Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ocean Man 69B, Indian reserve [Dissolved census subdivision], Saskatchewan and North Vancouver, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Ocean Man 69B, IRI Saskatchewan [Dissolved census subdivision]			North Vancouver, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Ocean Man 69B, Indian reserve [Dissolved census subdivision], Saskatchewan Map : Ocean Man 69B, Indian reserve [Dissolved census subdivision], Saskatchewan Change geography 1			Data quality : North Vancouver, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	..	...	...	52,898	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	0	...	...	48,196	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	..	...	...	9.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	..	...	...	26,426	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	..	...	...	24,645	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	..	...	...	4,465.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.59	...	...	11.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	x	x	x	52,900	25,130	27,765
0 to 14 years	x	x	x	7,085	3,575	3,505
0 to 4 years	x	x	x	2,470	1,260	1,210
5 to 9 years	x	x	x	2,405	1,210	1,195
10 to 14 years	x	x	x	2,210	1,105	1,100
15 to 64 years	x	x	x	37,295	17,945	19,355
15 to 19 years	x	x	x	2,465	1,325	1,135
20 to 24 years	x	x	x	3,000	1,500	1,505
25 to 29 years	x	x	x	3,960	1,925	2,035
30 to 34 years	x	x	x	4,270	2,115	2,160
35 to 39 years	x	x	x	3,985	1,885	2,100
40 to 44 years	x	x	x	3,960	1,910	2,050
45 to 49 years	x	x	x	4,090	1,895	2,195
50 to 54 years	x	x	x	4,115	1,915	2,200
55 to 59 years	x	x	x	4,075	1,885	2,185
60 to 64 years	x	x	x	3,375	1,585	1,790
65 years and over	x	x	x	8,520	3,615	4,905
65 to 69 years	x	x	x	2,830	1,275	1,560
70 to 74 years	x	x	x	1,975	870	1,105
75 to 79 years	x	x	x	1,440	615	820
80 to 84 years	x	x	x	1,140	470	670
85 years and over	x	x	x	1,135	385	750
85 to 89 years	x	x	x	715	270	445
90 to 94 years	x	x	x	335	95	240
95 to 99 years	x	x	x	75	20	55
100 years and over	x	x	x	15	0	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	x	x	x	13.4	14.2	12.6
15 to 64 years	x	x	x	70.5	71.4	69.7
65 years and over	x	x	x	16.1	14.4	17.7
85 years and over	x	x	x	2.1	1.5	2.7
Average age of the population	x	x	x	42.1	40.8	43.2
Median age of the population	x	x	x	42.2	40.7	43.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	x	...	...	24,645	...	...
Single-detached house	x	...	...	2,955	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	x	...	...	5,690	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	x	...	...	15,970	...	...
Semi-detached house	x	...	...	890	...	...
Row house	x	...	...	1,955	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	x	...	...	2,895	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	x	...	...	10,205	...	...
Other single-attached house	x	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	x	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	x	...	...	24,645	...	...
1 person	x	...	...	9,395	...	...
2 persons	x	...	...	8,060	...	...
3 persons	x	...	...	3,585	...	...
4 persons	x	...	...	2,590	...	...
5 or more persons	x	...	...	1,010	...	...
Number of persons in private households	x	...	...	52,185	...	...
Average household size	x	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	x	x	x	45,820	21,560	24,260
Married or living common law	x	x	x	24,310	12,075	12,235
Married	x	x	x	19,660	9,740	9,920
Living common law	x	x	x	4,650	2,340	2,310
Not married and not living common law	x	x	x	21,510	9,485	12,025
Never married	x	x	x	13,650	7,125	6,525
Separated	x	x	x	1,460	570	890
Divorced	x	x	x	4,165	1,430	2,735
Widowed	x	x	x	2,235	360	1,870
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	x	...	...	14,355	...	...
2 persons	x	...	...	7,830	...	...
3 persons	x	...	...	3,405	...	...
4 persons	x	...	...	2,540	...	...
5 or more persons	x	...	...	595	...	...
Average size of census families	x	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	x	...	...	14,355	...	...
Total couple families	x	...	...	11,785	...	...
Married couples	x	...	...	9,460	...	...
Common-law couples	x	...	...	2,325	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	x	...	...	2,575	...	...
Female parent	x	...	...	2,115	...	...
Male parent	x	...	...	460	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	11,785	...	...
Couples without children	x	...	...	6,065	...	...
Couples with children	x	...	...	5,725	...	...
1 child	x	...	...	2,725	...	...
2 children	x	...	...	2,430	...	...
3 or more children	x	...	...	570	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	2,570	...	...
1 child	x	...	...	1,760	...	...
2 children	x	...	...	675	...	...
3 or more children	x	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	13,110	5,780	7,335
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	x	...	...	24,645	...	...
One-census-family households	x	...	...	13,785	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	x	...	...	5,805	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	x	...	...	7,985	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	x	...	...	280	...	...
Non-census-family households	x	...	...	10,585	...	...
One-person households	x	...	...	9,395	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	x	...	...	1,185	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	x	x	x	52,520	24,975	27,540
English only	x	x	x	46,635	22,390	24,250
French only	x	x	x	20	10	10
English and French	x	x	x	5,005	2,235	2,770
Neither English nor French	x	x	x	855	345	510
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	x	x	x	52,520	24,975	27,540
English	x	x	x	50,455	24,055	26,400
French	x	x	x	800	395	400
English and French	x	x	x	430	190	245
Neither English nor French	x	x	x	835	335	500
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	x	x	x	1,010	490	520
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	x	x	x	1.9	2.0	1.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	x	x	x	52,520	24,975	27,545
Single responses	x	x	x	51,115	24,330	26,780
Official languages	x	x	x	34,460	16,920	17,545
English	x	x	x	33,705	16,540	17,165
French	x	x	x	755	375	375
Non-official languages	x	x	x	16,655	7,420	9,235
Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	10	10	5
Algonquian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Blackfoot	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	x	x	x	5	0	0
Atikamekw	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moose Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Naskapi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Plains Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Woods Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malecite	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beaver	x	x	x	0	0	0
Carrier	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chilcotin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dene	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gwich'in	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sekani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Slavey	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haida	x	x	x	5	0	0
Inuit languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuktitut	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	x	x	x	0	5	0
Cayuga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mohawk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oneida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kutenai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Michif	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages	x	x	x	0	5	0
Comox	x	x	x	0	0	0
Halkomelem	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lillooet	x	x	x	0	0	0
Okanagan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	x	x	x	5	0	0
Squamish	x	x	x	5	5	0
Straits	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dakota	x	x	x	0	0	0
Stoney	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tlingit	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nisga'a	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haisla	x	x	x	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	x	x	x	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	16,640	7,405	9,230
Afro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	235	140	100
Berber languages	x	x	x	0	5	0
Kabyle	x	x	x	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	x	x	x	0	5	0
Bilen	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oromo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Somali	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Semitic languages	x	x	x	230	135	95
Amharic	x	x	x	10	5	5
Arabic	x	x	x	175	100	75
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Harari	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hebrew	x	x	x	25	20	5
Maltese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tigrigna	x	x	x	20	5	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	65	20	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	x	x	x	5	0	5
Vietnamese	x	x	x	60	20	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	x	x	x	2,260	875	1,385
Bikol	x	x	x	10	5	5
Cebuano	x	x	x	120	60	60
Fijian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	x	x	x	30	10	20
Ilocano	x	x	x	225	90	135
Malagasy	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malay	x	x	x	40	15	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x	x	x	10	5	10
Pangasinan	x	x	x	10	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x	x	x	1,785	675	1,105
Waray-Waray	x	x	x	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	30	15	15
Creole languages	x	x	x	10	10	10
Haitian Creole	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	x	x	x	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	x	x	x	120	65	60
Kannada	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malayalam	x	x	x	15	10	10
Tamil	x	x	x	45	20	25
Telugu	x	x	x	60	35	30
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	x	x	x	10,225	4,730	5,490
Albanian	x	x	x	25	15	10
Armenian	x	x	x	75	30	45
Balto-Slavic languages	x	x	x	1,860	805	1,060
Baltic languages	x	x	x	15	5	5
Latvian	x	x	x	10	5	5
Lithuanian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavic languages	x	x	x	1,845	800	1,045
Belarusan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bosnian	x	x	x	50	25	20
Bulgarian	x	x	x	115	60	55
Croatian	x	x	x	90	45	50
Czech	x	x	x	210	90	125
Macedonian	x	x	x	5	0	5
Polish	x	x	x	410	185	230
Russian	x	x	x	485	190	290
Serbian	x	x	x	125	65	60
Serbo-Croatian	x	x	x	30	15	20
Slovak	x	x	x	230	100	130
Slovene (Slovenian)	x	x	x	15	0	15
Ukrainian	x	x	x	75	25	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	0	5
Celtic languages	x	x	x	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Welsh	x	x	x	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	0	0
Germanic languages	x	x	x	1,115	485	630
Afrikaans	x	x	x	55	30	20
Danish	x	x	x	85	40	45
Dutch	x	x	x	180	80	100
Frisian	x	x	x	0	0	0
German	x	x	x	710	295	415
Icelandic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Norwegian	x	x	x	25	15	15
Swedish	x	x	x	60	25	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	x	x	x	5	0	5
Yiddish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Greek	x	x	x	105	50	55
Indo-Iranian languages	x	x	x	5,125	2,490	2,635
Indo-Aryan languages	x	x	x	780	365	420
Bengali	x	x	x	25	10	10
Gujarati	x	x	x	165	65	100
Hindi	x	x	x	105	55	45
Kashmiri	x	x	x	0	0	0
Konkani	x	x	x	10	5	5
Marathi	x	x	x	15	5	5
Nepali	x	x	x	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x	x	x	345	170	180
Sindhi	x	x	x	60	20	45
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x	x	x	15	5	10
Urdu	x	x	x	40	20	15
Iranian languages	x	x	x	4,335	2,120	2,215
Kurdish	x	x	x	70	35	35
Pashto	x	x	x	15	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	x	x	x	4,260	2,080	2,180
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	x	x	x	1,900	850	1,055
Catalan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Italian	x	x	x	400	185	210
Portuguese	x	x	x	265	110	150
Romanian	x	x	x	240	115	125
Spanish	x	x	x	1,000	435	565
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Japanese	x	x	x	525	185	340
Kartvelian languages	x	x	x	15	10	5
Georgian	x	x	x	15	10	5
Korean	x	x	x	1,070	465	605
Mongolic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mongolian	x	x	x	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	x	x	x	40	20	20
Akan (Twi)	x	x	x	5	0	0
Bamanankan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Edo	x	x	x	5	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ganda	x	x	x	5	0	0
Igbo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lingala	x	x	x	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shona	x	x	x	5	0	0
Swahili	x	x	x	15	5	10
Wolof	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yoruba	x	x	x	0	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dinka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages	x	x	x	15	5	10
American Sign Language	x	x	x	10	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	x	x	x	1,590	690	905
Chinese languages	x	x	x	1,590	685	900
Cantonese	x	x	x	675	305	375
Hakka	x	x	x	10	5	5
Mandarin	x	x	x	775	325	445
Min Dong	x	x	x	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x	x	x	60	25	35
Wu (Shanghainese)	x	x	x	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	x	x	x	50	15	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Burmese	x	x	x	5	0	5
Karenic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibetan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	x	x	x	35	5	30
Lao	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thai	x	x	x	30	5	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages	x	x	x	170	90	80
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	30	20	10
Turkish	x	x	x	135	65	65
Uyghur	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uzbek	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	0	5
Uralic languages	x	x	x	260	115	145
Estonian	x	x	x	10	5	5
Finnish	x	x	x	55	30	30
Hungarian	x	x	x	190	80	110
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	5	5
Multiple responses	x	x	x	1,405	645	760
English and French	x	x	x	150	75	75
English and non-official language	x	x	x	1,175	530	645
French and non-official language	x	x	x	45	25	25
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	35	15	20
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	x	x	x	52,515	24,975	27,540
Single responses	x	x	x	49,090	23,430	25,665
Official languages	x	x	x	40,260	19,375	20,885
English	x	x	x	39,980	19,250	20,725
French	x	x	x	280	120	160
Non-official languages	x	x	x	8,835	4,055	4,775
Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	x	x	x	5	5	0
Blackfoot	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Atikamekw	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moose Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Naskapi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Plains Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Woods Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malecite	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beaver	x	x	x	0	0	0
Carrier	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chilcotin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dene	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gwich'in	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sekani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Slavey	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuktitut	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cayuga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mohawk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oneida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kutenai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Michif	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Comox	x	x	x	0	0	0
Halkomelem	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lillooet	x	x	x	0	0	0
Okanagan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Squamish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Straits	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dakota	x	x	x	0	0	0
Stoney	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tlingit	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nisga'a	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haisla	x	x	x	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	8,835	4,055	4,775
Afro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	100	55	50
Berber languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kabyle	x	x	x	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bilen	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oromo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Somali	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Semitic languages	x	x	x	100	50	45
Amharic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Arabic	x	x	x	70	35	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Harari	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hebrew	x	x	x	10	10	5
Maltese	x	x	x	0	5	0
Tigrigna	x	x	x	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	30	10	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Vietnamese	x	x	x	30	10	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	x	x	x	1,040	445	595
Bikol	x	x	x	0	0	5
Cebuano	x	x	x	30	15	15
Fijian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	x	x	x	5	0	0
Ilocano	x	x	x	70	35	35
Malagasy	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malay	x	x	x	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x	x	x	5	0	0
Pangasinan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x	x	x	905	380	525
Waray-Waray	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	5	0
Creole languages	x	x	x	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	x	x	x	65	30	30
Kannada	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malayalam	x	x	x	5	5	5
Tamil	x	x	x	25	10	15
Telugu	x	x	x	30	15	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	x	x	x	5,325	2,490	2,835
Albanian	x	x	x	5	0	5
Armenian	x	x	x	45	15	30
Balto-Slavic languages	x	x	x	790	370	425
Baltic languages	x	x	x	5	0	5
Latvian	x	x	x	5	0	0
Lithuanian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavic languages	x	x	x	790	365	420
Belarusan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bosnian	x	x	x	15	15	5
Bulgarian	x	x	x	55	30	25
Croatian	x	x	x	25	10	15
Czech	x	x	x	70	30	40
Macedonian	x	x	x	5	0	0
Polish	x	x	x	160	75	90
Russian	x	x	x	270	120	150
Serbian	x	x	x	60	25	35
Serbo-Croatian	x	x	x	10	5	5
Slovak	x	x	x	100	50	50
Slovene (Slovenian)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ukrainian	x	x	x	15	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Welsh	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages	x	x	x	120	45	70
Afrikaans	x	x	x	15	5	10
Danish	x	x	x	10	5	10
Dutch	x	x	x	5	5	10
Frisian	x	x	x	0	0	0
German	x	x	x	80	30	50
Icelandic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Norwegian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swedish	x	x	x	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	x	x	x	0	0	5
Yiddish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Greek	x	x	x	35	10	20
Indo-Iranian languages	x	x	x	3,470	1,640	1,830
Indo-Aryan languages	x	x	x	325	150	170
Bengali	x	x	x	15	5	10
Gujarati	x	x	x	55	25	35
Hindi	x	x	x	35	20	10
Kashmiri	x	x	x	0	0	0
Konkani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Marathi	x	x	x	5	0	0
Nepali	x	x	x	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x	x	x	170	85	90
Sindhi	x	x	x	25	5	20
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x	x	x	10	0	5
Urdu	x	x	x	10	5	5
Iranian languages	x	x	x	3,150	1,495	1,655
Kurdish	x	x	x	45	25	25
Pashto	x	x	x	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	x	x	x	3,095	1,465	1,630
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	x	x	x	860	400	455
Catalan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Italian	x	x	x	90	40	50
Portuguese	x	x	x	150	75	80
Romanian	x	x	x	110	55	55
Spanish	x	x	x	505	235	270
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Japanese	x	x	x	295	130	170
Kartvelian languages	x	x	x	5	0	0
Georgian	x	x	x	5	0	5
Korean	x	x	x	850	375	470
Mongolic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mongolian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	x	x	x	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bamanankan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Edo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ganda	x	x	x	0	0	0
Igbo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lingala	x	x	x	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shona	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swahili	x	x	x	0	5	0
Wolof	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yoruba	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dinka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages	x	x	x	10	5	5
American Sign Language	x	x	x	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	x	x	x	960	445	510
Chinese languages	x	x	x	955	450	510
Cantonese	x	x	x	370	180	185
Hakka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mandarin	x	x	x	515	230	285
Min Dong	x	x	x	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x	x	x	30	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	x	x	x	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	x	x	x	25	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Burmese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Karenic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibetan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	x	x	x	5	0	0
Lao	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thai	x	x	x	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages	x	x	x	55	30	30
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	5	5	5
Turkish	x	x	x	50	25	25
Uyghur	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uzbek	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uralic languages	x	x	x	85	40	50
Estonian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Finnish	x	x	x	20	10	5
Hungarian	x	x	x	70	30	45
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Multiple responses	x	x	x	3,425	1,545	1,880
English and French	x	x	x	105	55	50
English and non-official language	x	x	x	3,240	1,460	1,780
French and non-official language	x	x	x	25	10	10
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	55	20	35
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	x	x	x	52,520	24,975	27,545
None	x	x	x	42,950	20,655	22,295
English	x	x	x	3,970	1,885	2,095
French	x	x	x	595	260	340
Non-official language	x	x	x	4,825	2,110	2,710
Aboriginal	x	x	x	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal	x	x	x	4,800	2,095	2,705
English and French	x	x	x	30	15	20
English and non-official language	x	x	x	80	30	50
French and non-official language	x	x	x	55	25	35
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	45,110	21,260	23,850
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	43,665	20,525	23,140
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	36,973	42,233	33,367
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	43,730	20,590	23,140
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	32,971	36,680	30,354
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	40,375	19,160	21,215
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	35,926	42,098	31,443
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	29,110	11,890	17,215
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	2,489	1,243	3,283
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	34,630	16,805	17,825
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	35,757	41,348	31,649
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	x	x	x	45,115	21,260	23,845
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	43,595	20,510	23,090
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	49,887	57,677	42,967
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	43,660	20,575	23,090
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	40,914	45,835	36,529
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	40,320	19,125	21,200
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	49,408	58,122	41,546
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	29,065	11,790	17,280
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	6,279	6,043	6,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	34,630	16,735	17,895
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	48,497	57,642	39,950
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	x	x	x	45,110	21,260	23,845
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	x	x	x	15,360	8,260	7,100
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	x	x	x	57,571	62,836	52,240
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	x	x	x	71,021	79,574	61,067
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	x	x	x	91.5	94.0	88.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	x	x	x	76.8	80.3	72.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	x	x	x	8.5	6.0	11.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	x	x	x	45,110	21,265	23,850
Without total income	x	x	x	1,445	735	710
With total income	x	x	x	43,665	20,525	23,140
Percentage with total income	x	x	x	96.8	96.5	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	6,110	2,695	3,420
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	6,775	2,755	4,020
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	5,420	2,285	3,140
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	4,990	2,110	2,880
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	4,335	1,890	2,440
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	3,545	1,630	1,915
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	2,925	1,430	1,495
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	2,200	1,180	1,020
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	1,675	880	795
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,300	745	555
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	4,385	2,930	1,455
$100,000 to $149,999	x	x	x	2,885	1,830	1,055
$150,000 and over	x	x	x	1,500	1,100	395
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	x	x	45,110	21,260	23,850
Without after-tax income	x	x	x	1,380	670	710
With after-tax income	x	x	x	43,730	20,590	23,140
Percentage with after-tax income	x	x	x	96.9	96.8	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	6,365	2,860	3,505
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	7,120	2,960	4,160
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	6,575	2,775	3,800
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	5,830	2,505	3,325
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	4,990	2,225	2,770
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	3,755	1,875	1,880
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	2,660	1,385	1,275
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	1,985	1,100	885
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	4,455	2,900	1,550
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	1,320	785	535
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	885	525	355
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	2,250	1,595	655
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	x	x	x	45,110	21,260	23,850
Without employment income	x	x	x	10,480	4,460	6,025
With employment income	x	x	x	34,630	16,805	17,825
Percentage with employment income	x	x	x	76.8	79.0	74.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	4,870	2,180	2,690
$5,000 to $9,999	x	x	x	2,290	965	1,335
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	4,260	1,800	2,460
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	3,775	1,680	2,095
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	3,565	1,590	1,975
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	3,230	1,425	1,810
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	2,705	1,285	1,420
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	2,205	1,100	1,105
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	1,780	950	835
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	5,935	3,835	2,105
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	1,370	725	650
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,060	625	435
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	3,505	2,480	1,025
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	x	...	...	24,645	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	67,119	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	58,415	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	9,400	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	41,687	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	36,580	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	15,245	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	90,265	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	78,176	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	x	...	...	24,645	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	88,248	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	72,487	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	9,390	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	52,383	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	43,132	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	15,260	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	110,316	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	90,550	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	x	...	...	24,645	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	610	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	380	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	725	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	1,115	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	1,055	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	1,005	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	1,040	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	1,100	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	1,020	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	1,095	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	1,875	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	1,815	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	1,580	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	1,435	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	1,220	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	7,585	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	2,375	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	1,660	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	x	...	...	1,830	...	...
$200,000 and over	x	...	...	1,715	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	...	...	24,645	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	645	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	390	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	740	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	1,145	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	1,245	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	1,245	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	1,295	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	1,285	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	1,340	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	1,175	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	2,185	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	2,005	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	1,690	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	1,390	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	1,225	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	5,645	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	2,240	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	1,330	...	...
$150,000 and over	x	...	...	2,075	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	x	...	...	14,385	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	90,985	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	78,763	...	...
Average family size of economic families	x	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	5,740	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	90,086	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	77,560	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	x	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	5,740	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	114,240	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	97,328	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	x	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	2,475	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	57,088	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	51,383	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	x	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	x	...	...	14,350	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	110,577	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	90,507	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	5,745	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	107,045	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	87,847	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	5,790	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	132,107	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	107,002	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	2,445	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	70,538	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	59,353	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	12,050	5,395	6,650
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	38,106	40,064	36,777
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	33,651	35,200	32,747
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	x	x	x	12,105	5,420	6,685
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	48,591	51,318	46,380
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	40,294	41,895	38,997
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	x	x	x	52,185	24,835	27,350
In the bottom half of the distribution	x	x	x	24,695	11,255	13,440
In the bottom decile	x	x	x	6,295	2,965	3,330
In the second decile	x	x	x	5,015	2,210	2,805
In the third decile	x	x	x	4,450	1,990	2,455
In the fourth decile	x	x	x	4,460	2,005	2,455
In the fifth decile	x	x	x	4,470	2,085	2,390
In the top half of the distribution	x	x	x	27,490	13,580	13,910
In the sixth decile	x	x	x	4,590	2,185	2,400
In the seventh decile	x	x	x	4,780	2,290	2,485
In the eighth decile	x	x	x	5,465	2,705	2,760
In the ninth decile	x	x	x	5,895	2,940	2,950
In the top decile	x	x	x	6,770	3,455	3,315
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	x	x	x	52,185	24,835	27,350
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	8,490	4,345	4,140
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	2,945	1,500	1,440
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	35,575	16,985	18,595
65 years and over	x	x	x	8,120	3,510	4,615
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	x	x	x	8,585	3,950	4,640
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	1,585	805	775
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	450	225	220
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	5,485	2,540	2,940
65 years and over	x	x	x	1,515	600	915
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	x	x	x	16.5	15.9	17.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	18.7	18.5	18.7
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	15.3	15.0	15.3
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	15.4	15.0	15.8
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	18.7	17.1	19.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	x	x	x	7,240	3,375	3,865
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	1,300	665	630
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	330	165	165
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	4,925	2,315	2,610
65 years and over	x	x	x	1,020	400	620
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	13.9	13.6	14.1
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	15.3	15.3	15.2
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	11.2	11.0	11.5
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	13.8	13.6	14.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	12.6	11.4	13.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	x	x	x	52,185	24,835	27,350
Official languages	x	x	x	51,325	24,485	26,835
English	x	x	x	51,290	24,475	26,810
French	x	x	x	5,065	2,290	2,770
Non-official languages	x	x	x	20,800	9,490	11,315
Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	30	25	0
Algonquian languages	x	x	x	10	0	10
Blackfoot	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	x	x	x	10	10	0
Atikamekw	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moose Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Naskapi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Plains Cree	x	x	x	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Woods Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malecite	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beaver	x	x	x	0	0	0
Carrier	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chilcotin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dene	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gwich'in	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sekani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Slavey	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haida	x	x	x	10	10	0
Inuit languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuktitut	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cayuga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mohawk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oneida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kutenai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Michif	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages	x	x	x	15	15	0
Comox	x	x	x	0	0	0
Halkomelem	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lillooet	x	x	x	0	0	0
Okanagan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Squamish	x	x	x	10	15	0
Straits	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dakota	x	x	x	0	0	0
Stoney	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tlingit	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nisga'a	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	x	x	x	10	0	0
Haisla	x	x	x	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	x	x	x	0	10	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	20,775	9,465	11,310
Afro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	430	270	160
Berber languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kabyle	x	x	x	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bilen	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oromo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Somali	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Semitic languages	x	x	x	430	275	160
Amharic	x	x	x	15	0	10
Arabic	x	x	x	280	175	110
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Harari	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hebrew	x	x	x	110	70	40
Maltese	x	x	x	10	10	0
Tigrigna	x	x	x	30	20	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	x	x	x	10	0	0
Vietnamese	x	x	x	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	x	x	x	2,955	1,155	1,800
Bikol	x	x	x	15	0	15
Cebuano	x	x	x	90	40	50
Fijian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	x	x	x	0	0	10
Ilocano	x	x	x	290	115	175
Malagasy	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malay	x	x	x	90	45	45
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x	x	x	10	15	0
Pangasinan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x	x	x	2,725	1,045	1,680
Waray-Waray	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	20	10	10
Creole languages	x	x	x	40	25	15
Haitian Creole	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	x	x	x	20	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	20	15	10
Dravidian languages	x	x	x	160	75	80
Kannada	x	x	x	15	10	10
Malayalam	x	x	x	20	10	15
Tamil	x	x	x	75	35	40
Telugu	x	x	x	80	45	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	x	x	x	13,310	6,325	6,980
Albanian	x	x	x	15	10	10
Armenian	x	x	x	145	60	85
Balto-Slavic languages	x	x	x	2,290	1,075	1,215
Baltic languages	x	x	x	15	0	15
Latvian	x	x	x	10	0	10
Lithuanian	x	x	x	10	0	10
Slavic languages	x	x	x	2,275	1,075	1,200
Belarusan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bosnian	x	x	x	75	40	30
Bulgarian	x	x	x	170	85	85
Croatian	x	x	x	165	65	95
Czech	x	x	x	310	135	175
Macedonian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Polish	x	x	x	500	245	250
Russian	x	x	x	695	335	360
Serbian	x	x	x	200	110	90
Serbo-Croatian	x	x	x	45	20	25
Slovak	x	x	x	285	115	170
Slovene (Slovenian)	x	x	x	35	10	25
Ukrainian	x	x	x	175	75	100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages	x	x	x	35	25	10
Scottish Gaelic	x	x	x	15	10	0
Welsh	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	15	10	0
Germanic languages	x	x	x	1,765	820	950
Afrikaans	x	x	x	150	85	65
Danish	x	x	x	75	50	30
Dutch	x	x	x	210	100	110
Frisian	x	x	x	10	0	0
German	x	x	x	1,190	535	660
Icelandic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Norwegian	x	x	x	65	40	25
Swedish	x	x	x	130	50	80
Vlaams (Flemish)	x	x	x	10	10	10
Yiddish	x	x	x	10	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	0	0
Greek	x	x	x	210	95	120
Indo-Iranian languages	x	x	x	5,880	2,870	3,005
Indo-Aryan languages	x	x	x	1,175	575	605
Bengali	x	x	x	25	10	10
Gujarati	x	x	x	315	140	175
Hindi	x	x	x	500	260	235
Kashmiri	x	x	x	0	10	0
Konkani	x	x	x	25	15	10
Marathi	x	x	x	65	30	35
Nepali	x	x	x	35	15	20
Oriya (Odia)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x	x	x	355	180	175
Sindhi	x	x	x	95	35	65
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x	x	x	45	25	20
Urdu	x	x	x	95	40	55
Iranian languages	x	x	x	4,730	2,310	2,420
Kurdish	x	x	x	95	40	60
Pashto	x	x	x	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	x	x	x	4,695	2,300	2,400
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	x	x	x	3,510	1,620	1,890
Catalan	x	x	x	0	0	10
Italian	x	x	x	805	390	415
Portuguese	x	x	x	360	175	185
Romanian	x	x	x	290	135	155
Spanish	x	x	x	2,280	1,020	1,260
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	10	0
Japanese	x	x	x	770	290	480
Kartvelian languages	x	x	x	25	15	10
Georgian	x	x	x	25	15	10
Korean	x	x	x	1,135	505	635
Mongolic languages	x	x	x	10	0	10
Mongolian	x	x	x	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	x	x	x	105	60	50
Akan (Twi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bamanankan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Edo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	10	0	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ga	x	x	x	10	0	0
Ganda	x	x	x	0	0	0
Igbo	x	x	x	10	10	0
Lingala	x	x	x	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shona	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swahili	x	x	x	80	40	40
Wolof	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yoruba	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	60	25	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dinka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages	x	x	x	70	35	30
American Sign Language	x	x	x	35	20	20
Quebec Sign Language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	35	20	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	x	x	x	1,740	730	1,010
Chinese languages	x	x	x	1,740	735	1,005
Cantonese	x	x	x	770	320	450
Hakka	x	x	x	25	10	15
Mandarin	x	x	x	1,100	460	640
Min Dong	x	x	x	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x	x	x	140	55	85
Wu (Shanghainese)	x	x	x	60	20	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	x	x	x	40	10	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Burmese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Karenic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibetan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	x	x	x	45	20	30
Lao	x	x	x	10	0	10
Thai	x	x	x	40	15	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages	x	x	x	400	215	190
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	55	40	20
Turkish	x	x	x	350	180	170
Uyghur	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uzbek	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	20	10	0
Uralic languages	x	x	x	340	165	180
Estonian	x	x	x	15	10	10
Finnish	x	x	x	90	50	40
Hungarian	x	x	x	235	100	135
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	x	x	x	52,185	24,835	27,350
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	x	x	x	45,315	21,610	23,700
Canadian citizens aged under 18	x	x	x	7,565	3,885	3,680
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	x	x	x	37,750	17,725	20,025
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	x	x	x	6,875	3,225	3,650
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	x	x	x	52,185	24,835	27,350
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	x	x	x	30,955	15,130	15,825
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	x	x	x	19,930	9,130	10,795
Before 1981	x	x	x	4,525	2,025	2,495
1981 to 1990	x	x	x	2,130	995	1,140
1991 to 2000	x	x	x	3,855	1,655	2,200
2001 to 2010	x	x	x	5,685	2,680	3,000
2001 to 2005	x	x	x	2,375	1,000	1,380
2006 to 2010	x	x	x	3,300	1,685	1,620
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	x	x	x	3,740	1,780	1,955
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	x	x	x	1,300	575	725
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	x	x	x	19,930	9,130	10,800
Under 5 years	x	x	x	1,570	845	725
5 to 14 years	x	x	x	3,085	1,570	1,515
15 to 24 years	x	x	x	3,435	1,535	1,900
25 to 44 years	x	x	x	9,605	4,120	5,485
45 years and over	x	x	x	2,240	1,070	1,170
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	x	x	x	19,930	9,135	10,795
Americas	x	x	x	2,030	990	1,040
Brazil	x	x	x	130	60	70
Colombia	x	x	x	130	50	80
El Salvador	x	x	x	30	15	20
Guyana	x	x	x	30	10	20
Haiti	x	x	x	25	10	15
Jamaica	x	x	x	50	30	15
Mexico	x	x	x	320	140	180
Peru	x	x	x	90	40	50
Trinidad and Tobago	x	x	x	50	25	30
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	x	x	x	840	435	395
Other places of birth in Americas	x	x	x	335	175	155
Europe	x	x	x	5,885	2,695	3,190
Bosnia and Herzegovina	x	x	x	125	60	65
Croatia	x	x	x	80	30	50
France	x	x	x	130	95	35
Germany	x	x	x	450	165	285
Greece	x	x	x	105	65	40
Hungary	x	x	x	140	45	90
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	x	x	x	135	60	70
Italy	x	x	x	275	140	135
Netherlands	x	x	x	170	85	85
Poland	x	x	x	405	175	230
Portugal	x	x	x	50	25	25
Romania	x	x	x	195	90	105
Russian Federation	x	x	x	215	75	135
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	x	x	x	120	60	65
Ukraine	x	x	x	160	70	90
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	x	x	x	2,125	980	1,145
Other places of birth in Europe	x	x	x	1,015	490	525
Africa	x	x	x	950	485	455
Algeria	x	x	x	20	10	10
Egypt	x	x	x	15	10	10
Ethiopia	x	x	x	30	20	0
Kenya	x	x	x	150	65	85
Morocco	x	x	x	30	15	10
Nigeria	x	x	x	10	10	0
Somalia	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	x	x	x	340	180	155
Other places of birth in Africa	x	x	x	365	175	185
Asia	x	x	x	10,730	4,770	5,970
Afghanistan	x	x	x	25	15	15
Bangladesh	x	x	x	15	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	x	x	x	695	285	410
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	x	x	x	315	140	180
India	x	x	x	655	330	325
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	x	x	x	4,210	2,075	2,130
Iraq	x	x	x	25	15	10
Japan	x	x	x	370	105	265
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	x	x	x	700	310	395
Lebanon	x	x	x	65	45	20
Pakistan	x	x	x	70	25	40
Philippines	x	x	x	2,665	1,025	1,640
Sri Lanka	x	x	x	50	25	25
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	x	x	x	10	0	10
Taiwan	x	x	x	225	95	135
Viet Nam	x	x	x	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	x	x	x	620	270	350
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	x	x	x	335	190	140
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	x	x	x	3,745	1,785	1,955
Americas	x	x	x	400	205	200
Brazil	x	x	x	55	35	20
Colombia	x	x	x	20	0	15
Cuba	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haiti	x	x	x	0	0	0
Jamaica	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mexico	x	x	x	120	60	60
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	x	x	x	155	80	75
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	x	x	x	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Americas	x	x	x	30	10	20
Europe	x	x	x	595	300	290
France	x	x	x	20	15	0
Germany	x	x	x	45	20	25
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	x	x	x	35	15	20
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	x	x	x	30	20	10
Romania	x	x	x	35	15	15
Russian Federation	x	x	x	10	0	10
Ukraine	x	x	x	20	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	x	x	x	205	115	90
Other places of birth in Europe	x	x	x	205	85	120
Africa	x	x	x	135	80	60
Algeria	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cameroon	x	x	x	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	x	x	x	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	x	x	x	0	0	0
Egypt	x	x	x	0	0	0
Eritrea	x	x	x	10	0	0
Ethiopia	x	x	x	10	10	0
Morocco	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nigeria	x	x	x	10	10	0
Somalia	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	x	x	x	65	40	20
Tunisia	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	x	x	x	50	25	25
Asia	x	x	x	2,560	1,165	1,395
Afghanistan	x	x	x	0	0	10
Bangladesh	x	x	x	15	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	x	x	x	175	80	95
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	x	x	x	15	10	10
India	x	x	x	165	105	65
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	x	x	x	1,165	540	625
Iraq	x	x	x	0	0	0
Israel	x	x	x	0	0	0
Japan	x	x	x	50	15	35
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	x	x	x	65	35	35
Lebanon	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nepal	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pakistan	x	x	x	0	10	0
Philippines	x	x	x	765	330	435
Saudi Arabia	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	x	x	x	10	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	x	x	x	0	0	0
Taiwan	x	x	x	25	10	20
Turkey	x	x	x	15	10	10
United Arab Emirates	x	x	x	10	0	10
Viet Nam	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	x	x	x	70	25	45
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	x	x	x	45	30	15
Australia	x	x	x	45	30	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	x	x	x	10	0	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	x	x	x	52,185	24,835	27,350
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	x	x	x	21,740	9,970	11,770
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	x	x	x	12,410	6,015	6,395
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	x	x	x	18,040	8,850	9,185
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	x	x	x	15,590	7,185	8,410
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	x	x	x	10,605	4,975	5,630
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	x	x	x	4,660	2,480	2,175
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	x	x	x	5,950	2,500	3,450
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	x	x	x	3,240	1,350	1,885
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	x	x	x	1,615	805	815
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	x	x	x	125	50	75
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	x	x	x	52,185	24,835	27,350
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	x	x	x	1,150	575	585
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	x	x	x	1,075	515	560
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	x	x	x	650	305	345
Métis	x	x	x	415	205	210
Inuk (Inuit)	x	x	x	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	x	x	x	30	25	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	x	x	x	50	30	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	x	x	x	51,030	24,265	26,770
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	x	x	x	52,185	24,835	27,350
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	x	x	x	555	285	265
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	x	x	x	51,635	24,550	27,085
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	x	x	x	52,185	24,835	27,350
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	x	x	x	285	135	150
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	x	x	x	270	125	145
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	x	x	x	235	115	115
Métis single ancestry	x	x	x	40	10	25
Inuit single ancestry	x	x	x	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	x	x	x	20	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	x	x	x	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	x	x	x	0	10	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	x	x	x	1,365	630	740
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	x	x	x	1,310	590	725
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	830	345	485
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	475	240	240
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	x	x	x	55	35	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	55	40	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	x	x	x	50,535	24,075	26,460
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	x	x	x	52,185	24,835	27,350
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	x	x	x	16,340	7,405	8,935
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	x	x	x	1,840	925	915
Chinese	x	x	x	2,290	1,005	1,290
Black	x	x	x	485	255	240
Filipino	x	x	x	3,450	1,390	2,060
Latin American	x	x	x	840	395	445
Arab	x	x	x	215	125	85
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	x	x	x	265	105	160
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	x	x	x	4,360	2,145	2,220
Korean	x	x	x	1,155	510	645
Japanese	x	x	x	815	300	515
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	x	x	x	140	65	75
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	x	x	x	490	195	285
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	x	x	x	35,845	17,430	18,410
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	x	x	x	52,185	24,835	27,350
North American Aboriginal origins	x	x	x	1,650	765	890
First Nations (North American Indian)	x	x	x	1,130	505	620
Inuit	x	x	x	10	10	0
Métis	x	x	x	580	290	285
Other North American origins	x	x	x	9,295	4,415	4,885
Acadian	x	x	x	80	40	35
American	x	x	x	1,000	480	525
Canadian	x	x	x	8,625	4,100	4,525
New Brunswicker	x	x	x	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	x	x	x	0	10	0
Nova Scotian	x	x	x	10	0	0
Ontarian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Québécois	x	x	x	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	x	x	x	10	10	0
European origins	x	x	x	34,040	16,395	17,635
British Isles origins	x	x	x	22,755	10,915	11,840
Channel Islander	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cornish	x	x	x	0	0	0
English	x	x	x	14,520	7,060	7,460
Irish	x	x	x	8,300	3,710	4,600
Manx	x	x	x	25	10	15
Scottish	x	x	x	10,085	4,705	5,380
Welsh	x	x	x	1,530	720	810
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	x	x	x	1,785	835	955
French origins	x	x	x	3,965	1,860	2,105
Alsatian	x	x	x	15	0	10
Breton	x	x	x	0	0	0
Corsican	x	x	x	0	0	0
French	x	x	x	3,955	1,855	2,095
Western European origins (except French origins)	x	x	x	8,020	3,810	4,205
Austrian	x	x	x	565	270	295
Bavarian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Belgian	x	x	x	185	75	110
Dutch	x	x	x	1,835	865	970
Flemish	x	x	x	55	20	35
Frisian	x	x	x	0	0	0
German	x	x	x	5,675	2,735	2,945
Luxembourger	x	x	x	10	0	0
Swiss	x	x	x	380	165	215
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	x	x	x	15	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	x	x	x	3,260	1,495	1,765
Danish	x	x	x	610	330	280
Finnish	x	x	x	405	190	215
Icelandic	x	x	x	180	70	105
Norwegian	x	x	x	1,085	460	625
Swedish	x	x	x	1,150	510	635
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	x	x	x	165	90	75
Eastern European origins	x	x	x	6,875	3,165	3,710
Bulgarian	x	x	x	215	110	105
Byelorussian	x	x	x	50	30	20
Czech	x	x	x	440	210	225
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	x	x	x	40	25	15
Estonian	x	x	x	75	55	20
Hungarian	x	x	x	785	330	455
Latvian	x	x	x	65	35	35
Lithuanian	x	x	x	105	50	55
Moldovan	x	x	x	15	15	0
Polish	x	x	x	2,050	895	1,150
Romanian	x	x	x	480	210	265
Russian	x	x	x	1,400	620	775
Slovak	x	x	x	400	180	225
Ukrainian	x	x	x	1,795	910	880
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	x	x	x	70	0	65
Southern European origins	x	x	x	5,310	2,595	2,715
Albanian	x	x	x	10	10	0
Bosnian	x	x	x	100	50	55
Catalan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Croatian	x	x	x	310	125	180
Cypriot	x	x	x	15	15	10
Greek	x	x	x	495	240	260
Italian	x	x	x	2,685	1,375	1,305
Kosovar	x	x	x	0	0	0
Macedonian	x	x	x	20	15	10
Maltese	x	x	x	30	15	15
Montenegrin	x	x	x	35	10	25
Portuguese	x	x	x	415	180	240
Serbian	x	x	x	280	155	130
Sicilian	x	x	x	10	0	0
Slovenian	x	x	x	80	30	45
Spanish	x	x	x	1,200	525	675
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	x	x	x	85	45	40
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	x	x	x	0	0	10
Other European origins	x	x	x	340	155	190
Basque	x	x	x	20	0	10
Jewish	x	x	x	165	60	110
Roma (Gypsy)	x	x	x	0	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	x	x	x	20	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	x	x	x	140	80	60
Caribbean origins	x	x	x	355	200	155
Antiguan	x	x	x	0	10	0
Bahamian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Barbadian	x	x	x	35	25	10
Bermudan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Carib	x	x	x	20	15	10
Cuban	x	x	x	30	15	15
Dominican	x	x	x	0	10	0
Grenadian	x	x	x	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haitian	x	x	x	30	10	15
Jamaican	x	x	x	125	70	55
Kittitian/Nevisian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Martinican	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montserratan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	x	x	x	20	10	10
St. Lucian	x	x	x	10	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	x	x	x	90	45	45
Vincentian/Grenadinian	x	x	x	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	x	x	x	20	15	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	x	x	x	40	30	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	x	x	x	1,395	665	735
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	x	x	x	40	20	20
Arawak	x	x	x	10	0	10
Argentinian	x	x	x	110	40	60
Belizean	x	x	x	10	0	0
Bolivian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Brazilian	x	x	x	105	50	45
Chilean	x	x	x	75	35	35
Colombian	x	x	x	185	85	105
Costa Rican	x	x	x	15	10	10
Ecuadorian	x	x	x	15	0	10
Guatemalan	x	x	x	30	25	10
Guyanese	x	x	x	50	20	25
Hispanic	x	x	x	15	10	10
Honduran	x	x	x	10	0	0
Maya	x	x	x	20	15	10
Mexican	x	x	x	510	235	275
Nicaraguan	x	x	x	10	10	0
Panamanian	x	x	x	10	0	0
Paraguayan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Peruvian	x	x	x	125	70	55
Salvadorean	x	x	x	85	20	70
Uruguayan	x	x	x	10	10	0
Venezuelan	x	x	x	95	60	35
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	x	x	x	15	0	15
African origins	x	x	x	1,025	520	505
Central and West African origins	x	x	x	75	40	35
Akan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Angolan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ashanti	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beninese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Burkinabe	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cameroonian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chadian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Congolese	x	x	x	0	10	0
Edo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gabonese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gambian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ghanaian	x	x	x	25	10	10
Guinean	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ibo	x	x	x	0	10	0
Ivorian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Liberian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malinké	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nigerian	x	x	x	35	20	15
Peulh	x	x	x	0	0	0
Senegalese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	x	x	x	10	0	0
Togolese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wolof	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yoruba	x	x	x	15	10	15
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	x	x	x	10	10	0
North African origins	x	x	x	170	70	100
Algerian	x	x	x	55	25	25
Berber	x	x	x	0	0	0
Coptic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dinka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Egyptian	x	x	x	55	30	25
Libyan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Maure	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moroccan	x	x	x	65	20	50
Sudanese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tunisian	x	x	x	0	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	x	x	x	540	290	250
Afrikaner	x	x	x	10	10	0
Amhara	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	x	x	x	45	15	30
Burundian	x	x	x	10	10	0
Djiboutian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Eritrean	x	x	x	10	0	0
Ethiopian	x	x	x	45	35	10
Harari	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kenyan	x	x	x	70	25	40
Malagasy	x	x	x	10	0	10
Mauritian	x	x	x	10	10	10
Oromo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Rwandan	x	x	x	10	0	0
Seychellois	x	x	x	10	0	0
Somali	x	x	x	10	0	0
South African	x	x	x	295	165	130
Tanzanian	x	x	x	10	0	10
Tigrian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ugandan	x	x	x	10	10	0
Zambian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	x	x	x	30	15	15
Zulu	x	x	x	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	x	x	x	40	15	25
Other African origins	x	x	x	305	140	160
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	x	x	x	80	35	45
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	x	x	x	225	110	115
Asian origins	x	x	x	16,155	7,315	8,840
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	x	x	x	5,830	2,865	2,965
Afghan	x	x	x	30	15	15
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	x	x	x	65	50	20
Armenian	x	x	x	195	75	120
Assyrian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	75	40	35
Georgian	x	x	x	75	35	40
Hazara	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iranian	x	x	x	4,890	2,375	2,515
Iraqi	x	x	x	45	25	15
Israeli	x	x	x	45	35	10
Jordanian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kazakh	x	x	x	30	25	0
Kurd	x	x	x	75	30	40
Kuwaiti	x	x	x	10	0	0
Kyrgyz	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lebanese	x	x	x	170	100	75
Palestinian	x	x	x	55	25	25
Pashtun	x	x	x	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Syrian	x	x	x	15	0	10
Tajik	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tatar	x	x	x	20	15	10
Turk	x	x	x	180	90	90
Turkmen	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uighur	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uzbek	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yemeni	x	x	x	10	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	x	x	x	70	30	35
South Asian origins	x	x	x	2,045	965	1,075
Bangladeshi	x	x	x	20	0	15
Bengali	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bhutanese	x	x	x	0	0	0
East Indian	x	x	x	1,715	835	885
Goan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gujarati	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kashmiri	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nepali	x	x	x	20	10	10
Pakistani	x	x	x	75	25	50
Punjabi	x	x	x	70	45	20
Sinhalese	x	x	x	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	x	x	x	100	45	55
Tamil	x	x	x	10	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	x	x	x	75	30	40
East and Southeast Asian origins	x	x	x	8,485	3,545	4,940
Burmese	x	x	x	10	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	x	x	x	10	0	0
Chinese	x	x	x	2,640	1,155	1,490
Filipino	x	x	x	3,550	1,465	2,095
Hmong	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indonesian	x	x	x	100	55	50
Japanese	x	x	x	890	325	570
Karen	x	x	x	0	0	0
Korean	x	x	x	1,195	545	655
Laotian	x	x	x	25	10	20
Malaysian	x	x	x	90	45	50
Mongolian	x	x	x	15	0	15
Singaporean	x	x	x	0	0	0
Taiwanese	x	x	x	195	90	100
Thai	x	x	x	60	20	40
Tibetan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Vietnamese	x	x	x	70	30	45
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	x	x	x	15	0	10
Other Asian origins	x	x	x	40	0	30
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	x	x	x	40	10	35
Oceania origins	x	x	x	525	290	235
Australian	x	x	x	360	195	170
New Zealander	x	x	x	110	60	55
Pacific Islands origins	x	x	x	60	40	20
Fijian	x	x	x	30	20	10
Hawaiian	x	x	x	10	0	0
Maori	x	x	x	25	10	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	x	x	x	0	0	0
Samoan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	x	x	x	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	x	...	...	24,645	...	...
Owner	x	...	...	13,030	...	...
Renter	x	...	...	11,615	...	...
Band housing	x	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	x	...	...	24,645	...	...
Condominium	x	...	...	10,445	...	...
Not condominium	x	...	...	14,205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	x	...	...	24,645	...	...
No bedrooms	x	...	...	475	...	...
1 bedroom	x	...	...	8,510	...	...
2 bedrooms	x	...	...	8,345	...	...
3 bedrooms	x	...	...	4,235	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	x	...	...	3,080	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	x	...	...	24,645	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	x	...	...	14,665	...	...
5 rooms	x	...	...	3,345	...	...
6 rooms	x	...	...	2,040	...	...
7 rooms	x	...	...	1,500	...	...
8 or more rooms	x	...	...	3,085	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	x	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	x	...	...	24,645	...	...
One person or fewer per room	x	...	...	23,795	...	...
More than 1 person per room	x	...	...	855	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	x	...	...	24,645	...	...
Suitable	x	...	...	22,585	...	...
Not suitable	x	...	...	2,055	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	x	...	...	24,645	...	...
1960 or before	x	...	...	4,120	...	...
1961 to 1980	x	...	...	8,585	...	...
1981 to 1990	x	...	...	3,425	...	...
1991 to 2000	x	...	...	3,040	...	...
2001 to 2005	x	...	...	1,315	...	...
2006 to 2010	x	...	...	1,915	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	x	...	...	2,250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	x	...	...	24,645	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	x	...	...	23,195	...	...
Major repairs needed	x	...	...	1,455	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	x	...	...	24,645	...	...
1 household maintainer	x	...	...	15,625	...	...
2 household maintainers	x	...	...	8,420	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	x	...	...	600	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	x	...	...	24,645	...	...
15 to 24 years	x	...	...	585	...	...
25 to 34 years	x	...	...	3,775	...	...
35 to 44 years	x	...	...	4,420	...	...
45 to 54 years	x	...	...	5,195	...	...
55 to 64 years	x	...	...	4,930	...	...
65 to 74 years	x	...	...	3,245	...	...
75 to 84 years	x	...	...	1,795	...	...
85 years and over	x	...	...	695	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	24,600	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	15,785	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	8,815	...	...
30% to less than 100%	x	...	...	7,245	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	x	...	...	13,025	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	x	...	...	61.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	26.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	x	...	...	1,381	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	x	...	...	1,635	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	x	...	...	749,628	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	x	...	...	870,263	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	x	...	...	11,615	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	x	...	...	10.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	45.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	x	...	...	1,223	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	x	...	...	1,339	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	x	x	x	45,110	21,265	23,845
No certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	3,810	1,945	1,865
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	x	x	x	11,175	5,430	5,745
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	30,125	13,890	16,235
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	x	x	x	3,310	2,200	1,110
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	x	x	x	1,540	855	690
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	x	x	x	1,770	1,350	420
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	x	x	x	8,390	3,450	4,940
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	x	x	x	2,195	895	1,300
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	x	x	x	16,225	7,345	8,890
Bachelor's degree	x	x	x	10,715	4,665	6,040
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	x	x	x	1,205	515	690
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	x	x	x	340	160	180
Master's degree	x	x	x	3,460	1,690	1,765
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	x	x	x	510	305	210
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	x	x	x	31,650	15,075	16,570
No certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	1,145	645	505
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	x	x	x	6,300	3,400	2,895
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	24,205	11,030	13,175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	x	x	x	2,285	1,560	725
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	x	x	x	1,050	585	465
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	x	x	x	1,235	975	265
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	x	x	x	6,515	2,760	3,755
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	x	x	x	1,695	695	1,000
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	x	x	x	13,710	6,020	7,690
Bachelor's degree	x	x	x	9,075	3,865	5,215
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	x	x	x	975	410	565
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	x	x	x	300	130	165
Master's degree	x	x	x	2,960	1,390	1,565
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	x	x	x	395	220	175
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	x	x	x	45,110	21,265	23,850
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	x	x	x	14,990	7,375	7,615
Education	x	x	x	1,680	335	1,345
13. Education	x	x	x	1,685	335	1,345
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	x	x	x	2,025	890	1,130
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	x	x	x	305	210	95
50. Visual and performing arts	x	x	x	1,720	685	1,035
Humanities	x	x	x	1,960	730	1,225
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	x	x	x	300	65	230
23. English language and literature/letters	x	x	x	655	200	455
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	x	x	x	515	230	285
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	x	x	x	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	x	x	x	110	60	45
39. Theology and religious vocations	x	x	x	75	35	40
54. History	x	x	x	200	115	85
55. French language and literature/letters	x	x	x	90	10	80
Social and behavioural sciences and law	x	x	x	3,960	1,490	2,465
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	x	x	x	70	20	50
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	x	x	x	565	240	325
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	x	x	x	515	55	465
22. Legal professions and studies	x	x	x	715	320	395
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	x	x	x	55	10	45
42. Psychology	x	x	x	650	140	505
45. Social sciences	x	x	x	1,390	720	675
Business, management and public administration	x	x	x	6,710	2,870	3,845
30.16 Accounting and computer science	x	x	x	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	x	x	x	245	40	205
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	x	x	x	6,460	2,825	3,640
Physical and life sciences and technologies	x	x	x	1,315	615	705
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	x	x	x	555	210	345
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	x	x	x	290	135	160
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	x	x	x	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	x	x	x	425	250	175
41. Science technologies/technicians	x	x	x	40	20	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	x	x	x	1,295	805	490
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	x	x	x	1,035	705	330
25. Library science	x	x	x	80	0	75
27. Mathematics and statistics	x	x	x	170	90	80
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	x	x	x	10	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	x	x	x	5,030	4,260	770
04. Architecture and related services	x	x	x	340	185	155
14. Engineering	x	x	x	2,060	1,655	400
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	x	x	x	750	620	130
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	x	x	x	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	x	x	x	895	865	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	x	x	x	690	665	30
48. Precision production	x	x	x	290	270	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	x	x	x	450	285	165
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	x	x	x	285	170	115
03. Natural resources and conservation	x	x	x	170	120	50
Health and related fields	x	x	x	4,055	760	3,295
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	x	x	x	395	210	185
51. Health professions and related programs	x	x	x	3,615	520	3,095
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	x	x	x	40	30	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	x	x	x	1,645	840	805
12. Personal and culinary services	x	x	x	1,105	390	720
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	x	x	x	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	x	x	x	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	x	x	x	185	140	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	x	x	x	340	310	35
Other	x	x	x	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	x	x	x	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	x	x	x	31,650	15,080	16,575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	x	x	x	7,445	4,045	3,400
Education	x	x	x	1,285	250	1,040
13. Education	x	x	x	1,285	250	1,040
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	x	x	x	1,585	655	925
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	x	x	x	190	140	50
50. Visual and performing arts	x	x	x	1,395	510	880
Humanities	x	x	x	1,525	540	985
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	x	x	x	260	55	205
23. English language and literature/letters	x	x	x	495	140	355
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	x	x	x	390	175	215
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	x	x	x	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	x	x	x	90	45	45
39. Theology and religious vocations	x	x	x	40	15	30
54. History	x	x	x	170	100	70
55. French language and literature/letters	x	x	x	80	10	65
Social and behavioural sciences and law	x	x	x	3,350	1,245	2,110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	x	x	x	65	15	50
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	x	x	x	520	220	305
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	x	x	x	435	50	380
22. Legal professions and studies	x	x	x	600	245	355
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	x	x	x	35	10	30
42. Psychology	x	x	x	515	105	410
45. Social sciences	x	x	x	1,175	595	580
Business, management and public administration	x	x	x	5,455	2,360	3,090
30.16 Accounting and computer science	x	x	x	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	x	x	x	190	35	160
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	x	x	x	5,260	2,325	2,935
Physical and life sciences and technologies	x	x	x	1,055	465	585
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	x	x	x	480	185	290
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	x	x	x	190	70	120
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	x	x	x	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	x	x	x	355	195	165
41. Science technologies/technicians	x	x	x	20	15	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	x	x	x	1,125	710	415
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	x	x	x	940	640	295
25. Library science	x	x	x	50	0	45
27. Mathematics and statistics	x	x	x	135	55	75
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	x	x	x	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	x	x	x	3,935	3,285	650
04. Architecture and related services	x	x	x	270	140	135
14. Engineering	x	x	x	1,675	1,310	365
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	x	x	x	575	480	95
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	x	x	x	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	x	x	x	680	655	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	x	x	x	525	510	15
48. Precision production	x	x	x	210	195	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	x	x	x	385	235	155
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	x	x	x	245	140	100
03. Natural resources and conservation	x	x	x	140	90	50
Health and related fields	x	x	x	3,270	655	2,610
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	x	x	x	335	185	150
51. Health professions and related programs	x	x	x	2,900	450	2,445
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	x	x	x	35	20	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	x	x	x	1,235	635	610
12. Personal and culinary services	x	x	x	795	265	525
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	x	x	x	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	x	x	x	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	x	x	x	165	115	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	x	x	x	275	250	30
Other	x	x	x	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	x	x	x	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	x	x	x	45,110	21,260	23,850
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	14,985	7,375	7,615
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	x	x	x	30,125	13,885	16,240
Location of study inside Canada	x	x	x	19,985	9,300	10,690
Same as province or territory of residence	x	x	x	15,425	7,105	8,320
Different than province or territory of residence	x	x	x	4,565	2,195	2,370
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	x	x	x	10,140	4,590	5,550
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	x	x	x	1,095	670	425
Philippines	x	x	x	1,515	475	1,040
India	x	x	x	330	170	155
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	x	x	x	1,270	620	650
China^{Census data footnote 162}	x	x	x	260	110	150
France	x	x	x	170	70	90
Other	x	x	x	5,505	2,470	3,030
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	x	x	x	31,645	15,075	16,570
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	7,445	4,045	3,400
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	x	x	x	24,205	11,030	13,170
Location of study inside Canada	x	x	x	16,005	7,385	8,615
Same as province or territory of residence	x	x	x	12,455	5,680	6,780
Different than province or territory of residence	x	x	x	3,550	1,710	1,840
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	x	x	x	8,200	3,640	4,555
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	x	x	x	845	520	325
Philippines	x	x	x	1,375	445	930
India	x	x	x	290	160	130
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	x	x	x	860	420	440
China^{Census data footnote 162}	x	x	x	220	90	135
France	x	x	x	150	60	85
Other	x	x	x	4,470	1,950	2,520
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	x	x	x	45,115	21,265	23,850
In the labour force	x	x	x	31,735	15,755	15,985
Employed	x	x	x	30,160	15,005	15,150
Unemployed	x	x	x	1,580	750	830
Not in the labour force	x	x	x	13,375	5,505	7,865
Participation rate	x	x	x	70.3	74.1	67.0
Employment rate	x	x	x	66.9	70.6	63.5
Unemployment rate	x	x	x	5.0	4.8	5.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	x	x	x	45,110	21,260	23,850
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	x	x	x	12,040	4,800	7,235
Worked	x	x	x	33,075	16,460	16,610
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	x	x	x	15,855	8,610	7,240
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	x	x	x	17,215	7,850	9,370
Average weeks worked in reference year	x	x	x	42.6	43.0	42.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	x	x	x	31,735	15,755	15,985
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	x	x	x	405	155	255
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	x	x	x	31,330	15,600	15,725
Employee	x	x	x	26,835	12,850	13,985
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	x	x	x	4,490	2,750	1,745
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	x	x	x	31,735	15,755	15,980
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	x	x	x	405	155	255
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	x	x	x	31,330	15,605	15,725
0 Management occupations	x	x	x	3,965	2,370	1,595
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	x	x	x	5,380	1,710	3,675
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	x	x	x	2,705	2,115	595
3 Health occupations	x	x	x	2,090	325	1,760
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	x	x	x	3,735	1,160	2,580
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	x	x	x	1,795	960	840
6 Sales and service occupations	x	x	x	7,880	3,520	4,360
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	x	x	x	2,990	2,805	185
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	x	x	x	365	310	60
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	x	x	x	415	335	80
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	x	x	x	31,735	15,755	15,980
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	x	x	x	405	155	255
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	x	x	x	31,330	15,600	15,725
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	x	x	x	85	55	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	x	x	x	135	100	30
22 Utilities	x	x	x	135	80	60
23 Construction	x	x	x	2,125	1,870	250
31-33 Manufacturing	x	x	x	1,275	875	400
41 Wholesale trade	x	x	x	970	630	340
44-45 Retail trade	x	x	x	3,770	1,840	1,930
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	x	x	x	1,120	900	220
51 Information and cultural industries	x	x	x	1,335	830	505
52 Finance and insurance	x	x	x	1,640	730	900
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	x	x	x	895	520	375
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	x	x	x	3,910	2,075	1,830
55 Management of companies and enterprises	x	x	x	120	55	65
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	x	x	x	1,470	890	580
61 Educational services	x	x	x	2,245	810	1,440
62 Health care and social assistance	x	x	x	3,560	600	2,965
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	x	x	x	965	485	480
72 Accommodation and food services	x	x	x	2,650	1,110	1,545
81 Other services (except public administration)	x	x	x	1,635	485	1,145
91 Public administration	x	x	x	1,280	655	630
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	x	x	x	30,155	15,005	15,150
Worked at home	x	x	x	2,520	1,265	1,260
Worked outside Canada	x	x	x	220	170	55
No fixed workplace address	x	x	x	3,595	2,530	1,060
Worked at usual place	x	x	x	23,820	11,045	12,780
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	x	x	x	23,820	11,045	12,780
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	x	x	x	6,675	2,665	4,015
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	x	x	x	16,840	8,205	8,630
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	x	x	x	200	105	95
Commute to a different province or territory	x	x	x	110	70	40
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	x	x	x	27,410	13,570	13,840
Car, truck, van - as a driver	x	x	x	15,790	8,635	7,155
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	x	x	x	1,060	420	640
Public transit	x	x	x	6,345	2,595	3,750
Walked	x	x	x	3,090	1,165	1,925
Bicycle	x	x	x	670	490	175
Other method	x	x	x	460	270	200
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	x	x	x	27,410	13,570	13,840
Less than 15 minutes	x	x	x	6,935	3,065	3,870
15 to 29 minutes	x	x	x	8,885	4,370	4,520
30 to 44 minutes	x	x	x	6,815	3,700	3,115
45 to 59 minutes	x	x	x	2,785	1,410	1,375
60 minutes and over	x	x	x	1,985	1,025	965
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	x	x	x	27,410	13,570	13,840
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	x	x	x	1,205	725	480
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	x	x	x	3,920	2,360	1,565
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	x	x	x	7,965	4,020	3,945
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	x	x	x	6,800	3,025	3,775
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	x	x	x	4,105	1,775	2,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	x	x	x	3,415	1,665	1,750
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	x	x	x	34,055	16,900	17,160
Single responses	x	x	x	33,385	16,585	16,800
Official languages	x	x	x	32,865	16,315	16,555
English	x	x	x	32,795	16,300	16,495
French	x	x	x	70	20	60
Non-official languages	x	x	x	520	270	250
Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Blackfoot	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Atikamekw	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moose Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Naskapi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Plains Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Woods Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malecite	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beaver	x	x	x	0	0	0
Carrier	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chilcotin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dene	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gwich'in	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sekani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Slavey	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuktitut	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cayuga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mohawk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oneida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kutenai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Michif	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Comox	x	x	x	0	0	0
Halkomelem	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lillooet	x	x	x	0	0	0
Okanagan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Squamish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Straits	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dakota	x	x	x	0	0	0
Stoney	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tlingit	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nisga'a	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haisla	x	x	x	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	520	270	250
Afro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Berber languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kabyle	x	x	x	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bilen	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oromo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Somali	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Semitic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Amharic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Arabic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Harari	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hebrew	x	x	x	0	0	0
Maltese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tigrigna	x	x	x	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Vietnamese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	x	x	x	35	15	15
Bikol	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cebuano	x	x	x	0	0	0
Fijian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ilocano	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malagasy	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malay	x	x	x	0	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pangasinan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x	x	x	30	15	15
Waray-Waray	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kannada	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malayalam	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tamil	x	x	x	0	0	0
Telugu	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	x	x	x	250	130	120
Albanian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Armenian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	x	x	x	25	15	15
Baltic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Latvian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lithuanian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavic languages	x	x	x	25	10	10
Belarusan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bosnian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bulgarian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Croatian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Czech	x	x	x	10	0	0
Macedonian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Polish	x	x	x	10	0	10
Russian	x	x	x	10	10	0
Serbian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slovak	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ukrainian	x	x	x	0	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Welsh	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Afrikaans	x	x	x	0	0	0
Danish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dutch	x	x	x	0	0	0
Frisian	x	x	x	0	0	0
German	x	x	x	0	0	0
Icelandic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Norwegian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swedish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yiddish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Greek	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	x	x	x	170	95	70
Indo-Aryan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bengali	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gujarati	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hindi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kashmiri	x	x	x	0	0	0
Konkani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Marathi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nepali	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sindhi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Urdu	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iranian languages	x	x	x	170	95	70
Kurdish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pashto	x	x	x	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	x	x	x	170	95	70
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	x	x	x	55	25	30
Catalan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Italian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Portuguese	x	x	x	15	15	0
Romanian	x	x	x	10	0	0
Spanish	x	x	x	35	10	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Japanese	x	x	x	70	20	45
Kartvelian languages	x	x	x	0	10	0
Georgian	x	x	x	0	10	0
Korean	x	x	x	70	50	20
Mongolic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mongolian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bamanankan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Edo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ganda	x	x	x	0	0	0
Igbo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lingala	x	x	x	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shona	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swahili	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wolof	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yoruba	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dinka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
American Sign Language	x	x	x	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	x	x	x	85	45	40
Chinese languages	x	x	x	85	45	40
Cantonese	x	x	x	40	15	20
Hakka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mandarin	x	x	x	45	25	20
Min Dong	x	x	x	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Burmese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Karenic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibetan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lao	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uyghur	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uzbek	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uralic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Estonian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Finnish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hungarian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Multiple responses	x	x	x	675	310	360
English and French	x	x	x	130	50	70
English and non-official language	x	x	x	530	260	275
French and non-official language	x	x	x	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	10	0	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	x	x	x	34,055	16,895	17,160
None	x	x	x	31,875	15,895	15,980
English	x	x	x	310	140	170
French	x	x	x	410	175	235
Non-official language	x	x	x	1,425	675	755
Aboriginal	x	x	x	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal	x	x	x	1,420	660	755
English and French	x	x	x	0	0	0
English and non-official language	x	x	x	10	0	0
French and non-official language	x	x	x	35	15	20
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	x	x	x	51,755	24,620	27,135
Non-movers	x	x	x	43,440	20,595	22,850
Movers	x	x	x	8,315	4,030	4,285
Non-migrants	x	x	x	4,770	2,330	2,435
Migrants	x	x	x	3,540	1,695	1,845
Internal migrants	x	x	x	2,630	1,295	1,335
Intraprovincial migrants	x	x	x	2,000	995	1,005
Interprovincial migrants	x	x	x	635	305	335
External migrants	x	x	x	910	400	510
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	x	x	x	49,830	23,610	26,225
Non-movers	x	x	x	25,020	11,715	13,310
Movers	x	x	x	24,810	11,900	12,910
Non-migrants	x	x	x	13,770	6,540	7,230
Migrants	x	x	x	11,040	5,360	5,680
Internal migrants	x	x	x	6,860	3,375	3,485
Intraprovincial migrants	x	x	x	5,325	2,640	2,690
Interprovincial migrants	x	x	x	1,535	735	800
External migrants	x	x	x	4,175	1,980	2,195

Symbol(s):

^..

not available for a specific reference period

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Ocean Man 69B, IRI [Dissolved census subdivision], Saskatchewan and North Vancouver, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 19, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ocean Man 69B, Indian reserve [Dissolved census subdivision], Saskatchewan and North Vancouver, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Ocean Man 69B, Indian reserve [Dissolved census subdivision], Saskatchewan and North Vancouver, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ocean Man 69B, Indian reserve [Dissolved census subdivision], Saskatchewan and North Vancouver, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia