Census Profile, 2016 Census
Zelma, Village [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan and Nova Scotia [Province]

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic Zelma, VL
Saskatchewan
[Census subdivision]
Nova Scotia

[Province]
Data quality , Zelma, Village [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan  Map : Zelma, Village [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan
Change geography 1
Data quality : Nova Scotia [Province]  Map : geography 2
Change geography 2
Total Male Female Total Male Female
Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1 35 ... ... 923,598 ... ...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1 35 ... ... 921,727 ... ...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016 0.0 ... ... 0.2 ... ...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2 15 ... ... 458,568 ... ...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3 14 ... ... 401,990 ... ...
Population density per square kilometre 48.9 ... ... 17.4 ... ...
Land area in square kilometres 0.72 ... ... 52,942.27 ... ...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4 x x x 923,600 446,885 476,715
0 to 14 years x x x 133,825 68,370 65,455
0 to 4 years x x x 42,005 21,365 20,640
5 to 9 years x x x 45,980 23,650 22,330
10 to 14 years x x x 45,845 23,350 22,490
15 to 64 years x x x 605,950 295,100 310,845
15 to 19 years x x x 51,255 26,240 25,015
20 to 24 years x x x 56,160 28,150 28,010
25 to 29 years x x x 53,725 26,790 26,940
30 to 34 years x x x 51,730 25,130 26,600
35 to 39 years x x x 52,010 24,560 27,450
40 to 44 years x x x 57,050 27,245 29,805
45 to 49 years x x x 61,890 29,720 32,170
50 to 54 years x x x 75,675 36,615 39,065
55 to 59 years x x x 76,505 36,925 39,580
60 to 64 years x x x 69,960 33,735 36,225
65 years and over x x x 183,820 83,415 100,405
65 to 69 years x x x 63,710 30,810 32,905
70 to 74 years x x x 45,005 21,520 23,485
75 to 79 years x x x 31,545 14,520 17,030
80 to 84 years x x x 21,915 9,425 12,495
85 years and over x x x 21,645 7,140 14,505
85 to 89 years x x x 13,205 4,845 8,360
90 to 94 years x x x 6,320 1,830 4,485
95 to 99 years x x x 1,855 415 1,430
100 years and over x x x 270 45 225
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data x x x 100.0 100.0 100.0
0 to 14 years x x x 14.5 15.3 13.7
15 to 64 years x x x 65.6 66.0 65.2
65 years and over x x x 19.9 18.7 21.1
85 years and over x x x 2.3 1.6 3.0
Average age of the population x x x 43.5 42.5 44.4
Median age of the population x x x 45.5 44.5 46.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5 x ... ... 401,990 ... ...
Single-detached house x ... ... 263,470 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys x ... ... 21,350 ... ...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6 x ... ... 102,300 ... ...
Semi-detached house x ... ... 20,465 ... ...
Row house x ... ... 10,215 ... ...
Apartment or flat in a duplex x ... ... 12,435 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys x ... ... 58,405 ... ...
Other single-attached house x ... ... 780 ... ...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7 x ... ... 14,870 ... ...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8 x ... ... 401,990 ... ...
1 person x ... ... 118,670 ... ...
2 persons x ... ... 156,825 ... ...
3 persons x ... ... 60,250 ... ...
4 persons x ... ... 44,970 ... ...
5 or more persons x ... ... 21,275 ... ...
Number of persons in private households x ... ... 908,340 ... ...
Average household size x ... ... 2.3 ... ...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9 x x x 789,770 378,515 411,255
Married or living common law x x x 454,970 227,220 227,750
Married x x x 369,695 184,705 184,990
Living common law x x x 85,275 42,515 42,760
Not married and not living common law x x x 334,800 151,295 183,505
Never married x x x 209,455 110,175 99,280
Separated x x x 24,105 10,450 13,655
Divorced x x x 48,835 19,715 29,115
Widowed x x x 52,405 10,955 41,455
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10 x ... ... 270,965 ... ...
2 persons x ... ... 157,600 ... ...
3 persons x ... ... 56,625 ... ...
4 persons x ... ... 41,095 ... ...
5 or more persons x ... ... 15,645 ... ...
Average size of census families x ... ... 2.7 ... ...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11 x ... ... 270,965 ... ...
Total couple families x ... ... 224,065 ... ...
Married couples x ... ... 181,435 ... ...
Common-law couples x ... ... 42,630 ... ...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent x ... ... 46,900 ... ...
Female parent x ... ... 37,595 ... ...
Male parent x ... ... 9,305 ... ...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data x ... ... 224,065 ... ...
Couples without children x ... ... 128,125 ... ...
Couples with children x ... ... 95,940 ... ...
1 child x ... ... 43,810 ... ...
2 children x ... ... 37,595 ... ...
3 or more children x ... ... 14,535 ... ...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data x ... ... 46,900 ... ...
1 child x ... ... 29,480 ... ...
2 children x ... ... 12,810 ... ...
3 or more children x ... ... 4,610 ... ...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data x x x 175,575 81,140 94,435
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12 x ... ... 401,990 ... ...
One-census-family households x ... ... 260,280 ... ...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13 x ... ... 124,000 ... ...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14 x ... ... 136,280 ... ...
Multiple-census-family households x ... ... 5,285 ... ...
Non-census-family households x ... ... 136,425 ... ...
One-person households x ... ... 118,675 ... ...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households x ... ... 17,750 ... ...
Knowledge of official languagesThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15 x x x 912,300 442,470 469,830
English only x x x 813,480 398,950 414,530
French only x x x 705 305 400
English and French x x x 95,380 41,925 53,460
Neither English nor French x x x 2,735 1,295 1,440
First official language spokenThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16 x x x 912,295 442,470 469,830
English x x x 879,465 426,535 452,930
French x x x 28,490 13,890 14,600
English and French x x x 1,760 825 930
Neither English nor French x x x 2,585 1,215 1,365
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17 x x x 29,370 14,300 15,070
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17 x x x 3.2 3.2 3.2
Mother tongueThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18 x x x 912,295 442,470 469,830
Single responses x x x 904,240 438,550 465,690
Official languages x x x 859,690 416,245 443,445
English x x x 830,220 401,980 428,240
French x x x 29,465 14,265 15,205
Non-official languages x x x 44,550 22,305 22,245
Aboriginal languages x x x 4,290 2,020 2,270
Algonquian languages x x x 4,210 1,985 2,225
Blackfoot x x x 0 0 0
Cree-Montagnais languages x x x 15 10 5
Atikamekw x x x 0 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) x x x 0 0 0
Moose Cree x x x 0 0 0
Naskapi x x x 0 0 0
Northern East Cree x x x 0 0 0
Plains Cree x x x 5 0 0
Southern East Cree x x x 0 0 0
Swampy Cree x x x 5 5 0
Woods Cree x x x 0 0 0
Cree, n.o.s. x x x 5 5 0
Eastern Algonquian languages x x x 4,190 1,975 2,215
Malecite x x x 10 5 5
Mi'kmaq x x x 4,185 1,970 2,215
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages x x x 10 5 5
Algonquin x x x 0 0 0
Ojibway x x x 10 0 10
Oji-Cree x x x 0 0 0
Ottawa (Odawa) x x x 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages x x x 5 5 0
Northern Athabaskan languages x x x 5 0 0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) x x x 0 0 0
Beaver x x x 0 0 0
Carrier x x x 0 0 0
Chilcotin x x x 0 0 0
Dene x x x 5 5 5
Dogrib (Tlicho) x x x 0 0 0
Gwich'in x x x 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) x x x 0 0 0
Sekani x x x 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages x x x 0 0 0
North Slavey (Hare) x x x 0 0 0
South Slavey x x x 5 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. x x x 0 0 0
Tahltan languages x x x 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) x x x 0 0 0
Tahltan x x x 0 0 0
Tutchone languages x x x 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone x x x 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone x x x 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Haida x x x 0 0 0
Inuit languages x x x 60 30 35
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) x x x 0 0 5
Inuktitut x x x 55 30 30
Inuit languages, n.i.e. x x x 10 0 5
Iroquoian languages x x x 0 0 0
Cayuga x x x 0 0 0
Mohawk x x x 0 0 0
Oneida x x x 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Kutenai x x x 0 0 0
Michif x x x 5 0 0
Salish languages x x x 0 0 0
Comox x x x 0 0 0
Halkomelem x x x 0 0 0
Lillooet x x x 0 0 0
Okanagan x x x 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) x x x 0 0 0
Squamish x x x 0 0 0
Straits x x x 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) x x x 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Siouan languages x x x 0 0 0
Dakota x x x 0 0 0
Stoney x x x 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Tlingit x x x 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages x x x 0 0 0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) x x x 0 0 0
Nisga'a x x x 0 0 0
Tsimshian x x x 0 0 0
Wakashan languages x x x 0 0 0
Haisla x x x 0 0 0
Heiltsuk x x x 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) x x x 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) x x x 0 0 5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. x x x 5 0 0
Non-Aboriginal languages x x x 40,260 20,285 19,975
Afro-Asiatic languages x x x 7,760 4,275 3,480
Berber languages x x x 10 10 0
Kabyle x x x 5 0 0
Berber languages, n.i.e. x x x 5 5 0
Cushitic languages x x x 130 65 65
Bilen x x x 5 0 0
Oromo x x x 60 30 25
Somali x x x 50 20 30
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. x x x 15 5 5
Semitic languages x x x 7,615 4,205 3,415
Amharic x x x 115 50 65
Arabic x x x 7,110 3,950 3,165
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic x x x 5 5 5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic x x x 0 0 5
Harari x x x 0 0 0
Hebrew x x x 210 115 95
Maltese x x x 15 10 5
Tigrigna x x x 140 65 80
Semitic languages, n.i.e. x x x 10 5 10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. x x x 5 0 5
Austro-Asiatic languages x x x 505 245 260
Khmer (Cambodian) x x x 5 5 5
Vietnamese x x x 490 240 250
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e x x x 0 0 0
Austronesian languages x x x 2,235 940 1,300
Bikol x x x 5 5 5
Cebuano x x x 150 60 90
Fijian x x x 0 0 0
Hiligaynon x x x 25 10 15
Ilocano x x x 55 15 40
Malagasy x x x 0 5 0
Malay x x x 55 25 35
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) x x x 15 5 5
Pangasinan x x x 5 0 0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) x x x 1,905 810 1,090
Waray-Waray x x x 5 0 5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. x x x 20 10 15
Creole languages x x x 95 60 35
Haitian Creole x x x 5 5 0
Creole, n.o.s. x x x 35 20 10
Creole languages, n.i.e. x x x 55 35 20
Dravidian languages x x x 1,010 595 420
Kannada x x x 40 20 15
Malayalam x x x 365 205 165
Tamil x x x 315 185 130
Telugu x x x 285 180 110
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. x x x 10 5 5
Hmong-Mien languages x x x 0 0 0
Indo-European languages x x x 18,590 9,320 9,270
Albanian x x x 275 130 140
Armenian x x x 35 30 10
Balto-Slavic languages x x x 3,470 1,645 1,830
Baltic languages x x x 100 35 60
Latvian x x x 50 20 30
Lithuanian x x x 45 15 30
Slavic languages x x x 3,375 1,610 1,765
Belarusan x x x 5 5 5
Bosnian x x x 120 60 65
Bulgarian x x x 55 25 30
Croatian x x x 225 105 115
Czech x x x 205 105 100
Macedonian x x x 20 10 15
Polish x x x 795 365 435
Russian x x x 1,285 615 670
Serbian x x x 115 60 65
Serbo-Croatian x x x 80 40 40
Slovak x x x 100 45 55
Slovene (Slovenian) x x x 35 15 15
Ukrainian x x x 320 155 170
Slavic languages, n.i.e. x x x 5 5 5
Celtic languages x x x 185 80 100
Scottish Gaelic x x x 145 65 85
Welsh x x x 30 10 15
Celtic languages, n.i.e. x x x 10 5 5
Germanic languages x x x 5,700 2,800 2,900
Afrikaans x x x 120 55 60
Danish x x x 160 105 60
Dutch x x x 1,620 815 805
Frisian x x x 35 20 15
German x x x 3,435 1,645 1,790
Icelandic x x x 45 20 20
Norwegian x x x 110 60 50
Swedish x x x 110 45 65
Vlaams (Flemish) x x x 25 10 10
Yiddish x x x 20 10 5
Germanic languages, n.i.e. x x x 20 5 15
Greek x x x 760 390 365
Indo-Iranian languages x x x 4,835 2,650 2,190
Indo-Aryan languages x x x 3,385 1,895 1,490
Bengali x x x 475 290 185
Gujarati x x x 195 125 70
Hindi x x x 745 445 300
Kashmiri x x x 10 5 5
Konkani x x x 5 5 5
Marathi x x x 70 35 35
Nepali x x x 530 255 275
Oriya (Odia) x x x 10 5 5
Punjabi (Panjabi) x x x 585 310 270
Sindhi x x x 20 10 5
Sinhala (Sinhalese) x x x 165 85 85
Urdu x x x 575 330 245
Iranian languages x x x 1,425 740 690
Kurdish x x x 115 65 50
Pashto x x x 80 45 35
Persian (Farsi) x x x 1,230 630 605
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. x x x 25 10 15
Italic (Romance) languages x x x 3,335 1,605 1,730
Catalan x x x 10 5 5
Italian x x x 745 400 340
Portuguese x x x 520 245 270
Romanian x x x 225 110 120
Spanish x x x 1,830 840 985
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 5 0
Japanese x x x 360 100 260
Kartvelian languages x x x 0 0 0
Georgian x x x 5 0 0
Korean x x x 1,095 475 620
Mongolic languages x x x 5 5 5
Mongolian x x x 0 5 0
Niger-Congo languages x x x 630 325 305
Akan (Twi) x x x 40 25 25
Bamanankan x x x 15 5 5
Edo x x x 5 0 5
Ewe x x x 40 25 10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) x x x 5 5 0
Ga x x x 10 5 5
Ganda x x x 20 5 15
Igbo x x x 45 20 20
Lingala x x x 5 0 5
Rundi (Kirundi) x x x 20 10 5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) x x x 50 15 30
Shona x x x 30 15 15
Swahili x x x 135 65 70
Wolof x x x 10 10 0
Yoruba x x x 65 35 30
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. x x x 140 75 70
Nilo-Saharan languages x x x 75 40 40
Dinka x x x 20 10 10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. x x x 55 25 25
Sign languages x x x 190 90 100
American Sign Language x x x 85 40 50
Quebec Sign Language x x x 0 0 0
Sign languages, n.i.e x x x 105 50 55
Sino-Tibetan languages x x x 6,665 3,335 3,330
Chinese languages x x x 6,635 3,320 3,315
Cantonese x x x 1,145 535 610
Hakka x x x 20 5 15
Mandarin x x x 4,640 2,325 2,315
Min Dong x x x 0 0 0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) x x x 120 50 70
Wu (Shanghainese) x x x 50 30 20
Chinese, n.o.s. x x x 645 365 280
Chinese languages, n.i.e. x x x 15 5 10
Tibeto-Burman languages x x x 30 15 20
Burmese x x x 15 5 10
Karenic languages x x x 0 0 0
Tibetan x x x 5 0 5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. x x x 5 5 5
Tai-Kadai languages x x x 155 55 100
Lao x x x 10 0 5
Thai x x x 150 50 100
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e x x x 0 0 0
Turkic languages x x x 445 240 205
Azerbaijani x x x 10 10 5
Turkish x x x 305 165 140
Uyghur x x x 5 5 5
Uzbek x x x 110 60 50
Turkic languages, n.i.e. x x x 10 10 0
Uralic languages x x x 415 180 235
Estonian x x x 40 20 25
Finnish x x x 95 30 60
Hungarian x x x 275 130 150
Uralic languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. x x x 25 10 15
Multiple responses x x x 8,060 3,920 4,140
English and French x x x 3,445 1,600 1,850
English and non-official language x x x 4,180 2,110 2,070
French and non-official language x x x 225 115 105
English, French and non-official language x x x 210 90 120
Language spoken most often at homeThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19 x x x 912,300 442,470 469,830
Single responses x x x 900,755 436,755 464,000
Official languages x x x 878,015 425,220 452,795
English x x x 863,550 418,315 445,240
French x x x 14,460 6,910 7,560
Non-official languages x x x 22,740 11,540 11,205
Aboriginal languages x x x 2,570 1,285 1,295
Algonquian languages x x x 2,565 1,280 1,285
Blackfoot x x x 0 0 0
Cree-Montagnais languages x x x 0 0 0
Atikamekw x x x 0 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) x x x 0 0 0
Moose Cree x x x 0 0 0
Naskapi x x x 0 0 0
Northern East Cree x x x 0 0 0
Plains Cree x x x 0 0 0
Southern East Cree x x x 0 0 0
Swampy Cree x x x 0 0 0
Woods Cree x x x 0 0 0
Cree, n.o.s. x x x 0 0 0
Eastern Algonquian languages x x x 2,560 1,280 1,280
Malecite x x x 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq x x x 2,560 1,275 1,280
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages x x x 0 0 0
Algonquin x x x 0 0 0
Ojibway x x x 5 0 0
Oji-Cree x x x 0 0 0
Ottawa (Odawa) x x x 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages x x x 0 0 0
Northern Athabaskan languages x x x 0 0 0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) x x x 0 0 0
Beaver x x x 0 0 0
Carrier x x x 0 0 0
Chilcotin x x x 0 0 0
Dene x x x 0 0 0
Dogrib (Tlicho) x x x 0 0 0
Gwich'in x x x 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) x x x 0 0 0
Sekani x x x 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages x x x 0 0 0
North Slavey (Hare) x x x 0 0 0
South Slavey x x x 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. x x x 0 0 0
Tahltan languages x x x 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) x x x 0 0 0
Tahltan x x x 0 0 0
Tutchone languages x x x 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone x x x 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone x x x 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Haida x x x 0 0 0
Inuit languages x x x 5 0 5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) x x x 0 0 0
Inuktitut x x x 5 0 0
Inuit languages, n.i.e. x x x 5 0 0
Iroquoian languages x x x 0 0 0
Cayuga x x x 0 0 0
Mohawk x x x 0 0 0
Oneida x x x 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Kutenai x x x 0 0 0
Michif x x x 5 0 5
Salish languages x x x 0 0 0
Comox x x x 0 0 0
Halkomelem x x x 0 0 0
Lillooet x x x 0 0 0
Okanagan x x x 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) x x x 0 0 0
Squamish x x x 0 0 0
Straits x x x 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) x x x 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Siouan languages x x x 0 0 0
Dakota x x x 0 0 0
Stoney x x x 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Tlingit x x x 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages x x x 0 0 0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) x x x 0 0 0
Nisga'a x x x 0 0 0
Tsimshian x x x 0 0 0
Wakashan languages x x x 0 0 0
Haisla x x x 0 0 0
Heiltsuk x x x 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) x x x 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) x x x 0 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. x x x 5 0 0
Non-Aboriginal languages x x x 20,170 10,255 9,915
Afro-Asiatic languages x x x 4,630 2,450 2,180
Berber languages x x x 0 0 0
Kabyle x x x 0 0 0
Berber languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Cushitic languages x x x 85 40 45
Bilen x x x 5 0 5
Oromo x x x 45 20 25
Somali x x x 25 10 15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. x x x 10 10 5
Semitic languages x x x 4,540 2,405 2,130
Amharic x x x 55 25 30
Arabic x x x 4,260 2,270 1,990
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic x x x 0 5 0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic x x x 0 0 0
Harari x x x 5 0 0
Hebrew x x x 125 70 55
Maltese x x x 0 0 0
Tigrigna x x x 95 40 55
Semitic languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Austro-Asiatic languages x x x 330 160 165
Khmer (Cambodian) x x x 0 0 0
Vietnamese x x x 330 165 170
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e x x x 0 0 0
Austronesian languages x x x 1,140 550 585
Bikol x x x 0 0 0
Cebuano x x x 55 20 35
Fijian x x x 0 0 0
Hiligaynon x x x 5 5 5
Ilocano x x x 15 5 5
Malagasy x x x 0 0 0
Malay x x x 0 0 5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) x x x 0 0 0
Pangasinan x x x 0 0 0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) x x x 1,065 520 545
Waray-Waray x x x 0 0 0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Creole languages x x x 35 20 20
Haitian Creole x x x 0 0 0
Creole, n.o.s. x x x 15 5 5
Creole languages, n.i.e. x x x 25 10 15
Dravidian languages x x x 425 240 185
Kannada x x x 15 5 10
Malayalam x x x 140 75 60
Tamil x x x 140 80 60
Telugu x x x 125 80 50
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. x x x 5 5 5
Hmong-Mien languages x x x 0 0 0
Indo-European languages x x x 7,410 3,715 3,690
Albanian x x x 110 60 55
Armenian x x x 15 10 10
Balto-Slavic languages x x x 1,405 680 720
Baltic languages x x x 30 10 15
Latvian x x x 10 5 10
Lithuanian x x x 15 5 10
Slavic languages x x x 1,375 675 700
Belarusan x x x 0 0 0
Bosnian x x x 65 30 30
Bulgarian x x x 25 15 10
Croatian x x x 65 25 40
Czech x x x 45 25 20
Macedonian x x x 0 0 0
Polish x x x 235 105 125
Russian x x x 785 385 390
Serbian x x x 60 25 35
Serbo-Croatian x x x 30 15 10
Slovak x x x 20 10 15
Slovene (Slovenian) x x x 0 0 0
Ukrainian x x x 55 30 20
Slavic languages, n.i.e. x x x 5 5 0
Celtic languages x x x 60 35 30
Scottish Gaelic x x x 60 35 30
Welsh x x x 0 0 0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. x x x 5 0 0
Germanic languages x x x 1,490 725 760
Afrikaans x x x 30 15 15
Danish x x x 15 0 15
Dutch x x x 135 70 70
Frisian x x x 5 0 0
German x x x 1,225 600 625
Icelandic x x x 30 10 15
Norwegian x x x 20 5 10
Swedish x x x 15 5 5
Vlaams (Flemish) x x x 5 5 5
Yiddish x x x 5 0 0
Germanic languages, n.i.e. x x x 15 5 10
Greek x x x 270 135 130
Indo-Iranian languages x x x 2,815 1,475 1,335
Indo-Aryan languages x x x 1,850 995 860
Bengali x x x 250 135 115
Gujarati x x x 100 60 35
Hindi x x x 310 190 120
Kashmiri x x x 5 5 0
Konkani x x x 0 0 0
Marathi x x x 30 15 15
Nepali x x x 475 235 240
Oriya (Odia) x x x 0 0 0
Punjabi (Panjabi) x x x 250 125 125
Sindhi x x x 5 5 0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) x x x 95 45 50
Urdu x x x 340 175 165
Iranian languages x x x 960 475 480
Kurdish x x x 85 50 40
Pashto x x x 45 20 20
Persian (Farsi) x x x 825 405 420
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 5 0
Italic (Romance) languages x x x 1,240 595 645
Catalan x x x 5 0 0
Italian x x x 165 70 85
Portuguese x x x 195 90 105
Romanian x x x 70 35 35
Spanish x x x 810 390 420
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. x x x 5 0 0
Japanese x x x 110 35 70
Kartvelian languages x x x 0 0 0
Georgian x x x 0 0 0
Korean x x x 710 330 385
Mongolic languages x x x 0 0 0
Mongolian x x x 0 0 0
Niger-Congo languages x x x 165 80 85
Akan (Twi) x x x 10 0 10
Bamanankan x x x 0 0 0
Edo x x x 0 0 0
Ewe x x x 15 5 5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) x x x 0 0 0
Ga x x x 5 0 0
Ganda x x x 5 0 5
Igbo x x x 15 5 5
Lingala x x x 0 5 0
Rundi (Kirundi) x x x 10 5 5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) x x x 15 10 10
Shona x x x 0 0 0
Swahili x x x 60 30 35
Wolof x x x 0 0 0
Yoruba x x x 20 10 10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. x x x 10 5 5
Nilo-Saharan languages x x x 35 20 20
Dinka x x x 10 5 10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. x x x 25 10 15
Sign languages x x x 285 145 140
American Sign Language x x x 110 55 60
Quebec Sign Language x x x 0 0 0
Sign languages, n.i.e x x x 175 90 80
Sino-Tibetan languages x x x 4,550 2,345 2,200
Chinese languages x x x 4,545 2,345 2,200
Cantonese x x x 640 335 310
Hakka x x x 5 0 0
Mandarin x x x 3,410 1,740 1,675
Min Dong x x x 0 0 0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) x x x 45 25 25
Wu (Shanghainese) x x x 25 10 10
Chinese, n.o.s. x x x 415 235 180
Chinese languages, n.i.e. x x x 5 5 0
Tibeto-Burman languages x x x 5 0 5
Burmese x x x 0 0 0
Karenic languages x x x 0 0 0
Tibetan x x x 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. x x x 5 0 5
Tai-Kadai languages x x x 55 20 35
Lao x x x 0 0 0
Thai x x x 55 15 35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e x x x 0 0 0
Turkic languages x x x 215 110 105
Azerbaijani x x x 5 5 0
Turkish x x x 140 70 75
Uyghur x x x 0 0 0
Uzbek x x x 70 40 30
Turkic languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 5 0
Uralic languages x x x 75 35 40
Estonian x x x 5 5 5
Finnish x x x 15 10 5
Hungarian x x x 55 25 30
Uralic languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. x x x 5 0 0
Multiple responses x x x 11,540 5,715 5,825
English and French x x x 2,180 995 1,185
English and non-official language x x x 8,970 4,515 4,450
French and non-official language x x x 75 40 30
English, French and non-official language x x x 315 155 160
Other language spoken regularly at homeThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20 x x x 912,295 442,470 469,825
None x x x 861,780 418,525 443,260
English x x x 17,005 8,480 8,525
French x x x 16,390 7,210 9,175
Non-official language x x x 16,275 7,850 8,420
Aboriginal x x x 2,135 930 1,205
Non-Aboriginal x x x 14,135 6,920 7,220
English and French x x x 150 70 80
English and non-official language x x x 220 105 115
French and non-official language x x x 470 230 245
English, French and non-official language x x x 5 5 0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21 x x x 774,750 372,455 402,290
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data x x x 744,260 358,055 386,205
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($) x x x 31,813 38,379 26,750
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data x x x 744,545 358,085 386,455
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) x x x 28,627 33,642 24,590
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data x x x 648,960 320,380 328,580
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($) x x x 29,938 36,363 24,497
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data x x x 554,985 243,860 311,130
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) x x x 7,438 8,175 6,961
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data x x x 523,020 264,375 258,645
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) x x x 29,979 35,676 25,405
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22 x x x 774,750 372,455 402,295
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data x x x 744,275 357,820 386,455
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($) x x x 41,479 49,413 34,132
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data x x x 744,560 357,855 386,710
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) x x x 34,175 39,776 28,993
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data x x x 648,910 320,370 328,540
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($) x x x 40,299 48,457 32,345
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data x x x 555,740 243,445 312,295
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) x x x 8,495 8,859 8,211
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data x x x 523,020 264,475 258,545
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) x x x 39,522 46,606 32,275
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23 x x x 774,750 372,455 402,295
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24 x x x 245,425 131,095 114,325
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25 x x x 47,665 53,785 42,236
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26 x x x 56,820 63,886 48,717
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27 x x x 100.0 100.0 100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28 x x x 84.6 87.7 80.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29 x x x 66.9 69.7 63.3
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30 x x x 15.4 12.3 19.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31 x x x 774,750 372,455 402,295
Without total income x x x 30,485 14,395 16,090
With total income x x x 744,265 358,060 386,205
Percentage with total income x x x 96.1 96.1 96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss) x x x 104,125 43,575 60,545
$10,000 to $19,999 x x x 134,355 50,310 84,050
$20,000 to $29,999 x x x 114,855 47,195 67,660
$30,000 to $39,999 x x x 98,325 45,040 53,280
$40,000 to $49,999 x x x 79,435 39,605 39,830
$50,000 to $59,999 x x x 57,255 32,255 25,000
$60,000 to $69,999 x x x 41,715 25,830 15,885
$70,000 to $79,999 x x x 33,195 19,945 13,250
$80,000 to $89,999 x x x 25,500 14,900 10,605
$90,000 to $99,999 x x x 15,530 10,095 5,435
$100,000 and over x x x 39,965 29,300 10,665
$100,000 to $149,999 x x x 28,130 20,205 7,925
$150,000 and over x x x 11,835 9,095 2,745
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32 x x x 774,750 372,455 402,295
Without after-tax income x x x 30,205 14,370 15,840
With after-tax income x x x 744,540 358,085 386,455
Percentage with after-tax income x x x 96.1 96.1 96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss) x x x 108,630 44,435 64,195
$10,000 to $19,999 x x x 142,975 54,160 88,815
$20,000 to $29,999 x x x 138,435 58,900 79,535
$30,000 to $39,999 x x x 119,130 56,990 62,145
$40,000 to $49,999 x x x 84,245 46,675 37,565
$50,000 to $59,999 x x x 56,235 34,590 21,645
$60,000 to $69,999 x x x 39,320 23,195 16,125
$70,000 to $79,999 x x x 21,210 13,950 7,260
$80,000 and over x x x 34,360 25,185 9,170
$80,000 to $89,999 x x x 11,615 8,185 3,430
$90,000 to $99,999 x x x 6,825 4,950 1,875
$100,000 and over x x x 15,915 12,050 3,860
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33 x x x 774,745 372,455 402,295
Without employment income x x x 251,730 108,080 143,650
With employment income x x x 523,020 264,370 258,640
Percentage with employment income x x x 67.5 71.0 64.3
Under $5,000 (including loss) x x x 72,940 34,125 38,820
$5,000 to $9,999 x x x 45,820 19,475 26,350
$10,000 to $19,999 x x x 76,685 33,555 43,130
$20,000 to $29,999 x x x 66,155 29,385 36,770
$30,000 to $39,999 x x x 60,485 27,455 33,035
$40,000 to $49,999 x x x 49,395 24,470 24,925
$50,000 to $59,999 x x x 37,685 21,735 15,955
$60,000 to $69,999 x x x 28,695 17,955 10,740
$70,000 to $79,999 x x x 24,970 14,750 10,220
$80,000 and over x x x 60,175 41,470 18,705
$80,000 to $89,999 x x x 20,175 11,645 8,535
$90,000 to $99,999 x x x 11,685 7,975 3,715
$100,000 and over x x x 28,310 21,850 6,460
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34 x ... ... 401,990 ... ...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($) x ... ... 60,764 ... ...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($) x ... ... 53,129 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data x ... ... 118,670 ... ...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($) x ... ... 30,377 ... ...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($) x ... ... 27,511 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data x ... ... 283,320 ... ...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) x ... ... 77,136 ... ...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) x ... ... 66,538 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35 x ... ... 401,990 ... ...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($) x ... ... 76,797 ... ...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($) x ... ... 63,299 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data x ... ... 118,705 ... ...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($) x ... ... 39,601 ... ...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($) x ... ... 32,962 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data x ... ... 283,285 ... ...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) x ... ... 92,383 ... ...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) x ... ... 76,011 ... ...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36 x ... ... 401,990 ... ...
Under $5,000 x ... ... 6,830 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 x ... ... 7,755 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 x ... ... 12,330 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 x ... ... 20,155 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 x ... ... 20,210 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 x ... ... 18,700 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 x ... ... 21,645 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 x ... ... 19,995 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 x ... ... 19,285 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 x ... ... 18,235 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 x ... ... 33,450 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 x ... ... 30,470 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 x ... ... 27,755 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 x ... ... 24,340 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 x ... ... 20,240 ... ...
$100,000 and over x ... ... 100,600 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 x ... ... 38,090 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 x ... ... 24,330 ... ...
$150,000 to $199,999 x ... ... 23,445 ... ...
$200,000 and over x ... ... 14,730 ... ...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32 x ... ... 401,990 ... ...
Under $5,000 x ... ... 7,145 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 x ... ... 7,885 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 x ... ... 12,545 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 x ... ... 21,370 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 x ... ... 23,030 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 x ... ... 22,365 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 x ... ... 25,495 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 x ... ... 23,945 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 x ... ... 22,630 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 x ... ... 21,635 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 x ... ... 40,585 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 x ... ... 35,920 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 x ... ... 29,795 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 x ... ... 24,160 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 x ... ... 19,275 ... ...
$100,000 and over x ... ... 64,210 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 x ... ... 31,985 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 x ... ... 15,940 ... ...
$150,000 and over x ... ... 16,280 ... ...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37 x ... ... 269,560 ... ...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($) x ... ... 77,529 ... ...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($) x ... ... 66,728 ... ...
Average family size of economic families x ... ... 2.8 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data x ... ... 121,200 ... ...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) x ... ... 71,495 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) x ... ... 61,883 ... ...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives x ... ... 2.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data x ... ... 97,460 ... ...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) x ... ... 104,981 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) x ... ... 88,099 ... ...
Average family size of couple economic families with children x ... ... 3.8 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data x ... ... 43,560 ... ...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) x ... ... 45,597 ... ...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) x ... ... 42,309 ... ...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families x ... ... 2.6 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38 x ... ... 269,510 ... ...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($) x ... ... 93,027 ... ...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($) x ... ... 76,371 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data x ... ... 121,285 ... ...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) x ... ... 85,511 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) x ... ... 70,143 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data x ... ... 97,490 ... ...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) x ... ... 119,890 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) x ... ... 97,021 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data x ... ... 43,470 ... ...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) x ... ... 54,587 ... ...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) x ... ... 47,700 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21 x x x 157,715 73,825 83,890
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39 x x x 28,180 30,235 26,673
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39 x x x 25,848 27,176 24,859
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40 x x x 157,410 73,440 83,970
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41 x x x 36,847 38,945 35,012
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41 x x x 30,893 31,946 29,973
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42 x x x 908,340 440,700 467,640
In the bottom half of the distribution x x x 519,830 244,725 275,105
In the bottom decile x x x 105,810 49,730 56,080
In the second decile x x x 112,825 49,900 62,920
In the third decile x x x 102,515 48,345 54,175
In the fourth decile x x x 100,645 48,515 52,130
In the fifth decile x x x 98,030 48,235 49,800
In the top half of the distribution x x x 388,510 195,975 192,540
In the sixth decile x x x 94,350 47,240 47,110
In the seventh decile x x x 89,765 45,260 44,505
In the eighth decile x x x 83,140 41,815 41,330
In the ninth decile x x x 69,850 35,450 34,400
In the top decile x x x 51,410 26,210 25,195
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43 x x x 898,345 435,895 462,450
0 to 17 years x x x 159,820 81,670 78,150
0 to 5 years x x x 49,595 25,280 24,310
18 to 64 years x x x 565,395 274,120 291,275
65 years and over x x x 173,125 80,100 93,025
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) x x x 154,955 70,415 84,540
0 to 17 years x x x 35,525 18,145 17,380
0 to 5 years x x x 12,740 6,470 6,275
18 to 64 years x x x 88,355 40,375 47,985
65 years and over x x x 31,075 11,890 19,185
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%) x x x 17.2 16.2 18.3
0 to 17 years (%) x x x 22.2 22.2 22.2
0 to 5 years (%) x x x 25.7 25.6 25.8
18 to 64 years (%) x x x 15.6 14.7 16.5
65 years and over (%) x x x 17.9 14.8 20.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) x x x 70,745 34,290 36,460
0 to 17 years x x x 15,285 7,805 7,485
0 to 5 years x x x 5,645 2,870 2,775
18 to 64 years x x x 52,220 25,185 27,030
65 years and over x x x 3,240 1,295 1,945
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%) x x x 7.9 7.9 7.9
0 to 17 years (%) x x x 9.6 9.6 9.6
0 to 5 years (%) x x x 11.4 11.4 11.4
18 to 64 years (%) x x x 9.2 9.2 9.3
65 years and over (%) x x x 1.9 1.6 2.1
Knowledge of languagesThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44 x x x 908,340 440,730 467,605
Official languages x x x 905,700 439,525 466,180
English x x x 905,020 439,215 465,805
French x x x 95,740 42,150 53,585
Non-official languages x x x 64,100 31,380 32,725
Aboriginal languages x x x 5,645 2,685 2,960
Algonquian languages x x x 5,575 2,635 2,935
Blackfoot x x x 0 0 0
Cree-Montagnais languages x x x 20 15 10
Atikamekw x x x 0 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) x x x 0 0 0
Moose Cree x x x 0 0 0
Naskapi x x x 0 0 0
Northern East Cree x x x 0 0 0
Plains Cree x x x 0 0 0
Southern East Cree x x x 0 0 0
Swampy Cree x x x 10 0 0
Woods Cree x x x 0 0 0
Cree, n.o.s. x x x 10 10 0
Eastern Algonquian languages x x x 5,550 2,625 2,920
Malecite x x x 10 0 10
Mi'kmaq x x x 5,540 2,625 2,920
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages x x x 10 0 10
Algonquin x x x 0 0 0
Ojibway x x x 10 0 10
Oji-Cree x x x 0 0 0
Ottawa (Odawa) x x x 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages x x x 15 15 10
Northern Athabaskan languages x x x 10 10 0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) x x x 0 0 0
Beaver x x x 0 0 0
Carrier x x x 0 0 0
Chilcotin x x x 0 0 0
Dene x x x 0 10 0
Dogrib (Tlicho) x x x 0 0 0
Gwich'in x x x 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) x x x 0 0 0
Sekani x x x 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages x x x 0 0 10
North Slavey (Hare) x x x 0 0 0
South Slavey x x x 0 0 10
Slavey, n.o.s. x x x 0 0 0
Tahltan languages x x x 0 10 0
Kaska (Nahani) x x x 0 0 0
Tahltan x x x 10 10 0
Tutchone languages x x x 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone x x x 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone x x x 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Haida x x x 0 0 0
Inuit languages x x x 35 25 15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) x x x 0 0 0
Inuktitut x x x 30 15 10
Inuit languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 10 0
Iroquoian languages x x x 10 10 0
Cayuga x x x 0 0 0
Mohawk x x x 10 10 0
Oneida x x x 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Kutenai x x x 0 0 0
Michif x x x 10 0 10
Salish languages x x x 10 0 0
Comox x x x 0 0 0
Halkomelem x x x 0 0 0
Lillooet x x x 0 0 0
Okanagan x x x 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) x x x 0 0 0
Squamish x x x 0 0 0
Straits x x x 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) x x x 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. x x x 10 10 0
Siouan languages x x x 0 0 0
Dakota x x x 0 0 0
Stoney x x x 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Tlingit x x x 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages x x x 0 0 0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) x x x 0 0 0
Nisga'a x x x 0 0 0
Tsimshian x x x 0 0 0
Wakashan languages x x x 0 0 0
Haisla x x x 0 0 0
Heiltsuk x x x 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) x x x 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) x x x 0 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. x x x 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal languages x x x 58,490 28,715 29,770
Afro-Asiatic languages x x x 10,730 5,745 4,985
Berber languages x x x 25 15 15
Kabyle x x x 25 15 15
Berber languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Cushitic languages x x x 155 65 95
Bilen x x x 20 15 10
Oromo x x x 40 15 20
Somali x x x 75 25 55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. x x x 20 10 10
Semitic languages x x x 10,635 5,715 4,925
Amharic x x x 260 135 120
Arabic x x x 9,685 5,185 4,500
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic x x x 10 10 0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic x x x 0 0 0
Harari x x x 0 0 0
Hebrew x x x 630 370 260
Maltese x x x 25 0 25
Tigrigna x x x 140 65 70
Semitic languages, n.i.e. x x x 40 20 20
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. x x x 15 10 0
Austro-Asiatic languages x x x 575 260 310
Khmer (Cambodian) x x x 15 0 10
Vietnamese x x x 555 255 300
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Austronesian languages x x x 3,035 1,275 1,760
Bikol x x x 10 0 10
Cebuano x x x 185 80 100
Fijian x x x 10 0 0
Hiligaynon x x x 45 20 30
Ilocano x x x 70 20 55
Malagasy x x x 10 0 0
Malay x x x 80 25 60
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) x x x 10 10 0
Pangasinan x x x 0 0 0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) x x x 2,835 1,195 1,635
Waray-Waray x x x 0 0 0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. x x x 35 15 20
Creole languages x x x 360 185 175
Haitian Creole x x x 35 20 15
Creole, n.o.s. x x x 120 60 65
Creole languages, n.i.e. x x x 210 115 100
Dravidian languages x x x 1,365 785 580
Kannada x x x 75 45 35
Malayalam x x x 560 310 250
Tamil x x x 450 260 190
Telugu x x x 350 215 135
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Hmong-Mien languages x x x 0 0 0
Indo-European languages x x x 30,820 15,070 15,755
Albanian x x x 405 185 215
Armenian x x x 80 45 30
Balto-Slavic languages x x x 4,095 1,935 2,160
Baltic languages x x x 110 35 80
Latvian x x x 50 15 35
Lithuanian x x x 55 15 40
Slavic languages x x x 4,010 1,910 2,105
Belarusan x x x 10 0 10
Bosnian x x x 145 60 80
Bulgarian x x x 75 35 35
Croatian x x x 275 105 165
Czech x x x 210 95 110
Macedonian x x x 90 55 30
Polish x x x 900 410 490
Russian x x x 1,945 970 970
Serbian x x x 180 85 95
Serbo-Croatian x x x 115 70 50
Slovak x x x 145 70 75
Slovene (Slovenian) x x x 35 10 20
Ukrainian x x x 425 180 245
Slavic languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Celtic languages x x x 1,070 495 580
Scottish Gaelic x x x 910 400 505
Welsh x x x 35 25 10
Celtic languages, n.i.e. x x x 155 80 75
Germanic languages x x x 9,225 4,490 4,740
Afrikaans x x x 320 140 175
Danish x x x 235 125 110
Dutch x x x 2,105 935 1,165
Frisian x x x 60 30 30
German x x x 6,335 3,180 3,155
Icelandic x x x 100 40 60
Norwegian x x x 150 105 40
Swedish x x x 245 115 130
Vlaams (Flemish) x x x 20 10 15
Yiddish x x x 30 15 15
Germanic languages, n.i.e. x x x 125 45 85
Greek x x x 1,315 670 645
Indo-Iranian languages x x x 6,535 3,635 2,900
Indo-Aryan languages x x x 4,935 2,790 2,140
Bengali x x x 625 350 275
Gujarati x x x 240 150 90
Hindi x x x 2,270 1,300 975
Kashmiri x x x 15 0 10
Konkani x x x 15 15 0
Marathi x x x 135 85 45
Nepali x x x 620 315 305
Oriya (Odia) x x x 20 10 15
Punjabi (Panjabi) x x x 1,010 570 445
Sindhi x x x 10 0 0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) x x x 245 125 120
Urdu x x x 1,090 660 425
Iranian languages x x x 1,625 865 755
Kurdish x x x 185 110 75
Pashto x x x 85 55 30
Persian (Farsi) x x x 1,385 725 660
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. x x x 75 40 35
Italic (Romance) languages x x x 9,365 4,270 5,100
Catalan x x x 15 10 10
Italian x x x 1,665 845 820
Portuguese x x x 910 480 430
Romanian x x x 240 140 105
Spanish x x x 6,990 3,020 3,970
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. x x x 70 55 20
Japanese x x x 865 335 530
Kartvelian languages x x x 0 0 0
Georgian x x x 0 10 0
Korean x x x 1,530 685 850
Mongolic languages x x x 10 0 10
Mongolian x x x 0 0 0
Niger-Congo languages x x x 1,340 715 620
Akan (Twi) x x x 65 40 30
Bamanankan x x x 10 10 10
Edo x x x 10 10 0
Ewe x x x 80 50 30
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) x x x 10 10 0
Ga x x x 30 15 20
Ganda x x x 60 15 40
Igbo x x x 70 45 30
Lingala x x x 30 15 15
Rundi (Kirundi) x x x 0 0 0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) x x x 130 65 65
Shona x x x 65 40 35
Swahili x x x 370 200 175
Wolof x x x 35 15 20
Yoruba x x x 250 125 125
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. x x x 300 175 130
Nilo-Saharan languages x x x 50 30 20
Dinka x x x 0 0 10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. x x x 45 30 10
Sign languages x x x 1,605 555 1,045
American Sign Language x x x 795 235 555
Quebec Sign Language x x x 0 0 0
Sign languages, n.i.e. x x x 815 325 495
Sino-Tibetan languages x x x 7,135 3,615 3,515
Chinese languages x x x 7,115 3,610 3,500
Cantonese x x x 1,555 730 820
Hakka x x x 45 25 25
Mandarin x x x 5,435 2,720 2,710
Min Dong x x x 0 0 0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) x x x 195 75 120
Wu (Shanghainese) x x x 60 35 30
Chinese, n.o.s. x x x 575 340 245
Chinese languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages x x x 20 10 15
Burmese x x x 0 0 0
Karenic languages x x x 0 0 0
Tibetan x x x 20 10 15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Tai-Kadai languages x x x 240 110 130
Lao x x x 20 0 10
Thai x x x 220 100 120
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Turkic languages x x x 620 320 300
Azerbaijani x x x 20 20 0
Turkish x x x 480 225 255
Uyghur x x x 15 0 10
Uzbek x x x 105 60 40
Turkic languages, n.i.e. x x x 10 10 0
Uralic languages x x x 430 200 230
Estonian x x x 50 25 20
Finnish x x x 120 55 70
Hungarian x x x 255 115 140
Uralic languages, n.i.e. x x x 10 0 10
Other languages, n.i.e. x x x 75 40 35
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45 x x x 908,340 440,735 467,605
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46 x x x 878,415 425,340 453,070
Canadian citizens aged under 18 x x x 159,440 81,575 77,870
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over x x x 718,970 343,770 375,200
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47 x x x 29,930 15,395 14,535
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48 x x x 908,340 440,730 467,605
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49 x x x 842,760 407,740 435,015
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50 x x x 55,675 27,270 28,405
Before 1981 x x x 19,200 9,335 9,865
1981 to 1990 x x x 4,800 2,330 2,470
1991 to 2000 x x x 6,705 3,140 3,560
2001 to 2010 x x x 13,185 6,540 6,645
2001 to 2005 x x x 5,105 2,500 2,600
2006 to 2010 x x x 8,080 4,035 4,045
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51 x x x 11,790 5,925 5,865
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52 x x x 9,900 5,720 4,185
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53 x x x 55,675 27,270 28,410
Under 5 years x x x 7,280 3,495 3,785
5 to 14 years x x x 10,445 5,240 5,205
15 to 24 years x x x 10,170 4,670 5,500
25 to 44 years x x x 22,980 11,315 11,660
45 years and over x x x 4,800 2,550 2,250
Immigrants by selected place of birthThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54 x x x 55,680 27,270 28,410
Americas x x x 10,610 4,830 5,780
Brazil x x x 175 75 100
Colombia x x x 175 90 85
El Salvador x x x 95 50 45
Guyana x x x 170 85 90
Haiti x x x 55 30 30
Jamaica x x x 480 210 275
Mexico x x x 325 155 175
Peru x x x 105 35 75
Trinidad and Tobago x x x 220 120 100
United StatesCensus data footnote 55 x x x 7,375 3,320 4,055
Other places of birth in Americas x x x 1,430 675 750
Europe x x x 22,110 11,195 10,920
Bosnia and Herzegovina x x x 210 115 100
Croatia x x x 180 75 105
France x x x 610 330 280
Germany x x x 2,600 1,270 1,330
Greece x x x 505 270 235
Hungary x x x 110 40 65
IrelandCensus data footnote 56 x x x 475 225 255
Italy x x x 525 310 215
Netherlands x x x 1,645 790 855
Poland x x x 630 265 365
Portugal x x x 220 140 80
Romania x x x 180 100 80
Russian Federation x x x 585 270 315
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57 x x x 90 45 45
Ukraine x x x 335 145 195
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58 x x x 11,275 5,815 5,460
Other places of birth in Europe x x x 1,930 985 945
Africa x x x 3,525 1,855 1,675
Algeria x x x 25 15 15
Egypt x x x 770 395 370
Ethiopia x x x 185 105 85
Kenya x x x 125 75 50
Morocco x x x 80 50 30
Nigeria x x x 350 185 165
Somalia x x x 65 30 35
South Africa, Republic of x x x 460 205 250
Other places of birth in Africa x x x 1,465 790 675
Asia x x x 18,955 9,100 9,855
Afghanistan x x x 100 40 60
Bangladesh x x x 315 180 135
ChinaCensus data footnote 59 x x x 2,830 1,140 1,685
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60 x x x 280 130 155
India x x x 2,225 1,190 1,040
IranCensus data footnote 61 x x x 970 525 440
Iraq x x x 525 250 285
Japan x x x 225 60 170
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62 x x x 870 340 530
Lebanon x x x 1,370 755 610
Pakistan x x x 615 315 295
Philippines x x x 2,570 1,035 1,540
Sri Lanka x x x 310 140 175
SyriaCensus data footnote 63 x x x 1,150 565 580
Taiwan x x x 225 100 120
Viet Nam x x x 450 205 245
Other places of birth in Asia x x x 3,930 2,130 1,795
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64 x x x 480 295 180
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54 x x x 11,785 5,920 5,870
Americas x x x 1,390 675 715
Brazil x x x 95 40 55
Colombia x x x 15 0 15
Cuba x x x 70 40 30
Haiti x x x 20 15 0
Jamaica x x x 195 100 95
Mexico x x x 105 55 45
United StatesCensus data footnote 55 x x x 615 310 305
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65 x x x 15 10 10
Other places of birth in Americas x x x 275 115 165
Europe x x x 2,210 1,165 1,045
France x x x 110 55 55
Germany x x x 215 110 100
IrelandCensus data footnote 56 x x x 75 50 25
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66 x x x 25 10 15
Romania x x x 40 25 15
Russian Federation x x x 180 75 100
Ukraine x x x 140 55 80
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58 x x x 1,080 620 460
Other places of birth in Europe x x x 355 165 190
Africa x x x 1,085 600 485
Algeria x x x 15 0 10
Cameroon x x x 0 0 10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the x x x 55 30 25
Côte d'Ivoire x x x 0 0 0
Egypt x x x 205 105 95
Eritrea x x x 70 40 30
Ethiopia x x x 45 35 10
Morocco x x x 30 15 10
Nigeria x x x 200 100 100
Somalia x x x 10 0 10
South Africa, Republic of x x x 80 35 45
Tunisia x x x 10 10 0
Other places of birth in Africa x x x 365 220 150
Asia x x x 7,035 3,435 3,600
Afghanistan x x x 20 0 20
Bangladesh x x x 80 50 30
ChinaCensus data footnote 59 x x x 985 465 520
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60 x x x 10 0 0
India x x x 900 490 410
IranCensus data footnote 61 x x x 260 135 125
Iraq x x x 245 125 120
Israel x x x 280 180 100
Japan x x x 70 25 50
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62 x x x 225 75 150
Lebanon x x x 75 35 40
Nepal x x x 185 95 85
Pakistan x x x 145 80 65
Philippines x x x 1,500 640 860
Saudi Arabia x x x 125 75 50
Sri Lanka x x x 100 55 50
SyriaCensus data footnote 63 x x x 890 420 460
Taiwan x x x 0 0 0
Turkey x x x 100 55 40
United Arab Emirates x x x 70 45 20
Viet Nam x x x 65 20 45
Other places of birth in Asia x x x 715 370 345
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64 x x x 70 50 20
Australia x x x 35 30 0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67 x x x 35 15 15
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68 x x x 908,340 440,735 467,605
First generationCensus data footnote 69 x x x 70,310 35,320 34,990
Second generationCensus data footnote 70 x x x 69,125 33,765 35,360
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71 x x x 768,905 371,645 397,260
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72 x x x 37,000 18,195 18,805
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73 x x x 21,830 11,270 10,560
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74 x x x 8,710 5,865 2,845
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75 x x x 13,115 5,405 7,710
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76 x x x 10,415 4,455 5,955
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77 x x x 4,520 2,345 2,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78 x x x 235 120 115
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79 x x x 908,340 440,730 467,605
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80 x x x 51,495 24,900 26,595
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81 x x x 49,935 24,175 25,765
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82 x x x 25,830 12,460 13,370
Métis x x x 23,315 11,325 11,985
Inuk (Inuit) x x x 795 385 410
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83 x x x 835 425 410
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84 x x x 725 300 420
Non-Aboriginal identity x x x 856,850 415,835 441,015
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85 x x x 908,340 440,735 467,610
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86 x x x 18,940 9,135 9,805
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian x x x 889,405 431,595 457,800
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87 x x x 908,340 440,735 467,610
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88 x x x 15,055 7,255 7,805
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89 x x x 14,780 7,120 7,655
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82 x x x 11,995 5,790 6,210
Métis single ancestry x x x 2,560 1,245 1,315
Inuit single ancestry x x x 220 85 135
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90 x x x 275 135 145
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries x x x 210 95 115
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries x x x 25 20 10
Métis and Inuit ancestries x x x 30 20 15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries x x x 10 0 10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91 x x x 58,980 27,665 31,315
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92 x x x 56,830 26,660 30,170
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries x x x 34,375 15,975 18,400
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries x x x 21,200 10,120 11,080
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries x x x 1,255 560 690
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93 x x x 2,145 1,005 1,140
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries x x x 1,850 855 995
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries x x x 135 50 80
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries x x x 130 90 45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries x x x 30 10 20
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94 x x x 834,300 405,810 428,495
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95 x x x 908,340 440,735 467,605
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96 x x x 58,650 29,305 29,350
South AsianCensus data footnote 97 x x x 7,910 4,385 3,525
Chinese x x x 8,640 4,210 4,435
Black x x x 21,915 10,735 11,175
Filipino x x x 3,400 1,485 1,920
Latin American x x x 1,685 820 865
Arab x x x 8,110 4,375 3,735
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98 x x x 1,195 525 670
West AsianCensus data footnote 99 x x x 1,540 805 740
Korean x x x 1,540 685 855
Japanese x x x 695 295 405
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100 x x x 630 300 330
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101 x x x 1,385 690 695
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102 x x x 849,690 411,430 438,260
Ethnic origin populationThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103 x x x 908,340 440,730 467,610
North American Aboriginal origins x x x 74,040 34,920 39,115
First Nations (North American Indian) x x x 48,640 22,805 25,835
Inuit x x x 1,840 830 1,010
Métis x x x 26,025 12,435 13,585
Other North American origins x x x 410,825 197,970 212,855
Acadian x x x 23,700 11,050 12,650
American x x x 7,515 3,730 3,785
Canadian x x x 387,360 186,955 200,405
New Brunswicker x x x 35 15 20
Newfoundlander x x x 1,750 835 910
Nova Scotian x x x 1,295 625 665
Ontarian x x x 95 65 35
Québécois x x x 380 190 185
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104 x x x 20 0 15
European origins x x x 621,525 299,755 321,760
British Isles origins x x x 513,725 246,085 267,645
Channel Islander x x x 90 25 60
Cornish x x x 105 45 65
English x x x 262,375 124,610 137,765
Irish x x x 195,865 91,260 104,605
Manx x x x 145 70 70
Scottish x x x 272,880 129,640 143,240
Welsh x x x 17,135 8,105 9,030
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105 x x x 18,975 8,955 10,020
French origins x x x 149,665 70,095 79,570
Alsatian x x x 25 20 10
Breton x x x 15 10 10
Corsican x x x 20 20 0
French x x x 149,625 70,065 79,565
Western European origins (except French origins) x x x 125,110 59,420 65,690
Austrian x x x 1,775 880 895
Bavarian x x x 10 10 10
Belgian x x x 2,615 1,320 1,305
Dutch x x x 32,045 14,640 17,410
Flemish x x x 160 80 80
Frisian x x x 50 20 30
German x x x 97,555 46,450 51,100
Luxembourger x x x 30 20 10
Swiss x x x 2,705 1,335 1,375
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106 x x x 140 75 60
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) x x x 14,985 7,075 7,910
Danish x x x 3,700 1,695 2,005
Finnish x x x 1,140 505 630
Icelandic x x x 660 295 370
Norwegian x x x 5,170 2,535 2,635
Swedish x x x 3,565 1,575 1,990
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107 x x x 1,365 750 620
Eastern European origins x x x 29,685 14,315 15,370
Bulgarian x x x 280 130 145
Byelorussian x x x 195 85 105
Czech x x x 1,165 620 545
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108 x x x 420 175 245
Estonian x x x 345 185 165
Hungarian x x x 2,700 1,320 1,380
Latvian x x x 380 160 220
Lithuanian x x x 1,150 510 635
Moldovan x x x 10 0 10
Polish x x x 11,575 5,525 6,050
Romanian x x x 1,190 540 650
Russian x x x 4,775 2,210 2,570
Slovak x x x 610 320 290
Ukrainian x x x 9,115 4,475 4,640
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109 x x x 310 150 160
Southern European origins x x x 28,680 13,790 14,890
Albanian x x x 285 140 145
Bosnian x x x 155 75 75
Catalan x x x 0 0 0
Croatian x x x 680 325 360
Cypriot x x x 40 30 15
Greek x x x 3,360 1,705 1,650
Italian x x x 15,620 7,605 8,015
Kosovar x x x 255 115 145
Macedonian x x x 165 90 80
Maltese x x x 440 215 220
Montenegrin x x x 20 10 10
Portuguese x x x 3,580 1,700 1,880
Serbian x x x 255 120 135
Sicilian x x x 40 20 15
Slovenian x x x 150 70 85
Spanish x x x 4,300 1,875 2,425
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110 x x x 400 205 200
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111 x x x 85 50 40
Other European origins x x x 5,465 2,845 2,625
Basque x x x 160 75 85
Jewish x x x 2,040 1,040 1,000
Roma (Gypsy) x x x 135 110 25
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112 x x x 25 25 0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113 x x x 3,145 1,610 1,535
Caribbean origins x x x 5,220 2,580 2,640
Antiguan x x x 100 50 55
Bahamian x x x 230 105 115
Barbadian x x x 575 300 275
Bermudan x x x 185 90 100
Carib x x x 45 30 10
Cuban x x x 340 145 195
Dominican x x x 150 85 65
Grenadian x x x 35 20 20
Guadeloupean x x x 0 0 0
Haitian x x x 115 50 65
Jamaican x x x 2,075 1,050 1,025
Kittitian/Nevisian x x x 45 15 30
Martinican x x x 10 10 0
Montserratan x x x 10 10 0
Puerto Rican x x x 115 40 75
St. Lucian x x x 65 20 50
Trinidadian/Tobagonian x x x 325 170 155
Vincentian/Grenadinian x x x 35 20 15
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114 x x x 785 420 365
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115 x x x 330 155 180
Latin, Central and South American origins x x x 3,055 1,525 1,525
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya) x x x 185 90 100
Arawak x x x 0 0 0
Argentinian x x x 65 40 25
Belizean x x x 25 20 10
Bolivian x x x 40 20 15
Brazilian x x x 280 140 135
Chilean x x x 130 80 45
Colombian x x x 430 210 225
Costa Rican x x x 35 10 25
Ecuadorian x x x 50 20 30
Guatemalan x x x 90 65 35
Guyanese x x x 350 160 195
Hispanic x x x 60 35 25
Honduran x x x 50 35 20
Maya x x x 70 35 30
Mexican x x x 810 415 395
Nicaraguan x x x 45 20 25
Panamanian x x x 25 10 15
Paraguayan x x x 0 0 0
Peruvian x x x 180 85 95
Salvadorean x x x 110 75 35
Uruguayan x x x 15 0 20
Venezuelan x x x 80 50 30
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116 x x x 185 80 105
African origins x x x 17,655 8,560 9,095
Central and West African origins x x x 1,335 700 635
Akan x x x 10 0 10
Angolan x x x 10 0 10
Ashanti x x x 0 10 0
Beninese x x x 20 10 10
Burkinabe x x x 0 0 10
Cameroonian x x x 70 35 35
Chadian x x x 0 0 0
Congolese x x x 180 95 85
Edo x x x 0 0 0
Ewe x x x 0 0 0
Gabonese x x x 10 0 0
Gambian x x x 10 0 10
Ghanaian x x x 185 105 85
Guinean x x x 30 20 10
Ibo x x x 90 50 40
Ivorian x x x 10 0 0
Liberian x x x 15 10 10
Malian x x x 10 0 10
Malinké x x x 15 10 10
Nigerian x x x 445 240 210
Peulh x x x 0 10 0
Senegalese x x x 10 10 0
Sierra Leonean x x x 80 45 35
Togolese x x x 70 30 35
Wolof x x x 0 0 0
Yoruba x x x 65 25 45
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117 x x x 120 65 50
North African origins x x x 2,030 1,045 980
Algerian x x x 85 45 40
Berber x x x 70 50 20
Coptic x x x 30 10 20
Dinka x x x 0 0 0
Egyptian x x x 1,295 695 600
Libyan x x x 215 105 110
Maure x x x 10 0 10
Moroccan x x x 130 60 70
Sudanese x x x 130 50 80
Tunisian x x x 65 25 35
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118 x x x 90 40 50
Southern and East African origins x x x 1,865 920 945
Afrikaner x x x 25 10 20
Amhara x x x 10 10 0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119 x x x 10 10 0
Burundian x x x 10 0 0
Djiboutian x x x 0 0 0
Eritrean x x x 160 85 75
Ethiopian x x x 280 120 155
Harari x x x 0 0 0
Kenyan x x x 160 85 75
Malagasy x x x 20 0 15
Mauritian x x x 0 0 0
Oromo x x x 25 15 15
Rwandan x x x 105 55 50
Seychellois x x x 0 0 0
Somali x x x 180 75 100
South African x x x 520 255 265
Tanzanian x x x 60 45 20
Tigrian x x x 15 0 10
Ugandan x x x 60 25 40
Zambian x x x 80 35 50
Zimbabwean x x x 100 55 45
Zulu x x x 0 0 0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120 x x x 170 100 75
Other African origins x x x 12,620 5,990 6,635
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121 x x x 2,255 1,060 1,195
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122 x x x 10,460 4,965 5,495
Asian origins x x x 42,500 21,445 21,050
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins x x x 17,205 8,915 8,295
Afghan x x x 230 80 150
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123 x x x 1,600 835 770
Armenian x x x 265 160 110
Assyrian x x x 10 10 0
Azerbaijani x x x 20 20 0
Georgian x x x 20 15 10
Hazara x x x 0 0 0
Iranian x x x 1,405 785 620
Iraqi x x x 595 270 325
Israeli x x x 245 120 120
Jordanian x x x 260 150 115
Kazakh x x x 45 30 20
Kurd x x x 230 120 115
Kuwaiti x x x 245 115 130
Kyrgyz x x x 0 0 0
Lebanese x x x 7,445 3,815 3,630
Palestinian x x x 990 535 455
Pashtun x x x 30 15 10
Saudi Arabian x x x 725 470 255
Syrian x x x 2,190 1,090 1,100
Tajik x x x 20 10 10
Tatar x x x 40 15 25
Turk x x x 690 320 370
Turkmen x x x 10 10 10
Uighur x x x 10 10 0
Uzbek x x x 90 60 30
Yemeni x x x 205 105 95
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124 x x x 780 410 370
South Asian origins x x x 8,495 4,690 3,805
Bangladeshi x x x 240 135 110
Bengali x x x 65 40 20
Bhutanese x x x 225 100 125
East Indian x x x 6,255 3,460 2,795
Goan x x x 10 10 0
Gujarati x x x 10 0 0
Kashmiri x x x 0 10 0
Nepali x x x 430 220 210
Pakistani x x x 665 405 260
Punjabi x x x 230 110 115
Sinhalese x x x 40 10 30
Sri Lankan x x x 340 150 190
Tamil x x x 60 30 35
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125 x x x 470 290 175
East and Southeast Asian origins x x x 16,715 7,850 8,870
Burmese x x x 15 0 10
Cambodian (Khmer) x x x 55 15 40
Chinese x x x 9,695 4,720 4,980
Filipino x x x 3,580 1,585 1,995
Hmong x x x 0 0 0
Indonesian x x x 140 65 75
Japanese x x x 905 385 515
Karen x x x 0 0 0
Korean x x x 1,590 700 895
Laotian x x x 15 0 10
Malaysian x x x 80 30 45
Mongolian x x x 55 30 30
Singaporean x x x 10 10 0
Taiwanese x x x 240 100 140
Thai x x x 245 85 155
Tibetan x x x 10 0 10
Vietnamese x x x 760 355 410
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126 x x x 75 45 25
Other Asian origins x x x 410 190 215
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127 x x x 410 190 215
Oceania origins x x x 895 450 445
Australian x x x 490 255 235
New Zealander x x x 290 155 130
Pacific Islands origins x x x 125 55 70
Fijian x x x 15 10 10
Hawaiian x x x 25 10 15
Maori x x x 40 20 25
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128 x x x 20 15 10
Samoan x x x 10 0 10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129 x x x 30 0 20
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130 x ... ... 401,990 ... ...
Owner x ... ... 276,095 ... ...
Renter x ... ... 123,595 ... ...
Band housing x ... ... 2,300 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131 x ... ... 401,990 ... ...
Condominium x ... ... 13,370 ... ...
Not condominium x ... ... 388,625 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132 x ... ... 401,990 ... ...
No bedrooms x ... ... 1,140 ... ...
1 bedroom x ... ... 45,675 ... ...
2 bedrooms x ... ... 105,410 ... ...
3 bedrooms x ... ... 158,975 ... ...
4 or more bedrooms x ... ... 90,785 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133 x ... ... 401,990 ... ...
1 to 4 rooms x ... ... 87,755 ... ...
5 rooms x ... ... 64,655 ... ...
6 rooms x ... ... 66,855 ... ...
7 rooms x ... ... 57,085 ... ...
8 or more rooms x ... ... 125,635 ... ...
Average number of rooms per dwelling x ... ... 6.5 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134 x ... ... 401,990 ... ...
One person or fewer per room x ... ... 399,855 ... ...
More than 1 person per room x ... ... 2,130 ... ...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135 x ... ... 401,990 ... ...
Suitable x ... ... 390,445 ... ...
Not suitable x ... ... 11,540 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136 x ... ... 401,990 ... ...
1960 or before x ... ... 112,530 ... ...
1961 to 1980 x ... ... 113,715 ... ...
1981 to 1990 x ... ... 59,105 ... ...
1991 to 2000 x ... ... 49,825 ... ...
2001 to 2005 x ... ... 23,045 ... ...
2006 to 2010 x ... ... 23,925 ... ...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137 x ... ... 19,840 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138 x ... ... 401,990 ... ...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed x ... ... 366,615 ... ...
Major repairs needed x ... ... 35,375 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139 x ... ... 401,990 ... ...
1 household maintainer x ... ... 241,800 ... ...
2 household maintainers x ... ... 152,970 ... ...
3 or more household maintainers x ... ... 7,220 ... ...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140 x ... ... 401,990 ... ...
15 to 24 years x ... ... 14,575 ... ...
25 to 34 years x ... ... 49,695 ... ...
35 to 44 years x ... ... 59,550 ... ...
45 to 54 years x ... ... 77,555 ... ...
55 to 64 years x ... ... 85,360 ... ...
65 to 74 years x ... ... 66,865 ... ...
75 to 84 years x ... ... 35,980 ... ...
85 years and over x ... ... 12,405 ... ...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141 x ... ... 395,860 ... ...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs x ... ... 310,540 ... ...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs x ... ... 85,315 ... ...
30% to less than 100% x ... ... 74,290 ... ...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data x ... ... 273,525 ... ...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142 x ... ... 55.2 ... ...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141 x ... ... 12.0 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 x ... ... 819 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 x ... ... 987 ... ...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144 x ... ... 199,886 ... ...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144 x ... ... 230,441 ... ...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data x ... ... 123,060 ... ...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145 x ... ... 12.3 ... ...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141 x ... ... 42.8 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 x ... ... 849 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 x ... ... 909 ... ...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146 x x x 774,745 372,455 402,295
No certificate, diploma or degree x x x 153,705 79,885 73,825
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147 x x x 195,900 95,205 100,695
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree x x x 425,140 197,365 227,775
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma x x x 76,810 54,075 22,735
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148 x x x 42,625 25,015 17,610
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149 x x x 34,185 29,060 5,125
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma x x x 168,805 67,030 101,775
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level x x x 18,380 6,975 11,405
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above x x x 161,150 69,290 91,855
Bachelor's degree x x x 108,385 45,185 63,205
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level x x x 9,495 4,020 5,475
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry x x x 4,700 2,595 2,110
Master's degree x x x 32,645 13,840 18,805
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150 x x x 5,925 3,655 2,270
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146 x x x 494,505 237,795 256,710
No certificate, diploma or degree x x x 60,280 34,820 25,460
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147 x x x 116,280 57,600 58,675
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree x x x 317,950 145,375 172,570
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma x x x 52,370 37,255 15,115
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148 x x x 29,105 17,300 11,810
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149 x x x 23,265 19,955 3,310
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma x x x 128,010 51,890 76,120
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level x x x 11,595 4,325 7,275
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above x x x 125,970 51,905 74,065
Bachelor's degree x x x 85,240 34,830 50,410
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level x x x 6,895 2,610 4,285
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry x x x 3,775 1,850 1,925
Master's degree x x x 26,025 10,380 15,640
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150 x x x 4,045 2,240 1,805
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151 x x x 774,750 372,455 402,295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152 x x x 349,605 175,090 174,520
Education x x x 31,395 8,460 22,930
13. Education x x x 31,390 8,465 22,930
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies x x x 10,700 5,095 5,605
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services x x x 2,070 1,565 505
50. Visual and performing arts x x x 8,635 3,530 5,100
Humanities x x x 18,830 7,520 11,310
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics x x x 1,175 355 820
23. English language and literature/letters x x x 5,110 1,530 3,580
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities x x x 4,545 1,540 3,000
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153 x x x 65 25 35
38. Philosophy and religious studies x x x 1,240 675 565
39. Theology and religious vocations x x x 2,200 1,340 860
54. History x x x 3,615 1,865 1,755
55. French language and literature/letters x x x 880 190 695
Social and behavioural sciences and law x x x 40,155 11,980 28,175
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies x x x 635 145 490
09. Communication, journalism and related programs x x x 3,285 1,260 2,025
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences x x x 9,115 750 8,365
22. Legal professions and studies x x x 6,110 1,920 4,185
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154 x x x 610 135 475
42. Psychology x x x 8,170 2,060 6,110
45. Social sciences x x x 12,240 5,710 6,520
Business, management and public administration x x x 93,075 27,030 66,045
30.16 Accounting and computer science x x x 205 55 150
44. Public administration and social service professions x x x 6,285 1,345 4,940
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services x x x 86,590 25,630 60,960
Physical and life sciences and technologies x x x 15,340 7,650 7,685
26. Biological and biomedical sciences x x x 6,910 2,990 3,925
30.01 Biological and physical sciences x x x 3,340 1,455 1,880
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155 x x x 165 35 120
40. Physical sciences x x x 4,260 3,005 1,255
41. Science technologies/technicians x x x 665 165 500
Mathematics, computer and information sciences x x x 15,745 9,355 6,390
11. Computer and information sciences and support services x x x 12,750 8,055 4,695
25. Library science x x x 1,210 175 1,040
27. Mathematics and statistics x x x 1,590 995 600
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156 x x x 200 135 65
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies x x x 92,920 87,340 5,580
04. Architecture and related services x x x 1,370 860 510
14. Engineering x x x 11,925 10,290 1,640
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields x x x 17,805 16,110 1,695
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation x x x 10 0 10
46. Construction trades x x x 24,800 24,235 570
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians x x x 25,465 24,680 780
48. Precision production x x x 11,545 11,165 380
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation x x x 7,630 4,615 3,015
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences x x x 4,215 2,160 2,055
03. Natural resources and conservation x x x 3,410 2,450 960
Health and related fields x x x 66,770 10,595 56,175
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies x x x 3,560 1,730 1,825
51. Health professions and related programs x x x 61,755 7,955 53,800
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs x x x 1,460 910 550
Personal, protective and transportation services x x x 32,535 17,700 14,830
12. Personal and culinary services x x x 17,625 4,455 13,170
28. Military science, leadership and operational art x x x 250 240 10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences x x x 905 850 50
43. Security and protective services x x x 4,540 3,535 1,005
49. Transportation and materials moving x x x 9,220 8,625 600
Other x x x 45 10 40
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other x x x 50 10 40
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151 x x x 494,505 237,795 256,710
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152 x x x 176,560 92,420 84,135
Education x x x 20,590 4,940 15,650
13. Education x x x 20,585 4,940 15,650
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies x x x 8,145 3,855 4,285
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services x x x 1,515 1,140 375
50. Visual and performing arts x x x 6,630 2,715 3,915
Humanities x x x 13,745 5,275 8,465
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics x x x 895 280 615
23. English language and literature/letters x x x 3,800 1,095 2,705
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities x x x 3,425 1,125 2,305
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153 x x x 60 25 35
38. Philosophy and religious studies x x x 910 490 420
39. Theology and religious vocations x x x 1,330 795 535
54. History x x x 2,710 1,340 1,370
55. French language and literature/letters x x x 620 130 490
Social and behavioural sciences and law x x x 32,650 9,150 23,500
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies x x x 520 110 410
09. Communication, journalism and related programs x x x 2,750 1,030 1,720
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences x x x 7,395 580 6,810
22. Legal professions and studies x x x 5,225 1,380 3,845
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154 x x x 460 100 355
42. Psychology x x x 6,545 1,580 4,970
45. Social sciences x x x 9,755 4,360 5,390
Business, management and public administration x x x 69,255 20,285 48,970
30.16 Accounting and computer science x x x 175 40 135
44. Public administration and social service professions x x x 5,140 1,025 4,120
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services x x x 63,935 19,220 44,715
Physical and life sciences and technologies x x x 11,075 5,385 5,690
26. Biological and biomedical sciences x x x 5,285 2,240 3,045
30.01 Biological and physical sciences x x x 2,390 1,030 1,360
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155 x x x 130 30 100
40. Physical sciences x x x 2,910 2,005 905
41. Science technologies/technicians x x x 365 85 275
Mathematics, computer and information sciences x x x 13,625 8,240 5,385
11. Computer and information sciences and support services x x x 11,505 7,330 4,170
25. Library science x x x 815 115 700
27. Mathematics and statistics x x x 1,130 660 470
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156 x x x 175 125 50
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies x x x 67,930 63,180 4,750
04. Architecture and related services x x x 1,020 585 430
14. Engineering x x x 8,585 7,230 1,355
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields x x x 13,410 11,920 1,495
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation x x x 0 0 10
46. Construction trades x x x 18,355 17,835 515
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians x x x 18,540 17,910 625
48. Precision production x x x 8,020 7,700 325
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation x x x 5,995 3,475 2,520
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences x x x 3,270 1,570 1,695
03. Natural resources and conservation x x x 2,725 1,905 825
Health and related fields x x x 50,220 8,215 42,010
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies x x x 2,730 1,350 1,380
51. Health professions and related programs x x x 46,385 6,215 40,165
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs x x x 1,110 650 460
Personal, protective and transportation services x x x 24,685 13,375 11,310
12. Personal and culinary services x x x 13,490 3,480 10,000
28. Military science, leadership and operational art x x x 205 200 10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences x x x 475 435 40
43. Security and protective services x x x 3,465 2,655 815
49. Transportation and materials moving x x x 7,045 6,595 450
Other x x x 45 10 40
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other x x x 50 10 35
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157 x x x 774,745 372,455 402,295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree x x x 349,605 175,090 174,515
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158 x x x 425,145 197,365 227,775
Location of study inside Canada x x x 396,690 182,875 213,810
Same as province or territory of residence x x x 315,140 141,965 173,175
Different than province or territory of residence x x x 81,550 40,915 40,640
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159 x x x 28,450 14,485 13,965
United StatesCensus data footnote 160 x x x 7,950 4,110 3,840
Philippines x x x 1,530 540 995
India x x x 1,755 935 825
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161 x x x 5,530 3,225 2,305
ChinaCensus data footnote 162 x x x 1,080 445 635
France x x x 350 210 145
Other x x x 10,255 5,030 5,225
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157 x x x 494,510 237,800 256,710
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree x x x 176,560 92,420 84,140
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158 x x x 317,950 145,380 172,575
Location of study inside Canada x x x 297,430 135,465 161,965
Same as province or territory of residence x x x 236,720 105,480 131,235
Different than province or territory of residence x x x 60,710 29,980 30,730
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159 x x x 20,525 9,915 10,605
United StatesCensus data footnote 160 x x x 4,905 2,370 2,540
Philippines x x x 1,415 520 900
India x x x 1,385 725 660
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161 x x x 3,455 1,930 1,525
ChinaCensus data footnote 162 x x x 810 335 475
France x x x 245 140 100
Other x x x 8,305 3,900 4,405
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163 x x x 774,750 372,455 402,290
In the labour force x x x 474,595 242,775 231,820
Employed x x x 427,310 215,010 212,305
Unemployed x x x 47,280 27,765 19,520
Not in the labour force x x x 300,155 129,680 170,475
Participation rate x x x 61.3 65.2 57.6
Employment rate x x x 55.2 57.7 52.8
Unemployment rate x x x 10.0 11.4 8.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164 x x x 774,750 372,455 402,295
Did not workCensus data footnote 165 x x x 274,375 117,550 156,825
Worked x x x 500,370 254,905 245,465
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166 x x x 252,820 135,940 116,880
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167 x x x 247,550 118,965 128,585
Average weeks worked in reference year x x x 41.6 41.5 41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168 x x x 474,590 242,775 231,820
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 x x x 9,265 4,800 4,470
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170 x x x 465,330 237,975 227,350
Employee x x x 420,745 210,170 210,570
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171 x x x 44,585 27,805 16,775
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172 x x x 474,595 242,775 231,820
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 x x x 9,265 4,800 4,470
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170 x x x 465,330 237,975 227,350
0 Management occupations x x x 45,530 27,170 18,365
1 Business, finance and administration occupations x x x 67,495 17,930 49,565
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations x x x 27,450 21,980 5,465
3 Health occupations x x x 37,600 6,290 31,310
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services x x x 58,165 20,975 37,185
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport x x x 12,490 5,560 6,930
6 Sales and service occupations x x x 113,135 45,385 67,750
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations x x x 67,625 64,200 3,430
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations x x x 18,380 15,730 2,650
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities x x x 17,460 12,755 4,705
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173 x x x 474,595 242,775 231,820
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 x x x 9,265 4,795 4,465
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170 x x x 465,330 237,975 227,350
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting x x x 17,775 14,165 3,610
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction x x x 4,025 3,630 390
22 Utilities x x x 2,880 2,115 760
23 Construction x x x 33,555 30,185 3,370
31-33 Manufacturing x x x 32,375 23,565 8,810
41 Wholesale trade x x x 13,345 9,650 3,690
44-45 Retail trade x x x 59,570 26,295 33,280
48-49 Transportation and warehousing x x x 19,660 14,980 4,680
51 Information and cultural industries x x x 9,310 5,250 4,055
52 Finance and insurance x x x 15,240 5,690 9,545
53 Real estate and rental and leasing x x x 6,870 3,890 2,980
54 Professional, scientific and technical services x x x 26,065 14,090 11,975
55 Management of companies and enterprises x x x 625 255 365
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services x x x 22,240 12,950 9,295
61 Educational services x x x 35,480 11,705 23,780
62 Health care and social assistance x x x 64,390 10,435 53,955
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation x x x 9,385 4,555 4,835
72 Accommodation and food services x x x 33,115 12,095 21,025
81 Other services (except public administration) x x x 19,195 8,875 10,320
91 Public administration x x x 40,225 23,590 16,635
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174 x x x 427,310 215,010 212,300
Worked at home x x x 28,075 13,780 14,300
Worked outside Canada x x x 1,665 1,185 485
No fixed workplace address x x x 51,545 38,965 12,575
Worked at usual place x x x 346,020 161,075 184,945
Commuting destinationThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data x x x 346,020 161,075 184,945
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence x x x 251,000 116,125 134,875
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence x x x 57,510 23,850 33,655
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence x x x 32,230 17,425 14,805
Commute to a different province or territory x x x 5,285 3,675 1,610
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175 x x x 397,570 200,045 197,525
Car, truck, van - as a driver x x x 310,240 159,660 150,580
Car, truck, van - as a passenger x x x 29,150 12,090 17,055
Public transit x x x 25,315 11,425 13,890
Walked x x x 24,870 11,635 13,235
Bicycle x x x 2,480 1,695 785
Other method x x x 5,520 3,535 1,985
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176 x x x 397,565 200,045 197,525
Less than 15 minutes x x x 136,245 62,375 73,880
15 to 29 minutes x x x 145,310 73,055 72,260
30 to 44 minutes x x x 69,795 37,770 32,025
45 to 59 minutes x x x 24,405 13,070 11,335
60 minutes and over x x x 21,815 13,785 8,030
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177 x x x 397,570 200,045 197,520
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m. x x x 23,775 16,345 7,430
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m. x x x 76,185 44,615 31,570
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m. x x x 119,920 60,740 59,185
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m. x x x 83,505 32,835 50,670
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. x x x 35,470 14,005 21,465
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m. x x x 58,715 31,510 27,205
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178 x x x 514,080 261,365 252,710
Single responses x x x 510,800 259,940 250,860
Official languages x x x 509,100 258,990 250,105
English x x x 502,960 256,380 246,585
French x x x 6,135 2,615 3,525
Non-official languages x x x 1,705 950 755
Aboriginal languages x x x 650 350 295
Algonquian languages x x x 650 355 295
Blackfoot x x x 0 0 0
Cree-Montagnais languages x x x 0 0 0
Atikamekw x x x 0 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) x x x 0 0 0
Moose Cree x x x 0 0 0
Naskapi x x x 0 0 0
Northern East Cree x x x 0 0 0
Plains Cree x x x 0 0 0
Southern East Cree x x x 0 0 0
Swampy Cree x x x 0 0 0
Woods Cree x x x 0 0 0
Cree, n.o.s. x x x 0 0 0
Eastern Algonquian languages x x x 645 350 290
Malecite x x x 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq x x x 645 355 295
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages x x x 0 0 0
Algonquin x x x 0 0 0
Ojibway x x x 0 0 0
Oji-Cree x x x 0 0 0
Ottawa (Odawa) x x x 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages x x x 0 0 0
Northern Athabaskan languages x x x 0 0 0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) x x x 0 0 0
Beaver x x x 0 0 0
Carrier x x x 0 0 0
Chilcotin x x x 0 0 0
Dene x x x 0 0 0
Dogrib (Tlicho) x x x 0 0 0
Gwich'in x x x 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) x x x 0 0 0
Sekani x x x 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages x x x 0 0 0
North Slavey (Hare) x x x 0 0 0
South Slavey x x x 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. x x x 0 0 0
Tahltan languages x x x 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) x x x 0 0 0
Tahltan x x x 0 0 0
Tutchone languages x x x 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone x x x 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone x x x 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Haida x x x 0 0 0
Inuit languages x x x 0 0 0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) x x x 0 0 0
Inuktitut x x x 0 0 0
Inuit languages, n.i.e. x x x 10 0 0
Iroquoian languages x x x 0 0 0
Cayuga x x x 0 0 0
Mohawk x x x 0 0 0
Oneida x x x 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Kutenai x x x 0 0 0
Michif x x x 0 0 0
Salish languages x x x 0 0 0
Comox x x x 0 0 0
Halkomelem x x x 0 0 0
Lillooet x x x 0 0 0
Okanagan x x x 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) x x x 0 0 0
Squamish x x x 0 0 0
Straits x x x 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) x x x 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Siouan languages x x x 0 0 0
Dakota x x x 0 0 0
Stoney x x x 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Tlingit x x x 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages x x x 0 0 0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) x x x 0 0 0
Nisga'a x x x 0 0 0
Tsimshian x x x 0 0 0
Wakashan languages x x x 0 0 0
Haisla x x x 0 0 0
Heiltsuk x x x 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) x x x 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) x x x 0 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. x x x 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal languages x x x 1,055 600 455
Afro-Asiatic languages x x x 195 150 45
Berber languages x x x 0 0 0
Kabyle x x x 0 0 0
Berber languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Cushitic languages x x x 0 0 0
Bilen x x x 0 0 0
Oromo x x x 0 0 0
Somali x x x 0 0 0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Semitic languages x x x 190 150 45
Amharic x x x 10 0 10
Arabic x x x 165 135 30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic x x x 0 0 0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic x x x 0 0 0
Harari x x x 0 0 0
Hebrew x x x 25 15 10
Maltese x x x 0 0 0
Tigrigna x x x 0 0 0
Semitic languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Austro-Asiatic languages x x x 10 0 10
Khmer (Cambodian) x x x 0 0 0
Vietnamese x x x 10 0 10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e x x x 0 0 0
Austronesian languages x x x 15 10 15
Bikol x x x 0 0 0
Cebuano x x x 0 0 0
Fijian x x x 0 0 0
Hiligaynon x x x 0 0 0
Ilocano x x x 0 0 0
Malagasy x x x 0 0 0
Malay x x x 0 0 0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) x x x 0 0 0
Pangasinan x x x 0 0 0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) x x x 20 0 10
Waray-Waray x x x 0 0 0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Creole languages x x x 0 0 0
Haitian Creole x x x 0 0 0
Creole, n.o.s. x x x 0 0 0
Creole languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Dravidian languages x x x 0 0 0
Kannada x x x 0 0 0
Malayalam x x x 0 0 0
Tamil x x x 0 0 0
Telugu x x x 0 0 0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Hmong-Mien languages x x x 0 10 0
Indo-European languages x x x 385 225 160
Albanian x x x 0 0 0
Armenian x x x 0 0 0
Balto-Slavic languages x x x 30 20 15
Baltic languages x x x 0 0 0
Latvian x x x 0 0 0
Lithuanian x x x 0 0 0
Slavic languages x x x 25 20 10
Belarusan x x x 0 0 0
Bosnian x x x 0 0 0
Bulgarian x x x 0 0 0
Croatian x x x 0 0 0
Czech x x x 0 0 0
Macedonian x x x 0 0 0
Polish x x x 0 0 0
Russian x x x 25 20 10
Serbian x x x 0 0 0
Serbo-Croatian x x x 0 0 0
Slovak x x x 0 0 0
Slovene (Slovenian) x x x 0 0 0
Ukrainian x x x 0 0 0
Slavic languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Celtic languages x x x 0 0 0
Scottish Gaelic x x x 0 0 0
Welsh x x x 0 0 0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Germanic languages x x x 190 115 75
Afrikaans x x x 0 0 0
Danish x x x 10 10 10
Dutch x x x 0 0 0
Frisian x x x 0 0 0
German x x x 155 85 65
Icelandic x x x 0 0 0
Norwegian x x x 0 0 0
Swedish x x x 0 0 0
Vlaams (Flemish) x x x 0 10 0
Yiddish x x x 0 0 0
Germanic languages, n.i.e. x x x 20 10 0
Greek x x x 0 10 0
Indo-Iranian languages x x x 50 30 20
Indo-Aryan languages x x x 20 20 0
Bengali x x x 0 0 0
Gujarati x x x 0 0 0
Hindi x x x 0 0 0
Kashmiri x x x 0 0 0
Konkani x x x 0 0 0
Marathi x x x 0 0 0
Nepali x x x 15 15 0
Oriya (Odia) x x x 0 0 0
Punjabi (Panjabi) x x x 10 10 0
Sindhi x x x 0 0 0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) x x x 0 0 0
Urdu x x x 0 0 0
Iranian languages x x x 30 10 15
Kurdish x x x 0 0 0
Pashto x x x 0 0 0
Persian (Farsi) x x x 30 10 20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Italic (Romance) languages x x x 105 50 60
Catalan x x x 0 0 0
Italian x x x 10 10 0
Portuguese x x x 30 15 15
Romanian x x x 0 0 0
Spanish x x x 75 30 40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Japanese x x x 35 10 25
Kartvelian languages x x x 0 0 0
Georgian x x x 0 0 0
Korean x x x 50 20 25
Mongolic languages x x x 0 0 0
Mongolian x x x 0 0 0
Niger-Congo languages x x x 0 0 0
Akan (Twi) x x x 0 0 0
Bamanankan x x x 0 0 0
Edo x x x 0 0 0
Ewe x x x 0 0 0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) x x x 0 0 0
Ga x x x 0 0 0
Ganda x x x 0 0 0
Igbo x x x 0 0 0
Lingala x x x 0 0 0
Rundi (Kirundi) x x x 0 0 0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) x x x 0 0 0
Shona x x x 0 0 0
Swahili x x x 0 0 0
Wolof x x x 0 0 0
Yoruba x x x 0 0 0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages x x x 0 0 0
Dinka x x x 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Sign languages x x x 45 20 25
American Sign Language x x x 20 10 10
Quebec Sign Language x x x 0 0 0
Sign languages, n.i.e x x x 25 15 15
Sino-Tibetan languages x x x 310 165 145
Chinese languages x x x 305 165 145
Cantonese x x x 80 45 35
Hakka x x x 0 0 0
Mandarin x x x 210 105 110
Min Dong x x x 0 0 0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) x x x 0 0 0
Wu (Shanghainese) x x x 0 0 0
Chinese, n.o.s. x x x 15 15 0
Chinese languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages x x x 0 0 0
Burmese x x x 0 0 0
Karenic languages x x x 0 0 0
Tibetan x x x 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Tai-Kadai languages x x x 0 0 0
Lao x x x 0 0 0
Thai x x x 0 0 10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e x x x 0 0 0
Turkic languages x x x 10 0 10
Azerbaijani x x x 0 0 0
Turkish x x x 10 0 10
Uyghur x x x 0 0 0
Uzbek x x x 0 0 0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Uralic languages x x x 0 0 0
Estonian x x x 0 0 0
Finnish x x x 0 0 0
Hungarian x x x 0 0 0
Uralic languages, n.i.e. x x x 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. x x x 10 10 0
Multiple responses x x x 3,270 1,420 1,850
English and French x x x 2,295 950 1,345
English and non-official language x x x 930 460 470
French and non-official language x x x 0 0 10
English, French and non-official language x x x 40 15 30
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179 x x x 514,075 261,365 252,710
None x x x 491,875 250,710 241,170
English x x x 5,115 2,370 2,745
French x x x 13,405 6,555 6,855
Non-official language x x x 3,430 1,600 1,825
Aboriginal x x x 855 365 490
Non-Aboriginal x x x 2,570 1,240 1,330
English and French x x x 10 0 10
English and non-official language x x x 0 10 0
French and non-official language x x x 230 130 105
English, French and non-official language x x x 0 0 0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180 x x x 900,450 436,790 463,660
Non-movers x x x 792,100 384,560 407,535
Movers x x x 108,350 52,230 56,120
Non-migrants x x x 68,165 32,930 35,235
Migrants x x x 40,185 19,300 20,885
Internal migrants x x x 33,720 16,055 17,665
Intraprovincial migrants x x x 18,480 8,390 10,090
Interprovincial migrants x x x 15,240 7,665 7,570
External migrants x x x 6,470 3,240 3,225
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181 x x x 866,425 419,580 446,845
Non-movers x x x 582,705 283,125 299,575
Movers x x x 283,720 136,455 147,265
Non-migrants x x x 169,570 81,405 88,165
Migrants x x x 114,150 55,045 59,100
Internal migrants x x x 94,885 45,015 49,860
Intraprovincial migrants x x x 50,330 23,230 27,095
Interprovincial migrants x x x 44,555 21,785 22,770
External migrants x x x 19,270 10,035 9,240

Source

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Zelma, VL [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan and Nova Scotia [Province] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed March 28, 2024).

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