Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lakeshore, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Port Hope [Population centre], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Lakeshore, T Ontario [Census subdivision]			Port Hope Ontario [Population centre]
	Data quality , Lakeshore, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Lakeshore, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Port Hope [Population centre], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	36,611	...	...	12,587	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	34,546	...	...	12,177^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.0	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	13,900	...	...	5,638	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	13,185	...	...	5,478	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	69.0	...	...	993.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	530.33	...	...	12.67	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	36,615	18,405	18,205	12,580	5,950	6,630
0 to 14 years	6,985	3,620	3,365	1,630	810	825
0 to 4 years	1,880	955	920	440	225	215
5 to 9 years	2,435	1,265	1,170	580	290	295
10 to 14 years	2,665	1,405	1,270	610	290	315
15 to 64 years	24,220	12,125	12,095	7,530	3,640	3,885
15 to 19 years	2,575	1,330	1,245	605	330	275
20 to 24 years	2,075	1,105	965	630	345	280
25 to 29 years	1,545	785	760	605	285	325
30 to 34 years	1,795	830	965	600	300	300
35 to 39 years	2,290	1,115	1,170	645	310	335
40 to 44 years	2,755	1,335	1,420	645	310	335
45 to 49 years	2,825	1,395	1,425	730	360	370
50 to 54 years	3,120	1,580	1,540	985	460	525
55 to 59 years	2,825	1,445	1,380	1,030	445	580
60 to 64 years	2,415	1,200	1,215	1,050	490	560
65 years and over	5,410	2,655	2,755	3,425	1,500	1,915
65 to 69 years	2,090	1,065	1,020	1,150	530	615
70 to 74 years	1,410	715	695	815	400	415
75 to 79 years	865	435	430	550	250	300
80 to 84 years	565	255	310	400	175	225
85 years and over	475	175	300	505	150	355
85 to 89 years	310	140	165	275	85	185
90 to 94 years	135	25	105	180	50	130
95 to 99 years	35	10	20	45	15	35
100 years and over	10	0	5	10	5	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.1	19.7	18.5	13.0	13.6	12.4
15 to 64 years	66.1	65.9	66.4	59.9	61.2	58.6
65 years and over	14.8	14.4	15.1	27.2	25.2	28.9
85 years and over	1.3	1.0	1.6	4.0	2.5	5.4
Average age of the population	39.9	39.5	40.4	47.3	45.8	48.7
Median age of the population	41.9	41.5	42.3	51.2	49.1	52.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	13,185	...	...	5,475	...	...
Single-detached house	12,130	...	...	3,610	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	365	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	800	...	...	1,500	...	...
Semi-detached house	200	...	...	270	...	...
Row house	310	...	...	380	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	60	...	...	95	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	220	...	...	735	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	255	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	13,185	...	...	5,475	...	...
1 person	2,310	...	...	1,655	...	...
2 persons	4,680	...	...	2,190	...	...
3 persons	2,160	...	...	780	...	...
4 persons	2,590	...	...	610	...	...
5 or more persons	1,450	...	...	240	...	...
Number of persons in private households	36,365	...	...	12,115	...	...
Average household size	2.8	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	29,625	14,780	14,845	10,950	5,145	5,800
Married or living common law	19,660	9,810	9,845	6,405	3,190	3,215
Married	17,505	8,740	8,765	5,240	2,610	2,625
Living common law	2,155	1,075	1,080	1,165	575	585
Not married and not living common law	9,965	4,970	5,000	4,545	1,955	2,590
Never married	6,730	3,745	2,985	2,390	1,305	1,085
Separated	660	305	355	420	185	235
Divorced	1,270	620	650	825	295	530
Widowed	1,305	300	1,005	905	175	735
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	10,935	...	...	3,745	...	...
2 persons	4,965	...	...	2,275	...	...
3 persons	2,170	...	...	735	...	...
4 persons	2,600	...	...	560	...	...
5 or more persons	1,200	...	...	170	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	10,935	...	...	3,750	...	...
Total couple families	9,735	...	...	3,105	...	...
Married couples	8,660	...	...	2,520	...	...
Common-law couples	1,075	...	...	580	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,200	...	...	645	...	...
Female parent	885	...	...	500	...	...
Male parent	315	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	9,735	...	...	3,105	...	...
Couples without children	4,315	...	...	1,860	...	...
Couples with children	5,425	...	...	1,240	...	...
1 child	1,765	...	...	555	...	...
2 children	2,485	...	...	520	...	...
3 or more children	1,170	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,200	...	...	645	...	...
1 child	650	...	...	415	...	...
2 children	395	...	...	175	...	...
3 or more children	150	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,135	1,590	1,550	2,205	900	1,305
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	13,185	...	...	5,480	...	...
One-census-family households	10,470	...	...	3,625	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	4,110	...	...	1,805	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	6,360	...	...	1,820	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	230	...	...	60	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,490	...	...	1,795	...	...
One-person households	2,310	...	...	1,650	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	185	...	...	140	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	36,375	18,330	18,045	12,220	5,835	6,390
English only	29,830	15,290	14,540	11,245	5,400	5,845
French only	35	15	15	0	0	0
English and French	6,355	2,965	3,390	940	415	525
Neither English nor French	155	55	100	30	15	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	36,380	18,330	18,050	12,220	5,835	6,390
English	33,950	17,150	16,800	12,040	5,745	6,295
French	2,165	1,070	1,095	130	65	70
English and French	110	60	55	15	10	5
Neither English nor French	150	55	95	25	15	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,220	1,100	1,120	140	70	70
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	6.1	6.0	6.2	1.1	1.2	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	36,375	18,325	18,045	12,220	5,830	6,385
Single responses	35,750	18,030	17,720	12,130	5,795	6,335
Official languages	32,030	16,190	15,840	11,620	5,555	6,060
English	29,715	15,045	14,670	11,485	5,490	5,995
French	2,315	1,145	1,165	140	70	75
Non-official languages	3,720	1,835	1,880	510	235	270
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,720	1,840	1,880	505	235	270
Afro-Asiatic languages	315	155	160	10	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	310	150	160	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	245	125	125	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	10	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	45	15	25	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	10	10	5	0	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	85	35	50	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	80	35	45	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	65	25	40	30	10	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	10	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	20	35	20	0	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	5	0	0
Tamil	5	0	5	5	5	0
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,875	1,435	1,445	370	185	190
Albanian	35	15	20	0	0	5
Armenian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	955	465	495	80	35	45
Baltic languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lithuanian	5	5	5	5	0	5
Slavic languages	945	460	485	75	35	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	135	65	70	5	5	5
Czech	15	10	15	5	5	0
Macedonian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Polish	220	100	125	40	15	25
Russian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Serbian	225	115	110	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	60	35	30	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	5	5	0
Ukrainian	30	15	10	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	470	230	240	125	60	60
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	0	0	0	5
Dutch	50	30	25	35	20	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	405	190	210	80	35	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	30	20	15	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	445	225	225	35	25	15
Indo-Aryan languages	410	205	200	20	10	10
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	15	20	5	5	5
Hindi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	265	140	125	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	65	30	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	10	20	15	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	15	15	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	890	460	425	110	55	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	535	285	255	45	25	20
Portuguese	80	40	30	15	15	5
Romanian	170	85	85	5	5	0
Spanish	105	50	55	45	15	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	145	80	70	35	15	25
Chinese languages	145	80	70	35	15	20
Cantonese	65	35	30	10	5	10
Hakka	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	30	30	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	10	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	15	20	5	5	0
Lao	25	15	15	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40	20	25	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	40	20	20	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	85	40	45	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Finnish	10	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	80	35	45	10	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	630	300	325	90	35	50
English and French	340	155	180	35	10	20
English and non-official language	265	135	130	50	25	30
French and non-official language	15	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	5	5	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	36,375	18,330	18,050	12,220	5,835	6,385
Single responses	35,665	18,000	17,670	12,125	5,795	6,325
Official languages	34,310	17,335	16,975	11,965	5,715	6,245
English	33,645	17,030	16,615	11,930	5,695	6,235
French	660	305	355	35	25	10
Non-official languages	1,355	660	695	160	75	80
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,355	660	695	155	80	80
Afro-Asiatic languages	130	70	55	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	130	70	55	5	0	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	90	50	40	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	25	15	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	10	10	15	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	15	15	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,000	480	520	85	45	40
Albanian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	330	165	165	20	10	10
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	330	165	165	25	15	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	10	15	5	5	5
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	85	40	45	0	0	5
Polish	100	50	50	10	5	5
Russian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	80	40	35	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	135	60	80	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	125	55	75	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	300	150	150	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	280	145	140	5	0	5
Bengali	0	0	5	5	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	20	5	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	195	105	90	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	50	25	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	10	15	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	5	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	215	95	115	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	85	35	50	5	0	5
Portuguese	5	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	90	45	45	5	0	0
Spanish	30	10	20	20	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	20	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	35	35	20	10	15
Chinese languages	75	35	35	25	10	15
Cantonese	20	10	10	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	5	15	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	5	15	0	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	5	10	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	5	10	0	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	710	330	380	95	40	60
English and French	130	55	70	10	0	10
English and non-official language	560	265	295	75	30	45
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	36,380	18,325	18,050	12,220	5,830	6,390
None	32,225	16,340	15,885	11,785	5,635	6,150
English	990	500	490	90	50	40
French	1,680	770	905	150	60	90
Non-official language	1,430	705	725	185	85	105
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	1,430	700	725	185	85	100
English and French	5	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	5	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	10	25	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	29,380	14,700	14,680	10,480	4,985	5,500
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	28,065	14,130	13,935	10,165	4,835	5,330
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,817	52,424	33,543	34,330	42,388	28,012
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	28,085	14,125	13,955	10,175	4,830	5,340
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,884	45,480	30,320	31,147	37,574	25,517
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	26,365	13,540	12,825	9,125	4,440	4,685
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,958	49,559	30,394	30,474	39,642	23,639
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,480	8,825	10,650	7,690	3,430	4,260
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,603	4,038	4,997	8,594	8,512	8,730
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,730	12,250	10,480	6,965	3,570	3,390
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,516	45,911	31,140	29,670	35,328	25,696
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	29,380	14,670	14,715	10,585	5,050	5,530
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,050	14,085	13,960	10,245	4,900	5,345
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	56,292	69,727	42,735	44,827	53,400	36,970
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,085	14,090	13,995	10,255	4,900	5,355
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,891	55,643	36,073	37,683	44,145	31,769
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,435	13,555	12,880	9,210	4,535	4,685
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,276	67,636	40,219	42,108	50,983	33,522
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,600	8,870	10,735	7,730	3,455	4,270
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,357	7,408	7,315	9,235	8,876	9,526
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,735	12,185	10,545	7,020	3,635	3,385
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,284	61,547	39,423	40,407	45,581	34,855
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	29,380	14,670	14,715	10,585	5,055	5,535
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	11,110	6,555	4,560	3,035	1,705	1,330
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	62,399	70,723	51,709	49,955	59,199	43,656
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	75,406	87,578	57,920	60,545	68,760	50,025
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	90.9	93.5	86.8	84.6	88.2	79.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	73.5	76.4	69.0	62.7	65.5	59.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.1	6.5	13.2	15.4	11.8	20.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	29,380	14,700	14,680	10,485	4,990	5,500
Without total income	1,320	570	745	320	155	170
With total income	28,065	14,125	13,935	10,165	4,835	5,330
Percentage with total income	95.5	96.1	94.9	96.9	96.9	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,470	1,350	2,115	1,205	465	745
$10,000 to $19,999	3,565	1,235	2,330	1,735	655	1,080
$20,000 to $29,999	3,095	1,185	1,910	1,580	560	1,025
$30,000 to $39,999	2,885	1,260	1,620	1,325	585	740
$40,000 to $49,999	3,200	1,665	1,535	1,130	595	540
$50,000 to $59,999	2,445	1,300	1,140	785	430	355
$60,000 to $69,999	1,900	1,125	775	640	400	245
$70,000 to $79,999	1,650	1,030	615	440	285	150
$80,000 to $89,999	1,350	850	505	335	200	135
$90,000 to $99,999	1,225	695	525	265	150	115
$100,000 and over	3,280	2,425	860	720	510	205
$100,000 to $149,999	2,220	1,585	630	510	365	145
$150,000 and over	1,065	835	230	210	150	60
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	29,380	14,700	14,680	10,485	4,985	5,500
Without after-tax income	1,295	570	725	315	155	155
With after-tax income	28,085	14,125	13,960	10,175	4,830	5,335
Percentage with after-tax income	95.6	96.1	95.1	97.0	96.9	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,600	1,370	2,235	1,260	470	795
$10,000 to $19,999	3,775	1,305	2,475	1,825	680	1,145
$20,000 to $29,999	3,630	1,425	2,210	1,830	675	1,150
$30,000 to $39,999	3,850	1,875	1,975	1,605	770	835
$40,000 to $49,999	3,515	1,865	1,655	1,165	635	535
$50,000 to $59,999	2,630	1,570	1,060	795	490	305
$60,000 to $69,999	2,100	1,355	745	560	355	205
$70,000 to $79,999	1,715	1,020	700	405	250	155
$80,000 and over	3,255	2,350	905	725	505	220
$80,000 to $89,999	1,025	690	335	250	160	95
$90,000 to $99,999	595	420	170	145	110	35
$100,000 and over	1,640	1,245	400	325	235	90
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	29,380	14,700	14,680	10,480	4,990	5,500
Without employment income	6,650	2,450	4,200	3,520	1,420	2,105
With employment income	22,730	12,255	10,480	6,960	3,570	3,395
Percentage with employment income	77.4	83.4	71.4	66.4	71.5	61.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,915	2,330	1,585	1,195	650	545
$5,000 to $9,999	1,525	640	885	585	265	315
$10,000 to $19,999	2,560	1,050	1,510	930	385	545
$20,000 to $29,999	1,935	810	1,125	800	315	490
$30,000 to $39,999	1,910	795	1,120	730	305	425
$40,000 to $49,999	1,900	805	1,095	655	325	325
$50,000 to $59,999	1,550	810	735	455	255	195
$60,000 to $69,999	1,355	815	540	360	230	130
$70,000 to $79,999	1,315	840	475	280	185	95
$80,000 and over	4,770	3,360	1,415	970	650	320
$80,000 to $89,999	1,050	675	375	240	140	100
$90,000 to $99,999	1,105	615	490	190	110	80
$100,000 and over	2,610	2,060	545	535	400	135
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	13,185	...	...	5,475	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	97,064	...	...	67,763	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	82,599	...	...	59,504	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,305	...	...	1,655	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,996	...	...	35,098	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,591	...	...	31,520	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,875	...	...	3,830	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,732	...	...	82,962	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,018	...	...	72,911	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	13,185	...	...	5,510	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	119,754	...	...	83,374	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	97,747	...	...	70,139	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,305	...	...	1,630	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	59,980	...	...	46,340	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,475	...	...	38,859	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,880	...	...	3,875	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	132,416	...	...	98,973	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	108,395	...	...	83,315	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	13,185	...	...	5,475	...	...
Under $5,000	110	...	...	60	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	70	...	...	65	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	150	...	...	160	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	200	...	...	200	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	270	...	...	275	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	290	...	...	220	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	310	...	...	215	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	355	...	...	275	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	420	...	...	260	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	430	...	...	225	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	925	...	...	435	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	865	...	...	465	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	850	...	...	405	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	815	...	...	385	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	755	...	...	320	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,375	...	...	1,520	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,740	...	...	545	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,370	...	...	365	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,800	...	...	350	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,465	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	13,185	...	...	5,480	...	...
Under $5,000	120	...	...	60	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	65	...	...	70	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	155	...	...	160	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	210	...	...	215	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	310	...	...	310	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	335	...	...	230	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	400	...	...	275	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	470	...	...	305	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	475	...	...	290	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	570	...	...	290	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,090	...	...	560	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,055	...	...	515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,040	...	...	465	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	985	...	...	370	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	900	...	...	295	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,995	...	...	1,070	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,855	...	...	490	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,270	...	...	260	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,875	...	...	315	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	10,765	...	...	3,725	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	110,786	...	...	82,554	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,042	...	...	72,397	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	4,030	...	...	1,770	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,084	...	...	78,293	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,954	...	...	68,982	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	5,470	...	...	1,255	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	140,567	...	...	111,667	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,575	...	...	93,952	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,095	...	...	610	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,714	...	...	48,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,352	...	...	45,227	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	10,755	...	...	3,785	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	132,817	...	...	98,418	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	108,687	...	...	82,823	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	4,015	...	...	1,750	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	102,933	...	...	90,314	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,341	...	...	75,948	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	5,480	...	...	1,290	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	166,418	...	...	128,431	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,725	...	...	106,653	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,070	...	...	635	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	78,261	...	...	56,134	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,504	...	...	50,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,675	1,425	1,245	1,990	820	1,165
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	41,579	46,848	34,752	33,536	37,632	30,400
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,280	40,594	31,440	30,656	33,621	27,968
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,650	1,425	1,225	1,945	820	1,130
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	56,629	67,150	44,367	44,686	47,842	42,388
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	45,094	51,933	37,122	37,539	39,234	36,304
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	36,365	18,320	18,040	12,110	5,790	6,320
In the bottom half of the distribution	11,740	5,665	6,075	5,990	2,715	3,270
In the bottom decile	1,385	680	705	990	450	535
In the second decile	1,825	825	1,000	1,205	480	720
In the third decile	2,420	1,125	1,295	1,230	560	665
In the fourth decile	2,845	1,390	1,455	1,330	630	695
In the fifth decile	3,270	1,650	1,615	1,245	600	645
In the top half of the distribution	24,620	12,655	11,970	6,120	3,075	3,050
In the sixth decile	3,775	1,890	1,880	1,305	635	675
In the seventh decile	4,535	2,345	2,190	1,315	680	640
In the eighth decile	5,160	2,655	2,505	1,260	625	640
In the ninth decile	5,555	2,830	2,725	1,200	595	605
In the top decile	5,605	2,930	2,670	1,035	545	490
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	36,365	18,320	18,045	12,115	5,790	6,325
0 to 17 years	8,575	4,450	4,125	1,965	985	975
0 to 5 years	2,295	1,170	1,125	555	275	285
18 to 64 years	22,570	11,265	11,305	7,120	3,415	3,705
65 years and over	5,215	2,600	2,615	3,030	1,390	1,640
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,200	1,040	1,165	1,560	655	900
0 to 17 years	620	315	310	400	200	200
0 to 5 years	160	70	90	110	45	65
18 to 64 years	1,285	600	685	895	365	525
65 years and over	305	130	175	260	90	170
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.0	5.7	6.5	12.9	11.3	14.2
0 to 17 years (%)	7.2	7.1	7.5	20.4	20.3	20.5
0 to 5 years (%)	7.0	6.0	8.0	19.8	16.4	22.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.7	5.3	6.1	12.6	10.7	14.2
65 years and over (%)	5.8	5.0	6.7	8.6	6.5	10.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	900	450	460	630	295	335
0 to 17 years	220	110	110	135	70	65
0 to 5 years	50	20	30	30	10	15
18 to 64 years	620	310	310	450	205	250
65 years and over	60	30	30	50	20	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.5	2.5	2.5	5.2	5.1	5.3
0 to 17 years (%)	2.6	2.5	2.7	6.9	7.1	6.7
0 to 5 years (%)	2.2	1.7	2.7	5.4	3.6	5.3
18 to 64 years (%)	2.7	2.8	2.7	6.3	6.0	6.7
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.7	1.4	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	36,365	18,320	18,040	12,295	5,890	6,400
Official languages	36,190	18,260	17,930	12,265	5,875	6,390
English	36,160	18,250	17,910	12,265	5,875	6,390
French	6,335	2,960	3,375	955	400	560
Non-official languages	4,625	2,285	2,340	800	360	440
Aboriginal languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,620	2,280	2,340	800	360	440
Afro-Asiatic languages	375	170	205	10	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	370	165	205	10	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	290	120	170	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	90	40	45	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	140	65	75	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	120	60	60	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	20	35	40	10	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	10	35	40	10	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	35	20	35	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	10	15	10	0	0
Tamil	25	20	0	30	15	15
Telugu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,600	1,800	1,795	595	285	315
Albanian	80	35	55	0	0	0
Armenian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,110	555	560	85	40	50
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,100	545	555	85	35	50
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	250	125	125	10	10	10
Czech	25	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	235	130	110	10	0	10
Polish	255	110	150	45	20	20
Russian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Serbian	260	140	125	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	60	20	40	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	15	0	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	650	315	335	145	60	80
Afrikaans	20	0	10	0	10	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	85	30	55	45	25	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	530	270	260	95	35	60
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	30	25	0	0	0
Greek	95	50	45	25	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages	440	240	200	80	40	45
Indo-Aryan languages	430	240	200	60	30	30
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Gujarati	25	10	10	10	0	10
Hindi	85	50	40	25	25	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	230	130	100	25	20	0
Sindhi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Urdu	125	65	55	25	10	15
Iranian languages	10	10	10	20	10	10
Kurdish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,245	645	600	285	125	155
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	680	360	325	105	50	60
Portuguese	115	75	45	35	20	15
Romanian	195	90	105	15	0	10
Spanish	290	150	140	150	65	80
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	0	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	10	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	20	25	15	10	0
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	15	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	130	55	75	60	20	45
Chinese languages	130	60	70	60	15	45
Cantonese	50	30	20	10	10	0
Hakka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	15	25	60	20	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	15	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Lao	25	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	70	30	35	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	125	60	65	40	15	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	20	10	15
Hungarian	115	60	55	20	15	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	36,365	18,325	18,045	12,295	5,890	6,405
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	35,625	18,075	17,550	12,090	5,810	6,275
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,515	4,435	4,085	2,010	1,000	1,015
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	27,105	13,640	13,465	10,080	4,815	5,265
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	740	245	500	205	80	125
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	36,365	18,320	18,040	12,295	5,890	6,400
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	32,370	16,435	15,935	10,900	5,265	5,630
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,905	1,845	2,055	1,360	600	755
Before 1981	1,740	900	840	1,005	430	575
1981 to 1990	510	185	320	100	50	55
1991 to 2000	785	380	400	115	75	45
2001 to 2010	670	300	375	100	35	55
2001 to 2005	400	180	220	35	15	25
2006 to 2010	270	120	155	60	20	35
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	200	85	115	35	15	25
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	90	40	55	40	20	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,900	1,845	2,055	1,360	605	755
Under 5 years	635	375	260	210	100	115
5 to 14 years	800	435	370	315	110	200
15 to 24 years	890	335	560	315	155	160
25 to 44 years	1,390	630	765	465	225	240
45 years and over	180	70	110	55	20	40
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,900	1,845	2,055	1,355	600	760
Americas	830	290	535	230	100	135
Brazil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	10	10	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	30	10	20
Mexico	155	75	80	10	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	10	10	25	15	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	535	150	390	95	35	55
Other places of birth in Americas	70	35	35	50	30	25
Europe	1,975	1,010	965	880	405	475
Bosnia and Herzegovina	45	25	20	0	0	0
Croatia	135	90	45	10	10	0
France	35	15	20	10	0	10
Germany	85	55	30	60	30	35
Greece	40	30	10	15	10	0
Hungary	25	20	0	15	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	15	10	30	10	20
Italy	200	120	80	30	15	20
Netherlands	60	35	25	40	30	15
Poland	165	70	95	30	20	10
Portugal	50	40	10	15	15	0
Romania	150	80	75	10	10	10
Russian Federation	20	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	100	50	50	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	465	200	265	565	240	325
Other places of birth in Europe	375	165	205	50	30	20
Africa	90	40	45	25	10	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	15	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	30	15	20	10	0	10
Asia	985	480	510	215	80	135
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	15	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	45	15	25	35	15	25
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	25	10	10	10	0	10
India	260	145	115	40	25	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	75	30	45	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	10	10	0	10
Lebanon	120	50	65	0	0	0
Pakistan	75	35	35	25	20	10
Philippines	75	35	35	40	15	30
Sri Lanka	0	0	10	25	10	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	15	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	110	50	60	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	130	50	75	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	25	20	0	10	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	200	85	115	35	10	25
Americas	110	50	60	10	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	65	40	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	10	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	70	30	40	25	10	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	0	15	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	36,365	18,320	18,040	12,295	5,890	6,400
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,230	2,015	2,215	1,435	645	795
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	6,540	3,265	3,270	1,980	930	1,050
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	25,595	13,035	12,555	8,880	4,315	4,560
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,270	1,010	1,260	365	175	195
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	900	460	440	120	65	55
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	340	240	100	50	30	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	560	225	335	75	35	40
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	945	315	625	200	80	115
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	405	220	180	50	25	20
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	36,365	18,320	18,045	12,295	5,890	6,400
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,030	530	500	240	80	160
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	995	515	480	230	70	165
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	255	130	120	140	40	100
Métis	745	380	360	95	30	60
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	20	10	10	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	35,330	17,790	17,540	12,050	5,810	6,245
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	36,360	18,320	18,040	12,295	5,890	6,400
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	185	105	80	75	15	55
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	36,180	18,215	17,965	12,220	5,875	6,345
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	36,365	18,320	18,040	12,295	5,895	6,400
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	75	40	40	25	10	15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	80	40	40	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	45	25	25	20	0	10
Métis single ancestry	30	15	15	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,675	845	825	410	165	240
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,645	825	820	400	165	235
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	455	470	295	120	175
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	715	365	345	105	45	60
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	35	25	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	20	15	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	34,610	17,435	17,180	11,865	5,720	6,150
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	36,365	18,320	18,040	12,295	5,890	6,405
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,105	1,120	985	535	245	295
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	640	370	265	135	65	75
Chinese	160	85	70	70	20	50
Black	345	180	165	135	70	70
Filipino	160	85	75	60	25	35
Latin American	85	45	45	45	20	25
Arab	275	130	140	10	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	215	105	110	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Korean	30	20	15	10	0	10
Japanese	20	10	10	10	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	65	30	40	30	15	15
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	105	55	50	10	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	34,260	17,205	17,060	11,755	5,650	6,105
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	36,365	18,320	18,045	12,295	5,895	6,400
North American Aboriginal origins	1,750	885	870	430	175	255
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,005	505	500	320	130	190
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	780	400	375	115	45	70
Other North American origins	13,555	6,815	6,740	4,720	2,295	2,425
Acadian	10	10	10	45	15	25
American	475	200	280	250	130	120
Canadian	13,280	6,710	6,570	4,540	2,210	2,325
New Brunswicker	0	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	10	0	55	20	30
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	15	10	0	10	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	28,100	14,080	14,020	9,655	4,600	5,055
British Isles origins	15,195	7,410	7,785	8,050	3,830	4,215
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	8,640	4,145	4,495	5,085	2,375	2,710
Irish	6,505	3,100	3,405	3,210	1,505	1,700
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	5,510	2,670	2,840	3,505	1,695	1,815
Welsh	355	215	140	305	140	170
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	515	255	260	555	260	295
French origins	12,765	6,290	6,475	1,415	615	800
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	12,765	6,290	6,480	1,395	610	785
Western European origins (except French origins)	6,190	3,070	3,115	1,610	770	835
Austrian	105	50	50	50	25	20
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	515	275	240	25	15	10
Dutch	1,305	670	640	610	305	300
Flemish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	15	10	10	15	0	10
German	4,380	2,120	2,260	955	430	525
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	140	70	70	20	20	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	535	250	280	330	165	160
Danish	170	85	85	40	15	25
Finnish	125	50	75	50	30	25
Icelandic	20	10	10	10	0	10
Norwegian	125	75	50	90	40	55
Swedish	100	25	75	135	80	55
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	15	10	10	25	10	10
Eastern European origins	4,520	2,215	2,305	710	345	365
Bulgarian	15	10	10	10	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	225	95	130	15	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	90	40	50	0	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	730	415	320	95	65	30
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	65	45	20	0	10	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,510	755	755	285	140	140
Romanian	525	260	260	25	10	15
Russian	400	190	205	55	15	35
Slovak	385	165	225	10	0	10
Ukrainian	1,380	660	715	295	155	140
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	0	20	0	0	10
Southern European origins	5,470	2,825	2,645	825	405	420
Albanian	110	50	60	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	450	230	225	30	25	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	285	130	160	80	50	30
Italian	3,230	1,670	1,565	445	200	245
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	365	190	170	15	0	10
Maltese	110	65	40	60	45	20
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	290	150	140	110	55	50
Serbian	445	250	195	10	10	0
Sicilian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	75	20	55	30	10	20
Spanish	145	70	75	85	40	40
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	160	75	80	10	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	125	50	70	100	45	45
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	20	0	15	25	15	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	100	45	55	60	35	25
Caribbean origins	180	95	90	130	60	70
Antiguan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	10	0	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	10	10	10	0	0
Jamaican	65	40	25	40	10	35
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	50	20	35	40	25	20
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	20	0	20	15	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	305	140	165	120	55	65
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	0	10	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	20	10	25	10	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	25	10	20	15	10	10
Colombian	30	15	20	10	0	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	50	15	35	25	10	15
Hispanic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	95	50	50	20	0	15
Nicaraguan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	15	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	220	115	105	75	40	25
Central and West African origins	75	40	30	15	0	15
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	20	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	10	15	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	15	0	0	15	15	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	10	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	40	25	15	20	15	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	20	10	10	20	20	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	105	40	60	20	10	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	70	25	40	15	10	0
Asian origins	2,310	1,245	1,065	395	165	230
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,005	520	485	80	40	40
Afghan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	45	10	30	0	0	0
Armenian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Assyrian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Iraqi	140	60	80	0	0	0
Israeli	15	0	15	20	0	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	520	300	220	30	20	10
Palestinian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	15	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	645	370	275	145	70	75
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	585	330	255	80	40	35
Goan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	100	60	40	10	0	0
Punjabi	30	25	0	10	15	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	0	0	20	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	680	360	315	175	55	115
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese	265	145	115	95	30	60
Filipino	165	90	70	55	15	35
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	20	20	25	15	15
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	15	10	0	10
Laotian	50	30	15	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	175	90	85	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	50	45	10	40	25	15
Australian	15	10	0	30	15	15
New Zealander	10	10	10	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	25	20	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	13,185	...	...	5,510	...	...
Owner	11,985	...	...	4,085	...	...
Renter	1,200	...	...	1,425	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	13,185	...	...	5,510	...	...
Condominium	135	...	...	225	...	...
Not condominium	13,045	...	...	5,280	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	13,185	...	...	5,510	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	40	...	...
1 bedroom	345	...	...	605	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,035	...	...	1,505	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,940	...	...	2,380	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,845	...	...	985	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	13,185	...	...	5,510	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	950	...	...	1,050	...	...
5 rooms	1,370	...	...	810	...	...
6 rooms	1,950	...	...	1,000	...	...
7 rooms	2,150	...	...	940	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,765	...	...	1,700	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.8	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	13,185	...	...	5,510	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,125	...	...	5,500	...	...
More than 1 person per room	60	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	13,185	...	...	5,510	...	...
Suitable	12,880	...	...	5,340	...	...
Not suitable	305	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	13,185	...	...	5,510	...	...
1960 or before	2,910	...	...	2,290	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,090	...	...	1,455	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,130	...	...	520	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,290	...	...	330	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,720	...	...	385	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,105	...	...	205	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	945	...	...	325	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	13,185	...	...	5,510	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	12,365	...	...	5,060	...	...
Major repairs needed	825	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	13,185	...	...	5,510	...	...
1 household maintainer	6,725	...	...	3,345	...	...
2 household maintainers	6,360	...	...	2,115	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	100	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	13,185	...	...	5,510	...	...
15 to 24 years	85	...	...	100	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,200	...	...	540	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,585	...	...	670	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,260	...	...	980	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,920	...	...	1,260	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,005	...	...	1,175	...	...
75 to 84 years	860	...	...	590	...	...
85 years and over	275	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	12,850	...	...	5,505	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	11,190	...	...	4,110	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,655	...	...	1,395	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,455	...	...	1,290	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,675	...	...	4,080	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	62.4	...	...	58.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.9	...	...	16.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,197	...	...	1,106	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,295	...	...	1,202	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	296,386	...	...	280,553	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	331,453	...	...	321,917	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,195	...	...	1,430	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	5.0	...	...	16.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	32.5	...	...	50.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	844	...	...	917	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	889	...	...	940	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	29,380	14,670	14,715	10,585	5,055	5,535
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,625	2,480	2,150	1,845	965	880
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,910	4,410	4,500	3,285	1,680	1,610
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,845	7,785	8,065	5,455	2,410	3,045
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,315	1,790	525	830	595	235
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	870	540	330	345	215	135
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,445	1,255	190	480	380	100
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,205	3,150	4,050	2,715	1,025	1,685
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	480	230	245	170	60	105
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,850	2,605	3,240	1,745	725	1,020
Bachelor's degree	3,985	1,685	2,305	1,285	485	805
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	545	220	330	95	55	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	240	140	100	20	15	10
Master's degree	980	525	455	300	150	150
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	95	45	50	40	25	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	19,480	9,625	9,855	6,330	2,985	3,345
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,500	850	645	700	380	325
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,505	2,790	2,715	1,940	1,090	845
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,475	5,985	6,495	3,690	1,515	2,175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,610	1,285	320	465	340	125
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	580	380	205	205	130	75
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,030	910	120	260	215	50
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,695	2,450	3,250	2,030	730	1,300
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	355	170	185	85	30	50
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,810	2,075	2,740	1,105	405	700
Bachelor's degree	3,285	1,335	1,945	865	295	565
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	440	165	275	50	30	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	205	120	85	15	10	0
Master's degree	810	420	390	155	65	95
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	70	25	45	20	15	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	29,380	14,670	14,715	10,590	5,055	5,530
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,535	6,885	6,650	5,130	2,645	2,485
Education	1,050	215	845	345	105	235
13. Education	1,055	215	845	345	105	235
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	280	110	165	265	110	155
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	15	0	60	40	15
50. Visual and performing arts	265	100	165	210	70	140
Humanities	630	265	365	340	130	210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	50	10	45	15	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	135	60	75	160	45	115
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	155	80	80	50	20	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	15	25	10	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	25	30	25	15	15
54. History	120	75	55	55	30	25
55. French language and literature/letters	65	10	60	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,730	550	1,185	805	215	595
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	145	90	60	45	20	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	385	20	370	185	20	165
22. Legal professions and studies	285	100	180	195	45	145
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	0	30	20	10	15
42. Psychology	345	70	270	115	20	95
45. Social sciences	530	260	270	240	105	140
Business, management and public administration	2,850	1,140	1,710	965	305	660
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	280	40	245	150	20	130
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,550	1,090	1,460	815	285	525
Physical and life sciences and technologies	475	200	280	145	80	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	165	45	120	75	35	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	135	60	75	15	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	130	85	45	40	30	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	0	35	10	0	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	465	305	160	140	90	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	395	270	125	95	65	30
25. Library science	15	10	10	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	25	25	35	20	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,010	3,795	210	1,080	1,015	65
04. Architecture and related services	80	65	15	40	25	15
14. Engineering	580	515	60	95	90	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	805	715	90	285	265	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	735	730	0	255	250	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	825	805	20	280	270	0
48. Precision production	985	965	20	125	120	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	280	155	125	100	65	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	195	120	75	55	35	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	40	55	40	35	10
Health and related fields	2,920	545	2,375	915	115	795
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	175	100	75	80	20	55
51. Health professions and related programs	2,710	425	2,290	825	90	730
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	25	10	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,140	500	645	365	175	190
12. Personal and culinary services	610	90	520	200	45	155
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	375	265	105	120	85	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	130	20	40	40	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	19,480	9,625	9,850	6,330	2,985	3,345
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,005	3,645	3,360	2,645	1,475	1,165
Education	815	145	670	200	70	125
13. Education	820	150	670	195	65	130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	200	50	145	195	85	105
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	40	30	10
50. Visual and performing arts	195	45	150	155	55	100
Humanities	445	190	260	170	45	120
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	40	10	40	0	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	90	40	55	65	20	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	125	65	60	30	10	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	10	20	10	15
54. History	95	55	45	40	15	30
55. French language and literature/letters	35	0	35	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,395	425	965	600	145	455
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130	80	50	35	15	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	310	10	295	155	15	135
22. Legal professions and studies	235	70	170	160	40	125
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	10	15	15	0	10
42. Psychology	265	60	200	75	10	65
45. Social sciences	430	205	230	155	65	95
Business, management and public administration	2,255	855	1,400	670	190	480
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	230	30	200	105	0	105
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,015	815	1,195	560	190	375
Physical and life sciences and technologies	335	140	195	100	60	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	125	25	100	55	35	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	40	55	15	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	90	70	20	20	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	20	15	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	415	275	135	110	70	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	365	250	115	80	60	25
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	25	20	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,135	2,950	190	670	620	50
04. Architecture and related services	55	40	10	25	15	15
14. Engineering	510	450	60	40	35	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	665	590	75	195	170	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	495	490	0	170	165	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	590	570	20	165	170	0
48. Precision production	820	810	10	70	70	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	200	105	90	55	30	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	130	80	60	35	15	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	30	35	20	10	0
Health and related fields	2,460	470	1,985	650	75	575
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	155	85	70	60	10	50
51. Health professions and related programs	2,270	365	1,900	585	60	525
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	20	10	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	825	375	450	270	125	150
12. Personal and culinary services	410	50	360	135	25	110
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	290	215	80	95	60	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	115	105	15	35	35	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	29,385	14,670	14,715	10,585	5,050	5,530
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,535	6,885	6,650	5,130	2,645	2,485
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	15,845	7,780	8,065	5,450	2,405	3,050
Location of study inside Canada	14,185	6,890	7,295	5,040	2,175	2,860
Same as province or territory of residence	13,775	6,650	7,125	4,675	1,980	2,695
Different than province or territory of residence	410	235	170	365	195	165
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,660	890	770	415	230	185
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	750	410	340	105	50	55
Philippines	30	10	20	15	0	10
India	80	50	35	15	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	185	105	85	165	100	65
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	0	10	0	0	0
France	20	10	15	0	10	0
Other	575	315	270	115	70	45
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	19,480	9,625	9,855	6,330	2,985	3,345
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,000	3,645	3,355	2,640	1,470	1,165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	12,475	5,980	6,490	3,690	1,515	2,180
Location of study inside Canada	11,260	5,365	5,895	3,525	1,440	2,090
Same as province or territory of residence	10,955	5,200	5,755	3,305	1,320	1,985
Different than province or territory of residence	305	165	145	220	120	100
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,215	620	600	165	75	90
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	610	325	285	50	20	25
Philippines	25	10	20	10	0	10
India	75	45	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	90	50	40	45	20	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other	395	190	205	60	30	30
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	29,380	14,665	14,715	10,585	5,055	5,535
In the labour force	19,585	10,305	9,280	6,235	3,160	3,075
Employed	18,675	9,860	8,815	5,810	2,930	2,885
Unemployed	910	445	465	420	225	195
Not in the labour force	9,800	4,370	5,435	4,350	1,900	2,460
Participation rate	66.7	70.3	63.1	58.9	62.5	55.6
Employment rate	63.6	67.2	59.9	54.9	58.0	52.1
Unemployment rate	4.6	4.3	5.0	6.7	7.1	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	29,385	14,665	14,710	10,585	5,055	5,530
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	8,890	3,940	4,955	4,115	1,720	2,390
Worked	20,485	10,725	9,765	6,470	3,330	3,140
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	11,330	6,695	4,640	3,155	1,780	1,370
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	9,155	4,035	5,120	3,315	1,550	1,765
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.2	44.6	43.6	42.4	42.3	42.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	19,585	10,305	9,280	6,230	3,155	3,075
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	275	130	150	125	55	75
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	19,305	10,175	9,130	6,110	3,105	3,000
Employee	17,050	8,765	8,280	5,370	2,725	2,655
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,250	1,410	845	730	385	350
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	19,580	10,300	9,280	6,230	3,160	3,075
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	280	130	150	130	50	75
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	19,305	10,175	9,130	6,105	3,105	3,000
0 Management occupations	2,220	1,465	765	565	320	250
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,560	615	1,945	785	230	550
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,025	845	180	240	180	60
3 Health occupations	1,675	330	1,345	415	40	375
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,990	615	1,370	680	230	450
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	315	105	205	190	85	100
6 Sales and service occupations	3,615	1,375	2,240	1,730	720	1,010
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,410	3,170	240	920	860	65
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	325	230	90	110	95	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,170	1,420	750	475	340	130
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	19,580	10,300	9,280	6,235	3,155	3,075
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	280	130	150	125	50	75
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	19,305	10,175	9,130	6,105	3,105	3,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	550	360	190	20	10	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	65	65	0	30	30	0
22 Utilities	155	120	35	145	115	25
23 Construction	1,505	1,290	215	415	385	25
31-33 Manufacturing	4,305	3,090	1,215	785	575	210
41 Wholesale trade	525	400	125	160	140	20
44-45 Retail trade	1,990	905	1,085	950	435	515
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	790	575	210	200	165	35
51 Information and cultural industries	170	80	90	110	40	75
52 Finance and insurance	640	220	415	155	55	100
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	200	110	90	110	40	70
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	910	505	410	400	190	205
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	0	0	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	640	365	275	265	130	135
61 Educational services	1,415	335	1,075	425	170	260
62 Health care and social assistance	2,340	435	1,905	735	75	670
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	380	170	210	125	65	60
72 Accommodation and food services	1,060	300	765	520	225	295
81 Other services (except public administration)	760	365	400	260	105	160
91 Public administration	880	475	410	300	165	135
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	18,670	9,865	8,810	5,810	2,930	2,880
Worked at home	1,160	590	570	410	190	220
Worked outside Canada	540	355	185	15	10	10
No fixed workplace address	1,760	1,330	430	695	475	220
Worked at usual place	15,215	7,580	7,630	4,690	2,255	2,440
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	15,215	7,580	7,635	4,690	2,255	2,440
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,525	1,605	1,925	1,980	935	1,040
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10,475	5,435	5,035	1,105	480	630
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,190	520	665	1,580	815	765
Commute to a different province or territory	25	20	0	25	20	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	16,970	8,910	8,065	5,380	2,730	2,655
Car, truck, van - as a driver	15,690	8,310	7,385	4,305	2,260	2,050
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	835	400	430	375	170	205
Public transit	55	25	35	165	45	120
Walked	240	95	145	440	205	240
Bicycle	65	55	10	15	20	0
Other method	85	35	55	75	35	35
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	16,975	8,910	8,060	5,385	2,725	2,655
Less than 15 minutes	3,595	1,590	2,005	2,285	1,035	1,250
15 to 29 minutes	7,345	4,030	3,310	1,315	635	675
30 to 44 minutes	5,080	2,810	2,265	820	465	355
45 to 59 minutes	700	310	395	365	190	170
60 minutes and over	255	170	85	605	400	205
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	16,975	8,915	8,060	5,385	2,730	2,660
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,440	945	500	580	380	195
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,740	2,595	1,140	980	590	390
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,435	2,215	2,220	1,085	540	545
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,915	1,045	1,865	1,005	365	645
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,340	490	850	570	210	355
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,105	1,620	1,485	1,170	640	525
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	21,010	10,995	10,010	6,650	3,395	3,255
Single responses	20,870	10,935	9,940	6,620	3,380	3,240
Official languages	20,840	10,905	9,935	6,610	3,375	3,230
English	20,455	10,845	9,615	6,590	3,375	3,220
French	385	65	320	15	10	10
Non-official languages	30	25	10	10	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	30	25	10	10	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	15	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	10	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	10	0	0	10	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	135	65	70	30	20	15
English and French	85	45	40	0	0	0
English and non-official language	50	15	30	25	10	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	21,005	10,995	10,015	6,650	3,400	3,250
None	20,020	10,630	9,390	6,510	3,335	3,175
English	190	50	145	15	0	10
French	565	185	380	95	40	55
Non-official language	225	125	100	30	15	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	225	125	100	30	20	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	36,045	18,135	17,910	12,250	5,870	6,380
Non-movers	32,990	16,495	16,490	10,715	5,140	5,580
Movers	3,060	1,640	1,420	1,535	735	805
Non-migrants	1,310	760	545	610	285	330
Migrants	1,750	880	865	920	445	475
Internal migrants	1,650	840	810	900	430	465
Intraprovincial migrants	1,525	775	750	795	385	410
Interprovincial migrants	125	70	60	100	45	55
External migrants	100	40	60	25	15	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	34,515	17,380	17,135	11,820	5,655	6,160
Non-movers	24,555	12,240	12,320	7,365	3,555	3,815
Movers	9,960	5,140	4,815	4,450	2,105	2,350
Non-migrants	4,690	2,470	2,220	1,710	825	890
Migrants	5,265	2,670	2,595	2,740	1,280	1,465
Internal migrants	4,930	2,525	2,410	2,630	1,240	1,385
Intraprovincial migrants	4,645	2,370	2,275	2,460	1,155	1,305
Interprovincial migrants	285	150	135	170	85	90
External migrants	335	145	185	110	40	75

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Lakeshore, T [Census subdivision], Ontario and Port Hope [Population centre], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 16, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lakeshore, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Port Hope [Population centre], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Lakeshore, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Port Hope [Population centre], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lakeshore, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Port Hope [Population centre], Ontario