Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bayham, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Elgin, County [Census division], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Bayham, MU Ontario [Census subdivision]			Elgin, CTY Ontario [Census division]
	Data quality , Bayham, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Bayham, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Elgin, County [Census division], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	7,396	...	...	88,978	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	6,989	...	...	87,461	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.8	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,557	...	...	36,613	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,393	...	...	34,995	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	30.2	...	...	47.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	244.97	...	...	1,881.03	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	7,395	3,755	3,640	88,980	43,735	45,240
0 to 14 years	1,930	980	945	16,700	8,595	8,110
0 to 4 years	600	320	280	5,115	2,640	2,475
5 to 9 years	680	325	350	5,875	3,010	2,865
10 to 14 years	650	335	315	5,710	2,940	2,770
15 to 64 years	4,510	2,305	2,215	56,135	27,725	28,415
15 to 19 years	605	290	310	5,595	2,880	2,710
20 to 24 years	465	260	200	4,880	2,520	2,355
25 to 29 years	385	200	185	4,505	2,185	2,320
30 to 34 years	370	180	190	4,880	2,370	2,520
35 to 39 years	390	195	185	5,105	2,475	2,630
40 to 44 years	415	185	225	5,580	2,730	2,850
45 to 49 years	435	225	210	5,880	2,885	2,995
50 to 54 years	495	265	230	6,895	3,400	3,490
55 to 59 years	515	265	255	6,805	3,335	3,465
60 to 64 years	440	225	210	6,015	2,940	3,070
65 years and over	960	470	485	16,140	7,425	8,720
65 to 69 years	345	175	170	5,585	2,675	2,910
70 to 74 years	285	140	150	4,030	1,965	2,065
75 to 79 years	165	85	75	2,830	1,345	1,490
80 to 84 years	80	40	40	1,815	805	1,010
85 years and over	85	30	55	1,880	635	1,245
85 to 89 years	60	20	40	1,180	430	750
90 to 94 years	15	10	10	565	175	385
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	120	25	95
100 years and over	0	0	0	20	0	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	26.1	26.1	26.0	18.8	19.7	17.9
15 to 64 years	61.0	61.4	60.9	63.1	63.4	62.8
65 years and over	13.0	12.5	13.3	18.1	17.0	19.3
85 years and over	1.1	0.8	1.5	2.1	1.5	2.8
Average age of the population	35.8	35.5	36.0	41.1	40.2	42.0
Median age of the population	34.3	34.0	34.6	42.5	41.5	43.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,390	...	...	34,995	...	...
Single-detached house	2,055	...	...	27,125	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	775	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	165	...	...	6,750	...	...
Semi-detached house	40	...	...	1,415	...	...
Row house	50	...	...	970	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	15	...	...	730	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	50	...	...	3,535	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	105	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	175	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,390	...	...	34,995	...	...
1 person	435	...	...	8,840	...	...
2 persons	865	...	...	13,130	...	...
3 persons	325	...	...	5,235	...	...
4 persons	325	...	...	4,575	...	...
5 or more persons	455	...	...	3,220	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,380	...	...	87,605	...	...
Average household size	3.1	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	5,470	2,770	2,695	72,275	35,145	37,130
Married or living common law	3,565	1,785	1,780	44,570	22,240	22,335
Married	3,155	1,580	1,570	37,850	18,905	18,945
Living common law	410	205	210	6,725	3,335	3,385
Not married and not living common law	1,900	985	915	27,710	12,905	14,800
Never married	1,345	770	575	16,495	9,000	7,500
Separated	110	50	60	2,295	1,015	1,285
Divorced	210	110	100	4,350	1,880	2,465
Widowed	240	60	180	4,565	1,015	3,545
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,950	...	...	25,810	...	...
2 persons	895	...	...	13,540	...	...
3 persons	320	...	...	5,175	...	...
4 persons	305	...	...	4,385	...	...
5 or more persons	420	...	...	2,710	...	...
Average size of census families	3.5	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,950	...	...	25,810	...	...
Total couple families	1,765	...	...	22,020	...	...
Married couples	1,560	...	...	18,655	...	...
Common-law couples	210	...	...	3,360	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	180	...	...	3,790	...	...
Female parent	135	...	...	3,000	...	...
Male parent	45	...	...	790	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,770	...	...	22,020	...	...
Couples without children	785	...	...	11,255	...	...
Couples with children	985	...	...	10,765	...	...
1 child	280	...	...	4,060	...	...
2 children	290	...	...	4,095	...	...
3 or more children	415	...	...	2,605	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	180	...	...	3,790	...	...
1 child	110	...	...	2,290	...	...
2 children	40	...	...	1,110	...	...
3 or more children	25	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	640	355	285	11,900	5,570	6,330
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,390	...	...	34,995	...	...
One-census-family households	1,875	...	...	24,810	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	760	...	...	10,850	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,115	...	...	13,960	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	35	...	...	495	...	...
Non-census-family households	480	...	...	9,690	...	...
One-person households	430	...	...	8,840	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	55	...	...	850	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	7,400	3,755	3,640	87,945	43,280	44,665
English only	7,105	3,605	3,500	83,780	41,520	42,260
French only	0	0	0	5	5	5
English and French	150	80	65	3,545	1,490	2,050
Neither English nor French	140	70	70	615	270	350
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	7,395	3,755	3,640	87,940	43,275	44,665
English	7,200	3,650	3,545	86,570	42,650	43,925
French	55	25	25	720	345	370
English and French	5	0	0	55	25	25
Neither English nor French	140	70	70	600	260	340
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	55	30	25	745	360	390
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	7,395	3,755	3,640	87,945	43,275	44,665
Single responses	7,310	3,715	3,595	87,230	42,950	44,280
Official languages	4,960	2,520	2,445	75,820	37,385	38,430
English	4,900	2,485	2,415	75,000	36,990	38,010
French	60	30	30	820	395	425
Non-official languages	2,350	1,200	1,155	11,410	5,565	5,845
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,355	1,200	1,155	11,405	5,560	5,845
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	145	70	75
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	145	70	80
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	100	50	50
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	50	25	25
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	240	115	120
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	150	70	80
Vietnamese	0	0	0	85	45	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	85	25	65
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	5	75	20	50
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,300	1,175	1,130	10,460	5,130	5,330
Albanian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Armenian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	790	365	430
Baltic languages	5	0	5	35	20	20
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	35	15	20
Slavic languages	10	5	5	760	345	410
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	195	100	100
Czech	0	0	0	40	20	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Polish	5	0	0	305	130	170
Russian	5	0	0	25	15	15
Serbian	5	0	0	25	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	35	20	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Ukrainian	5	0	0	80	35	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,250	1,140	1,110	8,515	4,180	4,335
Afrikaans	0	0	0	20	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	25	15	15
Dutch	35	20	15	1,065	525	540
Frisian	5	0	0	20	10	10
German	2,170	1,095	1,075	7,230	3,535	3,695
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	20	10	135	80	55
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	20	15	10
Greek	0	0	0	50	30	20
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	140	60	75
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	120	55	65
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	45	20	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	25	15	880	450	425
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	205	110	95
Portuguese	15	5	5	330	180	150
Romanian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Spanish	20	15	5	315	150	165
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	65	25	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	90	35	50
Chinese languages	0	0	0	85	30	50
Cantonese	0	0	0	40	15	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	40	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Lao	0	0	0	20	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	20	20	210	90	115
Estonian	5	0	0	5	5	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hungarian	35	20	15	190	85	105
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	90	40	45	710	325	390
English and French	5	5	0	130	55	70
English and non-official language	80	40	45	570	260	305
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	7,400	3,755	3,640	87,940	43,280	44,665
Single responses	7,215	3,670	3,550	86,595	42,650	43,955
Official languages	6,060	3,080	2,985	82,260	40,550	41,710
English	6,050	3,075	2,970	82,120	40,485	41,635
French	15	5	10	135	60	75
Non-official languages	1,155	585	565	4,340	2,100	2,240
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,150	585	565	4,340	2,100	2,240
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	55	30	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	60	25	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	50	25	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	135	70	70
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	70	35	40
Vietnamese	0	0	0	65	30	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,135	580	560	3,940	1,895	2,050
Albanian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	230	100	130
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	225	100	130
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	100	45	55
Russian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,125	570	555	3,335	1,625	1,705
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	0	80	45	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,025	520	510	3,045	1,485	1,560
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	85	40	45	185	90	95
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	60	30	35
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	0	295	135	160
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	115	50	65
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	5	10	5	135	60	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	45	20	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	35	25	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	20	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	50	25	25
Chinese languages	5	0	0	40	25	25
Cantonese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	5	5	30	10	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	180	90	95	1,345	630	710
English and French	5	0	0	60	25	35
English and non-official language	180	90	90	1,275	605	665
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	7,395	3,755	3,640	87,945	43,275	44,665
None	6,050	3,085	2,970	81,480	40,205	41,275
English	540	265	275	1,940	930	1,010
French	15	10	5	620	260	360
Non-official language	785	395	390	3,845	1,860	1,990
Aboriginal	5	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	785	395	390	3,840	1,855	1,980
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	10
French and non-official language	0	5	0	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,450	2,760	2,690	70,935	34,550	36,380
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,210	2,660	2,555	68,225	33,255	34,970
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,680	36,537	21,453	32,886	40,284	26,847
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,215	2,655	2,550	68,245	33,255	34,990
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,897	32,848	20,720	29,961	36,056	25,069
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,450	2,415	2,035	60,485	30,385	30,095
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,167	35,264	16,789	30,458	38,335	23,340
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,795	1,825	1,965	49,965	22,340	27,620
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,624	3,816	8,653	7,367	6,348	7,882
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,845	2,180	1,665	50,100	26,320	23,780
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,587	35,430	17,504	31,307	37,602	25,582
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	5,450	2,760	2,690	70,935	34,555	36,380
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,195	2,630	2,560	67,980	33,145	34,830
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,413	41,106	27,524	40,341	46,788	34,205
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,190	2,630	2,560	68,000	33,145	34,850
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,277	35,496	24,905	34,591	39,497	29,925
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,440	2,385	2,050	60,230	30,275	29,955
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,586	39,700	24,325	38,337	45,206	31,395
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,745	1,810	1,935	49,810	22,160	27,650
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,110	7,520	10,599	8,703	8,237	9,077
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,850	2,155	1,695	50,100	26,265	23,830
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,074	38,388	24,034	37,767	42,851	32,162
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	5,450	2,760	2,690	70,930	34,555	36,380
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,785	1,155	630	25,050	14,465	10,590
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,756	47,883	38,926	48,815	53,474	43,464
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	47,925	51,440	41,488	54,341	58,343	48,874
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.4	87.7	72.0	84.2	88.3	78.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	68.9	75.9	58.3	68.9	72.6	64.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.6	12.4	28.0	15.8	11.7	21.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	5,450	2,760	2,690	70,935	34,555	36,380
Without total income	240	105	135	2,710	1,300	1,405
With total income	5,215	2,655	2,555	68,230	33,255	34,970
Percentage with total income	95.7	96.2	95.0	96.2	96.2	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	885	315	565	8,975	3,535	5,440
$10,000 to $19,999	1,035	405	630	12,150	4,530	7,620
$20,000 to $29,999	855	390	465	10,460	4,375	6,085
$30,000 to $39,999	650	355	300	8,705	4,050	4,660
$40,000 to $49,999	605	380	220	7,990	4,235	3,750
$50,000 to $59,999	430	290	140	5,885	3,345	2,540
$60,000 to $69,999	240	170	70	4,170	2,595	1,575
$70,000 to $79,999	165	120	50	2,850	1,870	980
$80,000 to $89,999	100	70	30	1,990	1,290	700
$90,000 to $99,999	95	55	45	1,870	1,090	780
$100,000 and over	150	105	45	3,180	2,335	845
$100,000 to $149,999	110	85	30	2,490	1,825	660
$150,000 and over	40	25	10	690	510	185
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	5,450	2,765	2,690	70,935	34,555	36,380
Without after-tax income	240	105	135	2,690	1,300	1,390
With after-tax income	5,210	2,660	2,555	68,245	33,255	34,990
Percentage with after-tax income	95.6	96.2	95.0	96.2	96.2	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	900	325	580	9,270	3,615	5,655
$10,000 to $19,999	1,090	435	655	12,785	4,840	7,945
$20,000 to $29,999	940	435	505	12,115	5,120	7,000
$30,000 to $39,999	815	475	340	10,585	5,280	5,305
$40,000 to $49,999	635	430	200	8,600	4,785	3,810
$50,000 to $59,999	360	235	125	5,650	3,475	2,175
$60,000 to $69,999	180	130	50	3,400	2,225	1,175
$70,000 to $79,999	140	90	55	2,635	1,615	1,020
$80,000 and over	145	105	40	3,205	2,300	900
$80,000 to $89,999	55	45	10	1,370	955	415
$90,000 to $99,999	30	20	10	685	485	195
$100,000 and over	60	40	20	1,155	855	300
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	5,450	2,760	2,690	70,935	34,555	36,380
Without employment income	1,605	580	1,025	20,835	8,235	12,605
With employment income	3,850	2,180	1,665	50,095	26,320	23,780
Percentage with employment income	70.6	79.0	61.9	70.6	76.2	65.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	685	315	375	8,195	4,190	3,995
$5,000 to $9,999	385	145	240	4,165	1,695	2,470
$10,000 to $19,999	545	270	275	6,435	2,775	3,665
$20,000 to $29,999	455	225	235	5,505	2,490	3,015
$30,000 to $39,999	455	270	180	5,670	2,670	3,000
$40,000 to $49,999	425	295	125	5,225	2,775	2,450
$50,000 to $59,999	330	250	80	4,145	2,490	1,660
$60,000 to $69,999	190	140	45	3,030	1,965	1,065
$70,000 to $79,999	115	85	30	2,135	1,440	695
$80,000 and over	265	185	85	5,595	3,840	1,760
$80,000 to $89,999	80	50	25	1,650	1,080	575
$90,000 to $99,999	85	50	35	1,600	950	655
$100,000 and over	110	85	20	2,345	1,810	535
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,390	...	...	34,995	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,254	...	...	66,494	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,960	...	...	59,283	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	430	...	...	8,840	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,669	...	...	31,370	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,016	...	...	28,689	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,960	...	...	26,155	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,193	...	...	80,327	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,901	...	...	71,154	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,390	...	...	34,995	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,675	...	...	78,364	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,699	...	...	67,215	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	425	...	...	8,855	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,471	...	...	38,163	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,139	...	...	32,797	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,970	...	...	26,140	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,313	...	...	91,985	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,340	...	...	78,877	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,395	...	...	34,995	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	345	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	445	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	940	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	70	...	...	1,300	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...	1,675	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	1,410	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	115	...	...	1,615	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	115	...	...	1,565	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95	...	...	1,680	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	130	...	...	1,595	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	230	...	...	3,090	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	200	...	...	2,825	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	230	...	...	2,690	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	180	...	...	2,285	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	125	...	...	2,020	...	...
$100,000 and over	575	...	...	9,515	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	240	...	...	3,855	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	140	...	...	2,320	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	135	...	...	2,235	...	...
$200,000 and over	60	...	...	1,110	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,390	...	...	34,995	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	385	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	450	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	960	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	70	...	...	1,375	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	115	...	...	1,860	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	110	...	...	1,560	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	140	...	...	1,820	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	130	...	...	1,905	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	110	...	...	1,945	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	145	...	...	1,920	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	285	...	...	3,570	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	250	...	...	3,310	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	230	...	...	2,960	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	145	...	...	2,450	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	125	...	...	2,005	...	...
$100,000 and over	410	...	...	6,525	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	215	...	...	3,265	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	100	...	...	1,700	...	...
$150,000 and over	90	...	...	1,560	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,940	...	...	25,565	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,775	...	...	80,321	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,674	...	...	71,153	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.5	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	750	...	...	10,655	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,360	...	...	72,485	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	57,643	...	...	64,558	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	990	...	...	10,870	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,066	...	...	101,613	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	74,147	...	...	88,283	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	155	...	...	3,525	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,072	...	...	48,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,952	...	...	45,426	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,940	...	...	25,550	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,275	...	...	92,051	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,271	...	...	78,882	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	755	...	...	10,640	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,560	...	...	85,559	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,862	...	...	72,812	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,000	...	...	10,885	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,298	...	...	110,801	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,882	...	...	94,620	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	145	...	...	3,525	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,876	...	...	55,878	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,983	...	...	49,996	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	525	300	230	10,560	4,995	5,565
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,920	29,248	24,192	30,009	33,974	27,467
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,448	26,112	23,680	27,648	30,552	25,860
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	525	300	225	10,575	5,045	5,530
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,712	34,761	29,971	36,935	39,606	34,501
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,761	30,143	26,913	31,855	33,447	30,405
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	7,375	3,745	3,630	87,605	43,135	44,470
In the bottom half of the distribution	4,975	2,490	2,485	48,325	23,185	25,135
In the bottom decile	685	360	325	7,655	3,630	4,025
In the second decile	1,265	615	650	9,935	4,530	5,405
In the third decile	1,370	665	705	10,900	5,220	5,685
In the fourth decile	925	455	465	10,090	4,935	5,160
In the fifth decile	735	390	345	9,745	4,880	4,860
In the top half of the distribution	2,400	1,250	1,150	39,285	19,945	19,335
In the sixth decile	720	370	345	9,690	4,900	4,790
In the seventh decile	550	290	255	9,125	4,600	4,525
In the eighth decile	470	245	225	8,485	4,350	4,135
In the ninth decile	430	220	205	7,295	3,705	3,590
In the top decile	235	120	115	4,690	2,400	2,290
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	7,380	3,745	3,635	87,605	43,135	44,470
0 to 17 years	2,310	1,160	1,150	20,115	10,320	9,795
0 to 5 years	740	385	355	6,250	3,235	3,010
18 to 64 years	4,115	2,110	2,000	52,245	25,695	26,550
65 years and over	955	470	485	15,245	7,120	8,120
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,255	630	630	12,515	5,795	6,715
0 to 17 years	480	255	230	3,785	1,965	1,820
0 to 5 years	185	95	90	1,340	685	655
18 to 64 years	605	300	305	6,785	3,110	3,675
65 years and over	175	85	90	1,945	730	1,220
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.0	16.8	17.3	14.3	13.4	15.1
0 to 17 years (%)	20.8	22.0	20.0	18.8	19.0	18.6
0 to 5 years (%)	25.0	24.7	25.4	21.4	21.2	21.8
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.3	13.0	12.1	13.8
65 years and over (%)	18.3	18.1	18.6	12.8	10.3	15.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	285	150	130	5,010	2,415	2,595
0 to 17 years	95	50	40	1,330	690	645
0 to 5 years	25	15	10	465	230	230
18 to 64 years	175	90	90	3,430	1,605	1,825
65 years and over	10	10	0	250	125	125
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.9	4.0	3.6	5.7	5.6	5.8
0 to 17 years (%)	4.1	4.3	3.5	6.6	6.7	6.6
0 to 5 years (%)	3.4	3.9	2.8	7.4	7.1	7.6
18 to 64 years (%)	4.3	4.3	4.5	6.6	6.2	6.9
65 years and over (%)	1.0	2.1	0.0	1.6	1.8	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	7,375	3,740	3,640	87,605	43,135	44,470
Official languages	7,250	3,685	3,565	86,995	42,865	44,135
English	7,250	3,685	3,565	86,980	42,860	44,120
French	165	80	85	3,540	1,460	2,080
Non-official languages	2,500	1,260	1,240	12,875	6,175	6,705
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,495	1,260	1,240	12,865	6,175	6,695
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	10	165	65	95
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	160	60	95
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	80	35	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	25	10	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	50	20	35
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	370	200	170
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	135	65	70
Vietnamese	0	0	0	240	135	100
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	115	35	85
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	105	25	80
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,415	1,220	1,200	11,560	5,530	6,030
Albanian	0	0	0	60	20	35
Armenian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	855	425	430
Baltic languages	0	0	0	30	20	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	25	20	10
Slavic languages	15	10	0	830	400	425
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	245	130	115
Czech	10	0	10	75	40	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Polish	10	0	0	330	155	175
Russian	0	0	0	45	15	25
Serbian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	40	20	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	80	30	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,330	1,170	1,165	8,850	4,195	4,655
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	10
Danish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Dutch	60	25	30	1,120	530	590
Frisian	0	0	0	20	10	10
German	2,050	1,010	1,045	7,235	3,415	3,820
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	0	130	75	50
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	375	215	155	960	500	455
Greek	0	0	0	70	40	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	350	140	205
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	315	135	180
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	95	40	55
Hindi	0	0	0	115	50	65
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	125	50	75
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	75	35	35
Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	170	125	45	1,945	1,090	850
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italian	10	10	10	335	190	140
Portuguese	35	20	10	405	230	175
Romanian	10	0	0	60	25	35
Spanish	125	90	35	1,195	665	535
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	45	30	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	50	40	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	0	25	20	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	0	140	55	85
American Sign Language	0	0	0	60	25	40
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	75	30	50
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	125	80	50
Chinese languages	0	0	0	110	60	50
Cantonese	0	0	0	55	25	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	75	35	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Lao	0	0	0	15	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	20	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	30	25	265	120	145
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hungarian	60	30	25	245	110	135
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	7,375	3,740	3,635	87,605	43,135	44,470
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	7,140	3,610	3,525	85,610	42,185	43,420
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,295	1,135	1,160	19,920	10,170	9,750
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,845	2,480	2,365	65,695	32,020	33,675
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	240	130	110	1,995	950	1,050
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	7,380	3,740	3,640	87,605	43,135	44,470
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	5,950	2,980	2,970	76,830	37,935	38,895
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,380	730	650	10,465	5,060	5,405
Before 1981	420	215	205	5,210	2,480	2,725
1981 to 1990	220	115	105	1,705	810	895
1991 to 2000	345	195	155	1,535	770	765
2001 to 2010	210	100	110	1,335	655	680
2001 to 2005	75	40	40	600	305	290
2006 to 2010	135	65	75	735	345	390
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	185	110	75	685	345	335
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	45	25	20	315	145	175
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,380	730	650	10,465	5,060	5,405
Under 5 years	355	180	175	1,855	940	910
5 to 14 years	470	270	200	2,925	1,510	1,405
15 to 24 years	260	135	125	2,580	1,105	1,470
25 to 44 years	260	115	145	2,620	1,260	1,360
45 years and over	35	30	0	485	235	255
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,380	730	650	10,460	5,060	5,405
Americas	1,205	640	570	4,820	2,285	2,535
Brazil	10	10	0	25	10	15
Colombia	0	0	0	75	30	45
El Salvador	0	0	0	15	10	10
Guyana	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	100	50	50
Mexico	1,055	540	515	3,525	1,695	1,825
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	35	15	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	75	45	30	685	275	405
Other places of birth in Americas	70	45	20	335	195	140
Europe	150	75	75	4,645	2,310	2,330
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	75	40	30
Croatia	0	0	0	120	65	60
France	0	0	0	25	10	10
Germany	0	0	0	335	155	185
Greece	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hungary	10	0	0	95	55	45
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Italy	10	10	0	205	120	80
Netherlands	25	20	10	1,015	540	470
Poland	0	0	0	205	75	125
Portugal	10	0	0	265	145	120
Romania	25	0	20	115	35	80
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	40	10	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	45	30	15	1,545	745	805
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	15	500	260	240
Africa	0	10	0	135	70	70
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	0	15
Ethiopia	10	10	0	10	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	0	15
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	50	20	25
Other places of birth in Africa	0	10	0	40	30	10
Asia	10	0	10	825	380	450
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	75	20	55
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	10	0
India	0	0	0	150	65	80
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	25	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	30	20	10
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	45	25	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	35	20	15
Philippines	0	0	0	105	30	70
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	135	85	55
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	185	85	100
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	35	10	25
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	185	105	75	685	350	335
Americas	180	105	75	490	255	235
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	20	0	20
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexico	160	95	60	355	190	165
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	65	35	35
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	0	30	20	10
Europe	0	0	0	55	35	20
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	20	10	10
Africa	10	0	0	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	10	10	0
Asia	0	0	0	120	50	70
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	15	10	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	20	0	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	30	15	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	7,380	3,740	3,635	87,605	43,135	44,470
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,520	795	725	11,295	5,475	5,815
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,320	1,165	1,160	17,820	8,705	9,115
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	3,535	1,780	1,755	58,495	28,950	29,545
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,000	545	460	5,450	2,675	2,775
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	205	120	80	1,465	755	710
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	40	20	20	420	285	125
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	165	95	65	1,050	465	585
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	615	320	290	2,820	1,320	1,500
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	155	85	75	1,020	525	490
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	25	10	15	145	70	70
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	7,375	3,740	3,635	87,605	43,135	44,470
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	40	30	10	1,975	905	1,070
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	40	30	10	1,940	900	1,045
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	30	15	10	1,355	640	715
Métis	10	0	0	565	240	320
Inuk (Inuit)	0	10	0	25	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	7,335	3,715	3,630	85,630	42,230	43,400
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	7,375	3,740	3,635	87,605	43,135	44,470
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	10	0	735	320	420
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,370	3,730	3,635	86,870	42,815	44,055
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	7,380	3,740	3,635	87,605	43,135	44,470
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	10	0	0	300	150	150
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	300	150	150
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	10	0	250	130	125
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	40	15	30
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	125	80	50	2,825	1,270	1,550
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	130	75	50	2,780	1,245	1,535
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	110	65	45	2,190	990	1,200
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	15	0	580	255	330
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	40	25	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	30	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	7,245	3,660	3,585	84,485	41,715	42,765
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	7,380	3,745	3,635	87,605	43,135	44,470
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	65	35	30	2,585	1,240	1,345
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	360	165	200
Chinese	10	0	10	195	95	105
Black	50	35	10	610	325	290
Filipino	10	0	10	180	65	120
Latin American	0	0	0	320	165	155
Arab	0	0	0	90	40	50
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	485	250	240
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	30	15	20
Korean	0	0	0	35	20	20
Japanese	0	0	0	55	25	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	80	35	45
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	140	50	85
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	7,315	3,705	3,600	85,015	41,895	43,125
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	7,375	3,740	3,640	87,605	43,135	44,470
North American Aboriginal origins	130	80	50	3,120	1,420	1,700
First Nations (North American Indian)	115	65	45	2,485	1,145	1,340
Inuit	0	0	0	25	15	10
Métis	15	10	0	655	285	365
Other North American origins	2,310	1,215	1,100	30,505	15,105	15,400
Acadian	0	0	0	80	40	45
American	90	55	35	1,150	525	625
Canadian	2,270	1,180	1,090	29,785	14,770	15,015
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	90	40	50
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	40	15	30
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	5,810	2,920	2,885	69,635	34,135	35,495
British Isles origins	2,470	1,245	1,225	45,675	22,105	23,570
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,735	880	855	30,135	14,620	15,520
Irish	840	420	420	15,870	7,420	8,445
Manx	0	10	0	20	15	10
Scottish	945	435	510	19,980	9,670	10,305
Welsh	75	45	35	1,655	730	925
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	185	80	105	2,255	1,070	1,190
French origins	400	160	240	8,145	3,795	4,355
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	400	160	240	8,145	3,790	4,355
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,560	1,830	1,730	27,655	13,665	13,990
Austrian	10	0	0	330	135	190
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	225	125	100	1,605	855	750
Dutch	570	315	250	9,920	4,965	4,955
Flemish	10	10	0	85	30	50
Frisian	0	0	0	50	15	30
German	2,925	1,465	1,455	17,685	8,615	9,070
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	105	55	50	655	330	325
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	150	75	75	1,515	660	855
Danish	20	10	20	385	155	230
Finnish	20	10	10	175	65	110
Icelandic	0	0	0	65	20	40
Norwegian	55	35	25	435	215	220
Swedish	30	15	15	390	175	210
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	20	10	10	115	55	60
Eastern European origins	1,025	520	510	8,850	4,315	4,535
Bulgarian	0	0	0	65	40	25
Byelorussian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Czech	10	0	0	255	145	110
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	10	0	230	105	125
Estonian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hungarian	205	100	110	1,795	885	910
Latvian	0	0	0	25	25	0
Lithuanian	55	45	10	320	170	150
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	95	60	35	2,230	1,075	1,160
Romanian	15	10	10	590	300	290
Russian	555	250	305	2,305	1,100	1,210
Slovak	10	0	10	210	110	105
Ukrainian	115	70	45	1,685	850	840
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Southern European origins	185	100	85	5,475	2,745	2,730
Albanian	0	0	0	65	25	40
Bosnian	0	0	0	35	30	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	545	295	250
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	395	180	215
Italian	85	55	30	2,175	1,090	1,085
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Maltese	15	10	10	435	205	230
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Portuguese	50	30	25	1,035	575	465
Serbian	0	0	0	90	30	60
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	65	45	20
Spanish	20	10	15	530	220	310
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	20	10	10	335	160	170
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	15	10	10	295	145	155
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	95	40	50
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	15	10	10	190	100	90
Caribbean origins	25	20	0	445	235	215
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	40	20	15
Bermudan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	245	120	125
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	90	55	30
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	0	10	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	70	15	55
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	815	395	420	3,005	1,465	1,540
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	20	15	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Brazilian	20	15	10	35	20	20
Chilean	0	0	0	15	10	0
Colombian	0	0	0	125	40	90
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	35	15	15
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	10	10
Honduran	0	0	0	40	25	15
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	785	380	405	2,605	1,280	1,325
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	15	10	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	30	15	20
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	45	0	40
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	15	0	10
African origins	25	15	10	485	240	250
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	55	35	20
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	75	35	45
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	65	30	30
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	20	15	10	140	70	70
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	20	10	0
South African	0	0	0	85	35	50
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	15	10	10	20	10	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	215	100	115
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	185	90	100
Asian origins	25	10	20	1,795	835	965
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	15	10	10	370	175	195
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	65	25	45
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Iraqi	0	0	0	35	20	15
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	10	10	160	85	75
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	40	20	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	395	180	210
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	325	155	170
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	20	10	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	40	15	20
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	20	10	15
East and Southeast Asian origins	15	0	15	1,040	480	565
Burmese	0	0	0	15	15	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	175	70	110
Chinese	15	0	10	265	120	145
Filipino	10	0	0	200	65	135
Hmong	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	55	25	30
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	20	20
Laotian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	275	155	125
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oceania origins	0	10	0	80	30	50
Australian	0	10	0	70	30	40
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,390	...	...	34,995	...	...
Owner	2,010	...	...	26,400	...	...
Renter	375	...	...	8,595	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,395	...	...	34,995	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	760	...	...
Not condominium	2,385	...	...	34,235	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,395	...	...	34,995	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	60	...	...
1 bedroom	85	...	...	2,800	...	...
2 bedrooms	545	...	...	7,660	...	...
3 bedrooms	950	...	...	15,155	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	800	...	...	9,320	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,390	...	...	34,995	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	225	...	...	4,805	...	...
5 rooms	350	...	...	4,420	...	...
6 rooms	435	...	...	5,820	...	...
7 rooms	340	...	...	5,800	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,035	...	...	14,150	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,390	...	...	34,995	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,300	...	...	34,685	...	...
More than 1 person per room	95	...	...	310	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,395	...	...	34,995	...	...
Suitable	2,235	...	...	33,945	...	...
Not suitable	160	...	...	1,045	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,390	...	...	34,995	...	...
1960 or before	805	...	...	13,290	...	...
1961 to 1980	585	...	...	8,665	...	...
1981 to 1990	275	...	...	3,395	...	...
1991 to 2000	360	...	...	3,685	...	...
2001 to 2005	125	...	...	2,165	...	...
2006 to 2010	150	...	...	2,240	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	90	...	...	1,555	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,390	...	...	34,995	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,220	...	...	32,545	...	...
Major repairs needed	175	...	...	2,450	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,390	...	...	34,995	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,365	...	...	20,155	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,005	...	...	14,360	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	30	...	...	475	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,390	...	...	34,995	...	...
15 to 24 years	75	...	...	805	...	...
25 to 34 years	285	...	...	4,185	...	...
35 to 44 years	410	...	...	5,670	...	...
45 to 54 years	485	...	...	7,045	...	...
55 to 64 years	535	...	...	7,345	...	...
65 to 74 years	395	...	...	5,855	...	...
75 to 84 years	135	...	...	2,995	...	...
85 years and over	80	...	...	1,085	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,250	...	...	33,825	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,780	...	...	26,740	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	465	...	...	7,085	...	...
30% to less than 100%	415	...	...	6,400	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,880	...	...	25,345	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	64.1	...	...	62.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	19.2	...	...	14.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,136	...	...	1,066	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,136	...	...	1,137	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	224,655	...	...	224,783	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	261,608	...	...	258,635	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	370	...	...	8,505	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	23.0	...	...	15.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	29.3	...	...	41.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	801	...	...	774	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	832	...	...	815	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,450	2,760	2,690	70,935	34,555	36,380
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,485	1,295	1,190	17,830	9,290	8,545
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,375	680	700	20,820	10,405	10,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,590	785	805	32,285	14,865	17,420
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	375	295	85	5,570	4,060	1,510
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	190	120	75	2,620	1,595	1,030
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	185	175	15	2,950	2,465	480
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	860	355	505	18,450	7,490	10,955
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	30	35	955	400	555
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	285	110	180	7,310	2,915	4,400
Bachelor's degree	220	90	130	5,505	2,130	3,375
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	10	20	565	220	345
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	145	95	50
Master's degree	30	0	25	1,020	420	595
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	10	80	45	35
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,395	1,735	1,655	45,255	21,990	23,265
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,310	725	585	7,675	4,250	3,430
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	880	435	445	13,125	6,840	6,285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,200	575	625	24,450	10,905	13,545
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	260	200	55	3,680	2,720	960
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	130	80	45	1,720	1,060	660
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	130	125	10	1,960	1,665	300
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	680	270	405	14,535	5,850	8,690
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	25	15	655	295	360
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	225	75	145	5,580	2,040	3,540
Bachelor's degree	170	65	105	4,230	1,525	2,705
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	15	425	150	280
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	95	45	45
Master's degree	30	10	25	770	290	480
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	0	55	30	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,455	2,760	2,690	70,930	34,555	36,380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,860	1,975	1,890	38,650	19,685	18,960
Education	85	20	65	1,950	520	1,430
13. Education	85	20	70	1,950	525	1,425
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	0	45	855	295	560
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	195	135	55
50. Visual and performing arts	45	0	45	665	160	505
Humanities	40	20	25	1,195	450	745
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	25	0	25
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	260	65	195
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	280	80	200
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	20	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	90	50	45
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	185	125	60
54. History	0	10	0	255	120	140
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	10	75	10	65
Social and behavioural sciences and law	145	40	115	3,110	745	2,365
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	25	0	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	155	55	100
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	0	45	1,075	75	1,005
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	450	85	370
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	45	10	35
42. Psychology	35	10	20	460	155	310
45. Social sciences	40	20	20	900	380	520
Business, management and public administration	185	55	135	5,335	1,660	3,675
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	525	95	430
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	180	55	120	4,795	1,560	3,235
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	0	25	575	250	325
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	255	105	150
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	125	45	85
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	110	80	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	80	15	65
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	10	20	765	490	280
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	10	15	615	415	205
25. Library science	0	0	0	40	0	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	100	65	35
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	465	450	15	7,535	7,105	430
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	165	110	55
14. Engineering	20	20	0	440	370	70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	105	95	10	1,840	1,670	170
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	80	75	0	1,400	1,365	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	175	175	0	2,200	2,165	35
48. Precision production	80	80	0	1,490	1,425	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	100	75	30	1,295	970	330
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	65	40	25	1,040	790	255
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	30	0	250	180	75
Health and related fields	290	30	255	6,885	1,015	5,870
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	0	420	195	230
51. Health professions and related programs	285	25	255	6,430	800	5,630
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	30	25	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	165	85	85	2,770	1,360	1,405
12. Personal and culinary services	70	10	65	1,345	260	1,085
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	60	35	20	880	590	295
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	35	0	525	500	25
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,390	1,735	1,660	45,255	21,995	23,265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,190	1,160	1,030	20,805	11,090	9,720
Education	50	10	40	1,265	340	930
13. Education	45	10	35	1,270	345	925
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	0	35	650	195	460
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	125	80	45
50. Visual and performing arts	35	0	30	525	115	410
Humanities	25	15	10	810	300	510
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	175	45	130
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	185	50	135
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	55	20	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	10	0	115	75	45
54. History	0	0	0	195	95	100
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	50	10	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	130	25	105	2,515	510	2,005
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	25	0	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	10	125	35	95
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	10	45	905	40	865
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	405	55	350
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	25	10	20
42. Psychology	35	10	25	340	105	235
45. Social sciences	30	10	20	680	270	410
Business, management and public administration	140	35	110	4,070	1,150	2,920
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	445	80	370
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	140	35	100	3,615	1,065	2,550
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	0	20	470	185	280
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	215	90	120
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	100	25	75
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	80	60	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	70	15	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	10	15	610	395	220
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	15	15	530	355	175
25. Library science	0	0	0	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	65	35	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	350	335	10	5,755	5,410	345
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	130	90	40
14. Engineering	10	15	0	315	260	55
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	80	70	10	1,505	1,355	145
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	60	60	0	1,045	1,015	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	130	125	0	1,605	1,575	30
48. Precision production	65	65	0	1,160	1,110	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	55	25	935	675	260
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	50	25	25	750	535	215
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	35	0	180	140	45
Health and related fields	210	25	180	5,245	710	4,535
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	10	0	345	155	185
51. Health professions and related programs	205	20	185	4,885	545	4,340
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	15	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	130	65	65	2,120	1,040	1,080
12. Personal and culinary services	50	10	50	1,000	195	810
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	45	25	20	695	455	245
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0	405	385	20
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,450	2,760	2,690	70,930	34,555	36,380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,865	1,975	1,885	38,650	19,690	18,960
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,590	785	805	32,285	14,865	17,420
Location of study inside Canada	1,520	755	770	30,535	13,985	16,550
Same as province or territory of residence	1,430	720	710	29,335	13,465	15,865
Different than province or territory of residence	95	35	60	1,205	520	680
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	65	30	35	1,750	875	870
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	20	10	15	495	240	255
Philippines	0	0	10	55	10	45
India	0	0	0	60	30	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	15	10	375	240	135
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	15	10	10	745	350	395
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,390	1,735	1,655	45,255	21,990	23,265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,190	1,160	1,030	20,810	11,090	9,715
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,200	575	625	24,445	10,905	13,550
Location of study inside Canada	1,145	555	590	23,395	10,430	12,960
Same as province or territory of residence	1,075	530	540	22,600	10,095	12,500
Different than province or territory of residence	70	25	50	800	335	465
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	60	25	35	1,055	470	585
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	20	0	15	340	155	185
Philippines	0	0	0	55	10	40
India	0	0	0	40	20	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	10	10	175	95	80
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	15	10	10	435	180	245
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	5,450	2,765	2,690	70,935	34,555	36,380
In the labour force	3,360	1,995	1,370	44,950	23,745	21,205
Employed	3,095	1,835	1,255	42,095	22,270	19,825
Unemployed	275	160	115	2,850	1,470	1,380
Not in the labour force	2,090	765	1,320	25,985	10,810	15,175
Participation rate	61.7	72.2	50.9	63.4	68.7	58.3
Employment rate	56.8	66.4	46.7	59.3	64.4	54.5
Unemployment rate	8.2	8.0	8.4	6.3	6.2	6.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	5,450	2,760	2,690	70,930	34,550	36,380
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,790	680	1,115	24,240	10,150	14,090
Worked	3,655	2,080	1,570	46,695	24,405	22,290
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,810	1,175	635	25,640	14,840	10,805
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,850	905	940	21,055	9,565	11,490
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	43.5	38.7	43.5	44.2	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	3,365	1,995	1,370	44,950	23,745	21,205
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	35	20	15	830	395	435
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	3,330	1,975	1,355	44,120	23,350	20,770
Employee	2,760	1,550	1,205	38,715	19,940	18,775
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	570	420	150	5,405	3,410	1,990
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	3,360	1,995	1,370	44,945	23,745	21,200
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	20	15	830	400	430
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	3,330	1,975	1,355	44,120	23,345	20,770
0 Management occupations	325	225	100	4,375	2,840	1,530
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	320	85	230	5,630	1,390	4,240
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	95	75	25	1,600	1,260	340
3 Health occupations	120	10	110	3,150	445	2,705
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	185	55	130	4,185	1,180	3,010
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	0	0	720	295	425
6 Sales and service occupations	490	160	330	9,375	3,370	6,010
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	850	785	60	8,890	8,270	620
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	395	230	165	1,810	1,175	635
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	545	345	195	4,380	3,120	1,265
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	3,365	1,995	1,370	44,945	23,745	21,205
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	35	20	10	830	395	430
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	3,330	1,975	1,360	44,120	23,350	20,770
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	490	290	200	2,775	1,770	1,010
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	70	60	10
22 Utilities	20	15	10	290	205	90
23 Construction	380	345	40	3,635	3,270	365
31-33 Manufacturing	815	535	285	7,560	5,570	1,985
41 Wholesale trade	110	85	25	1,340	940	400
44-45 Retail trade	275	135	140	4,540	1,935	2,605
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	200	155	45	2,710	2,120	590
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	10	530	295	240
52 Finance and insurance	45	15	30	1,200	425	780
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	15	10	590	325	265
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	65	45	25	1,580	725	855
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	25	15	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	130	75	50	2,140	1,180	955
61 Educational services	105	25	80	2,470	660	1,810
62 Health care and social assistance	210	15	195	5,480	730	4,745
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	20	10	685	315	370
72 Accommodation and food services	190	55	135	2,700	785	1,915
81 Other services (except public administration)	145	95	50	2,090	1,135	960
91 Public administration	75	50	25	1,705	895	815
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	3,095	1,840	1,255	42,095	22,275	19,825
Worked at home	395	250	145	3,495	1,885	1,610
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0	140	110	35
No fixed workplace address	480	390	90	5,215	3,940	1,275
Worked at usual place	2,215	1,190	1,025	33,250	16,340	16,910
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,215	1,190	1,020	33,245	16,335	16,910
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	295	170	130	11,405	4,900	6,510
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	485	265	215	7,550	3,715	3,835
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,435	755	675	14,235	7,695	6,540
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	50	30	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,695	1,585	1,115	38,460	20,280	18,185
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,335	1,395	940	33,045	17,625	15,425
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	235	95	140	2,750	1,340	1,410
Public transit	10	0	0	235	60	170
Walked	80	55	30	1,765	810	950
Bicycle	10	10	0	315	245	75
Other method	30	25	10	355	195	160
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,695	1,580	1,115	38,460	20,275	18,185
Less than 15 minutes	675	375	300	14,190	6,515	7,680
15 to 29 minutes	1,055	545	505	11,365	5,940	5,430
30 to 44 minutes	525	350	170	8,015	4,555	3,455
45 to 59 minutes	245	160	90	2,945	1,755	1,195
60 minutes and over	205	155	45	1,940	1,515	425
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,695	1,580	1,110	38,460	20,275	18,185
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	375	270	110	3,335	2,325	1,010
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	760	500	260	9,070	5,895	3,175
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	645	365	280	9,695	4,740	4,950
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	270	115	155	6,190	2,185	4,000
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	175	60	120	2,940	1,000	1,935
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	465	275	195	7,240	4,125	3,115
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	3,750	2,115	1,635	48,165	25,110	23,055
Single responses	3,740	2,115	1,620	47,990	25,035	22,950
Official languages	3,625	2,040	1,585	47,575	24,805	22,770
English	3,600	2,040	1,565	47,450	24,780	22,670
French	20	0	20	125	25	100
Non-official languages	110	75	40	415	235	180
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	115	75	40	415	235	185
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	110	70	40	395	230	165
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	115	75	40	375	220	155
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	10	0	15	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	75	40	35	280	150	130
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	35	30	0	80	60	20
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	0	10	175	70	105
English and French	0	0	10	65	15	50
English and non-official language	10	0	0	100	55	45
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	3,750	2,115	1,635	48,165	25,110	23,055
None	3,385	1,905	1,485	46,570	24,290	22,285
English	95	55	40	340	160	175
French	10	0	10	275	120	160
Non-official language	265	160	110	965	530	435
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	265	155	110	960	530	430
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	7,265	3,680	3,580	86,585	42,605	43,980
Non-movers	6,435	3,220	3,215	76,465	37,650	38,810
Movers	830	460	370	10,125	4,955	5,170
Non-migrants	255	155	110	4,835	2,275	2,560
Migrants	570	310	260	5,290	2,680	2,605
Internal migrants	570	310	260	4,950	2,485	2,465
Intraprovincial migrants	500	265	230	4,590	2,300	2,290
Interprovincial migrants	75	45	30	355	185	170
External migrants	0	0	0	340	195	145
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	6,775	3,430	3,350	82,505	40,520	41,985
Non-movers	4,465	2,275	2,195	53,290	26,460	26,825
Movers	2,310	1,155	1,150	29,215	14,055	15,160
Non-migrants	665	325	335	14,350	6,775	7,575
Migrants	1,650	825	815	14,865	7,285	7,580
Internal migrants	1,485	760	725	14,030	6,905	7,125
Intraprovincial migrants	1,345	695	650	13,220	6,485	6,735
Interprovincial migrants	145	70	70	815	420	395
External migrants	160	65	95	835	380	455

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Bayham, MU [Census subdivision], Ontario and Elgin, CTY [Census division], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 18, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bayham, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Elgin, County [Census division], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Bayham, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Elgin, County [Census division], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bayham, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Elgin, County [Census division], Ontario