Census Profile, 2016 Census
Calgary, City [Census subdivision], Alberta and Northumberland, County [Census division], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic Calgary, CY
Alberta
[Census subdivision]
Northumberland, CTY
Ontario
[Census division]
Data quality , Calgary, City [Census subdivision], Alberta  Map : Calgary, City [Census subdivision], Alberta
Change geography 1
Data quality : Northumberland, County [Census division], Ontario  Map : geography 2
Change geography 2
Total Male Female Total Male Female
Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1 1,239,220 ... ... 85,598 ... ...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1 1,096,833 ... ... 82,126 ... ...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016 13.0 ... ... 4.2 ... ...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2 489,650 ... ... 39,032 ... ...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3 466,725 ... ... 35,686 ... ...
Population density per square kilometre 1,501.1 ... ... 44.9 ... ...
Land area in square kilometres 825.56 ... ... 1,905.15 ... ...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4 1,239,220 618,245 620,975 85,600 41,985 43,615
0 to 14 years 226,980 116,520 110,460 11,340 5,790 5,550
0 to 4 years 77,985 40,055 37,930 3,335 1,725 1,610
5 to 9 years 79,365 40,865 38,500 3,775 1,915 1,860
10 to 14 years 69,630 35,600 34,030 4,230 2,155 2,080
15 to 64 years 873,835 438,600 435,235 51,995 25,785 26,210
15 to 19 years 69,730 35,750 33,985 4,500 2,345 2,155
20 to 24 years 78,640 39,855 38,785 4,180 2,180 2,005
25 to 29 years 100,140 49,745 50,390 3,670 1,910 1,760
30 to 34 years 109,445 54,705 54,740 3,830 1,935 1,895
35 to 39 years 100,400 49,855 50,540 4,005 2,015 1,995
40 to 44 years 93,405 46,790 46,615 4,420 2,160 2,265
45 to 49 years 87,810 44,415 43,400 5,060 2,480 2,585
50 to 54 years 86,890 43,590 43,295 7,175 3,405 3,775
55 to 59 years 82,265 41,220 41,045 7,635 3,720 3,915
60 to 64 years 65,120 32,675 32,440 7,510 3,650 3,860
65 years and over 138,405 63,120 75,285 22,260 10,400 11,855
65 to 69 years 48,920 23,915 25,005 7,490 3,530 3,955
70 to 74 years 31,590 15,040 16,550 5,385 2,680 2,705
75 to 79 years 22,715 10,220 12,495 3,880 1,865 2,015
80 to 84 years 17,315 7,495 9,820 2,805 1,355 1,450
85 years and over 17,860 6,455 11,410 2,700 970 1,730
85 to 89 years 11,435 4,505 6,930 1,705 705 1,005
90 to 94 years 4,925 1,595 3,335 790 215 570
95 to 99 years 1,335 335 1,000 180 45 140
100 years and over 160 15 145 25 5 15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
0 to 14 years 18.3 18.8 17.8 13.2 13.8 12.7
15 to 64 years 70.5 70.9 70.1 60.7 61.4 60.1
65 years and over 11.2 10.2 12.1 26.0 24.8 27.2
85 years and over 1.4 1.0 1.8 3.2 2.3 4.0
Average age of the population 37.6 37.0 38.2 47.0 46.0 47.9
Median age of the population 36.7 36.2 37.1 51.4 50.3 52.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5 466,725 ... ... 35,685 ... ...
Single-detached house 262,950 ... ... 28,345 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys 32,885 ... ... 730 ... ...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6 168,855 ... ... 6,365 ... ...
Semi-detached house 29,270 ... ... 895 ... ...
Row house 44,675 ... ... 1,675 ... ...
Apartment or flat in a duplex 21,865 ... ... 465 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys 72,850 ... ... 3,215 ... ...
Other single-attached house 200 ... ... 115 ... ...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7 2,030 ... ... 240 ... ...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8 466,725 ... ... 35,685 ... ...
1 person 114,185 ... ... 9,030 ... ...
2 persons 150,820 ... ... 15,245 ... ...
3 persons 78,495 ... ... 5,055 ... ...
4 persons 75,330 ... ... 4,130 ... ...
5 or more persons 47,890 ... ... 2,230 ... ...
Number of persons in private households 1,222,325 ... ... 83,365 ... ...
Average household size 2.6 ... ... 2.3 ... ...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9 1,012,245 501,720 510,520 74,255 36,190 38,070
Married or living common law 596,630 299,175 297,455 46,860 23,575 23,285
Married 506,625 254,030 252,600 38,985 19,635 19,350
Living common law 90,005 45,145 44,860 7,875 3,935 3,935
Not married and not living common law 415,610 202,545 213,065 27,400 12,615 14,785
Never married 293,200 160,610 132,585 14,945 8,210 6,730
Separated 22,285 9,740 12,545 2,365 1,160 1,210
Divorced 62,270 24,270 38,000 4,665 2,015 2,645
Widowed 37,860 7,920 29,935 5,420 1,225 4,195
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10 337,125 ... ... 26,400 ... ...
2 persons 155,535 ... ... 16,045 ... ...
3 persons 75,950 ... ... 4,865 ... ...
4 persons 74,800 ... ... 3,875 ... ...
5 or more persons 30,835 ... ... 1,615 ... ...
Average size of census families 3.0 ... ... 2.7 ... ...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11 337,125 ... ... 26,400 ... ...
Total couple families 289,540 ... ... 22,875 ... ...
Married couples 244,545 ... ... 18,940 ... ...
Common-law couples 44,990 ... ... 3,935 ... ...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent 47,580 ... ... 3,530 ... ...
Female parent 37,090 ... ... 2,720 ... ...
Male parent 10,500 ... ... 805 ... ...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data 289,540 ... ... 22,875 ... ...
Couples without children 126,120 ... ... 13,835 ... ...
Couples with children 163,420 ... ... 9,040 ... ...
1 child 62,440 ... ... 3,875 ... ...
2 children 71,345 ... ... 3,620 ... ...
3 or more children 29,630 ... ... 1,545 ... ...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data 47,585 ... ... 3,530 ... ...
1 child 29,415 ... ... 2,210 ... ...
2 children 13,510 ... ... 995 ... ...
3 or more children 4,660 ... ... 325 ... ...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data 219,585 112,510 107,075 12,585 5,580 7,005
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12 466,725 ... ... 35,690 ... ...
One-census-family households 310,260 ... ... 25,205 ... ...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13 115,180 ... ... 13,320 ... ...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14 195,090 ... ... 11,880 ... ...
Multiple-census-family households 12,935 ... ... 590 ... ...
Non-census-family households 143,525 ... ... 9,885 ... ...
One-person households 114,190 ... ... 9,030 ... ...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households 29,335 ... ... 860 ... ...
Knowledge of official languagesThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15 1,227,995 612,735 615,255 84,195 41,125 43,075
English only 1,108,175 558,845 549,330 78,655 38,665 39,990
French only 1,170 510 660 15 5 10
English and French 89,400 41,380 48,015 5,420 2,405 3,015
Neither English nor French 29,245 11,995 17,250 105 50 60
First official language spokenThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16 1,227,990 612,735 615,260 84,200 41,125 43,075
English 1,172,990 587,775 585,215 82,885 40,490 42,400
French 18,965 9,605 9,365 1,140 550 590
English and French 7,405 3,665 3,740 70 35 35
Neither English nor French 28,630 11,690 16,945 100 50 55
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17 22,670 11,440 11,230 1,175 570 605
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.4
Mother tongueThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18 1,227,990 612,735 615,260 84,195 41,125 43,075
Single responses 1,189,870 594,175 595,695 83,715 40,895 42,820
Official languages 824,965 418,045 406,920 79,785 38,985 40,800
English 806,815 408,850 397,965 78,550 38,405 40,145
French 18,150 9,195 8,955 1,235 575 655
Non-official languages 364,905 176,130 188,775 3,935 1,915 2,020
Aboriginal languages 690 255 440 20 5 10
Algonquian languages 485 185 300 15 5 10
Blackfoot 225 85 135 0 0 0
Cree-Montagnais languages 190 80 115 0 5 0
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Moose Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Plains Cree 50 20 30 0 0 0
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 10 0 5 0 0 0
Woods Cree 10 0 5 0 0 0
Cree, n.o.s. 125 55 70 0 0 0
Eastern Algonquian languages 10 5 0 0 0 0
Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 10 5 0 0 0 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 60 15 45 10 0 10
Algonquin 0 5 0 0 0 0
Ojibway 55 10 45 10 0 5
Oji-Cree 5 0 0 5 0 0
Ottawa (Odawa) 5 0 0 0 5 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 55 20 30 0 0 0
Northern Athabaskan languages 50 20 35 0 0 0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 0 5 0 0 0 0
Chilcotin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dene 15 10 10 5 0 5
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 5 0 0 0
Gwich'in 5 0 0 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) 20 5 10 0 0 0
Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 5 0 5 0 0 0
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 5 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 5 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 5 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 5 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuit languages 20 10 10 0 0 0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuktitut 5 0 0 0 0 0
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 5 0 10 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages 5 0 5 0 0 0
Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 5 0 0 0 5 0
Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kutenai 5 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 10 5 5 0 0 0
Salish languages 5 0 0 0 0 0
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0 0 0
Okanagan 5 0 0 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Squamish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages 95 25 65 0 0 0
Dakota 20 10 15 0 0 0
Stoney 70 20 50 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 0 0 5 0 0 0
Haisla 0 0 0 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 20 10 10 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal languages 364,210 175,875 188,335 3,915 1,905 2,010
Afro-Asiatic languages 28,975 15,200 13,775 70 40 30
Berber languages 135 75 60 0 0 0
Kabyle 60 30 30 0 0 0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 70 45 30 0 0 0
Cushitic languages 2,460 1,225 1,240 5 0 0
Bilen 50 25 20 0 0 0
Oromo 940 485 460 0 0 0
Somali 1,460 705 755 5 0 0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 10 5 5 0 0 0
Semitic languages 26,340 13,875 12,465 65 35 30
Amharic 4,050 1,955 2,090 5 0 0
Arabic 18,390 9,875 8,510 50 25 25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 280 150 130 0 0 0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 80 40 40 0 0 0
Harari 70 40 30 0 0 0
Hebrew 480 240 240 10 5 5
Maltese 30 15 20 5 5 5
Tigrigna 2,750 1,460 1,290 0 0 0
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 210 100 110 0 0 0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 45 30 15 0 0 0
Austro-Asiatic languages 13,400 6,260 7,140 15 5 10
Khmer (Cambodian) 840 400 435 0 0 0
Vietnamese 12,550 5,855 6,695 20 5 15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 10 0 5 0 0 0
Austronesian languages 46,440 20,160 26,280 155 40 115
Bikol 190 80 105 5 0 0
Cebuano 1,930 825 1,105 5 0 0
Fijian 40 20 15 0 0 0
Hiligaynon 665 260 400 0 0 0
Ilocano 2,545 1,110 1,435 10 5 10
Malagasy 25 10 15 0 0 0
Malay 765 330 430 0 0 0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 260 130 130 0 0 0
Pangasinan 125 50 75 0 0 0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 39,285 17,065 22,215 130 35 100
Waray-Waray 140 70 75 0 0 0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 470 195 275 5 5 0
Creole languages 605 305 300 5 0 0
Haitian Creole 15 10 5 0 0 0
Creole, n.o.s. 410 205 210 0 0 5
Creole languages, n.i.e. 180 95 85 5 0 0
Dravidian languages 5,145 2,675 2,470 30 20 10
Kannada 285 140 145 0 0 0
Malayalam 2,085 1,075 1,015 10 5 5
Tamil 1,815 960 855 25 15 10
Telugu 930 495 435 0 0 0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 25 10 15 0 0 0
Hmong-Mien languages 90 45 45 0 0 0
Indo-European languages 175,540 86,895 88,640 3,015 1,515 1,495
Albanian 1,325 700 625 5 5 5
Armenian 245 125 120 20 15 5
Balto-Slavic languages 29,595 13,845 15,750 620 300 320
Baltic languages 495 230 265 30 10 15
Latvian 170 75 90 15 5 10
Lithuanian 325 155 170 15 10 5
Slavic languages 29,105 13,615 15,485 595 285 305
Belarusan 20 10 10 5 0 0
Bosnian 780 390 395 0 0 0
Bulgarian 925 475 450 15 10 0
Croatian 1,890 930 960 25 15 10
Czech 1,360 640 725 50 25 25
Macedonian 150 75 75 20 15 5
Polish 7,680 3,610 4,065 250 115 135
Russian 9,255 4,185 5,070 55 25 30
Serbian 1,815 910 905 15 10 5
Serbo-Croatian 515 245 265 5 0 5
Slovak 1,075 520 555 20 10 10
Slovene (Slovenian) 235 105 135 35 20 15
Ukrainian 3,345 1,485 1,860 95 40 50
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 50 30 25 5 5 5
Celtic languages 115 60 60 10 5 10
Scottish Gaelic 50 20 25 5 0 0
Welsh 55 30 25 5 5 5
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 15 10 10 0 0 0
Germanic languages 15,660 7,500 8,155 1,410 690 720
Afrikaans 800 395 405 10 5 10
Danish 750 385 370 55 30 25
Dutch 3,435 1,720 1,720 580 285 295
Frisian 30 15 15 25 10 10
German 9,895 4,655 5,245 690 330 365
Icelandic 60 35 30 5 5 0
Norwegian 225 90 130 5 0 5
Swedish 275 125 155 15 5 5
Vlaams (Flemish) 90 45 50 25 10 15
Yiddish 80 40 45 5 5 0
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 5 10 0 0 0 0
Greek 1,470 735 735 115 65 55
Indo-Iranian languages 87,130 44,155 42,975 185 100 85
Indo-Aryan languages 74,315 37,490 36,825 125 65 60
Bengali 4,070 2,080 1,985 15 10 5
Gujarati 5,390 2,715 2,675 25 15 10
Hindi 7,050 3,595 3,455 10 5 0
Kashmiri 80 45 40 0 0 0
Konkani 165 85 85 5 0 5
Marathi 845 435 410 0 5 0
Nepali 1,925 1,010 915 0 0 0
Oriya (Odia) 100 50 45 0 0 0
Punjabi (Panjabi) 35,780 18,020 17,760 45 25 20
Sindhi 1,675 785 890 5 5 5
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 925 450 470 5 0 5
Urdu 16,320 8,220 8,095 15 5 10
Iranian languages 11,875 6,170 5,705 55 30 25
Kurdish 740 395 345 0 0 0
Pashto 1,610 825 785 0 0 0
Persian (Farsi) 9,525 4,955 4,570 55 30 20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 935 490 445 0 0 0
Italic (Romance) languages 39,990 19,765 20,225 645 340 300
Catalan 45 15 30 0 0 0
Italian 5,000 2,550 2,455 300 175 125
Portuguese 3,360 1,600 1,760 125 70 60
Romanian 4,495 2,285 2,210 15 5 10
Spanish 27,075 13,310 13,765 200 95 105
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 10 5 5 0 0 0
Japanese 2,310 815 1,495 20 5 15
Kartvelian languages 130 70 55 0 0 0
Georgian 125 70 55 0 0 0
Korean 8,880 4,110 4,770 130 60 70
Mongolic languages 450 210 240 0 0 0
Mongolian 450 210 240 0 0 0
Niger-Congo languages 5,580 2,865 2,720 10 5 5
Akan (Twi) 640 335 305 0 5 0
Bamanankan 10 5 5 0 0 0
Edo 100 65 40 0 0 0
Ewe 60 35 25 0 0 0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 80 45 35 0 0 0
Ga 55 30 25 0 0 0
Ganda 40 20 20 0 0 0
Igbo 680 365 320 0 0 0
Lingala 85 35 45 0 0 0
Rundi (Kirundi) 140 70 75 0 0 0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 115 60 60 0 0 0
Shona 290 145 145 0 0 0
Swahili 760 370 390 0 0 0
Wolof 120 65 55 0 0 0
Yoruba 1,375 720 650 5 0 5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 1,040 515 525 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages 1,495 735 755 0 0 0
Dinka 720 360 360 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 770 375 395 0 0 0
Sign languages 235 130 105 15 5 10
American Sign Language 85 45 45 10 5 5
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sign languages, n.i.e 150 90 60 5 0 5
Sino-Tibetan languages 68,130 32,075 36,060 195 90 110
Chinese languages 66,895 31,460 35,430 200 85 110
Cantonese 33,700 15,840 17,865 75 30 45
Hakka 340 155 190 0 0 0
Mandarin 28,355 13,370 14,985 80 40 45
Min Dong 45 20 25 0 0 0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 1,675 745 925 10 5 5
Wu (Shanghainese) 370 170 195 0 0 5
Chinese, n.o.s. 2,400 1,155 1,245 30 15 15
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 10 5 10 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages 1,240 610 620 0 0 0
Burmese 260 135 130 0 0 0
Karenic languages 280 130 150 0 0 0
Tibetan 545 280 270 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 145 65 80 0 0 0
Tai-Kadai languages 1,005 365 640 20 5 15
Lao 430 200 235 0 0 0
Thai 565 165 400 15 5 10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 5 5 5 0 0 0
Turkic languages 1,725 945 775 15 10 10
Azerbaijani 240 135 105 0 0 0
Turkish 1,210 685 525 10 10 5
Uyghur 60 25 30 0 0 0
Uzbek 70 35 40 0 0 0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 140 60 75 0 0 0
Uralic languages 3,760 1,810 1,950 235 110 120
Estonian 85 45 45 30 15 15
Finnish 280 105 170 60 25 35
Hungarian 3,395 1,655 1,735 140 75 65
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 320 195 130 0 0 0
Multiple responses 38,125 18,560 19,560 480 225 250
English and French 3,195 1,530 1,670 165 65 95
English and non-official language 33,170 16,195 16,975 295 145 145
French and non-official language 1,005 510 490 15 5 10
English, French and non-official language 750 320 430 10 5 5
Language spoken most often at homeThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19 1,227,990 612,735 615,255 84,195 41,120 43,075
Single responses 1,145,000 572,180 572,820 83,550 40,810 42,735
Official languages 932,600 468,485 464,115 82,675 40,380 42,305
English 924,945 464,585 460,360 82,415 40,235 42,175
French 7,650 3,905 3,750 265 140 125
Non-official languages 212,405 103,695 108,710 870 435 435
Aboriginal languages 185 90 95 5 5 0
Algonquian languages 125 65 60 5 0 5
Blackfoot 60 30 30 0 0 0
Cree-Montagnais languages 60 30 25 0 0 0
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) 5 0 0 0 0 0
Moose Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Plains Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Woods Cree 5 0 5 0 0 0
Cree, n.o.s. 55 30 25 0 0 0
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 5 0 5 5 5 0
Algonquin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ojibway 5 0 5 5 0 0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 15 5 10 0 0 0
Northern Athabaskan languages 15 5 10 0 0 0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chilcotin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dene 5 0 5 0 0 0
Dogrib (Tlicho) 5 0 0 0 0 0
Gwich'in 5 5 0 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) 5 5 5 0 0 0
Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuit languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuktitut 0 0 5 0 0 0
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 5 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 5 0 0
Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0 5 5 0
Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kutenai 0 0 5 0 0 0
Michif 5 5 5 0 0 0
Salish languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0 0 0
Okanagan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Squamish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages 25 10 15 0 0 0
Dakota 15 0 5 0 0 0
Stoney 15 10 5 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haisla 0 0 0 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 10 5 5 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal languages 212,220 103,610 108,615 870 430 435
Afro-Asiatic languages 17,955 9,170 8,785 20 5 15
Berber languages 60 35 25 0 0 0
Kabyle 25 15 10 0 0 0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 30 20 15 0 0 0
Cushitic languages 1,640 800 845 0 0 0
Bilen 50 25 25 0 0 0
Oromo 705 345 350 0 0 0
Somali 890 425 465 0 0 0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 5 0 5 0 0 0
Semitic languages 16,240 8,325 7,910 20 10 10
Amharic 2,705 1,295 1,405 0 0 0
Arabic 10,795 5,585 5,200 20 5 10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 195 95 95 0 0 0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 70 35 30 0 0 0
Harari 45 25 25 0 0 0
Hebrew 240 120 120 0 0 0
Maltese 5 0 5 0 0 0
Tigrigna 2,045 1,085 955 0 0 0
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 145 70 75 0 0 0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 15 10 5 0 0 0
Austro-Asiatic languages 8,780 4,135 4,645 10 5 5
Khmer (Cambodian) 430 210 215 0 0 0
Vietnamese 8,350 3,920 4,425 10 5 5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 5 0 0 0
Austronesian languages 24,830 11,580 13,255 40 20 25
Bikol 30 15 20 0 0 0
Cebuano 820 385 430 0 0 0
Fijian 15 10 5 0 0 0
Hiligaynon 205 90 110 0 0 0
Ilocano 1,020 475 545 5 5 5
Malagasy 15 5 10 0 0 0
Malay 230 125 105 0 0 0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 65 30 35 0 0 0
Pangasinan 20 5 10 0 0 0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 22,235 10,355 11,880 40 20 20
Waray-Waray 50 25 25 0 0 0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 145 60 85 0 0 0
Creole languages 280 145 140 0 0 0
Haitian Creole 5 0 0 0 0 0
Creole, n.o.s. 210 110 110 5 0 5
Creole languages, n.i.e. 65 35 30 0 0 0
Dravidian languages 3,120 1,590 1,535 10 5 0
Kannada 115 60 55 0 0 0
Malayalam 1,280 650 630 0 0 0
Tamil 1,160 585 570 10 10 5
Telugu 550 285 265 0 0 0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 20 10 10 0 0 0
Hmong-Mien languages 55 25 30 0 0 0
Indo-European languages 97,370 48,430 48,940 495 250 245
Albanian 610 330 285 5 0 0
Armenian 105 50 55 5 5 5
Balto-Slavic languages 13,305 6,505 6,800 130 75 60
Baltic languages 230 120 110 0 0 0
Latvian 75 45 35 0 0 0
Lithuanian 150 80 70 0 0 0
Slavic languages 13,075 6,385 6,695 130 70 60
Belarusan 5 0 0 5 0 0
Bosnian 350 175 175 0 0 0
Bulgarian 470 240 230 5 5 5
Croatian 675 335 345 5 0 5
Czech 395 190 200 10 5 5
Macedonian 80 35 40 10 5 5
Polish 3,130 1,515 1,615 60 30 30
Russian 5,645 2,730 2,915 20 10 10
Serbian 930 455 470 0 0 0
Serbo-Croatian 175 90 90 0 0 0
Slovak 420 205 210 5 5 0
Slovene (Slovenian) 35 15 25 5 5 5
Ukrainian 760 385 370 10 5 5
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 5 5 5 0 0 0
Celtic languages 15 10 5 5 0 0
Scottish Gaelic 5 5 0 0 0 0
Welsh 5 0 5 0 5 5
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 5 5 0 0 0 0
Germanic languages 2,050 965 1,090 90 50 45
Afrikaans 405 195 215 10 5 5
Danish 60 25 30 5 5 0
Dutch 395 195 200 25 15 10
Frisian 5 0 0 0 0 0
German 1,075 505 580 55 30 25
Icelandic 15 10 5 0 0 0
Norwegian 25 10 15 5 0 0
Swedish 50 20 25 5 0 5
Vlaams (Flemish) 10 5 5 0 0 0
Yiddish 10 5 5 0 0 0
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 5 0 0 0 0 0
Greek 475 225 255 30 15 15
Indo-Iranian languages 58,850 29,535 29,315 90 50 45
Indo-Aryan languages 50,505 25,335 25,170 50 25 25
Bengali 2,715 1,360 1,355 5 5 5
Gujarati 3,055 1,530 1,525 0 0 0
Hindi 3,980 2,050 1,930 5 0 5
Kashmiri 45 25 25 0 0 0
Konkani 35 15 15 0 0 0
Marathi 445 225 215 0 0 0
Nepali 1,330 685 645 5 0 0
Oriya (Odia) 50 25 20 0 0 0
Punjabi (Panjabi) 26,985 13,525 13,460 20 10 10
Sindhi 720 320 405 0 0 0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 470 235 240 0 0 0
Urdu 10,685 5,345 5,345 5 5 0
Iranian languages 7,855 3,950 3,905 45 25 20
Kurdish 450 230 220 5 0 0
Pashto 1,030 520 505 0 0 0
Persian (Farsi) 6,375 3,195 3,175 40 25 20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 490 250 240 0 0 0
Italic (Romance) languages 21,950 10,805 11,145 135 65 70
Catalan 20 10 15 0 0 0
Italian 1,215 535 680 45 20 25
Portuguese 1,645 790 855 10 5 10
Romanian 2,330 1,195 1,135 5 0 5
Spanish 16,740 8,270 8,470 75 40 35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Japanese 1,070 470 600 5 5 0
Kartvelian languages 80 45 35 0 0 0
Georgian 80 45 35 0 0 0
Korean 6,340 3,015 3,325 110 50 60
Mongolic languages 280 130 145 0 0 0
Mongolian 280 130 145 0 0 0
Niger-Congo languages 1,745 840 905 0 0 0
Akan (Twi) 300 155 145 0 0 5
Bamanankan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Edo 25 10 15 0 0 0
Ewe 15 5 5 0 0 0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 45 20 20 0 0 0
Ga 15 10 5 0 0 0
Ganda 0 0 0 0 0 0
Igbo 130 65 70 0 0 0
Lingala 25 5 20 0 0 0
Rundi (Kirundi) 65 30 30 0 0 0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 25 10 15 0 0 0
Shona 95 40 55 0 0 0
Swahili 340 150 185 0 0 0
Wolof 65 35 30 0 0 0
Yoruba 330 160 170 0 0 5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 265 130 140 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages 900 435 465 0 0 0
Dinka 440 215 225 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 460 220 240 0 0 0
Sign languages 315 180 135 20 10 10
American Sign Language 80 40 40 10 5 5
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sign languages, n.i.e 235 140 95 10 5 5
Sino-Tibetan languages 46,320 22,040 24,280 105 55 50
Chinese languages 45,440 21,595 23,845 105 55 50
Cantonese 22,030 10,280 11,750 35 15 25
Hakka 100 35 65 0 0 0
Mandarin 20,880 10,115 10,765 65 40 30
Min Dong 5 5 5 0 0 0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 670 295 380 0 0 0
Wu (Shanghainese) 210 105 100 0 0 0
Chinese, n.o.s. 1,550 770 785 5 5 0
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 5 5 0 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages 875 440 440 0 0 0
Burmese 175 85 85 0 0 0
Karenic languages 235 105 125 0 0 0
Tibetan 400 210 190 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 75 35 35 0 0 0
Tai-Kadai languages 380 170 215 0 0 0
Lao 175 80 95 0 0 0
Thai 195 85 115 0 0 0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 5 5 5 0 0 0
Turkic languages 975 515 465 5 5 5
Azerbaijani 105 55 45 0 0 0
Turkish 730 390 345 5 0 5
Uyghur 40 20 25 0 0 0
Uzbek 55 25 30 0 0 0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 45 25 25 0 0 0
Uralic languages 1,300 635 660 40 20 15
Estonian 15 5 10 5 0 0
Finnish 35 20 15 5 0 0
Hungarian 1,245 610 635 30 20 15
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 115 70 45 0 0 0
Multiple responses 82,990 40,555 42,435 645 305 335
English and French 2,155 1,080 1,075 75 35 45
English and non-official language 79,255 38,725 40,530 555 270 285
French and non-official language 365 180 190 0 0 5
English, French and non-official language 1,210 570 645 15 10 5
Other language spoken regularly at homeThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20 1,227,990 612,735 615,260 84,195 41,120 43,075
None 1,014,475 509,200 505,275 81,580 39,915 41,660
English 92,865 46,230 46,640 475 245 225
French 11,900 5,445 6,460 800 365 435
Non-official language 104,880 49,940 54,940 1,310 575 730
Aboriginal 605 235 370 35 15 20
Non-Aboriginal 104,275 49,700 54,570 1,275 565 710
English and French 645 325 320 0 0 0
English and non-official language 2,065 1,050 1,015 0 0 0
French and non-official language 1,135 540 600 30 15 15
English, French and non-official language 35 15 15 0 0 0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21 996,060 494,565 501,495 72,040 35,025 37,015
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 945,615 469,550 476,070 69,570 33,890 35,685
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 43,333 52,567 35,523 33,927 41,992 27,474
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 945,805 469,600 476,200 69,605 33,890 35,715
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 38,526 45,397 32,360 30,803 37,293 25,289
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 884,260 449,220 435,035 62,570 31,115 31,455
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 43,209 52,402 34,920 30,061 38,514 23,062
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 544,200 215,790 328,410 52,335 23,995 28,340
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 2,946 1,859 3,371 8,682 8,708 8,652
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 770,235 400,100 370,135 47,435 24,885 22,545
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 43,651 52,203 36,026 29,238 34,659 25,031
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22 996,120 494,600 501,525 72,040 35,025 37,015
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 946,230 469,750 476,475 69,480 33,870 35,610
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 67,741 85,451 50,281 44,337 53,166 35,940
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 946,390 469,800 476,590 69,520 33,875 35,645
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 53,891 66,207 41,751 37,222 43,764 31,005
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 884,545 449,360 435,190 62,560 31,100 31,460
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 68,494 86,269 50,141 41,558 50,899 32,325
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 544,120 215,640 328,475 52,260 23,915 28,345
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 6,455 6,376 6,506 9,201 9,112 9,275
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 770,370 400,145 370,220 47,435 24,810 22,620
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 64,566 79,599 48,317 39,636 45,470 33,237
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23 996,115 494,600 501,520 72,040 35,025 37,015
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24 361,435 205,885 155,550 21,690 12,365 9,320
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25 65,915 73,266 57,818 50,282 57,229 42,683
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26 89,570 103,761 70,786 59,623 66,400 50,630
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28 94.6 96.6 91.2 84.4 87.8 79.5
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29 77.3 79.2 74.1 61.1 63.2 58.2
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30 5.4 3.4 8.8 15.6 12.2 20.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31 996,060 494,560 501,495 72,040 35,025 37,015
Without total income 50,440 25,010 25,425 2,465 1,140 1,330
With total income 945,615 469,550 476,070 69,570 33,885 35,685
Percentage with total income 94.9 94.9 94.9 96.6 96.7 96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss) 123,490 48,715 74,780 8,805 3,480 5,325
$10,000 to $19,999 118,360 47,940 70,420 12,245 4,560 7,680
$20,000 to $29,999 107,775 43,800 63,980 10,335 4,115 6,220
$30,000 to $39,999 92,335 41,430 50,905 8,700 3,960 4,735
$40,000 to $49,999 88,770 42,425 46,340 7,660 3,990 3,670
$50,000 to $59,999 76,030 38,275 37,750 5,755 3,270 2,485
$60,000 to $69,999 62,505 33,360 29,145 4,135 2,560 1,575
$70,000 to $79,999 50,165 28,230 21,930 2,985 1,920 1,065
$80,000 to $89,999 40,150 23,135 17,015 2,240 1,425 810
$90,000 to $99,999 34,095 19,475 14,620 1,990 1,195 800
$100,000 and over 151,945 102,765 49,180 4,715 3,400 1,315
$100,000 to $149,999 83,680 52,265 31,415 3,330 2,350 980
$150,000 and over 68,265 50,500 17,770 1,390 1,055 335
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32 996,060 494,565 501,495 72,040 35,025 37,015
Without after-tax income 50,250 24,960 25,290 2,435 1,135 1,295
With after-tax income 945,805 469,600 476,200 69,605 33,890 35,715
Percentage with after-tax income 95.0 95.0 95.0 96.6 96.8 96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss) 126,445 49,655 76,795 9,285 3,550 5,740
$10,000 to $19,999 123,495 50,260 73,235 12,815 4,800 8,015
$20,000 to $29,999 124,575 51,395 73,180 11,900 4,915 6,985
$30,000 to $39,999 115,600 53,865 61,730 10,490 5,060 5,430
$40,000 to $49,999 107,305 53,480 53,820 8,215 4,520 3,695
$50,000 to $59,999 83,880 44,665 39,215 5,555 3,435 2,125
$60,000 to $69,999 62,925 35,635 27,290 3,745 2,445 1,305
$70,000 to $79,999 47,940 27,740 20,200 2,790 1,750 1,040
$80,000 and over 153,640 102,905 50,740 4,805 3,420 1,390
$80,000 to $89,999 36,175 21,090 15,085 1,725 1,115 610
$90,000 to $99,999 24,895 15,460 9,435 975 690 285
$100,000 and over 92,575 66,355 26,220 2,105 1,610 490
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33 996,060 494,560 501,495 72,040 35,025 37,015
Without employment income 225,825 94,465 131,365 24,605 10,140 14,465
With employment income 770,235 400,100 370,135 47,435 24,885 22,550
Percentage with employment income 77.3 80.9 73.8 65.8 71.0 60.9
Under $5,000 (including loss) 80,405 36,480 43,935 8,890 4,870 4,025
$5,000 to $9,999 49,695 21,210 28,490 4,010 1,805 2,205
$10,000 to $19,999 84,830 36,960 47,870 6,130 2,625 3,500
$20,000 to $29,999 73,285 31,745 41,545 5,095 2,125 2,970
$30,000 to $39,999 70,585 32,870 37,715 4,945 2,145 2,800
$40,000 to $49,999 69,295 33,670 35,620 4,140 2,080 2,060
$50,000 to $59,999 60,915 30,840 30,075 3,295 1,900 1,395
$60,000 to $69,999 50,390 27,590 22,795 2,370 1,520 850
$70,000 to $79,999 41,340 23,475 17,870 2,015 1,300 720
$80,000 and over 189,485 125,275 64,215 6,550 4,525 2,025
$80,000 to $89,999 33,865 19,910 13,955 1,575 1,015 560
$90,000 to $99,999 29,740 17,070 12,665 1,625 945 685
$100,000 and over 125,885 88,300 37,590 3,350 2,575 775
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34 466,725 ... ... 35,685 ... ...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($) 97,334 ... ... 70,208 ... ...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($) 83,074 ... ... 62,187 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data 114,185 ... ... 9,030 ... ...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 52,342 ... ... 34,747 ... ...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 44,659 ... ... 31,541 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data 352,535 ... ... 26,655 ... ...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 115,403 ... ... 83,490 ... ...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 98,205 ... ... 73,544 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35 466,740 ... ... 35,690 ... ...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($) 137,333 ... ... 86,327 ... ...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($) 109,274 ... ... 72,509 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data 114,230 ... ... 9,010 ... ...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 71,392 ... ... 45,135 ... ...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 56,974 ... ... 38,126 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data 352,510 ... ... 26,675 ... ...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 158,700 ... ... 100,238 ... ...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 126,221 ... ... 84,121 ... ...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36 466,725 ... ... 35,685 ... ...
Under $5,000 7,100 ... ... 365 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 4,365 ... ... 315 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 5,260 ... ... 855 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 9,365 ... ... 1,165 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 13,750 ... ... 1,480 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 10,680 ... ... 1,325 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 11,875 ... ... 1,520 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 12,920 ... ... 1,630 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 13,220 ... ... 1,695 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 13,585 ... ... 1,570 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 28,325 ... ... 2,990 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 28,785 ... ... 2,860 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 27,960 ... ... 2,720 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 27,130 ... ... 2,400 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 25,690 ... ... 2,105 ... ...
$100,000 and over 226,710 ... ... 10,675 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 55,750 ... ... 3,915 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 42,560 ... ... 2,490 ... ...
$150,000 to $199,999 54,985 ... ... 2,505 ... ...
$200,000 and over 73,410 ... ... 1,765 ... ...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32 466,725 ... ... 35,685 ... ...
Under $5,000 7,680 ... ... 395 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 4,435 ... ... 335 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 5,445 ... ... 860 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 9,785 ... ... 1,220 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 14,760 ... ... 1,670 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 12,320 ... ... 1,495 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 14,280 ... ... 1,795 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 15,685 ... ... 1,935 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 16,750 ... ... 1,910 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 17,600 ... ... 1,905 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 35,505 ... ... 3,575 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 35,045 ... ... 3,415 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 33,935 ... ... 3,095 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 31,940 ... ... 2,505 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 28,545 ... ... 2,055 ... ...
$100,000 and over 183,020 ... ... 7,515 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 57,420 ... ... 3,445 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 40,215 ... ... 1,870 ... ...
$150,000 and over 85,380 ... ... 2,195 ... ...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37 331,360 ... ... 26,045 ... ...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($) 113,975 ... ... 83,354 ... ...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($) 96,963 ... ... 73,343 ... ...
Average family size of economic families 3.1 ... ... 2.8 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data 113,295 ... ... 12,995 ... ...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 106,976 ... ... 75,655 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 90,329 ... ... 66,855 ... ...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data 163,305 ... ... 9,165 ... ...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 135,376 ... ... 110,190 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 114,195 ... ... 94,843 ... ...
Average family size of couple economic families with children 4.1 ... ... 3.9 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data 43,290 ... ... 3,215 ... ...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 67,076 ... ... 50,932 ... ...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 60,299 ... ... 47,449 ... ...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families 2.6 ... ... 2.6 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38 331,360 ... ... 26,060 ... ...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($) 159,323 ... ... 99,965 ... ...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($) 126,269 ... ... 83,849 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data 113,280 ... ... 12,985 ... ...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 154,614 ... ... 89,711 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 121,663 ... ... 75,490 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data 163,395 ... ... 9,155 ... ...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 183,534 ... ... 128,273 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 144,540 ... ... 106,164 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data 42,935 ... ... 3,220 ... ...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 88,790 ... ... 59,211 ... ...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 74,688 ... ... 52,479 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21 187,270 98,085 89,180 11,055 4,955 6,095
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39 44,339 47,217 41,240 32,691 36,215 30,099
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39 38,945 40,894 36,765 29,839 32,171 28,077
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40 186,880 98,015 88,865 11,030 5,015 6,015
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41 60,494 65,469 55,006 43,112 45,496 41,124
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41 49,024 52,251 45,465 36,484 37,649 35,512
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42 1,222,325 610,570 611,755 83,365 40,810 42,555
In the bottom half of the distribution 453,645 221,015 232,630 40,630 19,250 21,380
In the bottom decile 90,080 44,995 45,085 6,200 2,950 3,250
In the second decile 80,640 37,540 43,105 7,945 3,460 4,485
In the third decile 87,230 41,835 45,390 8,255 3,900 4,355
In the fourth decile 93,300 45,835 47,460 9,045 4,380 4,670
In the fifth decile 102,395 50,805 51,590 9,185 4,560 4,630
In the top half of the distribution 768,680 389,560 379,125 42,730 21,560 21,170
In the sixth decile 109,200 54,675 54,525 9,335 4,665 4,670
In the seventh decile 117,280 58,930 58,350 9,395 4,680 4,715
In the eighth decile 130,300 65,880 64,420 8,710 4,390 4,315
In the ninth decile 156,320 78,930 77,390 8,700 4,405 4,295
In the top decile 255,580 131,145 124,435 6,600 3,420 3,175
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43 1,222,325 610,575 611,755 82,865 40,560 42,310
0 to 17 years 267,250 137,070 130,175 13,925 7,140 6,785
0 to 5 years 93,505 47,960 45,550 4,020 2,055 1,965
18 to 64 years 827,250 413,850 413,395 48,210 23,540 24,660
65 years and over 127,825 59,645 68,180 20,740 9,870 10,865
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) 113,505 54,495 59,010 9,590 4,340 5,250
0 to 17 years 34,415 17,720 16,695 2,160 1,105 1,055
0 to 5 years 12,405 6,375 6,030 635 310 330
18 to 64 years 68,340 32,690 35,650 5,550 2,510 3,040
65 years and over 10,750 4,085 6,665 1,875 720 1,155
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%) 9.3 8.9 9.6 11.6 10.7 12.4
0 to 17 years (%) 12.9 12.9 12.8 15.5 15.5 15.5
0 to 5 years (%) 13.3 13.3 13.2 15.8 15.1 16.8
18 to 64 years (%) 8.3 7.9 8.6 11.5 10.7 12.3
65 years and over (%) 8.4 6.8 9.8 9.0 7.3 10.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) 106,240 52,725 53,510 3,455 1,675 1,775
0 to 17 years 28,440 14,665 13,775 670 360 310
0 to 5 years 10,190 5,245 4,945 185 90 100
18 to 64 years 71,435 35,475 35,960 2,520 1,215 1,310
65 years and over 6,365 2,590 3,780 260 105 155
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%) 8.7 8.6 8.7 4.2 4.1 4.2
0 to 17 years (%) 10.6 10.7 10.6 4.8 5.0 4.6
0 to 5 years (%) 10.9 10.9 10.9 4.6 4.4 5.1
18 to 64 years (%) 8.6 8.6 8.7 5.2 5.2 5.3
65 years and over (%) 5.0 4.3 5.5 1.3 1.1 1.4
Knowledge of languagesThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44 1,222,405 610,605 611,800 83,365 40,810 42,555
Official languages 1,193,310 598,385 594,930 83,265 40,760 42,505
English 1,192,105 597,855 594,250 83,240 40,750 42,485
French 90,250 41,750 48,490 5,385 2,400 2,990
Non-official languages 460,425 223,355 237,065 5,055 2,355 2,705
Aboriginal languages 1,140 445 700 60 20 40
Algonquian languages 820 320 500 50 10 35
Blackfoot 340 115 220 0 0 0
Cree-Montagnais languages 395 170 225 10 0 0
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Moose Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern East Cree 0 10 0 0 0 0
Plains Cree 90 35 55 0 0 0
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 15 0 10 0 0 0
Woods Cree 55 15 40 0 0 0
Cree, n.o.s. 235 110 115 0 10 0
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 105 40 60 45 10 35
Algonquin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ojibway 90 35 55 40 10 35
Oji-Cree 10 0 10 0 0 0
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 10 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 130 55 75 0 0 0
Northern Athabaskan languages 125 55 70 0 0 0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chilcotin 10 10 10 0 0 0
Dene 20 10 10 0 0 0
Dogrib (Tlicho) 10 0 0 0 0 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) 85 40 50 0 0 0
Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 10 0 0 0 0
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 10 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuit languages 35 15 20 0 0 0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 25 10 10 0 0 0
Inuktitut 10 10 0 0 0 0
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 10 0 10 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages 10 0 0 0 10 10
Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 10 10 0 10 10 0
Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kutenai 0 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 20 10 20 0 0 0
Salish languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0 0 0
Okanagan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 10 0 0 0 0 0
Squamish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 10 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages 115 30 90 0 0 0
Dakota 65 25 35 0 0 0
Stoney 80 20 65 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 10 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 10 10 10 0 0 0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 15 10 10 0 0 0
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 10 0 0 0 0 0
Haisla 0 0 0 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 15 10 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal languages 459,295 222,920 236,375 5,005 2,335 2,670
Afro-Asiatic languages 40,620 21,290 19,330 85 45 40
Berber languages 200 140 60 0 0 0
Kabyle 110 60 45 0 0 0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 90 80 10 0 0 0
Cushitic languages 3,580 1,825 1,760 0 0 0
Bilen 65 40 25 0 0 0
Oromo 1,370 715 655 0 0 0
Somali 2,175 1,085 1,090 0 0 0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 30 10 20 0 0 0
Semitic languages 37,460 19,700 17,760 85 40 40
Amharic 5,740 2,905 2,835 0 0 0
Arabic 27,555 14,645 12,905 50 25 25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 300 145 155 0 0 0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 90 45 50 0 0 0
Harari 100 50 45 0 0 0
Hebrew 1,550 745 810 10 0 0
Maltese 30 20 15 20 10 15
Tigrigna 3,555 1,925 1,630 0 0 10
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 245 135 110 0 0 0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 160 90 65 0 0 0
Austro-Asiatic languages 17,275 8,245 9,035 15 10 10
Khmer (Cambodian) 1,140 620 520 0 0 0
Vietnamese 16,190 7,650 8,540 15 10 10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Austronesian languages 58,445 25,225 33,215 170 45 130
Bikol 165 70 100 0 0 0
Cebuano 2,675 1,205 1,475 10 0 10
Fijian 120 65 50 0 0 0
Hiligaynon 920 365 560 0 0 0
Ilocano 3,640 1,580 2,065 10 0 10
Malagasy 45 15 25 0 0 0
Malay 1,440 675 765 20 10 10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 415 205 210 0 0 0
Pangasinan 205 80 120 0 0 0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 55,265 23,695 31,570 155 40 115
Waray-Waray 190 70 115 0 0 0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 555 230 320 0 0 0
Creole languages 1,665 820 845 30 25 0
Haitian Creole 35 20 15 0 0 0
Creole, n.o.s. 1,070 535 540 0 0 0
Creole languages, n.i.e. 565 270 295 25 20 10
Dravidian languages 7,040 3,690 3,355 55 35 20
Kannada 530 270 270 0 0 0
Malayalam 2,475 1,305 1,170 0 0 10
Tamil 3,165 1,655 1,505 50 25 20
Telugu 1,290 675 615 0 0 0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 70 35 35 0 0 0
Hmong-Mien languages 85 40 40 0 0 0
Indo-European languages 231,885 115,155 116,730 3,900 1,880 2,020
Albanian 1,680 885 795 0 0 0
Armenian 295 165 130 20 0 10
Balto-Slavic languages 34,560 16,785 17,780 660 330 330
Baltic languages 585 280 310 25 10 15
Latvian 230 110 115 15 0 10
Lithuanian 355 165 195 10 0 0
Slavic languages 34,195 16,615 17,580 630 320 310
Belarusan 70 30 40 0 0 0
Bosnian 1,230 655 575 0 0 0
Bulgarian 1,075 575 500 10 10 0
Croatian 2,515 1,245 1,275 30 20 10
Czech 1,620 770 855 60 35 25
Macedonian 270 145 120 20 15 0
Polish 8,920 4,255 4,660 290 145 150
Russian 13,255 6,395 6,860 90 40 50
Serbian 2,305 1,140 1,160 10 0 0
Serbo-Croatian 570 305 260 0 0 0
Slovak 1,460 800 655 10 10 10
Slovene (Slovenian) 285 130 150 20 10 15
Ukrainian 4,455 2,020 2,440 105 45 55
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 60 30 30 0 0 0
Celtic languages 440 210 235 20 10 15
Scottish Gaelic 165 75 90 10 10 10
Welsh 90 50 35 0 0 0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 190 75 115 10 0 10
Germanic languages 24,095 11,910 12,185 1,555 715 840
Afrikaans 1,650 890 755 20 10 15
Danish 930 445 490 40 15 25
Dutch 4,235 2,085 2,150 595 260 330
Frisian 55 25 30 20 25 0
German 16,720 8,360 8,360 875 410 465
Icelandic 80 40 40 0 10 0
Norwegian 450 175 280 0 0 0
Swedish 600 280 320 15 10 10
Vlaams (Flemish) 110 60 50 15 10 10
Yiddish 175 95 80 0 0 0
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 60 20 40 0 0 0
Greek 2,310 1,165 1,145 175 100 75
Indo-Iranian languages 108,445 55,085 53,365 255 150 105
Indo-Aryan languages 96,045 48,500 47,545 215 135 80
Bengali 4,990 2,500 2,485 30 10 15
Gujarati 8,355 4,065 4,290 65 45 25
Hindi 28,410 14,550 13,855 110 85 30
Kashmiri 60 45 20 0 0 0
Konkani 375 195 180 0 10 0
Marathi 1,545 800 740 0 0 0
Nepali 2,215 1,225 990 0 0 0
Oriya (Odia) 150 70 75 0 0 0
Punjabi (Panjabi) 47,135 23,930 23,205 50 30 15
Sindhi 2,630 1,160 1,475 0 0 0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 1,355 680 685 15 10 0
Urdu 24,965 12,745 12,225 65 40 30
Iranian languages 13,280 6,975 6,310 45 15 25
Kurdish 950 525 430 10 0 10
Pashto 2,160 1,165 995 10 0 10
Persian (Farsi) 10,520 5,530 4,995 45 15 25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 1,135 615 525 0 0 0
Italic (Romance) languages 65,745 31,920 33,825 1,365 630 740
Catalan 70 40 30 0 0 0
Italian 8,875 4,385 4,485 510 275 235
Portuguese 4,955 2,430 2,525 135 70 70
Romanian 5,580 2,885 2,695 30 10 25
Spanish 48,685 23,475 25,205 760 320 440
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 70 40 30 0 10 0
Japanese 4,140 1,865 2,275 45 20 30
Kartvelian languages 125 75 50 0 0 0
Georgian 125 75 55 0 0 0
Korean 9,895 4,585 5,305 100 40 55
Mongolic languages 650 305 345 0 0 0
Mongolian 655 305 345 0 0 0
Niger-Congo languages 11,365 5,780 5,585 30 15 20
Akan (Twi) 1,045 560 485 0 0 0
Bamanankan 15 10 10 0 0 0
Edo 215 130 85 0 0 0
Ewe 70 30 35 0 0 0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 130 75 60 0 0 0
Ga 85 55 35 0 0 0
Ganda 75 30 45 0 0 0
Igbo 1,430 750 685 0 0 0
Lingala 420 225 195 0 0 0
Rundi (Kirundi) 170 95 75 0 0 0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 105 40 60 0 0 0
Shona 475 205 270 0 0 10
Swahili 2,290 1,145 1,150 20 10 10
Wolof 330 195 135 0 0 0
Yoruba 3,260 1,670 1,595 0 0 0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 2,055 995 1,060 10 0 10
Nilo-Saharan languages 1,650 760 890 0 0 0
Dinka 785 385 405 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 875 385 490 0 0 0
Sign languages 1,495 630 870 100 30 75
American Sign Language 805 305 500 60 10 50
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sign languages, n.i.e. 710 335 370 50 20 30
Sino-Tibetan languages 78,985 37,685 41,305 255 105 150
Chinese languages 77,495 36,955 40,540 255 105 150
Cantonese 42,445 20,090 22,355 60 25 30
Hakka 425 180 245 0 0 0
Mandarin 38,805 18,290 20,515 190 90 105
Min Dong 65 35 25 0 0 0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 2,350 990 1,360 0 0 0
Wu (Shanghainese) 570 245 320 0 0 0
Chinese, n.o.s. 3,020 1,485 1,540 20 0 25
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 10 10 10 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages 1,520 730 785 0 0 0
Burmese 345 160 185 0 0 0
Karenic languages 295 145 150 0 0 0
Tibetan 805 400 395 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 150 60 95 0 0 0
Tai-Kadai languages 1,330 550 780 15 10 15
Lao 555 255 300 0 0 0
Thai 840 320 520 20 0 10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 10 10 0 0 0 0
Turkic languages 2,525 1,340 1,185 0 0 0
Azerbaijani 350 165 180 0 0 0
Turkish 1,650 940 710 0 0 0
Uyghur 130 65 70 0 0 0
Uzbek 250 110 135 0 0 0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 205 95 110 0 0 0
Uralic languages 4,550 2,185 2,360 280 135 145
Estonian 110 50 60 10 0 10
Finnish 300 140 160 45 15 30
Hungarian 4,135 1,995 2,135 225 115 105
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 10 10 0 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 770 435 335 10 0 10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45 1,222,405 610,605 611,795 83,365 40,810 42,555
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46 1,075,485 539,490 535,990 81,960 40,185 41,775
Canadian citizens aged under 18 242,840 124,485 118,360 13,905 7,125 6,780
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 832,640 415,005 417,635 68,060 33,060 34,995
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47 146,925 71,120 75,805 1,400 625 775
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48 1,222,405 610,610 611,795 83,365 40,810 42,555
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49 813,490 411,785 401,705 74,350 36,645 37,700
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50 383,065 185,855 197,210 8,895 4,095 4,800
Before 1981 63,925 31,830 32,095 6,530 3,045 3,485
1981 to 1990 38,270 18,190 20,075 780 355 425
1991 to 2000 64,815 31,015 33,800 705 300 400
2001 to 2010 126,390 61,375 65,015 635 295 340
2001 to 2005 56,820 27,785 29,035 310 120 190
2006 to 2010 69,570 33,590 35,985 315 170 145
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51 89,665 43,440 46,220 250 100 150
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52 25,850 12,965 12,880 125 70 50
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53 383,065 185,855 197,210 8,895 4,090 4,805
Under 5 years 34,960 17,830 17,130 1,360 705 655
5 to 14 years 64,790 33,705 31,085 2,060 920 1,140
15 to 24 years 74,550 34,270 40,285 2,300 1,015 1,285
25 to 44 years 172,855 83,030 89,820 2,835 1,305 1,530
45 years and over 35,905 17,020 18,880 340 150 190
Immigrants by selected place of birthThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54 383,060 185,855 197,205 8,895 4,090 4,800
Americas 41,020 19,550 21,465 1,400 570 830
Brazil 1,420 640 780 20 0 10
Colombia 5,580 2,645 2,935 60 30 25
El Salvador 2,335 1,180 1,155 10 10 0
Guyana 825 410 415 130 50 80
Haiti 490 260 235 10 0 10
Jamaica 2,835 1,280 1,550 170 75 95
Mexico 4,110 2,050 2,055 45 15 35
Peru 1,080 440 635 20 10 15
Trinidad and Tobago 1,375 655 720 90 35 55
United StatesCensus data footnote 55 10,715 4,915 5,800 645 240 405
Other places of birth in Americas 10,265 5,080 5,185 215 105 105
Europe 72,990 36,520 36,470 6,320 3,015 3,300
Bosnia and Herzegovina 1,945 990 955 0 0 0
Croatia 1,220 635 580 20 15 0
France 1,200 585 610 60 30 30
Germany 5,710 2,725 2,985 515 240 275
Greece 890 470 425 80 60 25
Hungary 1,840 925 920 100 45 60
IrelandCensus data footnote 56 1,620 850 765 170 100 75
Italy 3,625 1,950 1,675 230 135 100
Netherlands 2,890 1,540 1,355 535 285 255
Poland 6,420 3,030 3,390 190 100 90
Portugal 1,075 480 590 75 45 30
Romania 4,250 2,135 2,115 35 10 20
Russian Federation 3,875 1,685 2,195 20 10 0
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57 1,060 530 530 25 15 15
Ukraine 2,855 1,315 1,545 35 10 25
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58 22,150 11,440 10,705 3,785 1,695 2,090
Other places of birth in Europe 10,360 5,230 5,135 440 230 210
Africa 39,220 20,070 19,155 185 95 90
Algeria 745 400 340 0 0 0
Egypt 2,850 1,515 1,330 0 0 0
Ethiopia 5,195 2,565 2,625 10 0 0
Kenya 2,610 1,275 1,330 25 20 10
Morocco 660 340 315 0 10 10
Nigeria 7,385 3,830 3,560 0 10 0
Somalia 1,340 635 710 0 0 0
South Africa, Republic of 2,655 1,395 1,265 65 35 35
Other places of birth in Africa 15,790 8,115 7,675 70 35 40
Asia 226,295 107,935 118,360 920 365 555
Afghanistan 3,200 1,715 1,480 10 0 10
Bangladesh 3,110 1,595 1,515 15 10 10
ChinaCensus data footnote 59 34,550 15,930 18,620 170 70 110
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60 10,925 5,310 5,615 25 0 25
India 44,365 22,305 22,060 165 105 60
IranCensus data footnote 61 5,675 2,920 2,755 15 0 10
Iraq 3,545 1,895 1,650 0 0 0
Japan 1,490 435 1,055 25 0 20
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62 6,980 3,265 3,715 95 45 55
Lebanon 4,130 2,190 1,940 10 0 0
Pakistan 17,090 8,885 8,205 60 35 30
Philippines 51,550 22,480 29,065 150 35 115
Sri Lanka 1,965 1,010 955 40 20 20
SyriaCensus data footnote 63 2,150 1,125 1,025 15 0 15
Taiwan 2,185 925 1,255 15 0 0
Viet Nam 14,875 6,955 7,920 20 10 15
Other places of birth in Asia 18,515 9,005 9,515 75 25 50
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64 3,535 1,775 1,755 70 45 30
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54 89,665 43,445 46,220 250 95 150
Americas 8,735 4,390 4,340 75 20 50
Brazil 510 230 285 0 0 0
Colombia 1,250 600 650 0 0 0
Cuba 125 60 65 0 0 0
Haiti 140 95 50 0 0 0
Jamaica 425 220 210 0 0 0
Mexico 1,790 960 835 10 0 0
United StatesCensus data footnote 55 1,875 900 975 50 10 40
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65 1,105 540 560 10 10 0
Other places of birth in Americas 1,505 785 715 10 10 10
Europe 8,680 4,445 4,235 20 10 15
France 270 155 115 0 0 0
Germany 420 195 225 0 0 0
IrelandCensus data footnote 56 575 360 210 0 0 0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66 420 240 180 0 0 0
Romania 580 290 285 0 0 0
Russian Federation 625 215 415 0 0 0
Ukraine 795 330 470 0 0 10
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58 2,325 1,335 985 15 0 10
Other places of birth in Europe 2,670 1,325 1,350 0 0 0
Africa 11,600 5,870 5,730 10 0 0
Algeria 135 60 70 0 0 0
Cameroon 565 280 285 0 0 0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 215 95 115 0 0 0
Côte d'Ivoire 95 45 45 0 0 0
Egypt 1,095 570 525 0 0 0
Eritrea 1,040 600 435 0 0 0
Ethiopia 1,590 735 850 0 0 0
Morocco 190 70 115 0 0 0
Nigeria 3,785 1,980 1,805 0 0 0
Somalia 240 90 150 0 0 0
South Africa, Republic of 440 255 185 0 0 0
Tunisia 70 40 35 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Africa 2,150 1,050 1,100 10 0 0
Asia 59,915 28,255 31,655 135 55 75
Afghanistan 465 255 210 0 0 0
Bangladesh 750 350 400 0 0 0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59 6,205 2,800 3,405 50 15 35
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60 415 190 225 10 0 10
India 12,700 6,440 6,260 45 30 10
IranCensus data footnote 61 2,245 1,125 1,115 0 0 0
Iraq 1,220 645 570 0 0 0
Israel 220 105 110 0 0 0
Japan 330 75 255 0 0 0
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62 1,800 730 1,070 0 0 0
Lebanon 500 265 240 0 0 0
Nepal 1,115 590 525 0 0 0
Pakistan 4,330 2,110 2,220 0 0 0
Philippines 21,150 9,575 11,575 20 10 10
Saudi Arabia 340 170 170 0 0 0
Sri Lanka 335 155 180 0 0 0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63 1,375 700 680 15 0 10
Taiwan 325 110 220 0 0 0
Turkey 140 60 80 0 0 0
United Arab Emirates 435 225 210 0 0 0
Viet Nam 1,165 480 685 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Asia 2,345 1,095 1,255 0 0 10
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64 740 485 260 20 15 0
Australia 510 315 190 20 15 10
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67 230 160 65 0 0 0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68 1,222,405 610,610 611,795 83,365 40,810 42,555
First generationCensus data footnote 69 417,375 203,390 213,990 9,335 4,320 5,015
Second generationCensus data footnote 70 264,095 133,495 130,595 13,085 6,345 6,740
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71 540,940 273,725 267,215 60,945 30,145 30,805
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72 325,375 157,195 168,190 2,535 1,130 1,405
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73 184,245 92,820 91,425 1,220 605 620
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74 73,070 45,765 27,300 500 330 175
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75 111,180 47,055 64,120 725 275 450
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76 92,145 37,675 54,465 1,060 385 670
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77 46,260 25,325 20,935 210 110 100
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78 2,725 1,370 1,355 40 25 15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79 1,222,405 610,605 611,795 83,365 40,810 42,550
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80 35,195 16,620 18,575 2,275 1,030 1,245
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81 34,335 16,205 18,135 2,230 1,000 1,225
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82 15,505 7,090 8,405 1,510 680 830
Métis 18,475 8,975 9,505 705 310 390
Inuk (Inuit) 355 135 220 15 10 0
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83 365 210 160 10 10 0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84 495 205 290 40 20 20
Non-Aboriginal identity 1,187,210 593,985 593,220 81,085 39,780 41,305
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85 1,222,405 610,605 611,795 83,365 40,810 42,555
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86 12,575 5,680 6,890 1,000 440 560
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 1,209,830 604,920 604,905 82,365 40,370 41,990
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87 1,222,405 610,605 611,795 83,365 40,810 42,555
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88 8,330 3,855 4,470 635 305 330
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89 8,080 3,720 4,365 635 305 330
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82 5,870 2,680 3,195 530 250 275
Métis single ancestry 2,105 990 1,110 95 40 55
Inuit single ancestry 105 45 60 10 10 0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90 250 135 110 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries 240 140 100 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries 0 0 10 0 0 0
Métis and Inuit ancestries 10 0 0 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91 38,060 18,155 19,910 3,145 1,445 1,705
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92 36,535 17,440 19,085 3,120 1,435 1,685
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries 20,310 9,590 10,725 2,315 1,070 1,245
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 15,865 7,715 8,145 740 330 410
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 355 135 215 65 35 30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93 1,530 715 815 30 10 20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 1,455 675 780 30 10 20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 35 20 20 0 0 0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 35 20 20 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94 1,176,015 588,595 587,420 79,580 39,065 40,515
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95 1,222,405 610,605 611,800 83,365 40,810 42,555
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96 442,585 218,035 224,550 2,870 1,340 1,535
South AsianCensus data footnote 97 115,795 58,730 57,065 495 255 240
Chinese 87,835 42,905 44,930 400 155 245
Black 51,515 26,410 25,100 835 440 390
Filipino 67,650 30,400 37,250 250 75 180
Latin American 26,265 13,035 13,235 200 95 100
Arab 25,190 13,350 11,845 40 15 25
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98 21,610 10,410 11,205 70 35 35
West AsianCensus data footnote 99 12,610 6,665 5,945 40 15 20
Korean 10,635 4,970 5,665 165 75 90
Japanese 5,170 2,290 2,885 125 40 85
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100 4,410 2,055 2,355 150 85 65
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101 13,895 6,820 7,070 100 50 50
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102 779,820 392,575 387,245 80,490 39,470 41,020
Ethnic origin populationThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103 1,222,405 610,610 611,795 83,365 40,810 42,555
North American Aboriginal origins 46,385 22,010 24,375 3,785 1,745 2,040
First Nations (North American Indian) 27,915 13,095 14,820 2,875 1,335 1,540
Inuit 550 225 320 80 35 35
Métis 19,705 9,545 10,160 865 380 480
Other North American origins 249,055 126,485 122,575 31,835 15,840 15,990
Acadian 1,580 825 755 120 65 60
American 20,460 9,950 10,505 1,050 505 545
Canadian 234,190 119,170 115,025 31,080 15,475 15,610
New Brunswicker 25 20 10 0 0 0
Newfoundlander 490 285 205 115 50 65
Nova Scotian 45 35 15 10 10 0
Ontarian 45 35 15 10 0 0
Québécois 365 215 150 30 15 15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104 145 90 55 10 10 0
European origins 704,040 351,610 352,430 65,245 31,695 33,550
British Isles origins 447,890 223,680 224,215 53,890 26,090 27,800
Channel Islander 135 75 65 30 15 20
Cornish 85 15 70 20 0 10
English 253,870 126,050 127,820 34,150 16,275 17,875
Irish 169,285 81,930 87,355 21,130 9,860 11,265
Manx 295 165 135 10 0 0
Scottish 204,735 101,740 103,000 22,675 10,935 11,740
Welsh 23,405 11,360 12,045 2,065 1,000 1,065
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105 31,570 15,505 16,065 3,030 1,450 1,580
French origins 100,425 49,575 50,850 8,915 4,210 4,700
Alsatian 40 20 20 25 0 15
Breton 20 0 15 0 0 0
Corsican 15 0 0 0 0 0
French 100,385 49,555 50,825 8,890 4,205 4,685
Western European origins (except French origins) 220,130 108,705 111,425 13,850 6,615 7,235
Austrian 12,600 6,055 6,545 525 225 300
Bavarian 20 15 10 0 0 0
Belgian 5,490 2,700 2,790 380 195 190
Dutch 45,530 22,720 22,810 5,890 2,895 2,995
Flemish 475 185 290 50 30 25
Frisian 140 70 70 55 30 30
German 169,535 83,450 86,085 7,770 3,630 4,145
Luxembourger 220 110 110 10 10 0
Swiss 6,725 3,175 3,550 310 140 175
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106 350 165 190 10 0 10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 80,390 38,710 41,680 1,875 890 980
Danish 15,880 7,800 8,085 500 240 260
Finnish 4,715 2,240 2,470 310 150 160
Icelandic 6,705 3,270 3,435 75 35 40
Norwegian 35,215 16,715 18,505 380 195 185
Swedish 22,850 10,920 11,935 620 315 300
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107 3,435 1,740 1,705 135 45 85
Eastern European origins 178,865 87,500 91,365 5,370 2,520 2,850
Bulgarian 1,565 805 770 20 10 10
Byelorussian 785 400 390 50 15 40
Czech 6,640 3,360 3,280 215 105 110
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108 2,130 1,005 1,120 45 25 20
Estonian 1,055 445 605 40 20 15
Hungarian 19,335 9,490 9,840 670 360 310
Latvian 1,015 480 525 55 20 35
Lithuanian 2,230 1,065 1,165 90 55 35
Moldovan 905 470 435 0 0 0
Polish 48,635 23,655 24,985 1,990 945 1,045
Romanian 12,150 5,730 6,425 210 90 125
Russian 33,210 15,740 17,470 460 215 235
Slovak 4,195 2,170 2,030 140 70 70
Ukrainian 77,670 37,955 39,715 1,955 865 1,085
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109 840 435 400 35 0 25
Southern European origins 83,075 41,370 41,710 4,450 2,170 2,280
Albanian 1,795 920 875 0 0 0
Bosnian 1,595 875 725 0 0 0
Catalan 50 25 25 0 0 0
Croatian 5,575 2,840 2,735 135 70 65
Cypriot 60 30 35 10 0 0
Greek 6,150 3,160 2,990 385 175 210
Italian 37,865 19,055 18,815 2,480 1,230 1,250
Kosovar 150 75 75 0 0 0
Macedonian 485 230 255 105 50 55
Maltese 505 245 255 245 130 120
Montenegrin 125 70 55 0 0 0
Portuguese 7,670 3,895 3,780 520 235 285
Serbian 3,205 1,615 1,590 40 20 15
Sicilian 115 60 55 65 30 30
Slovenian 1,600 870 730 110 50 60
Spanish 20,650 9,665 10,985 500 215 285
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110 1,425 720 700 65 40 30
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111 115 50 60 0 0 10
Other European origins 8,595 4,240 4,355 390 205 185
Basque 180 80 100 15 15 0
Jewish 4,220 2,030 2,190 100 60 40
Roma (Gypsy) 165 90 70 10 10 10
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112 420 215 215 15 0 10
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113 3,645 1,850 1,795 245 125 120
Caribbean origins 14,045 6,940 7,105 780 395 390
Antiguan 260 160 100 25 10 10
Bahamian 115 60 60 15 0 10
Barbadian 770 360 405 75 40 35
Bermudan 115 45 70 20 0 20
Carib 60 10 50 0 0 0
Cuban 790 365 425 10 0 0
Dominican 290 185 100 0 0 0
Grenadian 200 90 110 0 0 0
Guadeloupean 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haitian 855 440 415 20 10 10
Jamaican 6,570 3,225 3,350 365 185 180
Kittitian/Nevisian 65 50 15 0 0 0
Martinican 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montserratan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Puerto Rican 220 115 100 0 0 0
St. Lucian 325 165 160 0 0 0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian 1,920 955 960 170 75 90
Vincentian/Grenadinian 320 130 185 30 15 10
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114 1,030 500 530 85 50 40
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115 1,080 500 580 20 15 0
Latin, Central and South American origins 33,540 16,525 17,020 480 220 260
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya) 790 410 380 20 0 10
Arawak 75 10 65 10 0 10
Argentinian 745 375 375 50 15 30
Belizean 130 90 45 10 0 15
Bolivian 245 125 115 0 0 0
Brazilian 1,535 660 875 25 10 20
Chilean 2,910 1,470 1,440 25 15 10
Colombian 7,145 3,405 3,745 70 40 35
Costa Rican 275 125 150 20 15 10
Ecuadorian 425 170 255 10 0 0
Guatemalan 1,140 600 540 15 10 10
Guyanese 1,045 565 480 110 45 65
Hispanic 700 320 380 0 0 0
Honduran 350 180 175 0 0 0
Maya 210 105 105 0 0 0
Mexican 7,560 3,880 3,680 70 30 40
Nicaraguan 870 405 475 0 0 0
Panamanian 140 60 80 10 0 10
Paraguayan 165 70 90 0 0 0
Peruvian 1,425 610 810 35 10 25
Salvadorean 2,775 1,425 1,350 15 10 10
Uruguayan 120 70 55 10 10 0
Venezuelan 3,300 1,670 1,630 10 0 10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116 1,570 765 795 0 0 10
African origins 55,730 28,570 27,160 455 220 235
Central and West African origins 15,565 8,080 7,485 45 0 35
Akan 95 55 40 0 0 0
Angolan 155 70 80 0 0 0
Ashanti 65 45 20 0 0 10
Beninese 120 45 75 0 0 0
Burkinabe 20 0 15 0 0 0
Cameroonian 965 470 495 0 0 0
Chadian 45 30 10 0 0 0
Congolese 1,355 655 700 15 0 20
Edo 285 165 120 0 0 0
Ewe 70 45 30 0 0 0
Gabonese 20 0 20 0 0 0
Gambian 75 35 35 0 0 0
Ghanaian 1,695 905 790 0 0 10
Guinean 150 85 70 0 0 0
Ibo 1,075 545 530 0 0 0
Ivorian 130 75 55 0 0 0
Liberian 290 145 150 0 0 0
Malian 25 25 0 0 0 0
Malinké 20 10 10 0 0 0
Nigerian 7,425 3,890 3,535 10 10 10
Peulh 45 25 15 0 0 0
Senegalese 275 185 95 0 0 0
Sierra Leonean 215 115 100 0 0 0
Togolese 75 30 45 0 0 0
Wolof 45 30 15 0 0 0
Yoruba 1,670 920 750 0 0 0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117 580 255 325 0 0 0
North African origins 11,085 5,805 5,285 45 25 15
Algerian 810 410 395 0 0 0
Berber 340 195 140 0 10 0
Coptic 115 60 55 0 0 0
Dinka 265 150 115 0 0 0
Egyptian 4,375 2,335 2,040 25 15 0
Libyan 575 305 270 0 0 0
Maure 0 0 0 0 0 0
Moroccan 1,040 550 485 15 10 0
Sudanese 3,255 1,625 1,630 0 0 0
Tunisian 475 250 225 10 0 0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118 270 150 120 0 0 0
Southern and East African origins 20,335 10,370 9,970 130 70 65
Afrikaner 95 50 45 0 0 0
Amhara 220 120 105 0 0 0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119 190 95 90 0 0 0
Burundian 195 110 85 0 0 0
Djiboutian 10 10 0 0 0 0
Eritrean 3,755 2,020 1,735 10 10 0
Ethiopian 6,355 3,205 3,150 10 0 10
Harari 45 25 20 0 0 0
Kenyan 900 410 495 10 10 0
Malagasy 45 20 30 0 0 0
Mauritian 250 150 100 0 0 0
Oromo 680 350 330 0 0 0
Rwandan 180 75 105 0 0 0
Seychellois 25 15 0 0 0 0
Somali 2,755 1,385 1,370 10 0 10
South African 2,390 1,190 1,205 90 45 45
Tanzanian 435 180 260 0 0 0
Tigrian 430 240 190 0 0 0
Ugandan 330 195 135 0 0 0
Zambian 115 75 45 0 0 0
Zimbabwean 745 375 365 10 0 10
Zulu 35 20 15 20 10 15
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120 1,440 700 740 10 10 10
Other African origins 9,745 4,815 4,925 250 120 130
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121 845 405 440 15 10 10
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122 8,985 4,455 4,535 235 110 125
Asian origins 366,720 179,430 187,290 2,190 980 1,210
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 46,250 24,130 22,125 410 210 200
Afghan 5,205 2,795 2,410 40 15 20
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123 4,865 2,635 2,235 10 0 0
Armenian 960 475 485 35 15 15
Assyrian 315 175 140 0 0 0
Azerbaijani 290 120 175 0 0 0
Georgian 215 120 95 10 10 0
Hazara 265 140 125 0 0 0
Iranian 8,345 4,335 4,010 70 35 35
Iraqi 3,670 1,920 1,750 0 0 0
Israeli 705 370 335 50 25 20
Jordanian 555 290 265 0 0 0
Kazakh 290 120 170 0 0 0
Kurd 880 505 380 0 0 0
Kuwaiti 50 40 0 0 0 0
Kyrgyz 150 90 65 0 0 0
Lebanese 12,760 6,570 6,185 105 70 35
Palestinian 1,555 820 730 0 0 0
Pashtun 380 175 200 0 0 0
Saudi Arabian 155 95 60 0 0 0
Syrian 3,200 1,575 1,625 45 20 25
Tajik 175 100 70 0 0 0
Tatar 340 150 190 0 0 0
Turk 2,470 1,350 1,115 50 20 30
Turkmen 60 35 20 0 0 0
Uighur 150 75 75 0 0 0
Uzbek 255 110 145 0 0 0
Yemeni 545 270 280 0 0 0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124 1,330 695 635 0 0 10
South Asian origins 115,295 58,585 56,710 625 325 305
Bangladeshi 2,355 1,165 1,190 20 0 10
Bengali 950 475 475 0 0 0
Bhutanese 160 80 80 0 0 0
East Indian 84,780 42,810 41,970 460 230 235
Goan 285 145 145 15 10 0
Gujarati 290 140 155 0 0 0
Kashmiri 570 275 295 15 10 10
Nepali 1,880 1,015 860 0 0 0
Pakistani 17,670 9,050 8,620 55 40 15
Punjabi 7,920 4,110 3,805 25 20 0
Sinhalese 365 195 170 10 0 0
Sri Lankan 2,340 1,225 1,115 30 10 15
Tamil 415 210 200 30 10 20
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125 2,480 1,260 1,220 10 10 0
East and Southeast Asian origins 207,260 97,820 109,440 1,210 465 740
Burmese 750 375 375 0 0 0
Cambodian (Khmer) 2,010 1,085 920 0 0 0
Chinese 102,070 49,475 52,590 560 220 340
Filipino 71,780 32,435 39,350 240 60 175
Hmong 0 0 0 0 0 0
Indonesian 1,425 655 770 30 20 10
Japanese 7,080 3,115 3,965 170 60 110
Karen 300 145 155 0 0 0
Korean 11,235 5,235 6,000 155 75 80
Laotian 820 375 445 0 0 0
Malaysian 1,250 570 680 15 0 15
Mongolian 1,060 490 575 0 10 0
Singaporean 200 105 95 0 0 0
Taiwanese 1,150 510 640 0 10 0
Thai 975 360 615 30 15 20
Tibetan 890 460 430 0 0 0
Vietnamese 19,515 9,450 10,065 30 15 15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126 300 160 145 40 20 15
Other Asian origins 1,585 800 790 0 0 0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127 1,585 795 785 10 0 10
Oceania origins 5,465 2,835 2,630 125 75 55
Australian 3,020 1,600 1,420 95 55 40
New Zealander 1,090 575 520 20 15 10
Pacific Islands origins 1,450 715 740 10 10 0
Fijian 940 440 500 0 0 0
Hawaiian 150 65 85 0 0 0
Maori 135 60 75 0 0 0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128 70 50 30 0 0 0
Samoan 60 45 15 0 0 0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129 115 60 55 10 0 0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130 466,735 ... ... 35,685 ... ...
Owner 333,465 ... ... 28,920 ... ...
Renter 133,275 ... ... 6,760 ... ...
Band housing 0 ... ... 0 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131 466,740 ... ... 35,685 ... ...
Condominium 104,425 ... ... 1,660 ... ...
Not condominium 362,315 ... ... 34,025 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132 466,740 ... ... 35,685 ... ...
No bedrooms 1,770 ... ... 100 ... ...
1 bedroom 50,710 ... ... 2,660 ... ...
2 bedrooms 105,050 ... ... 8,690 ... ...
3 bedrooms 163,595 ... ... 14,860 ... ...
4 or more bedrooms 145,620 ... ... 9,375 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133 466,735 ... ... 35,685 ... ...
1 to 4 rooms 126,895 ... ... 5,425 ... ...
5 rooms 71,595 ... ... 5,150 ... ...
6 rooms 67,675 ... ... 5,875 ... ...
7 rooms 58,670 ... ... 5,925 ... ...
8 or more rooms 141,900 ... ... 13,310 ... ...
Average number of rooms per dwelling 6.3 ... ... 6.9 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134 466,740 ... ... 35,685 ... ...
One person or fewer per room 454,925 ... ... 35,555 ... ...
More than 1 person per room 11,815 ... ... 130 ... ...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135 466,740 ... ... 35,685 ... ...
Suitable 444,435 ... ... 34,795 ... ...
Not suitable 22,305 ... ... 895 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136 466,740 ... ... 35,685 ... ...
1960 or before 46,475 ... ... 11,570 ... ...
1961 to 1980 136,540 ... ... 8,825 ... ...
1981 to 1990 60,930 ... ... 4,440 ... ...
1991 to 2000 73,405 ... ... 4,160 ... ...
2001 to 2005 52,470 ... ... 2,430 ... ...
2006 to 2010 50,155 ... ... 2,300 ... ...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137 46,760 ... ... 1,965 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138 466,740 ... ... 35,685 ... ...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed 446,635 ... ... 33,150 ... ...
Major repairs needed 20,100 ... ... 2,540 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139 466,735 ... ... 35,685 ... ...
1 household maintainer 261,040 ... ... 20,445 ... ...
2 household maintainers 187,870 ... ... 14,855 ... ...
3 or more household maintainers 17,835 ... ... 390 ... ...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140 466,740 ... ... 35,685 ... ...
15 to 24 years 13,340 ... ... 440 ... ...
25 to 34 years 90,125 ... ... 2,940 ... ...
35 to 44 years 101,445 ... ... 4,295 ... ...
45 to 54 years 99,335 ... ... 6,395 ... ...
55 to 64 years 85,310 ... ... 8,595 ... ...
65 to 74 years 45,945 ... ... 7,540 ... ...
75 to 84 years 22,955 ... ... 4,040 ... ...
85 years and over 8,280 ... ... 1,445 ... ...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141 464,370 ... ... 34,615 ... ...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs 361,075 ... ... 26,690 ... ...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs 103,290 ... ... 7,925 ... ...
30% to less than 100% 89,040 ... ... 7,170 ... ...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 333,440 ... ... 27,985 ... ...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142 66.8 ... ... 56.3 ... ...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141 16.5 ... ... 16.7 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 1,588 ... ... 1,068 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 1,612 ... ... 1,205 ... ...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144 450,338 ... ... 299,344 ... ...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144 518,143 ... ... 339,962 ... ...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 133,275 ... ... 6,665 ... ...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145 10.2 ... ... 14.3 ... ...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141 36.7 ... ... 48.7 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 1,308 ... ... 944 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 1,354 ... ... 977 ... ...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146 996,120 494,600 501,520 72,040 35,025 37,015
No certificate, diploma or degree 134,625 68,690 65,940 13,215 7,180 6,035
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147 257,270 128,580 128,690 22,220 10,770 11,450
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 604,220 297,330 306,890 36,605 17,070 19,530
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 65,530 48,650 16,875 6,400 4,825 1,575
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148 23,970 13,670 10,295 2,660 1,675 985
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149 41,560 34,980 6,580 3,740 3,145 590
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 175,835 74,320 101,520 18,270 7,125 11,145
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 31,725 13,060 18,670 1,325 540 780
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 331,130 161,295 169,830 10,615 4,580 6,030
Bachelor's degree 230,410 109,185 121,225 7,440 2,940 4,495
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 17,390 8,025 9,365 755 330 425
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 8,665 4,235 4,430 240 185 60
Master's degree 63,990 33,010 30,975 1,845 910 935
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150 10,680 6,845 3,835 335 215 115
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146 721,285 359,765 361,525 42,610 20,575 22,030
No certificate, diploma or degree 58,925 32,105 26,820 4,725 2,855 1,870
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147 157,950 80,655 77,290 13,100 6,745 6,360
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 504,415 247,005 257,415 24,780 10,975 13,805
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 50,465 38,095 12,370 3,900 2,985 915
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148 17,785 10,355 7,430 1,630 1,065 565
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149 32,680 27,735 4,940 2,275 1,925 350
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 141,500 60,555 80,950 13,190 5,075 8,115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 25,565 10,545 15,015 675 275 400
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 286,890 137,805 149,080 7,020 2,640 4,370
Bachelor's degree 198,550 93,365 105,180 5,105 1,800 3,300
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 14,520 6,600 7,925 470 180 290
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 7,715 3,545 4,170 160 115 50
Master's degree 57,410 28,975 28,435 1,120 465 660
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150 8,695 5,330 3,365 155 85 75
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151 996,120 494,595 501,520 72,040 35,025 37,015
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152 391,900 197,270 194,630 35,435 17,950 17,480
Education 35,200 7,430 27,770 2,685 705 1,975
13. Education 35,200 7,430 27,770 2,680 700 1,975
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 19,945 8,325 11,615 1,320 570 750
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 3,260 2,265 1,000 250 195 55
50. Visual and performing arts 16,685 6,065 10,620 1,070 375 700
Humanities 27,695 10,045 17,650 1,765 690 1,075
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics 3,040 625 2,415 110 30 85
23. English language and literature/letters 6,980 1,840 5,140 560 130 430
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 8,530 2,860 5,670 365 140 225
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153 125 60 60 15 0 15
38. Philosophy and religious studies 1,855 1,015 840 110 75 35
39. Theology and religious vocations 2,675 1,620 1,055 185 120 65
54. History 3,755 1,875 1,880 345 180 155
55. French language and literature/letters 735 150 590 85 15 65
Social and behavioural sciences and law 65,555 23,275 42,280 4,175 1,170 3,000
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 740 130 610 65 20 55
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 8,135 2,740 5,390 350 150 205
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 7,735 825 6,905 1,045 65 985
22. Legal professions and studies 12,200 4,305 7,895 775 180 595
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154 860 200 660 130 25 105
42. Psychology 10,295 2,320 7,975 635 165 470
45. Social sciences 25,595 12,760 12,835 1,170 580 590
Business, management and public administration 139,610 58,555 81,055 6,265 2,020 4,245
30.16 Accounting and computer science 170 65 105 30 10 20
44. Public administration and social service professions 6,940 1,190 5,750 815 95 720
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 132,500 57,295 75,200 5,415 1,910 3,500
Physical and life sciences and technologies 32,330 17,590 14,740 965 505 455
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 10,175 4,085 6,090 415 135 280
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 6,035 2,920 3,115 150 85 65
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155 310 115 195 15 10 0
40. Physical sciences 14,480 10,030 4,450 265 200 60
41. Science technologies/technicians 1,335 450 890 115 75 40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 27,215 17,605 9,615 860 390 465
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 22,150 15,385 6,760 630 310 315
25. Library science 1,465 210 1,250 85 10 80
27. Mathematics and statistics 3,305 1,810 1,495 140 70 70
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156 300 190 105 10 0 10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 141,815 120,895 20,915 8,345 7,925 420
04. Architecture and related services 5,365 3,280 2,090 190 140 50
14. Engineering 58,795 46,705 12,085 760 695 70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields 26,800 21,745 5,050 1,880 1,740 145
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 30 0 30 0 0 0
46. Construction trades 22,110 21,410 700 2,195 2,145 50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 19,165 18,560 610 2,250 2,165 80
48. Precision production 9,545 9,195 345 1,065 1,040 30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 9,060 4,780 4,280 1,145 750 395
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences 4,675 2,635 2,035 785 505 285
03. Natural resources and conservation 4,390 2,145 2,245 365 250 115
Health and related fields 82,120 17,450 64,665 6,085 840 5,245
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies 6,895 3,390 3,500 530 185 340
51. Health professions and related programs 72,705 12,735 59,975 5,505 610 4,890
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs 2,510 1,320 1,190 55 40 10
Personal, protective and transportation services 23,615 11,355 12,260 2,990 1,500 1,485
12. Personal and culinary services 15,870 5,100 10,770 1,375 260 1,110
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 105 100 10 15 10 0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 150 125 20 30 25 0
43. Security and protective services 3,300 2,235 1,070 1,075 730 350
49. Transportation and materials moving 4,195 3,805 395 495 475 20
Other 65 20 45 15 10 10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other 65 20 45 15 10 10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151 721,290 359,765 361,525 42,610 20,575 22,035
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152 216,870 112,760 104,110 17,825 9,600 8,230
Education 26,955 5,300 21,655 1,505 390 1,120
13. Education 26,955 5,300 21,655 1,510 390 1,115
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 16,540 6,825 9,720 905 375 535
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 2,685 1,855 835 160 125 40
50. Visual and performing arts 13,860 4,975 8,890 745 250 495
Humanities 23,150 8,225 14,925 1,025 340 690
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics 2,605 525 2,075 70 15 55
23. English language and literature/letters 5,900 1,535 4,365 285 45 240
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 7,335 2,415 4,925 205 75 135
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153 115 60 60 10 0 10
38. Philosophy and religious studies 1,490 820 675 70 40 35
39. Theology and religious vocations 2,030 1,205 825 125 75 50
54. History 3,140 1,550 1,590 205 90 120
55. French language and literature/letters 540 125 415 45 10 45
Social and behavioural sciences and law 56,225 19,655 36,570 3,030 690 2,335
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 620 120 500 55 10 45
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 7,085 2,340 4,750 250 95 155
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 6,305 650 5,650 825 35 790
22. Legal professions and studies 10,600 3,520 7,085 595 110 485
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154 730 175 560 100 20 90
42. Psychology 8,670 1,870 6,800 425 90 335
45. Social sciences 22,210 10,980 11,235 775 335 440
Business, management and public administration 118,715 49,670 69,045 4,245 1,255 2,990
30.16 Accounting and computer science 150 65 85 20 0 15
44. Public administration and social service professions 5,880 965 4,915 620 45 570
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 112,680 48,640 64,045 3,610 1,215 2,400
Physical and life sciences and technologies 26,245 13,925 12,320 645 295 355
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 8,395 3,290 5,105 310 105 205
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 4,965 2,415 2,550 105 55 50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155 235 105 130 15 10 10
40. Physical sciences 11,635 7,800 3,840 145 90 60
41. Science technologies/technicians 1,005 315 690 75 40 40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 24,520 15,900 8,620 620 270 355
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 20,455 14,205 6,255 480 225 260
25. Library science 1,170 175 995 50 10 45
27. Mathematics and statistics 2,645 1,370 1,270 80 40 45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156 255 155 100 0 0 10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 117,940 99,370 18,570 5,500 5,175 330
04. Architecture and related services 4,455 2,590 1,870 120 80 40
14. Engineering 51,160 40,060 11,105 430 380 50
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields 21,915 17,720 4,200 1,240 1,105 135
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 30 0 30 0 0 0
46. Construction trades 18,070 17,465 605 1,510 1,475 40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 15,070 14,590 480 1,505 1,455 50
48. Precision production 7,235 6,950 290 695 680 15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 7,880 4,035 3,840 820 515 310
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences 3,905 2,140 1,770 545 335 210
03. Natural resources and conservation 3,975 1,900 2,075 275 180 100
Health and related fields 67,345 14,730 52,620 4,230 555 3,675
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies 5,845 2,915 2,930 390 130 255
51. Health professions and related programs 59,250 10,680 48,565 3,810 400 3,410
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs 2,255 1,130 1,120 40 30 10
Personal, protective and transportation services 18,845 9,350 9,500 2,225 1,100 1,125
12. Personal and culinary services 12,480 4,170 8,310 1,015 185 830
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 75 65 10 10 10 0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 75 70 10 0 0 0
43. Security and protective services 2,690 1,850 835 830 550 280
49. Transportation and materials moving 3,525 3,190 335 365 360 10
Other 50 15 35 10 10 10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other 50 15 30 10 0 0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157 996,120 494,595 501,520 72,040 35,025 37,015
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 391,895 197,270 194,630 35,435 17,950 17,485
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158 604,225 297,330 306,895 36,605 17,075 19,530
Location of study inside Canada 445,535 220,010 225,530 33,580 15,485 18,095
Same as province or territory of residence 308,335 151,155 157,180 31,470 14,475 17,005
Different than province or territory of residence 137,205 68,855 68,345 2,105 1,015 1,085
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159 158,685 77,325 81,365 3,030 1,585 1,440
United StatesCensus data footnote 160 18,875 10,835 8,035 865 425 440
Philippines 27,065 10,425 16,640 90 30 60
India 18,660 9,290 9,370 50 25 25
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161 12,835 7,355 5,485 1,065 615 450
ChinaCensus data footnote 162 11,810 5,565 6,245 60 25 40
France 1,175 680 495 10 10 0
Other 68,265 33,170 35,095 900 465 435
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157 721,290 359,760 361,525 42,610 20,575 22,035
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 216,870 112,760 104,115 17,825 9,600 8,230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158 504,420 247,000 257,415 24,780 10,975 13,805
Location of study inside Canada 368,225 182,120 186,110 23,325 10,310 13,020
Same as province or territory of residence 255,140 125,285 129,850 22,085 9,715 12,375
Different than province or territory of residence 113,085 56,830 56,255 1,240 600 640
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159 136,190 64,885 71,305 1,455 670 790
United StatesCensus data footnote 160 14,895 8,320 6,570 515 225 295
Philippines 25,035 9,555 15,485 65 25 45
India 16,850 8,250 8,600 35 20 10
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161 9,220 5,280 3,945 305 150 150
ChinaCensus data footnote 162 10,390 4,800 5,590 60 25 35
France 1,025 600 425 0 0 0
Other 58,770 28,080 30,690 470 215 250
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163 996,120 494,600 501,520 72,040 35,025 37,015
In the labour force 728,330 386,935 341,385 40,880 21,010 19,875
Employed 659,015 348,125 310,880 37,880 19,405 18,475
Unemployed 69,315 38,815 30,500 3,000 1,600 1,400
Not in the labour force 267,790 107,655 160,135 31,160 14,020 17,140
Participation rate 73.1 78.2 68.1 56.7 60.0 53.7
Employment rate 66.2 70.4 62.0 52.6 55.4 49.9
Unemployment rate 9.5 10.0 8.9 7.3 7.6 7.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164 996,115 494,600 501,525 72,040 35,025 37,015
Did not workCensus data footnote 165 245,035 97,085 147,945 28,850 12,785 16,065
Worked 751,085 397,510 353,575 43,185 22,240 20,950
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166 374,465 215,320 159,150 22,350 12,755 9,590
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167 376,620 182,200 194,425 20,840 9,480 11,360
Average weeks worked in reference year 42.5 43.2 41.7 43.0 43.1 42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168 728,330 386,940 341,390 40,885 21,005 19,875
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 15,180 6,975 8,205 785 390 395
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170 713,140 379,965 333,180 40,095 20,620 19,480
Employee 633,230 329,160 304,070 34,330 17,205 17,125
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171 79,910 50,800 29,110 5,765 3,415 2,350
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172 728,330 386,940 341,385 40,880 21,005 19,875
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 15,180 6,980 8,205 785 390 395
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170 713,145 379,960 333,180 40,095 20,620 19,480
0 Management occupations 78,295 50,260 28,035 4,395 2,555 1,840
1 Business, finance and administration occupations 126,490 40,290 86,200 4,945 1,180 3,760
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 79,805 62,075 17,730 1,660 1,265 390
3 Health occupations 46,930 9,650 37,270 2,770 420 2,350
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services 72,760 23,290 49,470 4,575 1,500 3,075
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 19,045 8,200 10,845 975 405 570
6 Sales and service occupations 163,780 72,970 90,805 9,445 3,580 5,865
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 99,515 92,865 6,655 7,170 6,730 435
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 9,850 8,090 1,760 1,055 835 220
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 16,670 12,265 4,405 3,105 2,135 970
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173 728,330 386,940 341,390 40,880 21,005 19,875
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 15,180 6,980 8,205 785 390 395
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170 713,145 379,965 333,180 40,100 20,620 19,475
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 2,505 1,445 1,060 1,305 935 370
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 44,805 27,975 16,830 180 165 15
22 Utilities 7,975 5,050 2,930 1,005 855 155
23 Construction 65,065 56,350 8,715 3,705 3,240 465
31-33 Manufacturing 36,875 27,205 9,675 4,945 3,435 1,510
41 Wholesale trade 25,905 17,660 8,245 1,150 765 385
44-45 Retail trade 78,820 38,405 40,415 5,020 2,140 2,885
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 39,865 28,085 11,775 1,665 1,245 415
51 Information and cultural industries 14,400 8,615 5,785 535 260 280
52 Finance and insurance 26,410 11,635 14,775 960 320 645
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 14,490 8,260 6,225 680 360 320
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 76,845 45,025 31,825 1,970 945 1,020
55 Management of companies and enterprises 3,440 1,825 1,615 20 15 10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 30,855 17,950 12,910 1,815 1,010 810
61 Educational services 45,000 14,385 30,615 2,570 745 1,825
62 Health care and social assistance 77,205 14,390 62,820 4,810 600 4,210
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 16,265 7,880 8,385 760 330 430
72 Accommodation and food services 50,610 21,600 29,010 2,825 1,045 1,780
81 Other services (except public administration) 30,015 12,260 17,750 1,895 905 985
91 Public administration 25,785 13,950 11,835 2,280 1,315 965
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174 659,010 348,130 310,885 37,885 19,405 18,475
Worked at home 44,830 21,375 23,455 3,620 1,840 1,775
Worked outside Canada 2,810 2,145 665 105 65 35
No fixed workplace address 89,435 66,890 22,545 4,965 3,610 1,360
Worked at usual place 521,935 257,715 264,215 29,190 13,890 15,300
Commuting destinationThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data 521,935 257,715 264,220 29,190 13,890 15,305
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence 490,135 237,685 252,450 9,805 4,280 5,520
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence 21,015 12,370 8,640 8,300 3,640 4,655
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence 7,755 5,790 1,965 11,000 5,890 5,105
Commute to a different province or territory 3,030 1,865 1,165 95 70 20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175 611,370 324,605 286,760 34,160 17,495 16,660
Car, truck, van - as a driver 434,375 243,680 190,695 29,220 15,160 14,060
Car, truck, van - as a passenger 31,420 10,750 20,670 2,025 950 1,075
Public transit 96,575 43,235 53,340 625 235 390
Walked 30,265 14,545 15,720 1,725 810 910
Bicycle 9,870 6,925 2,945 175 120 60
Other method 8,855 5,470 3,385 390 220 170
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176 611,370 324,605 286,765 34,155 17,495 16,665
Less than 15 minutes 105,535 48,755 56,780 11,570 5,240 6,330
15 to 29 minutes 256,760 136,865 119,895 9,520 4,615 4,905
30 to 44 minutes 161,785 91,745 70,035 5,880 3,140 2,745
45 to 59 minutes 50,830 27,165 23,665 3,110 1,695 1,415
60 minutes and over 36,465 20,075 16,385 4,080 2,805 1,270
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177 611,370 324,605 286,765 34,155 17,495 16,660
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m. 40,200 27,835 12,370 3,335 2,335 1,000
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m. 123,750 74,595 49,150 6,910 4,475 2,435
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m. 180,220 93,355 86,860 8,355 4,050 4,310
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m. 108,920 51,385 57,535 6,225 2,180 4,050
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. 67,270 29,355 37,920 3,165 1,075 2,085
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m. 91,005 48,080 42,930 6,165 3,385 2,780
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178 772,235 407,270 364,965 44,440 22,780 21,655
Single responses 762,700 402,710 359,990 44,295 22,735 21,565
Official languages 753,055 397,715 355,340 44,250 22,710 21,540
English 751,185 397,150 354,035 44,130 22,680 21,455
French 1,865 565 1,305 115 30 85
Non-official languages 9,645 5,000 4,650 50 20 25
Aboriginal languages 10 0 0 0 0 0
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Moose Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Plains Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Woods Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Algonquin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ojibway 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 10 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 10 0 0 0 0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chilcotin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dene 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuit languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kutenai 0 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0 0 0
Okanagan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Squamish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages 10 0 0 0 0 0
Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 0
Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haisla 0 0 0 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal languages 9,640 4,990 4,645 50 25 25
Afro-Asiatic languages 340 205 135 0 0 0
Berber languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kabyle 0 0 0 0 0 0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bilen 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oromo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Somali 0 0 10 0 0 0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Semitic languages 335 200 135 0 0 0
Amharic 45 30 15 0 0 0
Arabic 240 155 90 0 0 0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 10 0 0 0 0 0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0 0 0
Harari 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hebrew 25 10 20 0 0 0
Maltese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tigrigna 15 0 15 0 0 0
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Austro-Asiatic languages 800 295 505 0 0 0
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Vietnamese 800 300 505 0 0 0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0 0 0
Austronesian languages 315 145 170 0 0 0
Bikol 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cebuano 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fijian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hiligaynon 0 0 10 0 0 0
Ilocano 15 0 15 0 0 0
Malagasy 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malay 10 10 0 0 0 0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pangasinan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 290 135 150 0 0 0
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 0 0 0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 10 0 10 0 0 0
Creole languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 0 0 0
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dravidian languages 20 10 15 0 0 10
Kannada 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malayalam 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tamil 15 10 0 10 0 0
Telugu 0 0 10 0 0 0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Indo-European languages 3,065 1,700 1,365 25 15 10
Albanian 25 20 0 0 0 0
Armenian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balto-Slavic languages 310 155 160 0 0 0
Baltic languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Latvian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lithuanian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavic languages 310 150 160 0 0 0
Belarusan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bosnian 10 15 0 0 0 0
Bulgarian 0 0 10 0 0 0
Croatian 10 10 10 0 0 0
Czech 0 0 0 0 0 0
Macedonian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Polish 95 70 25 0 0 0
Russian 155 60 95 0 0 0
Serbian 10 0 0 0 0 0
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slovak 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ukrainian 20 0 20 10 0 0
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Celtic languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 0 0 0
Welsh 0 0 0 0 0 0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Germanic languages 80 45 40 15 10 0
Afrikaans 15 10 10 0 0 0
Danish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dutch 0 0 0 0 10 0
Frisian 0 0 0 0 0 0
German 55 35 20 10 0 0
Icelandic 0 0 0 0 0 0
Norwegian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swedish 10 0 10 0 0 0
Vlaams (Flemish) 10 0 0 0 0 0
Yiddish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Greek 10 0 0 0 0 0
Indo-Iranian languages 1,800 1,070 730 10 0 10
Indo-Aryan languages 1,660 985 675 10 0 0
Bengali 15 0 10 0 0 0
Gujarati 15 0 10 0 0 0
Hindi 105 50 55 0 0 0
Kashmiri 0 0 0 0 0 0
Konkani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Marathi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nepali 30 15 10 0 0 0
Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Punjabi (Panjabi) 1,370 860 515 0 0 0
Sindhi 10 0 10 0 0 0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 10 10 0 0 0 0
Urdu 105 40 65 0 0 10
Iranian languages 135 80 50 0 0 0
Kurdish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pashto 15 15 0 0 0 0
Persian (Farsi) 115 70 50 0 0 0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 10 0 0 0 0 0
Italic (Romance) languages 840 405 435 10 0 0
Catalan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Italian 0 10 0 0 0 0
Portuguese 90 45 50 0 0 0
Romanian 50 30 20 0 0 0
Spanish 690 320 370 10 0 0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Japanese 90 35 55 0 0 10
Kartvelian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Georgian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Korean 475 195 275 0 10 0
Mongolic languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mongolian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Niger-Congo languages 25 0 20 0 0 0
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bamanankan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Edo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ewe 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ganda 0 0 0 0 0 0
Igbo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lingala 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shona 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swahili 20 10 10 0 0 0
Wolof 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yoruba 10 0 0 0 0 0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dinka 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sign languages 55 20 35 0 0 0
American Sign Language 25 0 15 0 0 0
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sign languages, n.i.e 30 15 15 0 0 0
Sino-Tibetan languages 4,370 2,335 2,035 10 10 0
Chinese languages 4,335 2,315 2,020 10 0 0
Cantonese 2,830 1,465 1,370 0 0 0
Hakka 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mandarin 1,360 775 595 10 10 10
Min Dong 0 0 0 0 0 0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 15 0 10 0 0 0
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chinese, n.o.s. 125 75 50 0 0 0
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages 35 20 15 0 0 0
Burmese 15 10 0 0 0 0
Karenic languages 15 10 0 0 0 0
Tibetan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 10 0 0 0 0 0
Tai-Kadai languages 10 0 0 0 0 0
Lao 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thai 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0 0 0
Turkic languages 25 10 15 0 0 0
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Turkish 25 10 15 0 0 0
Uyghur 0 0 0 0 0 0
Uzbek 0 0 0 0 0 0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Uralic languages 40 30 15 0 0 10
Estonian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Finnish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hungarian 45 30 15 10 0 10
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 10 10 0 0 0 0
Multiple responses 9,540 4,560 4,980 140 50 90
English and French 1,520 610 910 45 10 30
English and non-official language 7,865 3,875 3,985 90 30 60
French and non-official language 20 10 15 0 0 0
English, French and non-official language 135 65 70 10 0 0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179 772,240 407,275 364,965 44,440 22,780 21,655
None 735,970 388,870 347,100 43,650 22,420 21,230
English 4,995 2,365 2,635 100 25 75
French 7,140 3,250 3,895 515 240 270
Non-official language 23,500 12,465 11,040 175 95 80
Aboriginal 75 15 55 15 10 10
Non-Aboriginal 23,425 12,445 10,980 165 90 75
English and French 25 10 15 0 0 0
English and non-official language 105 50 60 0 0 0
French and non-official language 500 270 225 0 0 0
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180 1,207,065 602,690 604,375 82,745 40,480 42,270
Non-movers 1,015,150 505,630 509,515 72,900 35,690 37,205
Movers 191,915 97,060 94,860 9,850 4,790 5,055
Non-migrants 143,215 73,025 70,190 3,245 1,495 1,750
Migrants 48,705 24,035 24,670 6,605 3,295 3,310
Internal migrants 28,085 13,815 14,265 6,465 3,230 3,240
Intraprovincial migrants 13,575 6,805 6,775 6,065 3,015 3,055
Interprovincial migrants 14,510 7,010 7,495 400 220 185
External migrants 20,615 10,215 10,400 140 65 75
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181 1,144,745 570,630 574,115 80,030 39,080 40,950
Non-movers 616,085 305,515 310,565 51,930 25,620 26,310
Movers 528,665 265,110 263,550 28,100 13,455 14,645
Non-migrants 331,685 167,650 164,035 9,840 4,585 5,250
Migrants 196,975 97,460 99,515 18,260 8,875 9,390
Internal migrants 109,755 54,860 54,895 17,695 8,605 9,090
Intraprovincial migrants 40,215 20,135 20,080 16,650 8,075 8,575
Interprovincial migrants 69,535 34,725 34,815 1,045 530 515
External migrants 87,225 42,605 44,620 570 265 305

Source

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Calgary, CY [Census subdivision], Alberta and Northumberland, CTY [Census division], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed March 28, 2024).

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