Census Profile, 2016 Census
Penticton, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Arviat [Population centre], Nunavut

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Penticton, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Arviat Nunavut [Population centre]
	Data quality , Penticton, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Penticton, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Arviat [Population centre], Nunavut Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	33,761	...	...	2,514	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	32,877	...	...	1,810	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.7	...	...	38.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	16,895	...	...	598	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	15,740	...	...	561	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	801.8	...	...	1,027.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	42.10	...	...	2.45	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	33,760	15,855	17,905	2,515	1,250	1,265
0 to 14 years	4,010	2,065	1,945	905	455	455
0 to 4 years	1,245	655	595	330	170	160
5 to 9 years	1,415	710	710	325	150	175
10 to 14 years	1,345	705	645	255	140	115
15 to 64 years	19,945	9,465	10,480	1,520	750	775
15 to 19 years	1,605	780	820	270	130	145
20 to 24 years	1,520	780	740	240	110	130
25 to 29 years	1,615	795	825	205	100	105
30 to 34 years	1,735	840	895	175	85	90
35 to 39 years	1,685	830	855	140	75	65
40 to 44 years	1,690	790	900	145	70	75
45 to 49 years	1,940	890	1,045	135	70	65
50 to 54 years	2,430	1,130	1,300	95	55	45
55 to 59 years	2,965	1,360	1,605	65	30	35
60 to 64 years	2,765	1,275	1,495	55	25	25
65 years and over	9,805	4,325	5,485	85	45	35
65 to 69 years	2,600	1,240	1,360	40	20	15
70 to 74 years	2,105	960	1,140	25	15	10
75 to 79 years	1,760	735	1,025	10	5	5
80 to 84 years	1,565	715	855	10	5	5
85 years and over	1,770	675	1,100	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	1,080	445	630	5	0	0
90 to 94 years	525	175	350	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	150	40	105	0	0	0
100 years and over	25	10	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.9	13.0	10.9	36.0	36.4	36.0
15 to 64 years	59.1	59.7	58.5	60.4	60.0	61.3
65 years and over	29.0	27.3	30.6	3.4	3.6	2.8
85 years and over	5.2	4.3	6.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	48.7	47.3	50.0	25.2	25.6	24.8
Median age of the population	52.4	50.8	53.7	21.6	21.6	21.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	15,740	...	...	560	...	...
Single-detached house	6,745	...	...	300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	945	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	7,470	...	...	260	...	...
Semi-detached house	605	...	...	45	...	...
Row house	1,545	...	...	175	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	775	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,435	...	...	45	...	...
Other single-attached house	105	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	580	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	15,740	...	...	560	...	...
1 person	5,770	...	...	85	...	...
2 persons	6,155	...	...	60	...	...
3 persons	1,835	...	...	80	...	...
4 persons	1,310	...	...	80	...	...
5 or more persons	670	...	...	250	...	...
Number of persons in private households	32,490	...	...	2,510	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	4.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	29,750	13,790	15,960	1,605	795	810
Married or living common law	16,200	8,075	8,125	795	395	405
Married	13,310	6,640	6,675	530	265	265
Living common law	2,880	1,435	1,450	270	135	135
Not married and not living common law	13,550	5,715	7,840	810	400	410
Never married	6,640	3,535	3,110	735	380	360
Separated	1,060	445	615	20	5	20
Divorced	3,020	1,125	1,895	15	5	5
Widowed	2,835	610	2,220	40	10	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	9,505	...	...	555	...	...
2 persons	6,230	...	...	140	...	...
3 persons	1,700	...	...	130	...	...
4 persons	1,175	...	...	95	...	...
5 or more persons	400	...	...	195	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	9,505	...	...	555	...	...
Total couple families	7,860	...	...	395	...	...
Married couples	6,415	...	...	260	...	...
Common-law couples	1,440	...	...	130	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,645	...	...	160	...	...
Female parent	1,315	...	...	115	...	...
Male parent	330	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	7,860	...	...	395	...	...
Couples without children	5,160	...	...	60	...	...
Couples with children	2,700	...	...	335	...	...
1 child	1,260	...	...	85	...	...
2 children	1,070	...	...	70	...	...
3 or more children	370	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,645	...	...	165	...	...
1 child	1,065	...	...	80	...	...
2 children	440	...	...	45	...	...
3 or more children	135	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,125	3,495	4,625	245	135	110
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	15,740	...	...	560	...	...
One-census-family households	9,055	...	...	365	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	4,965	...	...	30	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	4,090	...	...	340	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	220	...	...	85	...	...
Non-census-family households	6,460	...	...	110	...	...
One-person households	5,775	...	...	90	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	695	...	...	20	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	33,040	15,595	17,450	2,515	1,255	1,265
English only	30,690	14,575	16,120	2,060	1,025	1,040
French only	20	5	15	0	0	0
English and French	2,150	940	1,210	35	15	15
Neither English nor French	180	70	115	415	215	205
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	33,045	15,590	17,450	2,515	1,255	1,260
English	32,260	15,250	17,020	2,090	1,035	1,055
French	555	260	295	5	5	0
English and French	50	20	25	5	0	5
Neither English nor French	175	65	110	415	215	205
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	580	270	305	10	5	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.8	1.7	1.7	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	33,045	15,595	17,455	2,510	1,250	1,260
Single responses	32,685	15,425	17,260	2,480	1,235	1,245
Official languages	29,140	13,865	15,275	185	95	95
English	28,535	13,590	14,945	185	90	90
French	610	275	335	5	0	0
Non-official languages	3,545	1,565	1,985	2,295	1,145	1,150
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	2,275	1,135	1,140
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	2,275	1,135	1,140
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Inuktitut	0	0	5	2,265	1,135	1,135
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	5	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,525	1,555	1,975	20	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	5	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	15	5	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	10	0	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	75	30	40	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	30	40	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205	70	135	5	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	185	65	120	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,765	1,255	1,510	5	5	5
Albanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	430	160	265	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	420	155	265	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Czech	50	20	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	70	25	45	0	5	0
Russian	80	35	50	0	0	0
Serbian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	10	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	110	40	70	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,060	475	590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	20	5	15	0	0	0
Danish	40	10	30	0	0	0
Dutch	215	95	120	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	5	0	0	0
German	735	335	400	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Swedish	30	15	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	25	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	680	330	345	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	660	320	335	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	25	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	610	295	315	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	515	240	270	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	135	65	65	0	0	0
Portuguese	235	110	120	0	0	0
Romanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	130	55	75	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	15	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	30	40	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	145	60	90	0	0	0
Chinese languages	140	55	85	5	0	0
Cantonese	80	35	50	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	20	25	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	140	60	80	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	110	50	65	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	360	165	195	30	15	15
English and French	85	40	40	0	0	0
English and non-official language	260	115	145	30	15	15
French and non-official language	15	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	33,045	15,595	17,455	2,515	1,255	1,265
Single responses	32,460	15,335	17,120	2,485	1,235	1,250
Official languages	31,260	14,795	16,465	215	105	110
English	31,085	14,710	16,370	215	105	110
French	180	80	95	0	0	0
Non-official languages	1,200	545	655	2,270	1,130	1,140
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	2,260	1,130	1,135
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	2,265	1,130	1,140
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	2,255	1,125	1,130
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,195	545	655	10	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	5	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	5	0	0	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	0	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	90	40	45	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	45	40	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	865	395	470	10	5	0
Albanian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	40	50	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	5	10	0	0	0
Russian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Serbian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	130	55	75	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	100	45	50	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	470	225	245	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	465	225	240	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	435	210	225	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	65	80	10	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	85	40	50	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	35	10	20	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	20	30	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Cantonese	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	5	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	5	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	585	255	330	30	15	10
English and French	40	15	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language	540	240	300	30	15	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	33,045	15,595	17,455	2,515	1,250	1,260
None	31,095	14,720	16,375	1,790	885	905
English	555	255	300	620	305	310
French	350	150	200	10	5	5
Non-official language	1,020	455	565	100	55	45
Aboriginal	30	15	15	75	40	35
Non-Aboriginal	990	440	550	25	15	10
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	28,495	13,290	15,205	1,600	790	805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,945	13,040	14,905	1,430	710	725
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,505	36,301	26,544	22,656	21,312	23,232
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,975	13,060	14,915	1,430	710	720
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,736	32,069	24,815	22,229	21,056	23,002
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	25,005	11,800	13,200	1,080	550	525
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,041	32,603	21,502	22,656	24,608	19,168
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	21,485	9,340	12,145	1,420	705	715
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,849	10,595	9,416	3,940	1,876	5,904
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,205	9,420	9,790	1,030	520	510
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,990	31,075	22,434	22,208	24,000	19,008
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	28,495	13,290	15,200	1,595	795	805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,970	13,045	14,925	1,430	705	725
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,417	50,302	33,651	39,337	38,501	40,157
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,015	13,075	14,940	1,430	705	725
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,471	41,978	29,778	34,293	33,216	35,350
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,970	11,815	13,155	1,080	550	530
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,243	47,749	29,709	42,940	43,729	42,117
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	21,480	9,450	12,035	1,420	705	715
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,476	9,759	9,254	7,001	4,542	9,420
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,210	9,390	9,820	1,025	520	510
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,714	40,340	29,334	42,399	42,994	41,795
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	28,495	13,290	15,200	1,600	790	805
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	7,260	3,800	3,460	395	190	210
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,879	52,210	42,454	82,560	81,280	84,544
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	54,797	60,605	48,412	77,479	78,118	76,898
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.1	85.7	77.5	82.4	88.8	76.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	60.0	62.9	56.3	77.6	82.4	73.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.9	14.3	22.5	17.7	11.7	23.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	28,495	13,290	15,200	1,595	790	805
Without total income	545	250	300	165	80	80
With total income	27,945	13,040	14,905	1,430	705	725
Percentage with total income	98.1	98.1	98.1	89.7	89.2	90.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,165	1,265	1,905	445	260	185
$10,000 to $19,999	5,735	2,235	3,500	215	80	130
$20,000 to $29,999	4,870	1,940	2,930	200	85	120
$30,000 to $39,999	3,890	1,685	2,195	130	55	70
$40,000 to $49,999	3,055	1,485	1,575	70	40	35
$50,000 to $59,999	2,135	1,150	985	40	20	15
$60,000 to $69,999	1,490	900	590	40	25	20
$70,000 to $79,999	1,020	620	400	35	20	20
$80,000 to $89,999	730	455	275	35	25	15
$90,000 to $99,999	495	310	185	35	20	20
$100,000 and over	1,355	990	370	185	85	95
$100,000 to $149,999	920	660	255	155	75	80
$150,000 and over	435	325	115	30	15	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	28,495	13,295	15,200	1,600	790	805
Without after-tax income	520	230	290	165	85	80
With after-tax income	27,975	13,065	14,915	1,435	710	725
Percentage with after-tax income	98.2	98.3	98.1	89.7	89.9	90.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,370	1,360	2,010	445	260	185
$10,000 to $19,999	6,010	2,425	3,590	220	85	135
$20,000 to $29,999	5,785	2,340	3,445	220	95	130
$30,000 to $39,999	4,410	2,025	2,385	130	65	70
$40,000 to $49,999	3,045	1,550	1,495	60	30	30
$50,000 to $59,999	1,950	1,130	815	50	30	25
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220	745	475	50	25	25
$70,000 to $79,999	790	500	285	50	30	20
$80,000 and over	1,405	995	415	195	90	105
$80,000 to $89,999	435	290	150	45	20	25
$90,000 to $99,999	270	195	80	45	25	25
$100,000 and over	700	505	190	105	50	55
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	28,495	13,290	15,200	1,600	795	805
Without employment income	9,285	3,875	5,415	570	275	295
With employment income	19,210	9,420	9,790	1,030	515	510
Percentage with employment income	67.4	70.9	64.4	64.4	64.8	63.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,935	1,800	2,135	230	115	120
$5,000 to $9,999	1,620	715	905	120	45	75
$10,000 to $19,999	2,615	1,095	1,525	140	70	70
$20,000 to $29,999	2,345	995	1,350	100	60	45
$30,000 to $39,999	2,130	945	1,185	65	40	20
$40,000 to $49,999	1,760	840	925	35	20	15
$50,000 to $59,999	1,320	720	595	40	20	20
$60,000 to $69,999	990	610	380	40	20	25
$70,000 to $79,999	720	430	290	20	10	10
$80,000 and over	1,770	1,270	505	240	115	120
$80,000 to $89,999	525	330	195	40	25	15
$90,000 to $99,999	360	255	110	35	10	25
$100,000 and over	880	685	195	160	85	80
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	15,740	...	...	560	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	54,219	...	...	76,160	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	48,472	...	...	71,808	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	5,775	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,090	...	...	33,664	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,916	...	...	31,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	9,965	...	...	470	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,071	...	...	81,152	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,675	...	...	77,312	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	15,740	...	...	560	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,599	...	...	100,411	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,133	...	...	87,537	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,790	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,598	...	...	60,285	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,915	...	...	49,611	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	9,950	...	...	475	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,551	...	...	107,776	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,720	...	...	94,498	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	15,740	...	...	560	...	...
Under $5,000	150	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	165	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	625	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	950	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,050	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	850	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	930	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	950	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	820	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	775	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,385	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,190	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,030	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	835	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	710	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,335	...	...	235	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,340	...	...	55	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	780	...	...	55	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	730	...	...	55	...	...
$200,000 and over	485	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	15,740	...	...	560	...	...
Under $5,000	175	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	170	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	630	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	980	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,215	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,005	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,130	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,030	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	950	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	815	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,515	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,300	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,010	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	805	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	720	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,295	...	...	195	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,100	...	...	65	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	575	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 and over	620	...	...	95	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	9,435	...	...	470	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,652	...	...	81,344	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,230	...	...	78,421	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	4,895	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,701	...	...	192,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,928	...	...	161,280	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,725	...	...	325	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,856	...	...	94,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,725	...	...	85,760	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,555	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,227	...	...	45,056	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,077	...	...	44,416	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	9,455	...	...	470	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,576	...	...	106,273	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,550	...	...	93,409	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	4,920	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,890	...	...	178,629	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,261	...	...	149,991	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,695	...	...	320	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	143,699	...	...	111,871	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	119,664	...	...	98,949	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,570	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,086	...	...	72,918	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,060	...	...	64,134	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	7,470	3,220	4,250	110	70	40
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,456	27,570	27,364	30,656	22,656	68,864
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,661	25,733	25,620	29,248	21,696	59,776
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	7,435	3,165	4,270	110	70	40
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,578	37,230	34,352	59,528	53,903	69,624
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,254	32,201	30,550	48,615	43,614	57,592
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	32,490	15,350	17,140	2,510	1,250	1,260
In the bottom half of the distribution	18,945	8,555	10,395	1,635	825	810
In the bottom decile	3,575	1,680	1,895	500	250	250
In the second decile	4,385	1,830	2,550	345	170	170
In the third decile	3,885	1,725	2,160	300	165	140
In the fourth decile	3,615	1,680	1,935	255	130	125
In the fifth decile	3,485	1,640	1,850	225	105	125
In the top half of the distribution	13,545	6,795	6,750	880	425	450
In the sixth decile	3,325	1,625	1,700	165	80	80
In the seventh decile	2,950	1,430	1,510	150	75	80
In the eighth decile	2,715	1,400	1,315	175	85	90
In the ninth decile	2,485	1,260	1,225	140	65	75
In the top decile	2,070	1,075	1,000	245	125	125
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	32,490	15,350	17,140	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	4,960	2,505	2,450	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	1,515	775	735	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	18,670	8,840	9,825	0	0	0
65 years and over	8,860	3,995	4,860	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,530	2,365	3,160	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	1,060	525	540	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	330	155	175	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	2,960	1,300	1,660	0	0	0
65 years and over	1,505	545	960	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.0	15.4	18.4	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	21.4	21.0	22.0	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	21.8	20.0	23.8	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	15.9	14.7	16.9	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	17.0	13.6	19.8	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,690	1,315	1,375	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	510	240	265	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	165	75	85	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	1,985	995	990	0	0	0
65 years and over	200	75	125	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.3	8.6	8.0	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	10.3	9.6	10.8	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	10.9	9.7	11.6	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	10.6	11.3	10.1	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	2.3	1.9	2.6	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	32,490	15,360	17,130	2,510	1,250	1,260
Official languages	32,305	15,300	17,010	2,095	1,040	1,055
English	32,285	15,290	17,000	2,095	1,035	1,055
French	2,225	990	1,225	35	15	20
Non-official languages	4,445	1,930	2,510	2,410	1,205	1,200
Aboriginal languages	40	15	30	2,380	1,190	1,185
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	2,380	1,190	1,185
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	2,380	1,190	1,190
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	10	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,400	1,915	2,480	35	15	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	10	20	0	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	15	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	95	50	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	85	45	40	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	265	60	205	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	245	50	195	10	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,470	1,600	1,870	10	10	0
Albanian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	460	195	260	0	10	0
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	450	195	255	0	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Czech	55	25	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	125	55	70	0	10	0
Russian	120	45	70	0	0	0
Serbian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	40	10	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,125	525	595	0	0	0
Afrikaans	50	20	25	0	0	0
Danish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Dutch	230	105	125	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	835	405	435	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	810	400	405	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	785	385	395	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	100	55	50	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	740	360	375	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	20	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,090	495	595	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Italian	240	125	110	0	0	0
Portuguese	275	135	140	0	0	0
Romanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	630	270	360	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	90	40	55	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	35	50	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	0	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	20	20	0	0	10
American Sign Language	20	15	10	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	145	65	85	10	10	0
Chinese languages	145	65	80	0	0	0
Cantonese	60	20	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	30	50	0	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	15	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	170	50	120	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	30	0	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	140	45	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	32,490	15,355	17,135	2,510	1,250	1,255
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	31,295	14,750	16,540	2,500	1,245	1,255
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,790	2,445	2,340	1,075	530	540
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	26,505	12,305	14,200	1,425	710	715
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,195	610	590	10	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	32,490	15,360	17,130	2,505	1,250	1,260
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	27,710	13,175	14,540	2,485	1,235	1,245
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,655	2,110	2,545	20	15	10
Before 1981	2,605	1,220	1,385	0	0	10
1981 to 1990	495	185	305	0	10	0
1991 to 2000	610	225	385	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	560	275	285	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	230	120	115	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	330	155	175	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	380	200	180	10	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	125	70	50	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,660	2,110	2,545	25	10	10
Under 5 years	480	265	210	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	690	275	410	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	1,225	535	690	10	0	0
25 to 44 years	1,855	860	1,000	10	0	0
45 years and over	400	170	235	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,660	2,115	2,545	25	10	10
Americas	610	265	340	10	0	10
Brazil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	10	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	35	15	20	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	410	175	235	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	100	50	50	0	0	0
Europe	2,680	1,285	1,395	0	10	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	40	25	10	0	0	0
France	50	35	20	0	0	0
Germany	395	205	190	0	0	0
Greece	25	10	10	0	0	0
Hungary	100	40	65	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Italy	120	80	45	0	0	0
Netherlands	200	105	95	0	0	0
Poland	100	40	60	0	0	0
Portugal	225	120	110	0	0	0
Romania	45	25	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	0	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	40	15	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	980	445	530	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	295	135	160	0	0	0
Africa	120	45	75	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	80	35	50	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	15	10	0	10
Asia	1,160	455	705	10	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	85	40	45	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	45	15	30	0	0	0
India	525	255	270	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Iraq	15	0	10	0	0	0
Japan	20	0	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	70	35	35	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	240	30	205	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	55	25	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	25	50	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	90	60	30	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	380	205	180	10	0	0
Americas	50	20	25	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	10	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	135	70	60	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	30	25	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	35	20	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	65	30	30	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	155	70	85	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	70	40	30	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	30	0	30	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	35	30	0	0	0	0
Australia	30	25	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	32,490	15,355	17,130	2,505	1,250	1,255
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,980	2,295	2,685	20	10	15
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	6,980	3,315	3,665	35	15	20
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	20,530	9,750	10,775	2,445	1,220	1,230
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,120	915	1,205	20	10	10
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	885	395	490	10	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	485	270	220	10	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	395	125	270	0	10	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,095	450	650	0	0	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	130	70	60	10	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	32,490	15,360	17,130	2,505	1,250	1,255
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,220	1,050	1,170	2,390	1,185	1,205
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,135	995	1,140	2,390	1,185	1,205
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	920	405	515	10	0	0
Métis	1,175	560	615	10	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	40	30	10	2,375	1,185	1,195
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	70	45	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	30,270	14,305	15,960	120	65	60
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	32,490	15,360	17,130	2,510	1,250	1,260
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	580	275	305	10	10	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	31,910	15,085	16,825	2,495	1,245	1,250
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	32,490	15,355	17,135	2,510	1,250	1,255
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	335	165	170	2,245	1,120	1,125
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	315	155	160	2,245	1,120	1,125
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	190	90	100	0	10	0
Métis single ancestry	115	55	60	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	2,240	1,115	1,125
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,325	1,060	1,265	125	60	70
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,255	1,045	1,205	125	60	65
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,305	585	725	0	0	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	920	440	480	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	25	0	120	60	65
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	75	10	60	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	10	65	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	29,830	14,135	15,695	135	70	65
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	32,490	15,355	17,130	2,510	1,250	1,260
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,270	1,020	1,250	20	10	15
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	920	455	470	0	0	0
Chinese	245	125	125	0	0	0
Black	95	30	60	10	10	10
Filipino	350	100	255	10	0	0
Latin American	105	45	60	0	0	0
Arab	30	15	10	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	150	70	80	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Korean	95	35	55	0	0	0
Japanese	150	70	75	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	25	0	20	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	75	55	25	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	30,220	14,335	15,880	2,485	1,240	1,245
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	32,490	15,355	17,130	2,510	1,250	1,255
North American Aboriginal origins	2,665	1,225	1,435	2,375	1,180	1,190
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,590	700	895	10	10	0
Inuit	35	30	0	2,365	1,175	1,190
Métis	1,125	520	605	0	0	10
Other North American origins	8,900	4,200	4,705	95	45	50
Acadian	80	40	45	0	0	0
American	675	350	325	10	10	0
Canadian	8,425	3,945	4,480	85	40	40
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	25	15	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	26,630	12,490	14,140	165	85	80
British Isles origins	17,795	8,400	9,395	120	60	60
Channel Islander	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	10	0	0	0
English	11,445	5,515	5,930	60	30	25
Irish	6,270	2,755	3,520	25	15	10
Manx	15	0	15	0	0	0
Scottish	7,850	3,700	4,145	70	35	35
Welsh	930	450	480	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	790	315	475	0	0	0
French origins	4,030	1,735	2,295	15	15	0
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	4,030	1,735	2,295	15	15	0
Western European origins (except French origins)	8,395	3,800	4,595	25	15	10
Austrian	545	225	320	0	0	0
Bavarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	200	75	120	0	0	10
Dutch	1,925	880	1,040	0	0	0
Flemish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	6,190	2,750	3,440	20	10	10
Luxembourger	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	265	150	110	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,160	1,370	1,790	10	0	0
Danish	445	170	270	0	0	0
Finnish	280	130	150	0	0	0
Icelandic	250	115	135	0	0	0
Norwegian	1,380	600	785	0	0	0
Swedish	1,030	425	600	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	115	75	40	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	5,280	2,395	2,890	10	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	170	95	75	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	90	25	65	0	0	0
Estonian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	700	280	415	0	0	0
Latvian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	65	40	30	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,335	585	750	0	0	0
Romanian	285	130	155	0	0	0
Russian	1,140	490	645	0	0	0
Slovak	140	75	65	0	0	0
Ukrainian	2,180	1,045	1,130	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	0	10	0	10	0
Southern European origins	2,445	1,175	1,270	0	0	0
Albanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	180	95	90	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	150	80	75	0	0	0
Italian	1,285	610	680	0	0	0
Kosovar	10	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	510	255	250	10	0	0
Serbian	65	40	20	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Spanish	290	105	180	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	200	85	110	20	10	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	70	35	40	10	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	125	55	70	15	10	10
Caribbean origins	75	30	40	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	10	0	10	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	315	165	150	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chilean	25	20	10	0	0	0
Colombian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	30	15	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mexican	115	60	55	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	35	30	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	15	10	10	0	0	0
African origins	265	120	140	20	10	10
Central and West African origins	10	0	10	10	0	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	15	10	10	0	0	0
Algerian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	65	20	45	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	60	25	35	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	175	85	90	10	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	40	20	20	10	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	130	70	65	10	0	10
Asian origins	2,285	1,050	1,230	15	10	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	150	85	65	10	10	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	20	10	10	10	0	0
Armenian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	35	30	0	10	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	10	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	910	445	460	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	775	380	400	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	20	15	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	140	70	70	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,215	515	700	10	10	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Chinese	400	200	195	0	10	0
Filipino	405	115	285	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	175	85	90	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	95	35	60	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	35	10	25	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	120	70	50	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	205	110	95	0	0	0
Australian	120	65	55	0	0	0
New Zealander	30	30	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	60	20	40	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Maori	15	0	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	15,740	...	...	560	...	...
Owner	9,955	...	...	110	...	...
Renter	5,785	...	...	455	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	15,740	...	...	565	...	...
Condominium	3,770	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	11,970	...	...	560	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	15,740	...	...	560	...	...
No bedrooms	140	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,355	...	...	50	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,850	...	...	255	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,240	...	...	155	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,150	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	15,740	...	...	560	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,090	...	...	275	...	...
5 rooms	3,095	...	...	145	...	...
6 rooms	1,990	...	...	90	...	...
7 rooms	1,645	...	...	30	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,915	...	...	15	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	15,740	...	...	565	...	...
One person or fewer per room	15,650	...	...	350	...	...
More than 1 person per room	85	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	15,740	...	...	560	...	...
Suitable	15,290	...	...	295	...	...
Not suitable	455	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	15,740	...	...	565	...	...
1960 or before	2,800	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,225	...	...	165	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,560	...	...	100	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,490	...	...	100	...	...
2001 to 2005	775	...	...	25	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,175	...	...	60	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	705	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	15,740	...	...	560	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	14,825	...	...	375	...	...
Major repairs needed	920	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	15,740	...	...	565	...	...
1 household maintainer	9,635	...	...	410	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,735	...	...	140	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	375	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	15,740	...	...	565	...	...
15 to 24 years	415	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,520	...	...	130	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,740	...	...	160	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,625	...	...	130	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,435	...	...	70	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,870	...	...	40	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,150	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	985	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	15,650	...	...	560	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	11,195	...	...	540	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,455	...	...	20	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,040	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,875	...	...	105	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	52.8	...	...	42.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	16.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	785	...	...	1,014	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,022	...	...	1,165	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	359,167	...	...	200,032	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	394,344	...	...	227,206	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,785	...	...	455	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.5	...	...	70.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	49.4	...	...	2.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	904	...	...	130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,035	...	...	476	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	28,490	13,290	15,200	1,600	795	805
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,225	2,575	2,650	960	490	465
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,770	3,930	4,845	245	100	145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,495	6,785	7,710	395	200	195
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,300	2,310	990	90	75	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,465	795	670	45	35	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,835	1,515	320	45	40	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,105	2,185	3,920	200	95	110
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	855	300	550	15	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,240	1,990	2,245	85	30	55
Bachelor's degree	2,735	1,260	1,475	50	15	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	320	125	200	0	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	180	95	85	0	0	0
Master's degree	880	425	460	35	15	20
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	115	90	25	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	16,565	7,700	8,865	1,010	510	500
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,015	1,130	885	520	275	245
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,970	2,355	2,615	140	70	75
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,580	4,215	5,370	355	175	175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,900	1,325	580	80	65	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	875	455	415	40	30	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,030	865	160	40	35	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,125	1,435	2,695	180	75	105
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	525	165	355	10	10	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,030	1,290	1,745	80	30	50
Bachelor's degree	1,995	840	1,155	45	15	30
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	245	100	145	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	140	65	75	0	0	0
Master's degree	590	235	355	35	10	20
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	65	50	15	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	28,490	13,290	15,200	1,600	790	805
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,995	6,505	7,495	1,205	590	610
Education	1,325	425	895	50	20	30
13. Education	1,325	420	900	50	20	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	430	180	245	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	85	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	315	95	215	10	0	0
Humanities	565	235	330	20	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	40	0	35	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	135	65	70	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	185	65	120	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	10	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	35	20	0	10	0
54. History	95	50	45	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,220	415	805	40	10	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	25	45	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	315	30	285	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	225	80	150	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	0	10	10
42. Psychology	205	55	145	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	360	200	155	0	10	0
Business, management and public administration	2,665	900	1,770	90	25	70
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	200	25	175	10	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,455	875	1,580	80	20	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	390	225	165	15	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	175	100	75	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	35	25	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	90	65	25	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	20	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	240	170	75	0	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	150	125	25	0	0	10
25. Library science	40	0	35	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	20	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	15	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,165	2,910	260	95	90	10
04. Architecture and related services	70	30	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	240	215	30	0	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	575	485	85	0	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	870	815	55	55	50	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	880	855	25	20	20	0
48. Precision production	535	505	30	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	385	245	140	15	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	260	150	105	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	95	30	10	10	10
Health and related fields	2,950	570	2,375	25	10	25
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	265	155	110	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,630	390	2,235	25	0	20
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	55	25	30	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,160	520	640	45	30	15
12. Personal and culinary services	810	210	605	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	110	85	25	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	220	205	15	25	25	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	16,565	7,695	8,870	1,010	515	500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,985	3,485	3,500	660	340	320
Education	770	215	565	45	15	30
13. Education	775	210	565	40	15	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	320	125	190	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	50	15	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	250	75	175	10	10	0
Humanities	385	165	220	20	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	30	0	25	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	105	50	55	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115	50	65	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	15	10	0	0
54. History	70	30	40	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	15	10	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	880	275	600	35	0	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	10	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	25	40	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	195	20	175	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	170	50	120	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	150	25	125	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	270	140	125	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	1,715	515	1,195	85	20	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	160	15	150	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,535	505	1,035	75	15	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	235	115	125	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	125	65	60	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	15	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	35	20	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	0	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	205	140	65	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	145	120	25	10	10	0
25. Library science	25	0	25	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	0	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,990	1,775	210	80	80	10
04. Architecture and related services	55	15	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	180	150	30	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	410	345	65	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	555	510	50	45	45	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	500	480	20	15	15	0
48. Precision production	300	280	15	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	290	175	110	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	200	120	80	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	60	35	10	10	0
Health and related fields	2,035	385	1,645	30	10	20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	190	110	75	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,800	255	1,545	20	0	20
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	20	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	765	320	440	40	25	15
12. Personal and culinary services	535	130	405	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	90	65	20	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	140	125	15	20	20	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	28,495	13,290	15,200	1,595	795	805
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,000	6,505	7,490	1,200	590	615
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	14,495	6,785	7,705	395	205	195
Location of study inside Canada	12,400	5,685	6,715	385	195	190
Same as province or territory of residence	8,780	3,975	4,800	235	115	125
Different than province or territory of residence	3,615	1,705	1,915	145	85	65
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,100	1,105	995	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	520	325	200	0	0	0
Philippines	115	25	85	10	0	0
India	125	70	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	415	215	200	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	0	15	0	0	0
France	30	25	0	0	0	0
Other	865	435	430	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	16,565	7,695	8,865	1,015	515	500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,985	3,480	3,500	660	335	320
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	9,580	4,215	5,370	350	175	180
Location of study inside Canada	8,480	3,685	4,800	345	170	175
Same as province or territory of residence	6,380	2,740	3,640	215	95	115
Different than province or territory of residence	2,095	940	1,160	135	75	60
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,100	535	565	10	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	285	160	125	10	0	0
Philippines	100	25	75	0	0	10
India	100	50	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	170	80	85	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	15	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other	420	200	215	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	28,490	13,290	15,200	1,595	795	805
In the labour force	16,250	8,020	8,235	990	500	495
Employed	14,830	7,210	7,620	650	300	345
Unemployed	1,425	810	615	340	200	145
Not in the labour force	12,240	5,270	6,965	610	295	315
Participation rate	57.0	60.3	54.2	62.1	62.9	61.5
Employment rate	52.1	54.3	50.1	40.8	37.7	42.9
Unemployment rate	8.8	10.1	7.5	34.3	40.0	29.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	28,495	13,290	15,200	1,595	795	805
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	11,465	4,925	6,540	690	340	350
Worked	17,030	8,365	8,665	910	455	455
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	7,410	3,895	3,520	405	195	210
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	9,615	4,470	5,145	500	260	245
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.9	41.1	40.6	35.4	34.2	36.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	16,255	8,020	8,235	995	505	490
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	290	130	155	185	95	85
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	15,965	7,885	8,080	810	405	400
Employee	13,780	6,585	7,195	800	400	400
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,180	1,300	885	0	0	0
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	16,250	8,020	8,235	990	500	490
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	285	130	155	180	95	85
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	15,965	7,885	8,080	810	405	400
0 Management occupations	1,640	935	705	30	15	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,115	480	1,630	105	30	75
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	715	540	180	15	15	10
3 Health occupations	1,380	260	1,120	25	0	20
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,410	450	955	200	55	145
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	405	190	220	20	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	4,685	1,850	2,840	235	100	130
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,555	2,380	170	165	160	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	520	370	155	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	530	430	105	10	0	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	16,250	8,020	8,235	990	500	490
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	290	130	155	180	95	90
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	15,965	7,885	8,080	805	405	400
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	510	295	215	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	200	180	20	60	45	15
22 Utilities	65	45	15	10	10	0
23 Construction	1,455	1,315	140	50	45	10
31-33 Manufacturing	1,070	830	245	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	360	260	100	35	25	15
44-45 Retail trade	2,385	1,045	1,335	120	50	70
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	450	335	120	10	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	215	100	120	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	480	165	315	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	360	180	185	40	30	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	735	375	360	0	10	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	10	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	635	410	225	10	10	0
61 Educational services	840	305	535	135	40	95
62 Health care and social assistance	2,385	465	1,925	85	15	70
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	410	185	225	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,785	695	1,090	20	0	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	730	255	470	15	10	10
91 Public administration	870	430	445	195	100	95
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	14,825	7,205	7,615	650	305	345
Worked at home	1,145	525	615	10	0	10
Worked outside Canada	70	35	35	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,815	1,355	460	60	50	15
Worked at usual place	11,800	5,295	6,510	585	250	330
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	11,800	5,295	6,510	585	250	330
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10,070	4,350	5,720	530	215	310
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,090	555	530	50	30	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	470	280	190	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	170	105	65	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	13,615	6,645	6,965	640	300	340
Car, truck, van - as a driver	9,975	4,900	5,075	135	70	70
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	980	445	535	65	15	45
Public transit	295	100	190	0	0	0
Walked	1,665	715	955	350	160	190
Bicycle	345	245	105	0	0	0
Other method	345	250	100	85	50	35
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	13,615	6,650	6,965	640	295	340
Less than 15 minutes	8,855	4,000	4,855	530	250	280
15 to 29 minutes	2,975	1,505	1,465	80	35	45
30 to 44 minutes	970	600	370	10	0	10
45 to 59 minutes	320	200	115	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	495	340	155	30	20	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	13,615	6,645	6,965	640	295	345
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	650	475	170	0	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,565	1,580	985	30	20	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,325	1,795	1,530	60	45	15
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,180	1,130	2,045	390	165	220
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,855	745	1,105	90	40	50
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,045	920	1,125	70	25	45
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	17,660	8,660	8,995	940	465	475
Single responses	17,550	8,610	8,940	910	455	455
Official languages	17,450	8,550	8,905	370	195	175
English	17,410	8,535	8,875	370	195	175
French	45	15	25	0	0	0
Non-official languages	100	65	40	540	255	280
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	540	255	280
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	540	260	280
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	535	260	285
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	95	60	35	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	45	40	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	40	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	40	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	15	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	105	45	55	30	15	15
English and French	30	10	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	75	40	35	25	15	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	17,655	8,665	8,995	940	465	475
None	17,205	8,430	8,775	290	140	145
English	75	40	40	420	200	220
French	210	135	80	0	0	0
Non-official language	155	60	95	235	130	105
Aboriginal	15	0	15	230	125	105
Non-Aboriginal	145	60	85	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	32,245	15,220	17,025	2,450	1,215	1,230
Non-movers	26,530	12,530	14,000	2,100	1,060	1,035
Movers	5,715	2,685	3,025	355	160	190
Non-migrants	2,965	1,405	1,565	290	130	160
Migrants	2,745	1,285	1,460	65	30	40
Internal migrants	2,595	1,240	1,360	65	30	35
Intraprovincial migrants	1,830	865	965	35	15	20
Interprovincial migrants	760	375	390	30	15	20
External migrants	150	45	105	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	31,230	14,685	16,550	2,180	1,080	1,095
Non-movers	16,855	7,930	8,925	1,440	725	710
Movers	14,375	6,755	7,620	740	355	385
Non-migrants	6,780	3,290	3,490	570	275	300
Migrants	7,595	3,465	4,130	170	80	85
Internal migrants	7,130	3,230	3,895	165	85	85
Intraprovincial migrants	5,125	2,305	2,815	105	55	45
Interprovincial migrants	2,005	925	1,080	60	25	40
External migrants	465	235	230	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Penticton, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Arviat [Population centre], Nunavut (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 18, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Penticton, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Arviat [Population centre], Nunavut

Census Profile, 2016 Census Penticton, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Arviat [Population centre], Nunavut

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Penticton, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Arviat [Population centre], Nunavut