 162,800 81,545 81,245
Algeria 0 0 0 17,175 8,440 8,735
Cameroon 0 0 0 10,265 5,005 5,255
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 10 10 0 7,400 3,570 3,835
Côte d'Ivoire 25 15 10 6,240 3,030 3,210
Egypt 170 85 90 16,115 8,445 7,665
Eritrea 0 0 0 6,050 3,195 2,855
Ethiopia 0 10 0 7,510 3,625 3,890
Morocco 10 0 10 15,105 7,470 7,635
Nigeria 20 10 10 17,285 8,850 8,435
Somalia 0 0 0 5,335 2,600 2,730
South Africa, Republic of 10 0 10 5,765 2,935 2,830
Tunisia 0 0 0 6,700 3,475 3,230
Other places of birth in Africa 115 60 55 41,855 20,905 20,950
Asia 18,925 8,490 10,435 748,700 352,095 396,610
Afghanistan 90 40 50 9,240 4,530 4,710
Bangladesh 45 20 25 12,900 6,445 6,460
ChinaCensus data footnote 59 11,785 5,270 6,515 129,020 57,745 71,270
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60 625 250 380 4,975 2,090 2,880
India 1,250 600 655 147,190 75,145 72,045
IranCensus data footnote 61 1,700 850 850 42,070 20,580 21,490
Iraq 35 15 20 20,665 10,345 10,320
Israel 40 10 30 4,740 2,615 2,130
Japan 30 10 20 4,905 1,250 3,655
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62 390 190 205 21,710 9,630 12,075
Lebanon 40 25 15 9,375 4,980 4,400
Nepal 25 15 10 7,505 3,780 3,715
Pakistan 665 295 370 41,480 20,530 20,945
Philippines 880 270 610 188,810 83,050 105,760
Saudi Arabia 65 50 15 5,465 2,820 2,640
Sri Lanka 575 270 305 11,495 5,190 6,305
SyriaCensus data footnote 63 30 25 0 29,945 15,245 14,700
Taiwan 170 90 80 4,310 1,685 2,625
Turkey 20 0 15 4,255 2,365 1,890
United Arab Emirates 125 65 60 6,135 3,220 2,910
Viet Nam 75 20 55 11,210 4,500 6,705
Other places of birth in Asia 265 115 150 31,320 14,345 16,970
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64 25 15 10 7,955 4,670 3,280
Australia 20 15 0 4,965 2,950 2,010
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67 10 10 0 2,990 1,720 1,270
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68 327,400 159,720 167,675 34,460,060 16,971,575 17,488,485
First generationCensus data footnote 69 200,300 94,490 105,810 8,219,555 3,936,045 4,283,505
Second generationCensus data footnote 70 93,465 48,280 45,185 6,100,725 3,053,075 3,047,650
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71 33,645 16,955 16,690 20,139,790 9,982,460 10,157,330
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72 161,675 75,465 86,210 5,703,615 2,709,530 2,994,085
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73 87,260 43,320 43,945 2,994,130 1,496,240 1,497,885
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74 33,630 22,310 11,325 1,220,755 755,370 465,380
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75 53,630 21,010 32,620 1,773,380 740,870 1,032,510
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76 53,140 20,825 32,315 1,782,490 728,085 1,054,400
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77 17,695 9,655 8,035 858,845 453,675 405,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78 3,585 1,665 1,920 68,145 31,530 36,615
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79 327,400 159,720 167,675 34,460,065 16,971,575 17,488,485
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80 740 335 405 1,673,785 813,520 860,265
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81 695 310 395 1,629,805 792,970 836,835
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82 425 195 230 977,235 471,510 505,725
Métis 250 100 150 587,545 289,435 298,115
Inuk (Inuit) 20 15 10 65,030 32,030 32,995
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83 25 15 0 21,310 10,165 11,145
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84 20 10 10 22,670 10,385 12,290
Non-Aboriginal identity 326,660 159,390 167,275 32,786,280 16,158,060 16,628,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85 327,400 159,720 167,675 34,460,065 16,971,580 17,488,490
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86 200 85 115 820,120 395,670 424,445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 327,200 159,640 167,560 33,639,945 16,575,905 17,064,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87 327,400 159,725 167,680 34,460,065 16,971,575 17,488,490
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88 150 50 95 727,790 356,970 370,815
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89 145 45 95 709,235 347,985 361,245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82 105 40 65 573,215 280,040 293,180
Métis single ancestry 40 10 35 91,255 45,740 45,515
Inuit single ancestry 0 0 0 44,765 22,210 22,555
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90 0 0 0 18,555 8,985 9,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries 10 10 0 15,140 7,305 7,835
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 2,470 1,205 1,265
Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 770 390 380
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 170 85 85
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91 985 455 530 1,402,735 669,710 733,025
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92 965 440 525 1,347,610 644,210 703,400
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries 740 335 405 881,455 418,215 463,235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 210 95 115 441,000 213,940 227,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 15 0 10 25,155 12,045 13,105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93 15 10 0 55,125 25,505 29,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 15 10 10 49,325 22,740 26,585
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 3,470 1,655 1,815
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 10 10 0 2,005 940 1,065
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 325 170 160
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94 326,270 159,220 167,050 32,329,545 15,944,900 16,384,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95 327,400 159,725 167,675 34,460,065 16,971,575 17,488,485
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96 255,155 124,000 131,155 7,674,580 3,725,090 3,949,495
South AsianCensus data footnote 97 58,270 29,105 29,165 1,924,635 977,690 946,945
Chinese 147,725 71,610 76,115 1,577,060 746,400 830,665
Black 9,655 4,500 5,160 1,198,540 580,070 618,475
Filipino 8,905 3,780 5,120 780,125 341,800 438,330
Latin American 1,750 815 935 447,325 215,460 231,860
Arab 3,250 1,620 1,635 523,235 276,425 246,810
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98 2,520 1,105 1,415 313,260 148,880 164,385
West AsianCensus data footnote 99 7,910 4,000 3,910 264,305 133,475 130,825
Korean 4,355 2,140 2,210 188,710 89,110 99,600
Japanese 995 485 510 92,920 40,105 52,815
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100 2,920 1,385 1,530 132,090 62,540 69,550
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101 6,895 3,455 3,440 232,375 113,140 119,230
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102 72,250 35,725 36,525 26,785,480 13,246,485 13,539,000
Ethnic origin populationThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103 327,400 159,725 167,675 34,460,065 16,971,575 17,488,485
North American Aboriginal origins 1,130 510 625 2,130,520 1,026,675 1,103,840
First Nations (North American Indian) 860 390 465 1,525,570 731,410 794,155
Inuit 20 10 10 79,130 38,695 40,435
Métis 275 120 150 599,995 291,310 308,690
Other North American origins 22,360 11,310 11,045 11,628,535 5,745,695 5,882,835
Acadian 65 20 45 119,675 57,805 61,865
American 1,315 665 655 377,405 182,690 194,715
Canadian 21,435 10,850 10,585 11,135,965 5,501,595 5,634,370
New Brunswicker 0 0 0 1,490 800 685
Newfoundlander 35 25 10 22,215 11,420 10,800
Nova Scotian 45 30 25 3,700 1,770 1,930
Ontarian 10 0 10 3,925 1,980 1,945
Québécois 35 15 15 194,560 99,320 95,235
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104 0 0 0 1,895 950 945
European origins 72,825 35,885 36,945 19,683,320 9,687,715 9,995,605
British Isles origins 35,225 17,330 17,895 11,211,850 5,474,735 5,737,115
Channel Islander 25 15 10 3,595 1,740 1,855
Cornish 0 0 0 1,975 995 975
English 20,555 10,185 10,370 6,320,085 3,069,515 3,250,570
Irish 13,905 6,860 7,040 4,627,000 2,195,620 2,431,385
Manx 30 15 10 6,125 3,090 3,040
Scottish 14,655 7,055 7,600 4,799,005 2,323,390 2,475,620
Welsh 1,290 620 670 474,805 226,600 248,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105 2,830 1,325 1,510 644,695 307,090 337,610
French origins 5,845 2,765 3,080 4,680,820 2,283,480 2,397,340
Alsatian 0 0 10 2,800 1,300 1,495
Breton 0 0 0 11,845 5,765 6,080
Corsican 0 0 0 1,750 950 805
French 5,845 2,765 3,080 4,670,595 2,278,430 2,392,165
Western European origins (except French origins) 10,345 5,245 5,100 4,600,855 2,258,095 2,342,760
Austrian 985 525 460 207,050 100,775 106,275
Bavarian 0 0 0 940 485 455
Belgian 265 115 145 186,665 91,395 95,270
Dutch 2,365 1,205 1,160 1,111,655 546,565 565,090
Flemish 15 10 0 11,685 5,730 5,960
Frisian 20 15 10 4,590 2,395 2,195
German 7,160 3,600 3,560 3,322,405 1,626,785 1,695,615
Luxembourger 20 15 10 3,915 2,025 1,890
Swiss 450 250 205 155,120 76,935 78,185
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106 0 0 0 3,365 1,645 1,720
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 1,685 840 850 1,201,320 579,005 622,315
Danish 385 215 165 207,470 100,660 106,810
Finnish 510 220 285 143,645 69,045 74,600
Icelandic 75 35 30 101,795 49,875 51,915
Norwegian 320 165 150 463,275 223,075 240,200
Swedish 430 210 220 349,645 163,545 186,095
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107 100 45 55 52,780 26,965 25,820
Eastern European origins 13,910 6,935 6,980 3,431,245 1,666,740 1,764,505
Bulgarian 265 130 140 34,565 16,935 17,625
Byelorussian 205 75 130 20,710 10,190 10,515
Czech 430 225 205 104,580 51,555 53,030
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108 115 45 75 40,715 19,235 21,480
Estonian 250 105 150 24,530 11,715 12,815
Hungarian 1,485 765 725 348,085 170,040 178,045
Latvian 245 115 125 30,725 14,920 15,805
Lithuanian 700 320 375 59,285 28,745 30,535
Moldovan 80 45 35 14,915 7,265 7,650
Polish 5,015 2,555 2,460 1,106,585 533,830 572,750
Romanian 1,800 940 860 238,050 114,705 123,345
Russian 3,840 1,870 1,965 622,445 297,600 324,850
Slovak 250 135 115 72,285 35,360 36,925
Ukrainian 2,800 1,425 1,370 1,359,655 663,560 696,095
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109 160 85 70 20,415 9,895 10,520
Southern European origins 26,495 13,200 13,295 3,012,375 1,494,605 1,517,775
Albanian 165 75 90 36,185 18,385 17,800
Bosnian 95 60 40 26,740 13,320 13,420
Catalan 15 15 0 1,280 740 535
Croatian 435 225 205 133,970 67,825 66,140
Cypriot 85 35 55 5,650 2,850 2,795
Greek 6,215 3,105 3,115 271,410 137,405 134,005
Italian 12,060 6,025 6,035 1,587,965 794,525 793,445
Kosovar 0 0 0 2,865 1,470 1,395
Macedonian 2,280 1,110 1,170 43,110 21,650 21,460
Maltese 240 100 145 41,920 20,955 20,965
Montenegrin 35 30 10 4,160 2,180 1,985
Portuguese 3,180 1,625 1,560 482,605 239,360 243,250
Serbian 630 325 305 96,530 49,095 47,440
Sicilian 85 45 45 6,940 3,500 3,435
Slovenian 200 115 95 40,470 20,105 20,365
Spanish 3,125 1,520 1,605 396,460 184,520 211,945
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110 180 85 95 38,480 18,620 19,860
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111 0 0 0 2,170 1,030 1,135
Other European origins 1,785 970 815 226,695 115,110 111,580
Basque 20 15 0 6,965 3,690 3,275
Jewish 1,420 750 665 143,660 72,625 71,035
Roma (Gypsy) 0 10 0 4,630 2,195 2,440
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112 40 15 20 4,870 2,560 2,310
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113 310 185 125 67,890 34,730 33,160
Caribbean origins 10,665 5,010 5,655 749,155 349,810 399,345
Antiguan 50 10 40 4,500 2,115 2,385
Bahamian 90 70 20 3,675 1,915 1,760
Barbadian 670 320 355 37,780 17,745 20,035
Bermudan 10 0 10 3,075 1,435 1,640
Carib 15 15 10 3,030 1,175 1,860
Cuban 145 75 75 29,065 13,800 15,270
Dominican 145 80 60 23,130 11,000 12,125
Grenadian 235 95 145 17,915 7,835 10,080
Guadeloupean 0 0 0 1,125 515 605
Haitian 140 55 80 165,095 76,460 88,635
Jamaican 6,175 2,895 3,275 309,485 145,080 164,410
Kittitian/Nevisian 55 30 25 2,915 1,460 1,460
Martinican 0 0 0 2,010 900 1,110
Montserratan 0 0 10 930 460 470
Puerto Rican 15 10 10 3,405 1,645 1,765
St. Lucian 60 35 25 8,985 4,095 4,890
Trinidadian/Tobagonian 1,640 760 880 78,965 37,325 41,635
Vincentian/Grenadinian 240 110 125 17,420 7,475 9,945
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114 1,770 835 930 70,270 31,625 38,645
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115 280 110 165 26,830 12,520 14,310
Latin, Central and South American origins 5,205 2,465 2,750 674,640 325,210 349,430
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya) 100 45 55 22,725 10,875 11,850
Arawak 0 0 0 1,440 610 830
Argentinian 230 105 120 20,680 10,130 10,545
Belizean 30 30 0 1,755 915 845
Bolivian 15 10 0 5,055 2,480 2,580
Brazilian 280 105 175 36,830 17,380 19,455
Chilean 95 40 60 45,190 22,280 22,910
Colombian 395 195 195 96,325 45,590 50,735
Costa Rican 10 10 10 5,535 2,680 2,855
Ecuadorian 235 110 125 25,405 11,995 13,415
Guatemalan 50 30 20 26,275 13,360 12,915
Guyanese 2,455 1,205 1,250 84,275 39,530 44,745
Hispanic 20 15 0 11,055 5,380 5,670
Honduran 0 0 0 10,650 5,235 5,415
Maya 10 10 0 6,285 3,350 2,940
Mexican 400 175 225 128,485 62,890 65,595
Nicaraguan 25 15 15 13,705 6,650 7,055
Panamanian 80 40 40 4,700 2,210 2,495
Paraguayan 20 10 10 4,325 2,165 2,160
Peruvian 360 155 205 42,145 19,645 22,505
Salvadorean 160 50 110 66,220 32,960 33,255
Uruguayan 65 20 45 6,795 3,390 3,410
Venezuelan 245 115 130 26,345 12,220 14,125
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116 215 105 105 28,455 13,930 14,525
African origins 7,520 3,690 3,830 1,067,930 539,805 528,120
Central and West African origins 835 410 425 230,110 118,040 112,070
Akan 10 10 0 1,955 1,090 870
Angolan 10 10 0 2,960 1,475 1,480
Ashanti 15 0 10 1,585 855 735
Beninese 0 0 0 4,995 2,670 2,320
Burkinabe 0 0 0 3,150 1,665 1,485
Cameroonian 40 20 20 24,615 12,390 12,230
Chadian 0 0 0 1,845 955 885
Congolese 65 30 30 38,365 18,925 19,440
Edo 0 0 0 1,945 1,095 855
Ewe 0 0 0 845 470 375
Gabonese 0 0 0 1,405 660 750
Gambian 10 0 0 975 495 475
Ghanaian 270 135 130 35,495 17,720 17,770
Guinean 30 25 0 7,240 3,785 3,455
Ibo 55 20 35 5,315 2,850 2,470
Ivorian 25 10 15 10,935 5,485 5,450
Liberian 0 0 0 2,485 1,130 1,360
Malian 0 0 0 4,490 2,280 2,210
Malinké 45 25 25 1,125 585 535
Nigerian 205 90 115 51,835 27,025 24,805
Peulh 0 0 0 2,435 1,270 1,170
Senegalese 20 0 10 10,175 5,500 4,670
Sierra Leonean 0 0 0 2,620 1,330 1,295
Togolese 10 0 0 5,300 2,870 2,430
Wolof 0 0 0 840 495 345
Yoruba 60 25 30 9,585 5,075 4,515
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117 40 25 10 15,380 7,940 7,445
North African origins 2,485 1,255 1,230 355,045 185,775 169,270
Algerian 45 0 30 67,335 34,755 32,580
Berber 0 10 0 37,060 19,685 17,375
Coptic 210 105 105 3,535 1,860 1,680
Dinka 0 0 0 900 500 400
Egyptian 1,915 995 920 99,140 51,730 47,410
Libyan 35 20 20 7,740 4,135 3,605
Maure 0 0 0 1,190 655 535
Moroccan 200 80 120 103,940 54,005 49,945
Sudanese 115 45 65 19,960 10,315 9,645
Tunisian 35 20 10 25,645 13,985 11,665
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118 10 0 0 6,115 3,320 2,795
Southern and East African origins 2,215 1,115 1,095 260,145 128,325 131,815
Afrikaner 35 15 20 1,870 955 915
Amhara 0 0 0 1,530 815 715
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119 0 0 0 3,965 2,175 1,785
Burundian 30 15 15 10,990 5,405 5,580
Djiboutian 0 0 0 1,710 790 920
Eritrean 55 25 30 25,255 12,830 12,430
Ethiopian 320 180 145 44,065 21,680 22,385
Harari 50 25 25 665 355 305
Kenyan 160 75 85 10,915 5,230 5,685
Malagasy 0 0 0 4,500 2,175 2,325
Mauritian 235 145 90 9,325 4,655 4,665
Oromo 15 10 10 3,350 1,745 1,605
Rwandan 0 0 0 10,775 5,065 5,705
Seychellois 0 0 0 1,285 575 710
Somali 215 105 115 62,550 30,215 32,330
South African 690 335 355 41,375 20,575 20,800
Tanzanian 145 85 65 4,710 2,400 2,310
Tigrian 0 0 0 2,155 1,160 995
Ugandan 55 30 30 5,705 2,875 2,830
Zambian 0 0 0 1,860 935 920
Zimbabwean 65 30 30 8,090 3,975 4,110
Zulu 0 0 10 945 475 475
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120 280 125 150 17,305 8,445 8,860
Other African origins 2,030 930 1,100 239,560 116,400 123,165
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121 300 125 175 30,385 14,015 16,370
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122 1,755 820 930 212,005 103,790 108,215
Asian origins 242,105 117,750 124,355 6,095,235 2,958,120 3,137,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 15,735 7,875 7,860 1,011,145 518,170 492,980
Afghan 1,430 715 720 83,995 42,320 41,675
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123 560 280 280 111,400 58,930 52,475
Armenian 1,860 945 925 63,810 31,505 32,305
Assyrian 55 25 30 13,835 7,115 6,720
Azerbaijani 220 115 100 6,425 3,230 3,200
Georgian 85 65 15 4,775 2,430 2,345
Hazara 50 25 20 1,515 810 705
Iranian 8,120 4,115 4,000 210,405 106,565 103,840
Iraqi 640 290 350 70,925 35,965 34,955
Israeli 360 150 210 28,735 15,065 13,675
Jordanian 70 45 20 14,250 7,520 6,735
Kazakh 10 10 0 3,330 1,615 1,710
Kurd 100 55 40 16,315 8,810 7,515
Kuwaiti 0 0 0 2,235 1,185 1,055
Kyrgyz 10 10 0 1,060 510 550
Lebanese 1,185 540 645 219,555 112,970 106,590
Palestinian 345 170 180 44,820 23,900 20,920
Pashtun 65 35 30 4,810 2,565 2,245
Saudi Arabian 30 20 10 6,810 3,935 2,880
Syrian 255 100 155 77,045 38,445 38,600
Tajik 95 45 50 2,905 1,410 1,495
Tatar 45 25 15 4,825 2,155 2,670
Turk 655 375 275 63,955 32,855 31,100
Turkmen 0 0 0 1,040 540 500
Uighur 0 0 0 1,555 775 785
Uzbek 60 40 25 3,920 1,920 2,000
Yemeni 165 95 70 6,645 3,335 3,305
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124 260 130 130 25,280 13,180 12,100
South Asian origins 58,880 29,255 29,620 1,963,330 993,595 969,735
Bangladeshi 320 165 150 45,940 23,645 22,300
Bengali 250 115 135 22,900 11,730 11,180
Bhutanese 0 0 0 3,600 1,765 1,835
East Indian 33,070 16,350 16,720 1,374,710 694,990 679,720
Goan 290 140 155 6,070 2,915 3,155
Gujarati 330 135 200 8,350 4,305 4,050
Kashmiri 50 40 15 3,115 1,605 1,510
Nepali 80 40 35 17,140 8,715 8,420
Pakistani 5,720 2,960 2,770 215,555 110,420 105,140
Punjabi 1,030 520 515 118,400 61,155 57,240
Sinhalese 245 150 95 7,285 3,605 3,685
Sri Lankan 14,340 6,995 7,350 152,595 75,010 77,585
Tamil 5,780 3,025 2,755 48,670 24,845 23,825
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125 2,905 1,465 1,445 76,400 38,815 37,585
East and Southeast Asian origins 169,040 81,355 87,685 3,163,360 1,467,205 1,696,155
Burmese 150 55 95 9,335 4,535 4,795
Cambodian (Khmer) 75 25 45 38,490 18,515 19,980
Chinese 152,090 73,745 78,350 1,769,195 836,150 933,045
Filipino 10,265 4,500 5,765 837,130 369,105 468,025
Hmong 15 10 10 805 420 390
Indonesian 475 250 225 21,390 9,950 11,440
Japanese 1,575 750 825 121,485 53,415 68,070
Karen 0 0 0 4,510 2,275 2,240
Korean 4,840 2,405 2,435 198,210 93,680 104,525
Laotian 105 50 50 24,580 12,190 12,390
Malaysian 505 255 250 16,920 7,735 9,185
Mongolian 70 35 35 7,480 3,560 3,915
Singaporean 135 65 70 2,850 1,325 1,520
Taiwanese 1,045 505 540 36,510 16,570 19,945
Thai 135 50 85 19,010 7,330 11,680
Tibetan 15 0 10 8,040 4,055 3,985
Vietnamese 2,970 1,340 1,630 240,615 115,935 124,680
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126 200 115 95 6,500 3,150 3,355
Other Asian origins 485 250 240 22,745 11,280 11,460
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127 490 250 240 22,740 11,280 11,460
Oceania origins 230 135 100 85,470 43,030 42,440
Australian 115 65 50 42,315 21,710 20,605
New Zealander 60 35 25 15,395 8,065 7,330
Pacific Islands origins 55 30 20 29,485 14,240 15,250
Fijian 30 20 10 19,375 9,280 10,090
Hawaiian 0 0 0 3,295 1,500 1,795
Maori 0 0 0 2,500 1,310 1,195
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128 0 0 0 1,530 725 805
Samoan 0 0 0 1,100 625 475
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129 20 10 10 2,335 1,145 1,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130 102,680 ... ... 14,072,075 ... ...
Owner 88,395 ... ... 9,541,320 ... ...
Renter 14,285 ... ... 4,474,530 ... ...
Band housing 0 ... ... 56,230 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131 102,675 ... ... 14,072,075 ... ...
Condominium 17,770 ... ... 1,874,840 ... ...
Not condominium 84,905 ... ... 12,197,240 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132 102,675 ... ... 14,072,080 ... ...
No bedrooms 150 ... ... 93,345 ... ...
1 bedroom 7,765 ... ... 1,925,015 ... ...
2 bedrooms 11,400 ... ... 3,547,090 ... ...
3 bedrooms 29,560 ... ... 4,836,485 ... ...
4 or more bedrooms 53,800 ... ... 3,670,145 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133 102,680 ... ... 14,072,075 ... ...
1 to 4 rooms 21,185 ... ... 4,068,915 ... ...
5 rooms 14,310 ... ... 2,177,045 ... ...
6 rooms 15,685 ... ... 1,981,585 ... ...
7 rooms 15,005 ... ... 1,790,180 ... ...
8 or more rooms 36,495 ... ... 4,054,355 ... ...
Average number of rooms per dwelling 6.7 ... ... 6.2 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134 102,675 ... ... 14,072,080 ... ...
One person or fewer per room 98,575 ... ... 13,802,060 ... ...
More than 1 person per room 4,100 ... ... 270,020 ... ...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135 102,675 ... ... 14,072,075 ... ...
Suitable 95,655 ... ... 13,376,345 ... ...
Not suitable 7,020 ... ... 695,730 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136 102,680 ... ... 14,072,080 ... ...
1960 or before 2,800 ... ... 3,126,380 ... ...
1961 to 1980 18,030 ... ... 4,185,510 ... ...
1981 to 1990 20,970 ... ... 1,977,640 ... ...
1991 to 2000 16,365 ... ... 1,746,390 ... ...
2001 to 2005 16,560 ... ... 976,390 ... ...
2006 to 2010 13,900 ... ... 1,089,750 ... ...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137 14,045 ... ... 970,015 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138 102,675 ... ... 14,072,080 ... ...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed 99,875 ... ... 13,151,600 ... ...
Major repairs needed 2,805 ... ... 920,480 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139 102,675 ... ... 14,072,080 ... ...
1 household maintainer 51,275 ... ... 8,324,865 ... ...
2 household maintainers 46,120 ... ... 5,404,800 ... ...
3 or more household maintainers 5,275 ... ... 342,415 ... ...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140 102,675 ... ... 14,072,080 ... ...
15 to 24 years 1,155 ... ... 437,230 ... ...
25 to 34 years 10,400 ... ... 1,991,685 ... ...
35 to 44 years 19,370 ... ... 2,414,920 ... ...
45 to 54 years 26,025 ... ... 2,862,870 ... ...
55 to 64 years 22,840 ... ... 2,859,315 ... ...
65 to 74 years 14,525 ... ... 2,034,220 ... ...
75 to 84 years 6,380 ... ... 1,084,700 ... ...
85 years and over 1,985 ... ... 387,135 ... ...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141 102,430 ... ... 13,798,305 ... ...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs 67,310 ... ... 10,472,355 ... ...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs 35,115 ... ... 3,325,950 ... ...
30% to less than 100% 28,075 ... ... 2,861,615 ... ...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 88,390 ... ... 9,368,330 ... ...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142 61.6 ... ... 60.7 ... ...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141 31.2 ... ... 16.6 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 1,682 ... ... 1,130 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 1,785 ... ... 1,313 ... ...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144 802,349 ... ... 341,556 ... ...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144 893,165 ... ... 443,058 ... ...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 14,275 ... ... 4,452,850 ... ...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145 7.5 ... ... 13.0 ... ...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141 53.2 ... ... 40.0 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 1,459 ... ... 910 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 1,436 ... ... 1,002 ... ...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146 272,050 131,175 140,875 28,643,015 13,990,435 14,652,580
No certificate, diploma or degree 45,325 20,535 24,790 5,239,575 2,667,995 2,571,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147 71,590 34,335 37,255 7,576,400 3,686,630 3,889,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 155,140 76,310 78,830 15,827,040 7,635,805 8,191,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 7,795 4,930 2,875 2,800,260 1,906,610 893,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148 4,455 2,520 1,935 1,549,880 880,365 669,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149 3,345 2,405 940 1,250,385 1,026,250 224,140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 41,685 18,695 22,990 5,553,825 2,326,940 3,226,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 8,245 3,995 4,255 813,335 331,940 481,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 97,405 48,700 48,705 6,659,615 3,070,315 3,589,300
Bachelor's degree 68,265 32,995 35,270 4,443,835 1,967,905 2,475,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 5,300 2,565 2,735 462,295 203,725 258,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 2,450 1,215 1,235 190,925 102,530 88,395
Master's degree 19,105 10,395 8,710 1,331,045 651,510 679,535
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150 2,285 1,525 760 231,510 144,640 86,870
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146 180,935 85,690 95,250 18,931,380 9,268,555 9,662,830
No certificate, diploma or degree 18,840 8,690 10,155 2,169,790 1,200,110 969,685
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147 39,450 18,320 21,130 4,494,585 2,247,020 2,247,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 122,640 58,680 63,960 12,267,005 5,821,425 6,445,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 5,000 3,020 1,975 2,042,430 1,377,775 664,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148 2,915 1,555 1,350 1,145,035 639,785 505,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149 2,085 1,465 625 897,390 737,990 159,405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 32,040 14,125 17,920 4,241,985 1,786,065 2,455,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 6,270 2,885 3,385 580,885 240,040 340,850
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 79,325 38,650 40,675 5,401,705 2,417,555 2,984,155
Bachelor's degree 54,920 26,000 28,925 3,590,080 1,562,160 2,027,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 4,120 1,890 2,230 362,455 151,205 211,250
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 1,930 875 1,050 153,290 74,440 78,855
Master's degree 16,530 8,745 7,790 1,120,190 527,335 592,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150 1,825 1,145 680 175,685 102,415 73,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151 272,050 131,175 140,875 28,643,015 13,990,430 14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152 116,910 54,860 62,050 12,815,980 6,354,625 6,461,350
Education 7,610 1,505 6,105 1,060,095 251,290 808,800
13. Education 7,615 1,510 6,105 1,060,095 251,290 808,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 5,480 2,345 3,135 596,230 268,050 328,180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 635 445 190 99,020 72,865 26,150
50. Visual and performing arts 4,845 1,900 2,950 497,210 195,185 302,025
Humanities 8,820 2,815 6,000 850,840 330,490 520,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics 1,315 290 1,025 98,000 22,100 75,900
23. English language and literature/letters 2,205 515 1,690 178,590 52,785 125,810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 3,100 925 2,180 275,525 104,135 171,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153 25 15 10 4,160 1,640 2,520
38. Philosophy and religious studies 370 185 185 51,930 30,185 21,750
39. Theology and religious vocations 655 410 240 77,490 46,285 31,200
54. History 895 445 450 111,465 59,965 51,500
55. French language and literature/letters 250 35 215 53,680 13,400 40,290
Social and behavioural sciences and law 18,415 6,895 11,520 1,761,900 586,455 1,175,445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 160 20 135 24,685 5,660 19,025
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 1,530 630 900 182,275 68,030 114,245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 2,315 245 2,070 324,660 26,065 298,595
22. Legal professions and studies 2,565 1,040 1,525 289,600 102,660 186,945
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154 270 50 220 35,445 8,150 27,295
42. Psychology 2,525 625 1,900 281,470 71,230 210,230
45. Social sciences 9,045 4,290 4,760 623,775 304,660 319,110
Business, management and public administration 44,215 19,520 24,695 3,360,045 1,272,475 2,087,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science 95 45 55 6,190 1,850 4,340
44. Public administration and social service professions 1,435 315 1,120 237,835 48,815 189,015
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 42,680 19,160 23,520 3,116,025 1,221,805 1,894,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies 8,695 4,065 4,630 614,280 315,665 298,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 3,390 1,410 1,975 249,955 105,560 144,400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 2,515 1,095 1,420 125,600 61,685 63,915
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155 195 65 135 28,155 12,625 15,530
40. Physical sciences 2,330 1,410 920 179,305 122,815 56,485
41. Science technologies/technicians 270 90 180 31,270 12,980 18,290
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 13,370 8,885 4,485 651,480 420,370 231,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 10,395 7,245 3,150 514,685 356,435 158,250
25. Library science 205 35 170 40,820 6,495 34,320
27. Mathematics and statistics 2,495 1,405 1,090 86,655 50,930 35,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156 275 200 75 9,325 6,510 2,815
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 27,285 23,175 4,110 3,327,405 3,022,700 304,700
04. Architecture and related services 1,415 935 480 114,315 72,880 41,435
14. Engineering 15,590 12,560 3,030 752,465 615,880 136,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields 4,510 4,070 440 620,065 551,855 68,205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 10 0 0 410 85 325
46. Construction trades 1,755 1,715 40 702,155 682,710 19,445
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 2,830 2,775 55 731,135 709,430 21,705
48. Precision production 1,175 1,115 55 406,855 389,850 17,005
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 1,430 790 640 339,050 219,040 120,010
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences 855 490 360 205,930 127,925 78,005
03. Natural resources and conservation 575 300 280 133,120 91,115 42,005
Health and related fields 15,470 4,260 11,215 2,266,720 441,180 1,825,545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies 1,355 735 620 164,295 81,260 83,040
51. Health professions and related programs 13,535 3,225 10,310 2,047,680 329,010 1,718,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs 585 300 285 54,740 30,910 23,830
Personal, protective and transportation services 4,325 2,050 2,275 995,825 507,200 488,630
12. Personal and culinary services 2,960 955 2,005 565,555 151,530 414,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 10 10 0 3,505 3,080 420
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 45 45 0 7,900 7,230 670
43. Security and protective services 785 620 160 206,745 150,540 56,205
49. Transportation and materials moving 530 415 115 212,125 194,810 17,315
Other 20 0 20 3,170 885 2,280
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other 25 0 25 3,170 890 2,280
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151 180,935 85,685 95,250 18,931,385 9,268,555 9,662,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152 58,295 27,005 31,290 6,664,380 3,447,130 3,217,250
Education 5,130 995 4,140 727,515 160,315 567,205
13. Education 5,130 990 4,140 727,515 160,315 567,200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 4,310 1,820 2,485 467,905 208,365 259,545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 500 360 135 74,530 53,995 20,535
50. Visual and performing arts 3,810 1,465 2,350 393,375 154,370 239,005
Humanities 6,620 1,980 4,645 614,815 232,425 382,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics 1,045 190 850 76,540 16,200 60,340
23. English language and literature/letters 1,670 350 1,315 133,800 38,310 95,485
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 2,345 645 1,700 191,005 71,770 119,235
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153 15 10 0 3,140 1,250 1,895
38. Philosophy and religious studies 275 140 135 37,870 21,930 15,940
39. Theology and religious vocations 505 335 165 52,295 31,200 21,090
54. History 590 275 310 82,565 43,475 39,085
55. French language and literature/letters 185 20 160 37,600 8,285 29,315
Social and behavioural sciences and law 14,595 5,245 9,350 1,417,625 453,100 964,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 130 15 115 20,300 4,595 15,705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 1,175 460 710 152,080 56,125 95,955
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 1,770 175 1,595 259,845 19,160 240,685
22. Legal professions and studies 2,050 760 1,295 241,170 76,720 164,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154 195 40 155 27,310 6,390 20,920
42. Psychology 1,880 410 1,465 218,470 51,570 166,900
45. Social sciences 7,395 3,385 4,010 498,450 238,540 259,915
Business, management and public administration 36,400 15,140 21,260 2,696,770 1,000,895 1,695,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science 90 40 55 4,955 1,480 3,475
44. Public administration and social service professions 1,110 210 900 192,190 36,890 155,305
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 35,200 14,890 20,310 2,499,625 962,530 1,537,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies 6,390 2,860 3,530 449,870 222,120 227,755
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 2,440 960 1,480 195,830 79,945 115,880
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 1,910 805 1,110 89,205 42,265 46,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155 155 50 100 9,280 3,850 5,430
40. Physical sciences 1,675 985 685 132,935 87,025 45,905
41. Science technologies/technicians 210 60 160 22,625 9,035 13,590
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 12,235 8,125 4,105 567,415 368,840 198,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 9,745 6,785 2,965 464,000 321,805 142,190
25. Library science 160 35 130 29,955 4,870 25,080
27. Mathematics and statistics 2,095 1,150 945 65,620 36,895 28,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156 235 155 75 7,840 5,270 2,575
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 20,950 17,370 3,580 2,532,555 2,271,735 260,820
04. Architecture and related services 1,060 660 400 93,135 57,280 35,850
14. Engineering 12,715 10,005 2,715 612,265 490,980 121,285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields 3,180 2,835 350 475,045 418,595 56,450
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 0 0 0 350 70 275
46. Construction trades 1,195 1,165 30 515,630 499,670 15,960
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 2,025 1,985 40 540,800 523,425 17,375
48. Precision production 775 720 50 295,335 281,715 13,620
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 1,105 570 530 269,445 167,680 101,770
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences 640 335 300 159,975 94,680 65,295
03. Natural resources and conservation 465 235 225 109,470 73,000 36,470
Health and related fields 11,675 3,140 8,535 1,749,545 342,395 1,407,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies 970 510 465 129,560 63,315 66,245
51. Health professions and related programs 10,275 2,420 7,850 1,576,945 256,895 1,320,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs 430 210 225 43,040 22,185 20,860
Personal, protective and transportation services 3,220 1,440 1,780 770,950 392,820 378,135
12. Personal and culinary services 2,305 705 1,595 431,415 114,395 317,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 0 0 0 2,725 2,355 375
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 25 25 0 4,425 3,975 445
43. Security and protective services 525 415 105 162,995 116,750 46,240
49. Transportation and materials moving 365 285 75 169,400 155,340 14,050
Other 15 0 15 2,590 745 1,845
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other 15 0 15 2,585 740 1,845
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157 272,050 131,175 140,880 28,643,015 13,990,435 14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 116,910 54,860 62,050 12,815,975 6,354,625 6,461,350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158 155,140 76,310 78,825 15,827,040 7,635,805 8,191,235
Location of study inside Canada 99,450 48,960 50,490 13,117,190 6,299,305 6,817,890
Same as province or territory of residence 92,700 45,470 47,225 11,519,215 5,503,640 6,015,575
Different than province or territory of residence 6,750 3,495 3,260 1,597,975 795,655 802,315
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159 55,690 27,350 28,340 2,709,850 1,336,505 1,373,345
United StatesCensus data footnote 160 4,555 2,610 1,945 349,540 189,995 159,545
Philippines 3,635 1,180 2,460 298,830 109,820 189,020
India 6,490 3,195 3,300 281,415 142,410 138,995
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161 3,590 2,070 1,525 232,035 131,050 100,980
ChinaCensus data footnote 162 13,830 6,645 7,190 205,375 94,690 110,685
France 220 125 95 88,860 50,400 38,455
Other 23,365 11,530 11,830 1,253,790 618,135 635,655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157 180,930 85,685 95,250 18,931,380 9,268,555 9,662,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 58,295 27,005 31,290 6,664,380 3,447,125 3,217,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158 122,640 58,680 63,960 12,267,005 5,821,430 6,445,575
Location of study inside Canada 79,335 38,495 40,835 10,134,590 4,807,045 5,327,545
Same as province or territory of residence 74,070 35,780 38,290 8,918,160 4,207,495 4,710,665
Different than province or territory of residence 5,265 2,710 2,550 1,216,425 599,545 616,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159 43,305 20,190 23,120 2,132,415 1,014,385 1,118,030
United StatesCensus data footnote 160 3,655 2,010 1,645 254,245 131,955 122,290
Philippines 2,800 830 1,970 263,095 96,025 167,065
India 5,175 2,430 2,750 239,535 117,445 122,090
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161 2,235 1,245 990 133,655 73,575 60,085
ChinaCensus data footnote 162 11,750 5,520 6,230 175,825 79,635 96,190
France 175 95 80 72,920 40,610 32,310
Other 17,510 8,055 9,455 993,135 475,145 517,990
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163 272,050 131,175 140,875 28,643,020 13,990,430 14,652,585
In the labour force 172,130 89,745 82,385 18,672,475 9,731,830 8,940,645
Employed 159,640 83,580 76,060 17,230,040 8,923,540 8,306,490
Unemployed 12,495 6,165 6,330 1,442,435 808,285 634,150
Not in the labour force 99,920 41,430 58,490 9,970,545 4,258,605 5,711,945
Participation rate 63.3 68.4 58.5 65.2 69.6 61.0
Employment rate 58.7 63.7 54.0 60.2 63.8 56.7
Unemployment rate 7.3 6.9 7.7 7.7 8.3 7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164 272,050 131,170 140,880 28,643,020 13,990,430 14,652,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165 95,585 39,590 56,005 9,282,005 3,930,570 5,351,440
Worked 176,465 91,585 84,875 19,361,010 10,059,865 9,301,150
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166 89,930 50,180 39,750 9,626,010 5,402,110 4,223,895
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167 86,530 41,405 45,125 9,735,005 4,657,755 5,077,245
Average weeks worked in reference year 42.4 43.1 41.6 42.4 42.9 42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168 172,135 89,745 82,390 18,672,470 9,731,825 8,940,640
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 4,850 2,205 2,645 404,350 197,705 206,640
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170 167,285 87,535 79,750 18,268,125 9,534,120 8,734,000
Employee 143,110 71,835 71,270 16,073,685 8,158,745 7,914,940
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171 24,180 15,705 8,475 2,194,440 1,375,380 819,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172 172,135 89,745 82,385 18,672,470 9,731,830 8,940,645
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 4,850 2,205 2,640 404,350 197,710 206,640
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170 167,290 87,540 79,750 18,268,120 9,534,120 8,734,005
0 Management occupations 21,920 13,885 8,030 2,013,370 1,251,165 762,205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations 33,775 11,945 21,835 2,874,305 862,870 2,011,440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 19,980 15,270 4,700 1,273,660 990,560 283,105
3 Health occupations 9,030 2,475 6,555 1,245,885 244,730 1,001,155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services 16,190 4,910 11,280 2,138,445 672,945 1,465,495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 5,215 2,610 2,610 557,275 255,705 301,570
6 Sales and service occupations 40,005 19,820 20,190 4,265,895 1,843,510 2,422,390
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 12,595 11,665 930 2,668,875 2,504,290 164,585
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 915 760 155 416,135 331,920 84,215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 7,660 4,195 3,470 814,285 576,435 237,845
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173 172,135 89,745 82,390 18,672,475 9,731,830 8,940,640
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 4,850 2,205 2,640 404,350 197,710 206,640
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170 167,285 87,535 79,745 18,268,125 9,534,120 8,734,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 295 165 125 444,680 310,000 134,675
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 210 145 65 271,300 219,880 51,420
22 Utilities 910 615 300 136,350 100,135 36,210
23 Construction 7,135 6,040 1,095 1,365,010 1,196,550 168,455
31-33 Manufacturing 15,160 9,450 5,715 1,596,570 1,149,745 446,820
41 Wholesale trade 9,675 6,085 3,590 665,685 451,230 214,455
44-45 Retail trade 18,830 9,595 9,235 2,110,200 984,090 1,126,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 5,635 4,120 1,515 876,050 656,375 219,670
51 Information and cultural industries 5,495 3,220 2,275 420,350 243,650 176,705
52 Finance and insurance 17,555 8,510 9,050 790,580 327,865 462,715
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 5,460 3,015 2,450 333,305 184,350 148,955
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 20,615 12,055 8,565 1,335,125 740,520 594,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises 430 180 245 28,795 12,795 16,000
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 7,040 3,915 3,125 802,420 462,825 339,590
61 Educational services 11,650 3,735 7,915 1,346,585 420,845 925,735
62 Health care and social assistance 14,060 3,185 10,880 2,138,025 383,755 1,754,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 2,530 1,450 1,080 379,740 192,875 186,865
72 Accommodation and food services 12,035 6,345 5,695 1,283,725 535,210 748,515
81 Other services (except public administration) 6,930 2,915 4,015 814,695 371,880 442,815
91 Public administration 5,610 2,805 2,815 1,128,945 589,530 539,405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174 159,635 83,575 76,060 17,230,035 8,923,540 8,306,495
Worked at home 13,310 6,845 6,465 1,272,285 639,500 632,785
Worked outside Canada 1,760 1,230 535 78,815 54,235 24,580
No fixed workplace address 16,670 11,660 5,010 1,987,260 1,487,445 499,820
Worked at usual place 127,895 63,845 64,050 13,891,675 6,742,360 7,149,315
Commuting destinationThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data 127,895 63,845 64,050 13,891,680 6,742,365 7,149,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence 40,260 18,625 21,635 8,102,115 3,723,115 4,379,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence 18,160 9,420 8,740 2,906,390 1,435,640 1,470,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence 69,170 35,630 33,535 2,725,205 1,492,170 1,233,030
Commute to a different province or territory 305 170 135 157,970 91,445 66,525
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175 144,565 75,505 69,065 15,878,940 8,229,810 7,649,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver 105,735 59,670 46,065 11,748,095 6,380,120 5,367,975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger 10,665 3,230 7,435 868,920 349,855 519,065
Public transit 23,520 10,545 12,980 1,968,215 846,735 1,121,485
Walked 3,060 1,220 1,835 877,985 392,950 485,030
Bicycle 465 315 145 222,130 146,615 75,515
Other method 1,125 525 600 193,595 113,525 80,060
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176 144,565 75,505 69,060 15,878,945 8,229,810 7,649,130
Less than 15 minutes 18,125 8,130 9,995 4,449,920 2,071,365 2,378,555
15 to 29 minutes 41,675 20,540 21,130 5,314,295 2,725,165 2,589,130
30 to 44 minutes 37,695 20,835 16,855 3,228,845 1,782,680 1,446,165
45 to 59 minutes 17,775 10,080 7,695 1,391,060 768,115 622,940
60 minutes and over 29,295 15,920 13,380 1,494,830 882,485 612,345
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177 144,565 75,505 69,060 15,878,940 8,229,810 7,649,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m. 5,155 3,595 1,560 1,073,680 781,230 292,455
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m. 18,365 10,565 7,800 2,814,750 1,754,045 1,060,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m. 37,930 18,995 18,930 4,458,835 2,217,210 2,241,620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m. 36,450 18,215 18,230 3,349,975 1,408,710 1,941,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. 29,660 15,210 14,450 1,756,265 752,940 1,003,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m. 17,010 8,920 8,090 2,425,435 1,315,670 1,109,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178 183,015 94,770 88,250 19,956,255 10,342,970 9,613,285
Single responses 175,420 91,235 84,185 19,365,980 10,042,855 9,323,130
Official languages 157,265 81,690 75,575 19,090,545 9,897,470 9,193,075
English 156,870 81,595 75,270 15,265,335 7,952,010 7,313,320
French 405 95 305 3,825,215 1,945,465 1,879,750
Non-official languages 18,155 9,545 8,605 275,430 145,380 130,055
Aboriginal languages 0 0 0 24,950 12,385 12,565
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 14,440 7,370 7,070
Blackfoot 0 0 0 80 45 35
Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 11,540 5,820 5,720
Atikamekw 0 0 0 1,095 580 515
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 2,055 970 1,085
Moose Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Naskapi 0 0 0 370 180 190
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 40 25 10
Plains Cree 0 0 0 95 60 35
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 15 10 0
Woods Cree 0 0 0 75 35 40
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 7,795 3,965 3,835
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 925 510 420
Malecite 0 0 0 10 0 10
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 915 505 410
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 1,895 995 900
Algonquin 0 0 0 45 20 25
Ojibway 0 0 0 765 380 385
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 1,080 595 485
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 0 10 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 1,140 530 610
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 1,135 525 610
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 0 0 0 20 0 15
Chilcotin 0 0 0 20 0 10
Dene 0 0 0 770 360 405
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 165 80 80
Gwich'in 0 0 0 10 10 10
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 10 0
Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 135 65 70
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 95 45 45
South Slavey 0 0 0 35 20 20
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 10 10 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 10 10 10
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 10 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 10
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0 10 0 10
Inuit languages 0 0 0 8,845 4,255 4,595
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 35 10 25
Inuktitut 0 0 0 8,800 4,240 4,555
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 15 10 10
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 35 10 30
Cayuga 0 0 0 10 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0 35 10 25
Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kutenai 0 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 0 0 0 10 0 0
Salish languages 0 0 0 110 25 85
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 15 10 10
Lillooet 0 0 0 15 10 10
Okanagan 0 0 0 20 10 20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 35 0 30
Squamish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 0 15 0 15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 0 0 10
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 0 0
Siouan languages 0 0 0 260 155 105
Dakota 0 0 0 20 10 10
Stoney 0 0 0 240 145 95
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 10 10 10
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 25 0 20
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 10 10 10
Nisga'a 0 0 0 10 10 0
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0 0 10
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 35 15 20
Haisla 0 0 0 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 15 10 10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 10 10 10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 30 15 15
Non-Aboriginal languages 18,155 9,545 8,610 250,485 132,990 117,490
Afro-Asiatic languages 30 10 25 7,380 4,530 2,850
Berber languages 0 0 0 35 10 30
Kabyle 0 0 0 20 0 20
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 15 10 15
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 275 105 170
Bilen 0 0 0 10 10 10
Oromo 0 0 0 45 25 20
Somali 0 0 0 220 80 145
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Semitic languages 30 10 25 7,065 4,420 2,650
Amharic 0 0 0 200 95 100
Arabic 15 10 10 5,585 3,695 1,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 205 155 55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 30 20 15
Harari 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hebrew 10 0 10 825 335 490
Maltese 0 0 0 25 15 10
Tigrigna 0 0 0 135 70 60
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 65 35 30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 0 10
Austro-Asiatic languages 25 10 15 8,550 3,790 4,760
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 475 230 245
Vietnamese 25 10 15 8,070 3,560 4,510
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0 0 0
Austronesian languages 25 15 10 3,850 1,750 2,095
Bikol 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cebuano 0 0 0 75 20 55
Fijian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 25 0 15
Ilocano 10 10 0 110 50 60
Malagasy 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malay 0 0 0 140 75 65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 10 0 10
Pangasinan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 20 10 15 3,450 1,580 1,875
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 0 0 0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 40 25 15
Creole languages 0 10 0 350 125 225
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 25 10 15
Creole, n.o.s. 10 0 0 315 110 200
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 15 0 10
Dravidian languages 290 135 155 2,225 1,060 1,165
Kannada 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malayalam 0 0 0 90 50 45
Tamil 290 130 160 2,090 1,005 1,080
Telugu 0 0 0 45 10 35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 10 10 0
Indo-European languages 590 315 275 85,550 47,305 38,245
Albanian 0 0 0 350 220 125
Armenian 0 0 10 450 220 230
Balto-Slavic languages 70 40 35 10,075 4,745 5,330
Baltic languages 0 0 0 95 35 60
Latvian 0 0 0 40 10 25
Lithuanian 0 0 0 60 25 30
Slavic languages 75 35 35 9,980 4,710 5,270
Belarusan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bosnian 0 0 0 155 90 65
Bulgarian 0 0 0 205 110 90
Croatian 0 0 0 220 130 95
Czech 0 0 0 70 40 30
Macedonian 10 0 10 95 45 55
Polish 0 0 0 2,500 1,265 1,235
Russian 70 40 30 4,850 2,135 2,720
Serbian 0 0 0 530 320 210
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 30 25 0
Slovak 0 0 0 100 60 40
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 15 0 10
Ukrainian 0 0 0 1,210 485 725
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 10 0
Celtic languages 0 0 0 25 20 10
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 15 15 0
Welsh 0 0 0 0 0 0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 10 10
Germanic languages 25 0 20 13,285 7,455 5,835
Afrikaans 0 0 0 85 40 40
Danish 10 0 10 90 50 35
Dutch 10 0 0 1,165 630 540
Frisian 0 0 0 40 25 15
German 10 0 15 10,065 5,715 4,345
Icelandic 0 0 0 0 10 0
Norwegian 0 0 0 65 30 40
Swedish 0 0 0 125 55 70
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 35 20 15
Yiddish 0 0 0 895 390 505
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 720 495 225
Greek 10 10 0 1,020 545 475
Indo-Iranian languages 425 235 190 37,330 21,140 16,190
Indo-Aryan languages 210 95 115 32,485 18,125 14,360
Bengali 0 0 0 530 275 245
Gujarati 50 20 35 880 300 585
Hindi 20 10 10 1,405 755 650
Kashmiri 0 0 0 0 0 0
Konkani 0 0 0 10 0 0
Marathi 10 0 10 30 15 15
Nepali 0 0 0 195 95 100
Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Punjabi (Panjabi) 90 45 45 27,870 15,945 11,920
Sindhi 10 10 10 35 10 30
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 40 25 20
Urdu 25 10 15 1,495 705 790
Iranian languages 210 135 75 4,820 3,000 1,815
Kurdish 0 0 0 185 150 40
Pashto 0 0 0 50 20 25
Persian (Farsi) 210 135 75 4,580 2,830 1,750
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 10 20 10 15
Italic (Romance) languages 55 35 15 23,025 12,965 10,060
Catalan 0 0 0 30 10 20
Italian 0 10 0 1,705 895 805
Portuguese 0 0 0 7,490 4,795 2,695
Romanian 0 0 0 745 365 380
Spanish 40 25 10 13,030 6,885 6,145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 25 10 10
Japanese 15 10 10 3,255 1,195 2,065
Kartvelian languages 0 0 0 30 10 20
Georgian 0 0 0 30 10 20
Korean 255 120 135 12,150 6,260 5,885
Mongolic languages 0 0 0 10 10 0
Mongolian 0 0 0 10 0 10
Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 235 120 115
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 25 10 20
Bamanankan 0 0 0 10 0 0
Edo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ewe 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ga 0 0 0 10 0 0
Ganda 0 0 0 20 10 10
Igbo 0 0 0 10 10 0
Lingala 0 0 0 10 0 10
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 25 0 15
Shona 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swahili 0 0 0 80 50 30
Wolof 0 0 0 10 0 10
Yoruba 0 0 0 15 0 15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 30 20 0
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dinka 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sign languages 0 10 0 1,920 740 1,180
American Sign Language 0 0 0 1,145 340 810
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 135 15 115
Sign languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 640 390 255
Sino-Tibetan languages 16,895 8,925 7,970 122,880 65,030 57,850
Chinese languages 16,900 8,930 7,970 122,610 64,880 57,730
Cantonese 9,545 4,955 4,590 58,815 30,485 28,340
Hakka 15 0 15 70 25 45
Mandarin 7,060 3,825 3,235 60,090 32,430 27,665
Min Dong 0 0 0 25 15 10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 75 45 25 565 335 225
Wu (Shanghainese) 10 0 10 105 65 45
Chinese, n.o.s. 190 85 105 2,930 1,530 1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 270 155 115
Burmese 0 0 0 75 35 35
Karenic languages 0 0 0 135 75 55
Tibetan 0 0 0 50 30 20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 15 10 10
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 675 270 405
Lao 0 0 0 150 70 80
Thai 0 0 0 525 205 325
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0 0 0
Turkic languages 10 0 10 750 475 275
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 30 20 0
Turkish 10 0 10 685 435 255
Uyghur 0 0 0 15 15 0
Uzbek 0 0 0 15 10 0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Uralic languages 0 0 0 595 270 325
Estonian 0 0 0 50 15 40
Finnish 0 0 0 105 40 65
Hungarian 0 0 0 435 225 215
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 80 45 35
Multiple responses 7,600 3,530 4,065 590,270 300,115 290,155
English and French 700 280 415 412,680 211,095 201,585
English and non-official language 6,840 3,225 3,615 154,285 77,870 76,420
French and non-official language 10 10 10 7,830 3,595 4,235
English, French and non-official language 50 20 30 15,475 7,565 7,915
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179 183,015 94,770 88,250 19,956,250 10,342,970 9,613,290
None 158,210 82,610 75,600 17,456,725 9,056,235 8,400,490
English 6,560 3,260 3,300 1,259,225 661,460 597,765
French 1,300 550 750 705,780 349,035 356,745
Non-official language 16,470 8,140 8,330 496,565 257,455 239,105
Aboriginal 0 0 0 37,615 17,215 20,400
Non-Aboriginal 16,470 8,140 8,325 458,945 240,245 218,710
English and French 0 0 0 2,535 1,200 1,335
English and non-official language 405 175 230 18,040 8,765 9,280
French and non-official language 70 25 45 17,265 8,730 8,540
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 115 90 30
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180 324,405 158,190 166,210 34,091,785 16,783,745 17,308,035
Non-movers 290,195 141,600 148,600 29,644,795 14,593,190 15,051,605
Movers 34,205 16,590 17,615 4,446,990 2,190,555 2,256,435
Non-migrants 19,415 9,365 10,050 2,623,515 1,292,750 1,330,760
Migrants 14,790 7,225 7,565 1,823,475 897,805 925,670
Internal migrants 9,140 4,495 4,650 1,451,005 713,060 737,945
Intraprovincial migrants 8,290 4,100 4,190 1,189,525 580,895 608,630
Interprovincial migrants 860 400 460 261,475 132,160 129,315
External migrants 5,645 2,730 2,915 372,475 184,745 187,730
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181 310,325 150,890 159,435 32,568,560 16,004,315 16,564,245
Non-movers 200,440 97,975 102,465 20,134,760 9,902,645 10,232,115
Movers 109,885 52,915 56,965 12,433,805 6,101,675 6,332,130
Non-migrants 57,580 27,840 29,740 6,755,630 3,314,730 3,440,905
Migrants 52,305 25,075 27,230 5,678,175 2,786,945 2,891,230
Internal migrants 31,370 15,370 16,000 4,296,720 2,104,325 2,192,395
Intraprovincial migrants 29,130 14,330 14,800 3,467,670 1,689,950 1,777,720
Interprovincial migrants 2,235 1,040 1,195 829,045 414,375 414,670
External migrants 20,940 9,710 11,230 1,381,460 682,625 698,835

Source

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Markham, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario and Canada [Country] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed March 19, 2024).

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