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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vancouver Granville [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Vancouver [Population centre], British Columbia

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Vancouver Granville British Columbia [Federal electoral district]			Vancouver British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Vancouver Granville [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Map : Vancouver Granville [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Vancouver [Population centre], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	103,456	...	...	2,264,823	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	99,886	...	...	2,124,443^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	51,261	...	...	944,471	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	48,329	...	...	883,021	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,620.3	...	...	2,584.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	22.39	...	...	876.44	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	103,455	48,295	55,165	2,264,840	1,106,730	1,158,110
0 to 14 years	11,500	6,035	5,455	332,860	171,850	161,010
0 to 4 years	4,145	2,185	1,955	108,000	55,780	52,215
5 to 9 years	3,645	1,895	1,750	112,660	58,265	54,390
10 to 14 years	3,710	1,955	1,750	112,210	57,805	54,405
15 to 64 years	75,585	35,250	40,335	1,590,165	779,140	811,025
15 to 19 years	4,725	2,315	2,410	130,305	67,075	63,235
20 to 24 years	7,150	3,315	3,835	157,125	80,180	76,945
25 to 29 years	10,350	4,810	5,540	171,840	85,320	86,520
30 to 34 years	9,940	4,810	5,130	173,775	85,695	88,085
35 to 39 years	7,865	3,725	4,145	158,025	76,495	81,535
40 to 44 years	7,020	3,260	3,760	156,065	73,760	82,305
45 to 49 years	8,070	3,645	4,425	169,655	80,975	88,680
50 to 54 years	7,765	3,615	4,150	175,260	85,500	89,755
55 to 59 years	6,715	3,020	3,695	160,745	77,680	83,065
60 to 64 years	5,980	2,725	3,255	137,355	66,470	70,895
65 years and over	16,375	7,005	9,370	341,810	155,735	186,075
65 to 69 years	5,530	2,480	3,050	116,465	55,805	60,665
70 to 74 years	3,420	1,520	1,900	78,455	37,000	41,455
75 to 79 years	2,630	1,130	1,495	58,795	26,925	31,865
80 to 84 years	2,125	935	1,185	43,350	19,515	23,835
85 years and over	2,680	940	1,740	44,750	16,495	28,255
85 to 89 years	1,470	570	905	27,640	11,195	16,450
90 to 94 years	865	285	585	12,840	4,240	8,600
95 to 99 years	285	80	205	3,610	910	2,700
100 years and over	60	10	50	655	150	510
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.1	12.5	9.9	14.7	15.5	13.9
15 to 64 years	73.1	73.0	73.1	70.2	70.4	70.0
65 years and over	15.8	14.5	17.0	15.1	14.1	16.1
85 years and over	2.6	1.9	3.2	2.0	1.5	2.4
Average age of the population	41.7	40.6	42.8	40.6	39.7	41.5
Median age of the population	40.2	38.7	41.5	40.3	39.1	41.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	48,330	...	...	883,020	...	...
Single-detached house	8,960	...	...	239,120	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	7,665	...	...	158,310	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	31,695	...	...	482,600	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,025	...	...	17,955	...	...
Row house	1,660	...	...	85,655	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	4,410	...	...	148,850	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	24,490	...	...	228,940	...	...
Other single-attached house	110	...	...	1,195	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	2,985	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	48,330	...	...	883,020	...	...
1 person	19,275	...	...	255,730	...	...
2 persons	15,790	...	...	271,610	...	...
3 persons	6,205	...	...	141,340	...	...
4 persons	4,645	...	...	127,760	...	...
5 or more persons	2,415	...	...	86,575	...	...
Number of persons in private households	101,580	...	...	2,232,290	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	91,960	42,255	49,705	1,931,975	934,880	997,100
Married or living common law	47,755	23,605	24,150	1,087,700	541,665	546,035
Married	38,290	18,815	19,480	940,845	467,385	473,455
Living common law	9,465	4,790	4,675	146,860	74,280	72,580
Not married and not living common law	44,205	18,650	25,555	844,275	393,215	451,065
Never married	32,480	15,325	17,155	591,360	314,225	277,140
Separated	1,890	710	1,175	46,135	18,645	27,485
Divorced	5,875	1,880	3,990	116,460	43,075	73,385
Widowed	3,965	730	3,235	90,320	17,265	73,055
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	26,745	...	...	620,775	...	...
2 persons	15,015	...	...	296,105	...	...
3 persons	5,945	...	...	146,905	...	...
4 persons	4,550	...	...	134,200	...	...
5 or more persons	1,235	...	...	43,565	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	26,740	...	...	620,770	...	...
Total couple families	22,660	...	...	523,610	...	...
Married couples	17,930	...	...	450,195	...	...
Common-law couples	4,735	...	...	73,415	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,080	...	...	97,160	...	...
Female parent	3,440	...	...	78,825	...	...
Male parent	645	...	...	18,335	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	22,660	...	...	523,610	...	...
Couples without children	12,200	...	...	233,850	...	...
Couples with children	10,460	...	...	289,760	...	...
1 child	4,910	...	...	119,840	...	...
2 children	4,350	...	...	127,955	...	...
3 or more children	1,200	...	...	41,960	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,080	...	...	97,160	...	...
1 child	2,820	...	...	62,250	...	...
2 children	1,035	...	...	27,065	...	...
3 or more children	230	...	...	7,850	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	29,045	12,155	16,895	433,355	202,685	230,675
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	48,330	...	...	883,020	...	...
One-census-family households	25,065	...	...	546,745	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	11,455	...	...	202,200	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	13,610	...	...	344,545	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	810	...	...	35,385	...	...
Non-census-family households	22,450	...	...	300,890	...	...
One-person households	19,275	...	...	255,730	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	3,175	...	...	45,160	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	102,010	47,695	54,310	2,244,265	1,097,095	1,147,170
English only	85,240	40,560	44,680	1,953,500	971,900	981,600
French only	50	25	20	1,080	515	565
English and French	11,590	4,930	6,655	157,470	70,350	87,120
Neither English nor French	5,130	2,175	2,950	132,215	54,325	77,890
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	102,010	47,695	54,310	2,244,260	1,097,095	1,147,170
English	94,580	44,405	50,175	2,076,105	1,025,245	1,050,860
French	1,705	855	850	23,735	11,970	11,765
English and French	670	300	365	13,800	6,330	7,470
Neither English nor French	5,055	2,135	2,925	130,620	53,540	77,080
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,040	1,005	1,030	30,635	15,140	15,500
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.0	2.1	1.9	1.4	1.4	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	102,005	47,695	54,310	2,244,260	1,097,090	1,147,170
Single responses	99,130	46,390	52,740	2,169,020	1,060,760	1,108,260
Official languages	57,790	28,310	29,480	1,189,670	604,460	585,210
English	56,190	27,510	28,680	1,166,785	592,875	573,905
French	1,600	800	800	22,885	11,585	11,300
Non-official languages	41,335	18,080	23,255	979,350	456,300	523,050
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	830	375	455
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	310	130	175
Blackfoot	0	0	0	20	0	20
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	215	105	115
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	40	15	25
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	5	5
Woods Cree	5	0	0	15	15	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	145	70	80
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	65	25	40
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	60	25	35
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	105	45	55
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	100	50	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	35	15	25
Chilcotin	0	0	0	25	15	10
Dene	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	10	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	15	5	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	5	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	15	5	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	5	5	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	125	60	65
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	35	20	20
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	5	5
Okanagan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Squamish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Siouan languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	15
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	95	40	55
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	45	15	25
Nisga'a	5	0	0	25	15	15
Tsimshian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Haisla	0	0	0	5	10	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	20	5	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	75	35	35
Non-Aboriginal languages	41,325	18,075	23,250	978,520	455,925	522,600
Afro-Asiatic languages	820	440	380	20,355	10,805	9,550
Berber languages	0	5	5	95	55	35
Kabyle	0	0	0	30	20	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	40	25
Cushitic languages	15	10	5	1,350	675	675
Bilen	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oromo	10	5	5	170	95	75
Somali	5	5	0	1,165	570	595
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Semitic languages	805	430	370	18,870	10,050	8,825
Amharic	40	20	15	1,140	555	585
Arabic	350	205	145	14,030	7,565	6,465
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	20	10	10	630	305	320
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	435	235	200
Harari	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hebrew	365	180	190	1,720	930	785
Maltese	5	5	5	75	35	35
Tigrigna	15	10	10	695	340	355
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	135	70	65
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	405	160	245	23,475	10,710	12,765
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	10	1,195	545	650
Vietnamese	390	155	235	22,245	10,150	12,100
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	35	15	15
Austronesian languages	2,380	800	1,580	80,475	33,090	47,385
Bikol	15	5	10	310	140	175
Cebuano	90	30	65	3,155	1,265	1,885
Fijian	0	0	5	385	190	200
Hiligaynon	45	15	30	1,235	470	770
Ilocano	135	50	85	4,550	1,800	2,750
Malagasy	0	0	0	15	5	5
Malay	190	95	95	3,410	1,520	1,895
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	0	10	625	290	340
Pangasinan	5	5	5	260	115	145
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,865	600	1,265	65,535	26,880	38,655
Waray-Waray	0	5	0	180	65	110
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	815	355	460
Creole languages	10	5	10	580	300	285
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	20	15	5
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	355	175	180
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	210	110	100
Dravidian languages	160	100	65	6,105	3,230	2,875
Kannada	15	10	10	220	115	105
Malayalam	30	20	10	1,720	890	830
Tamil	110	60	50	3,230	1,675	1,555
Telugu	15	10	0	895	540	355
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	130	70	60
Indo-European languages	9,140	4,250	4,895	396,175	193,435	202,745
Albanian	20	10	10	1,015	520	490
Armenian	80	35	45	1,020	505	520
Balto-Slavic languages	2,430	1,075	1,355	54,230	25,445	28,785
Baltic languages	60	20	35	580	255	325
Latvian	30	10	15	290	135	155
Lithuanian	25	10	20	295	120	170
Slavic languages	2,375	1,055	1,320	53,650	25,190	28,460
Belarusan	0	0	0	55	30	25
Bosnian	45	25	20	1,140	565	570
Bulgarian	85	40	45	1,660	775	885
Croatian	150	50	100	5,140	2,490	2,655
Czech	135	70	65	3,225	1,555	1,675
Macedonian	20	5	10	240	115	125
Polish	420	170	245	11,285	5,315	5,975
Russian	815	365	450	17,320	7,885	9,440
Serbian	325	165	160	6,050	3,105	2,950
Serbo-Croatian	75	30	40	1,105	530	570
Slovak	90	35	55	2,235	990	1,250
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	15	10	480	225	250
Ukrainian	180	70	110	3,555	1,540	2,015
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	165	85	80
Celtic languages	20	10	10	270	155	120
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	110	60	50
Welsh	10	5	5	100	55	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	60	35	25
Germanic languages	1,460	650	815	31,530	15,020	16,510
Afrikaans	50	20	25	1,200	615	580
Danish	75	35	40	1,660	815	850
Dutch	205	100	100	6,065	2,955	3,110
Frisian	5	0	0	65	20	40
German	970	400	565	20,150	9,480	10,675
Icelandic	15	10	5	140	70	75
Norwegian	25	10	15	725	355	370
Swedish	70	35	35	1,130	510	620
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	0	165	85	80
Yiddish	50	25	25	210	110	100
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	25	10	10
Greek	325	165	165	4,565	2,345	2,215
Indo-Iranian languages	2,245	1,125	1,120	235,425	116,520	118,905
Indo-Aryan languages	1,365	675	695	192,045	94,740	97,305
Bengali	105	65	45	2,650	1,380	1,270
Gujarati	70	35	35	6,095	2,870	3,230
Hindi	275	135	145	23,785	11,385	12,400
Kashmiri	0	0	0	45	25	15
Konkani	5	0	5	205	105	100
Marathi	10	5	10	515	270	245
Nepali	10	10	0	905	475	425
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	65	30	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	725	345	380	146,225	72,380	73,845
Sindhi	40	15	25	1,515	700	820
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	1,445	725	720
Urdu	90	45	40	8,600	4,390	4,210
Iranian languages	875	445	425	43,035	21,605	21,435
Kurdish	20	10	5	1,645	870	775
Pashto	5	0	0	1,065	565	500
Persian (Farsi)	850	435	415	40,325	20,165	20,165
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	340	180	160
Italic (Romance) languages	2,555	1,185	1,370	68,120	32,920	35,200
Catalan	15	5	5	120	65	60
Italian	335	175	165	14,640	7,270	7,375
Portuguese	415	190	225	11,510	5,455	6,055
Romanian	265	125	140	6,835	3,315	3,520
Spanish	1,525	690	840	34,955	16,785	18,170
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	55	30	20
Japanese	1,400	490	905	16,325	5,560	10,760
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
Georgian	0	5	0	60	35	30
Korean	1,220	480	735	44,070	19,845	24,225
Mongolic languages	15	5	10	335	145	190
Mongolian	15	0	10	335	145	190
Niger-Congo languages	60	40	25	2,575	1,295	1,275
Akan (Twi)	15	10	5	400	220	185
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	5	5
Edo	0	0	0	80	50	35
Ewe	0	0	0	60	30	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Ga	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ganda	5	5	0	65	35	30
Igbo	5	0	0	155	90	65
Lingala	0	0	0	55	25	30
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	5	100	45	55
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	5	100	45	55
Shona	5	5	5	150	65	80
Swahili	20	15	5	565	280	290
Wolof	0	0	0	30	10	20
Yoruba	5	0	5	190	110	80
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	580	270	310
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	255	130	125
Dinka	0	0	0	80	50	30
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	180	80	95
Sign languages	10	10	5	580	300	280
American Sign Language	5	5	0	240	120	125
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	340	190	150
Sino-Tibetan languages	25,110	11,030	14,085	373,505	170,645	202,865
Chinese languages	25,085	11,010	14,070	371,255	169,515	201,740
Cantonese	11,140	4,890	6,245	182,400	84,160	98,240
Hakka	120	55	65	2,140	930	1,205
Mandarin	12,005	5,300	6,705	163,800	74,170	89,625
Min Dong	15	5	10	205	100	105
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	905	385	520	10,135	4,520	5,615
Wu (Shanghainese)	310	125	185	4,205	1,845	2,360
Chinese, n.o.s.	575	245	330	8,200	3,715	4,485
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	170	70	100
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	15	15	2,250	1,130	1,120
Burmese	15	5	10	1,020	525	500
Karenic languages	0	0	0	760	365	395
Tibetan	10	10	0	245	130	120
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	220	115	105
Tai-Kadai languages	125	40	85	2,625	950	1,680
Lao	5	5	5	775	395	385
Thai	110	30	80	1,835	550	1,285
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	15	10	10
Turkic languages	110	60	50	3,585	1,980	1,605
Azerbaijani	10	5	5	490	275	220
Turkish	100	55	45	2,670	1,515	1,155
Uyghur	0	0	0	160	80	80
Uzbek	0	5	5	95	45	50
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	165	75	95
Uralic languages	345	170	180	6,950	3,210	3,740
Estonian	30	10	15	360	155	200
Finnish	60	25	35	1,700	675	1,030
Hungarian	255	130	125	4,885	2,380	2,510
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	355	195	160
Multiple responses	2,880	1,305	1,575	75,245	36,335	38,910
English and French	330	150	175	4,840	2,360	2,480
English and non-official language	2,395	1,075	1,320	67,385	32,570	34,815
French and non-official language	90	50	40	1,480	720	765
English, French and non-official language	70	30	40	1,540	685	855
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	102,010	47,695	54,310	2,244,265	1,097,090	1,147,170
Single responses	95,990	45,030	50,955	2,063,070	1,010,655	1,052,410
Official languages	72,100	34,465	37,635	1,462,715	729,695	733,020
English	71,450	34,135	37,310	1,454,540	725,625	728,910
French	650	325	325	8,175	4,065	4,110
Non-official languages	23,890	10,565	13,325	600,355	280,960	319,395
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	100	45	55
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	5	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dakota	0	0	0	10	5	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	23,890	10,565	13,325	600,255	280,915	319,335
Afro-Asiatic languages	405	195	210	11,765	5,895	5,870
Berber languages	0	0	0	40	15	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	5	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	5
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	695	310	380
Bilen	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	75	40	35
Somali	0	5	0	610	270	340
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages	395	190	210	11,020	5,560	5,460
Amharic	10	10	5	535	245	290
Arabic	180	85	90	8,540	4,335	4,205
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	400	195	205
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	305	165	140
Harari	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hebrew	190	85	105	780	400	380
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	10	0	0	355	160	190
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	40	40
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	170	70	105	14,490	6,695	7,790
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	615	285	325
Vietnamese	170	70	100	13,865	6,405	7,460
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Austronesian languages	975	390	585	34,880	15,400	19,480
Bikol	5	0	5	65	30	35
Cebuano	20	10	10	1,070	475	595
Fijian	0	0	0	100	50	50
Hiligaynon	10	5	0	345	150	195
Ilocano	45	20	20	1,450	615	830
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malay	60	30	30	1,045	480	560
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	135	65	75
Pangasinan	0	0	0	55	25	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	825	320	510	30,300	13,355	16,945
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	50	25	30
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	260	130	135
Creole languages	5	0	5	275	120	155
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	195	85	110
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	35	35
Dravidian languages	90	50	40	3,310	1,680	1,635
Kannada	5	5	0	95	45	55
Malayalam	5	5	0	875	445	430
Tamil	70	40	35	1,910	950	955
Telugu	5	5	0	415	235	185
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	55	20	30
Indo-European languages	3,165	1,480	1,690	213,800	103,735	110,065
Albanian	5	5	5	495	245	250
Armenian	35	15	20	490	215	275
Balto-Slavic languages	870	395	480	24,520	11,745	12,770
Baltic languages	5	0	0	150	70	80
Latvian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Lithuanian	5	5	5	80	40	45
Slavic languages	870	390	475	24,365	11,680	12,690
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bosnian	20	10	5	535	260	270
Bulgarian	45	20	25	885	410	480
Croatian	35	15	20	1,715	805	910
Czech	35	15	20	945	475	465
Macedonian	5	0	5	115	55	60
Polish	90	40	50	4,270	2,025	2,245
Russian	375	170	205	10,330	4,890	5,440
Serbian	175	80	95	3,350	1,705	1,650
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15	435	205	235
Slovak	20	10	10	735	355	385
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	60	30	30
Ukrainian	30	15	15	950	445	505
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15
Celtic languages	5	0	5	30	20	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	5	0
Welsh	5	0	0	15	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages	195	90	110	3,950	1,865	2,080
Afrikaans	5	5	0	410	200	205
Danish	10	0	5	165	85	80
Dutch	30	15	20	570	265	300
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	5
German	130	60	75	2,470	1,145	1,325
Icelandic	5	5	0	50	25	25
Norwegian	0	0	5	65	30	30
Swedish	15	5	10	200	95	105
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	10	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	50	55	1,635	790	845
Indo-Iranian languages	975	475	505	153,170	74,880	78,295
Indo-Aryan languages	490	240	255	124,505	60,980	63,525
Bengali	50	30	25	1,565	770	795
Gujarati	20	5	15	2,695	1,190	1,495
Hindi	90	50	40	11,100	5,245	5,850
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	30	20	15
Marathi	0	0	0	235	120	115
Nepali	5	5	0	550	290	260
Oriya (Odia)	0	5	0	30	15	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	255	120	135	102,080	50,295	51,790
Sindhi	15	5	10	575	245	330
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	595	290	305
Urdu	45	25	20	5,055	2,505	2,550
Iranian languages	480	235	250	28,490	13,810	14,680
Kurdish	10	5	0	1,020	510	505
Pashto	0	0	0	660	330	325
Persian (Farsi)	475	230	245	26,815	12,965	13,850
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	175	85	90
Italic (Romance) languages	970	450	520	29,510	13,980	15,525
Catalan	10	5	5	60	25	30
Italian	55	30	30	3,835	1,665	2,175
Portuguese	170	75	100	4,990	2,375	2,615
Romanian	100	45	50	3,085	1,475	1,605
Spanish	645	300	345	17,525	8,435	9,095
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Japanese	765	335	430	8,005	3,285	4,725
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Georgian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Korean	710	305	405	32,775	15,085	17,690
Mongolic languages	5	5	0	160	75	85
Mongolian	5	5	5	160	80	85
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	5	715	315	395
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	125	70	60
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ewe	0	0	0	15	10	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	0	5	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	5	5
Igbo	0	0	0	30	15	15
Lingala	0	0	0	35	15	25
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	55	20	35
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	45	15	30
Shona	5	5	0	35	20	20
Swahili	0	0	5	155	60	90
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	40	20	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	140	60	80
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	100	50	55
Dinka	0	0	0	40	25	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	20	40
Sign languages	20	15	10	775	430	350
American Sign Language	5	0	0	275	135	140
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	15	5	500	295	210
Sino-Tibetan languages	17,365	7,640	9,725	274,695	126,000	148,700
Chinese languages	17,355	7,635	9,720	273,085	125,185	147,905
Cantonese	7,220	3,125	4,095	131,090	59,720	71,365
Hakka	35	15	20	660	275	385
Mandarin	9,245	4,115	5,130	129,525	59,840	69,690
Min Dong	0	0	0	60	30	35
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	360	160	200	4,385	1,995	2,390
Wu (Shanghainese)	165	75	90	2,405	1,105	1,300
Chinese, n.o.s.	310	130	175	4,865	2,185	2,685
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	90	45	50
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	0	1,605	815	800
Burmese	10	0	5	680	350	330
Karenic languages	0	0	0	680	330	350
Tibetan	5	0	0	160	85	75
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	45	45
Tai-Kadai languages	50	15	35	985	420	560
Lao	0	0	0	320	155	170
Thai	50	15	35	655	270	390
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkic languages	45	20	25	1,500	785	720
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	185	100	85
Turkish	40	20	20	1,145	600	545
Uyghur	0	0	0	95	45	45
Uzbek	0	5	0	40	20	20
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	25
Uralic languages	95	45	55	1,850	870	975
Estonian	5	5	0	50	15	30
Finnish	10	10	5	395	170	225
Hungarian	80	35	50	1,410	685	725
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	55	60
Multiple responses	6,020	2,670	3,350	181,195	86,435	94,760
English and French	225	100	125	3,265	1,605	1,660
English and non-official language	5,670	2,510	3,155	175,135	83,580	91,555
French and non-official language	30	15	20	490	220	270
English, French and non-official language	95	45	50	2,300	1,025	1,275
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	102,005	47,700	54,310	2,244,265	1,097,095	1,147,170
None	79,245	37,400	41,845	1,745,045	860,010	885,030
English	9,120	4,165	4,955	223,750	108,280	115,470
French	1,280	590	690	17,875	8,180	9,690
Non-official language	11,865	5,300	6,570	249,460	116,805	132,650
Aboriginal	10	10	5	770	360	410
Non-Aboriginal	11,855	5,290	6,565	248,690	116,445	132,245
English and French	60	30	30	920	415	505
English and non-official language	255	115	140	4,765	2,225	2,535
French and non-official language	185	100	85	2,370	1,135	1,235
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	75	35	40
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	90,100	41,500	48,595	1,899,830	920,025	979,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	86,955	40,010	46,945	1,820,110	881,720	938,390
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,101	42,127	35,107	32,086	38,059	27,445
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	87,060	40,115	46,950	1,822,630	884,045	938,580
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,782	36,597	31,703	29,011	33,395	25,639
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	80,870	37,215	43,655	1,633,275	804,160	829,115
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,288	43,381	34,366	32,397	39,080	26,819
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,405	23,605	33,800	1,263,560	538,385	725,180
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,023	543	1,524	2,178	1,087	3,189
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,725	31,220	34,500	1,371,380	694,380	677,005
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,587	42,388	33,931	33,613	39,822	28,398
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	90,245	41,490	48,765	1,900,040	920,145	979,890
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,165	40,040	47,125	1,820,500	881,760	938,740
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	59,834	71,574	49,858	45,981	54,557	37,925
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,270	40,140	47,130	1,823,095	884,185	938,905
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,280	54,861	40,823	37,920	43,683	32,493
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	81,090	37,290	43,805	1,632,760	804,030	828,730
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,733	73,871	49,550	46,606	55,980	37,511
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,300	23,300	34,005	1,263,805	537,790	726,015
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,070	4,782	5,267	6,023	5,757	6,220
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,950	31,500	34,450	1,371,335	694,755	676,575
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,486	65,385	44,520	45,652	54,292	36,781
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	90,250	41,490	48,765	1,900,040	920,145	979,890
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	28,175	14,940	13,240	589,860	333,750	256,105
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	60,209	64,769	56,004	54,477	60,158	48,861
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	78,017	88,151	66,583	66,984	74,942	56,613
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	94.4	96.0	92.5	90.9	93.6	87.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.1	73.5	66.1	74.9	78.4	70.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	5.6	4.0	7.5	9.1	6.4	12.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	90,095	41,505	48,595	1,899,830	920,025	979,805
Without total income	3,145	1,495	1,655	79,725	38,310	41,420
With total income	86,955	40,010	46,945	1,820,110	881,720	938,390
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.4	96.6	95.8	95.8	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,185	6,105	8,080	315,700	135,530	180,170
$10,000 to $19,999	12,790	5,400	7,385	322,935	135,320	187,615
$20,000 to $29,999	9,695	4,125	5,575	229,015	98,450	130,560
$30,000 to $39,999	8,370	3,620	4,755	195,040	88,095	106,940
$40,000 to $49,999	7,970	3,380	4,590	173,240	81,095	92,145
$50,000 to $59,999	6,615	2,890	3,720	136,850	68,580	68,265
$60,000 to $69,999	5,390	2,545	2,840	106,475	58,675	47,800
$70,000 to $79,999	4,505	2,080	2,425	81,390	46,600	34,795
$80,000 to $89,999	3,585	1,710	1,875	63,885	37,275	26,605
$90,000 to $99,999	2,660	1,335	1,325	45,930	27,895	18,035
$100,000 and over	11,185	6,810	4,370	149,650	104,205	45,450
$100,000 to $149,999	6,310	3,630	2,680	97,130	65,580	31,550
$150,000 and over	4,875	3,180	1,695	52,525	38,625	13,895
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	90,095	41,500	48,595	1,899,830	920,025	979,805
Without after-tax income	3,040	1,390	1,645	77,205	35,980	41,225
With after-tax income	87,065	40,110	46,950	1,822,625	884,045	938,580
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.7	96.6	95.9	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,825	6,485	8,350	326,725	142,695	184,030
$10,000 to $19,999	13,410	5,735	7,675	337,690	143,595	194,090
$20,000 to $29,999	11,355	4,920	6,440	270,860	118,955	151,905
$30,000 to $39,999	10,265	4,385	5,880	231,350	106,065	125,280
$40,000 to $49,999	9,140	3,970	5,170	192,310	93,560	98,755
$50,000 to $59,999	7,005	3,245	3,760	139,765	75,900	63,860
$60,000 to $69,999	5,600	2,570	3,030	99,300	56,945	42,360
$70,000 to $79,999	4,080	2,005	2,075	71,505	41,850	29,655
$80,000 and over	11,370	6,800	4,570	153,135	104,485	48,650
$80,000 to $89,999	2,745	1,485	1,260	45,580	28,960	16,620
$90,000 to $99,999	1,815	1,045	770	28,965	19,470	9,495
$100,000 and over	6,810	4,270	2,540	78,590	56,055	22,540
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	90,100	41,500	48,595	1,899,830	920,025	979,805
Without employment income	24,375	10,285	14,095	528,450	225,650	302,800
With employment income	65,720	31,225	34,500	1,371,385	694,380	677,005
Percentage with employment income	72.9	75.2	71.0	72.2	75.5	69.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,720	3,650	5,070	187,690	83,900	103,785
$5,000 to $9,999	4,575	1,970	2,600	104,015	44,525	59,490
$10,000 to $19,999	8,080	3,535	4,545	186,230	82,745	103,485
$20,000 to $29,999	6,605	2,940	3,660	154,315	70,230	84,085
$30,000 to $39,999	6,280	2,825	3,460	144,080	66,950	77,135
$40,000 to $49,999	5,995	2,590	3,400	132,915	62,845	70,065
$50,000 to $59,999	4,980	2,310	2,675	106,050	55,140	50,910
$60,000 to $69,999	4,150	2,010	2,140	84,185	48,355	35,830
$70,000 to $79,999	3,540	1,705	1,840	66,040	38,955	27,090
$80,000 and over	12,795	7,680	5,120	205,870	140,745	65,125
$80,000 to $89,999	2,845	1,415	1,430	52,670	31,560	21,105
$90,000 to $99,999	2,065	1,095	970	37,435	23,785	13,645
$100,000 and over	7,880	5,170	2,715	115,770	85,400	30,365
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	48,330	...	...	883,020	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	68,659	...	...	71,674	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,269	...	...	62,565	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	19,280	...	...	255,730	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,684	...	...	37,927	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,270	...	...	33,632	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	29,050	...	...	627,295	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,693	...	...	90,895	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,577	...	...	79,253	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	48,400	...	...	883,240	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	107,753	...	...	94,774	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	85,251	...	...	78,271	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	19,310	...	...	255,900	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	58,446	...	...	49,641	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,094	...	...	41,033	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	29,090	...	...	627,345	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	140,487	...	...	113,184	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,583	...	...	93,461	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	48,325	...	...	883,020	...	...
Under $5,000	1,710	...	...	26,975	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	955	...	...	14,565	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,700	...	...	27,295	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,035	...	...	35,995	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,885	...	...	33,390	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,845	...	...	33,300	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,920	...	...	33,655	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,825	...	...	33,910	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,935	...	...	33,920	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,885	...	...	33,815	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,610	...	...	64,820	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,255	...	...	60,215	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,975	...	...	55,310	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,625	...	...	50,775	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,180	...	...	45,150	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,990	...	...	299,935	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,100	...	...	91,605	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,075	...	...	65,825	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,730	...	...	74,520	...	...
$200,000 and over	5,095	...	...	67,985	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	48,330	...	...	883,020	...	...
Under $5,000	1,885	...	...	28,685	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	950	...	...	14,755	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,745	...	...	27,765	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,125	...	...	37,190	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,215	...	...	37,880	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,205	...	...	39,980	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,305	...	...	40,775	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,375	...	...	40,775	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,290	...	...	41,175	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,275	...	...	39,905	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,080	...	...	74,575	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,680	...	...	67,610	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,090	...	...	61,470	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,520	...	...	53,405	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,025	...	...	46,490	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,570	...	...	230,595	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,075	...	...	89,065	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,690	...	...	55,445	...	...
$150,000 and over	5,810	...	...	86,080	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	26,660	...	...	596,335	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,694	...	...	91,148	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,191	...	...	79,386	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,370	...	...	198,615	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,080	...	...	84,239	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,824	...	...	73,018	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	10,455	...	...	288,695	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	123,712	...	...	110,516	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,022	...	...	95,649	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,825	...	...	86,855	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,030	...	...	53,529	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,000	...	...	48,751	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	26,810	...	...	595,885	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	144,129	...	...	113,833	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	112,765	...	...	93,745	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,280	...	...	198,235	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	144,929	...	...	107,625	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	112,130	...	...	87,349	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	10,565	...	...	288,875	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	175,864	...	...	133,160	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	136,925	...	...	109,609	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,900	...	...	86,640	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,371	...	...	67,302	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,832	...	...	57,757	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	26,530	11,220	15,305	368,375	179,095	189,280
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	37,944	36,699	38,676	32,044	33,557	30,838
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,686	32,627	34,315	28,939	29,979	28,084
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	26,300	11,000	15,300	367,995	178,365	189,630
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	51,382	52,592	50,512	43,145	45,675	40,766
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,941	42,403	41,610	36,063	37,729	34,496
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	101,580	47,530	54,045	2,232,290	1,091,660	1,140,630
In the bottom half of the distribution	46,910	21,350	25,565	1,100,960	525,080	575,880
In the bottom decile	15,280	6,950	8,325	286,730	137,425	149,305
In the second decile	9,175	4,140	5,035	214,350	99,375	114,980
In the third decile	7,545	3,485	4,060	197,435	93,835	103,595
In the fourth decile	7,295	3,305	3,985	198,470	95,395	103,070
In the fifth decile	7,625	3,470	4,155	203,975	99,045	104,930
In the top half of the distribution	54,665	26,185	28,485	1,131,330	566,585	564,750
In the sixth decile	7,525	3,435	4,095	207,900	101,760	106,140
In the seventh decile	7,940	3,710	4,225	214,770	106,725	108,045
In the eighth decile	9,070	4,220	4,850	223,475	111,775	111,700
In the ninth decile	11,000	5,280	5,720	235,010	118,280	116,730
In the top decile	19,130	9,525	9,595	250,180	128,045	122,135
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	101,580	47,530	54,050	2,224,910	1,088,140	1,136,770
0 to 17 years	14,155	7,370	6,785	405,260	209,225	196,040
0 to 5 years	4,880	2,580	2,300	129,280	66,790	62,490
18 to 64 years	72,535	33,670	38,865	1,498,060	730,030	768,025
65 years and over	14,890	6,490	8,395	321,595	148,895	172,700
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	18,885	8,575	10,315	375,620	177,360	198,265
0 to 17 years	2,865	1,505	1,355	77,990	40,120	37,875
0 to 5 years	770	410	355	23,285	11,860	11,430
18 to 64 years	13,455	6,005	7,450	241,840	113,305	128,530
65 years and over	2,570	1,060	1,510	55,790	23,935	31,855
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.6	18.0	19.1	16.9	16.3	17.4
0 to 17 years (%)	20.2	20.4	20.0	19.2	19.2	19.3
0 to 5 years (%)	15.8	15.9	15.4	18.0	17.8	18.3
18 to 64 years (%)	18.5	17.8	19.2	16.1	15.5	16.7
65 years and over (%)	17.3	16.3	18.0	17.3	16.1	18.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	17,170	7,770	9,405	324,435	154,570	169,860
0 to 17 years	2,445	1,270	1,180	63,830	32,735	31,095
0 to 5 years	630	330	300	18,425	9,360	9,065
18 to 64 years	12,855	5,750	7,105	224,205	106,675	117,525
65 years and over	1,875	750	1,125	36,400	15,165	21,240
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	16.9	16.3	17.4	14.6	14.2	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	17.3	17.2	17.4	15.8	15.6	15.9
0 to 5 years (%)	12.9	12.8	13.0	14.3	14.0	14.5
18 to 64 years (%)	17.7	17.1	18.3	15.0	14.6	15.3
65 years and over (%)	12.6	11.6	13.4	11.3	10.2	12.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	102,030	47,770	54,260	2,232,545	1,091,990	1,140,560
Official languages	96,895	45,615	51,280	2,100,825	1,037,550	1,063,280
English	96,840	45,590	51,250	2,099,815	1,037,060	1,062,755
French	11,670	4,830	6,845	157,535	70,310	87,225
Non-official languages	51,270	22,825	28,445	1,170,410	551,015	619,395
Aboriginal languages	35	15	20	1,525	645	880
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	480	200	280
Blackfoot	0	0	0	15	0	15
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	10	300	145	155
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	0	85	45	40
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	20	0	15
Woods Cree	10	0	0	15	10	10
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	180	90	95
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malecite	10	10	0	10	10	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	145	40	100
Algonquin	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ojibway	0	0	10	120	35	80
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	85	25	55
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	80	25	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	50	0	40
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	55	30	25
Inuit languages	0	0	0	50	30	30
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	45	15	30
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	35	20	15
Salish languages	20	10	10	505	200	305
Comox	0	0	0	15	0	15
Halkomelem	0	0	0	135	55	80
Lillooet	10	0	0	20	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	35	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	225	100	125
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	15	40
Siouan languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Dakota	0	0	0	20	0	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	160	70	95
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	40	10	30
Nisga'a	0	0	0	65	30	35
Tsimshian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	95	45	55
Haisla	0	0	0	30	0	20
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	10	0	0	40	35	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	51,240	22,810	28,435	1,168,965	550,405	618,560
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,555	765	790	28,595	14,925	13,670
Berber languages	0	0	0	130	80	45
Kabyle	0	0	0	55	30	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	50	20
Cushitic languages	30	20	10	1,875	870	1,010
Bilen	0	0	0	15	10	15
Oromo	25	20	15	190	115	80
Somali	0	0	0	1,670	760	910
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Semitic languages	1,545	760	785	26,850	14,115	12,730
Amharic	35	20	20	1,745	895	850
Arabic	565	290	275	19,520	10,425	9,095
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	0	10	720	340	375
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	0	10	545	270	275
Harari	0	0	0	60	35	20
Hebrew	915	435	475	4,455	2,280	2,175
Maltese	15	15	0	150	80	65
Tigrigna	20	0	15	935	505	425
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	150	130
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	45	45
Austro-Asiatic languages	510	230	285	29,470	14,010	15,460
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	0	20	1,425	615	805
Vietnamese	495	220	275	28,110	13,400	14,705
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	30
Austronesian languages	3,350	1,150	2,200	104,555	43,985	60,565
Bikol	20	0	15	495	200	285
Cebuano	90	30	60	4,135	1,620	2,510
Fijian	0	0	0	975	580	400
Hiligaynon	35	15	20	1,330	580	745
Ilocano	225	80	140	5,600	2,190	3,410
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	10
Malay	290	135	155	6,265	2,970	3,295
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	730	330	400
Pangasinan	15	0	10	435	180	260
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,995	980	2,015	94,500	39,135	55,360
Waray-Waray	10	0	0	255	110	140
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	10	30	1,135	555	580
Creole languages	50	25	25	1,720	930	795
Haitian Creole	0	0	10	55	25	35
Creole, n.o.s.	20	10	10	995	525	470
Creole languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	685	385	295
Dravidian languages	205	130	70	8,725	4,620	4,105
Kannada	20	15	10	435	205	230
Malayalam	70	45	25	2,515	1,350	1,170
Tamil	85	50	35	4,820	2,510	2,310
Telugu	30	25	0	1,385	805	575
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	25	40
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	150	80	75
Indo-European languages	14,065	6,605	7,460	509,685	249,375	260,310
Albanian	30	15	20	1,080	545	535
Armenian	90	40	50	1,390	695	695
Balto-Slavic languages	2,710	1,215	1,490	62,220	29,785	32,440
Baltic languages	55	25	30	570	290	275
Latvian	30	20	10	290	165	125
Lithuanian	25	0	20	280	130	150
Slavic languages	2,680	1,210	1,465	61,820	29,575	32,245
Belarusan	10	10	0	205	90	110
Bosnian	20	10	15	1,695	845	850
Bulgarian	115	55	55	1,915	845	1,065
Croatian	255	105	145	7,535	3,705	3,830
Czech	180	100	85	4,090	1,920	2,165
Macedonian	10	0	0	330	170	160
Polish	410	145	260	13,005	6,225	6,780
Russian	975	455	520	22,865	10,785	12,080
Serbian	495	255	245	7,730	3,965	3,765
Serbo-Croatian	150	55	100	1,215	575	635
Slovak	115	65	50	2,775	1,300	1,465
Slovene (Slovenian)	30	10	25	665	295	365
Ukrainian	190	80	115	5,450	2,395	3,055
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	225	110	115
Celtic languages	95	40	55	1,095	630	465
Scottish Gaelic	30	15	15	310	205	110
Welsh	10	0	0	115	60	60
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	60	20	35	670	365	305
Germanic languages	2,965	1,360	1,605	49,300	23,840	25,465
Afrikaans	190	90	105	3,620	1,875	1,740
Danish	125	55	60	2,100	1,000	1,100
Dutch	280	130	155	7,610	3,625	3,995
Frisian	0	10	0	85	45	40
German	2,135	985	1,145	33,500	16,385	17,110
Icelandic	25	10	10	190	100	90
Norwegian	90	45	45	1,250	645	605
Swedish	160	65	95	2,485	1,090	1,390
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	200	115	90
Yiddish	100	55	50	365	165	195
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	70	40	30
Greek	395	185	210	6,750	3,415	3,330
Indo-Iranian languages	3,100	1,570	1,530	288,160	143,285	144,875
Indo-Aryan languages	2,060	1,040	1,025	240,830	119,440	121,390
Bengali	170	125	50	3,130	1,605	1,520
Gujarati	155	85	75	10,265	4,835	5,430
Hindi	695	375	315	68,905	33,580	35,325
Kashmiri	0	0	0	40	25	20
Konkani	0	0	0	340	165	170
Marathi	25	10	15	1,235	625	610
Nepali	25	15	10	1,145	570	575
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	55	35	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,205	590	615	181,205	90,500	90,700
Sindhi	65	10	55	3,025	1,295	1,730
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	10	20	2,135	1,110	1,030
Urdu	95	55	40	14,055	7,350	6,705
Iranian languages	1,025	530	495	48,325	24,385	23,945
Kurdish	40	25	10	2,075	1,095	975
Pashto	0	0	0	1,525	845	680
Persian (Farsi)	990	510	485	46,055	23,210	22,840
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	750	375	375
Italic (Romance) languages	5,410	2,505	2,905	112,190	53,450	58,740
Catalan	25	15	10	240	125	120
Italian	875	405	470	24,350	11,785	12,560
Portuguese	570	275	290	15,040	7,180	7,865
Romanian	250	120	135	7,855	3,890	3,960
Spanish	4,125	1,880	2,240	70,585	33,290	37,300
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	215	125	85
Japanese	2,320	995	1,320	27,510	11,900	15,615
Kartvelian languages	10	0	10	90	50	45
Georgian	10	10	10	90	50	40
Korean	1,470	635	835	48,680	22,290	26,390
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	315	155	155
Mongolian	10	10	0	315	155	155
Niger-Congo languages	140	80	60	5,615	2,915	2,700
Akan (Twi)	20	0	15	480	270	205
Bamanankan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Edo	10	0	0	115	60	55
Ewe	0	0	10	110	75	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	45	15	35
Ga	0	0	0	90	55	30
Ganda	0	10	0	110	60	45
Igbo	10	10	0	205	125	80
Lingala	0	0	0	225	100	125
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	100	40	65
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	200	90	110
Shona	30	10	20	255	120	140
Swahili	50	35	15	2,565	1,380	1,185
Wolof	0	0	0	30	15	15
Yoruba	20	0	10	505	260	245
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	1,270	580	695
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	10	280	145	135
Dinka	0	0	0	45	35	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	230	110	120
Sign languages	175	50	125	3,230	1,280	1,950
American Sign Language	135	25	110	1,820	605	1,215
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	1,470	695	775
Sino-Tibetan languages	28,255	12,530	15,730	416,185	191,945	224,245
Chinese languages	28,235	12,525	15,710	413,750	190,715	223,040
Cantonese	14,050	6,340	7,705	221,150	102,350	118,795
Hakka	95	40	60	2,490	1,185	1,300
Mandarin	16,995	7,385	9,605	236,910	106,760	130,155
Min Dong	0	10	0	115	55	60
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,285	550	740	15,040	6,665	8,375
Wu (Shanghainese)	345	155	185	5,190	2,260	2,930
Chinese, n.o.s.	510	235	275	8,450	3,850	4,595
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15	180	70	110
Tibeto-Burman languages	40	10	25	2,710	1,355	1,360
Burmese	25	0	25	1,385	685	700
Karenic languages	0	0	0	895	445	445
Tibetan	0	0	0	290	160	130
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	290	135	155
Tai-Kadai languages	175	70	105	3,655	1,475	2,180
Lao	25	10	15	1,080	490	590
Thai	155	60	100	2,760	1,055	1,705
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	110	60	55	5,860	3,180	2,685
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	825	445	380
Turkish	105	55	55	4,795	2,590	2,200
Uyghur	0	0	0	105	50	60
Uzbek	10	0	0	170	95	75
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	225	120	105
Uralic languages	430	205	225	8,130	3,815	4,320
Estonian	20	0	20	365	160	205
Finnish	60	30	30	1,820	690	1,130
Hungarian	355	180	180	5,975	2,970	3,005
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	35	25	10	685	380	300
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	102,030	47,770	54,260	2,232,545	1,091,995	1,140,555
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	87,275	40,925	46,350	1,923,530	945,800	977,725
Canadian citizens aged under 18	12,860	6,820	6,035	370,125	191,590	178,535
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	74,415	34,100	40,315	1,553,405	754,205	799,195
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	14,755	6,845	7,910	309,015	146,190	162,825
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	102,030	47,770	54,255	2,232,550	1,091,990	1,140,555
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	55,930	27,275	28,655	1,216,705	616,680	600,025
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	41,650	18,425	23,225	940,535	438,815	501,725
Before 1981	9,715	4,415	5,300	190,755	91,520	99,230
1981 to 1990	5,125	2,160	2,970	115,735	54,010	61,720
1991 to 2000	10,150	4,565	5,580	239,750	110,660	129,085
2001 to 2010	10,675	4,560	6,115	257,780	118,270	139,510
2001 to 2005	4,535	1,900	2,630	119,690	54,775	64,910
2006 to 2010	6,140	2,660	3,485	138,090	63,495	74,600
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	5,985	2,725	3,260	136,515	64,350	72,170
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	4,450	2,075	2,380	75,310	36,500	38,810
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	41,650	18,425	23,225	940,535	438,810	501,725
Under 5 years	3,490	1,690	1,800	72,970	37,090	35,885
5 to 14 years	7,555	3,840	3,710	149,360	77,155	72,205
15 to 24 years	7,595	3,420	4,170	194,335	88,380	105,955
25 to 44 years	18,680	7,505	11,175	403,665	180,565	223,100
45 years and over	4,330	1,970	2,360	120,195	55,620	64,575
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	41,645	18,420	23,225	940,535	438,810	501,725
Americas	3,110	1,430	1,685	60,695	28,760	31,935
Brazil	125	55	65	2,715	1,115	1,600
Colombia	100	40	60	2,985	1,380	1,610
El Salvador	85	35	50	4,310	2,190	2,120
Guyana	20	0	25	865	405	465
Haiti	0	0	0	245	105	140
Jamaica	70	40	30	2,075	1,090	985
Mexico	370	165	210	7,475	3,280	4,195
Peru	130	50	80	2,595	1,120	1,465
Trinidad and Tobago	90	40	50	1,805	850	955
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,700	810	890	23,620	11,530	12,090
Other places of birth in Americas	430	200	230	12,005	5,700	6,300
Europe	6,915	3,430	3,485	151,850	74,650	77,205
Bosnia and Herzegovina	140	55	85	3,785	1,840	1,950
Croatia	100	50	50	3,855	1,955	1,895
France	350	180	170	3,220	1,675	1,545
Germany	485	215	270	11,330	5,455	5,875
Greece	110	40	75	2,680	1,385	1,300
Hungary	205	125	85	3,420	1,755	1,665
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	315	175	135	3,425	1,890	1,530
Italy	170	120	55	9,955	5,070	4,890
Netherlands	125	75	50	5,015	2,505	2,515
Poland	300	110	185	9,815	4,630	5,185
Portugal	75	35	40	4,460	2,210	2,250
Romania	245	115	130	6,745	3,290	3,455
Russian Federation	405	160	245	8,080	3,485	4,595
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	330	160	175	3,645	1,830	1,815
Ukraine	190	110	80	5,150	2,445	2,700
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,325	1,190	1,135	47,260	23,700	23,565
Other places of birth in Europe	1,035	515	520	20,015	9,530	10,480
Africa	1,145	605	540	30,090	15,220	14,870
Algeria	0	10	0	425	275	150
Egypt	35	25	15	2,020	1,090	930
Ethiopia	55	25	35	1,650	825	830
Kenya	100	50	50	3,895	1,780	2,110
Morocco	50	30	25	695	365	330
Nigeria	30	15	15	1,160	610	550
Somalia	10	0	0	1,010	485	525
South Africa, Republic of	510	270	240	7,130	3,700	3,425
Other places of birth in Africa	340	180	160	12,100	6,075	6,025
Asia	29,885	12,640	17,245	674,920	309,310	365,615
Afghanistan	30	15	15	4,820	2,425	2,395
Bangladesh	55	30	25	1,865	945	920
China^{Census data footnote 59}	12,000	5,135	6,865	180,300	80,410	99,895
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	5,160	2,220	2,945	70,795	32,515	38,280
India	1,005	485	525	121,910	59,425	62,480
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	785	405	375	34,310	17,400	16,910
Iraq	125	50	75	5,145	2,630	2,510
Japan	900	265	635	10,330	3,065	7,265
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	1,070	440	635	35,310	16,025	19,285
Lebanon	75	35	40	1,750	990	765
Pakistan	95	65	30	8,870	4,540	4,325
Philippines	3,035	1,055	1,980	94,910	40,075	54,840
Sri Lanka	60	25	40	4,130	2,155	1,970
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	35	30	10	2,265	1,140	1,130
Taiwan	3,255	1,395	1,855	35,495	15,995	19,500
Viet Nam	460	210	245	23,380	10,925	12,455
Other places of birth in Asia	1,730	780	955	39,350	18,650	20,700
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	590	320	270	22,985	10,875	12,105
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	5,980	2,720	3,260	136,515	64,350	72,165
Americas	645	330	315	9,680	4,945	4,735
Brazil	45	25	20	905	420	485
Colombia	15	0	15	450	215	235
Cuba	0	0	0	65	35	35
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	155	110	45
Mexico	115	50	65	2,210	1,115	1,090
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	405	215	190	3,860	2,075	1,785
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	15	10	10	215	100	115
Other places of birth in Americas	45	35	15	1,810	865	945
Europe	1,000	575	425	12,995	6,715	6,280
France	105	60	50	785	415	365
Germany	55	35	15	755	440	315
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	125	95	35	1,180	740	445
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	0	0	200	110	90
Romania	40	10	30	540	240	305
Russian Federation	40	15	25	1,375	495	885
Ukraine	35	20	10	890	355	535
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	345	215	125	3,520	2,060	1,455
Other places of birth in Europe	255	125	125	3,750	1,860	1,885
Africa	145	75	75	4,145	2,150	1,995
Algeria	0	0	0	55	35	20
Cameroon	20	10	10	55	25	30
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	105	65	45
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	10	10	10
Egypt	10	10	0	515	280	235
Eritrea	0	0	0	295	160	130
Ethiopia	10	0	10	255	140	110
Morocco	0	0	10	110	55	50
Nigeria	0	0	0	355	170	180
Somalia	0	0	0	350	140	210
South Africa, Republic of	35	20	10	700	380	325
Tunisia	0	0	0	70	30	40
Other places of birth in Africa	70	35	35	1,275	665	605
Asia	4,040	1,655	2,390	107,710	49,475	58,235
Afghanistan	0	0	0	860	455	405
Bangladesh	10	10	10	385	180	200
China^{Census data footnote 59}	2,200	925	1,270	32,830	14,595	18,230
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	125	55	70	1,650	695	955
India	90	55	25	21,070	10,555	10,515
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	145	75	70	8,195	4,085	4,105
Iraq	40	20	25	1,825	900	920
Israel	40	25	10	295	170	125
Japan	210	40	165	1,820	460	1,355
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	165	40	125	6,345	2,725	3,620
Lebanon	0	0	10	205	110	95
Nepal	10	0	10	215	90	125
Pakistan	15	0	10	1,590	800	790
Philippines	600	215	380	19,750	8,905	10,840
Saudi Arabia	0	10	0	320	145	175
Sri Lanka	20	10	15	455	230	230
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	10	10	1,765	880	880
Taiwan	105	30	75	2,185	875	1,310
Turkey	45	20	20	360	200	160
United Arab Emirates	20	10	10	300	145	155
Viet Nam	75	35	45	1,505	595	905
Other places of birth in Asia	110	60	50	3,795	1,680	2,115
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	145	85	60	1,985	1,065	925
Australia	90	45	45	1,065	565	505
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	55	45	15	920	500	420
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	102,030	47,770	54,260	2,232,545	1,091,990	1,140,560
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	47,315	21,155	26,155	1,032,710	484,055	548,655
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	26,090	12,710	13,375	559,925	284,835	275,090
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	28,630	13,900	14,725	639,910	323,100	316,810
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	32,530	14,280	18,255	763,565	354,075	409,490
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	23,680	10,735	12,940	441,255	211,760	229,495
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	8,915	4,970	3,945	169,275	99,370	69,905
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	14,760	5,770	8,990	271,985	112,390	159,590
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	6,875	2,610	4,265	241,750	100,285	141,465
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,285	660	620	69,605	37,175	32,435
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	700	270	430	10,950	4,860	6,090
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	102,030	47,765	54,260	2,232,545	1,091,995	1,140,560
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,490	655	840	55,480	26,335	29,145
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,425	625	800	53,775	25,525	28,255
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	820	365	455	32,685	15,505	17,185
Métis	600	250	355	20,710	9,845	10,865
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	380	175	210
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	50	30	25	985	470	515
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	10	715	340	375
Non-Aboriginal identity	100,540	47,115	53,420	2,177,065	1,065,655	1,111,410
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	102,030	47,770	54,260	2,232,550	1,091,990	1,140,560
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	620	280	340	22,140	10,245	11,890
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	101,405	47,485	53,920	2,210,410	1,081,745	1,128,665
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	102,030	47,770	54,260	2,232,545	1,091,995	1,140,555
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	220	100	120	12,620	6,060	6,560
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	205	95	115	12,360	5,925	6,435
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	180	80	105	10,125	4,755	5,370
Métis single ancestry	25	20	10	2,095	1,100	995
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	135	70	65
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	10	260	135	125
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	240	125	120
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	20	15	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,900	835	1,065	54,580	26,120	28,465
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,840	820	1,020	52,405	25,130	27,275
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,270	565	710	34,865	16,750	18,120
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	550	245	305	17,205	8,225	8,980
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	335	160	175
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	60	15	40	2,180	990	1,190
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	20	40	2,100	975	1,130
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	0	20
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	0	15
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	99,910	46,835	53,075	2,165,345	1,059,815	1,105,535
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	102,030	47,770	54,255	2,232,550	1,091,990	1,140,560
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	48,875	21,930	26,945	1,144,970	546,030	598,945
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	3,330	1,615	1,710	280,625	140,390	140,240
Chinese	32,015	14,400	17,615	457,460	213,935	243,525
Black	825	425	395	28,420	14,745	13,675
Filipino	3,740	1,375	2,365	120,745	53,440	67,305
Latin American	1,060	470	595	33,535	15,965	17,565
Arab	475	275	200	16,035	8,595	7,440
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	1,095	480	615	43,435	20,685	22,750
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	955	505	450	44,930	22,905	22,020
Korean	1,630	730	895	50,820	23,480	27,340
Japanese	2,060	815	1,250	28,565	11,915	16,655
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	165	75	85	6,115	3,010	3,105
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	1,525	760	770	34,290	16,960	17,330
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	53,150	25,840	27,315	1,087,575	545,965	541,610
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	102,030	47,765	54,255	2,232,545	1,091,990	1,140,555
North American Aboriginal origins	2,115	935	1,185	67,205	32,175	35,025
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525	665	860	47,395	22,615	24,775
Inuit	15	10	10	570	255	315
Métis	650	285	365	21,695	10,425	11,265
Other North American origins	13,875	6,625	7,250	312,140	156,960	155,180
Acadian	145	50	95	1,380	705	680
American	1,750	790	960	28,500	13,835	14,665
Canadian	12,605	6,065	6,540	291,825	147,020	144,800
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	35	15	25	555	340	220
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	70	40	35
Ontarian	0	10	0	35	25	15
Québécois	50	10	35	695	400	295
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	0	155	70	80
European origins	53,165	25,730	27,430	1,053,015	524,725	528,290
British Isles origins	34,225	16,815	17,405	663,690	331,545	332,150
Channel Islander	0	0	0	140	80	60
Cornish	10	10	0	210	110	100
English	20,620	10,330	10,295	406,645	201,710	204,935
Irish	13,565	6,160	7,400	241,090	116,280	124,810
Manx	45	20	15	685	330	355
Scottish	14,960	7,025	7,935	297,740	146,535	151,200
Welsh	2,295	1,140	1,160	39,220	18,995	20,230
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,990	1,465	1,520	49,025	24,310	24,715
French origins	6,885	3,140	3,745	130,810	63,215	67,595
Alsatian	10	0	0	100	50	55
Breton	0	0	0	40	15	25
Corsican	0	0	0	60	20	35
French	6,875	3,135	3,740	130,700	63,165	67,540
Western European origins (except French origins)	13,390	6,320	7,070	271,345	134,200	137,145
Austrian	1,265	520	745	18,595	8,750	9,845
Bavarian	10	0	10	65	40	25
Belgian	520	255	265	7,230	3,615	3,615
Dutch	2,780	1,305	1,480	66,435	32,920	33,510
Flemish	60	20	35	880	450	425
Frisian	20	0	15	120	35	90
German	9,445	4,490	4,950	193,385	95,745	97,645
Luxembourger	15	0	15	290	155	135
Swiss	580	310	270	9,930	5,035	4,890
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	20	10	0	400	175	225
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	5,290	2,540	2,750	112,610	54,410	58,200
Danish	835	430	405	19,850	9,730	10,125
Finnish	555	265	290	12,345	5,785	6,565
Icelandic	480	235	245	9,410	4,675	4,730
Norwegian	2,130	1,095	1,030	42,585	20,855	21,735
Swedish	1,640	675	960	35,495	16,365	19,130
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	240	105	130	4,600	2,340	2,265
Eastern European origins	13,110	6,095	7,015	228,655	110,750	117,900
Bulgarian	170	80	90	2,830	1,300	1,530
Byelorussian	110	55	60	1,755	900	850
Czech	565	260	305	10,385	5,050	5,330
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	120	45	70	2,095	1,050	1,045
Estonian	165	75	85	2,105	965	1,135
Hungarian	1,445	740	710	23,045	11,435	11,610
Latvian	235	150	90	2,290	1,205	1,085
Lithuanian	540	285	250	3,795	1,835	1,960
Moldovan	15	0	0	690	325	365
Polish	4,125	1,880	2,245	63,150	30,305	32,845
Romanian	855	380	480	15,925	7,710	8,215
Russian	3,350	1,450	1,905	53,225	25,180	28,050
Slovak	295	160	130	5,665	2,640	3,025
Ukrainian	4,050	1,860	2,195	83,080	40,425	42,650
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	305	140	165	2,090	945	1,150
Southern European origins	7,770	3,715	4,055	182,440	90,850	91,590
Albanian	55	35	25	1,235	615	620
Bosnian	50	20	30	2,450	1,205	1,240
Catalan	10	15	0	65	55	10
Croatian	630	325	305	14,520	7,520	7,000
Cypriot	0	0	0	290	155	140
Greek	850	405	445	14,750	7,595	7,160
Italian	3,120	1,590	1,530	81,005	41,110	39,890
Kosovar	0	0	0	170	90	85
Macedonian	45	30	15	825	455	375
Maltese	105	65	40	1,010	555	455
Montenegrin	45	20	25	570	260	310
Portuguese	690	310	385	23,050	11,270	11,780
Serbian	670	325	345	9,740	5,075	4,665
Sicilian	0	0	0	180	110	75
Slovenian	160	75	85	2,780	1,335	1,450
Spanish	2,030	865	1,160	41,780	19,580	22,200
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	140	50	90	2,865	1,275	1,590
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	20	0	25	220	105	120
Other European origins	2,090	1,020	1,070	17,535	9,100	8,440
Basque	35	25	10	445	260	180
Jewish	1,625	800	825	10,545	5,440	5,100
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	15	305	115	195
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	10	10	485	240	240
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	415	195	220	5,890	3,095	2,795
Caribbean origins	595	285	310	15,210	7,630	7,575
Antiguan	10	0	10	130	60	65
Bahamian	0	0	0	150	85	60
Barbadian	60	30	35	1,225	640	580
Bermudan	10	0	0	135	70	70
Carib	0	10	0	60	40	20
Cuban	35	25	15	800	415	385
Dominican	30	15	15	495	225	270
Grenadian	0	0	0	280	155	130
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian	15	0	0	595	270	330
Jamaican	140	75	60	5,960	3,125	2,830
Kittitian/Nevisian	15	0	10	95	50	50
Martinican	0	0	0	20	0	20
Montserratan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Puerto Rican	20	0	20	255	120	135
St. Lucian	0	0	0	115	55	60
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	165	95	70	2,955	1,490	1,465
Vincentian/Grenadinian	20	15	10	295	130	165
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	55	25	35	1,365	615	750
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	40	0	30	1,325	615	700
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,910	915	1,000	46,745	22,670	24,070
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	85	50	35	1,650	845	805
Arawak	0	0	0	50	20	25
Argentinian	75	55	25	1,275	580	700
Belizean	0	0	0	35	20	20
Bolivian	10	0	10	180	60	115
Brazilian	210	100	110	3,900	1,770	2,135
Chilean	155	80	80	3,645	1,750	1,895
Colombian	180	85	90	4,460	2,190	2,270
Costa Rican	10	10	0	450	225	225
Ecuadorian	35	15	15	725	350	380
Guatemalan	40	30	15	1,935	1,025	905
Guyanese	70	45	30	1,170	620	555
Hispanic	45	20	30	1,185	565	620
Honduran	10	0	0	1,100	570	530
Maya	0	0	10	590	310	280
Mexican	725	350	380	14,140	6,745	7,400
Nicaraguan	15	0	10	1,005	445	560
Panamanian	10	0	0	190	100	85
Paraguayan	10	0	0	225	130	100
Peruvian	150	45	100	2,920	1,370	1,550
Salvadorean	100	40	65	5,170	2,645	2,520
Uruguayan	0	0	0	260	125	125
Venezuelan	80	40	40	1,490	710	780
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	80	45	35	2,360	1,170	1,200
African origins	1,440	720	720	38,515	19,760	18,755
Central and West African origins	160	70	85	4,760	2,565	2,195
Akan	0	0	0	30	20	10
Angolan	0	0	0	50	25	25
Ashanti	0	0	0	65	25	40
Beninese	15	10	10	25	15	15
Burkinabe	0	0	0	20	15	10
Cameroonian	0	0	0	90	50	40
Chadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Congolese	10	10	0	680	355	320
Edo	0	0	0	60	40	15
Ewe	0	0	0	55	25	25
Gabonese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gambian	0	10	0	15	10	0
Ghanaian	35	20	15	1,190	665	530
Guinean	0	0	0	125	40	80
Ibo	0	0	10	205	115	80
Ivorian	0	0	0	45	25	15
Liberian	0	0	0	205	90	115
Malian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	60	25	35	1,605	885	720
Peulh	0	0	0	20	10	15
Senegalese	10	0	0	50	35	15
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	90	45	50
Togolese	0	0	0	80	50	35
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	10	25	130	70	60
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	10	355	170	190
North African origins	340	180	160	7,065	3,705	3,360
Algerian	0	0	0	600	350	250
Berber	15	0	10	185	115	70
Coptic	0	0	0	110	65	50
Dinka	0	0	0	15	0	10
Egyptian	85	45	40	3,265	1,700	1,565
Libyan	15	10	10	180	125	50
Maure	0	0	0	105	40	65
Moroccan	205	105	100	1,445	775	675
Sudanese	0	0	0	905	395	515
Tunisian	30	10	15	375	205	170
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	0	0	165	95	65
Southern and East African origins	580	300	280	16,175	8,165	8,015
Afrikaner	25	15	10	320	145	175
Amhara	0	0	0	115	60	55
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	235	125	110
Burundian	0	0	0	185	80	110
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	20	0	15	950	505	445
Ethiopian	20	15	0	2,005	1,045	955
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	15	0	1,125	550	575
Malagasy	0	0	0	80	50	30
Mauritian	20	10	15	735	415	325
Oromo	25	10	10	120	75	50
Rwandan	0	0	0	305	165	140
Seychellois	10	10	0	15	10	0
Somali	0	10	0	2,080	1,000	1,080
South African	315	170	140	5,680	2,870	2,810
Tanzanian	15	10	0	400	165	230
Tigrian	0	0	0	185	100	85
Ugandan	10	10	0	565	290	280
Zambian	10	0	0	110	55	50
Zimbabwean	85	25	60	520	265	255
Zulu	10	0	10	50	10	35
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	20	0	15	1,290	660	640
Other African origins	370	165	205	11,115	5,645	5,470
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	10	0	1,405	720	685
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	360	160	205	9,800	4,970	4,835
Asian origins	48,395	21,675	26,715	1,088,735	518,200	570,535
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	2,940	1,525	1,420	83,305	42,995	40,310
Afghan	90	55	30	7,435	3,760	3,675
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	200	110	90	4,450	2,415	2,030
Armenian	220	115	100	2,685	1,390	1,300
Assyrian	10	0	0	450	240	205
Azerbaijani	20	10	10	890	515	375
Georgian	55	25	30	490	275	215
Hazara	0	0	0	50	30	25
Iranian	1,135	580	555	43,040	21,805	21,235
Iraqi	120	35	80	5,100	2,585	2,515
Israeli	290	145	145	1,960	1,030	930
Jordanian	10	0	0	585	310	270
Kazakh	10	10	0	275	175	95
Kurd	60	45	15	1,980	1,080	900
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	100	70	30
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	135	65	65
Lebanese	310	170	140	4,880	2,590	2,290
Palestinian	55	30	25	2,185	1,160	1,025
Pashtun	10	10	10	310	175	135
Saudi Arabian	20	0	15	545	325	225
Syrian	100	55	40	2,695	1,310	1,385
Tajik	15	15	0	240	125	115
Tatar	50	15	35	615	295	320
Turk	275	145	135	5,045	2,790	2,250
Turkmen	0	0	0	70	45	30
Uighur	10	0	0	100	45	55
Uzbek	0	0	0	250	135	110
Yemeni	10	0	0	250	155	95
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	125	55	75	2,070	1,070	1,000
South Asian origins	3,495	1,730	1,765	277,380	138,690	138,690
Bangladeshi	85	70	15	1,500	745	760
Bengali	55	35	20	755	350	400
Bhutanese	0	0	0	95	50	45
East Indian	2,985	1,440	1,545	234,075	116,680	117,390
Goan	25	15	10	260	115	140
Gujarati	15	0	10	605	290	320
Kashmiri	0	0	0	145	75	70
Nepali	20	10	10	1,135	545	595
Pakistani	110	75	35	10,375	5,380	4,995
Punjabi	130	65	65	29,710	15,035	14,670
Sinhalese	10	0	10	505	280	230
Sri Lankan	90	45	50	5,000	2,620	2,380
Tamil	15	0	10	1,035	565	470
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	80	40	40	6,975	3,445	3,525
East and Southeast Asian origins	42,240	18,630	23,610	733,575	339,315	394,260
Burmese	35	10	25	1,930	980	950
Cambodian (Khmer)	45	15	35	2,465	1,175	1,295
Chinese	32,475	14,635	17,840	481,635	225,825	255,815
Filipino	4,255	1,610	2,645	131,185	58,395	72,785
Hmong	0	0	0	115	55	55
Indonesian	285	160	125	4,630	2,205	2,430
Japanese	2,535	1,050	1,490	35,690	15,425	20,260
Karen	0	0	0	875	440	440
Korean	1,800	840	965	53,260	24,700	28,560
Laotian	35	15	20	1,710	835	875
Malaysian	185	65	120	4,050	1,875	2,175
Mongolian	50	30	20	960	475	485
Singaporean	40	10	30	880	420	465
Taiwanese	2,115	920	1,195	19,255	8,860	10,400
Thai	160	75	90	3,195	1,260	1,935
Tibetan	10	10	0	420	215	205
Vietnamese	695	325	365	33,845	16,495	17,355
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	35	20	20	595	255	340
Other Asian origins	55	0	45	1,725	880	845
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	55	10	50	1,725	880	850
Oceania origins	865	400	465	25,210	12,600	12,610
Australian	510	210	300	7,585	3,975	3,610
New Zealander	210	105	100	3,025	1,550	1,475
Pacific Islands origins	170	90	75	15,000	7,300	7,700
Fijian	90	60	30	12,830	6,265	6,565
Hawaiian	15	10	10	770	330	440
Maori	45	10	30	480	280	195
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	10	0	310	135	175
Samoan	0	0	0	185	105	85
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	10	645	320	330
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	48,400	...	...	883,245	...	...
Owner	23,185	...	...	550,275	...	...
Renter	25,215	...	...	332,810	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	48,400	...	...	883,245	...	...
Condominium	16,510	...	...	276,730	...	...
Not condominium	31,890	...	...	606,515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	48,400	...	...	883,245	...	...
No bedrooms	1,430	...	...	16,985	...	...
1 bedroom	18,830	...	...	200,890	...	...
2 bedrooms	13,760	...	...	240,165	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,625	...	...	191,180	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,750	...	...	234,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	48,400	...	...	883,240	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	28,925	...	...	396,550	...	...
5 rooms	5,955	...	...	118,275	...	...
6 rooms	3,510	...	...	89,880	...	...
7 rooms	2,570	...	...	73,435	...	...
8 or more rooms	7,440	...	...	205,110	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.8	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	48,400	...	...	883,240	...	...
One person or fewer per room	47,300	...	...	850,765	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,105	...	...	32,480	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	48,400	...	...	883,240	...	...
Suitable	45,085	...	...	814,795	...	...
Not suitable	3,320	...	...	68,450	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	48,405	...	...	883,245	...	...
1960 or before	13,195	...	...	122,750	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,190	...	...	230,545	...	...
1981 to 1990	7,325	...	...	135,485	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,745	...	...	158,470	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,865	...	...	65,985	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,115	...	...	89,035	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,965	...	...	80,975	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	48,400	...	...	883,245	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	44,750	...	...	832,180	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,645	...	...	51,065	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	48,400	...	...	883,240	...	...
1 household maintainer	31,260	...	...	512,085	...	...
2 household maintainers	15,945	...	...	332,655	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,195	...	...	38,505	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	48,400	...	...	883,240	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,240	...	...	29,520	...	...
25 to 34 years	10,125	...	...	137,090	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,680	...	...	160,625	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,650	...	...	193,410	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,845	...	...	170,605	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,730	...	...	111,315	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,825	...	...	58,140	...	...
85 years and over	1,305	...	...	22,540	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	48,245	...	...	877,985	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	30,905	...	...	591,975	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	17,345	...	...	286,005	...	...
30% to less than 100%	12,980	...	...	226,005	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	23,190	...	...	548,250	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	49.6	...	...	61.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	28.5	...	...	26.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,348	...	...	1,396	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,857	...	...	1,624	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	1,197,871	...	...	799,287	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	1,724,518	...	...	1,000,757	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	25,215	...	...	331,515	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.3	...	...	13.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.8	...	...	43.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,209	...	...	1,135	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,342	...	...	1,238	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	90,250	41,485	48,760	1,900,040	920,145	979,890
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,975	3,325	3,650	266,925	129,245	137,675
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	19,845	9,315	10,530	540,290	265,530	274,755
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	63,430	28,850	34,585	1,092,830	525,365	567,460
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,360	2,115	1,240	118,890	84,305	34,590
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,805	980	825	55,430	31,840	23,590
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,555	1,135	420	63,465	52,465	11,000
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,125	5,485	7,635	313,640	132,890	180,750
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,215	1,285	1,925	71,695	30,480	41,220
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	43,740	19,965	23,780	588,600	277,695	310,905
Bachelor's degree	26,850	12,095	14,755	389,230	178,895	210,330
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,810	1,145	1,670	40,940	17,380	23,560
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,085	1,190	900	16,535	8,865	7,665
Master's degree	9,800	4,320	5,480	120,380	59,210	61,170
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	2,190	1,220	965	21,515	13,345	8,175
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	63,300	29,365	33,930	1,291,800	624,335	667,460
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,115	1,080	1,035	105,180	54,450	50,730
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,240	5,170	5,065	312,250	156,265	155,990
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	50,945	23,110	27,835	874,370	413,625	460,745
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,385	1,540	845	85,045	60,810	24,235
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,260	705	550	39,550	22,855	16,695
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,125	840	290	45,485	37,950	7,535
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,195	4,380	5,820	245,380	104,225	141,160
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,405	975	1,430	54,305	22,785	31,520
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	35,955	16,215	19,740	489,645	225,810	263,835
Bachelor's degree	21,915	9,855	12,060	322,305	146,030	176,280
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,270	930	1,350	33,130	13,730	19,400
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,620	850	765	13,280	6,570	6,710
Master's degree	8,440	3,640	4,800	104,165	49,620	54,540
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,705	940	760	16,760	9,860	6,900
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	90,250	41,490	48,760	1,900,040	920,145	979,890
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	26,815	12,635	14,180	807,210	394,780	412,435
Education	3,340	695	2,645	61,775	13,605	48,175
13. Education	3,340	695	2,645	61,775	13,600	48,175
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	5,290	2,315	2,975	63,195	29,315	33,875
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	620	480	135	10,775	8,165	2,610
50. Visual and performing arts	4,675	1,840	2,835	52,420	21,155	31,265
Humanities	5,035	1,990	3,050	74,485	28,185	46,295
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	730	215	515	10,480	2,430	8,050
23. English language and literature/letters	1,675	555	1,120	21,135	6,565	14,570
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,105	445	665	23,255	8,985	14,270
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	55	25	30	310	120	190
38. Philosophy and religious studies	340	215	120	3,760	2,275	1,485
39. Theology and religious vocations	235	120	120	4,840	2,905	1,930
54. History	680	380	305	8,555	4,485	4,075
55. French language and literature/letters	215	35	185	2,150	415	1,735
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10,625	4,090	6,535	144,680	53,740	90,940
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	280	75	210	2,515	665	1,855
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,320	415	905	15,575	5,655	9,915
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	690	65	625	17,685	1,670	16,020
22. Legal professions and studies	1,745	835	910	22,605	8,545	14,065
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	190	55	135	2,495	735	1,760
42. Psychology	2,085	550	1,535	24,570	6,930	17,645
45. Social sciences	4,310	2,095	2,215	59,235	29,550	29,680
Business, management and public administration	12,970	5,795	7,180	239,635	102,830	136,805
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	380	125	255
44. Public administration and social service professions	610	130	480	9,475	2,280	7,195
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	12,360	5,660	6,695	229,780	100,430	129,355
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,190	2,095	2,095	52,365	27,410	24,955
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,145	1,000	1,145	21,265	9,585	11,680
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	810	330	485	12,560	6,150	6,415
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	50	10	35	585	140	440
40. Physical sciences	1,145	750	395	16,525	11,015	5,515
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	0	35	1,430	520	905
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,065	1,900	1,170	53,805	35,280	18,530
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,155	1,505	650	42,720	30,285	12,440
25. Library science	285	50	230	3,000	475	2,530
27. Mathematics and statistics	590	315	280	7,520	4,155	3,360
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	30	10	565	365	205
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,520	6,085	1,440	193,580	169,580	24,000
04. Architecture and related services	1,025	600	425	10,645	6,720	3,925
14. Engineering	3,640	2,830	810	69,650	55,940	13,710
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,000	885	115	30,625	27,030	3,600
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	30	20	10
46. Construction trades	845	810	35	34,990	33,865	1,125
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	730	700	30	32,055	31,075	980
48. Precision production	285	265	25	15,580	14,925	655
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	905	475	435	15,165	8,495	6,660
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	470	210	260	9,165	4,840	4,330
03. Natural resources and conservation	435	260	175	5,995	3,660	2,335
Health and related fields	8,680	2,550	6,135	145,865	33,720	112,140
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	640	335	310	11,450	6,060	5,390
51. Health professions and related programs	7,325	1,815	5,505	129,545	25,020	104,525
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	715	390	315	4,860	2,645	2,225
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,780	860	920	48,085	23,145	24,940
12. Personal and culinary services	1,425	570	855	33,805	11,260	22,540
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	80	75	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	240	230	15
43. Security and protective services	105	70	30	5,240	3,890	1,345
49. Transportation and materials moving	250	215	30	8,720	7,690	1,035
Other	20	0	20	200	60	140
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	0	15	195	60	140
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	63,295	29,365	33,930	1,291,800	624,335	667,460
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	12,355	6,255	6,100	417,425	210,710	206,715
Education	2,280	485	1,790	44,025	9,175	34,855
13. Education	2,280	490	1,790	44,025	9,175	34,855
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	4,430	1,960	2,465	51,560	23,845	27,710
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	520	400	120	8,655	6,625	2,030
50. Visual and performing arts	3,910	1,560	2,350	42,900	17,215	25,685
Humanities	3,890	1,555	2,345	59,050	21,695	37,355
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	580	160	415	8,480	1,785	6,700
23. English language and literature/letters	1,295	450	845	16,570	5,065	11,505
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	895	360	535	18,900	7,095	11,800
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	45	20	30	245	100	150
38. Philosophy and religious studies	270	165	100	2,955	1,750	1,205
39. Theology and religious vocations	175	80	100	3,620	2,175	1,450
54. History	490	295	200	6,675	3,415	3,260
55. French language and literature/letters	140	20	125	1,595	310	1,280
Social and behavioural sciences and law	8,680	3,225	5,450	118,995	43,000	75,995
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	245	65	175	2,175	555	1,620
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,165	370	790	13,385	4,740	8,640
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	500	55	440	14,085	1,335	12,750
22. Legal professions and studies	1,420	615	805	18,775	6,460	12,305
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	145	40	110	2,025	595	1,430
42. Psychology	1,725	455	1,270	19,830	5,405	14,420
45. Social sciences	3,480	1,625	1,855	48,730	23,900	24,830
Business, management and public administration	10,790	4,745	6,045	198,005	83,595	114,405
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	290	105	185
44. Public administration and social service professions	445	85	360	7,585	1,770	5,815
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,340	4,655	5,685	190,120	81,715	108,405
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,325	1,685	1,640	40,320	20,490	19,825
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,745	820	925	17,125	7,580	9,545
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	605	260	350	9,300	4,405	4,895
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	10	20	470	110	360
40. Physical sciences	915	585	330	12,430	8,045	4,380
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	1,000	355	640
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,665	1,675	995	47,530	31,440	16,095
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,975	1,380	595	39,005	27,670	11,335
25. Library science	200	35	170	2,215	360	1,860
27. Mathematics and statistics	460	240	225	5,830	3,105	2,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	25	10	480	300	180
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,960	4,690	1,270	150,180	129,190	20,985
04. Architecture and related services	865	465	395	8,610	5,120	3,490
14. Engineering	2,990	2,275	715	57,145	44,765	12,380
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	760	665	90	22,950	20,015	2,930
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	30	20	10
46. Construction trades	640	615	25	26,405	25,520	890
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	505	485	20	24,325	23,545	775
48. Precision production	205	180	25	10,710	10,205	510
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	735	385	350	12,215	6,590	5,625
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	405	190	215	7,325	3,705	3,615
03. Natural resources and conservation	335	195	135	4,890	2,885	2,010
Health and related fields	6,725	1,975	4,745	115,615	26,720	88,895
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	560	295	260	9,115	4,765	4,345
51. Health professions and related programs	5,635	1,415	4,220	102,700	20,060	82,645
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	525	260	260	3,805	1,895	1,905
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,450	740	710	36,725	17,840	18,885
12. Personal and culinary services	1,145	500	645	25,475	8,595	16,880
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	40	35	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	95	95	0
43. Security and protective services	95	55	35	4,315	3,155	1,165
49. Transportation and materials moving	210	175	30	6,805	5,965	840
Other	20	0	15	155	50	110
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	15	160	45	115
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	90,250	41,490	48,760	1,900,035	920,145	979,895
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,820	12,640	14,175	807,210	394,780	412,430
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	63,435	28,850	34,585	1,092,830	525,365	567,460
Location of study inside Canada	44,165	20,290	23,875	735,495	356,215	379,280
Same as province or territory of residence	32,945	15,025	17,920	596,135	285,120	311,020
Different than province or territory of residence	11,220	5,265	5,955	139,360	71,095	68,260
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	19,270	8,565	10,710	357,335	169,155	188,180
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	3,190	1,655	1,530	38,305	21,345	16,960
Philippines	1,515	405	1,110	47,115	17,590	29,525
India	335	200	140	34,140	16,925	17,210
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	2,265	1,095	1,170	29,370	15,985	13,385
China^{Census data footnote 162}	3,445	1,405	2,040	54,415	24,405	30,015
France	305	160	145	3,225	1,785	1,440
Other	8,215	3,640	4,580	150,765	71,120	79,645
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	63,295	29,365	33,935	1,291,800	624,335	667,460
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,355	6,255	6,100	417,425	210,715	206,715
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	50,940	23,110	27,835	874,370	413,625	460,750
Location of study inside Canada	35,975	16,665	19,315	589,395	283,680	305,715
Same as province or territory of residence	26,950	12,320	14,630	480,905	228,065	252,840
Different than province or territory of residence	9,025	4,345	4,685	108,490	55,615	52,875
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	14,965	6,450	8,520	284,975	129,945	155,030
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	2,395	1,215	1,180	29,085	15,820	13,265
Philippines	1,230	320	905	40,315	14,890	25,425
India	240	140	105	28,810	13,640	15,175
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,595	780	810	19,650	10,555	9,095
China^{Census data footnote 162}	2,970	1,165	1,805	46,810	20,510	26,300
France	260	140	120	2,725	1,530	1,190
Other	6,285	2,690	3,590	117,585	53,005	64,585
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	90,250	41,485	48,760	1,900,040	920,150	979,890
In the labour force	60,750	29,880	30,870	1,254,970	651,175	603,795
Employed	57,530	28,325	29,205	1,181,150	614,060	567,095
Unemployed	3,220	1,550	1,665	73,820	37,120	36,700
Not in the labour force	29,500	11,610	17,890	645,075	268,970	376,100
Participation rate	67.3	72.0	63.3	66.0	70.8	61.6
Employment rate	63.7	68.3	59.9	62.2	66.7	57.9
Unemployment rate	5.3	5.2	5.4	5.9	5.7	6.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	90,250	41,490	48,760	1,900,040	920,145	979,890
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	27,025	10,495	16,530	607,765	252,805	354,965
Worked	63,225	30,995	32,230	1,292,280	667,350	624,930
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	29,245	15,615	13,625	608,070	345,905	262,165
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	33,975	15,370	18,605	684,210	321,440	362,765
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	42.9	41.7	42.2	43.0	41.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	60,750	29,875	30,875	1,254,970	651,180	603,795
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	910	405	510	23,720	11,050	12,665
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	59,835	29,475	30,365	1,231,245	640,125	591,125
Employee	49,525	23,620	25,905	1,069,780	539,220	530,560
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	10,315	5,855	4,460	161,465	100,900	60,565
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	60,750	29,880	30,875	1,254,970	651,175	603,795
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	910	405	510	23,725	11,055	12,665
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	59,835	29,470	30,365	1,231,250	640,125	591,125
0 Management occupations	8,310	4,875	3,440	140,725	87,265	53,460
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10,610	3,805	6,800	205,730	66,355	139,375
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,660	4,190	1,470	95,160	74,630	20,530
3 Health occupations	5,335	1,780	3,560	77,995	18,655	59,340
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	8,735	3,170	5,560	136,970	45,670	91,300
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,780	2,395	2,385	57,880	29,850	28,030
6 Sales and service occupations	12,090	5,465	6,620	310,530	138,420	172,110
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,185	3,005	180	154,335	145,410	8,925
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	405	340	70	15,135	10,395	4,740
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	725	450	275	36,780	23,465	13,310
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	60,750	29,875	30,870	1,254,965	651,180	603,790
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	910	405	510	23,720	11,055	12,670
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	59,835	29,475	30,365	1,231,245	640,125	591,125
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	260	165	95	10,325	5,340	4,980
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	215	150	70	4,045	2,890	1,150
22 Utilities	235	115	120	6,325	4,060	2,265
23 Construction	2,420	2,000	425	89,035	77,825	11,210
31-33 Manufacturing	2,100	1,380	720	78,265	52,420	25,845
41 Wholesale trade	1,880	1,150	730	50,820	33,080	17,745
44-45 Retail trade	5,905	2,720	3,185	139,465	65,525	73,940
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,100	1,435	665	68,470	53,005	15,470
51 Information and cultural industries	3,230	2,030	1,195	47,820	30,085	17,735
52 Finance and insurance	3,335	1,660	1,680	60,870	26,910	33,965
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	2,490	1,285	1,210	32,600	17,940	14,660
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	8,700	4,890	3,810	123,930	69,685	54,250
55 Management of companies and enterprises	190	85	100	2,915	1,330	1,585
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,120	1,145	980	56,980	32,965	24,005
61 Educational services	6,300	2,370	3,935	92,000	31,715	60,285
62 Health care and social assistance	7,545	2,155	5,390	127,730	26,480	101,255
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,655	795	865	28,825	14,610	14,210
72 Accommodation and food services	4,360	2,150	2,210	105,250	46,385	58,865
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,650	810	1,840	56,140	23,020	33,120
91 Public administration	2,130	985	1,150	49,430	24,855	24,570
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	57,530	28,325	29,205	1,181,150	614,055	567,095
Worked at home	6,515	3,215	3,305	92,405	46,635	45,770
Worked outside Canada	885	600	285	11,785	8,375	3,410
No fixed workplace address	5,755	3,700	2,055	155,895	113,750	42,145
Worked at usual place	44,370	20,805	23,560	921,070	445,300	475,770
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	44,370	20,810	23,560	921,070	445,295	475,770
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	30,515	13,225	17,290	409,385	181,535	227,850
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	13,415	7,310	6,105	495,660	254,300	241,360
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	295	180	115	12,280	7,095	5,190
Commute to a different province or territory	140	90	50	3,740	2,370	1,370
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	50,120	24,505	25,615	1,076,960	559,045	517,920
Car, truck, van - as a driver	23,190	12,860	10,330	679,310	383,645	295,665
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,510	475	1,030	54,145	20,960	33,185
Public transit	15,015	6,345	8,665	229,800	97,650	132,150
Walked	6,235	2,325	3,910	73,885	32,200	41,680
Bicycle	3,485	2,125	1,355	26,595	17,150	9,450
Other method	690	370	320	13,220	7,440	5,785
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	50,125	24,510	25,620	1,076,965	559,045	517,915
Less than 15 minutes	9,110	4,180	4,935	189,095	85,915	103,190
15 to 29 minutes	20,455	10,235	10,220	353,215	180,500	172,720
30 to 44 minutes	13,650	6,595	7,050	286,050	157,380	128,675
45 to 59 minutes	4,400	2,225	2,175	129,420	70,530	58,895
60 minutes and over	2,500	1,270	1,230	119,175	64,725	54,445
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	50,125	24,510	25,615	1,076,960	559,045	517,915
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,465	860	605	69,385	47,230	22,160
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,570	3,200	2,370	167,410	100,390	67,020
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	12,080	5,800	6,275	261,060	131,075	129,980
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	14,830	6,815	8,015	243,835	113,550	130,285
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10,310	4,935	5,380	171,790	79,080	92,710
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,870	2,900	2,975	163,480	87,720	75,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	65,220	31,900	33,325	1,339,645	690,215	649,430
Single responses	63,770	31,225	32,550	1,299,840	670,580	629,255
Official languages	60,645	29,565	31,075	1,227,660	632,165	595,495
English	60,430	29,520	30,905	1,224,650	631,320	593,335
French	215	45	170	3,005	845	2,160
Non-official languages	3,130	1,655	1,470	72,180	38,420	33,765
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,130	1,650	1,475	72,180	38,420	33,765
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10	390	245	140
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	10	380	250	135
Amharic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Arabic	0	10	0	270	200	75
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	25	20	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	75	25	50
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	1,810	825	985
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Vietnamese	20	10	15	1,790	805	985
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	0	735	355	375
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	55	35	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	10	625	295	325
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	30	15	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	125	70	55	16,950	9,775	7,170
Albanian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	20	700	330	365
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic languages	30	10	20	685	325	360
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bulgarian	10	0	0	10	10	10
Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Czech	0	0	0	25	15	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Polish	10	10	0	85	45	50
Russian	15	0	15	420	180	240
Serbian	0	0	0	75	45	30
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	10	20	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	10	305	165	140
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dutch	0	0	0	60	35	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	10	180	90	90
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	30	20	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	55	25	25
Indo-Iranian languages	10	15	0	14,275	8,435	5,840
Indo-Aryan languages	0	10	0	13,220	7,730	5,495
Bengali	0	0	0	15	15	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	15	25
Hindi	0	0	0	260	155	105
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	25	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	10	0	12,840	7,510	5,325
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	45	25	20
Iranian languages	0	10	0	1,050	705	340
Kurdish	10	10	0	25	20	10
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	1,025	685	340
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	35	30	1,610	805	800
Catalan	10	0	0	0	10	0
Italian	0	0	0	80	30	50
Portuguese	30	15	15	485	245	240
Romanian	0	0	0	65	35	20
Spanish	30	10	15	965	485	485
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	140	65	80	1,495	570	920
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Korean	65	50	20	4,900	2,640	2,260
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	0	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	160	55	110
American Sign Language	0	0	0	125	30	95
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	0	30	25	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,730	1,450	1,280	45,505	23,810	21,700
Chinese languages	2,730	1,450	1,285	45,440	23,770	21,665
Cantonese	875	480	395	22,705	11,530	11,175
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mandarin	1,780	920	855	21,690	11,715	9,975
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	10	195	110	85
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	45	25	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	30	30	795	380	415
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	65	35	25
Burmese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	0	95	45	50
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	0	95	45	50
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	45	30	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	25	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Multiple responses	1,450	675	770	39,810	19,635	20,175
English and French	150	50	105	2,605	1,145	1,460
English and non-official language	1,280	620	660	36,825	18,350	18,475
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	25	10
English, French and non-official language	20	0	15	340	120	220
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	65,220	31,900	33,325	1,339,650	690,215	649,430
None	58,375	28,710	29,665	1,206,625	623,940	582,685
English	1,430	645	785	29,335	15,085	14,250
French	860	380	480	10,950	4,845	6,105
Non-official language	4,365	2,070	2,295	90,340	45,170	45,170
Aboriginal	10	0	0	105	45	60
Non-Aboriginal	4,360	2,065	2,295	90,240	45,125	45,110
English and French	0	0	0	35	20	15
English and non-official language	80	40	40	1,105	540	565
French and non-official language	110	50	55	1,255	605	640
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	101,045	47,225	53,820	2,210,895	1,080,940	1,129,960
Non-movers	82,985	38,655	44,335	1,858,680	907,245	951,430
Movers	18,060	8,570	9,490	352,215	173,695	178,525
Non-migrants	11,210	5,325	5,885	194,285	95,535	98,745
Migrants	6,850	3,245	3,605	157,935	78,155	79,780
Internal migrants	4,090	1,895	2,195	106,235	52,660	53,575
Intraprovincial migrants	2,640	1,245	1,400	84,140	41,375	42,760
Interprovincial migrants	1,450	650	795	22,095	11,280	10,815
External migrants	2,760	1,350	1,410	51,700	25,495	26,200
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	97,740	45,485	52,255	2,124,795	1,036,430	1,088,370
Non-movers	50,255	23,200	27,055	1,187,710	578,795	608,915
Movers	47,485	22,285	25,200	937,085	457,630	479,450
Non-migrants	26,290	12,530	13,765	480,925	234,705	246,225
Migrants	21,195	9,755	11,440	456,160	222,930	233,230
Internal migrants	11,875	5,375	6,500	278,630	136,965	141,665
Intraprovincial migrants	7,375	3,400	3,975	221,050	108,465	112,590
Interprovincial migrants	4,495	1,970	2,525	57,580	28,500	29,080
External migrants	9,320	4,385	4,940	177,525	85,965	91,565

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Vancouver Granville [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Vancouver [Population centre], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 18, 2025).

Date modified:: 2024-07-12

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vancouver Granville [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Vancouver [Population centre], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census Vancouver Granville [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Vancouver [Population centre], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vancouver Granville [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Vancouver [Population centre], British Columbia