Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Maurice--Champlain [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Springfield, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint-Maurice--Champlain Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Springfield, RM Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Saint-Maurice--Champlain [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Saint-Maurice--Champlain [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Springfield, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	110,264	...	...	15,342	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	110,268 ^r	...	...	14,069	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.0	...	...	9.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	59,084	...	...	5,667	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	51,177	...	...	5,459	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.2	...	...	13.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	34,573.41	...	...	1,100.92	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	110,260	54,955	55,305	15,340	7,825	7,515
0 to 14 years	15,355	7,970	7,385	2,895	1,520	1,370
0 to 4 years	5,110	2,620	2,490	910	475	440
5 to 9 years	5,345	2,800	2,545	965	505	455
10 to 14 years	4,900	2,550	2,350	1,020	540	475
15 to 64 years	68,485	34,705	33,780	10,320	5,195	5,120
15 to 19 years	5,165	2,645	2,525	1,020	535	485
20 to 24 years	5,345	2,790	2,550	875	445	425
25 to 29 years	5,050	2,595	2,455	685	365	325
30 to 34 years	5,565	2,805	2,755	790	380	410
35 to 39 years	6,070	3,100	2,970	1,005	490	510
40 to 44 years	5,455	2,770	2,690	1,030	530	500
45 to 49 years	6,030	3,035	3,000	1,125	555	570
50 to 54 years	8,835	4,400	4,435	1,405	700	705
55 to 59 years	10,835	5,400	5,435	1,280	640	645
60 to 64 years	10,135	5,165	4,975	1,100	555	540
65 years and over	26,425	12,285	14,140	2,135	1,110	1,020
65 to 69 years	8,620	4,400	4,220	855	445	410
70 to 74 years	6,570	3,280	3,290	580	310	270
75 to 79 years	4,340	1,995	2,345	345	205	140
80 to 84 years	3,325	1,410	1,910	215	90	125
85 years and over	3,570	1,200	2,375	140	65	80
85 to 89 years	2,230	825	1,405	105	55	50
90 to 94 years	1,100	320	775	30	10	20
95 to 99 years	200	50	155	5	0	0
100 years and over	40	0	35	0	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.9	14.5	13.4	18.9	19.4	18.2
15 to 64 years	62.1	63.2	61.1	67.3	66.4	68.1
65 years and over	24.0	22.4	25.6	13.9	14.2	13.6
85 years and over	3.2	2.2	4.3	0.9	0.8	1.1
Average age of the population	46.2	45.2	47.2	39.9	39.7	40.1
Median age of the population	50.7	49.6	51.7	42.1	41.8	42.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	51,175	...	...	5,460	...	...
Single-detached house	32,515	...	...	5,130	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	10	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	18,290	...	...	235	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,500	...	...	105	...	...
Row house	340	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	4,225	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	11,685	...	...	110	...	...
Other single-attached house	545	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	360	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	51,175	...	...	5,460	...	...
1 person	18,460	...	...	840	...	...
2 persons	19,910	...	...	2,120	...	...
3 persons	6,085	...	...	930	...	...
4 persons	4,465	...	...	1,040	...	...
5 or more persons	2,260	...	...	530	...	...
Number of persons in private households	107,035	...	...	15,030	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	94,915	46,990	47,925	12,450	6,310	6,140
Married or living common law	54,550	27,265	27,280	8,725	4,360	4,370
Married	29,890	14,945	14,945	7,700	3,850	3,850
Living common law	24,655	12,315	12,340	1,030	510	515
Not married and not living common law	40,365	19,725	20,640	3,725	1,945	1,775
Never married	25,125	14,205	10,920	2,695	1,555	1,140
Separated	1,135	565	565	205	100	105
Divorced	7,235	3,300	3,935	380	180	200
Widowed	6,875	1,650	5,225	445	115	335
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	31,760	...	...	4,645	...	...
2 persons	19,710	...	...	2,250	...	...
3 persons	5,900	...	...	935	...	...
4 persons	4,315	...	...	1,020	...	...
5 or more persons	1,825	...	...	435	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	31,755	...	...	4,645	...	...
Total couple families	26,765	...	...	4,295	...	...
Married couples	14,460	...	...	3,785	...	...
Common-law couples	12,305	...	...	515	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,990	...	...	350	...	...
Female parent	3,565	...	...	250	...	...
Male parent	1,425	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	26,770	...	...	4,295	...	...
Couples without children	16,560	...	...	2,045	...	...
Couples with children	10,210	...	...	2,250	...	...
1 child	4,490	...	...	820	...	...
2 children	3,990	...	...	990	...	...
3 or more children	1,725	...	...	440	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,990	...	...	350	...	...
1 child	3,155	...	...	205	...	...
2 children	1,405	...	...	115	...	...
3 or more children	430	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	22,770	11,580	11,190	1,220	695	525
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	51,180	...	...	5,460	...	...
One-census-family households	31,000	...	...	4,460	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	16,320	...	...	1,965	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	14,680	...	...	2,495	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	370	...	...	90	...	...
Non-census-family households	19,810	...	...	910	...	...
One-person households	18,455	...	...	835	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,350	...	...	70	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	108,375	54,285	54,095	15,265	7,805	7,460
English only	145	80	60	13,800	7,155	6,640
French only	84,385	40,715	43,670	0	0	0
English and French	23,520	13,295	10,225	1,400	630	770
Neither English nor French	330	195	140	65	25	40
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	108,380	54,280	54,095	15,265	7,805	7,460
English	1,115	565	550	14,825	7,580	7,240
French	106,575	53,330	53,250	370	195	170
English and French	365	205	155	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	325	185	140	65	20	40
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,295	665	630	375	200	175
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.2	1.2	1.2	2.5	2.6	2.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	108,380	54,280	54,100	15,260	7,805	7,460
Single responses	107,760	53,950	53,810	15,110	7,730	7,385
Official languages	103,535	51,740	51,790	13,660	6,965	6,695
English	1,025	520	505	13,250	6,750	6,500
French	102,505	51,220	51,285	410	215	190
Non-official languages	4,225	2,210	2,015	1,455	765	690
Aboriginal languages	3,460	1,805	1,655	10	0	5
Algonquian languages	3,450	1,795	1,650	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	3,445	1,795	1,650	0	5	0
Atikamekw	3,425	1,785	1,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	10	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	765	405	365	1,445	760	680
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	60	40	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	100	60	40	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	100	60	40	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	20	5	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	15	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	5	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	485	250	235	1,390	735	655
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	20	395	220	175
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	400	215	175
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	20	10	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Polish	5	0	0	70	40	30
Russian	15	5	5	120	60	65
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	145	80	65
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	130	65	65	880	455	425
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	5
Danish	0	0	5	5	5	0
Dutch	10	5	10	65	40	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	115	60	55	795	410	380
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	30	15	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	15	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	270	135	140	95	50	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	20	20	15	10	10
Portuguese	20	10	5	50	30	25
Romanian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Spanish	210	105	110	20	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	35	35	15	5	5
Chinese languages	70	35	35	20	10	5
Cantonese	5	5	5	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	20	20	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	5	0
Lao	5	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	5	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	620	335	290	150	80	70
English and French	470	250	215	40	25	15
English and non-official language	15	5	10	105	50	55
French and non-official language	115	60	60	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	20	15	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	108,380	54,285	54,095	15,265	7,805	7,460
Single responses	107,640	53,900	53,735	15,035	7,685	7,350
Official languages	104,160	52,045	52,110	14,580	7,450	7,135
English	670	340	330	14,505	7,415	7,095
French	103,490	51,710	51,780	75	35	40
Non-official languages	3,480	1,855	1,630	450	230	215
Aboriginal languages	3,185	1,690	1,495	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	3,180	1,685	1,495	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	3,175	1,685	1,495	0	0	0
Atikamekw	3,170	1,680	1,490	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	290	160	130	445	230	220
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	5	0	0	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	0	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	175	95	75	440	225	210
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	85	40	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	90	45	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	5	5	5	60	35	30
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	310	160	150
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	15	305	155	150
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	10	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	5	10	0	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	75	50	25	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	110	70	40	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	35	25	5	5	0
Chinese languages	65	35	30	5	5	5
Cantonese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	25	15	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	740	380	360	230	120	110
English and French	405	225	180	25	10	10
English and non-official language	15	10	0	205	110	90
French and non-official language	290	135	155	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	15	15	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	108,380	54,280	54,100	15,265	7,805	7,460
None	102,780	51,330	51,450	14,485	7,435	7,045
English	3,015	1,650	1,365	170	90	85
French	1,910	980	925	250	105	145
Non-official language	545	265	285	340	170	170
Aboriginal	220	105	115	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	325	160	170	340	170	170
English and French	25	15	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	85	40	45	5	5	0
French and non-official language	15	5	5	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	91,715	45,805	45,905	12,215	6,220	6,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	89,075	44,670	44,410	11,705	5,980	5,725
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,004	34,970	23,599	44,239	54,037	36,081
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	89,130	44,670	44,460	11,710	5,980	5,725
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,436	31,054	22,186	37,871	45,110	31,352
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,305	39,180	36,120	11,190	5,800	5,390
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,933	31,186	20,689	41,155	51,351	32,780
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,900	35,510	37,390	7,340	3,175	4,160
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,022	8,768	9,431	4,764	6,200	4,336
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	56,750	30,515	26,235	9,520	5,030	4,490
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,672	30,022	23,712	42,220	52,416	34,440
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	91,720	45,770	45,945	12,215	6,180	6,035
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	89,145	44,605	44,535	11,680	5,950	5,730
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,378	40,997	29,749	54,127	64,532	43,322
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	89,185	44,605	44,575	11,690	5,950	5,735
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,177	34,387	25,964	43,004	50,237	35,494
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,325	38,990	36,335	11,160	5,780	5,380
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,554	38,454	26,224	51,921	62,218	40,851
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,920	35,450	37,470	7,280	3,095	4,185
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,622	9,297	9,929	7,230	7,797	6,809
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,755	30,320	26,435	9,520	5,010	4,510
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,904	36,865	28,361	51,599	60,632	41,555
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	91,715	45,775	45,945	12,215	6,180	6,035
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	23,085	12,725	10,355	5,100	2,970	2,130
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,876	46,527	37,804	62,766	69,264	52,855
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	48,057	53,482	41,390	70,064	78,112	58,850
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	77.7	81.8	72.0	91.7	93.8	88.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	59.1	60.8	56.8	76.5	77.9	74.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	22.3	18.2	28.0	8.3	6.2	11.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	91,720	45,810	45,905	12,215	6,220	6,000
Without total income	2,645	1,140	1,500	510	240	275
With total income	89,075	44,665	44,405	11,705	5,980	5,725
Percentage with total income	97.1	97.5	96.7	95.8	96.1	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,950	4,465	6,485	1,300	525	775
$10,000 to $19,999	19,605	7,610	11,995	1,415	515	900
$20,000 to $29,999	15,235	6,890	8,350	1,275	540	740
$30,000 to $39,999	13,065	6,855	6,205	1,270	530	745
$40,000 to $49,999	11,050	6,330	4,725	1,335	630	705
$50,000 to $59,999	6,805	4,140	2,670	1,130	640	490
$60,000 to $69,999	4,050	2,510	1,535	890	535	355
$70,000 to $79,999	3,115	1,940	1,170	785	480	305
$80,000 to $89,999	1,770	1,215	555	680	415	265
$90,000 to $99,999	1,090	855	235	420	270	150
$100,000 and over	2,345	1,860	485	1,200	905	295
$100,000 to $149,999	1,725	1,375	350	895	665	230
$150,000 and over	615	485	130	305	240	65
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	91,720	45,810	45,905	12,215	6,220	6,000
Without after-tax income	2,590	1,140	1,450	505	235	270
With after-tax income	89,130	44,670	44,460	11,710	5,980	5,730
Percentage with after-tax income	97.2	97.5	96.9	95.9	96.1	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,595	4,550	7,045	1,380	540	840
$10,000 to $19,999	20,405	8,010	12,395	1,565	575	990
$20,000 to $29,999	18,665	8,800	9,855	1,590	670	920
$30,000 to $39,999	16,175	9,025	7,150	1,700	760	945
$40,000 to $49,999	10,235	6,195	4,040	1,555	850	705
$50,000 to $59,999	5,540	3,425	2,110	1,270	795	475
$60,000 to $69,999	3,090	2,005	1,090	1,000	610	390
$70,000 to $79,999	1,480	1,150	330	645	430	215
$80,000 and over	1,945	1,505	445	995	750	245
$80,000 to $89,999	725	550	170	395	285	105
$90,000 to $99,999	405	325	80	225	165	55
$100,000 and over	820	625	195	385	300	85
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	91,715	45,810	45,910	12,215	6,215	6,000
Without employment income	34,965	15,290	19,670	2,695	1,185	1,510
With employment income	56,755	30,515	26,240	9,520	5,030	4,490
Percentage with employment income	61.9	66.6	57.2	77.9	80.9	74.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,800	4,985	3,815	1,130	610	525
$5,000 to $9,999	4,655	2,110	2,545	620	260	355
$10,000 to $19,999	9,150	4,105	5,045	1,035	435	605
$20,000 to $29,999	8,370	4,055	4,320	890	355	535
$30,000 to $39,999	7,775	4,000	3,780	880	345	540
$40,000 to $49,999	5,670	3,105	2,565	885	410	480
$50,000 to $59,999	3,870	2,320	1,550	835	455	380
$60,000 to $69,999	2,585	1,570	1,020	715	425	290
$70,000 to $79,999	2,285	1,430	855	650	400	250
$80,000 and over	3,590	2,845	745	1,880	1,340	535
$80,000 to $89,999	1,200	895	305	545	340	200
$90,000 to $99,999	835	670	165	355	240	120
$100,000 and over	1,555	1,285	270	975	760	215
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	51,175	...	...	5,460	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	49,752	...	...	99,716	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	44,778	...	...	82,606	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	18,455	...	...	835	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,634	...	...	46,635	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,457	...	...	37,920	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	32,720	...	...	4,620	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,391	...	...	110,261	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,344	...	...	90,927	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	51,175	...	...	5,460	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,625	...	...	115,817	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,588	...	...	92,083	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	18,380	...	...	830	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,191	...	...	56,121	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,486	...	...	45,043	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	32,795	...	...	4,630	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,557	...	...	126,514	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,093	...	...	100,513	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	51,180	...	...	5,455	...	...
Under $5,000	435	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,045	...	...	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,425	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,770	...	...	70	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,330	...	...	105	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,575	...	...	95	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,450	...	...	150	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,000	...	...	110	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,940	...	...	135	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,755	...	...	160	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,815	...	...	330	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,015	...	...	340	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,370	...	...	370	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,865	...	...	385	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,235	...	...	380	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,155	...	...	2,710	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,770	...	...	820	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,055	...	...	630	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,580	...	...	785	...	...
$200,000 and over	755	...	...	480	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	51,175	...	...	5,460	...	...
Under $5,000	475	...	...	55	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,055	...	...	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,430	...	...	50	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,950	...	...	80	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,735	...	...	110	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,100	...	...	135	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,995	...	...	170	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,700	...	...	150	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,300	...	...	205	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,205	...	...	180	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,410	...	...	465	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,375	...	...	480	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,395	...	...	500	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,540	...	...	460	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,830	...	...	450	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,680	...	...	1,945	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,735	...	...	865	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,075	...	...	545	...	...
$150,000 and over	875	...	...	530	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	31,790	...	...	4,580	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,633	...	...	110,194	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	59,520	...	...	90,814	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	16,075	...	...	1,925	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,706	...	...	91,961	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,464	...	...	76,339	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	10,260	...	...	2,265	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,147	...	...	131,456	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	81,785	...	...	106,722	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,755	...	...	305	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,463	...	...	71,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,201	...	...	60,544	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	31,895	...	...	4,585	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,716	...	...	126,368	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,178	...	...	100,339	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	16,155	...	...	1,940	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,418	...	...	100,456	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,071	...	...	81,377	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	10,215	...	...	2,240	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,580	...	...	154,792	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,878	...	...	120,964	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,790	...	...	305	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,513	...	...	80,265	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,219	...	...	67,405	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	20,970	10,715	10,255	990	575	410
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,893	27,430	21,951	44,595	48,960	37,792
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	22,906	25,265	21,415	36,992	40,288	32,832
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	20,850	10,550	10,300	985	540	440
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,372	35,581	29,084	54,096	58,350	48,917
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,843	29,816	25,820	43,633	46,433	40,223
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	107,040	53,765	53,275	15,030	7,700	7,330
In the bottom half of the distribution	71,530	35,240	36,290	5,325	2,690	2,635
In the bottom decile	11,480	5,670	5,815	605	315	290
In the second decile	15,830	7,215	8,620	715	340	380
In the third decile	15,490	7,650	7,835	1,015	520	500
In the fourth decile	15,175	7,725	7,450	1,390	695	690
In the fifth decile	13,555	6,980	6,575	1,595	820	775
In the top half of the distribution	35,510	18,525	16,985	9,710	5,010	4,695
In the sixth decile	11,520	5,955	5,570	1,685	880	800
In the seventh decile	9,280	4,830	4,450	2,000	1,035	965
In the eighth decile	7,220	3,755	3,465	2,195	1,135	1,065
In the ninth decile	4,740	2,525	2,215	2,195	1,135	1,060
In the top decile	2,745	1,465	1,280	1,635	825	810
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	103,855	52,080	51,775	15,030	7,700	7,330
0 to 17 years	17,035	8,815	8,225	3,435	1,800	1,640
0 to 5 years	5,685	2,910	2,775	1,085	565	520
18 to 64 years	63,065	31,865	31,200	9,570	4,830	4,745
65 years and over	23,755	11,400	12,355	2,025	1,075	950
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	18,690	8,745	9,945	920	455	470
0 to 17 years	2,890	1,520	1,365	275	125	150
0 to 5 years	975	485	490	80	35	45
18 to 64 years	9,995	4,940	5,050	475	250	230
65 years and over	5,810	2,285	3,525	170	80	90
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.0	16.8	19.2	6.1	5.9	6.4
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.2	16.6	8.0	6.9	9.1
0 to 5 years (%)	17.2	16.7	17.7	7.4	6.2	8.7
18 to 64 years (%)	15.8	15.5	16.2	5.0	5.2	4.8
65 years and over (%)	24.5	20.0	28.5	8.4	7.4	9.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	7,195	3,710	3,485	375	195	180
0 to 17 years	1,030	525	505	110	50	55
0 to 5 years	365	170	200	20	15	10
18 to 64 years	5,660	3,000	2,660	240	135	110
65 years and over	500	185	315	25	15	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.9	7.1	6.7	2.5	2.5	2.5
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	6.0	6.1	3.2	2.8	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	6.4	5.8	7.2	1.8	2.7	1.9
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	9.4	8.5	2.5	2.8	2.3
65 years and over (%)	2.1	1.6	2.5	1.2	1.4	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	107,035	53,770	53,270	15,030	7,700	7,330
Official languages	106,725	53,595	53,135	14,995	7,685	7,305
English	23,570	13,265	10,305	14,995	7,685	7,305
French	106,580	53,530	53,050	1,395	615	780
Non-official languages	6,000	3,035	2,965	1,560	770	785
Aboriginal languages	3,675	1,890	1,785	10	10	10
Algonquian languages	3,660	1,885	1,775	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	3,660	1,880	1,775	10	0	0
Atikamekw	3,615	1,865	1,755	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	45	25	20	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	20	0	15	10	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,340	1,150	1,190	1,550	770	780
Afro-Asiatic languages	180	100	80	15	10	10
Berber languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	160	95	70	20	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	160	95	65	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	20	45	15	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	0	15	50	15	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,845	900	945	1,445	730	705
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	355	170	180
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	355	170	180
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	70	25	45
Russian	10	10	10	120	60	60
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	10	175	95	80
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	225	105	120	885	460	420
Afrikaans	10	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0	120	70	50
Frisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
German	190	90	100	755	385	370
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Greek	40	30	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	15	0	55	30	30
Indo-Aryan languages	15	15	0	40	20	20
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	10	0	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,590	760	830	265	145	120
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	90	55	40	10	10	0
Portuguese	60	30	30	65	25	40
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,500	705	790	185	105	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	15	0	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	50	40	10	0	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	10	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	10	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	60	20	45	15	0	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	30	0	25	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	55	40	15	10	0
Chinese languages	100	55	40	10	10	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	85	50	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0	10	0
Lao	0	0	0	10	10	10
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	10	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	107,035	53,770	53,270	15,035	7,700	7,335
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	106,360	53,400	52,955	14,635	7,490	7,140
Canadian citizens aged under 18	18,290	9,530	8,760	3,390	1,815	1,575
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	88,065	43,870	44,195	11,245	5,680	5,565
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	680	370	315	395	205	190
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	107,035	53,765	53,270	15,030	7,700	7,330
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	105,310	52,915	52,395	13,970	7,145	6,825
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,545	750	795	1,035	540	495
Before 1981	390	195	190	495	255	240
1981 to 1990	165	85	75	120	65	55
1991 to 2000	210	75	130	105	55	50
2001 to 2010	495	225	270	240	130	110
2001 to 2005	200	65	130	80	40	40
2006 to 2010	295	150	145	160	90	65
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	295	165	130	75	35	40
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	185	105	80	30	15	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,540	745	795	1,035	540	490
Under 5 years	285	115	165	175	85	95
5 to 14 years	200	80	120	255	155	100
15 to 24 years	245	110	140	255	125	135
25 to 44 years	740	415	315	260	130	135
45 years and over	75	25	50	80	50	35
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,545	750	795	1,030	540	495
Americas	395	165	230	285	160	120
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	25	0	25	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	70	30	45	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mexico	35	10	25	15	15	10
Peru	20	0	20	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	10	0	0	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	125	70	60	90	40	50
Other places of birth in Americas	100	45	50	160	100	60
Europe	645	335	310	605	295	310
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	10
France	330	175	155	10	0	0
Germany	25	10	20	170	90	80
Greece	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italy	20	15	10	0	0	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	70	50	20
Poland	0	10	0	25	10	20
Portugal	15	10	10	30	15	15
Romania	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	10	40	20	25
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	10	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	200	95	100
Other places of birth in Europe	185	90	95	40	15	25
Africa	260	165	90	35	20	15
Algeria	60	35	25	10	0	10
Egypt	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	65	45	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	130	85	45	20	10	15
Asia	245	80	165	110	55	55
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	125	35	90	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	10	0	10	0	10
Philippines	20	0	20	35	15	25
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	35	15	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	10	35	20	15
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	295	160	135	75	40	40
Americas	40	10	25	25	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	10	10	10
Europe	135	80	55	20	10	10
France	95	60	30	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	15	15	0	0	0
Africa	80	60	20	20	10	10
Algeria	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Morocco	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	20	10	10	0	10
Asia	45	10	35	15	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	107,035	53,770	53,270	15,030	7,705	7,330
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,810	895	920	1,120	590	535
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,010	980	1,035	2,470	1,235	1,235
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	103,215	51,895	51,315	11,440	5,870	5,565
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,200	570	625	565	305	260
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	585	330	255	330	180	150
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	290	215	75	120	100	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	285	110	175	205	75	130
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	525	190	330	195	95	100
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	80	45	40	40	25	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	107,040	53,770	53,275	15,035	7,705	7,330
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	5,750	2,905	2,845	1,410	725	690
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	5,650	2,855	2,790	1,400	725	680
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	4,505	2,285	2,220	235	90	140
Métis	1,135	575	560	1,155	625	535
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	35	20	10	10	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	75	30	45	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	101,285	50,860	50,430	13,620	6,975	6,645
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	107,035	53,765	53,275	15,030	7,700	7,330
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	4,260	2,180	2,080	175	55	115
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	102,775	51,590	51,190	14,860	7,645	7,210
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	107,035	53,765	53,270	15,035	7,700	7,330
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	4,745	2,415	2,325	105	50	55
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	4,690	2,395	2,295	100	50	55
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	4,465	2,290	2,175	45	20	25
Métis single ancestry	215	105	110	55	30	25
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	55	25	30	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	55	25	25	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,945	1,430	1,520	1,400	695	705
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,895	1,400	1,490	1,350	665	680
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,465	1,165	1,295	365	165	200
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	395	215	180	960	490	470
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	15	20	25	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	55	25	25	50	30	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	30	25	50	30	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	99,350	49,920	49,430	13,530	6,960	6,570
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	107,035	53,765	53,270	15,030	7,700	7,330
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,150	510	640	360	185	175
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	30	20	10	55	20	35
Chinese	165	55	115	35	20	15
Black	445	205	240	115	80	35
Filipino	50	20	30	95	30	65
Latin American	195	80	120	15	10	0
Arab	115	80	40	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	80	15	65	25	10	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	0	10	15	10	10
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	10	0	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	105,890	53,260	52,630	14,670	7,510	7,155
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	107,035	53,765	53,270	15,035	7,700	7,330
North American Aboriginal origins	7,690	3,845	3,845	1,505	745	760
First Nations (North American Indian)	7,030	3,505	3,525	470	215	250
Inuit	50	15	35	20	10	15
Métis	710	375	335	1,075	550	525
Other North American origins	85,750	43,005	42,740	3,615	1,915	1,705
Acadian	380	210	165	0	0	0
American	370	175	190	135	80	50
Canadian	83,195	41,610	41,585	3,540	1,865	1,675
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Québécois	2,560	1,370	1,190	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	29,250	14,875	14,375	13,270	6,740	6,530
British Isles origins	5,595	2,665	2,925	6,655	3,305	3,350
Channel Islander	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,210	655	560	3,995	1,945	2,050
Irish	3,630	1,665	1,960	2,300	1,065	1,225
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,305	600	705	3,235	1,620	1,615
Welsh	25	10	15	220	85	135
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	30	20	10	255	150	105
French origins	23,700	12,160	11,540	2,275	1,115	1,160
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	170	75	100	0	0	0
Corsican	10	0	0	0	0	0
French	23,550	12,095	11,455	2,280	1,120	1,160
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,465	725	740	5,705	3,010	2,695
Austrian	50	15	35	205	110	95
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	320	145	175	465	195	270
Dutch	120	55	60	1,365	775	595
Flemish	30	25	10	25	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	790	415	375	4,210	2,180	2,030
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	210	110	100	60	30	30
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	110	65	40	1,335	640	695
Danish	15	10	10	130	50	80
Finnish	0	0	10	125	85	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	415	200	220
Norwegian	65	40	30	340	150	190
Swedish	15	10	10	415	195	220
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	0	0	25	10	15
Eastern European origins	405	200	205	5,525	2,790	2,730
Bulgarian	65	25	40	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	20	0	15	165	55	105
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	50	35	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	30	15	125	65	60
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lithuanian	20	0	15	20	20	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	75	25	45	1,985	1,055	935
Romanian	20	10	0	40	15	30
Russian	100	65	35	795	380	415
Slovak	10	0	10	70	35	35
Ukrainian	65	35	25	3,850	1,935	1,910
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Southern European origins	1,495	745	745	695	350	350
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	20	10	25
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	170	95	75	45	20	25
Italian	945	430	515	345	185	160
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	15	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	125	85	50	205	105	105
Serbian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sicilian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	245	140	100	50	15	30
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	10	25	10	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	65	35	30	80	25	55
Basque	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	35	15	20	60	15	45
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	25	10	15	15	10	10
Caribbean origins	260	110	155	70	35	35
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	10	15	0	0	0
Dominican	30	20	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	165	60	105	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	10	45	20	25
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	10	15	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	0	15	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	235	105	130	160	85	75
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bolivian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chilean	10	10	0	25	10	15
Colombian	45	15	30	10	0	10
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guyanese	15	10	10	10	0	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	80	45	35	70	35	35
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	25	20	10
Peruvian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	0	10
African origins	485	285	205	50	30	15
Central and West African origins	210	110	100	10	10	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	20	10	20	0	0	0
Cameroonian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	25	20	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	35	35	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peulh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	25	0	20	0	0	0
North African origins	195	120	70	0	0	0
Algerian	75	55	20	0	0	0
Berber	20	15	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	60	25	35	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	25	20	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	15	10	10	15	10	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other African origins	65	40	30	25	10	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	0	10	10	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	55	35	15	20	10	10
Asian origins	590	250	340	325	145	185
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	205	120	85	65	25	40
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iraqi	25	10	15	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	100	60	45	10	0	10
Palestinian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	40	15	25	20	10	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	10	0	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	35	20	20	85	40	45
Bangladeshi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	25	10	25	65	35	25
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	10	0	20	10	15
Punjabi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	350	115	235	175	75	100
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	180	60	115	60	30	25
Filipino	50	20	30	105	35	75
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	85	25	65	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	15	0	15
Australian	0	0	0	15	0	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	51,180	...	...	5,460	...	...
Owner	34,215	...	...	5,215	...	...
Renter	16,545	...	...	240	...	...
Band housing	420	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	51,175	...	...	5,460	...	...
Condominium	1,830	...	...	200	...	...
Not condominium	49,350	...	...	5,260	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	51,175	...	...	5,460	...	...
No bedrooms	65	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	5,575	...	...	135	...	...
2 bedrooms	16,155	...	...	815	...	...
3 bedrooms	18,430	...	...	2,375	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10,955	...	...	2,135	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	51,180	...	...	5,460	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	13,480	...	...	440	...	...
5 rooms	11,260	...	...	825	...	...
6 rooms	7,460	...	...	915	...	...
7 rooms	6,610	...	...	915	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,360	...	...	2,365	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	7.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	51,175	...	...	5,460	...	...
One person or fewer per room	50,950	...	...	5,440	...	...
More than 1 person per room	230	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	51,180	...	...	5,460	...	...
Suitable	50,435	...	...	5,340	...	...
Not suitable	740	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	51,180	...	...	5,460	...	...
1960 or before	19,055	...	...	590	...	...
1961 to 1980	15,730	...	...	1,570	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,435	...	...	945	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,110	...	...	775	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,420	...	...	340	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,145	...	...	540	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,285	...	...	705	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	51,175	...	...	5,460	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	47,465	...	...	5,165	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,715	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	51,175	...	...	5,460	...	...
1 household maintainer	35,245	...	...	2,490	...	...
2 household maintainers	15,675	...	...	2,925	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	260	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	51,175	...	...	5,460	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,295	...	...	50	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,470	...	...	595	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,550	...	...	960	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,945	...	...	1,340	...	...
55 to 64 years	12,675	...	...	1,285	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,710	...	...	825	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,840	...	...	300	...	...
85 years and over	1,695	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	50,100	...	...	5,270	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	41,310	...	...	4,695	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	8,785	...	...	570	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,020	...	...	500	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	33,800	...	...	5,045	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.3	...	...	63.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.5	...	...	9.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	688	...	...	1,255	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	795	...	...	1,293	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	144,684	...	...	359,816	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	160,109	...	...	389,386	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,340	...	...	240	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	8.8	...	...	6.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	32.1	...	...	36.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	513	...	...	1,001	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	575	...	...	1,000	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	91,720	45,775	45,940	12,215	6,180	6,035
No certificate, diploma or degree	21,855	10,595	11,260	1,940	1,080	855
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,265	9,395	10,870	3,725	1,745	1,985
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	49,595	25,785	23,810	6,545	3,355	3,195
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	21,125	13,890	7,240	1,435	1,135	305
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	15,510	9,280	6,230	600	400	200
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,615	4,610	1,010	830	735	95
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,175	6,620	9,550	2,600	1,230	1,370
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,870	1,065	1,805	445	205	240
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,425	4,210	5,220	2,065	785	1,280
Bachelor's degree	6,900	2,945	3,955	1,540	555	985
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	715	345	365	180	65	110
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	340	165	180	45	30	15
Master's degree	1,275	640	635	270	120	155
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	195	115	80	25	15	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	57,410	29,035	28,375	8,400	4,215	4,190
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,590	5,080	4,505	770	495	280
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,465	5,490	5,975	2,420	1,120	1,300
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	36,355	18,460	17,905	5,205	2,605	2,605
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15,950	10,170	5,785	1,070	870	200
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	11,865	6,850	5,020	440	310	130
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,085	3,320	765	635	565	70
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,480	4,635	6,850	2,055	965	1,095
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,745	720	1,030	310	140	175
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,175	2,935	4,240	1,770	630	1,140
Bachelor's degree	5,330	2,140	3,190	1,320	445	870
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	455	190	270	155	65	95
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	265	90	175	40	25	15
Master's degree	965	435	535	230	85	150
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	155	85	75	25	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	91,720	45,770	45,945	12,215	6,180	6,035
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	42,120	19,990	22,135	5,670	2,825	2,840
Education	4,075	1,065	3,010	515	115	400
13. Education	4,075	1,065	3,010	515	115	400
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	945	405	545	160	75	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	195	115	80	40	40	10
50. Visual and performing arts	750	290	460	120	40	80
Humanities	1,710	730	980	150	55	95
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	110	30	80	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	15	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	920	385	540	55	0	45
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	110	70	40	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	185	105	80	50	30	20
54. History	105	40	60	15	0	15
55. French language and literature/letters	265	95	170	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,210	780	2,430	535	170	370
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	0	25	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	235	95	145	35	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,190	70	1,120	125	0	120
22. Legal professions and studies	400	125	275	75	20	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	125	30	95	0	0	0
42. Psychology	780	200	580	95	15	80
45. Social sciences	440	250	185	205	110	95
Business, management and public administration	10,035	2,805	7,230	1,185	385	800
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	525	105	415	100	15	90
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,510	2,700	6,810	1,080	370	715
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,195	665	525	190	105	85
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	385	155	230	85	45	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	65	40	40	20	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	275	120	150	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	295	235	60	50	40	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	135	95	40	15	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	960	580	380	150	85	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	795	525	275	140	80	60
25. Library science	115	10	105	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	45	10	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	14,165	13,460	705	1,925	1,785	140
04. Architecture and related services	160	105	50	35	10	25
14. Engineering	775	710	65	165	130	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,685	2,390	295	330	300	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,255	3,195	55	560	530	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,235	4,135	105	605	595	10
48. Precision production	3,055	2,920	130	230	225	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,175	1,675	505	270	200	70
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	860	565	295	195	140	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,315	1,105	210	75	60	20
Health and related fields	6,605	1,205	5,395	1,100	165	935
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	305	125	180	65	25	45
51. Health professions and related programs	6,210	1,035	5,175	1,030	145	890
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	85	40	40	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,500	2,400	2,105	365	210	155
12. Personal and culinary services	2,390	515	1,875	165	30	130
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	20	10	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	630	495	135	85	65	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,450	1,365	85	120	115	0
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	57,415	29,035	28,380	8,400	4,215	4,190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	21,055	10,575	10,480	3,195	1,615	1,580
Education	2,360	565	1,800	360	70	290
13. Education	2,355	565	1,800	360	75	290
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	745	300	445	130	70	60
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	165	95	70	40	35	10
50. Visual and performing arts	580	210	375	90	35	60
Humanities	1,000	445	550	115	45	70
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	85	25	60	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	10	15	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	555	265	290	35	0	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	30	25	15	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	60	30	35	20	15
54. History	75	30	45	15	0	15
55. French language and literature/letters	140	45	95	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,510	565	1,950	485	135	350
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	25	0	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	210	85	130	40	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	890	35	855	115	0	110
22. Legal professions and studies	270	70	195	65	15	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	95	15	80	0	0	0
42. Psychology	685	165	525	85	10	75
45. Social sciences	335	190	145	175	90	85
Business, management and public administration	7,730	2,050	5,680	960	305	650
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	385	85	300	90	0	85
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,345	1,965	5,380	865	305	560
Physical and life sciences and technologies	700	415	290	150	70	80
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	310	130	175	75	30	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	30	20	20	10	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	35	25	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	225	175	50	40	30	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	85	55	30	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	765	455	310	130	70	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	670	435	240	125	70	55
25. Library science	75	0	70	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,200	9,575	625	1,460	1,345	115
04. Architecture and related services	140	90	50	20	0	20
14. Engineering	570	505	65	135	100	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,990	1,735	260	245	215	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,285	2,235	55	440	425	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,080	3,000	80	460	460	10
48. Precision production	2,125	2,005	120	160	155	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,735	1,270	465	230	170	55
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	675	395	275	160	120	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,060	875	185	65	45	20
Health and related fields	5,015	925	4,090	915	145	770
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	260	105	155	65	20	45
51. Health professions and related programs	4,685	790	3,900	850	125	725
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	70	30	40	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,600	1,895	1,705	275	170	115
12. Personal and culinary services	1,880	355	1,530	120	20	105
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	495	390	100	60	55	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,215	1,140	75	95	95	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	91,720	45,775	45,945	12,215	6,180	6,035
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	42,125	19,990	22,135	5,670	2,825	2,840
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	49,595	25,785	23,810	6,545	3,350	3,195
Location of study inside Canada	48,905	25,390	23,510	6,200	3,180	3,025
Same as province or territory of residence	48,310	25,025	23,290	5,455	2,755	2,700
Different than province or territory of residence	590	365	225	745	415	325
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	690	395	300	345	175	170
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	65	35	30	135	75	60
Philippines	10	0	10	10	0	0
India	10	0	0	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	15	0	60	30	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	20	10	0	0	0
France	250	170	80	0	0	0
Other	315	150	165	125	60	65
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	57,415	29,030	28,380	8,405	4,215	4,190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	21,055	10,575	10,475	3,195	1,615	1,580
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	36,355	18,455	17,900	5,205	2,600	2,610
Location of study inside Canada	35,840	18,185	17,660	4,970	2,485	2,485
Same as province or territory of residence	35,490	17,975	17,505	4,345	2,145	2,205
Different than province or territory of residence	350	200	150	620	340	280
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	520	275	240	240	115	120
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	40	20	20	90	50	40
Philippines	10	0	10	10	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	30	15	20
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	20	10	0	0	0
France	185	125	60	0	0	0
Other	240	100	140	100	50	40
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	91,720	45,775	45,945	12,215	6,180	6,035
In the labour force	50,190	26,415	23,775	8,600	4,545	4,045
Employed	45,785	23,565	22,220	8,215	4,305	3,910
Unemployed	4,410	2,850	1,555	385	240	140
Not in the labour force	41,525	19,355	22,170	3,620	1,630	1,985
Participation rate	54.7	57.7	51.7	70.4	73.5	67.0
Employment rate	49.9	51.5	48.4	67.3	69.7	64.8
Unemployment rate	8.8	10.8	6.5	4.5	5.3	3.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	91,720	45,775	45,945	12,215	6,180	6,035
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	39,310	18,110	21,200	3,055	1,420	1,635
Worked	52,405	27,660	24,740	9,160	4,760	4,395
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	23,610	13,045	10,565	5,255	3,050	2,200
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	28,795	14,620	14,175	3,905	1,710	2,195
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	41.6	42.3	44.3	45.0	43.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	50,190	26,420	23,775	8,595	4,545	4,050
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,310	660	655	70	50	20
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	48,880	25,760	23,125	8,525	4,500	4,025
Employee	43,340	22,475	20,860	7,330	3,675	3,655
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,545	3,285	2,260	1,200	825	375
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	50,195	26,415	23,775	8,600	4,545	4,050
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,310	660	655	70	50	20
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	48,880	25,760	23,125	8,525	4,500	4,025
0 Management occupations	4,110	2,645	1,460	1,325	820	505
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,620	1,545	5,080	1,355	300	1,055
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,170	1,720	450	415	280	130
3 Health occupations	4,145	760	3,390	615	115	495
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,405	1,460	3,945	1,055	315	740
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	825	430	385	165	45	120
6 Sales and service occupations	11,240	4,420	6,820	1,290	515	770
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,335	8,910	425	1,900	1,775	125
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,200	980	215	170	120	50
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,840	2,885	955	245	220	30
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	50,190	26,420	23,780	8,595	4,545	4,045
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,310	660	650	70	45	25
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	48,880	25,755	23,125	8,525	4,500	4,025
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,795	1,355	435	325	205	115
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	140	115	30	65	50	10
22 Utilities	655	535	120	135	95	40
23 Construction	3,645	3,290	355	1,070	905	165
31-33 Manufacturing	7,320	5,675	1,650	705	545	160
41 Wholesale trade	910	705	205	295	215	85
44-45 Retail trade	6,500	2,880	3,615	700	365	340
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,820	1,420	395	540	445	90
51 Information and cultural industries	480	305	180	135	65	70
52 Finance and insurance	1,010	290	720	315	80	235
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	395	255	140	105	40	65
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,625	895	725	390	165	220
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	10	0	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,710	1,065	650	235	125	110
61 Educational services	3,075	985	2,090	740	195	545
62 Health care and social assistance	7,605	1,420	6,190	1,040	170	875
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	820	480	340	170	60	105
72 Accommodation and food services	3,220	1,180	2,040	330	125	210
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,720	1,355	1,365	405	220	180
91 Public administration	3,425	1,550	1,880	830	420	405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	45,785	23,565	22,215	8,215	4,305	3,905
Worked at home	2,830	1,455	1,380	775	380	395
Worked outside Canada	75	60	15	35	20	10
No fixed workplace address	4,220	3,185	1,035	1,180	930	250
Worked at usual place	38,655	18,860	19,795	6,230	2,980	3,250
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	38,655	18,865	19,790	6,230	2,980	3,250
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	23,665	10,740	12,925	1,030	445	590
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,455	2,065	2,390	310	140	170
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10,460	6,020	4,440	4,845	2,365	2,480
Commute to a different province or territory	75	40	35	40	30	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	42,875	22,050	20,825	7,405	3,905	3,500
Car, truck, van - as a driver	37,630	19,670	17,955	6,840	3,700	3,140
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,350	590	755	385	95	295
Public transit	385	175	210	50	25	30
Walked	2,725	1,170	1,560	60	20	40
Bicycle	220	155	60	25	20	10
Other method	575	290	290	45	45	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	42,875	22,055	20,825	7,410	3,910	3,505
Less than 15 minutes	18,630	8,695	9,935	855	355	505
15 to 29 minutes	14,440	7,150	7,290	1,975	1,075	905
30 to 44 minutes	6,450	3,730	2,715	2,465	1,300	1,165
45 to 59 minutes	1,595	1,075	520	1,540	855	685
60 minutes and over	1,765	1,400	365	575	325	250
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	42,880	22,050	20,825	7,410	3,905	3,505
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,175	1,660	520	545	410	130
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,635	5,140	2,495	2,070	1,280	785
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	16,035	8,035	7,995	2,285	1,175	1,110
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,880	2,880	5,000	1,195	420	775
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,965	965	2,000	440	200	240
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,185	3,375	2,810	875	420	455
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	53,895	28,400	25,495	9,450	4,905	4,545
Single responses	53,105	27,950	25,160	9,400	4,890	4,510
Official languages	52,325	27,545	24,780	9,375	4,875	4,500
English	655	405	245	9,320	4,870	4,455
French	51,670	27,140	24,535	50	0	50
Non-official languages	785	405	380	30	15	10
Aboriginal languages	760	390	370	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	760	390	365	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	755	390	365	0	0	0
Atikamekw	755	385	370	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	25	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	15	10	25	15	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	20	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	0	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	790	455	335	50	20	30
English and French	695	410	290	20	0	20
English and non-official language	15	10	10	30	15	10
French and non-official language	65	30	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	53,895	28,405	25,495	9,450	4,905	4,540
None	47,670	24,690	22,985	9,185	4,845	4,340
English	4,770	2,925	1,845	65	10	50
French	1,080	605	475	150	25	120
Non-official language	335	150	185	50	20	30
Aboriginal	255	130	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	75	20	55	50	20	30
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	35	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	106,035	53,240	52,790	14,910	7,635	7,270
Non-movers	96,095	48,245	47,850	13,630	7,015	6,620
Movers	9,940	5,000	4,940	1,280	625	655
Non-migrants	6,070	3,060	3,005	370	170	200
Migrants	3,870	1,935	1,935	910	455	455
Internal migrants	3,780	1,880	1,905	885	445	435
Intraprovincial migrants	3,690	1,835	1,855	755	385	370
Interprovincial migrants	90	45	45	135	60	70
External migrants	90	55	35	25	0	20
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	101,890	51,105	50,780	14,105	7,240	6,865
Non-movers	72,445	36,520	35,920	9,940	5,090	4,850
Movers	29,445	14,580	14,865	4,165	2,150	2,010
Non-migrants	17,935	8,890	9,050	1,335	690	645
Migrants	11,515	5,695	5,815	2,825	1,460	1,365
Internal migrants	11,155	5,505	5,650	2,715	1,395	1,320
Intraprovincial migrants	10,955	5,395	5,555	2,305	1,200	1,105
Interprovincial migrants	200	105	95	405	195	210
External migrants	360	190	170	115	65	50

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint-Maurice--Champlain [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Springfield, RM [Census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 18, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Maurice--Champlain [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Springfield, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint-Maurice--Champlain [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Springfield, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Maurice--Champlain [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Springfield, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba