Census Profile, 2016 Census
View Royal, Town [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sooke, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	View Royal, T British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Sooke, DM British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , View Royal, Town [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : View Royal, Town [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Sooke, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	10,408	...	...	13,001	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	9,381	...	...	11,435	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	10.9	...	...	13.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	4,299	...	...	5,599	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	4,154	...	...	5,253	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	724.8	...	...	229.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	14.36	...	...	56.62	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	10,410	5,060	5,345	13,000	6,345	6,660
0 to 14 years	1,605	795	815	2,325	1,170	1,160
0 to 4 years	515	240	275	730	380	355
5 to 9 years	565	290	275	820	395	420
10 to 14 years	530	260	270	775	395	380
15 to 64 years	6,960	3,430	3,530	8,525	4,175	4,350
15 to 19 years	520	255	260	760	385	375
20 to 24 years	470	255	215	515	265	245
25 to 29 years	550	275	275	580	295	285
30 to 34 years	645	325	320	800	395	405
35 to 39 years	740	385	360	970	460	510
40 to 44 years	705	330	380	915	460	450
45 to 49 years	765	390	375	950	470	475
50 to 54 years	855	410	440	1,055	500	550
55 to 59 years	865	405	465	1,020	480	540
60 to 64 years	845	400	440	960	460	505
65 years and over	1,840	840	1,000	2,150	1,000	1,150
65 to 69 years	695	330	360	890	415	475
70 to 74 years	460	205	255	530	250	285
75 to 79 years	280	135	145	340	170	175
80 to 84 years	215	95	120	215	90	120
85 years and over	190	65	125	175	75	100
85 to 89 years	130	50	75	115	60	60
90 to 94 years	50	10	40	45	15	30
95 to 99 years	10	5	5	10	0	10
100 years and over	5	0	0	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.4	15.7	15.2	17.9	18.4	17.4
15 to 64 years	66.9	67.8	66.0	65.6	65.8	65.3
65 years and over	17.7	16.6	18.7	16.5	15.8	17.3
85 years and over	1.8	1.3	2.3	1.3	1.2	1.5
Average age of the population	42.8	42.1	43.6	41.3	40.7	42.0
Median age of the population	44.8	43.8	45.5	42.9	42.0	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	4,150	...	...	5,255	...	...
Single-detached house	1,655	...	...	3,440	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	85	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,415	...	...	1,515	...	...
Semi-detached house	170	...	...	375	...	...
Row house	715	...	...	275	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	900	...	...	490	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	625	...	...	365	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	4,155	...	...	5,250	...	...
1 person	1,070	...	...	1,295	...	...
2 persons	1,645	...	...	1,995	...	...
3 persons	615	...	...	840	...	...
4 persons	560	...	...	705	...	...
5 or more persons	265	...	...	410	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,910	...	...	12,895	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	8,800	4,270	4,530	10,675	5,175	5,500
Married or living common law	5,360	2,680	2,675	6,685	3,335	3,350
Married	4,470	2,230	2,230	5,310	2,650	2,655
Living common law	890	445	445	1,375	685	685
Not married and not living common law	3,445	1,590	1,855	3,995	1,840	2,155
Never married	2,070	1,150	925	2,335	1,270	1,065
Separated	260	125	140	310	135	180
Divorced	740	265	470	830	320	520
Widowed	370	55	325	510	115	390
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,000	...	...	3,850	...	...
2 persons	1,710	...	...	2,080	...	...
3 persons	595	...	...	820	...	...
4 persons	545	...	...	675	...	...
5 or more persons	155	...	...	275	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,000	...	...	3,845	...	...
Total couple families	2,565	...	...	3,300	...	...
Married couples	2,120	...	...	2,610	...	...
Common-law couples	445	...	...	685	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	435	...	...	555	...	...
Female parent	325	...	...	420	...	...
Male parent	110	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,565	...	...	3,300	...	...
Couples without children	1,420	...	...	1,755	...	...
Couples with children	1,150	...	...	1,540	...	...
1 child	480	...	...	650	...	...
2 children	515	...	...	625	...	...
3 or more children	150	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	435	...	...	550	...	...
1 child	290	...	...	325	...	...
2 children	110	...	...	160	...	...
3 or more children	25	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,740	745	990	2,130	1,015	1,110
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	4,155	...	...	5,250	...	...
One-census-family households	2,830	...	...	3,680	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,345	...	...	1,685	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,485	...	...	1,990	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	80	...	...	85	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,240	...	...	1,490	...	...
One-person households	1,070	...	...	1,295	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	170	...	...	195	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	10,340	5,015	5,325	12,980	6,330	6,645
English only	9,405	4,580	4,825	11,705	5,760	5,940
French only	5	0	5	5	0	5
English and French	865	410	455	1,260	565	695
Neither English nor French	65	15	45	10	5	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	10,340	5,015	5,325	12,975	6,335	6,645
English	10,065	4,900	5,170	12,660	6,160	6,500
French	190	90	100	275	150	125
English and French	25	10	10	30	10	15
Neither English nor French	65	20	45	10	5	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	205	95	105	295	160	135
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.0	1.9	2.0	2.3	2.5	2.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	10,345	5,015	5,325	12,975	6,330	6,645
Single responses	10,210	4,955	5,250	12,870	6,280	6,590
Official languages	8,945	4,385	4,565	12,210	6,005	6,205
English	8,730	4,280	4,450	11,925	5,855	6,075
French	210	105	115	280	150	135
Non-official languages	1,260	575	690	660	275	385
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	0	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	0	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,255	570	690	655	280	380
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	0	0	5
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	20	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	110	40	70	40	15	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	35	55	30	10	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	790	365	425	510	220	290
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	120	45	70	105	55	50
Baltic languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0	5	0
Slavic languages	115	45	70	100	45	55
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	5	0	5
Czech	10	5	5	10	5	5
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	35	15	15	35	20	20
Russian	30	10	15	30	15	20
Serbian	10	5	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	15	5	10	15	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	175	80	95	285	120	165
Afrikaans	5	5	0	5	0	5
Danish	15	5	5	20	5	10
Dutch	45	20	25	75	30	45
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	100	45	55	175	70	100
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Greek	10	10	5	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	325	155	170	15	5	10
Indo-Aryan languages	295	140	150	15	5	5
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	5	0	0
Kashmiri	5	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	245	115	130	0	0	5
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	15	15	5	0	0
Iranian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	35	15	15	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	155	70	80	95	40	60
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	20	15	5	5
Portuguese	30	15	15	20	10	10
Romanian	5	0	5	5	0	0
Spanish	90	45	45	60	25	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	25	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	185	90	100	50	20	30
Chinese languages	190	90	100	50	20	30
Cantonese	95	45	55	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	30	35	35	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	5	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	5
Azerbaijani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Finnish	10	5	5	5	0	5
Hungarian	15	10	10	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	130	60	75	105	50	55
English and French	20	10	15	50	25	15
English and non-official language	105	45	60	55	25	35
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	10,345	5,015	5,325	12,980	6,335	6,645
Single responses	10,105	4,910	5,200	12,865	6,285	6,580
Official languages	9,595	4,680	4,915	12,710	6,215	6,495
English	9,520	4,645	4,880	12,620	6,170	6,450
French	70	30	40	85	40	45
Non-official languages	515	235	285	160	75	85
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	510	235	285	160	75	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	20	25	20	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	15	20	20	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	290	130	160	115	50	65
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	20	35	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	15	20	35	15	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	5
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	20	10	10
Russian	20	10	10	10	5	10
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	5	50	25	30
Afrikaans	0	0	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dutch	5	5	0	15	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	30	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	180	75	100	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	155	65	95	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hindi	0	5	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	135	60	80	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	5	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	25	30	30	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Portuguese	15	10	10	0	5	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	40	20	20	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	5	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	55	55	10	10	5
Chinese languages	105	55	55	15	5	5
Cantonese	50	25	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	15	25	15	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	235	105	130	110	45	65
English and French	10	5	10	25	15	10
English and non-official language	210	95	115	80	35	45
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	10,340	5,015	5,330	12,980	6,335	6,645
None	9,470	4,605	4,865	12,295	6,030	6,260
English	285	135	140	150	75	70
French	130	60	65	270	115	160
Non-official language	445	205	240	245	100	145
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	450	205	245	250	105	145
English and French	5	5	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language	10	5	5	5	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	5	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	8,325	3,970	4,355	10,575	5,135	5,440
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,060	3,835	4,220	10,125	4,925	5,200
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,679	50,597	36,537	34,410	44,544	27,328
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,075	3,845	4,230	10,145	4,935	5,205
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,202	43,247	32,783	30,843	38,420	25,349
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,610	3,640	3,975	9,170	4,565	4,600
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,874	48,303	32,104	31,928	42,543	23,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,265	2,170	3,090	7,025	2,965	4,060
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,469	6,560	6,416	6,626	6,720	6,574
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,415	3,160	3,255	7,675	3,945	3,730
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,504	45,632	31,392	31,680	41,190	24,695
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	8,325	3,970	4,355	10,575	5,130	5,445
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,065	3,830	4,235	10,080	4,915	5,165
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,816	58,839	41,648	42,431	52,628	32,717
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,080	3,840	4,240	10,105	4,935	5,165
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,721	48,023	36,015	35,999	43,286	29,039
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,615	3,660	3,955	9,125	4,585	4,540
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,292	56,900	38,397	40,723	51,117	30,227
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,315	2,215	3,110	7,030	3,000	4,035
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,826	7,763	7,871	8,009	8,201	7,867
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,415	3,225	3,190	7,675	4,005	3,670
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,723	54,048	37,310	39,700	47,724	30,954
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	8,320	3,970	4,355	10,575	5,135	5,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	3,070	1,715	1,355	3,410	1,985	1,430
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,839	63,129	50,777	51,589	57,582	45,149
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	64,292	71,050	55,759	56,338	62,737	47,435
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.6	92.4	86.1	86.9	90.5	81.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	71.7	74.6	67.9	70.3	73.8	65.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.3	7.6	13.8	13.1	9.5	18.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	8,325	3,970	4,355	10,575	5,135	5,440
Without total income	265	135	130	450	205	240
With total income	8,060	3,835	4,225	10,125	4,930	5,200
Percentage with total income	96.8	96.6	97.0	95.7	96.0	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830	350	475	1,365	520	840
$10,000 to $19,999	1,105	430	680	1,735	610	1,120
$20,000 to $29,999	945	355	590	1,395	545	850
$30,000 to $39,999	925	365	565	1,235	555	675
$40,000 to $49,999	925	400	525	1,115	525	590
$50,000 to $59,999	825	380	450	885	475	410
$60,000 to $69,999	660	325	330	630	410	220
$70,000 to $79,999	505	320	180	525	340	185
$80,000 to $89,999	385	240	145	405	285	120
$90,000 to $99,999	295	190	110	310	220	85
$100,000 and over	655	490	170	535	425	105
$100,000 to $149,999	485	360	125	420	330	85
$150,000 and over	170	130	40	115	95	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,325	3,970	4,355	10,575	5,135	5,440
Without after-tax income	250	125	125	430	195	240
With after-tax income	8,075	3,845	4,225	10,145	4,935	5,205
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	96.9	97.0	95.9	96.1	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	885	380	505	1,425	555	870
$10,000 to $19,999	1,145	455	690	1,820	655	1,165
$20,000 to $29,999	1,150	430	720	1,710	705	1,010
$30,000 to $39,999	1,190	505	680	1,435	665	765
$40,000 to $49,999	1,100	480	625	1,255	645	605
$50,000 to $59,999	845	435	410	830	525	310
$60,000 to $69,999	620	380	240	645	430	215
$70,000 to $79,999	455	280	170	450	320	130
$80,000 and over	690	505	190	570	440	130
$80,000 to $89,999	245	165	80	225	165	55
$90,000 to $99,999	145	105	45	130	100	25
$100,000 and over	295	235	65	215	175	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	8,325	3,965	4,355	10,575	5,135	5,440
Without employment income	1,910	810	1,100	2,900	1,185	1,715
With employment income	6,415	3,160	3,250	7,675	3,945	3,730
Percentage with employment income	77.1	79.7	74.6	72.6	76.8	68.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,040	475	570	1,245	585	655
$5,000 to $9,999	385	150	235	605	225	380
$10,000 to $19,999	700	285	410	955	355	600
$20,000 to $29,999	605	245	360	885	405	480
$30,000 to $39,999	615	270	350	780	365	415
$40,000 to $49,999	635	265	365	760	365	395
$50,000 to $59,999	585	285	305	635	345	285
$60,000 to $69,999	430	230	200	465	290	175
$70,000 to $79,999	405	260	145	385	270	120
$80,000 and over	1,020	700	315	965	740	225
$80,000 to $89,999	320	195	125	330	225	100
$90,000 to $99,999	225	145	80	260	200	65
$100,000 and over	470	360	110	375	315	55
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	4,155	...	...	5,250	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,994	...	...	71,296	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,128	...	...	62,359	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,070	...	...	1,295	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,544	...	...	32,469	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,571	...	...	29,504	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,080	...	...	3,955	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,352	...	...	86,763	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,528	...	...	75,534	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	4,155	...	...	5,255	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	96,693	...	...	81,455	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	81,138	...	...	69,242	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,060	...	...	1,300	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	50,544	...	...	44,312	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,020	...	...	37,107	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,095	...	...	3,955	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	112,521	...	...	93,654	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,211	...	...	79,796	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	4,155	...	...	5,255	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	75	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	70	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	130	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...	190	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...	230	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	120	...	...	195	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	135	...	...	230	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	145	...	...	230	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	145	...	...	215	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	145	...	...	225	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	325	...	...	395	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	315	...	...	390	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	310	...	...	345	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	265	...	...	350	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	290	...	...	350	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,630	...	...	1,620	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	500	...	...	665	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	465	...	...	430	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	430	...	...	380	...	...
$200,000 and over	235	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,155	...	...	5,250	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	90	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	70	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	75	...	...	130	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	205	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	140	...	...	250	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	130	...	...	250	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	190	...	...	270	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	165	...	...	275	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	185	...	...	250	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	215	...	...	260	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	375	...	...	465	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	360	...	...	450	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	350	...	...	430	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	330	...	...	400	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	240	...	...	350	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,250	...	...	1,115	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	595	...	...	585	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	325	...	...	315	...	...
$150,000 and over	325	...	...	210	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	2,960	...	...	3,825	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,861	...	...	85,811	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,101	...	...	74,508	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,335	...	...	1,650	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,464	...	...	77,605	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,547	...	...	67,812	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,150	...	...	1,555	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	123,328	...	...	107,520	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,070	...	...	92,306	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	405	...	...	520	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,568	...	...	46,016	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,485	...	...	42,304	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	2,955	...	...	3,825	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	112,843	...	...	92,663	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,279	...	...	78,829	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,300	...	...	1,660	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	105,179	...	...	87,516	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,467	...	...	74,095	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,175	...	...	1,540	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,332	...	...	110,733	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,522	...	...	93,688	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	395	...	...	525	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,350	...	...	55,814	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,630	...	...	49,930	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,555	680	875	1,845	885	955
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	39,840	42,304	38,229	29,547	33,152	27,152
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,790	36,070	33,920	27,051	29,760	25,397
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,520	645	875	1,840	920	925
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	44,979	45,586	44,531	39,906	46,304	33,534
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,540	38,584	38,508	33,799	38,002	29,614
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	9,910	4,750	5,155	12,900	6,300	6,600
In the bottom half of the distribution	3,945	1,820	2,130	6,560	3,110	3,450
In the bottom decile	655	325	330	1,375	635	740
In the second decile	630	270	355	1,260	595	665
In the third decile	680	285	400	1,355	630	730
In the fourth decile	900	420	480	1,205	585	620
In the fifth decile	1,075	515	565	1,360	665	700
In the top half of the distribution	5,965	2,930	3,030	6,335	3,190	3,150
In the sixth decile	1,065	500	570	1,480	725	755
In the seventh decile	1,205	585	620	1,490	750	740
In the eighth decile	1,190	595	595	1,380	705	675
In the ninth decile	1,395	700	695	1,335	680	655
In the top decile	1,110	555	560	650	330	320
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	9,905	4,755	5,155	12,900	6,300	6,600
0 to 17 years	1,900	935	960	2,790	1,390	1,395
0 to 5 years	610	280	330	910	465	445
18 to 64 years	6,265	3,030	3,235	8,035	3,935	4,095
65 years and over	1,740	780	960	2,075	970	1,105
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	770	360	410	1,855	850	1,010
0 to 17 years	190	95	95	510	275	235
0 to 5 years	60	20	40	175	100	75
18 to 64 years	455	215	245	1,115	490	620
65 years and over	125	50	70	235	85	155
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.8	7.6	8.0	14.4	13.5	15.3
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	10.2	9.9	18.3	19.8	16.8
0 to 5 years (%)	9.8	7.1	12.1	19.2	21.5	16.9
18 to 64 years (%)	7.3	7.1	7.6	13.9	12.5	15.1
65 years and over (%)	7.2	6.4	7.3	11.3	8.8	14.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	550	275	270	870	420	455
0 to 17 years	115	55	65	215	115	100
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	75	40	35
18 to 64 years	390	200	185	620	290	335
65 years and over	40	20	25	35	15	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.6	5.8	5.2	6.7	6.7	6.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.1	5.9	6.8	7.7	8.3	7.2
0 to 5 years (%)	4.1	3.6	4.5	8.2	8.6	7.9
18 to 64 years (%)	6.2	6.6	5.7	7.7	7.4	8.2
65 years and over (%)	2.3	2.6	2.6	1.7	1.5	1.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	9,910	4,750	5,160	12,895	6,300	6,600
Official languages	9,810	4,725	5,075	12,885	6,295	6,595
English	9,790	4,725	5,070	12,870	6,285	6,585
French	845	415	435	1,265	585	680
Non-official languages	1,650	720	930	975	385	585
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	20	10	10
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	10	0	10	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	10	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,640	710	925	950	380	575
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	20	25	10	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	20	30	10	10	10
Amharic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	15	15	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	45	50	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	90	45	50	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	25	25	35	0	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	25	20	35	0	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	10	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,200	545	655	720	305	420
Albanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	135	30	105	140	60	85
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	135	35	105	145	65	80
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	0	15	10	10	0
Czech	25	10	20	25	10	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	10	35	25	10
Russian	65	20	40	15	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	55	15	45	55	20	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	215	100	125	310	140	175
Afrikaans	10	10	0	15	0	15
Danish	15	10	0	10	0	0
Dutch	55	25	25	65	25	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	130	45	85	245	110	135
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	10	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	20	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	505	235	275	20	0	15
Indo-Aryan languages	470	220	250	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	105	55	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	425	195	235	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	10	0	0	10
Iranian languages	35	15	25	0	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	35	15	20	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	330	175	160	255	105	145
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	25	10	30	15	10
Portuguese	40	20	20	40	15	25
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	280	140	145	200	75	115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	35	0	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Korean	50	15	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	10	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	10	40	10	25
American Sign Language	10	0	10	25	10	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	145	55	95	80	25	50
Chinese languages	150	50	95	80	30	55
Cantonese	50	20	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	95	30	70	70	25	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	15	20	15	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hungarian	15	0	10	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	9,910	4,750	5,155	12,895	6,300	6,600
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	9,485	4,585	4,900	12,465	6,095	6,370
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,845	905	945	2,705	1,340	1,365
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,635	3,680	3,955	9,760	4,750	5,005
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	425	160	260	435	205	230
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	9,910	4,750	5,155	12,895	6,300	6,600
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	8,220	3,985	4,230	11,315	5,585	5,725
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,575	715	865	1,525	680	845
Before 1981	755	365	385	810	355	455
1981 to 1990	185	80	105	185	85	100
1991 to 2000	205	85	120	165	85	80
2001 to 2010	290	135	155	245	110	130
2001 to 2005	165	80	85	70	25	45
2006 to 2010	125	60	70	175	85	90
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	145	50	95	125	45	75
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	110	45	65	60	35	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,575	715	860	1,525	680	845
Under 5 years	185	110	70	200	105	90
5 to 14 years	265	130	135	300	115	185
15 to 24 years	395	145	245	315	120	190
25 to 44 years	590	275	315	620	300	320
45 years and over	145	45	95	95	35	60
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,580	715	860	1,525	680	850
Americas	210	100	110	285	125	165
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	0	10	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	10	0
Mexico	45	25	20	10	0	0
Peru	15	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	15	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	105	45	60	225	95	130
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	15	25	15	10
Europe	700	305	395	980	460	525
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	10	10	10	10
France	15	10	0	20	10	10
Germany	40	10	30	155	60	90
Greece	15	0	10	0	10	0
Hungary	0	0	10	15	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	10	0	10
Italy	10	10	0	0	10	0
Netherlands	55	30	25	50	25	25
Poland	10	0	10	35	20	15
Portugal	20	10	10	0	10	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	10	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ukraine	35	10	30	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	395	170	220	570	245	325
Other places of birth in Europe	85	50	35	80	45	35
Africa	80	40	40	45	20	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	20	10	15	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	25	10	15
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	10	15	10	0
Asia	550	245	305	185	50	135
Afghanistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	70	30	40	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	20	10	15	0	0	0
India	220	105	115	20	0	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	10	20	0	0	10
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	30	15	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	35	15	15	40	0	40
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	10	45	20	25
Viet Nam	60	25	30	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	20	35	20	0	15
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	35	30	10	25	30	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	140	45	95	125	45	80
Americas	10	10	0	30	10	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	25	0	25	30	15	15
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	40	15	25	0	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	15	0	0	0
Asia	70	30	45	60	20	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	30	15	20
Turkey	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	9,905	4,750	5,155	12,900	6,300	6,595
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,755	820	935	1,720	765	955
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,335	1,095	1,240	2,415	1,145	1,265
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	5,815	2,830	2,985	8,770	4,385	4,385
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	865	370	490	745	350	400
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	355	175	180	360	190	175
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	165	90	75	145	95	45
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	195	80	110	220	85	130
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	405	145	260	330	135	195
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	85	45	45	35	20	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	10	10	25	10	20
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	9,910	4,750	5,160	12,895	6,295	6,600
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	435	235	200	865	400	470
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	415	225	190	820	380	440
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	235	120	110	435	175	260
Métis	175	105	70	390	205	180
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	10	0	25	15	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	0	20	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	9,470	4,515	4,955	12,035	5,900	6,130
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	9,910	4,750	5,160	12,900	6,300	6,600
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	185	95	90	200	60	140
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,725	4,660	5,060	12,700	6,240	6,460
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	9,910	4,750	5,160	12,900	6,300	6,595
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	95	40	55	135	70	60
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	100	45	55	130	60	65
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	75	25	50	65	25	40
Métis single ancestry	15	15	10	60	35	25
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	475	260	215	985	445	540
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	440	240	200	890	415	480
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	315	180	135	645	285	360
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	125	55	65	250	135	120
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	40	25	15	95	25	65
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	20	15	90	30	60
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	9,335	4,450	4,885	11,780	5,785	5,995
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	9,910	4,750	5,155	12,895	6,300	6,600
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,430	655	775	465	190	275
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	565	280	290	65	30	35
Chinese	265	105	160	140	60	80
Black	135	70	65	35	25	10
Filipino	85	40	45	75	15	55
Latin American	90	50	45	20	10	10
Arab	15	10	10	10	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	115	50	70	25	15	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	70	25	45	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	0	50	20	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	15	0	10	30	10	20
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	20	10	10	15	0	20
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	8,480	4,095	4,380	12,430	6,105	6,325
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	9,905	4,755	5,155	12,900	6,300	6,600
North American Aboriginal origins	570	300	275	1,120	515	605
First Nations (North American Indian)	425	230	195	805	345	465
Inuit	0	0	10	0	0	0
Métis	175	90	85	410	205	205
Other North American origins	2,770	1,400	1,375	4,125	2,055	2,075
Acadian	20	20	0	30	10	15
American	245	120	130	395	190	210
Canadian	2,625	1,325	1,305	3,795	1,890	1,905
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	7,730	3,705	4,020	10,885	5,375	5,515
British Isles origins	5,735	2,765	2,970	8,570	4,245	4,330
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	3,740	1,820	1,920	5,670	2,825	2,845
Irish	1,905	845	1,060	2,985	1,395	1,585
Manx	10	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish	2,655	1,265	1,390	3,945	1,940	2,005
Welsh	460	255	205	555	245	315
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	385	185	200	440	170	270
French origins	1,165	540	625	1,925	875	1,050
Alsatian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,165	540	625	1,925	870	1,050
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,095	970	1,120	2,800	1,320	1,480
Austrian	115	70	50	125	40	85
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	70	25	40	85	35	50
Dutch	560	295	265	625	285	340
Flemish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	1,435	620	815	2,095	1,000	1,095
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	10
Swiss	75	40	25	135	75	60
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	770	360	410	1,460	695	765
Danish	145	75	70	220	85	135
Finnish	65	30	35	90	60	30
Icelandic	50	20	30	170	80	90
Norwegian	305	135	170	545	250	295
Swedish	235	90	145	430	215	215
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	55	35	20	125	70	60
Eastern European origins	1,450	670	780	1,695	890	805
Bulgarian	0	0	10	10	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	10	10	10
Czech	65	30	40	80	30	55
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	10	45	10	30
Estonian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	145	65	80	185	105	80
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	25	20	10
Moldovan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	410	165	245	495	245	250
Romanian	35	10	20	50	35	20
Russian	240	105	135	310	170	140
Slovak	35	30	10	30	25	10
Ukrainian	740	350	390	710	360	345
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	10	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins	635	315	325	765	355	410
Albanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	10	25	30	20	15
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	25	70	70	45	25
Italian	260	140	120	430	210	220
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	20	10	10	15	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	85	35	45	100	30	70
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	150	80	70	135	40	100
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	55	35	20	140	65	80
Basque	0	0	0	20	0	10
Jewish	55	35	20	55	10	40
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	65	40	30
Caribbean origins	35	15	20	50	15	35
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	15	15	10	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Latin, Central and South American origins	180	80	95	85	15	60
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	25	0	25
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	10	10	0	0	10
Chilean	20	10	15	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	30	0	20
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	95	55	40	35	0	30
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	10	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	170	95	75	90	30	55
Central and West African origins	30	10	15	10	0	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	15	0	10	10	10	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	15	10	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	70	40	30	20	0	15
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	25	15	10	20	0	15
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	60	35	20	55	25	35
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	60	35	25	60	25	35
Asian origins	1,245	535	715	490	200	285
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	115	40	75	55	30	25
Afghan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	0	10	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	45	15	25	15	10	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	10	10	15	0	10
Palestinian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	15	0	10	10	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	30	10	20	20	15	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	545	265	275	90	40	50
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	510	240	265	75	35	40
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	15	0	10	10	0
Punjabi	75	35	45	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	575	225	350	365	135	225
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	295	120	175	115	40	70
Filipino	95	45	55	80	20	60
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Japanese	15	10	0	45	20	30
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	25	50	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	50	20	25
Thai	10	0	0	20	10	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	125	50	75	25	15	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	60	25	35	60	40	25
Australian	45	20	30	20	15	10
New Zealander	10	10	10	15	10	10
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	10	40	25	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Maori	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	4,155	...	...	5,255	...	...
Owner	2,985	...	...	4,105	...	...
Renter	1,170	...	...	1,150	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	4,155	...	...	5,250	...	...
Condominium	825	...	...	440	...	...
Not condominium	3,325	...	...	4,815	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	4,155	...	...	5,255	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	30	...	...
1 bedroom	315	...	...	395	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,215	...	...	1,285	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,610	...	...	2,250	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,010	...	...	1,290	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	4,155	...	...	5,255	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	945	...	...	1,005	...	...
5 rooms	630	...	...	985	...	...
6 rooms	710	...	...	950	...	...
7 rooms	715	...	...	755	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,155	...	...	1,550	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	4,155	...	...	5,255	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,105	...	...	5,215	...	...
More than 1 person per room	45	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	4,150	...	...	5,255	...	...
Suitable	4,060	...	...	5,115	...	...
Not suitable	90	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	4,155	...	...	5,250	...	...
1960 or before	585	...	...	415	...	...
1961 to 1980	770	...	...	1,515	...	...
1981 to 1990	695	...	...	670	...	...
1991 to 2000	830	...	...	800	...	...
2001 to 2005	500	...	...	445	...	...
2006 to 2010	375	...	...	800	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	390	...	...	615	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	4,155	...	...	5,255	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	3,960	...	...	4,920	...	...
Major repairs needed	195	...	...	330	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	4,155	...	...	5,255	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,125	...	...	2,765	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,925	...	...	2,345	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	105	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	4,155	...	...	5,255	...	...
15 to 24 years	55	...	...	85	...	...
25 to 34 years	450	...	...	610	...	...
35 to 44 years	750	...	...	985	...	...
45 to 54 years	895	...	...	1,100	...	...
55 to 64 years	930	...	...	1,165	...	...
65 to 74 years	635	...	...	875	...	...
75 to 84 years	320	...	...	320	...	...
85 years and over	120	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	4,145	...	...	5,225	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,215	...	...	3,765	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	930	...	...	1,455	...	...
30% to less than 100%	840	...	...	1,255	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,985	...	...	4,085	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	67.8	...	...	69.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	17.6	...	...	22.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,534	...	...	1,428	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,536	...	...	1,361	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	552,271	...	...	399,454	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	587,198	...	...	415,910	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,170	...	...	1,155	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.1	...	...	8.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	34.8	...	...	47.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,174	...	...	1,061	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,217	...	...	1,108	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	8,320	3,965	4,355	10,575	5,130	5,445
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,040	530	510	1,765	905	865
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,360	1,130	1,230	3,370	1,645	1,720
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,925	2,310	2,610	5,440	2,575	2,865
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	835	625	210	1,180	865	310
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	305	165	140	400	230	170
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	530	460	65	775	635	140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,775	620	1,155	2,495	1,010	1,480
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	295	140	155	165	50	115
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,020	925	1,100	1,600	650	950
Bachelor's degree	1,305	580	725	1,070	415	660
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	155	50	110	105	30	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	20	10	25	15	10
Master's degree	470	225	245	330	140	190
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	65	50	15	70	50	25
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,605	2,725	2,880	7,195	3,505	3,695
No certificate, diploma or degree	345	190	155	825	450	375
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,455	730	725	2,225	1,135	1,090
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,805	1,805	2,000	4,150	1,915	2,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	585	455	125	860	645	220
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	180	100	80	275	165	105
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	400	355	45	590	480	115
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,430	560	870	1,915	770	1,150
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	180	90	90	125	40	85
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,610	695	910	1,240	465	775
Bachelor's degree	1,070	460	610	835	290	545
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115	40	80	85	25	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	0	15	10	0
Master's degree	370	165	200	270	105	165
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	35	20	15	45	40	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	8,325	3,965	4,355	10,575	5,130	5,445
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,405	1,660	1,745	5,135	2,555	2,580
Education	385	110	280	355	100	250
13. Education	385	110	280	350	95	250
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	145	55	95	175	75	100
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	30	20	10
50. Visual and performing arts	140	45	90	150	55	90
Humanities	190	100	95	300	105	190
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	10	10	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	80	50	35	100	20	85
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	15	70	15	50
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	25	20	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	10	25	20	0
54. History	20	0	20	45	25	20
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	15	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	725	240	480	630	205	425
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	25	55	90	25	60
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85	10	75	125	25	100
22. Legal professions and studies	105	30	80	65	20	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	15	10	20	10	15
42. Psychology	145	45	100	105	25	75
45. Social sciences	275	115	165	220	105	115
Business, management and public administration	1,000	350	645	795	235	560
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	125	35	90	105	35	70
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	875	320	555	695	205	490
Physical and life sciences and technologies	130	70	60	165	65	100
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	20	25	60	10	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	15	20	25	15	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	40	10	60	30	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	235	165	70	170	115	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	185	140	45	150	100	45
25. Library science	20	15	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	20	20	20	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	875	800	70	1,240	1,175	65
04. Architecture and related services	30	25	10	10	10	10
14. Engineering	135	125	0	85	80	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	165	125	40	265	245	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	240	235	10	385	380	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	165	165	0	295	280	10
48. Precision production	135	120	15	195	190	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	80	30	150	90	60
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	60	50	10	95	65	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	30	15	55	30	25
Health and related fields	850	190	660	970	175	800
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	65	45	20	40	20	20
51. Health professions and related programs	780	145	635	930	150	775
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	280	140	135	485	240	250
12. Personal and culinary services	190	65	125	305	90	215
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	25	10	10
43. Security and protective services	30	25	10	65	45	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	45	0	90	90	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,605	2,725	2,880	7,195	3,500	3,695
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,800	925	875	3,050	1,585	1,460
Education	255	65	190	270	70	205
13. Education	260	65	190	270	70	210
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	45	75	120	50	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	25	15	10
50. Visual and performing arts	105	35	75	95	35	60
Humanities	125	70	60	205	60	150
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	15	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	45	30	15	75	10	60
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	15	60	10	50
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	10	0	0	10
54. History	20	0	15	35	20	15
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	555	175	380	510	150	360
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	20	45	90	25	60
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	10	60	95	15	85
22. Legal professions and studies	80	20	60	65	20	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	10	0	20	0	15
42. Psychology	110	40	70	85	15	65
45. Social sciences	210	75	130	150	65	80
Business, management and public administration	810	295	510	630	185	440
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	20	75	80	25	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	710	275	435	545	160	385
Physical and life sciences and technologies	105	55	50	140	55	85
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	20	25	60	10	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	10	15	25	15	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	20	10	50	30	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	200	150	55	135	95	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	185	140	40	125	90	35
25. Library science	10	10	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	680	630	50	905	850	60
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	10	0	10
14. Engineering	105	100	0	50	50	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	125	100	20	200	180	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	195	195	0	280	270	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	115	115	0	220	205	10
48. Precision production	125	115	10	140	140	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	75	50	25	115	75	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	35	25	10	65	50	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	25	15	55	25	25
Health and related fields	665	160	510	720	130	590
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	30	15	30	15	10
51. Health professions and related programs	615	120	495	690	115	575
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	215	110	105	390	195	195
12. Personal and culinary services	150	55	95	240	65	175
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	15	10
43. Security and protective services	30	20	0	55	45	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	35	0	70	65	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	8,325	3,970	4,355	10,575	5,135	5,445
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,400	1,660	1,745	5,130	2,555	2,580
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,920	2,310	2,615	5,440	2,575	2,865
Location of study inside Canada	4,305	2,030	2,275	4,845	2,270	2,580
Same as province or territory of residence	3,045	1,425	1,620	3,310	1,490	1,820
Different than province or territory of residence	1,265	610	655	1,535	775	755
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	620	275	340	590	310	285
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	125	65	65	170	100	70
Philippines	20	10	10	20	0	15
India	55	30	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	140	75	70	195	95	95
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	10	20	10	0	10
France	10	0	0	10	10	10
Other	235	85	155	190	100	85
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,605	2,730	2,875	7,195	3,500	3,695
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,800	920	880	3,045	1,585	1,465
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,805	1,800	2,005	4,150	1,915	2,230
Location of study inside Canada	3,355	1,600	1,760	3,780	1,740	2,035
Same as province or territory of residence	2,500	1,175	1,320	2,670	1,175	1,495
Different than province or territory of residence	860	420	435	1,110	570	545
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	445	205	245	365	175	195
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	95	50	45	110	60	45
Philippines	15	10	10	20	0	15
India	40	20	20	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	80	45	35	85	45	40
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	10	15	10	0	10
France	10	10	0	10	10	0
Other	180	75	110	135	60	70
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	8,325	3,965	4,355	10,575	5,135	5,440
In the labour force	5,550	2,875	2,680	6,905	3,560	3,345
Employed	5,340	2,765	2,570	6,470	3,330	3,140
Unemployed	210	110	105	430	235	200
Not in the labour force	2,770	1,095	1,675	3,670	1,570	2,105
Participation rate	66.7	72.5	61.5	65.3	69.3	61.5
Employment rate	64.1	69.7	59.0	61.2	64.8	57.7
Unemployment rate	3.8	3.8	3.9	6.2	6.6	6.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	8,325	3,970	4,355	10,575	5,130	5,440
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,455	980	1,475	3,380	1,445	1,935
Worked	5,870	2,985	2,880	7,195	3,690	3,510
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	3,115	1,730	1,385	3,525	2,040	1,490
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,755	1,255	1,495	3,670	1,650	2,015
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.2	45.0	43.4	42.6	43.6	41.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,555	2,875	2,680	6,905	3,565	3,340
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	15	30	105	50	55
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	5,505	2,855	2,650	6,800	3,510	3,285
Employee	4,760	2,420	2,340	5,875	2,995	2,880
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	745	435	310	920	515	405
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,555	2,875	2,675	6,905	3,565	3,340
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	20	30	110	50	55
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	5,505	2,855	2,645	6,795	3,510	3,285
0 Management occupations	710	415	295	575	305	270
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	995	260	735	1,065	245	815
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	445	375	70	410	305	105
3 Health occupations	455	90	365	480	90	390
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	765	320	445	935	365	575
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	200	120	80	180	50	130
6 Sales and service occupations	1,145	550	595	1,665	760	905
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	670	655	20	1,195	1,170	25
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	35	30	10	150	120	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	80	50	35	145	100	40
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,555	2,875	2,680	6,905	3,560	3,345
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	20	30	105	55	50
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	5,505	2,855	2,645	6,800	3,510	3,285
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	20	15	10	100	45	50
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	40	35	10
22 Utilities	15	15	0	15	15	0
23 Construction	390	335	50	740	690	50
31-33 Manufacturing	190	140	45	280	190	90
41 Wholesale trade	155	110	45	200	150	50
44-45 Retail trade	650	335	320	855	365	485
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	265	195	70	230	175	60
51 Information and cultural industries	120	95	25	125	65	65
52 Finance and insurance	235	100	135	165	45	120
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	120	55	65	150	55	95
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	380	215	165	445	225	220
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	150	80	75	375	250	125
61 Educational services	465	145	325	425	110	310
62 Health care and social assistance	780	165	620	935	180	760
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	90	60	35	115	60	55
72 Accommodation and food services	370	185	180	495	240	255
81 Other services (except public administration)	255	135	120	250	115	140
91 Public administration	830	465	365	850	505	350
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	5,340	2,765	2,570	6,475	3,330	3,145
Worked at home	425	185	240	485	190	295
Worked outside Canada	20	10	15	15	0	10
No fixed workplace address	605	480	125	1,070	865	205
Worked at usual place	4,285	2,095	2,195	4,910	2,275	2,635
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,290	2,095	2,190	4,910	2,275	2,635
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	595	200	395	1,245	425	820
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,590	1,840	1,755	3,475	1,735	1,745
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	55	25	30	115	65	50
Commute to a different province or territory	45	30	10	70	50	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,890	2,575	2,320	5,975	3,135	2,840
Car, truck, van - as a driver	3,570	1,895	1,670	4,595	2,430	2,170
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	310	125	185	305	150	150
Public transit	430	185	245	595	260	335
Walked	230	85	145	275	130	145
Bicycle	260	205	55	65	45	10
Other method	95	80	15	145	120	30
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,890	2,570	2,320	5,975	3,135	2,835
Less than 15 minutes	1,030	500	525	1,370	530	840
15 to 29 minutes	2,260	1,255	1,010	835	415	415
30 to 44 minutes	1,150	625	525	1,160	655	505
45 to 59 minutes	315	115	205	1,190	745	445
60 minutes and over	135	75	60	1,415	790	630
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,890	2,570	2,320	5,975	3,140	2,835
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	225	140	85	655	450	205
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	880	550	330	1,495	895	605
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,535	755	775	1,130	590	540
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,135	520	615	1,120	480	645
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	580	285	290	580	195	385
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	535	325	215	990	530	465
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	5,980	3,045	2,935	7,440	3,815	3,625
Single responses	5,960	3,040	2,930	7,415	3,810	3,605
Official languages	5,940	3,025	2,915	7,415	3,805	3,605
English	5,915	3,015	2,900	7,370	3,790	3,580
French	25	15	10	40	20	30
Non-official languages	25	0	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	0	10	25	0	20
English and French	10	0	10	20	0	15
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	5,980	3,045	2,940	7,440	3,810	3,630
None	5,830	2,960	2,875	7,205	3,695	3,505
English	25	10	10	30	15	20
French	80	35	45	155	80	70
Non-official language	45	35	10	50	20	35
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	40	35	10	50	15	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	9,825	4,705	5,125	12,795	6,245	6,550
Non-movers	8,425	4,045	4,380	10,840	5,315	5,520
Movers	1,405	660	745	1,955	925	1,030
Non-migrants	740	350	390	870	390	480
Migrants	665	310	355	1,085	535	550
Internal migrants	550	260	290	1,060	520	540
Intraprovincial migrants	280	130	145	755	390	360
Interprovincial migrants	275	130	140	310	130	175
External migrants	110	50	65	20	15	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	9,390	4,505	4,890	12,165	5,950	6,215
Non-movers	5,470	2,575	2,900	7,215	3,550	3,670
Movers	3,920	1,930	1,990	4,945	2,395	2,550
Non-migrants	2,340	1,150	1,190	2,050	1,020	1,035
Migrants	1,580	780	800	2,900	1,380	1,520
Internal migrants	1,305	665	640	2,695	1,285	1,410
Intraprovincial migrants	760	370	385	1,800	890	905
Interprovincial migrants	550	295	260	895	390	500
External migrants	275	115	155	205	95	115

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. View Royal, T [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sooke, DM [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 19, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
View Royal, Town [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sooke, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census View Royal, Town [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sooke, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
View Royal, Town [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sooke, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia