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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cole Bay 3, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Capital, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Cole Bay 3, IRI British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Capital, RD British Columbia [Census division]
	Data quality , Cole Bay 3, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Cole Bay 3, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Capital, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	332	...	...	383,360	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	322	...	...	359,991	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.1	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	97	...	...	183,562	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	90	...	...	170,157	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	117.8	...	...	163.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2.82	...	...	2,340.49	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	335	160	170	383,360	184,900	198,460
0 to 14 years	100	45	55	49,895	25,330	24,565
0 to 4 years	30	15	10	16,125	8,135	7,990
5 to 9 years	40	20	20	16,895	8,635	8,260
10 to 14 years	30	10	20	16,870	8,555	8,320
15 to 64 years	210	100	110	250,375	122,140	128,235
15 to 19 years	30	15	15	18,970	9,480	9,490
20 to 24 years	25	15	15	24,740	12,505	12,235
25 to 29 years	15	10	10	24,405	12,180	12,220
30 to 34 years	15	5	10	24,680	12,325	12,360
35 to 39 years	25	15	10	23,515	11,655	11,860
40 to 44 years	15	5	10	22,685	11,020	11,665
45 to 49 years	25	10	15	24,650	11,965	12,680
50 to 54 years	25	15	10	27,725	13,425	14,305
55 to 59 years	20	10	10	29,495	13,830	15,665
60 to 64 years	15	5	10	29,500	13,755	15,745
65 years and over	25	15	10	83,090	37,430	45,660
65 to 69 years	15	5	10	27,665	13,060	14,605
70 to 74 years	10	5	0	19,225	9,110	10,110
75 to 79 years	0	0	0	13,205	6,130	7,070
80 to 84 years	5	0	0	10,165	4,550	5,615
85 years and over	0	0	0	12,840	4,585	8,255
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	7,355	2,890	4,470
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	4,180	1,380	2,800
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	1,145	290	855
100 years and over	0	0	0	160	25	135
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	29.9	28.1	32.4	13.0	13.7	12.4
15 to 64 years	62.7	62.5	64.7	65.3	66.1	64.6
65 years and over	7.5	9.4	5.9	21.7	20.2	23.0
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.3	2.5	4.2
Average age of the population	31.4	31.5	31.2	44.4	43.3	45.4
Median age of the population	27.7	27.7	27.8	45.5	44.1	46.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	90	...	...	170,160	...	...
Single-detached house	75	...	...	70,630	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	10,400	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	10	...	...	87,130	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	6,220	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	10,380	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	25,835	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	44,375	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	320	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	1,990	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	90	...	...	170,155	...	...
1 person	10	...	...	56,720	...	...
2 persons	15	...	...	64,200	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	22,550	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	17,830	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	8,860	...	...
Number of persons in private households	330	...	...	372,875	...	...
Average household size	3.7	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	235	115	120	333,465	159,575	173,890
Married or living common law	85	45	45	187,075	93,310	93,765
Married	40	20	20	150,425	75,000	75,425
Living common law	45	25	20	36,650	18,310	18,340
Not married and not living common law	145	75	75	146,390	66,265	80,125
Never married	120	60	60	90,310	48,280	42,025
Separated	10	5	5	9,115	4,015	5,095
Divorced	10	5	5	27,535	9,935	17,600
Widowed	5	5	5	19,435	4,030	15,405
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	85	...	...	106,335	...	...
2 persons	35	...	...	63,895	...	...
3 persons	15	...	...	20,765	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	16,640	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	5,040	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	85	...	...	106,340	...	...
Total couple families	40	...	...	90,950	...	...
Married couples	20	...	...	72,630	...	...
Common-law couples	20	...	...	18,325	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	45	...	...	15,385	...	...
Female parent	25	...	...	11,945	...	...
Male parent	15	...	...	3,440	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	90,955	...	...
Couples without children	15	...	...	53,540	...	...
Couples with children	30	...	...	37,410	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	16,715	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	15,840	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	4,850	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	15,385	...	...
1 child	20	...	...	10,350	...	...
2 children	15	...	...	4,045	...	...
3 or more children	10	...	...	990	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	55	25	30	89,660	40,715	48,945
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	90	...	...	170,160	...	...
One-census-family households	60	...	...	101,115	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5	...	...	50,975	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	55	...	...	50,140	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	2,575	...	...
Non-census-family households	20	...	...	66,465	...	...
One-person households	15	...	...	56,720	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	9,750	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	335	160	170	377,670	182,240	195,430
English only	330	160	170	336,115	163,740	172,370
French only	0	0	0	155	65	90
English and French	5	0	0	38,265	17,115	21,145
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	3,140	1,315	1,825
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	335	160	170	377,665	182,240	195,430
English	335	160	170	367,440	177,435	190,000
French	0	0	0	6,175	3,060	3,115
English and French	0	0	0	1,005	475	530
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	3,050	1,265	1,785
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	6,680	3,295	3,385
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.8	1.8	1.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	330	160	170	377,670	182,235	195,430
Single responses	320	150	165	372,385	179,765	192,620
Official languages	290	140	150	322,925	157,545	165,380
English	290	135	150	316,565	154,395	162,165
French	0	0	0	6,360	3,145	3,215
Non-official languages	30	15	15	49,465	22,225	27,240
Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	265	120	145
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	15	5	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cree, n.o.s.	0	5	0	15	10	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	25	15	10	150	75	75
Comox	0	0	0	5	0	0
Halkomelem	10	10	5	50	20	30
Lillooet	0	0	5	5	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	10	5	80	45	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	49,200	22,105	27,095
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,685	930	760
Berber languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	80	45	45
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	25	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	60	30	30
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,585	875	715
Amharic	0	0	0	110	45	60
Arabic	0	0	0	1,250	705	545
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	115	60	55
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	75	40	40
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,120	500	615
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	135	65	70
Vietnamese	0	0	0	985	440	545
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	4,025	1,515	2,515
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	245	90	155
Fijian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	50	20	25
Ilocano	0	0	0	195	70	120
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	105	30	70
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	3,335	1,260	2,085
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	15	10	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25
Creole languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	15
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	355	185	165
Kannada	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	90	50	40
Tamil	0	0	0	145	70	70
Telugu	0	0	0	95	50	45
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	5	24,945	11,660	13,280
Albanian	0	0	0	125	70	55
Armenian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	4,410	1,995	2,415
Baltic languages	0	0	0	110	65	45
Latvian	0	0	0	55	35	20
Lithuanian	0	0	0	55	30	20
Slavic languages	0	0	0	4,300	1,935	2,370
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Bulgarian	0	0	0	115	50	60
Croatian	0	0	0	420	210	210
Czech	0	0	0	375	180	195
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Polish	0	0	0	1,115	515	600
Russian	0	0	0	1,080	445	640
Serbian	0	0	0	195	90	100
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	90	40	45
Slovak	0	0	0	145	65	75
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	80	35	45
Ukrainian	0	0	0	615	255	355
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	85	40	40
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	25	20	5
Welsh	0	0	0	40	20	25
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	5	0	0	7,960	3,580	4,375
Afrikaans	0	0	0	185	95	90
Danish	0	0	0	465	205	260
Dutch	0	0	0	2,090	980	1,105
Frisian	0	0	0	20	10	15
German	0	0	0	4,665	2,055	2,615
Icelandic	0	0	0	30	15	15
Norwegian	0	0	0	220	105	115
Swedish	0	0	0	205	85	125
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Yiddish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	320	185	135
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	6,180	3,055	3,125
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5,220	2,565	2,660
Bengali	0	0	0	150	70	80
Gujarati	0	0	0	150	75	75
Hindi	0	0	0	525	280	245
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	5	0
Konkani	0	0	0	15	5	5
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	20
Nepali	0	0	0	75	40	30
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	3,885	1,860	2,025
Sindhi	0	0	0	50	30	20
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	80	45	35
Urdu	0	0	0	265	145	120
Iranian languages	0	0	0	935	480	450
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	50	30	20
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	870	445	430
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	5,810	2,700	3,110
Catalan	0	0	0	10	5	10
Italian	0	0	0	1,065	525	545
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,410	645	755
Romanian	0	0	0	295	140	155
Spanish	0	0	0	3,025	1,385	1,640
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Japanese	0	0	0	1,510	425	1,090
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Korean	0	0	0	1,620	670	945
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	290	140	140
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ganda	0	0	0	10	5	5
Igbo	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lingala	0	0	0	0	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Shona	0	0	0	15	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	65	35	30
Wolof	0	0	0	10	10	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	35	40
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Dinka	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	110	60	45
American Sign Language	0	0	0	45	20	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	65	40	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	11,945	5,310	6,630
Chinese languages	0	0	0	11,865	5,260	6,600
Cantonese	0	0	0	5,150	2,350	2,800
Hakka	0	0	0	45	15	35
Mandarin	0	0	0	5,785	2,510	3,280
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	230	100	125
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	125	50	75
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	520	240	280
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	80	50	35
Burmese	0	0	0	35	25	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	320	85	235
Lao	0	0	0	15	5	10
Thai	0	0	0	300	75	225
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	180	105	75
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	10	10
Turkish	0	0	0	160	95	65
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	1,010	460	550
Estonian	0	0	0	65	20	40
Finnish	0	0	0	270	100	170
Hungarian	0	0	0	680	345	335
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Multiple responses	15	5	10	5,280	2,470	2,815
English and French	0	0	0	1,090	500	590
English and non-official language	15	5	5	3,910	1,840	2,075
French and non-official language	0	0	0	150	70	80
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	135	60	70
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	335	160	170	377,670	182,240	195,435
Single responses	325	155	165	368,105	177,880	190,225
Official languages	320	155	160	348,310	168,790	179,525
English	315	155	160	346,395	167,875	178,525
French	0	0	0	1,910	920	995
Non-official languages	5	0	5	19,795	9,090	10,700
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	35	10	25
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	5	30	10	20
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	5	0	0	5	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	5	25	10	10
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	19,755	9,080	10,675
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	820	400	420
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	5	5
Somali	0	0	0	25	10	20
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	785	385	400
Amharic	0	0	0	30	10	20
Arabic	0	0	0	660	330	325
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	50	25	25
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	45	15	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	605	280	320
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	70	35	35
Vietnamese	0	0	0	530	245	285
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,575	685	890
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	60	30	35
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	65	25	40
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,420	625	795
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	130	70	60
Kannada	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	45	25	20
Tamil	0	0	0	45	25	20
Telugu	0	0	0	35	20	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	7,150	3,385	3,765
Albanian	0	0	0	70	30	35
Armenian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,180	550	630
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,180	550	630
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Croatian	0	0	0	125	60	60
Czech	0	0	0	70	30	35
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Polish	0	0	0	285	140	145
Russian	0	0	0	445	200	240
Serbian	0	0	0	70	30	35
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slovak	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	75	25	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	885	425	460
Afrikaans	0	0	0	50	20	30
Danish	0	0	0	25	15	15
Dutch	0	0	0	190	85	100
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	580	290	300
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Swedish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	50	25	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	3,080	1,475	1,605
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,610	1,240	1,370
Bengali	0	0	0	70	30	35
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	15	15
Hindi	0	0	0	185	90	90
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Marathi	0	0	0	15	5	10
Nepali	0	0	0	35	20	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	2,075	970	1,105
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Urdu	0	0	0	155	75	70
Iranian languages	0	0	0	460	230	230
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	25	15	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	435	215	220
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,865	870	995
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	160	70	95
Portuguese	0	0	0	450	205	240
Romanian	0	0	0	100	40	60
Spanish	0	0	0	1,155	550	600
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	525	205	320
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	1,030	455	580
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	75	30	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	15	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	20	5	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	140	80	60
American Sign Language	0	0	0	35	20	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	105	60	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	7,375	3,340	4,030
Chinese languages	0	0	0	7,345	3,325	4,015
Cantonese	0	0	0	2,860	1,315	1,545
Hakka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	4,035	1,815	2,220
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	75	30	40
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	65	30	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	300	135	170
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Burmese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	20	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	95	45	55
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	5	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	5	5
Turkish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	175	85	90
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	35	15	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	140	65	70
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	10	0	10	9,565	4,360	5,210
English and French	0	0	0	685	325	360
English and non-official language	10	0	5	8,635	3,915	4,725
French and non-official language	0	0	0	45	15	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	195	100	100
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	330	160	175	377,665	182,240	195,430
None	310	155	160	344,665	167,330	177,330
English	0	0	0	9,650	4,510	5,135
French	0	0	0	5,110	2,280	2,830
Non-official language	25	10	15	17,570	7,820	9,750
Aboriginal	20	5	15	410	185	225
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	17,160	7,635	9,530
English and French	0	0	0	75	35	40
English and non-official language	0	0	0	220	105	115
French and non-official language	0	0	0	375	155	220
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	230	115	115	323,105	154,705	168,395
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	210	105	105	313,565	150,050	163,515
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	12,704	8,800	14,624	37,101	43,280	32,519
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	210	105	105	313,940	150,340	163,600
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	12,672	8,176	14,624	32,999	37,664	29,515
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	140	70	70	291,005	139,955	151,050
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	14,752	18,560	11,424	34,287	41,169	28,761
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	195	95	105	220,730	95,175	125,555
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	878	552	3,664	5,626	5,487	5,685
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	115	60	55	235,565	117,030	118,530
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	17,216	21,312	13,856	31,820	37,181	27,515
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	225	115	120	323,120	154,690	168,430
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	205	100	110	313,485	149,965	163,515
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	16,787	16,524	17,038	48,004	56,068	40,608
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	205	100	105	313,905	150,315	163,590
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	15,851	15,173	16,503	39,939	45,390	34,931
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	135	65	65	291,045	139,970	151,075
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	18,237	20,327	16,179	46,044	55,034	37,714
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	190	90	105	220,660	95,125	125,535
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,221	3,412	6,787	7,466	7,411	7,508
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	115	55	55	235,565	117,480	118,085
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	19,538	22,360	16,765	41,654	48,343	35,000
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	225	110	115	323,120	154,690	168,430
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	35	20	10	100,060	54,770	45,290
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	29,184	28,160	30,592	53,896	59,237	49,179
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	30,483	31,074	29,399	61,987	67,979	54,742
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	73.8	86.8	64.4	89.0	91.5	85.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.5	74.6	52.7	65.5	68.2	62.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	27.8	17.7	38.8	11.0	8.5	14.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	230	115	115	323,105	154,705	168,395
Without total income	20	10	10	9,540	4,660	4,880
With total income	210	105	105	313,565	150,045	163,520
Percentage with total income	91.3	91.3	91.3	97.0	97.0	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	95	50	40	38,870	16,965	21,900
$10,000 to $19,999	35	10	25	49,620	20,050	29,565
$20,000 to $29,999	35	15	20	41,670	16,905	24,760
$30,000 to $39,999	20	5	15	37,070	15,960	21,110
$40,000 to $49,999	10	5	5	34,105	15,280	18,825
$50,000 to $59,999	5	5	5	27,780	13,445	14,335
$60,000 to $69,999	0	0	0	21,305	11,800	9,505
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	5	17,165	9,825	7,335
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	0	12,865	7,740	5,130
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	9,080	5,505	3,570
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	24,050	16,570	7,480
$100,000 to $149,999	5	0	0	16,365	11,040	5,325
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	7,680	5,530	2,155
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	230	115	120	323,105	154,710	168,395
Without after-tax income	20	10	10	9,165	4,370	4,790
With after-tax income	215	105	110	313,940	150,340	163,600
Percentage with after-tax income	93.5	91.3	91.7	97.2	97.2	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	95	50	40	41,265	18,090	23,170
$10,000 to $19,999	35	15	25	52,180	21,485	30,690
$20,000 to $29,999	40	20	25	50,090	20,890	29,200
$30,000 to $39,999	20	10	10	43,960	19,300	24,665
$40,000 to $49,999	10	5	5	38,350	17,920	20,430
$50,000 to $59,999	5	0	5	28,240	15,315	12,930
$60,000 to $69,999	5	5	0	20,580	12,015	8,565
$70,000 to $79,999	0	0	0	14,105	8,350	5,755
$80,000 and over	0	0	0	25,175	16,985	8,190
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	0	8,045	5,125	2,925
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	4,955	3,320	1,630
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	12,180	8,545	3,635
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	230	115	120	323,100	154,710	168,400
Without employment income	110	55	60	87,545	37,680	49,870
With employment income	120	60	60	235,560	117,035	118,530
Percentage with employment income	52.2	52.2	50.0	72.9	75.6	70.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	25	15	15	39,980	18,660	21,320
$5,000 to $9,999	15	5	10	17,595	7,535	10,060
$10,000 to $19,999	20	5	10	30,295	13,185	17,110
$20,000 to $29,999	20	15	15	25,355	11,395	13,960
$30,000 to $39,999	15	10	5	23,315	10,625	12,685
$40,000 to $49,999	5	0	5	22,630	9,985	12,645
$50,000 to $59,999	0	5	0	18,335	8,980	9,360
$60,000 to $69,999	0	0	0	14,165	8,050	6,115
$70,000 to $79,999	0	0	0	12,320	7,240	5,085
$80,000 and over	0	0	0	31,575	21,390	10,185
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	0	9,570	5,885	3,680
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	6,525	4,135	2,385
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	15,485	11,360	4,120
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	90	...	...	170,160	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	36,224	...	...	69,665	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	35,456	...	...	60,652	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	15	...	...	56,720	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	37,429	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	33,293	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	75	...	...	113,440	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	38,080	...	...	91,630	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	38,016	...	...	79,439	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	90	...	...	170,160	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	39,489	...	...	88,438	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	37,466	...	...	73,679	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10	...	...	56,740	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	15,756	...	...	47,186	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	14,325	...	...	39,804	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	113,420	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	43,602	...	...	109,075	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	41,477	...	...	90,626	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	90	...	...	170,155	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	3,455	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	2,210	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	5,135	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	6,730	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	7,220	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	6,455	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	6,945	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	7,255	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	7,175	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	7,140	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5	...	...	13,590	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	0	...	...	12,195	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	11,510	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	10,455	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	9,250	...	...
$100,000 and over	5	...	...	53,445	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5	...	...	18,110	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	0	...	...	12,490	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	0	...	...	13,120	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	9,730	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	90	...	...	170,155	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	3,690	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	2,255	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	5,235	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	7,045	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	8,440	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	7,935	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	8,525	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	8,680	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	8,520	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	8,505	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5	...	...	15,235	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5	...	...	14,075	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	0	...	...	12,570	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	10,925	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	9,140	...	...
$100,000 and over	0	...	...	39,390	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5	...	...	16,900	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	0	...	...	9,950	...	...
$150,000 and over	0	...	...	12,545	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	80	...	...	105,660	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	38,080	...	...	92,455	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	38,016	...	...	79,935	...	...
Average family size of economic families	4.2	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	5	...	...	50,465	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	86,885	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	75,253	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	37,615	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	45,952	...	...	117,510	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	44,160	...	...	100,468	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	5.5	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	14,580	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	26,432	...	...	54,039	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	26,432	...	...	48,843	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.3	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	75	...	...	105,735	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	43,592	...	...	110,112	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	41,467	...	...	91,130	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	50,480	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	106,410	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	87,194	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	37,690	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	56,402	...	...	133,386	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	52,612	...	...	110,337	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	14,505	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	30,982	...	...	63,658	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	30,442	...	...	55,409	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	15	5	5	82,365	37,715	44,650
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	0	0	0	32,199	32,549	31,940
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	0	0	0	29,037	29,094	28,989
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	15	0	10	82,225	37,735	44,490
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	13,708	0	0	41,417	43,027	40,052
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	12,467	0	0	35,284	36,105	34,588
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	330	160	170	372,875	179,965	192,905
In the bottom half of the distribution	310	150	160	174,015	81,325	92,695
In the bottom decile	160	75	85	40,710	19,645	21,060
In the second decile	75	35	45	32,860	14,650	18,215
In the third decile	35	15	15	32,020	14,760	17,260
In the fourth decile	25	15	10	32,810	15,265	17,540
In the fifth decile	10	5	10	35,615	17,000	18,615
In the top half of the distribution	25	15	15	198,855	98,640	100,215
In the sixth decile	10	5	5	37,265	17,960	19,305
In the seventh decile	0	0	0	39,395	19,445	19,950
In the eighth decile	10	5	5	41,105	20,505	20,600
In the ninth decile	0	5	0	42,330	21,265	21,070
In the top decile	0	0	0	38,770	19,470	19,300
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	0	0	0	367,660	177,465	190,190
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	59,440	30,145	29,300
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	19,010	9,555	9,455
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	232,945	112,650	120,295
65 years and over	0	0	0	75,270	34,675	40,600
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	0	0	0	48,985	22,685	26,300
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	9,300	4,850	4,445
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	2,885	1,495	1,390
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	31,570	14,655	16,915
65 years and over	0	0	0	8,115	3,175	4,940
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	...	...	...	13.3	12.8	13.8
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	15.6	16.1	15.2
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	15.2	15.6	14.7
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	13.6	13.0	14.1
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	10.8	9.2	12.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	32,930	16,045	16,885
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	5,350	2,745	2,605
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	1,495	775	725
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	25,325	12,355	12,970
65 years and over	0	0	0	2,250	940	1,315
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	...	...	...	9.0	9.0	8.9
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	9.0	9.1	8.9
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	7.9	8.1	7.7
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	10.9	11.0	10.8
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	3.0	2.7	3.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	330	155	170	372,875	179,965	192,910
Official languages	330	155	170	369,775	178,695	191,085
English	330	160	170	369,630	178,640	190,990
French	10	0	0	38,010	16,840	21,165
Non-official languages	50	20	25	69,245	31,415	37,835
Aboriginal languages	45	25	25	740	335	410
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	140	60	80
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	10	0	120	55	70
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	40	20	20
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	15	0	20
Cree, n.o.s.	0	10	0	70	35	40
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	10	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages	45	20	25	420	195	225
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	10	0	0	30	10	20
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Straits	35	15	15	345	155	190
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	45	25	15
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	90	35	50
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	60	25	35
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	68,550	31,105	37,450
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,335	1,265	1,060
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	125	55	75
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	30	15	20
Somali	0	0	0	95	35	55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	2,195	1,215	985
Amharic	0	0	0	140	65	80
Arabic	0	0	0	1,660	955	700
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	345	160	185
Maltese	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tigrigna	0	0	0	65	30	35
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,390	650	740
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	175	95	80
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,220	555	665
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	5,355	1,920	3,435
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	375	160	215
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	100	30	70
Ilocano	0	0	0	285	105	175
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	320	125	205
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pangasinan	0	0	0	20	10	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	4,815	1,705	3,110
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	25	10	20
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	40	50
Creole languages	0	0	0	160	80	75
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	55	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	20	50
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	425	235	190
Kannada	0	0	0	30	20	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	155	95	60
Tamil	0	0	0	195	105	90
Telugu	0	0	0	95	45	50
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	39,430	18,285	21,145
Albanian	0	0	0	145	95	50
Armenian	0	0	0	70	35	40
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	5,140	2,375	2,765
Baltic languages	0	0	0	90	60	35
Latvian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Lithuanian	0	0	0	45	35	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	5,050	2,315	2,735
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	55	15	40
Bulgarian	0	0	0	150	80	75
Croatian	0	0	0	755	395	360
Czech	0	0	0	545	260	285
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	1,195	540	650
Russian	0	0	0	1,710	760	950
Serbian	0	0	0	235	105	125
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	60	40	20
Slovak	0	0	0	155	80	75
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	55	15	40
Ukrainian	0	0	0	755	320	440
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	150	60	90
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	60	30	30
Welsh	0	0	0	55	20	35
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Germanic languages	0	0	0	12,105	5,580	6,530
Afrikaans	0	0	0	595	290	300
Danish	0	0	0	640	285	355
Dutch	0	0	0	2,275	1,115	1,155
Frisian	0	0	0	60	20	40
German	0	0	0	8,230	3,750	4,475
Icelandic	0	0	0	95	50	45
Norwegian	0	0	0	305	165	140
Swedish	0	0	0	385	175	215
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	70	35	40
Yiddish	0	0	0	55	15	40
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	540	290	250
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	8,025	4,035	3,990
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	6,865	3,450	3,420
Bengali	0	0	0	145	55	90
Gujarati	0	0	0	195	105	90
Hindi	0	0	0	1,895	990	900
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	10	0
Konkani	0	0	0	15	10	10
Marathi	0	0	0	50	30	20
Nepali	0	0	0	95	30	70
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5,310	2,620	2,690
Sindhi	0	0	0	70	30	40
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	75	35	35
Urdu	0	0	0	535	300	235
Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,150	575	580
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pashto	0	0	0	35	25	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	1,120	550	570
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	55	25
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15,145	6,660	8,485
Catalan	0	0	0	55	30	30
Italian	0	0	0	2,385	1,020	1,365
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,765	835	935
Romanian	0	0	0	300	135	170
Spanish	0	0	0	11,415	4,945	6,465
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	30
Japanese	0	0	0	2,940	1,240	1,700
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	1,875	820	1,050
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	10	655	325	330
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	10	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	20	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	45	15	30
Lingala	0	0	0	20	15	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	50	25	25
Shona	0	0	0	70	45	20
Swahili	0	0	0	280	140	140
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	90	40	50
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	135	60	75
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Sign languages	0	0	0	865	320	550
American Sign Language	0	0	0	440	145	300
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	425	170	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	13,090	5,965	7,130
Chinese languages	0	0	0	13,045	5,950	7,105
Cantonese	0	0	0	5,935	2,820	3,115
Hakka	0	0	0	35	10	25
Mandarin	0	0	0	7,750	3,420	4,320
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	275	100	175
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	135	55	85
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	475	180	295
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	440	170	270
Lao	0	0	0	25	20	10
Thai	0	0	0	415	150	260
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	310	175	135
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	35	20	10
Turkish	0	0	0	280	155	120
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages	0	0	0	1,125	535	590
Estonian	0	0	0	80	25	50
Finnish	0	0	0	230	80	145
Hungarian	0	0	0	820	425	395
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	50	35
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	0	0	0	372,875	179,965	192,915
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	0	0	0	349,885	169,665	180,220
Canadian citizens aged under 18	0	0	0	57,630	29,290	28,335
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	0	0	0	292,255	140,375	151,880
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	22,990	10,300	12,695
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	0	0	0	372,875	179,965	192,910
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	0	0	0	297,135	145,405	151,740
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	68,925	31,295	37,630
Before 1981	0	0	0	32,495	15,135	17,355
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	7,490	3,325	4,170
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	8,990	3,990	5,000
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	12,065	5,295	6,770
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	5,100	2,235	2,865
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	6,960	3,055	3,905
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	7,885	3,555	4,335
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	6,815	3,265	3,550
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	68,920	31,295	37,625
Under 5 years	0	0	0	7,845	3,830	4,010
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	12,090	5,850	6,235
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	15,520	6,940	8,575
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	27,870	12,160	15,710
45 years and over	0	0	0	5,605	2,510	3,095
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	68,925	31,295	37,630
Americas	0	0	0	10,570	4,580	5,990
Brazil	0	0	0	195	95	105
Colombia	0	0	0	305	125	180
El Salvador	0	0	0	175	70	105
Guyana	0	0	0	100	40	60
Haiti	0	0	0	65	25	40
Jamaica	0	0	0	300	165	135
Mexico	0	0	0	795	350	440
Peru	0	0	0	145	65	80
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	250	90	160
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	6,930	3,015	3,915
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	1,310	540	770
Europe	0	0	0	31,665	15,055	16,610
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	125	60	65
Croatia	0	0	0	375	205	165
France	0	0	0	570	215	360
Germany	0	0	0	3,160	1,400	1,760
Greece	0	0	0	230	135	90
Hungary	0	0	0	545	305	240
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	480	250	230
Italy	0	0	0	680	355	325
Netherlands	0	0	0	1,695	875	825
Poland	0	0	0	905	375	525
Portugal	0	0	0	700	320	385
Romania	0	0	0	315	150	165
Russian Federation	0	0	0	615	275	340
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	155	90	65
Ukraine	0	0	0	425	205	225
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	17,630	8,330	9,300
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540
Africa	0	0	0	2,925	1,420	1,505
Algeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	195	130	70
Ethiopia	0	0	0	180	75	100
Kenya	0	0	0	210	75	135
Morocco	0	0	0	115	70	45
Nigeria	0	0	0	130	65	65
Somalia	0	0	0	55	25	30
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	1,190	560	630
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	840	410	425
Asia	0	0	0	22,390	9,585	12,805
Afghanistan	0	0	0	70	45	30
Bangladesh	0	0	0	70	30	35
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	5,590	2,375	3,220
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	1,245	585	660
India	0	0	0	3,715	1,845	1,870
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	780	380	400
Iraq	0	0	0	100	55	45
Japan	0	0	0	905	210	695
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	1,160	510	655
Lebanon	0	0	0	140	85	60
Pakistan	0	0	0	400	220	180
Philippines	0	0	0	4,380	1,560	2,820
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	130	55	70
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	150	85	70
Taiwan	0	0	0	665	250	420
Viet Nam	0	0	0	935	420	515
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	1,935	875	1,060
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	1,380	655	720
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	7,880	3,550	4,335
Americas	0	0	0	1,110	460	650
Brazil	0	0	0	50	30	15
Colombia	0	0	0	50	10	45
Cuba	0	0	0	15	0	20
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	195	90	105
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	645	265	375
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	145	60	90
Europe	0	0	0	1,235	640	590
France	0	0	0	50	20	25
Germany	0	0	0	105	55	55
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	50	30	15
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	90	45	50
Ukraine	0	0	0	85	25	60
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	555	335	220
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	270	115	150
Africa	0	0	0	435	210	225
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	20	10	20
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	30	20	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	25	15	15
Morocco	0	0	0	20	10	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	60	35	20
Somalia	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	110	40	70
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	155	80	75
Asia	0	0	0	4,980	2,145	2,835
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	1,030	435	595
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	60	35	20
India	0	0	0	525	300	220
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	165	80	80
Iraq	0	0	0	30	15	15
Israel	0	0	0	30	20	10
Japan	0	0	0	120	35	80
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	430	175	255
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nepal	0	0	0	50	15	35
Pakistan	0	0	0	65	35	30
Philippines	0	0	0	1,870	740	1,135
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	40	20	25
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	95	45	50
Taiwan	0	0	0	105	35	70
Turkey	0	0	0	20	10	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	25	10	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	60	30	35
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	230	95	135
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	125	95	30
Australia	0	0	0	80	55	20
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	45	40	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	330	160	170	372,875	179,960	192,915
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	15	0	10	79,745	36,635	43,115
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	10	0	10	86,280	41,840	44,440
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	300	150	150	206,845	101,490	105,355
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	37,750	16,810	20,940
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	20,115	9,495	10,625
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	8,780	4,780	4,000
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	11,335	4,715	6,620
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	14,465	5,670	8,795
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	2,825	1,485	1,345
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	350	165	180
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	325	160	170	372,875	179,960	192,910
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	330	160	165	17,880	8,260	9,615
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	325	155	170	17,200	7,965	9,235
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	325	155	170	10,230	4,735	5,500
Métis	10	0	0	6,830	3,185	3,650
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	135	50	85
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	370	180	185
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	310	120	190
Non-Aboriginal identity	10	0	0	354,995	171,700	183,300
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	325	160	170	372,875	179,965	192,910
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	320	150	165	7,725	3,510	4,215
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10	0	0	365,150	176,455	188,695
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	330	160	170	372,875	179,960	192,915
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	285	140	145	4,835	2,350	2,485
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	285	140	145	4,735	2,295	2,435
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	280	140	140	4,105	1,970	2,140
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	590	320	275
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	30	10	25
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	105	60	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	80	45	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	25	0	15
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	35	15	20	18,040	8,275	9,760
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	30	15	25	17,155	7,915	9,240
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	25	11,030	5,145	5,885
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	5,950	2,685	3,265
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	180	90	95
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	885	360	520
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	845	345	505
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	30	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	10	0	0	350,005	169,335	180,665
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	325	160	170	372,875	179,965	192,915
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	50,990	23,790	27,200
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	10,280	5,205	5,075
Chinese	0	0	0	16,460	7,605	8,855
Black	0	0	0	3,535	1,845	1,690
Filipino	0	0	0	6,150	2,365	3,780
Latin American	0	0	0	2,675	1,255	1,420
Arab	0	0	0	1,480	870	615
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	2,550	1,185	1,370
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	1,095	560	535
Korean	0	0	0	2,110	950	1,165
Japanese	0	0	0	2,635	1,035	1,600
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	495	225	265
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	1,515	690	825
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	330	160	170	321,885	156,180	165,705
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	325	155	170	372,875	179,960	192,910
North American Aboriginal origins	320	155	165	22,870	10,625	12,250
First Nations (North American Indian)	315	150	160	16,095	7,520	8,570
Inuit	0	0	0	275	125	150
Métis	0	0	0	7,490	3,395	4,095
Other North American origins	10	0	0	95,560	47,160	48,400
Acadian	0	0	0	550	290	260
American	0	0	0	8,995	4,205	4,795
Canadian	0	0	0	89,015	44,005	45,015
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	155	105	55
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Ontarian	0	0	0	25	0	30
Québécois	0	0	0	290	130	155
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	35	10	25
European origins	40	15	25	293,500	141,260	152,240
British Isles origins	15	10	10	226,415	109,100	117,315
Channel Islander	0	0	0	95	45	50
Cornish	0	0	0	135	80	55
English	10	10	0	147,585	70,730	76,855
Irish	10	0	0	76,705	35,080	41,625
Manx	0	0	0	270	135	140
Scottish	0	0	0	102,985	48,735	54,250
Welsh	0	0	0	14,740	6,815	7,925
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	15,835	7,360	8,475
French origins	0	0	0	40,645	18,445	22,205
Alsatian	0	0	0	30	25	10
Breton	0	0	0	25	10	15
Corsican	0	0	0	15	10	10
French	10	0	0	40,600	18,410	22,190
Western European origins (except French origins)	0	0	10	74,865	35,610	39,260
Austrian	0	0	0	4,490	2,050	2,440
Bavarian	0	0	0	50	20	35
Belgian	0	0	0	2,210	1,015	1,190
Dutch	0	0	0	18,560	8,825	9,735
Flemish	0	0	0	245	100	145
Frisian	0	0	0	95	45	45
German	0	0	0	53,065	25,230	27,830
Luxembourger	0	0	0	65	15	55
Swiss	0	0	0	2,920	1,430	1,490
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	115	55	55
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	15	10	10	33,080	15,560	17,520
Danish	0	0	0	6,410	3,065	3,345
Finnish	0	0	0	2,865	1,350	1,515
Icelandic	0	0	0	2,760	1,305	1,445
Norwegian	10	0	0	12,710	5,935	6,780
Swedish	0	0	0	9,855	4,515	5,345
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	0	0	1,725	875	855
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	48,300	22,970	25,335
Bulgarian	0	0	0	285	135	155
Byelorussian	0	0	0	225	115	105
Czech	0	0	0	2,080	965	1,120
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	635	290	350
Estonian	0	0	0	435	175	260
Hungarian	0	0	0	5,120	2,500	2,620
Latvian	0	0	0	545	265	280
Lithuanian	0	0	0	865	435	435
Moldovan	0	0	0	70	30	40
Polish	0	0	0	14,170	6,765	7,410
Romanian	0	0	0	2,435	1,130	1,305
Russian	0	0	0	8,945	4,325	4,620
Slovak	0	0	0	785	385	400
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20,105	9,405	10,705
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	385	170	215
Southern European origins	0	0	0	25,525	12,040	13,480
Albanian	0	0	0	200	125	75
Bosnian	0	0	0	90	35	50
Catalan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Croatian	0	0	0	1,780	940	845
Cypriot	0	0	0	30	10	25
Greek	0	0	0	2,065	970	1,100
Italian	0	0	0	12,045	5,750	6,290
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	105	50	45
Maltese	0	0	0	320	160	160
Montenegrin	0	0	0	30	25	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	3,495	1,625	1,875
Serbian	0	0	0	635	310	325
Sicilian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Slovenian	0	0	0	450	230	225
Spanish	0	0	0	4,995	2,170	2,825
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	595	280	315
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	65	45	25
Other European origins	0	10	0	3,650	1,795	1,850
Basque	0	0	0	130	55	70
Jewish	0	0	0	1,815	885	935
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	100	40	60
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	65	35	35
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	0	0	1,550	785	765
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	2,320	1,045	1,275
Antiguan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	165	65	100
Bermudan	0	0	0	75	40	35
Carib	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	145	50	100
Dominican	0	0	0	60	15	45
Grenadian	0	0	0	60	20	45
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	105	60	45
Jamaican	0	0	0	1,015	485	530
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	10	10
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	75	25	50
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	285	135	150
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	20	15	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	235	90	140
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	140	75	70
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	0	10	5,125	2,315	2,815
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	235	105	125
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	165	55	110
Belizean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Brazilian	0	0	0	280	115	170
Chilean	0	0	0	425	190	230
Colombian	0	0	0	470	215	255
Costa Rican	0	0	0	105	50	55
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	120	50	65
Guatemalan	0	0	0	170	85	80
Guyanese	0	0	0	190	75	115
Hispanic	0	0	0	80	35	40
Honduran	0	0	0	55	25	30
Maya	0	0	0	80	35	55
Mexican	10	0	0	1,970	915	1,055
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	150	85	65
Panamanian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Paraguayan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Peruvian	0	0	0	200	95	110
Salvadorean	0	0	0	220	100	115
Uruguayan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	90	35	60
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	305	150	155
African origins	0	0	0	5,225	2,680	2,540
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	505	250	255
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Congolese	0	0	0	65	25	40
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	65	35	35
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	25	0	25
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	215	115	100
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	30	20	10
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	20	0	15
Togolese	0	0	0	15	15	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	70	35	30
North African origins	0	0	0	885	495	395
Algerian	0	0	0	25	25	0
Berber	0	0	0	20	15	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	395	220	175
Libyan	0	0	0	170	115	60
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	190	105	85
Sudanese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tunisian	0	0	0	65	35	30
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	25	10	25
Southern and East African origins	10	0	0	2,275	1,140	1,135
Afrikaner	0	0	0	125	60	60
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	65	30	35
Ethiopian	0	0	0	220	105	115
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	175	95	80
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Oromo	0	0	0	20	10	15
Rwandan	0	0	0	70	40	30
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	125	65	60
South African	0	0	0	1,180	590	590
Tanzanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	50	30	15
Zambian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	65	35	30
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	155	80	80
Other African origins	0	0	0	1,630	825	810
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	225	115	115
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	1,430	720	710
Asian origins	0	0	0	47,515	21,885	25,635
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	4,745	2,405	2,340
Afghan	0	0	0	165	90	75
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	370	205	170
Armenian	0	0	0	315	160	155
Assyrian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	40	25	15
Georgian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	1,460	695	765
Iraqi	0	0	0	110	75	35
Israeli	0	0	0	145	75	70
Jordanian	0	0	0	115	65	45
Kazakh	0	0	0	30	0	25
Kurd	0	0	0	35	25	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	720	345	375
Palestinian	0	0	0	165	80	85
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	240	145	100
Syrian	0	0	0	400	190	210
Tajik	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tatar	0	0	0	50	20	30
Turk	0	0	0	420	220	200
Turkmen	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uighur	0	0	0	25	15	15
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	10	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	25	10	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	200	110	95
South Asian origins	0	0	0	10,850	5,495	5,350
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	70	30	40
Bengali	0	0	0	40	15	25
Bhutanese	0	0	0	15	10	10
East Indian	0	0	0	9,230	4,660	4,575
Goan	0	0	0	75	55	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	60	25	40
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	105	30	75
Pakistani	0	0	0	460	270	190
Punjabi	0	0	0	760	385	375
Sinhalese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	165	70	100
Tamil	0	0	0	70	40	30
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	200	95	105
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	32,260	14,175	18,090
Burmese	0	0	0	65	20	40
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	230	125	105
Chinese	0	0	0	17,980	8,260	9,720
Filipino	0	0	0	6,730	2,655	4,075
Hmong	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	425	155	275
Japanese	0	0	0	3,130	1,230	1,895
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	2,170	985	1,185
Laotian	0	0	0	95	60	30
Malaysian	0	0	0	300	105	190
Mongolian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Singaporean	0	0	0	65	30	25
Taiwanese	0	0	0	455	170	280
Thai	0	0	0	495	180	320
Tibetan	0	0	0	30	15	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,665	780	890
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	50	0	45
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	180	80	100
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	185	80	100
Oceania origins	10	0	10	2,660	1,255	1,405
Australian	0	0	0	1,385	635	750
New Zealander	0	0	0	630	340	295
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	10	745	335	410
Fijian	0	0	0	120	75	50
Hawaiian	10	10	10	335	140	195
Maori	0	0	0	155	50	105
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	50	20	25
Samoan	0	0	0	70	45	30
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	35	30	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	85	...	...	170,155	...	...
Owner	60	...	...	107,775	...	...
Renter	15	...	...	62,270	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	90	...	...	170,155	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	30,160	...	...
Not condominium	85	...	...	140,000	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	85	...	...	170,160	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	2,370	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	32,945	...	...
2 bedrooms	15	...	...	49,895	...	...
3 bedrooms	40	...	...	46,095	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	35	...	...	38,855	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	85	...	...	170,160	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	20	...	...	59,820	...	...
5 rooms	20	...	...	25,240	...	...
6 rooms	20	...	...	21,310	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	18,125	...	...
8 or more rooms	15	...	...	45,675	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	90	...	...	170,155	...	...
One person or fewer per room	80	...	...	168,650	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	1,505	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	90	...	...	170,160	...	...
Suitable	70	...	...	164,105	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	6,055	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	90	...	...	170,160	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	40,440	...	...
1961 to 1980	20	...	...	54,755	...	...
1981 to 1990	15	...	...	25,275	...	...
1991 to 2000	35	...	...	21,145	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	8,375	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	11,775	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	10	...	...	8,390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	85	...	...	170,155	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	55	...	...	160,960	...	...
Major repairs needed	35	...	...	9,200	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	90	...	...	170,155	...	...
1 household maintainer	65	...	...	96,760	...	...
2 household maintainers	15	...	...	68,230	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	5,170	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	90	...	...	170,160	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	7,010	...	...
25 to 34 years	10	...	...	22,895	...	...
35 to 44 years	15	...	...	24,430	...	...
45 to 54 years	25	...	...	30,380	...	...
55 to 64 years	20	...	...	34,895	...	...
65 to 74 years	15	...	...	28,915	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	15,020	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	6,610	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	0	...	...	166,925	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	119,385	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	47,540	...	...
30% to less than 100%	0	...	...	40,450	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	105,280	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	56.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	19.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,156	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,388	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	577,597	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	634,182	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	61,905	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	12.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	44.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,003	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,113	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	225	115	115	323,120	154,690	168,430
No certificate, diploma or degree	100	55	45	38,385	20,050	18,335
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	65	30	40	91,460	43,515	47,945
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	55	25	30	193,275	91,125	102,145
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	25	15	10	26,190	19,215	6,980
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	0	10	10,580	5,890	4,695
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	15	10	0	15,610	13,325	2,285
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	20	10	10	62,695	24,725	37,970
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	9,355	3,440	5,910
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	0	0	10	95,035	43,745	51,285
Bachelor's degree	0	0	0	58,360	25,610	32,750
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	6,255	2,670	3,590
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	2,875	1,720	1,155
Master's degree	10	0	0	21,845	10,145	11,695
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	5,695	3,600	2,100
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	150	65	80	203,455	98,130	105,325
No certificate, diploma or degree	60	35	25	14,850	8,965	5,885
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	50	20	30	50,430	25,200	25,230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45	20	25	138,175	63,965	74,210
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	10	10	17,770	13,290	4,480
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	0	0	7,050	4,015	3,030
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	10	10	10	10,725	9,270	1,450
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	20	10	10	45,720	18,450	27,275
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	10	10	6,080	2,375	3,700
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	0	0	0	68,600	29,850	38,755
Bachelor's degree	10	0	10	43,395	18,455	24,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	4,270	1,745	2,530
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	1,925	980	950
Master's degree	0	0	0	15,855	6,900	8,955
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	3,155	1,770	1,380
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	230	110	115	323,120	154,690	168,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	170	85	85	129,845	63,565	66,280
Education	0	0	10	14,805	3,980	10,825
13. Education	10	0	0	14,810	3,980	10,825
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	8,775	3,600	5,165
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	950	765	180
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	7,825	2,840	4,990
Humanities	0	10	0	12,775	5,130	7,640
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	1,675	460	1,215
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	4,210	1,315	2,900
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	2,300	900	1,395
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	125	45	75
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	860	545	320
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	865	550	315
54. History	0	0	0	2,190	1,210	980
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	540	110	430
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	27,290	10,595	16,700
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	600	150	455
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	2,170	770	1,400
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	10	0	3,390	345	3,050
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	3,855	1,450	2,405
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	625	255	375
42. Psychology	0	0	0	5,280	1,720	3,565
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	11,370	5,915	5,450
Business, management and public administration	10	0	0	34,165	13,235	20,930
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	45	25	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	3,855	1,165	2,690
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	10	30,260	12,040	18,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	9,365	5,170	4,195
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	4,490	2,075	2,415
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	1,335	620	710
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	70	15	60
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	3,220	2,400	820
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	250	60	195
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	7,315	4,855	2,460
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	5,515	4,020	1,500
25. Library science	0	0	0	660	95	565
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	1,025	660	365
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	110	80	30
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	0	31,680	28,965	2,725
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	1,355	875	480
14. Engineering	0	0	0	6,170	5,335	835
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	6,660	5,880	780
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	25	0	25
46. Construction trades	10	0	0	8,505	8,320	185
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	5,520	5,305	205
48. Precision production	0	0	0	3,460	3,240	215
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	4,325	2,675	1,655
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	10	2,170	1,245	925
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	2,160	1,435	730
Health and related fields	15	10	0	31,855	6,920	24,940
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	2,105	1,110	1,000
51. Health professions and related programs	15	10	10	28,835	5,235	23,605
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	915	575	340
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	10,875	5,980	4,895
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	0	6,840	2,670	4,170
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	155	140	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	265	240	25
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,500	1,040	465
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	2,110	1,890	220
Other	0	0	0	40	20	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	40	20	20
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	150	65	85	203,455	98,130	105,325
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	105	50	55	65,280	34,165	31,115
Education	0	0	10	8,660	2,230	6,430
13. Education	0	0	0	8,660	2,230	6,430
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	6,435	2,600	3,835
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	635	485	150
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	5,800	2,115	3,690
Humanities	0	0	0	8,595	3,320	5,275
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	1,125	265	860
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	2,815	855	1,970
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,685	660	1,030
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	75	35	40
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	535	325	210
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	530	295	235
54. History	0	0	0	1,525	845	685
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	300	45	250
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	20,360	7,420	12,945
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	450	95	350
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	1,825	620	1,200
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	10	0	2,580	265	2,315
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	2,870	895	1,980
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	535	225	305
42. Psychology	0	0	0	3,590	1,045	2,540
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	8,515	4,270	4,250
Business, management and public administration	0	0	0	25,145	9,490	15,655
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	30	20	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	2,685	720	1,960
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10	0	0	22,430	8,750	13,680
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	6,455	3,315	3,140
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	3,355	1,485	1,865
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	940	435	500
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	40	0	35
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	1,990	1,355	630
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	135	25	105
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	5,975	4,075	1,900
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	4,910	3,605	1,310
25. Library science	0	0	0	385	70	315
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	590	340	245
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	85	65	25
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	0	22,335	20,115	2,220
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	940	545	400
14. Engineering	0	0	0	4,355	3,635	720
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	4,545	3,940	605
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	15	0	15
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	6,220	6,065	155
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	3,860	3,695	165
48. Precision production	0	0	0	2,405	2,240	165
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	3,315	1,920	1,395
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	10	1,605	890	720
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	1,715	1,035	680
Health and related fields	10	0	10	22,865	5,035	17,830
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	1,700	875	825
51. Health professions and related programs	15	10	10	20,605	3,860	16,740
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	560	300	255
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	10	7,990	4,425	3,565
12. Personal and culinary services	10	10	10	5,065	2,085	2,985
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	105	90	15
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	170	145	20
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,135	770	360
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	1,510	1,335	180
Other	0	0	0	35	15	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	35	10	20
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	230	110	115	323,125	154,690	168,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	165	85	85	129,845	63,565	66,280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	55	25	30	193,275	91,125	102,150
Location of study inside Canada	60	30	30	161,960	76,215	85,750
Same as province or territory of residence	55	25	30	113,135	52,405	60,730
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	48,825	23,810	25,020
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	31,310	14,910	16,400
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	8,220	4,230	3,990
Philippines	0	0	0	2,590	810	1,785
India	0	0	0	1,125	590	535
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	7,230	3,785	3,445
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	1,620	645	970
France	0	0	0	300	135	170
Other	0	0	0	10,225	4,725	5,495
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	150	65	80	203,450	98,130	105,325
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	105	50	55	65,280	34,160	31,115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	45	20	25	138,170	63,965	74,205
Location of study inside Canada	45	20	25	118,710	55,475	63,230
Same as province or territory of residence	40	20	25	86,795	39,925	46,875
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	31,910	15,555	16,355
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	19,470	8,490	10,980
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	4,525	2,130	2,395
Philippines	0	0	0	2,330	705	1,625
India	0	0	0	855	385	470
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	3,040	1,495	1,540
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	1,370	555	815
France	0	0	0	220	90	130
Other	0	0	0	7,125	3,125	4,005
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	225	115	115	323,120	154,690	168,430
In the labour force	115	65	50	205,935	104,100	101,840
Employed	85	45	40	194,510	97,915	96,590
Unemployed	30	15	10	11,430	6,180	5,245
Not in the labour force	110	45	65	117,185	50,595	66,595
Participation rate	51.1	56.5	43.5	63.7	67.3	60.5
Employment rate	37.8	39.1	34.8	60.2	63.3	57.3
Unemployment rate	26.1	23.1	20.0	5.6	5.9	5.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	225	115	115	323,120	154,690	168,430
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	130	60	65	106,435	45,635	60,800
Worked	100	50	50	216,685	109,055	107,630
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	35	25	10	103,045	56,645	46,395
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	65	25	35	113,640	52,405	61,230
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.6	39.9	35.4	42.4	42.9	41.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	115	65	50	205,935	104,095	101,835
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	0	3,160	1,540	1,620
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	100	55	50	202,775	102,550	100,220
Employee	95	50	45	172,955	85,120	87,830
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	0	0	10	29,820	17,435	12,385
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	115	65	50	205,935	104,095	101,840
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	10	0	3,160	1,540	1,615
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	100	55	45	202,775	102,555	100,220
0 Management occupations	10	0	10	22,630	13,345	9,285
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	0	0	0	32,140	9,200	22,940
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	15,765	12,275	3,495
3 Health occupations	10	0	0	15,985	3,900	12,090
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	20	10	15	28,850	10,905	17,945
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	8,080	3,445	4,630
6 Sales and service occupations	45	25	15	49,860	22,790	27,070
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	20	15	10	22,895	21,630	1,265
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	3,920	3,020	895
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	2,650	2,050	600
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	115	65	50	205,935	104,095	101,840
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	0	3,160	1,540	1,620
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	100	50	45	202,775	102,555	100,220
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	2,305	1,460	840
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	630	555	80
22 Utilities	0	0	0	500	405	95
23 Construction	0	10	0	13,935	12,575	1,360
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	7,055	5,240	1,815
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	3,790	2,635	1,150
44-45 Retail trade	0	10	0	23,520	11,315	12,200
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	0	0	7,780	5,770	2,015
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	4,215	2,425	1,790
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	6,180	2,555	3,630
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	4,305	2,245	2,060
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	10	0	17,115	9,805	7,310
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	210	75	130
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	10	9,280	5,430	3,850
61 Educational services	10	10	10	16,620	5,975	10,645
62 Health care and social assistance	10	0	0	27,450	6,225	21,225
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	5,675	2,715	2,960
72 Accommodation and food services	25	15	10	18,650	8,705	9,945
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	8,695	3,490	5,205
91 Public administration	10	0	10	24,870	12,965	11,895
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	85	45	40	194,510	97,915	96,595
Worked at home	0	0	0	17,495	8,555	8,940
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	820	540	280
No fixed workplace address	10	10	0	24,035	17,480	6,550
Worked at usual place	75	35	40	152,160	71,335	80,825
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	75	40	40	152,160	71,335	80,825
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	15	0	10	56,880	25,260	31,625
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	55	30	30	91,175	43,620	47,555
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	0	0	3,050	1,770	1,275
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	1,055	685	370
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	85	45	40	176,190	88,815	87,375
Car, truck, van - as a driver	50	25	30	114,990	59,895	55,100
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	15	10	10	8,520	3,145	5,375
Public transit	10	10	0	18,820	7,775	11,040
Walked	10	0	10	18,115	8,120	9,995
Bicycle	0	0	0	11,400	7,055	4,340
Other method	0	0	0	4,345	2,825	1,520
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	85	45	40	176,190	88,815	87,375
Less than 15 minutes	45	20	25	53,615	25,405	28,210
15 to 29 minutes	15	10	10	72,040	36,475	35,560
30 to 44 minutes	15	10	10	31,910	17,195	14,715
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	0	10,720	5,460	5,260
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	7,905	4,275	3,630
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	85	45	40	176,190	88,815	87,375
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	10	7,540	5,070	2,475
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10	10	0	28,135	16,980	11,150
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	20	15	0	47,980	24,355	23,630
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	25	10	20	43,760	19,005	24,750
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	10	0	24,025	10,385	13,640
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	15	10	10	24,745	13,020	11,730
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	110	55	55	223,215	112,270	110,945
Single responses	105	55	55	221,950	111,735	110,215
Official languages	110	55	50	220,745	111,190	109,555
English	110	55	55	220,080	111,005	109,075
French	0	0	0	660	190	475
Non-official languages	0	0	0	1,210	545	665
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	10	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	10
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,185	535	655
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	25	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	230	70	160
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	55	10	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	60	10	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Russian	0	0	0	40	15	35
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	35	10	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	20	10	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	55	20	30
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	35	15	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	85	30	60
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	70	25	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	80	20	60
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	100	55	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	50	10	40
American Sign Language	0	0	0	45	10	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	600	315	280
Chinese languages	0	0	0	600	320	285
Cantonese	0	0	0	295	165	130
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	285	145	140
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,260	535	725
English and French	0	0	0	430	190	245
English and non-official language	0	0	0	800	340	470
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	110	55	55	223,215	112,270	110,945
None	105	55	55	215,565	108,775	106,790
English	0	0	0	1,060	370	690
French	0	0	0	3,090	1,530	1,565
Non-official language	0	0	0	3,310	1,495	1,815
Aboriginal	0	0	0	80	30	45
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	3,225	1,460	1,765
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	180	95	85
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	325	155	170	369,775	178,430	191,350
Non-movers	310	150	160	309,555	149,130	160,430
Movers	15	10	10	60,220	29,295	30,925
Non-migrants	10	10	0	35,595	17,405	18,190
Migrants	10	10	10	24,625	11,890	12,730
Internal migrants	10	10	0	20,580	9,865	10,710
Intraprovincial migrants	15	10	10	13,280	6,210	7,065
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	7,300	3,660	3,640
External migrants	0	0	0	4,045	2,025	2,025
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	300	140	155	356,820	171,985	184,835
Non-movers	220	100	115	201,460	96,885	104,575
Movers	85	40	45	155,355	75,100	80,255
Non-migrants	55	30	25	85,610	41,655	43,955
Migrants	25	10	15	69,745	33,440	36,305
Internal migrants	25	10	15	55,945	26,965	28,980
Intraprovincial migrants	30	10	15	35,445	16,915	18,535
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	20,500	10,050	10,450
External migrants	0	0	0	13,800	6,475	7,330

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Cole Bay 3, IRI [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Capital, RD [Census division], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 29, 2025).

Date modified:: 2024-07-12

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cole Bay 3, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Capital, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census Cole Bay 3, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Capital, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cole Bay 3, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Capital, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia