Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fredericton [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Highlands, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Fredericton New Brunswick [Federal electoral district]			Highlands, DM British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Fredericton [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick Map : Fredericton [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Highlands, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	83,303	...	...	2,225	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	81,759	...	...	2,120	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.9	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	38,988	...	...	862	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	35,505	...	...	831	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	55.4	...	...	58.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,502.52	...	...	38.05	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	83,305	40,785	42,515	2,225	1,135	1,095
0 to 14 years	13,430	6,850	6,580	350	175	175
0 to 4 years	4,435	2,280	2,160	95	50	50
5 to 9 years	4,570	2,325	2,245	110	60	55
10 to 14 years	4,420	2,245	2,175	140	70	70
15 to 64 years	56,250	27,970	28,280	1,575	800	775
15 to 19 years	4,820	2,475	2,350	115	65	50
20 to 24 years	7,045	3,705	3,340	105	55	60
25 to 29 years	6,300	3,315	2,980	90	45	40
30 to 34 years	5,660	2,880	2,780	135	65	70
35 to 39 years	5,360	2,630	2,730	130	70	60
40 to 44 years	5,440	2,595	2,850	165	80	80
45 to 49 years	5,455	2,650	2,805	175	85	90
50 to 54 years	5,880	2,875	3,005	215	110	110
55 to 59 years	5,445	2,630	2,820	260	140	120
60 to 64 years	4,840	2,220	2,625	185	90	95
65 years and over	13,625	5,965	7,660	300	155	145
65 to 69 years	4,470	2,100	2,370	130	70	60
70 to 74 years	3,210	1,470	1,740	60	30	35
75 to 79 years	2,455	1,120	1,335	60	25	30
80 to 84 years	1,745	720	1,025	30	15	10
85 years and over	1,745	560	1,190	20	10	10
85 to 89 years	1,060	390	670	15	5	5
90 to 94 years	535	130	405	5	5	0
95 to 99 years	135	30	100	0	0	0
100 years and over	10	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.1	16.8	15.5	15.7	15.4	16.0
15 to 64 years	67.5	68.6	66.5	70.8	70.5	70.8
65 years and over	16.4	14.6	18.0	13.5	13.7	13.2
85 years and over	2.1	1.4	2.8	0.9	0.9	0.9
Average age of the population	40.1	38.8	41.4	42.3	42.3	42.2
Median age of the population	39.1	37.1	40.9	45.6	45.7	45.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	35,505	...	...	830	...	...
Single-detached house	19,045	...	...	790	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	500	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	13,900	...	...	35	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,045	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	1,360	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,520	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,785	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	185	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	2,055	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	35,505	...	...	830	...	...
1 person	10,450	...	...	145	...	...
2 persons	13,235	...	...	335	...	...
3 persons	5,495	...	...	125	...	...
4 persons	4,385	...	...	150	...	...
5 or more persons	1,935	...	...	75	...	...
Number of persons in private households	81,400	...	...	2,225	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	69,875	33,935	35,940	1,875	955	925
Married or living common law	40,055	20,000	20,060	1,300	645	650
Married	32,240	16,090	16,155	1,040	525	525
Living common law	7,815	3,910	3,905	250	125	130
Not married and not living common law	29,820	13,935	15,880	575	305	270
Never married	19,855	10,825	9,040	390	230	160
Separated	2,090	900	1,190	35	15	20
Divorced	4,085	1,495	2,590	90	45	45
Widowed	3,785	720	3,060	55	15	40
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	23,350	...	...	700	...	...
2 persons	12,770	...	...	390	...	...
3 persons	5,000	...	...	135	...	...
4 persons	4,110	...	...	135	...	...
5 or more persons	1,475	...	...	40	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	23,355	...	...	700	...	...
Total couple families	19,645	...	...	640	...	...
Married couples	15,745	...	...	515	...	...
Common-law couples	3,905	...	...	130	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,705	...	...	55	...	...
Female parent	2,975	...	...	45	...	...
Male parent	730	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	19,645	...	...	645	...	...
Couples without children	10,400	...	...	355	...	...
Couples with children	9,255	...	...	290	...	...
1 child	3,980	...	...	110	...	...
2 children	3,860	...	...	140	...	...
3 or more children	1,415	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,705	...	...	55	...	...
1 child	2,370	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	1,020	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	315	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	16,575	7,950	8,625	275	150	120
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	35,505	...	...	830	...	...
One-census-family households	22,630	...	...	635	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	10,115	...	...	315	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	12,515	...	...	315	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	360	...	...	35	...	...
Non-census-family households	12,520	...	...	170	...	...
One-person households	10,455	...	...	145	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,065	...	...	25	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	82,535	40,510	42,025	2,225	1,130	1,095
English only	62,605	31,370	31,235	2,100	1,070	1,025
French only	535	255	280	0	0	0
English and French	18,735	8,580	10,150	120	60	65
Neither English nor French	660	300	360	5	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	82,535	40,510	42,025	2,225	1,135	1,090
English	74,895	36,850	38,050	2,205	1,120	1,080
French	6,570	3,175	3,395	15	10	5
English and French	420	200	220	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	645	295	355	5	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	6,785	3,275	3,510	20	15	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	8.2	8.1	8.4	0.9	1.3	0.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	82,535	40,510	42,025	2,225	1,130	1,095
Single responses	81,355	39,965	41,380	2,210	1,120	1,090
Official languages	75,465	36,995	38,470	2,085	1,060	1,025
English	68,880	33,805	35,075	2,065	1,050	1,020
French	6,585	3,190	3,400	20	10	5
Non-official languages	5,890	2,975	2,915	125	55	65
Aboriginal languages	95	45	45	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	90	40	45	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	90	45	40	0	0	0
Malecite	60	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,790	2,925	2,865	125	55	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,020	560	465	0	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,020	555	460	0	0	0
Amharic	35	20	10	0	0	0
Arabic	925	505	425	0	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	55	35	25	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	195	100	90	0	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	185	95	90	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	190	75	115	0	5	0
Bikol	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	5	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	55	85	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Kannada	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	40	25	15	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,450	1,210	1,240	100	50	55
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	610	300	310	15	5	10
Baltic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	595	295	305	15	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	5	0	0
Croatian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	10	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	65	30	35	5	0	0
Russian	315	165	150	5	5	5
Serbian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	490	205	285	55	25	30
Afrikaans	0	0	5	5	0	5
Danish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dutch	145	70	80	15	15	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	295	115	180	30	15	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	805	430	375	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	465	255	215	5	0	0
Bengali	80	50	35	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	95	50	45	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	25	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	140	70	75	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	15	10	5	0	5
Sindhi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	65	40	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	330	175	160	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	15	10	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	300	160	140	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	485	245	245	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	60	35	25	5	5	0
Portuguese	65	30	40	10	5	5
Romanian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Spanish	305	155	150	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	5	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	330	180	155	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	150	80	65	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	50	20	25	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	10	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,210	615	600	10	0	5
Chinese languages	1,210	615	600	10	5	5
Cantonese	115	60	60	0	0	0
Hakka	10	10	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	955	485	470	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	30	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	5	10	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	45	25	25	5	5	5
Estonian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	5	5	0
Hungarian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,185	545	640	15	10	5
English and French	740	330	410	5	5	0
English and non-official language	380	185	195	5	5	5
French and non-official language	35	20	15	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	15	20	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	82,535	40,515	42,025	2,225	1,130	1,090
Single responses	81,010	39,750	41,255	2,210	1,120	1,085
Official languages	77,405	37,910	39,500	2,175	1,110	1,070
English	73,415	35,930	37,485	2,175	1,105	1,065
French	3,995	1,975	2,015	5	5	0
Non-official languages	3,605	1,845	1,760	30	10	20
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Malecite	15	10	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,585	1,835	1,755	30	15	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	700	360	345	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	705	355	345	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	665	345	325	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	165	85	75	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	160	85	75	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	20	25	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	15	10	0	0	0
Telugu	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,285	655	635	30	15	15
Albanian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	400	205	195	5	5	5
Baltic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	390	195	190	10	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	255	130	125	0	5	5
Serbian	60	35	30	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	30	40	10	0	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	50	20	30	5	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	555	290	265	0	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	295	150	145	5	0	0
Bengali	55	30	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	55	30	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	110	45	60	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	5	0	5
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	260	135	120	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	250	135	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	235	120	115	5	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Romanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	160	80	75	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	260	140	115	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	30	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	950	485	460	0	0	0
Chinese languages	950	485	465	0	0	0
Cantonese	60	30	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	800	415	380	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,525	760	765	15	10	5
English and French	540	265	275	0	0	0
English and non-official language	925	470	455	15	5	5
French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	50	20	25	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	82,535	40,510	42,025	2,225	1,135	1,095
None	74,160	36,555	37,605	2,130	1,085	1,045
English	3,250	1,625	1,625	25	10	15
French	3,310	1,470	1,845	25	15	10
Non-official language	1,675	805	875	40	20	25
Aboriginal	145	65	75	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,535	735	795	40	15	25
English and French	40	15	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	35	20	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	65	25	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	68,015	32,950	35,065	1,880	955	920
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	64,680	31,320	33,365	1,810	925	885
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,921	43,099	28,380	45,200	53,589	40,128
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	64,710	31,315	33,395	1,815	930	890
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,253	37,604	26,080	39,142	45,363	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	59,235	29,450	29,790	1,720	880	840
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,684	41,391	25,643	42,816	51,904	36,531
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	44,255	18,375	25,885	1,065	460	605
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,568	5,462	5,631	4,848	6,816	4,128
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	48,440	24,920	23,525	1,475	765	710
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,739	39,889	26,655	41,830	49,408	34,816
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	68,025	32,900	35,120	1,875	925	950
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,695	31,195	33,500	1,820	900	915
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,003	50,003	36,485	53,630	60,196	47,151
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,725	31,195	33,530	1,830	910	920
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,874	41,068	31,042	44,860	49,585	40,185
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	59,085	29,360	29,720	1,745	865	880
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,574	48,636	34,595	51,930	59,586	44,391
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	44,460	18,440	26,015	1,085	445	640
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,332	7,140	7,469	6,496	6,412	6,555
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	48,440	24,750	23,690	1,475	735	740
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,732	46,591	34,611	49,360	56,985	41,716
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	68,020	32,900	35,120	1,875	930	950
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	24,755	13,395	11,365	665	380	290
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,750	57,479	45,649	57,304	62,906	54,396
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,192	62,987	50,363	68,456	72,740	62,821
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.5	91.8	84.2	92.0	93.4	90.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	71.0	74.1	67.0	73.3	74.7	71.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.5	8.2	15.8	7.9	6.6	9.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	68,015	32,950	35,065	1,880	955	920
Without total income	3,335	1,635	1,700	65	30	35
With total income	64,685	31,320	33,365	1,810	925	885
Percentage with total income	95.1	95.1	95.2	96.3	96.9	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,755	3,685	5,070	190	100	90
$10,000 to $19,999	10,515	3,850	6,665	225	90	140
$20,000 to $29,999	9,295	3,595	5,695	180	70	110
$30,000 to $39,999	7,640	3,435	4,205	195	90	100
$40,000 to $49,999	6,930	3,330	3,595	220	90	125
$50,000 to $59,999	5,600	3,150	2,450	180	80	100
$60,000 to $69,999	4,850	3,100	1,745	130	70	55
$70,000 to $79,999	3,455	2,045	1,410	110	75	35
$80,000 to $89,999	2,360	1,400	960	95	65	30
$90,000 to $99,999	1,405	910	490	80	50	30
$100,000 and over	3,885	2,810	1,070	210	145	65
$100,000 to $149,999	2,765	1,980	785	155	110	45
$150,000 and over	1,120	835	285	55	35	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	68,015	32,950	35,065	1,875	955	925
Without after-tax income	3,305	1,630	1,675	60	25	35
With after-tax income	64,710	31,320	33,390	1,815	930	885
Percentage with after-tax income	95.1	95.1	95.2	96.8	97.4	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,165	3,735	5,430	210	115	95
$10,000 to $19,999	11,160	4,135	7,020	245	95	150
$20,000 to $29,999	10,860	4,355	6,510	220	85	130
$30,000 to $39,999	9,500	4,450	5,055	260	120	140
$40,000 to $49,999	8,155	4,410	3,750	240	105	135
$50,000 to $59,999	6,280	3,985	2,295	175	100	75
$60,000 to $69,999	3,960	2,305	1,655	145	100	45
$70,000 to $79,999	2,035	1,325	710	115	65	45
$80,000 and over	3,585	2,625	965	215	145	65
$80,000 to $89,999	1,255	890	365	65	40	25
$90,000 to $99,999	695	520	175	50	45	10
$100,000 and over	1,640	1,215	425	95	65	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	68,020	32,955	35,065	1,875	955	925
Without employment income	19,575	8,030	11,540	400	185	215
With employment income	48,445	24,920	23,520	1,475	770	710
Percentage with employment income	71.2	75.6	67.1	78.7	80.6	76.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,670	2,580	3,090	190	100	85
$5,000 to $9,999	4,230	1,875	2,350	90	45	45
$10,000 to $19,999	6,920	3,000	3,915	165	70	100
$20,000 to $29,999	6,040	2,690	3,350	130	55	75
$30,000 to $39,999	4,840	2,345	2,500	135	55	80
$40,000 to $49,999	4,810	2,310	2,500	165	65	100
$50,000 to $59,999	3,950	2,330	1,620	130	65	65
$60,000 to $69,999	3,695	2,405	1,285	85	50	35
$70,000 to $79,999	2,655	1,505	1,155	100	70	30
$80,000 and over	5,635	3,880	1,760	290	200	85
$80,000 to $89,999	1,745	1,070	680	80	55	25
$90,000 to $99,999	1,080	705	375	55	35	20
$100,000 and over	2,815	2,105	705	145	105	40
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	35,505	...	...	830	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,186	...	...	103,509	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,666	...	...	87,168	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,455	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,387	...	...	45,696	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,250	...	...	39,808	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	25,050	...	...	690	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,117	...	...	115,584	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,363	...	...	96,832	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	35,500	...	...	835	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	117,332	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,406	...	...	98,637	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,390	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,540	...	...	64,658	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,879	...	...	52,852	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	25,110	...	...	705	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,197	...	...	127,092	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,621	...	...	107,121	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	35,505	...	...	830	...	...
Under $5,000	610	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	810	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	755	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,420	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,575	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,525	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,610	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,550	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,620	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,605	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,070	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,985	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,625	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,275	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,860	...	...	55	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,605	...	...	435	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,605	...	...	120	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,395	...	...	85	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,250	...	...	130	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,345	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	35,505	...	...	830	...	...
Under $5,000	630	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	820	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	770	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,495	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,815	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,725	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,915	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,980	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,025	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,055	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,720	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,310	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,700	...	...	65	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,320	...	...	65	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,845	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,365	...	...	330	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,235	...	...	105	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,540	...	...	110	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,590	...	...	120	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	23,355	...	...	675	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,518	...	...	115,029	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,161	...	...	95,744	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,960	...	...	305	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,895	...	...	103,680	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,203	...	...	85,888	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	9,325	...	...	290	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,400	...	...	136,704	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,776	...	...	117,504	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,495	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,492	...	...	69,120	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,109	...	...	60,160	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	23,460	...	...	685	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,590	...	...	123,872	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,521	...	...	104,398	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	10,105	...	...	315	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,938	...	...	113,196	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,593	...	...	96,364	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	9,255	...	...	300	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,447	...	...	143,702	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,503	...	...	119,802	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,525	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,738	...	...	53,668	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,584	...	...	48,326	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	15,215	7,350	7,865	225	130	100
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,586	33,077	28,725	40,235	41,536	37,376
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,897	29,557	26,700	34,688	35,456	32,320
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	15,025	7,185	7,845	235	100	130
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,466	38,500	36,519	53,347	51,785	54,549
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,921	32,389	31,492	44,071	42,331	45,409
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	81,395	39,770	41,630	2,225	1,135	1,095
In the bottom half of the distribution	43,860	20,830	23,025	660	330	325
In the bottom decile	10,180	4,860	5,320	100	50	50
In the second decile	7,920	3,525	4,400	100	45	55
In the third decile	8,340	3,985	4,355	140	75	65
In the fourth decile	8,850	4,260	4,590	175	90	90
In the fifth decile	8,565	4,200	4,365	145	75	70
In the top half of the distribution	37,545	18,945	18,600	1,565	800	770
In the sixth decile	8,980	4,535	4,445	235	110	125
In the seventh decile	8,665	4,415	4,245	260	135	125
In the eighth decile	7,965	3,955	4,010	305	155	150
In the ninth decile	6,835	3,455	3,375	375	200	175
In the top decile	5,100	2,575	2,520	385	195	185
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	80,075	39,125	40,950	2,225	1,130	1,090
0 to 17 years	15,585	7,955	7,625	420	215	200
0 to 5 years	5,205	2,675	2,525	115	55	60
18 to 64 years	51,855	25,505	26,350	1,505	760	745
65 years and over	12,640	5,660	6,975	305	160	145
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,520	5,685	6,835	125	65	60
0 to 17 years	3,290	1,705	1,585	25	15	10
0 to 5 years	1,195	615	575	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	7,695	3,470	4,220	85	45	40
65 years and over	1,540	510	1,035	15	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	14.5	16.7	5.6	5.8	5.5
0 to 17 years (%)	21.1	21.4	20.8	6.0	7.0	5.0
0 to 5 years (%)	23.0	23.0	22.8	4.3	9.1	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	14.8	13.6	16.0	5.6	5.9	5.4
65 years and over (%)	12.2	9.0	14.8	4.9	3.1	3.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	7,890	3,820	4,070	65	40	25
0 to 17 years	1,870	970	900	15	5	10
0 to 5 years	680	350	330	0	5	0
18 to 64 years	5,740	2,750	2,990	50	30	20
65 years and over	280	100	180	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.9	9.8	9.9	2.9	3.5	2.3
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0	12.2	11.8	3.6	2.3	5.0
0 to 5 years (%)	13.1	13.1	13.1	0.0	9.1	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.1	10.8	11.3	3.3	3.9	2.7
65 years and over (%)	2.2	1.8	2.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	81,365	39,750	41,620	2,225	1,135	1,095
Official languages	80,730	39,470	41,265	2,225	1,135	1,090
English	80,265	39,225	41,045	2,225	1,130	1,095
French	18,900	8,595	10,310	120	55	65
Non-official languages	7,995	3,965	4,030	200	90	110
Aboriginal languages	315	150	170	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	290	145	140	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	280	145	140	0	0	0
Malecite	200	100	100	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	85	45	40	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	10	15	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,700	3,820	3,875	205	90	115
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,350	700	650	15	15	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,345	695	645	15	10	0
Amharic	55	30	20	0	0	0
Arabic	1,125	580	540	15	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	165	80	85	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	270	140	125	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	265	140	120	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	180	65	115	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	30	15	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	130	50	80	0	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	145	75	70	0	0	0
Kannada	20	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	95	55	40	0	0	0
Telugu	70	30	40	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,835	1,830	2,005	175	65	100
Albanian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Armenian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	650	330	320	25	10	15
Baltic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	640	320	320	30	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Croatian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	90	40	50	20	15	10
Russian	405	220	190	10	0	0
Serbian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	75	20	50	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	20	10	15	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	875	410	470	110	55	55
Afrikaans	10	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	210	75	135	50	35	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	665	330	330	55	20	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	75	35	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,020	530	495	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	685	370	320	10	0	10
Bengali	95	70	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	50	25	25	0	0	0
Hindi	325	170	155	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	165	80	90	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	40	30	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	110	60	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	360	175	180	0	0	0
Kurdish	40	15	25	0	0	0
Pashto	35	20	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	280	140	145	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,270	555	705	55	15	40
Catalan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	140	50	85	15	0	10
Portuguese	105	60	45	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	1,075	475	600	45	10	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	95	35	65	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	430	220	210	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	285	170	110	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	10	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	10	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	45	25	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	30	15	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	70	45	30	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	30	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	115	65	50	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	120	30	90	0	0	0
American Sign Language	60	10	50	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	60	20	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,240	675	560	10	0	0
Chinese languages	1,230	675	560	10	0	0
Cantonese	130	75	55	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,040	590	450	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	10	20	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	65	35	35	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	35	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	35	10	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	50	20	30	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	20	20	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	20	20	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	35	20	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	81,365	39,745	41,615	2,225	1,135	1,095
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	77,065	37,540	39,525	2,180	1,095	1,085
Canadian citizens aged under 18	14,990	7,730	7,260	400	235	165
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	62,080	29,810	32,270	1,775	855	920
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	4,295	2,205	2,090	45	35	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	81,365	39,750	41,615	2,225	1,130	1,095
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	73,300	35,760	37,540	1,990	1,020	970
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	7,100	3,385	3,720	210	95	110
Before 1981	1,730	785	945	130	65	60
1981 to 1990	535	255	275	30	0	25
1991 to 2000	795	375	420	20	10	15
2001 to 2010	1,555	750	805	30	15	15
2001 to 2005	535	230	300	20	0	10
2006 to 2010	1,020	515	500	10	10	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,490	1,220	1,270	0	10	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	960	605	360	25	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	7,100	3,390	3,715	215	100	115
Under 5 years	940	405	540	40	20	20
5 to 14 years	1,525	755	770	50	25	20
15 to 24 years	1,315	555	750	35	20	15
25 to 44 years	2,750	1,330	1,415	80	40	45
45 years and over	575	340	240	10	0	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	7,105	3,385	3,720	210	100	115
Americas	1,085	495	595	35	20	15
Brazil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	35	25	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	65	40	20	0	0	0
Guyana	20	0	15	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	15	10	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	10	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	35	25	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	705	285	420	30	15	15
Other places of birth in Americas	155	70	80	10	10	0
Europe	1,965	885	1,080	145	65	75
Bosnia and Herzegovina	55	25	25	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	10	0	0	0
France	70	35	30	0	0	0
Germany	355	135	220	35	10	20
Greece	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungary	20	0	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Netherlands	165	70	95	40	40	0
Poland	50	25	25	10	0	10
Portugal	25	20	10	10	0	10
Romania	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	40	25	15	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	100	35	60	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	790	375	415	45	10	35
Other places of birth in Europe	200	85	115	0	0	0
Africa	520	295	220	15	0	10
Algeria	15	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	20	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	45	20	20	0	0	0
Kenya	20	10	10	0	0	0
Morocco	20	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	75	35	35	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	310	180	130	0	0	0
Asia	3,480	1,690	1,785	15	10	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	55	35	25	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	765	390	370	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	35	20	10	0	0	10
India	310	145	165	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	240	105	125	0	0	0
Iraq	50	20	30	0	0	0
Japan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	400	215	185	0	0	0
Lebanon	170	90	85	0	0	0
Pakistan	75	35	40	0	0	0
Philippines	155	55	95	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	460	230	230	0	0	0
Taiwan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	235	115	115	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	475	220	260	10	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	55	15	40	0	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,490	1,220	1,270	0	10	0
Americas	145	75	70	0	0	0
Brazil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	60	35	30	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	50	25	30	0	0	0
Europe	220	125	95	0	0	0
France	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	25	20	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	40	15	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	70	40	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	30	30	0	0	0
Africa	230	120	115	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	10	15	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	40	25	20	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	40	15	25	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	125	75	55	0	0	0
Asia	1,885	890	995	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	440	220	220	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	60	20	35	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	140	70	65	0	0	0
Iraq	40	20	25	0	0	0
Israel	45	15	25	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	135	70	60	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nepal	40	15	30	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Philippines	110	50	65	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	445	210	235	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	25	20	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	205	110	100	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	150	55	95	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	81,365	39,745	41,615	2,225	1,130	1,095
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	8,710	4,360	4,350	250	120	130
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	7,040	3,405	3,640	510	260	255
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	65,610	31,985	33,625	1,465	750	710
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	5,405	2,605	2,795	85	35	55
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,345	1,760	1,590	60	20	40
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,150	875	275	30	10	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	2,200	885	1,315	35	20	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	970	320	650	25	15	15
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,075	520	555	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	81,365	39,750	41,615	2,225	1,130	1,095
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,930	1,935	1,995	50	20	30
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,790	1,850	1,945	40	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,915	1,385	1,530	20	10	15
Métis	810	440	365	25	10	10
Inuk (Inuit)	65	25	40	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	60	40	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	80	45	30	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	77,430	37,810	39,625	2,180	1,115	1,065
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	81,365	39,745	41,620	2,225	1,130	1,090
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,465	1,215	1,250	25	0	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	78,900	38,530	40,365	2,200	1,125	1,080
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	81,365	39,750	41,615	2,225	1,130	1,095
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,625	780	845	10	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,600	770	830	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,535	745	795	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	55	25	30	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	25	10	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,030	1,915	2,120	145	55	85
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,920	1,870	2,055	140	55	90
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,995	1,405	1,590	100	45	60
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	800	390	410	40	15	30
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	125	70	55	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	115	45	70	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	25	40	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	10	25	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	75,705	37,055	38,650	2,075	1,075	1,000
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	81,360	39,745	41,615	2,225	1,130	1,095
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	6,460	3,300	3,160	75	55	20
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	985	520	465	35	25	10
Chinese	1,330	695	635	10	10	0
Black	1,230	595	630	0	0	0
Filipino	190	80	110	10	10	0
Latin American	350	195	150	0	0	0
Arab	910	470	440	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	385	195	185	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	315	165	145	0	0	0
Korean	435	225	210	0	10	0
Japanese	35	10	25	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	90	35	55	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	225	120	105	10	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	74,905	36,445	38,455	2,150	1,075	1,075
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	81,360	39,750	41,615	2,225	1,135	1,095
North American Aboriginal origins	5,660	2,695	2,965	150	60	95
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,645	2,185	2,460	110	40	65
Inuit	185	95	85	0	0	0
Métis	960	460	505	40	10	30
Other North American origins	35,985	17,595	18,390	865	490	375
Acadian	1,845	905	940	0	0	0
American	1,095	550	545	100	30	65
Canadian	34,300	16,760	17,540	815	485	330
New Brunswicker	15	10	15	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	100	45	50	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	130	80	50	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	55,655	26,775	28,875	1,845	905	935
British Isles origins	46,315	22,260	24,055	1,420	710	710
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	20	10	10	10	0	0
English	25,280	12,165	13,115	835	415	420
Irish	21,675	10,125	11,550	420	205	215
Manx	20	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	21,650	10,340	11,315	650	335	320
Welsh	2,160	1,010	1,150	105	30	75
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,085	945	1,135	130	60	75
French origins	15,025	7,110	7,915	240	125	115
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	10	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	15,030	7,110	7,915	240	125	115
Western European origins (except French origins)	8,600	4,100	4,495	585	290	300
Austrian	215	115	95	15	10	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	290	115	175	70	20	50
Dutch	2,895	1,300	1,590	240	130	110
Flemish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5,700	2,755	2,945	310	160	145
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	160	90	70	30	15	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,885	830	1,050	285	115	175
Danish	650	270	375	100	35	65
Finnish	75	50	25	10	0	10
Icelandic	55	30	20	15	0	10
Norwegian	645	290	360	130	50	85
Swedish	380	155	225	75	30	40
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	170	85	85	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	2,375	1,155	1,225	290	135	150
Bulgarian	45	15	25	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Czech	90	40	55	15	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Estonian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	200	105	90	20	10	10
Latvian	15	10	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	70	25	45	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	815	390	425	60	35	30
Romanian	70	40	35	10	10	0
Russian	505	250	250	35	15	25
Slovak	85	50	35	10	0	0
Ukrainian	745	365	380	190	85	100
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,450	1,275	1,170	70	45	25
Albanian	70	35	40	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	10	20	20	10	10
Cypriot	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	165	90	75	0	0	0
Italian	1,310	650	650	25	15	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	30	20	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	300	155	150	10	0	0
Serbian	45	35	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Spanish	485	260	220	20	15	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	410	225	190	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	175	90	85	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	220	120	100	0	0	10
Caribbean origins	310	140	165	10	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	35	10	20	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	20	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	25	15	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	120	60	65	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	20	10	10	10	10	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	520	305	215	15	15	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Colombian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	10	10	0
Ecuadorian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	45	20	20	0	0	0
Guyanese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	40	20	25	0	0	0
Maya	70	35	30	0	0	0
Mexican	120	75	50	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	55	35	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	25	20	10	0	0	0
African origins	1,260	630	625	35	15	20
Central and West African origins	220	125	95	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	40	25	15	0	0	0
Edo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	45	35	10	0	0	0
Guinean	25	10	0	0	0	0
Ibo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	60	25	40	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	15	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	155	100	60	15	15	0
Algerian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	50	35	15	10	15	0
Libyan	70	45	25	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	305	150	160	25	0	15
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	65	35	35	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	30	15	20	0	0	0
Rwandan	50	25	25	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	40	20	30	25	10	15
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	600	270	325	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	110	40	70	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	485	230	255	0	0	0
Asian origins	5,585	2,865	2,720	80	50	35
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,985	1,020	965	10	0	10
Afghan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	125	55	70	0	0	0
Armenian	55	25	35	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	310	150	160	0	0	0
Iraqi	60	20	30	0	0	0
Israeli	50	25	25	15	0	15
Jordanian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	665	345	320	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Syrian	520	255	265	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	65	45	20	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	10	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,110	595	520	40	30	10
Bangladeshi	95	55	40	0	0	0
Bengali	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	35	20	15	0	0	0
East Indian	730	375	355	45	30	15
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	150	70	75	0	0	0
Pakistani	80	50	30	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	20	15	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,530	1,280	1,245	30	20	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	1,460	750	710	15	0	0
Filipino	255	110	140	10	10	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	65	30	30	10	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	435	225	205	10	10	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	40	30	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	40	10	35	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	285	150	135	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	90	40	45	0	0	0
Australian	45	20	25	0	0	0
New Zealander	40	20	15	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	35,500	...	...	830	...	...
Owner	22,295	...	...	730	...	...
Renter	12,835	...	...	100	...	...
Band housing	365	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	35,500	...	...	830	...	...
Condominium	1,810	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	33,690	...	...	830	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	35,500	...	...	835	...	...
No bedrooms	95	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,370	...	...	50	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,315	...	...	150	...	...
3 bedrooms	11,995	...	...	325	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,720	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	35,500	...	...	830	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,745	...	...	95	...	...
5 rooms	5,770	...	...	100	...	...
6 rooms	5,325	...	...	120	...	...
7 rooms	4,400	...	...	125	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,270	...	...	390	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	35,500	...	...	830	...	...
One person or fewer per room	35,185	...	...	825	...	...
More than 1 person per room	315	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	35,500	...	...	830	...	...
Suitable	34,465	...	...	800	...	...
Not suitable	1,035	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	35,500	...	...	830	...	...
1960 or before	6,950	...	...	20	...	...
1961 to 1980	10,980	...	...	150	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,505	...	...	185	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,845	...	...	250	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,750	...	...	75	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,075	...	...	105	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,400	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	35,495	...	...	830	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	33,165	...	...	810	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,335	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	35,500	...	...	830	...	...
1 household maintainer	21,040	...	...	370	...	...
2 household maintainers	13,705	...	...	425	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	755	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	35,500	...	...	830	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,385	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,220	...	...	70	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,980	...	...	140	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,380	...	...	170	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,105	...	...	265	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,735	...	...	110	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,715	...	...	50	...	...
85 years and over	965	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	34,860	...	...	810	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	27,790	...	...	695	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,065	...	...	120	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,090	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	22,220	...	...	715	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	61.2	...	...	63.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.8	...	...	12.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	996	...	...	1,489	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,078	...	...	1,646	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,414	...	...	698,680	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	221,413	...	...	763,608	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,830	...	...	100	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.7	...	...	30.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	851	...	...	1,147	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	873	...	...	1,277	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	68,025	32,900	35,125	1,875	925	950
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,350	4,705	4,645	190	105	80
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	19,955	10,430	9,520	625	305	320
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,720	17,765	20,955	1,065	520	550
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,410	2,940	1,465	215	185	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,475	1,350	1,125	65	50	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,935	1,590	345	155	135	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,020	5,135	7,885	395	130	270
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,115	400	715	50	15	35
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	20,180	9,290	10,890	400	185	215
Bachelor's degree	13,495	5,970	7,530	225	105	125
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,010	455	555	20	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	430	230	200	25	15	0
Master's degree	4,195	1,945	2,255	105	50	60
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,050	690	360	25	10	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	43,870	21,385	22,485	1,370	695	675
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,190	1,800	1,390	85	55	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,390	6,250	5,145	415	205	210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	29,285	13,330	15,955	875	435	435
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,995	1,990	1,005	180	155	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,665	895	770	50	50	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,325	1,090	235	130	110	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,780	3,970	5,810	330	110	220
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	760	300	460	50	20	35
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15,755	7,075	8,685	315	150	160
Bachelor's degree	10,525	4,600	5,925	185	80	100
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	785	350	430	15	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	375	185	190	15	10	10
Master's degree	3,320	1,480	1,840	85	50	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	745	455	290	0	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	68,020	32,900	35,125	1,875	925	950
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	29,305	15,135	14,165	810	405	405
Education	3,510	910	2,600	70	25	45
13. Education	3,510	910	2,600	70	30	45
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,040	485	555	30	10	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	175	140	35	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	870	350	520	30	0	30
Humanities	2,775	1,145	1,630	95	25	65
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	205	65	140	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	730	225	505	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	685	235	450	25	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	170	85	85	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	300	195	105	15	0	10
54. History	535	310	220	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	130	20	115	20	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,710	1,585	3,120	130	40	90
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	10	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	385	170	210	20	15	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	580	35	550	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	815	300	515	30	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	75	30	50	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,085	275	805	15	0	15
45. Social sciences	1,720	780	945	35	15	25
Business, management and public administration	7,675	2,555	5,120	155	55	105
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	685	140	540	15	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,975	2,410	4,565	135	50	85
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,595	840	760	45	15	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	695	330	360	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	325	125	195	0	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	10	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	495	350	145	25	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	20	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,080	1,370	710	25	20	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,815	1,250	565	20	20	0
25. Library science	140	25	110	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	120	95	30	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,690	6,120	570	260	250	15
04. Architecture and related services	100	80	20	0	10	0
14. Engineering	2,080	1,775	310	15	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,310	1,160	155	55	45	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,380	1,360	25	80	80	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,415	1,360	50	50	45	0
48. Precision production	410	390	15	55	55	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	685	505	175	15	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	220	140	80	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	460	365	90	10	0	10
Health and related fields	5,535	935	4,600	200	45	155
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	550	225	330	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,835	625	4,210	195	40	155
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	150	90	60	0	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,415	1,295	1,120	45	25	25
12. Personal and culinary services	1,305	335	970	25	0	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	70	65	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	115	110	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	550	440	105	10	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	375	355	25	10	10	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	43,870	21,385	22,485	1,375	700	675
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	14,585	8,055	6,530	500	260	240
Education	2,410	595	1,815	45	15	30
13. Education	2,410	595	1,815	50	20	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	795	370	425	30	10	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	125	95	25	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	670	270	400	30	0	30
Humanities	1,985	790	1,200	65	30	35
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	180	55	125	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	490	135	355	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	510	180	335	25	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	140	75	65	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	200	125	70	20	0	10
54. History	365	205	155	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	85	10	75	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,665	1,155	2,515	105	30	80
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	295	135	160	15	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	445	20	425	25	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	660	205	450	35	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	15	35	0	0	0
42. Psychology	845	200	645	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,345	575	775	35	15	25
Business, management and public administration	5,915	1,985	3,930	135	50	85
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	550	105	450	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,350	1,880	3,470	120	50	65
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,170	585	585	35	10	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	515	225	290	10	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	220	90	130	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	10	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	355	240	115	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	20	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,790	1,200	590	20	20	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,615	1,110	505	20	25	0
25. Library science	90	25	65	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	90	70	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,945	4,465	480	225	210	15
04. Architecture and related services	80	65	15	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,595	1,335	265	15	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,010	875	135	60	45	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,010	990	15	70	75	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	985	940	40	35	35	0
48. Precision production	270	260	10	35	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	530	380	150	15	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	180	110	70	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	355	270	85	10	0	10
Health and related fields	4,195	775	3,425	150	35	120
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	400	170	230	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,670	545	3,125	150	35	120
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	125	65	60	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,870	1,025	845	40	20	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,015	285	730	20	10	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	60	55	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	85	80	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	420	335	80	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	290	275	15	10	0	0
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	68,025	32,900	35,120	1,875	925	950
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	29,300	15,140	14,165	815	410	405
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	38,720	17,765	20,955	1,070	520	550
Location of study inside Canada	35,385	16,100	19,290	965	470	495
Same as province or territory of residence	25,685	11,575	14,115	730	360	370
Different than province or territory of residence	9,705	4,525	5,175	230	110	120
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,335	1,670	1,660	100	45	50
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	810	430	385	35	20	15
Philippines	95	30	65	0	0	0
India	180	90	85	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	430	255	175	20	10	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	380	190	195	0	0	0
France	60	30	25	0	0	0
Other	1,380	645	735	40	25	15
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	43,870	21,385	22,485	1,370	695	675
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,580	8,055	6,530	495	260	235
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	29,285	13,330	15,955	875	440	440
Location of study inside Canada	26,715	12,100	14,615	820	410	405
Same as province or territory of residence	19,070	8,550	10,520	630	325	305
Different than province or territory of residence	7,645	3,555	4,095	195	90	100
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,570	1,225	1,340	55	25	30
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	480	235	250	15	10	10
Philippines	90	30	60	0	0	0
India	110	55	55	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	230	125	100	15	0	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	365	175	190	0	0	0
France	65	35	30	0	0	0
Other	1,225	575	650	15	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	68,020	32,905	35,120	1,875	925	950
In the labour force	44,745	22,880	21,860	1,380	725	655
Employed	40,930	20,660	20,270	1,320	690	630
Unemployed	3,815	2,225	1,590	60	30	30
Not in the labour force	23,280	10,015	13,260	500	200	290
Participation rate	65.8	69.5	62.2	73.6	78.4	68.9
Employment rate	60.2	62.8	57.7	70.4	74.6	66.3
Unemployment rate	8.5	9.7	7.3	4.3	4.1	4.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	68,020	32,900	35,120	1,875	925	950
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	21,380	9,080	12,300	410	160	250
Worked	46,640	23,820	22,820	1,465	765	700
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	25,275	13,735	11,540	735	435	300
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	21,370	10,090	11,280	730	330	395
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.1	42.9	43.1	44.3	41.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	44,745	22,885	21,865	1,380	720	655
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	910	405	505	15	10	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	43,835	22,480	21,355	1,360	715	645
Employee	40,630	20,705	19,930	1,135	545	585
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,205	1,770	1,435	230	175	55
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	44,745	22,885	21,865	1,380	720	660
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	910	405	505	15	10	15
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	43,835	22,480	21,360	1,365	715	645
0 Management occupations	4,625	2,725	1,900	200	125	70
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,520	1,975	4,545	250	55	190
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,825	3,035	790	85	50	30
3 Health occupations	3,115	600	2,515	120	30	95
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	8,615	4,285	4,325	135	55	85
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,235	590	640	30	20	10
6 Sales and service occupations	10,735	4,470	6,265	225	85	140
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,050	3,885	160	250	240	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	685	550	135	40	25	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	440	370	70	30	25	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	44,745	22,885	21,865	1,380	725	655
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	910	405	505	15	10	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	43,835	22,480	21,360	1,365	715	645
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	440	290	155	25	15	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	140	130	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	580	400	180	0	0	0
23 Construction	1,975	1,795	175	145	140	0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,075	785	290	95	80	10
41 Wholesale trade	960	760	205	45	30	15
44-45 Retail trade	5,320	2,380	2,940	175	95	75
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,305	985	320	65	40	20
51 Information and cultural industries	1,080	625	450	15	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,085	400	680	45	10	40
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	635	390	245	35	20	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,980	1,790	1,185	80	30	55
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	30	15	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,950	1,065	885	35	20	20
61 Educational services	4,280	1,585	2,695	80	30	45
62 Health care and social assistance	5,030	850	4,175	200	55	145
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	680	385	300	35	20	10
72 Accommodation and food services	3,365	1,310	2,050	75	40	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,790	735	1,060	55	15	40
91 Public administration	9,115	5,785	3,335	160	85	75
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	40,930	20,660	20,270	1,320	690	630
Worked at home	2,145	940	1,205	100	60	40
Worked outside Canada	200	145	55	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	3,385	2,450	935	210	165	45
Worked at usual place	35,195	17,120	18,075	995	455	540
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	35,200	17,120	18,075	1,000	455	540
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	23,165	10,925	12,240	30	15	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,980	3,235	2,745	955	435	520
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,515	2,605	2,915	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	540	360	180	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	38,585	19,570	19,010	1,205	620	590
Car, truck, van - as a driver	30,725	16,085	14,635	1,075	550	530
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,000	1,045	1,950	35	20	10
Public transit	1,175	575	600	20	0	20
Walked	2,805	1,340	1,465	20	10	15
Bicycle	460	290	170	30	15	15
Other method	425	235	190	25	15	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	38,580	19,575	19,010	1,210	615	590
Less than 15 minutes	19,275	9,695	9,580	175	90	90
15 to 29 minutes	14,850	7,415	7,435	390	165	225
30 to 44 minutes	2,840	1,475	1,370	380	255	125
45 to 59 minutes	745	405	340	190	80	105
60 minutes and over	880	585	290	70	30	45
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	38,580	19,575	19,010	1,205	620	590
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,215	755	460	80	45	35
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,820	2,855	1,965	275	170	105
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	14,565	7,725	6,835	340	185	155
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	9,350	4,240	5,115	260	110	150
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,625	1,550	2,070	130	45	85
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,010	2,440	2,565	125	65	60
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	47,820	24,385	23,435	1,490	775	720
Single responses	46,825	23,970	22,855	1,485	775	715
Official languages	46,595	23,835	22,760	1,490	775	715
English	45,565	23,515	22,050	1,485	770	715
French	1,030	315	710	0	10	0
Non-official languages	230	135	95	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	225	135	90	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	20	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	15	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	65	60	0	0	0
Chinese languages	125	65	60	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	50	55	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	995	410	585	0	0	0
English and French	900	380	520	0	0	0
English and non-official language	95	35	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	47,820	24,385	23,435	1,485	770	715
None	41,295	21,415	19,885	1,470	760	710
English	790	320	470	0	10	0
French	5,335	2,420	2,915	0	0	0
Non-official language	370	220	150	10	10	10
Aboriginal	35	15	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	335	210	130	10	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	80,450	39,265	41,180	2,200	1,125	1,075
Non-movers	65,940	32,135	33,805	1,945	990	955
Movers	14,510	7,135	7,380	260	140	120
Non-migrants	7,860	3,870	3,990	145	70	75
Migrants	6,650	3,260	3,390	115	70	45
Internal migrants	5,445	2,635	2,810	115	70	45
Intraprovincial migrants	3,010	1,390	1,615	70	35	30
Interprovincial migrants	2,435	1,245	1,190	45	35	15
External migrants	1,205	620	585	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	76,905	37,450	39,460	2,125	1,070	1,055
Non-movers	43,280	20,915	22,365	1,555	780	780
Movers	33,630	16,535	17,095	570	290	275
Non-migrants	15,855	7,660	8,195	305	150	160
Migrants	17,770	8,870	8,900	260	140	120
Internal migrants	14,800	7,315	7,485	235	130	105
Intraprovincial migrants	7,770	3,635	4,140	125	75	50
Interprovincial migrants	7,030	3,685	3,345	105	55	55
External migrants	2,970	1,555	1,415	25	15	15

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Fredericton [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Highlands, DM [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 19, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fredericton [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Highlands, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Fredericton [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Highlands, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fredericton [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Highlands, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia