Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brockville [Population centre], Ontario and Greater Vancouver, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic Brockville
Ontario
[Population centre]
Greater Vancouver, RD
British Columbia
[Census division]
Data quality , Brockville [Population centre], Ontario  Map : Brockville [Population centre], Ontario
Change geography 1
Data quality : Greater Vancouver, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia  Map : geography 2
Change geography 2
Total Male Female Total Male Female
Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1 21,854 ... ... 2,463,431 ... ...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1 22,286 r ... ... 2,313,328 ... ...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016 -1.9 ... ... 6.5 ... ...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2 10,893 ... ... 1,027,613 ... ...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3 10,322 ... ... 960,894 ... ...
Population density per square kilometre 1,167.8 ... ... 854.6 ... ...
Land area in square kilometres 18.71 ... ... 2,882.68 ... ...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4 21,855 10,250 11,600 2,463,430 1,202,175 1,261,255
0 to 14 years 2,780 1,410 1,365 362,110 186,780 175,330
0 to 4 years 865 455 410 116,270 60,045 56,220
5 to 9 years 940 465 475 122,730 63,390 59,345
10 to 14 years 975 500 480 123,110 63,340 59,765
15 to 64 years 13,180 6,415 6,765 1,714,005 838,860 875,145
15 to 19 years 1,150 575 575 142,280 73,180 69,100
20 to 24 years 1,215 605 615 167,270 85,385 81,890
25 to 29 years 1,150 600 555 179,940 89,305 90,635
30 to 34 years 1,075 545 535 182,630 89,925 92,705
35 to 39 years 1,025 495 530 167,950 81,090 86,860
40 to 44 years 1,175 560 615 168,370 79,445 88,930
45 to 49 years 1,260 620 635 184,285 87,850 96,440
50 to 54 years 1,665 755 910 191,375 93,230 98,140
55 to 59 years 1,835 900 930 177,095 85,595 91,505
60 to 64 years 1,635 765 870 152,805 73,865 78,940
65 years and over 5,895 2,420 3,475 387,315 176,530 210,780
65 to 69 years 1,660 725 935 131,035 62,615 68,420
70 to 74 years 1,340 600 740 89,675 42,495 47,180
75 to 79 years 1,085 440 645 66,510 30,605 35,905
80 to 84 years 865 360 510 48,820 21,960 26,860
85 years and over 940 295 650 51,280 18,860 32,420
85 to 89 years 545 190 365 31,475 12,740 18,735
90 to 94 years 295 85 210 14,875 4,905 9,965
95 to 99 years 90 20 70 4,195 1,055 3,140
100 years and over 10 0 10 740 155 580
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
0 to 14 years 12.7 13.8 11.8 14.7 15.5 13.9
15 to 64 years 60.3 62.6 58.3 69.6 69.8 69.4
65 years and over 27.0 23.6 30.0 15.7 14.7 16.7
85 years and over 4.3 2.9 5.6 2.1 1.6 2.6
Average age of the population 47.0 45.1 48.8 41.0 40.1 41.9
Median age of the population 50.3 47.8 52.3 40.9 39.7 42.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5 10,320 ... ... 960,895 ... ...
Single-detached house 4,970 ... ... 282,355 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys 585 ... ... 160,060 ... ...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6 4,765 ... ... 513,900 ... ...
Semi-detached house 950 ... ... 20,530 ... ...
Row house 810 ... ... 93,415 ... ...
Apartment or flat in a duplex 100 ... ... 156,445 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys 2,815 ... ... 242,205 ... ...
Other single-attached house 90 ... ... 1,305 ... ...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7 0 ... ... 4,580 ... ...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8 10,320 ... ... 960,895 ... ...
1 person 3,880 ... ... 275,455 ... ...
2 persons 3,890 ... ... 300,170 ... ...
3 persons 1,300 ... ... 153,090 ... ...
4 persons 860 ... ... 139,175 ... ...
5 or more persons 400 ... ... 93,005 ... ...
Number of persons in private households 21,155 ... ... 2,426,235 ... ...
Average household size 2.0 ... ... 2.5 ... ...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9 19,070 8,835 10,235 2,101,315 1,015,395 1,085,925
Married or living common law 9,755 4,880 4,880 1,193,125 594,180 598,940
Married 7,805 3,905 3,905 1,033,885 513,725 520,160
Living common law 1,950 980 980 159,240 80,455 78,780
Not married and not living common law 9,315 3,960 5,360 908,195 421,215 486,980
Never married 4,815 2,605 2,210 629,040 334,130 294,905
Separated 765 305 460 50,130 20,265 29,860
Divorced 1,840 685 1,150 128,045 47,280 80,765
Widowed 1,895 360 1,535 100,985 19,540 81,445
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10 6,095 ... ... 679,365 ... ...
2 persons 3,820 ... ... 327,260 ... ...
3 persons 1,205 ... ... 158,785 ... ...
4 persons 770 ... ... 145,805 ... ...
5 or more persons 300 ... ... 47,510 ... ...
Average size of census families 2.6 ... ... 2.9 ... ...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11 6,100 ... ... 679,365 ... ...
Total couple families 4,785 ... ... 574,670 ... ...
Married couples 3,805 ... ... 495,065 ... ...
Common-law couples 975 ... ... 79,610 ... ...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent 1,315 ... ... 104,695 ... ...
Female parent 1,070 ... ... 84,740 ... ...
Male parent 245 ... ... 19,955 ... ...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data 4,780 ... ... 574,670 ... ...
Couples without children 2,975 ... ... 260,290 ... ...
Couples with children 1,805 ... ... 314,380 ... ...
1 child 850 ... ... 129,480 ... ...
2 children 680 ... ... 139,080 ... ...
3 or more children 280 ... ... 45,815 ... ...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data 1,315 ... ... 104,695 ... ...
1 child 840 ... ... 66,975 ... ...
2 children 360 ... ... 29,305 ... ...
3 or more children 115 ... ... 8,420 ... ...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data 5,185 2,190 2,995 462,125 214,705 247,420
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12 10,320 ... ... 960,895 ... ...
One-census-family households 5,920 ... ... 600,775 ... ...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13 2,905 ... ... 226,490 ... ...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14 3,025 ... ... 374,290 ... ...
Multiple-census-family households 90 ... ... 37,595 ... ...
Non-census-family households 4,315 ... ... 322,525 ... ...
One-person households 3,875 ... ... 275,455 ... ...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households 440 ... ... 47,065 ... ...
Knowledge of official languagesThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15 21,305 9,960 11,340 2,440,145 1,191,670 1,248,470
English only 18,945 8,935 10,010 2,130,565 1,058,310 1,072,260
French only 5 5 5 1,110 530 580
English and French 2,280 1,000 1,280 172,140 76,650 95,500
Neither English nor French 70 20 50 136,320 56,185 80,135
First official language spokenThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16 21,305 9,960 11,340 2,440,145 1,191,670 1,248,470
English 20,620 9,665 10,950 2,265,310 1,116,840 1,148,470
French 580 255 320 25,710 12,825 12,875
English and French 45 20 25 14,470 6,635 7,835
Neither English nor French 65 15 45 134,655 55,370 79,285
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17 600 265 335 32,940 16,145 16,795
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17 2.8 2.7 3.0 1.3 1.4 1.3
Mother tongueThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18 21,300 9,960 11,345 2,440,145 1,191,675 1,248,470
Single responses 21,110 9,875 11,240 2,361,890 1,153,910 1,207,980
Official languages 19,920 9,365 10,555 1,341,640 678,670 662,970
English 19,305 9,085 10,220 1,316,640 666,170 650,470
French 610 280 330 25,005 12,505 12,500
Non-official languages 1,200 510 685 1,020,250 475,240 545,015
Aboriginal languages 5 5 0 860 390 470
Algonquian languages 5 0 0 315 135 180
Blackfoot 0 0 0 25 0 20
Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 220 105 115
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Moose Cree 0 0 0 5 5 0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Plains Cree 0 0 0 40 15 25
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 15 10 5
Woods Cree 0 0 0 20 15 10
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 145 70 80
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0 0 5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 5 0 70 25 40
Algonquin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ojibway 5 0 0 65 25 35
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 5 0 5
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 105 50 55
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 105 45 55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 5 0 5
Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 0 0 0 40 15 20
Chilcotin 0 0 0 25 15 10
Dene 0 0 0 20 5 10
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0 10 5 5
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 0 5
Sekani 0 0 0 0 5 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0 0 5
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 5 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 0 5 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 5 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 5 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 0 5
Haida 0 0 0 10 10 5
Inuit languages 0 0 0 20 5 15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 5 0 0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 15 5 10
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 5 0 0
Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0 5 0 0
Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kutenai 0 0 0 5 5 0
Michif 0 0 0 10 0 5
Salish languages 0 0 0 140 65 70
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 35 25 15
Lillooet 0 0 0 10 5 5
Okanagan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 10 5 0
Squamish 0 0 0 20 5 10
Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 20 10 10
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 40 20 25
Siouan languages 0 0 0 25 10 10
Dakota 0 0 0 20 5 15
Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 5 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 5 0 5
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 95 45 55
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 45 20 25
Nisga'a 0 0 0 25 15 15
Tsimshian 0 0 0 25 10 15
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 55 25 35
Haisla 0 0 0 10 5 5
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 15 5 10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 20 10 10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 10 5 5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 5 5 0 75 35 35
Non-Aboriginal languages 1,190 510 685 1,019,395 474,850 544,545
Afro-Asiatic languages 50 25 30 20,725 11,005 9,715
Berber languages 0 0 0 95 55 35
Kabyle 0 0 0 35 20 10
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 60 40 25
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 1,355 675 680
Bilen 0 0 0 5 0 0
Oromo 0 0 0 165 95 75
Somali 0 0 0 1,170 570 595
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 5 5
Semitic languages 55 20 30 19,225 10,245 8,980
Amharic 0 0 0 1,140 560 585
Arabic 50 25 25 14,320 7,720 6,600
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 630 305 325
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 440 240 195
Harari 0 0 0 25 10 15
Hebrew 5 0 0 1,770 960 805
Maltese 0 0 0 80 40 40
Tigrigna 5 0 0 695 340 355
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 135 70 60
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 45 25 15
Austro-Asiatic languages 55 20 35 24,195 11,070 13,125
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 1,210 555 655
Vietnamese 55 20 35 22,950 10,500 12,450
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 35 15 20
Austronesian languages 50 15 35 82,025 33,570 48,460
Bikol 0 0 5 310 140 170
Cebuano 5 0 5 3,210 1,285 1,925
Fijian 0 0 0 395 190 200
Hiligaynon 5 0 0 1,280 485 795
Ilocano 0 0 0 4,605 1,820 2,790
Malagasy 0 0 0 15 0 10
Malay 5 0 0 3,480 1,545 1,930
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 635 290 345
Pangasinan 0 0 0 265 115 150
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 40 15 25 66,825 27,275 39,555
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 180 70 110
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 5 830 360 470
Creole languages 0 0 0 610 310 300
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 25 15 5
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 370 175 185
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 225 120 105
Dravidian languages 20 10 10 6,210 3,290 2,925
Kannada 0 0 0 225 115 110
Malayalam 0 0 0 1,750 905 845
Tamil 15 5 10 3,275 1,700 1,580
Telugu 0 0 0 920 550 370
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 40 15 25
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 130 70 60
Indo-European languages 775 330 445 416,565 203,240 213,325
Albanian 0 0 0 1,090 560 530
Armenian 0 5 0 1,060 525 540
Balto-Slavic languages 125 40 80 57,625 26,950 30,675
Baltic languages 10 0 10 645 280 370
Latvian 10 0 5 320 145 175
Lithuanian 5 0 0 325 130 200
Slavic languages 110 40 75 56,975 26,675 30,305
Belarusan 0 0 0 60 30 30
Bosnian 0 0 0 1,155 580 575
Bulgarian 0 0 0 1,725 805 915
Croatian 5 5 5 5,465 2,645 2,820
Czech 10 0 10 3,565 1,705 1,865
Macedonian 0 0 0 250 120 135
Polish 50 20 30 12,040 5,650 6,390
Russian 10 5 10 18,175 8,270 9,905
Serbian 5 0 5 6,300 3,220 3,085
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 1,145 545 600
Slovak 5 5 0 2,390 1,060 1,335
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 5 545 250 290
Ukrainian 20 5 10 3,990 1,705 2,285
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 180 90 90
Celtic languages 0 0 5 315 170 145
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 125 65 60
Welsh 0 0 0 120 65 55
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 65 40 25
Germanic languages 345 125 215 37,830 18,000 19,825
Afrikaans 10 5 5 1,435 730 705
Danish 5 0 0 2,065 1,020 1,050
Dutch 205 80 135 7,455 3,595 3,860
Frisian 5 5 5 80 30 50
German 105 35 70 24,055 11,340 12,720
Icelandic 0 0 0 155 70 80
Norwegian 5 0 0 835 410 430
Swedish 5 0 5 1,290 570 720
Vlaams (Flemish) 5 0 5 200 105 95
Yiddish 0 0 0 220 115 110
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 25 20 15
Greek 65 25 30 4,885 2,515 2,365
Indo-Iranian languages 115 65 55 242,400 119,930 122,465
Indo-Aryan languages 95 55 45 198,075 97,680 100,395
Bengali 10 5 5 2,680 1,395 1,290
Gujarati 10 5 5 6,280 2,955 3,325
Hindi 5 5 0 24,220 11,580 12,640
Kashmiri 0 0 0 40 25 15
Konkani 0 0 0 225 110 110
Marathi 5 5 5 535 280 255
Nepali 0 0 0 920 485 430
Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 65 35 30
Punjabi (Panjabi) 30 15 15 151,205 74,820 76,385
Sindhi 0 0 0 1,580 725 850
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 5 0 5 1,455 730 725
Urdu 25 15 15 8,875 4,535 4,340
Iranian languages 20 15 10 43,985 22,075 21,910
Kurdish 0 0 0 1,650 875 780
Pashto 0 0 0 1,070 570 500
Persian (Farsi) 20 10 10 41,265 20,635 20,630
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 340 180 160
Italic (Romance) languages 120 65 60 71,375 34,590 36,785
Catalan 0 0 0 125 65 55
Italian 45 25 20 15,450 7,735 7,710
Portuguese 10 10 0 11,950 5,655 6,295
Romanian 10 10 5 7,175 3,480 3,690
Spanish 55 20 35 36,625 17,615 19,005
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 60 40 25
Japanese 0 5 0 16,900 5,750 11,150
Kartvelian languages 0 0 0 65 40 25
Georgian 0 0 0 65 40 25
Korean 5 5 5 45,990 20,680 25,310
Mongolic languages 0 0 0 340 145 200
Mongolian 0 0 0 340 145 195
Niger-Congo languages 5 5 5 2,645 1,335 1,315
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 405 220 180
Bamanankan 0 0 0 10 10 5
Edo 0 0 0 80 45 30
Ewe 0 0 0 60 30 25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 20 10 5
Ga 0 0 0 35 15 15
Ganda 0 0 0 65 35 30
Igbo 0 0 0 160 90 65
Lingala 0 0 0 55 25 30
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 100 40 55
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 105 45 55
Shona 5 0 0 150 70 85
Swahili 0 5 0 585 285 295
Wolof 0 0 0 30 10 20
Yoruba 0 0 0 190 110 80
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 5 5 0 610 280 325
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 5 265 135 135
Dinka 0 0 0 80 50 30
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 190 85 100
Sign languages 0 5 0 620 330 295
American Sign Language 0 0 0 265 125 135
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sign languages, n.i.e 5 0 5 360 200 155
Sino-Tibetan languages 175 80 100 387,640 177,135 210,505
Chinese languages 175 80 100 385,355 175,990 209,365
Cantonese 45 25 20 184,365 85,070 99,300
Hakka 10 5 5 2,180 950 1,230
Mandarin 105 45 60 174,920 79,280 95,635
Min Dong 0 0 0 220 105 115
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 10,655 4,755 5,900
Wu (Shanghainese) 5 0 5 4,330 1,905 2,425
Chinese, n.o.s. 15 10 10 8,485 3,840 4,645
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 195 80 110
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 2,285 1,150 1,140
Burmese 0 0 0 1,035 530 510
Karenic languages 0 0 0 770 370 400
Tibetan 0 0 0 260 135 125
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 220 115 105
Tai-Kadai languages 5 0 0 2,750 980 1,770
Lao 5 0 0 800 405 400
Thai 5 0 5 1,930 570 1,365
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 20 10 10
Turkic languages 10 10 5 3,700 2,035 1,665
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 495 275 225
Turkish 15 5 5 2,770 1,560 1,215
Uyghur 0 0 0 165 80 85
Uzbek 0 0 0 95 45 50
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 165 70 95
Uralic languages 30 15 15 7,640 3,535 4,105
Estonian 0 5 0 455 195 260
Finnish 10 0 10 1,900 770 1,130
Hungarian 20 15 0 5,285 2,570 2,715
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 365 200 170
Multiple responses 190 80 105 78,255 37,760 40,490
English and French 85 35 50 5,200 2,535 2,660
English and non-official language 95 45 55 69,885 33,750 36,135
French and non-official language 0 0 0 1,545 750 795
English, French and non-official language 5 5 5 1,620 725 900
Language spoken most often at homeThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19 21,305 9,960 11,345 2,440,145 1,191,670 1,248,470
Single responses 21,040 9,855 11,185 2,252,465 1,102,220 1,150,240
Official languages 20,610 9,660 10,950 1,631,365 811,500 819,870
English 20,430 9,585 10,845 1,622,735 807,235 815,500
French 175 75 105 8,630 4,265 4,365
Non-official languages 435 195 235 621,100 290,725 330,375
Aboriginal languages 0 0 0 105 45 55
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 25 10 10
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 15 5 10
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Moose Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Plains Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Woods Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 15 0 10
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 10 5 5
Algonquin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ojibway 0 0 0 10 5 5
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 15 5 10
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 15 5 10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 0 0 0 5 0 5
Chilcotin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dene 0 0 0 10 5 5
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0 5 5 0
Inuit languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kutenai 0 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 0 0 0 0 5 0
Salish languages 0 0 0 10 5 5
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0 5 0
Okanagan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 10 5 0
Squamish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages 0 0 0 10 5 5
Dakota 0 0 0 10 10 0
Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 15 5 10
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 5 5 5
Nisga'a 0 0 0 5 5 5
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 5 0 5
Haisla 0 0 0 0 0 5
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 5 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 5 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 15 5 10
Non-Aboriginal languages 430 195 235 620,995 290,680 330,320
Afro-Asiatic languages 40 15 25 11,900 5,965 5,935
Berber languages 0 0 0 40 20 20
Kabyle 0 0 0 15 5 10
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 20 15 5
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 695 315 380
Bilen 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oromo 0 0 0 80 40 35
Somali 0 0 0 610 270 340
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 5 5
Semitic languages 35 15 25 11,155 5,630 5,530
Amharic 0 0 0 535 250 290
Arabic 35 15 25 8,680 4,405 4,275
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 400 200 200
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 305 160 145
Harari 0 0 0 10 5 5
Hebrew 0 0 0 785 400 385
Maltese 0 0 0 5 5 0
Tigrigna 0 0 0 355 165 190
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 90 40 45
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 5 5
Austro-Asiatic languages 45 20 25 15,000 6,955 8,045
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 620 290 330
Vietnamese 45 15 30 14,365 6,655 7,710
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 15 10 10
Austronesian languages 20 10 15 35,335 15,585 19,750
Bikol 0 0 0 70 30 35
Cebuano 5 0 0 1,085 485 600
Fijian 0 0 0 95 50 50
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 355 150 205
Ilocano 0 0 0 1,465 625 840
Malagasy 0 0 0 5 5 0
Malay 0 0 0 1,050 485 565
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 135 65 75
Pangasinan 0 0 0 55 25 30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 20 5 15 30,695 13,505 17,190
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 55 25 35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 260 130 130
Creole languages 0 0 0 290 125 160
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 5 5 5
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 205 85 115
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 80 35 40
Dravidian languages 5 0 0 3,355 1,695 1,650
Kannada 0 0 0 95 45 50
Malayalam 0 0 0 885 450 435
Tamil 0 0 0 1,935 965 965
Telugu 0 0 0 425 230 190
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 15 5 5
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 55 20 30
Indo-European languages 185 85 95 220,600 107,100 113,505
Albanian 0 0 0 530 255 270
Armenian 5 5 0 505 225 280
Balto-Slavic languages 40 15 20 25,650 12,295 13,350
Baltic languages 5 0 5 160 75 90
Latvian 5 0 5 65 30 35
Lithuanian 0 0 0 90 45 50
Slavic languages 35 10 20 25,490 12,225 13,265
Belarusan 0 0 0 10 5 5
Bosnian 0 0 0 540 270 270
Bulgarian 0 0 0 925 425 495
Croatian 0 0 0 1,795 840 955
Czech 5 5 0 1,030 520 510
Macedonian 0 0 0 120 60 60
Polish 20 10 10 4,490 2,130 2,355
Russian 5 0 0 10,795 5,125 5,670
Serbian 0 0 0 3,470 1,760 1,715
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 435 205 235
Slovak 0 0 5 775 375 405
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 60 25 35
Ukrainian 0 0 5 1,010 470 540
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 25 10 15
Celtic languages 0 0 0 30 20 15
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 15 5 5
Welsh 0 0 0 20 10 5
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 0 0
Germanic languages 25 5 10 4,665 2,200 2,460
Afrikaans 5 0 5 520 250 265
Danish 0 0 0 180 90 90
Dutch 10 5 5 685 325 365
Frisian 0 0 0 5 5 0
German 10 0 5 2,895 1,345 1,550
Icelandic 0 0 0 50 25 30
Norwegian 0 0 0 75 35 35
Swedish 0 0 0 220 110 115
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 20 15 5
Yiddish 0 0 0 15 10 5
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 5 0
Greek 25 5 15 1,730 840 895
Indo-Iranian languages 70 35 35 156,835 76,640 80,195
Indo-Aryan languages 60 30 30 127,630 62,480 65,150
Bengali 5 5 5 1,575 775 800
Gujarati 10 5 5 2,740 1,210 1,530
Hindi 5 5 5 11,235 5,310 5,920
Kashmiri 0 0 0 5 0 0
Konkani 0 0 0 40 15 15
Marathi 5 0 0 245 125 120
Nepali 0 0 0 550 290 265
Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 30 20 15
Punjabi (Panjabi) 20 10 5 104,855 51,630 53,225
Sindhi 0 0 0 590 255 335
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 595 290 305
Urdu 20 10 10 5,165 2,560 2,610
Iranian languages 15 5 5 29,035 14,075 14,960
Kurdish 0 0 0 1,025 515 505
Pashto 0 0 0 660 330 330
Persian (Farsi) 15 5 5 27,350 13,230 14,125
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 175 90 90
Italic (Romance) languages 30 15 15 30,665 14,630 16,035
Catalan 0 0 0 60 30 35
Italian 5 0 0 3,950 1,715 2,230
Portuguese 0 5 0 5,115 2,430 2,685
Romanian 0 0 0 3,215 1,545 1,675
Spanish 25 10 10 18,310 8,905 9,410
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 5 10
Japanese 0 0 0 8,235 3,375 4,855
Kartvelian languages 0 0 0 15 10 10
Georgian 0 0 0 15 10 10
Korean 0 0 0 34,225 15,725 18,500
Mongolic languages 0 0 0 160 80 85
Mongolian 0 0 0 160 75 85
Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 725 325 405
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 125 70 55
Bamanankan 0 0 0 5 5 5
Edo 0 0 0 15 5 5
Ewe 0 0 0 20 10 10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ga 0 0 0 5 0 0
Ganda 0 0 0 5 5 5
Igbo 0 0 0 35 20 15
Lingala 0 0 0 35 10 20
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 55 15 35
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 45 15 30
Shona 0 0 0 40 15 20
Swahili 0 0 0 155 60 90
Wolof 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yoruba 0 0 0 40 20 20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 150 65 85
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 105 50 55
Dinka 0 0 0 45 25 20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 60 20 40
Sign languages 10 5 0 830 460 370
American Sign Language 0 0 0 295 150 150
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 5 0 5
Sign languages, n.i.e 5 5 5 530 305 220
Sino-Tibetan languages 120 60 60 285,515 130,990 154,525
Chinese languages 115 55 60 283,885 130,170 153,715
Cantonese 40 15 15 132,185 60,235 71,950
Hakka 0 0 0 670 280 390
Mandarin 65 35 30 138,680 64,060 74,625
Min Dong 0 0 0 65 30 35
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 4,645 2,105 2,540
Wu (Shanghainese) 5 0 5 2,500 1,145 1,350
Chinese, n.o.s. 10 5 5 5,045 2,270 2,775
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 100 50 55
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 1,630 820 810
Burmese 0 0 0 685 350 335
Karenic languages 0 0 0 685 335 350
Tibetan 0 0 0 165 90 75
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 90 45 40
Tai-Kadai languages 5 5 5 1,015 435 580
Lao 0 5 0 335 160 175
Thai 0 0 0 675 275 400
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 5 5 5
Turkic languages 5 5 5 1,550 810 740
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 185 95 90
Turkish 5 5 5 1,190 625 565
Uyghur 0 0 0 100 50 50
Uzbek 0 0 0 40 25 15
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 40 15 25
Uralic languages 5 5 5 1,980 930 1,045
Estonian 0 0 0 75 30 45
Finnish 0 0 0 435 190 240
Hungarian 0 0 0 1,470 710 760
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 5 110 50 60
Multiple responses 260 110 150 187,680 89,450 98,230
English and French 55 20 30 3,475 1,700 1,775
English and non-official language 200 85 120 181,305 86,450 94,850
French and non-official language 5 0 0 500 225 275
English, French and non-official language 0 0 5 2,400 1,075 1,325
Other language spoken regularly at homeThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20 21,300 9,960 11,345 2,440,145 1,191,675 1,248,470
None 20,125 9,450 10,680 1,919,305 944,770 974,530
English 315 150 165 232,050 112,195 119,850
French 425 180 245 19,620 8,930 10,690
Non-official language 415 175 240 260,735 121,820 138,910
Aboriginal 5 5 0 800 375 425
Non-Aboriginal 410 175 240 259,935 121,450 138,485
English and French 0 0 0 965 435 530
English and non-official language 10 5 0 4,895 2,285 2,605
French and non-official language 10 5 10 2,495 1,190 1,305
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 80 40 45
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21 18,380 8,505 9,875 2,064,585 998,870 1,065,720
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 17,765 8,195 9,570 1,978,485 957,500 1,020,990
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 29,167 33,635 26,245 32,612 38,879 27,793
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 17,770 8,195 9,575 1,981,210 959,985 1,021,225
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 27,047 30,675 24,572 29,422 34,038 25,878
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 15,045 7,060 7,985 1,781,275 875,745 905,525
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 26,368 31,936 21,922 32,645 39,631 26,888
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 14,190 6,215 7,975 1,370,155 582,530 787,620
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 10,291 9,181 10,893 2,459 1,246 3,359
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 11,065 5,505 5,560 1,487,050 752,840 734,210
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 25,930 29,175 23,472 33,621 40,050 28,268
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22 18,425 8,525 9,900 2,064,615 998,830 1,065,780
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 17,830 8,240 9,590 1,978,880 957,440 1,021,440
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 39,033 44,472 34,359 46,821 55,848 38,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 17,840 8,240 9,600 1,981,625 959,975 1,021,650
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 33,701 37,836 30,151 38,512 44,592 32,798
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 15,015 7,035 7,985 1,780,850 875,325 905,525
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 36,891 44,007 30,618 47,281 57,128 37,762
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 14,370 6,285 8,085 1,370,125 581,865 788,260
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 9,881 9,044 10,531 6,169 5,955 6,327
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 11,080 5,540 5,550 1,487,050 752,855 734,200
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 35,677 39,523 31,838 46,081 55,081 36,854
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23 18,425 8,525 9,895 2,064,615 998,830 1,065,785
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24 4,985 2,635 2,350 637,395 361,430 275,965
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25 46,203 49,136 43,543 54,955 60,834 49,056
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26 54,563 58,806 49,816 67,916 76,209 57,055
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28 80.1 84.4 75.4 90.9 93.5 87.3
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29 57.6 61.3 53.7 74.0 77.5 69.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30 19.9 15.6 24.6 9.1 6.5 12.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31 18,380 8,505 9,875 2,064,585 998,865 1,065,715
Without total income 615 310 305 86,100 41,365 44,730
With total income 17,765 8,195 9,570 1,978,485 957,500 1,020,990
Percentage with total income 96.7 96.4 96.9 95.8 95.9 95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss) 2,215 970 1,245 337,915 144,295 193,620
$10,000 to $19,999 3,805 1,520 2,285 345,805 143,880 201,920
$20,000 to $29,999 3,070 1,220 1,845 248,300 105,920 142,380
$30,000 to $39,999 2,290 1,045 1,245 211,515 94,955 116,565
$40,000 to $49,999 1,890 910 975 188,015 87,605 100,415
$50,000 to $59,999 1,240 615 620 149,455 74,735 74,720
$60,000 to $69,999 895 490 405 116,775 64,280 52,500
$70,000 to $79,999 665 390 270 89,555 51,260 38,295
$80,000 to $89,999 470 265 210 70,690 41,215 29,475
$90,000 to $99,999 415 230 185 50,825 30,925 19,900
$100,000 and over 815 535 280 169,635 118,430 51,210
$100,000 to $149,999 575 360 215 109,000 73,655 35,350
$150,000 and over 240 175 60 60,640 44,780 15,860
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32 18,380 8,505 9,875 2,064,585 998,865 1,065,720
Without after-tax income 610 310 305 83,375 38,885 44,495
With after-tax income 17,765 8,195 9,570 1,981,210 959,985 1,021,225
Percentage with after-tax income 96.7 96.4 96.9 96.0 96.1 95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss) 2,320 990 1,325 350,380 152,065 198,315
$10,000 to $19,999 3,960 1,600 2,360 361,855 152,890 208,965
$20,000 to $29,999 3,485 1,430 2,060 293,480 127,930 165,550
$30,000 to $39,999 2,660 1,260 1,395 250,620 114,225 136,395
$40,000 to $49,999 1,920 910 1,015 209,335 101,565 107,765
$50,000 to $59,999 1,195 655 540 153,280 83,240 70,045
$60,000 to $69,999 785 465 315 109,410 62,820 46,595
$70,000 to $79,999 585 330 255 79,210 46,380 32,825
$80,000 and over 850 555 295 173,650 118,875 54,770
$80,000 to $89,999 345 205 145 50,810 32,310 18,500
$90,000 to $99,999 160 105 55 32,520 21,870 10,645
$100,000 and over 350 250 100 90,320 64,700 25,625
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33 18,375 8,505 9,870 2,064,585 998,870 1,065,715
Without employment income 7,315 2,995 4,315 577,530 246,030 331,505
With employment income 11,065 5,505 5,555 1,487,050 752,835 734,210
Percentage with employment income 60.2 64.7 56.3 72.0 75.4 68.9
Under $5,000 (including loss) 1,995 970 1,025 209,270 93,700 115,565
$5,000 to $9,999 1,030 450 580 112,350 48,000 64,355
$10,000 to $19,999 1,650 760 890 199,780 88,465 111,315
$20,000 to $29,999 1,375 615 760 164,960 74,780 90,180
$30,000 to $39,999 1,175 570 605 153,815 70,955 82,860
$40,000 to $49,999 1,075 530 540 141,800 66,710 75,095
$50,000 to $59,999 700 365 340 113,915 59,035 54,880
$60,000 to $69,999 490 270 220 90,840 52,060 38,780
$70,000 to $79,999 405 245 155 71,740 42,295 29,440
$80,000 and over 1,170 730 440 228,585 156,840 71,740
$80,000 to $89,999 305 175 130 57,565 34,490 23,075
$90,000 to $99,999 340 180 155 40,995 26,105 14,890
$100,000 and over 525 375 155 130,030 96,250 33,775
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34 10,320 ... ... 960,895 ... ...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($) 51,219 ... ... 72,662 ... ...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($) 46,526 ... ... 63,365 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data 3,880 ... ... 275,455 ... ...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 29,031 ... ... 38,164 ... ...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 27,219 ... ... 33,804 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data 6,445 ... ... 685,440 ... ...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 69,263 ... ... 92,067 ... ...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 62,781 ... ... 80,158 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35 10,340 ... ... 960,895 ... ...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($) 67,316 ... ... 96,423 ... ...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($) 58,149 ... ... 79,421 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data 3,885 ... ... 275,485 ... ...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 40,281 ... ... 49,950 ... ...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 34,659 ... ... 41,250 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data 6,455 ... ... 685,410 ... ...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 83,597 ... ... 115,102 ... ...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 72,295 ... ... 94,764 ... ...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36 10,325 ... ... 960,895 ... ...
Under $5,000 115 ... ... 28,325 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 175 ... ... 15,385 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 475 ... ... 28,770 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 655 ... ... 38,305 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 655 ... ... 36,160 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 650 ... ... 35,655 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 580 ... ... 36,315 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 620 ... ... 36,535 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 565 ... ... 36,630 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 540 ... ... 36,510 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 870 ... ... 70,005 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 810 ... ... 65,325 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 645 ... ... 60,005 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 570 ... ... 55,025 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 465 ... ... 49,190 ... ...
$100,000 and over 1,930 ... ... 332,745 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 785 ... ... 100,070 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 440 ... ... 72,355 ... ...
$150,000 to $199,999 420 ... ... 82,630 ... ...
$200,000 and over 290 ... ... 77,695 ... ...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32 10,320 ... ... 960,890 ... ...
Under $5,000 125 ... ... 30,260 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 175 ... ... 15,590 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 490 ... ... 29,290 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 680 ... ... 39,595 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 740 ... ... 41,050 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 690 ... ... 42,935 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 710 ... ... 43,900 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 660 ... ... 44,060 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 705 ... ... 44,380 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 545 ... ... 43,085 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 1,005 ... ... 80,740 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 865 ... ... 73,390 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 710 ... ... 66,785 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 535 ... ... 58,300 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 395 ... ... 50,780 ... ...
$100,000 and over 1,300 ... ... 256,755 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 625 ... ... 97,835 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 320 ... ... 61,380 ... ...
$150,000 and over 360 ... ... 97,535 ... ...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37 6,080 ... ... 653,340 ... ...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($) 70,272 ... ... 92,273 ... ...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($) 63,567 ... ... 80,245 ... ...
Average family size of economic families 2.7 ... ... 3.1 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data 2,830 ... ... 222,585 ... ...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 71,050 ... ... 85,383 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 63,714 ... ... 73,895 ... ...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data 1,830 ... ... 313,355 ... ...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 94,912 ... ... 112,167 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 83,814 ... ... 96,888 ... ...
Average family size of couple economic families with children 3.8 ... ... 4.1 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data 1,270 ... ... 93,805 ... ...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 42,453 ... ... 53,852 ... ...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 40,832 ... ... 49,006 ... ...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families 2.5 ... ... 2.6 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38 6,105 ... ... 652,795 ... ...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($) 84,400 ... ... 115,694 ... ...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($) 72,875 ... ... 95,002 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data 2,825 ... ... 222,050 ... ...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 82,052 ... ... 109,780 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 70,198 ... ... 88,896 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data 1,815 ... ... 313,600 ... ...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 111,003 ... ... 135,322 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 95,037 ... ... 111,039 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data 1,295 ... ... 93,545 ... ...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 50,212 ... ... 67,562 ... ...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 46,023 ... ... 57,922 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21 4,845 2,050 2,795 393,510 189,750 203,760
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39 26,624 25,611 27,226 32,421 33,964 31,209
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39 25,003 23,989 25,544 29,236 30,331 28,391
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40 4,815 2,000 2,810 392,915 188,815 204,100
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41 37,559 40,219 35,667 43,593 46,216 41,167
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41 32,482 34,060 31,360 36,392 38,096 34,815
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42 21,155 9,920 11,235 2,426,235 1,185,395 1,240,835
In the bottom half of the distribution 12,965 5,895 7,070 1,175,575 559,445 616,130
In the bottom decile 3,005 1,435 1,570 303,915 145,415 158,500
In the second decile 3,005 1,265 1,740 228,320 105,405 122,915
In the third decile 2,530 1,175 1,355 210,945 100,050 110,895
In the fourth decile 2,315 1,060 1,255 212,600 102,000 110,595
In the fifth decile 2,110 965 1,145 219,800 106,575 113,225
In the top half of the distribution 8,190 4,020 4,170 1,250,655 625,955 624,705
In the sixth decile 1,915 915 1,000 225,360 110,195 115,170
In the seventh decile 1,810 885 930 234,070 116,115 117,950
In the eighth decile 1,650 825 820 245,245 122,625 122,620
In the ninth decile 1,720 845 875 260,490 131,100 129,390
In the top decile 1,090 555 535 285,490 145,915 139,575
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43 21,155 9,915 11,240 2,417,260 1,181,115 1,236,145
0 to 17 years 3,435 1,745 1,690 441,530 227,695 213,835
0 to 5 years 1,040 535 505 139,285 71,940 67,345
18 to 64 years 12,285 5,885 6,400 1,612,685 785,035 827,650
65 years and over 5,435 2,290 3,145 363,045 168,390 194,660
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) 4,410 1,975 2,430 398,715 187,770 210,950
0 to 17 years 990 500 495 83,635 42,965 40,675
0 to 5 years 345 185 160 24,690 12,560 12,130
18 to 64 years 2,695 1,250 1,445 255,225 119,285 135,940
65 years and over 725 230 495 59,860 25,525 34,335
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%) 20.8 19.9 21.6 16.5 15.9 17.1
0 to 17 years (%) 28.8 28.7 29.3 18.9 18.9 19.0
0 to 5 years (%) 33.2 34.6 31.7 17.7 17.5 18.0
18 to 64 years (%) 21.9 21.2 22.6 15.8 15.2 16.4
65 years and over (%) 13.3 10.0 15.7 16.5 15.2 17.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) 1,825 910 910 337,085 160,485 176,600
0 to 17 years 325 170 160 67,065 34,355 32,710
0 to 5 years 110 60 50 19,175 9,740 9,435
18 to 64 years 1,405 705 700 232,635 110,555 122,085
65 years and over 95 45 55 37,380 15,580 21,805
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%) 8.6 9.2 8.1 13.9 13.6 14.3
0 to 17 years (%) 9.5 9.7 9.5 15.2 15.1 15.3
0 to 5 years (%) 10.6 11.2 9.9 13.8 13.5 14.0
18 to 64 years (%) 11.4 12.0 10.9 14.4 14.1 14.8
65 years and over (%) 1.7 2.0 1.7 10.3 9.3 11.2
Knowledge of languagesThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44 21,190 9,930 11,255 2,426,230 1,185,400 1,240,835
Official languages 21,105 9,895 11,215 2,290,560 1,129,240 1,161,325
English 21,100 9,895 11,200 2,289,520 1,128,740 1,160,780
French 2,355 1,010 1,345 172,260 76,600 95,660
Non-official languages 1,420 610 815 1,220,345 574,040 646,300
Aboriginal languages 0 0 0 1,605 670 935
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 485 200 290
Blackfoot 0 0 0 15 0 15
Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 310 145 165
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Moose Cree 0 0 0 0 0 10
Naskapi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Plains Cree 0 0 0 85 45 40
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 20 10 20
Woods Cree 0 0 0 15 0 10
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 180 90 90
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 20 10 0
Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 15 0 10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 140 40 100
Algonquin 0 0 0 15 10 10
Ojibway 0 0 0 120 35 85
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 10 0 10
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 85 30 60
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 80 30 55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 10 10 0
Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 0 0 0 50 10 40
Chilcotin 0 0 0 10 0 0
Dene 0 0 0 10 0 0
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 10 10 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 10 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 10
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 10 0
Haida 0 0 0 60 35 30
Inuit languages 0 0 0 60 30 35
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 10 10 0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 40 15 25
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 0 10
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 0 10 10
Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0 10 10 0
Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kutenai 0 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 0 0 0 30 15 15
Salish languages 0 0 0 535 215 330
Comox 0 0 0 20 0 15
Halkomelem 0 0 0 150 60 90
Lillooet 0 0 0 20 15 10
Okanagan 0 0 0 35 15 20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 10 0 0
Squamish 0 0 0 225 100 125
Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 25 10 15
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 60 20 45
Siouan languages 0 0 0 30 15 20
Dakota 0 0 0 15 10 10
Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 10 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 180 80 100
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 55 15 40
Nisga'a 0 0 0 65 35 35
Tsimshian 0 0 0 65 30 30
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 100 45 55
Haisla 0 0 0 25 0 25
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 10 0 10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 45 35 10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 15 0 10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 35 20 15
Non-Aboriginal languages 1,420 605 810 1,218,825 573,410 645,415
Afro-Asiatic languages 70 25 45 29,225 15,270 13,955
Berber languages 0 0 0 125 80 45
Kabyle 0 0 0 55 30 25
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 70 50 15
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 1,880 870 1,005
Bilen 0 0 0 15 0 15
Oromo 0 0 0 190 110 80
Somali 0 0 0 1,675 755 915
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 0 10
Semitic languages 70 25 40 27,480 14,465 13,015
Amharic 0 0 0 1,755 905 855
Arabic 65 30 40 19,990 10,680 9,315
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 715 340 375
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 545 270 275
Harari 0 0 0 55 35 20
Hebrew 0 0 10 4,585 2,360 2,225
Maltese 0 0 0 165 90 80
Tigrigna 10 0 15 935 510 430
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 290 150 135
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 95 45 45
Austro-Asiatic languages 60 25 35 30,390 14,495 15,890
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 1,440 620 820
Vietnamese 60 25 40 29,015 13,890 15,125
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 60 30 30
Austronesian languages 115 30 90 106,580 44,620 61,955
Bikol 0 0 0 495 205 285
Cebuano 0 0 0 4,185 1,625 2,555
Fijian 0 0 0 980 580 405
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 1,365 600 770
Ilocano 0 0 0 5,665 2,210 3,460
Malagasy 0 0 0 10 0 0
Malay 0 0 0 6,435 3,050 3,390
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 775 350 430
Pangasinan 0 0 0 445 180 265
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 115 30 85 96,290 39,665 56,625
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 280 120 150
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 1,175 580 595
Creole languages 10 0 10 1,820 975 845
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 60 25 35
Creole, n.o.s. 10 0 10 1,020 540 480
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 755 415 335
Dravidian languages 65 30 35 8,875 4,710 4,165
Kannada 0 0 0 445 210 235
Malayalam 10 0 0 2,580 1,395 1,190
Tamil 65 25 35 4,860 2,530 2,325
Telugu 0 0 0 1,425 835 595
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 65 25 40
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 150 75 70
Indo-European languages 875 380 495 536,805 262,060 274,755
Albanian 0 0 0 1,135 580 555
Armenian 0 0 0 1,455 725 735
Balto-Slavic languages 95 25 65 66,125 31,535 34,590
Baltic languages 10 0 10 635 310 325
Latvian 10 0 15 310 175 140
Lithuanian 0 0 0 325 135 185
Slavic languages 80 30 55 65,675 31,315 34,350
Belarusan 0 0 0 205 95 110
Bosnian 0 0 0 1,780 890 890
Bulgarian 0 0 0 1,975 875 1,100
Croatian 0 0 0 7,995 3,920 4,075
Czech 0 0 10 4,580 2,140 2,435
Macedonian 0 0 0 345 180 160
Polish 35 10 20 13,820 6,540 7,275
Russian 20 0 15 24,000 11,325 12,675
Serbian 10 10 10 8,010 4,105 3,905
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 1,240 595 645
Slovak 10 0 10 3,060 1,425 1,635
Slovene (Slovenian) 10 0 10 725 330 400
Ukrainian 10 10 0 5,960 2,605 3,355
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 250 120 125
Celtic languages 0 0 0 1,175 650 520
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 350 225 120
Welsh 0 0 0 145 65 85
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 685 370 320
Germanic languages 360 155 205 57,255 27,520 29,730
Afrikaans 10 0 0 4,230 2,160 2,065
Danish 0 0 0 2,455 1,150 1,310
Dutch 175 75 105 9,200 4,340 4,855
Frisian 10 10 0 120 55 65
German 185 85 105 38,665 18,840 19,820
Icelandic 0 0 0 215 110 100
Norwegian 0 0 0 1,405 730 680
Swedish 10 0 0 2,765 1,205 1,560
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 220 125 100
Yiddish 0 0 0 385 175 210
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 75 40 30
Greek 75 35 40 7,230 3,675 3,555
Indo-Iranian languages 175 90 85 297,060 147,625 149,435
Indo-Aryan languages 170 85 85 248,620 123,215 125,405
Bengali 10 10 0 3,145 1,610 1,530
Gujarati 0 0 0 10,685 5,030 5,655
Hindi 95 45 55 70,505 34,305 36,195
Kashmiri 0 0 0 45 25 20
Konkani 0 0 0 375 185 190
Marathi 0 0 0 1,275 650 625
Nepali 10 0 0 1,180 595 590
Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 70 40 30
Punjabi (Panjabi) 70 40 35 187,530 93,595 93,935
Sindhi 0 0 0 3,140 1,340 1,800
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 20 10 15 2,140 1,110 1,030
Urdu 30 15 10 14,610 7,635 6,975
Iranian languages 10 0 0 49,445 24,950 24,495
Kurdish 0 0 0 2,070 1,095 980
Pashto 0 0 0 1,540 855 685
Persian (Farsi) 10 10 0 47,155 23,770 23,385
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 750 380 375
Italic (Romance) languages 205 95 110 118,715 56,405 62,310
Catalan 0 0 0 245 125 120
Italian 70 30 35 25,610 12,450 13,155
Portuguese 25 10 15 15,670 7,450 8,225
Romanian 0 0 0 8,265 4,075 4,190
Spanish 130 60 75 75,105 35,255 39,855
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 220 130 85
Japanese 15 10 10 28,630 12,410 16,220
Kartvelian languages 0 0 0 90 50 40
Georgian 0 0 0 90 50 45
Korean 15 0 10 50,640 23,170 27,470
Mongolic languages 0 0 0 320 155 170
Mongolian 0 0 0 325 155 165
Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 5,810 3,020 2,790
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 495 280 215
Bamanankan 0 0 0 20 10 10
Edo 0 0 0 115 65 55
Ewe 0 0 0 115 75 35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 45 10 35
Ga 0 0 0 95 60 35
Ganda 0 0 0 105 60 45
Igbo 0 0 0 240 140 95
Lingala 0 0 0 235 105 130
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 105 35 65
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 210 95 115
Shona 0 0 0 265 125 140
Swahili 0 0 0 2,655 1,440 1,220
Wolof 0 0 0 30 15 15
Yoruba 0 0 0 505 260 250
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 1,325 605 725
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 300 150 150
Dinka 0 0 0 50 35 15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 250 120 135
Sign languages 40 25 15 3,540 1,405 2,135
American Sign Language 10 0 0 2,035 690 1,345
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0 10 0
Sign languages, n.i.e. 30 20 10 1,565 735 830
Sino-Tibetan languages 180 75 100 431,545 199,110 232,430
Chinese languages 180 75 100 429,070 197,865 231,205
Cantonese 60 35 25 223,705 103,510 120,190
Hakka 10 0 10 2,555 1,215 1,340
Mandarin 115 45 70 250,170 112,935 137,235
Min Dong 0 0 0 125 55 70
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 15,660 6,945 8,720
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 5,385 2,345 3,035
Chinese, n.o.s. 20 10 10 8,745 3,985 4,760
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 195 80 115
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 2,755 1,375 1,380
Burmese 0 0 0 1,385 685 705
Karenic languages 0 0 0 905 455 450
Tibetan 0 0 0 305 165 140
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 295 140 155
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 3,810 1,540 2,270
Lao 0 0 0 1,125 505 620
Thai 0 0 0 2,875 1,100 1,770
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 10 0
Turkic languages 35 20 15 5,950 3,225 2,725
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 835 455 385
Turkish 30 20 10 4,875 2,630 2,240
Uyghur 0 0 0 105 50 55
Uzbek 0 0 0 170 95 75
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 225 125 105
Uralic languages 10 0 10 9,045 4,205 4,845
Estonian 0 0 0 495 205 295
Finnish 0 0 0 2,085 825 1,265
Hungarian 10 10 0 6,480 3,175 3,310
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 695 380 315
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45 21,185 9,930 11,255 2,426,230 1,185,400 1,240,835
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46 20,700 9,735 10,955 2,103,115 1,032,695 1,070,420
Canadian citizens aged under 18 3,350 1,675 1,675 403,685 208,715 194,970
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 17,350 8,065 9,285 1,699,435 823,985 875,445
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47 490 190 300 323,115 152,705 170,415
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48 21,190 9,935 11,255 2,426,235 1,185,400 1,240,830
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49 19,145 9,115 10,035 1,358,990 686,180 672,805
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50 2,000 800 1,195 989,545 461,660 527,880
Before 1981 1,180 450 730 209,975 100,680 109,295
1981 to 1990 160 70 95 120,730 56,305 64,425
1991 to 2000 170 85 85 247,835 114,340 133,490
2001 to 2010 325 150 175 268,470 123,245 145,230
2001 to 2005 145 60 80 124,890 57,190 67,695
2006 to 2010 180 90 95 143,585 66,050 77,535
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51 165 45 115 142,535 67,095 75,435
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52 45 20 25 77,700 37,560 40,140
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53 2,000 800 1,200 989,540 461,660 527,885
Under 5 years 230 95 130 78,020 39,580 38,445
5 to 14 years 360 160 195 158,290 81,570 76,720
15 to 24 years 535 185 350 204,760 93,100 111,655
25 to 44 years 770 330 445 424,180 189,745 234,440
45 years and over 110 30 80 124,300 57,665 66,630
Immigrants by selected place of birthThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54 2,000 800 1,200 989,545 461,660 527,885
Americas 285 110 175 65,330 30,720 34,605
Brazil 0 0 0 2,860 1,175 1,680
Colombia 0 0 0 3,080 1,400 1,675
El Salvador 10 0 0 4,405 2,230 2,170
Guyana 10 10 10 920 415 500
Haiti 0 0 0 265 110 160
Jamaica 10 10 0 2,230 1,160 1,065
Mexico 0 0 0 7,850 3,420 4,430
Peru 0 0 0 2,700 1,155 1,540
Trinidad and Tobago 0 0 0 1,940 900 1,040
United StatesCensus data footnote 55 215 80 135 26,445 12,755 13,695
Other places of birth in Americas 40 15 25 12,640 6,000 6,645
Europe 1,110 435 675 170,930 83,890 87,040
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0 0 0 3,930 1,900 2,025
Croatia 0 0 10 4,110 2,075 2,030
France 10 0 10 3,440 1,800 1,640
Germany 110 60 50 13,520 6,475 7,040
Greece 45 20 25 2,885 1,520 1,365
Hungary 10 0 0 3,705 1,895 1,810
IrelandCensus data footnote 56 10 0 10 3,835 2,100 1,735
Italy 40 25 20 10,395 5,350 5,045
Netherlands 180 55 125 6,295 3,130 3,170
Poland 25 10 15 10,480 4,885 5,595
Portugal 10 10 0 4,660 2,315 2,345
Romania 0 0 0 7,110 3,450 3,665
Russian Federation 10 0 0 8,460 3,655 4,805
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57 10 10 0 3,780 1,890 1,890
Ukraine 0 0 0 5,475 2,590 2,885
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58 605 250 360 56,530 28,245 28,280
Other places of birth in Europe 55 0 50 22,325 10,615 11,710
Africa 55 15 40 32,100 16,260 15,840
Algeria 0 0 0 430 270 150
Egypt 20 10 10 2,110 1,135 975
Ethiopia 0 0 0 1,665 835 825
Kenya 0 0 0 4,065 1,875 2,185
Morocco 0 0 0 730 385 340
Nigeria 0 0 0 1,205 630 575
Somalia 0 0 0 1,010 485 530
South Africa, Republic of 10 0 10 8,205 4,270 3,935
Other places of birth in Africa 25 0 20 12,685 6,370 6,325
Asia 530 220 315 697,305 319,470 377,835
Afghanistan 0 0 0 4,865 2,445 2,415
Bangladesh 0 0 0 1,865 945 925
ChinaCensus data footnote 59 100 40 60 188,965 84,385 104,580
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60 0 0 0 71,715 32,945 38,770
India 125 60 65 125,640 61,250 64,395
IranCensus data footnote 61 10 0 0 35,250 17,905 17,345
Iraq 0 0 0 5,215 2,660 2,555
Japan 0 0 0 10,675 3,140 7,535
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62 10 0 10 36,860 16,745 20,115
Lebanon 0 0 0 1,860 1,040 820
Pakistan 10 0 10 9,220 4,725 4,500
Philippines 115 20 95 96,680 40,640 56,045
Sri Lanka 20 15 0 4,155 2,160 1,995
SyriaCensus data footnote 63 30 10 15 2,315 1,170 1,140
Taiwan 0 0 0 37,430 16,850 20,570
Viet Nam 50 25 25 24,025 11,235 12,795
Other places of birth in Asia 65 30 30 40,565 19,235 21,325
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64 20 15 0 23,885 11,325 12,560
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54 160 50 115 142,535 67,095 75,440
Americas 10 10 10 10,090 5,115 4,980
Brazil 0 0 0 960 445 520
Colombia 0 0 0 465 220 240
Cuba 0 0 0 70 35 30
Haiti 0 0 0 15 0 10
Jamaica 0 0 0 160 115 45
Mexico 0 0 0 2,295 1,160 1,135
United StatesCensus data footnote 55 10 0 10 4,065 2,155 1,905
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65 0 0 0 220 100 115
Other places of birth in Americas 0 0 0 1,855 875 975
Europe 10 0 10 13,610 7,015 6,595
France 0 0 0 790 415 370
Germany 0 0 0 775 450 320
IrelandCensus data footnote 56 0 0 0 1,210 760 450
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66 0 0 0 200 110 90
Romania 0 0 0 545 240 305
Russian Federation 0 0 0 1,410 500 905
Ukraine 0 0 0 945 380 570
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58 10 0 0 3,850 2,235 1,625
Other places of birth in Europe 0 0 0 3,895 1,935 1,960
Africa 25 0 30 4,355 2,280 2,070
Algeria 0 0 0 55 35 20
Cameroon 0 0 0 50 20 35
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 0 0 0 115 70 45
Côte d'Ivoire 0 0 0 10 0 0
Egypt 0 0 0 510 280 235
Eritrea 0 0 0 295 165 130
Ethiopia 0 0 0 250 140 115
Morocco 0 0 0 115 60 55
Nigeria 0 0 0 370 185 190
Somalia 0 0 0 350 145 205
South Africa, Republic of 10 0 0 850 475 375
Tunisia 0 0 0 70 30 45
Other places of birth in Africa 0 0 10 1,300 685 620
Asia 115 40 75 112,400 51,560 60,835
Afghanistan 0 0 0 855 450 405
Bangladesh 0 0 0 385 180 205
ChinaCensus data footnote 59 25 0 25 35,890 16,010 19,885
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60 0 0 0 1,695 710 985
India 35 15 15 21,375 10,690 10,685
IranCensus data footnote 61 0 0 0 8,315 4,160 4,155
Iraq 0 0 0 1,850 910 940
Israel 0 0 0 300 170 130
Japan 0 0 0 1,850 465 1,385
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62 0 0 0 6,640 2,860 3,775
Lebanon 0 0 0 210 110 100
Nepal 0 0 0 215 90 125
Pakistan 0 0 0 1,665 835 830
Philippines 15 0 15 20,200 9,055 11,145
Saudi Arabia 0 0 0 330 150 185
Sri Lanka 0 10 0 455 225 230
SyriaCensus data footnote 63 30 15 20 1,785 900 885
Taiwan 0 0 0 2,330 910 1,420
Turkey 0 0 0 365 205 165
United Arab Emirates 0 0 0 335 175 160
Viet Nam 0 0 0 1,510 595 915
Other places of birth in Asia 0 0 0 3,840 1,700 2,145
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64 0 0 0 2,070 1,120 955
Australia 0 0 0 1,135 605 530
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67 0 0 0 935 510 425
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68 21,190 9,930 11,255 2,426,235 1,185,400 1,240,830
First generationCensus data footnote 69 2,125 870 1,260 1,085,610 508,765 576,845
Second generationCensus data footnote 70 2,910 1,475 1,430 607,585 307,920 299,665
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71 16,160 7,590 8,570 733,040 368,715 364,320
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72 845 365 480 794,150 368,155 425,990
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73 430 200 235 461,955 221,655 240,300
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74 200 110 90 176,950 104,335 72,615
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75 230 90 140 285,005 117,320 167,685
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76 325 130 190 249,920 103,575 146,345
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77 85 35 50 71,115 37,975 33,145
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78 0 0 10 11,160 4,955 6,205
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79 21,190 9,935 11,255 2,426,235 1,185,405 1,240,835
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80 700 355 340 61,455 29,075 32,380
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81 665 335 325 59,600 28,200 31,400
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82 435 220 215 35,770 16,870 18,895
Métis 220 105 115 23,430 11,150 12,280
Inuk (Inuit) 10 0 0 400 180 220
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83 0 0 0 1,065 505 560
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84 35 20 15 795 375 420
Non-Aboriginal identity 20,490 9,575 10,915 2,364,775 1,156,330 1,208,455
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85 21,190 9,935 11,255 2,426,230 1,185,400 1,240,830
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86 160 85 70 24,115 11,160 12,950
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 21,030 9,845 11,180 2,402,120 1,174,240 1,227,880
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87 21,185 9,935 11,260 2,426,235 1,185,400 1,240,830
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88 165 80 90 13,620 6,545 7,070
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89 160 70 90 13,305 6,385 6,925
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82 135 55 80 10,895 5,120 5,770
Métis single ancestry 20 10 10 2,265 1,190 1,075
Inuit single ancestry 0 0 0 150 75 75
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90 10 10 0 310 155 155
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries 0 0 0 285 145 145
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries 10 10 0 20 15 0
Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 10 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91 1,040 520 525 61,085 29,110 31,980
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92 1,000 500 500 58,700 28,025 30,675
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries 715 370 350 38,750 18,490 20,255
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 270 115 145 19,600 9,360 10,230
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 20 15 0 355 170 180
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93 40 15 25 2,385 1,085 1,305
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 45 20 25 2,305 1,065 1,235
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 30 10 25
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 30 10 20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 20 10 15
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94 19,980 9,335 10,645 2,351,530 1,149,745 1,201,780
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95 21,190 9,930 11,255 2,426,235 1,185,400 1,240,835
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96 870 390 480 1,185,680 565,020 620,665
South AsianCensus data footnote 97 215 115 100 291,005 145,540 145,460
Chinese 180 85 100 474,655 221,985 252,670
Black 125 55 70 29,830 15,460 14,375
Filipino 140 40 100 123,170 54,260 68,910
Latin American 25 10 10 34,805 16,485 18,315
Arab 35 20 20 16,430 8,800 7,635
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98 70 20 50 44,905 21,400 23,505
West AsianCensus data footnote 99 0 0 0 46,010 23,450 22,555
Korean 10 10 10 52,980 24,465 28,515
Japanese 0 0 0 30,110 12,575 17,530
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100 25 20 0 6,490 3,160 3,325
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101 45 20 20 35,295 17,420 17,870
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102 20,315 9,545 10,775 1,240,555 620,380 620,175
Ethnic origin populationThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103 21,185 9,930 11,255 2,426,235 1,185,400 1,240,830
North American Aboriginal origins 1,210 595 610 74,700 35,650 39,050
First Nations (North American Indian) 900 450 450 52,310 24,845 27,460
Inuit 30 25 10 600 275 325
Métis 330 150 180 24,510 11,775 12,730
Other North American origins 8,920 4,105 4,815 353,945 177,115 176,825
Acadian 55 25 30 1,520 770 745
American 345 190 155 32,115 15,550 16,565
Canadian 8,685 3,980 4,710 331,205 166,010 165,195
New Brunswicker 0 0 0 0 0 10
Newfoundlander 0 0 0 660 370 290
Nova Scotian 0 0 0 75 40 35
Ontarian 0 0 0 40 25 10
Québécois 10 10 10 745 435 310
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104 10 0 0 170 75 85
European origins 15,495 7,355 8,140 1,195,190 593,595 601,590
British Isles origins 12,510 5,970 6,540 763,525 379,940 383,585
Channel Islander 0 0 10 160 90 65
Cornish 0 0 0 245 125 120
English 6,725 3,110 3,610 470,340 232,230 238,115
Irish 5,705 2,690 3,015 275,360 132,535 142,820
Manx 0 0 0 770 365 405
Scottish 5,140 2,440 2,705 341,075 167,685 173,385
Welsh 390 165 225 44,930 21,725 23,205
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105 745 395 350 55,700 27,505 28,190
French origins 3,105 1,470 1,640 147,840 71,175 76,660
Alsatian 10 0 0 110 50 60
Breton 0 0 0 45 15 30
Corsican 0 0 0 75 35 40
French 3,105 1,470 1,635 147,710 71,115 76,595
Western European origins (except French origins) 3,320 1,645 1,675 312,330 154,110 158,220
Austrian 80 25 55 21,255 10,070 11,185
Bavarian 0 0 0 80 45 35
Belgian 135 60 75 8,205 4,065 4,140
Dutch 1,415 730 685 77,640 38,350 39,290
Flemish 0 0 0 955 490 465
Frisian 0 0 0 200 65 130
German 1,940 950 985 222,030 109,675 112,350
Luxembourger 0 0 0 325 175 150
Swiss 45 15 25 11,345 5,720 5,625
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106 10 10 0 450 200 255
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 370 170 195 130,095 62,655 67,445
Danish 65 40 25 23,020 11,200 11,825
Finnish 40 10 30 14,085 6,670 7,420
Icelandic 10 0 10 11,055 5,475 5,585
Norwegian 85 40 40 49,330 24,045 25,290
Swedish 130 65 65 40,690 18,725 21,965
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107 55 25 35 5,320 2,710 2,610
Eastern European origins 930 445 485 256,185 124,165 132,015
Bulgarian 15 0 15 2,940 1,365 1,575
Byelorussian 0 0 0 1,825 940 880
Czech 55 40 10 11,710 5,670 6,040
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108 25 10 25 2,560 1,315 1,250
Estonian 0 0 10 2,545 1,175 1,370
Hungarian 45 10 35 25,855 12,720 13,140
Latvian 40 20 20 2,455 1,260 1,195
Lithuanian 0 0 0 4,160 2,000 2,160
Moldovan 0 0 0 720 340 375
Polish 420 220 205 70,590 33,860 36,725
Romanian 25 15 0 17,485 8,455 9,030
Russian 75 40 35 58,535 27,690 30,845
Slovak 20 10 15 6,345 2,945 3,400
Ukrainian 290 145 145 94,400 46,150 48,250
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109 0 0 0 2,235 1,010 1,220
Southern European origins 930 460 470 196,300 97,515 98,785
Albanian 0 0 0 1,330 665 665
Bosnian 0 0 0 2,675 1,315 1,360
Catalan 0 0 0 65 55 10
Croatian 20 10 0 15,665 8,095 7,570
Cypriot 0 0 0 345 195 155
Greek 125 55 70 16,085 8,280 7,810
Italian 555 275 270 87,875 44,495 43,380
Kosovar 0 0 0 170 85 85
Macedonian 10 0 0 865 475 390
Maltese 20 10 15 1,185 655 535
Montenegrin 0 0 0 600 285 315
Portuguese 35 25 15 24,575 12,050 12,525
Serbian 0 10 0 10,160 5,285 4,875
Sicilian 10 0 0 210 135 80
Slovenian 15 10 10 3,050 1,475 1,575
Spanish 160 75 85 43,985 20,385 23,605
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110 10 0 0 3,275 1,470 1,805
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111 0 0 0 230 105 125
Other European origins 135 55 80 18,865 9,790 9,075
Basque 0 0 0 470 275 195
Jewish 55 25 35 11,230 5,795 5,430
Roma (Gypsy) 0 0 0 325 120 205
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112 0 0 0 510 250 255
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113 80 35 50 6,465 3,400 3,065
Caribbean origins 145 80 60 16,395 8,195 8,200
Antiguan 0 0 0 135 65 70
Bahamian 0 0 0 160 90 70
Barbadian 10 10 0 1,310 690 615
Bermudan 0 0 0 155 70 85
Carib 0 0 0 60 40 25
Cuban 0 0 10 870 445 430
Dominican 25 15 10 535 250 285
Grenadian 0 0 0 280 155 130
Guadeloupean 0 0 0 10 10 10
Haitian 10 0 10 635 290 345
Jamaican 50 25 25 6,455 3,370 3,090
Kittitian/Nevisian 0 0 0 100 50 45
Martinican 0 0 0 20 0 15
Montserratan 0 0 0 20 10 10
Puerto Rican 15 10 10 280 115 165
St. Lucian 0 0 0 120 55 65
Trinidadian/Tobagonian 25 20 0 3,120 1,555 1,565
Vincentian/Grenadinian 0 0 0 325 145 180
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114 0 0 0 1,440 655 785
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115 10 0 0 1,480 710 770
Latin, Central and South American origins 75 50 25 49,105 23,700 25,400
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya) 0 0 0 1,790 935 860
Arawak 0 0 0 60 25 30
Argentinian 0 0 0 1,360 610 745
Belizean 0 0 0 35 20 15
Bolivian 0 0 0 185 60 130
Brazilian 0 0 0 4,060 1,830 2,235
Chilean 0 0 0 3,840 1,840 2,000
Colombian 0 0 0 4,600 2,240 2,355
Costa Rican 0 0 0 455 230 235
Ecuadorian 0 0 0 740 355 385
Guatemalan 0 0 0 1,990 1,050 940
Guyanese 25 15 10 1,240 635 605
Hispanic 0 0 0 1,205 575 630
Honduran 0 0 0 1,115 585 535
Maya 0 0 0 625 335 285
Mexican 30 20 10 15,115 7,170 7,945
Nicaraguan 0 0 0 1,060 485 570
Panamanian 0 0 0 190 100 90
Paraguayan 0 0 0 280 145 135
Peruvian 0 0 0 3,100 1,435 1,665
Salvadorean 0 0 0 5,310 2,690 2,620
Uruguayan 0 0 0 285 150 130
Venezuelan 15 10 0 1,555 750 805
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116 10 10 0 2,445 1,205 1,245
African origins 95 40 55 40,670 20,875 19,795
Central and West African origins 35 20 20 4,965 2,665 2,300
Akan 0 0 0 30 20 10
Angolan 0 0 0 55 30 25
Ashanti 0 0 0 65 20 40
Beninese 0 0 0 30 15 15
Burkinabe 0 0 0 20 15 0
Cameroonian 10 0 10 90 50 40
Chadian 0 0 0 10 0 10
Congolese 10 10 0 680 355 320
Edo 0 0 0 60 40 15
Ewe 0 0 0 55 25 30
Gabonese 0 0 0 10 0 10
Gambian 0 0 0 20 10 10
Ghanaian 0 0 0 1,270 705 565
Guinean 0 0 0 120 45 80
Ibo 0 0 0 200 115 85
Ivorian 0 0 0 45 30 15
Liberian 0 0 0 205 90 110
Malian 0 0 0 20 15 0
Malinké 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nigerian 10 10 0 1,680 925 755
Peulh 0 0 0 25 0 20
Senegalese 0 0 0 50 35 15
Sierra Leonean 0 0 0 90 45 50
Togolese 0 0 0 80 45 35
Wolof 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yoruba 0 0 0 130 70 60
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117 0 0 0 400 195 210
North African origins 35 20 15 7,325 3,840 3,485
Algerian 0 0 0 615 360 255
Berber 0 0 0 185 115 70
Coptic 15 0 10 120 70 55
Dinka 0 0 0 15 10 15
Egyptian 20 15 10 3,405 1,780 1,625
Libyan 0 0 0 210 145 60
Maure 0 0 0 105 40 65
Moroccan 0 0 0 1,480 780 695
Sudanese 0 0 0 940 405 535
Tunisian 0 0 0 380 205 170
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118 0 0 0 165 105 65
Southern and East African origins 20 0 20 17,295 8,745 8,555
Afrikaner 0 0 0 365 175 190
Amhara 0 0 0 110 60 50
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119 0 0 0 240 125 110
Burundian 0 0 0 195 85 110
Djiboutian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Eritrean 10 0 10 950 505 445
Ethiopian 0 0 0 2,020 1,060 960
Harari 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kenyan 0 0 0 1,170 570 605
Malagasy 0 0 0 80 50 30
Mauritian 0 0 0 755 420 340
Oromo 0 0 0 120 70 50
Rwandan 0 0 0 305 170 140
Seychellois 0 0 0 15 10 0
Somali 0 0 0 2,110 1,015 1,090
South African 10 0 10 6,485 3,300 3,180
Tanzanian 0 0 0 425 170 250
Tigrian 0 0 0 185 95 85
Ugandan 0 0 0 595 300 300
Zambian 0 0 0 120 60 55
Zimbabwean 0 0 0 565 290 275
Zulu 0 0 0 60 25 35
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120 0 0 0 1,390 690 695
Other African origins 0 0 10 11,690 5,945 5,740
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121 0 0 0 1,460 750 710
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122 10 0 10 10,320 5,240 5,080
Asian origins 810 380 430 1,128,155 536,680 591,475
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 105 65 45 86,090 44,390 41,700
Afghan 0 0 0 7,505 3,790 3,715
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123 0 0 0 4,655 2,510 2,145
Armenian 0 0 0 2,845 1,455 1,390
Assyrian 0 0 0 450 245 210
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 890 510 375
Georgian 0 0 0 550 285 260
Hazara 0 0 0 55 30 25
Iranian 10 10 0 44,355 22,490 21,865
Iraqi 0 0 0 5,205 2,635 2,565
Israeli 0 0 0 2,070 1,105 970
Jordanian 0 0 0 590 310 275
Kazakh 0 0 0 275 175 100
Kurd 0 0 0 1,980 1,075 900
Kuwaiti 0 0 0 105 70 35
Kyrgyz 0 0 0 155 85 65
Lebanese 25 20 10 5,320 2,830 2,490
Palestinian 0 0 0 2,245 1,190 1,060
Pashtun 0 0 0 325 190 135
Saudi Arabian 0 0 0 545 320 225
Syrian 40 20 20 2,780 1,340 1,445
Tajik 0 0 0 240 120 120
Tatar 0 0 0 650 325 325
Turk 35 25 10 5,185 2,865 2,325
Turkmen 0 0 0 70 50 30
Uighur 0 0 0 95 50 55
Uzbek 0 0 0 245 135 110
Yemeni 0 0 0 255 160 95
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124 0 0 0 2,135 1,105 1,030
South Asian origins 260 140 115 287,905 143,920 143,985
Bangladeshi 0 0 0 1,510 745 760
Bengali 0 0 0 755 350 405
Bhutanese 0 0 0 95 55 45
East Indian 190 95 95 243,135 121,175 121,960
Goan 0 0 0 315 155 155
Gujarati 0 0 0 615 300 320
Kashmiri 0 0 0 150 75 75
Nepali 10 10 0 1,155 555 600
Pakistani 30 25 0 10,820 5,610 5,210
Punjabi 0 0 0 30,670 15,525 15,145
Sinhalese 0 0 0 525 290 235
Sri Lankan 45 20 25 5,070 2,660 2,410
Tamil 0 0 0 1,055 575 475
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125 0 0 0 7,200 3,545 3,655
East and Southeast Asian origins 440 175 270 759,855 351,250 408,605
Burmese 0 0 0 1,965 1,000 965
Cambodian (Khmer) 0 0 0 2,510 1,200 1,310
Chinese 235 110 130 499,175 234,015 265,160
Filipino 155 55 110 133,925 59,375 74,555
Hmong 0 0 0 115 55 60
Indonesian 0 0 0 4,935 2,360 2,575
Japanese 0 0 0 37,630 16,285 21,345
Karen 0 0 0 890 445 440
Korean 15 0 10 55,505 25,715 29,785
Laotian 0 0 0 1,775 865 905
Malaysian 0 0 0 4,235 1,955 2,275
Mongolian 0 0 0 1,000 485 520
Singaporean 0 0 0 900 420 475
Taiwanese 10 10 0 20,340 9,315 11,025
Thai 0 0 0 3,330 1,300 2,030
Tibetan 0 0 0 450 235 215
Vietnamese 50 20 30 34,915 17,065 17,850
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126 0 0 0 625 265 365
Other Asian origins 0 0 0 1,805 910 890
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127 0 0 0 1,800 910 890
Oceania origins 60 30 30 26,815 13,345 13,470
Australian 55 20 30 8,360 4,365 3,990
New Zealander 10 10 0 3,340 1,695 1,645
Pacific Islands origins 0 0 0 15,550 7,525 8,030
Fijian 0 0 0 13,080 6,375 6,705
Hawaiian 0 0 0 865 370 495
Maori 0 0 0 565 320 245
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128 0 0 0 340 145 200
Samoan 0 0 0 245 130 120
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129 0 0 0 675 325 355
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130 10,340 ... ... 960,895 ... ...
Owner 5,890 ... ... 612,005 ... ...
Renter 4,445 ... ... 348,700 ... ...
Band housing 0 ... ... 190 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131 10,340 ... ... 960,890 ... ...
Condominium 1,020 ... ... 293,765 ... ...
Not condominium 9,325 ... ... 667,130 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132 10,340 ... ... 960,895 ... ...
No bedrooms 45 ... ... 17,180 ... ...
1 bedroom 1,445 ... ... 208,400 ... ...
2 bedrooms 3,410 ... ... 259,450 ... ...
3 bedrooms 3,690 ... ... 215,335 ... ...
4 or more bedrooms 1,745 ... ... 260,530 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133 10,340 ... ... 960,895 ... ...
1 to 4 rooms 2,875 ... ... 413,395 ... ...
5 rooms 1,815 ... ... 129,200 ... ...
6 rooms 1,605 ... ... 100,705 ... ...
7 rooms 1,430 ... ... 83,140 ... ...
8 or more rooms 2,620 ... ... 234,455 ... ...
Average number of rooms per dwelling 6.1 ... ... 5.6 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134 10,340 ... ... 960,895 ... ...
One person or fewer per room 10,295 ... ... 927,685 ... ...
More than 1 person per room 45 ... ... 33,210 ... ...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135 10,340 ... ... 960,895 ... ...
Suitable 10,045 ... ... 890,530 ... ...
Not suitable 295 ... ... 70,365 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136 10,340 ... ... 960,895 ... ...
1960 or before 4,160 ... ... 128,710 ... ...
1961 to 1980 3,515 ... ... 253,840 ... ...
1981 to 1990 1,180 ... ... 151,755 ... ...
1991 to 2000 820 ... ... 171,550 ... ...
2001 to 2005 220 ... ... 71,265 ... ...
2006 to 2010 195 ... ... 95,905 ... ...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137 245 ... ... 87,860 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138 10,340 ... ... 960,895 ... ...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed 9,500 ... ... 906,230 ... ...
Major repairs needed 840 ... ... 54,665 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139 10,340 ... ... 960,890 ... ...
1 household maintainer 6,855 ... ... 555,795 ... ...
2 household maintainers 3,340 ... ... 364,605 ... ...
3 or more household maintainers 140 ... ... 40,495 ... ...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140 10,340 ... ... 960,895 ... ...
15 to 24 years 280 ... ... 30,215 ... ...
25 to 34 years 1,155 ... ... 142,600 ... ...
35 to 44 years 1,265 ... ... 171,450 ... ...
45 to 54 years 1,790 ... ... 209,675 ... ...
55 to 64 years 2,140 ... ... 188,785 ... ...
65 to 74 years 1,915 ... ... 126,445 ... ...
75 to 84 years 1,255 ... ... 66,030 ... ...
85 years and over 540 ... ... 25,700 ... ...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141 10,330 ... ... 953,380 ... ...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs 7,125 ... ... 648,420 ... ...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs 3,205 ... ... 304,955 ... ...
30% to less than 100% 2,960 ... ... 240,995 ... ...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 5,895 ... ... 608,080 ... ...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142 50.6 ... ... 60.3 ... ...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141 15.0 ... ... 25.4 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 877 ... ... 1,376 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 1,025 ... ... 1,622 ... ...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144 219,469 ... ... 800,220 ... ...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144 251,217 ... ... 1,005,920 ... ...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 4,450 ... ... 347,220 ... ...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145 18.1 ... ... 13.1 ... ...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141 52.3 ... ... 43.5 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 849 ... ... 1,136 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 883 ... ... 1,242 ... ...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146 18,425 8,525 9,895 2,064,615 998,830 1,065,780
No certificate, diploma or degree 3,835 1,890 1,945 287,140 139,610 147,525
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147 5,700 2,700 3,000 589,945 288,420 301,520
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 8,890 3,935 4,955 1,187,535 570,805 616,735
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 1,195 835 370 133,015 94,640 38,380
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148 685 400 285 61,205 35,085 26,125
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149 510 430 85 71,810 59,560 12,255
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 4,735 1,715 3,025 345,285 145,135 200,145
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 275 115 160 77,850 32,950 44,900
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 2,680 1,270 1,405 631,385 298,080 333,305
Bachelor's degree 1,810 855 955 415,805 191,250 224,555
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 200 105 100 44,855 18,920 25,935
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 65 30 35 18,130 9,810 8,320
Master's degree 530 235 290 129,655 63,870 65,785
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150 70 45 25 22,935 14,225 8,710
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146 10,690 5,105 5,585 1,392,440 671,965 720,470
No certificate, diploma or degree 1,535 880 655 111,570 58,090 53,480
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147 3,115 1,600 1,515 339,185 168,975 170,210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 6,035 2,620 3,410 941,680 444,900 496,780
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 685 490 195 93,815 67,360 26,455
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148 380 230 150 43,160 24,930 18,230
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149 310 260 45 50,650 42,425 8,225
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 3,345 1,240 2,110 267,625 112,740 154,880
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 170 60 105 58,545 24,490 34,055
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 1,840 835 1,005 521,700 240,315 281,385
Bachelor's degree 1,235 560 675 342,235 154,945 187,290
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 130 70 60 35,945 14,735 21,210
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 50 20 30 14,490 7,215 7,280
Master's degree 390 180 210 111,335 53,025 58,305
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150 35 0 25 17,695 10,395 7,300
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151 18,425 8,525 9,895 2,064,610 998,830 1,065,780
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152 9,535 4,590 4,945 877,080 428,030 449,050
Education 595 150 445 69,880 15,410 54,465
13. Education 595 150 450 69,880 15,415 54,465
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 245 125 120 67,210 31,005 36,200
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 60 50 15 11,495 8,715 2,780
50. Visual and performing arts 185 70 110 55,710 22,295 33,420
Humanities 420 205 225 79,940 30,295 49,650
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics 30 10 30 11,125 2,575 8,545
23. English language and literature/letters 95 30 65 22,630 7,010 15,625
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 110 70 45 24,845 9,590 15,260
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153 10 0 0 345 135 210
38. Philosophy and religious studies 20 10 0 4,010 2,390 1,620
39. Theology and religious vocations 75 45 30 5,345 3,190 2,160
54. History 75 40 30 9,335 4,975 4,360
55. French language and literature/letters 25 0 25 2,305 430 1,870
Social and behavioural sciences and law 980 345 635 155,565 57,725 97,840
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 10 0 0 2,610 690 1,925
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 100 50 50 16,575 5,980 10,595
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 205 25 180 19,095 1,740 17,350
22. Legal professions and studies 120 40 75 24,595 9,275 15,320
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154 45 0 45 2,635 775 1,860
42. Psychology 180 35 145 26,775 7,545 19,235
45. Social sciences 330 190 140 63,280 31,730 31,550
Business, management and public administration 1,860 670 1,190 260,400 112,020 148,380
30.16 Accounting and computer science 10 0 0 415 130 290
44. Public administration and social service professions 190 35 150 10,235 2,470 7,765
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 1,670 635 1,035 249,745 109,420 140,320
Physical and life sciences and technologies 265 120 145 55,940 29,305 26,640
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 85 25 65 22,715 10,225 12,490
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 60 20 35 13,390 6,570 6,820
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155 0 0 0 635 160 470
40. Physical sciences 75 55 20 17,610 11,790 5,815
41. Science technologies/technicians 45 20 25 1,600 565 1,035
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 305 160 150 56,690 37,010 19,680
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 225 115 110 44,920 31,725 13,190
25. Library science 45 0 35 3,210 480 2,725
27. Mathematics and statistics 35 40 0 7,975 4,430 3,550
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156 0 0 0 595 375 215
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 1,445 1,370 75 211,910 186,360 25,555
04. Architecture and related services 40 35 0 11,380 7,200 4,185
14. Engineering 265 245 20 74,080 59,710 14,370
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields 390 350 35 33,830 29,890 3,940
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 0 0 0 35 25 15
46. Construction trades 285 275 0 39,190 37,980 1,215
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 345 345 0 35,810 34,715 1,095
48. Precision production 125 115 10 17,580 16,840 745
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 110 70 40 16,890 9,535 7,355
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences 65 45 25 10,385 5,480 4,905
03. Natural resources and conservation 40 25 20 6,505 4,060 2,450
Health and related fields 1,985 355 1,625 159,905 36,460 123,445
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies 70 50 20 12,705 6,580 6,125
51. Health professions and related programs 1,885 290 1,590 141,905 26,980 114,930
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs 30 15 20 5,300 2,910 2,390
Personal, protective and transportation services 665 365 300 52,975 25,595 27,375
12. Personal and culinary services 345 115 230 36,770 12,025 24,740
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 10 10 0 90 85 0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 20 20 0 265 255 15
43. Security and protective services 220 160 65 5,915 4,425 1,490
49. Transportation and materials moving 75 70 10 9,935 8,810 1,125
Other 0 0 0 220 70 155
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other 0 0 0 225 70 150
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151 10,690 5,100 5,585 1,392,435 671,970 720,475
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152 4,655 2,475 2,175 450,760 227,065 223,690
Education 370 100 265 49,160 10,165 38,995
13. Education 370 100 260 49,160 10,165 38,995
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 175 85 90 54,535 25,045 29,485
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 35 30 0 9,120 6,970 2,145
50. Visual and performing arts 145 60 85 45,420 18,075 27,340
Humanities 275 125 155 62,805 23,065 39,740
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics 15 0 15 8,935 1,885 7,060
23. English language and literature/letters 50 10 40 17,555 5,320 12,235
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 75 35 45 20,030 7,495 12,530
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153 0 0 0 270 115 155
38. Philosophy and religious studies 15 10 10 3,140 1,830 1,310
39. Theology and religious vocations 50 30 20 3,965 2,345 1,620
54. History 55 35 20 7,210 3,750 3,460
55. French language and literature/letters 15 0 15 1,710 325 1,380
Social and behavioural sciences and law 705 220 485 127,395 45,820 81,575
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 10 0 0 2,270 580 1,685
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 80 35 45 14,210 5,005 9,205
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 160 15 140 15,160 1,385 13,775
22. Legal professions and studies 80 30 50 20,290 6,915 13,375
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154 35 0 35 2,135 615 1,515
42. Psychology 105 10 95 21,465 5,815 15,650
45. Social sciences 245 135 115 51,875 25,505 26,370
Business, management and public administration 1,265 415 845 213,390 90,380 123,010
30.16 Accounting and computer science 0 0 10 310 110 205
44. Public administration and social service professions 145 20 130 8,095 1,895 6,200
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 1,115 395 715 204,980 88,375 116,610
Physical and life sciences and technologies 155 75 80 42,720 21,690 21,025
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 60 20 35 18,145 8,020 10,125
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 30 10 20 9,880 4,680 5,190
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155 0 0 0 500 120 380
40. Physical sciences 40 25 15 13,100 8,505 4,600
41. Science technologies/technicians 20 10 10 1,090 370 725
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 205 115 95 49,880 32,880 16,995
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 165 90 80 40,915 28,950 11,965
25. Library science 15 10 15 2,350 365 1,980
27. Mathematics and statistics 25 20 10 6,115 3,265 2,855
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156 0 0 0 500 305 190
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 960 905 55 162,555 140,255 22,295
04. Architecture and related services 35 30 10 9,170 5,455 3,720
14. Engineering 160 145 15 60,355 47,375 12,980
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields 255 225 30 24,980 21,790 3,195
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 0 0 0 30 20 10
46. Construction trades 205 200 0 29,305 28,340 965
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 245 240 0 26,760 25,920 840
48. Precision production 60 60 0 11,945 11,360 585
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 80 50 35 13,480 7,310 6,175
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences 60 35 20 8,225 4,160 4,060
03. Natural resources and conservation 25 10 15 5,255 3,150 2,110
Health and related fields 1,375 285 1,090 125,490 28,745 96,745
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies 60 45 20 10,075 5,185 4,890
51. Health professions and related programs 1,295 230 1,060 111,260 21,465 89,795
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs 20 10 15 4,150 2,095 2,055
Personal, protective and transportation services 475 250 220 40,090 19,480 20,615
12. Personal and culinary services 275 100 170 27,525 9,115 18,415
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 0 0 0 50 40 0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 10 10 0 100 95 0
43. Security and protective services 145 105 40 4,830 3,550 1,285
49. Transportation and materials moving 50 40 10 7,590 6,675 915
Other 0 0 0 180 55 125
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other 0 0 0 180 55 125
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157 18,420 8,525 9,895 2,064,610 998,830 1,065,785
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 9,535 4,595 4,945 877,080 428,030 449,050
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158 8,885 3,935 4,955 1,187,535 570,800 616,730
Location of study inside Canada 8,110 3,580 4,535 808,030 390,720 417,305
Same as province or territory of residence 7,120 3,105 4,020 651,955 311,410 340,540
Different than province or territory of residence 985 470 515 156,075 79,315 76,765
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159 775 355 420 379,505 180,085 199,425
United StatesCensus data footnote 160 240 115 130 42,495 23,540 18,950
Philippines 70 15 50 48,070 17,830 30,235
India 65 40 25 35,220 17,470 17,750
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161 175 90 85 33,175 18,105 15,075
ChinaCensus data footnote 162 50 20 30 58,575 26,315 32,260
France 0 0 0 3,360 1,850 1,510
Other 175 70 100 158,620 74,970 83,645
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157 10,690 5,105 5,585 1,392,440 671,965 720,475
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 4,655 2,480 2,175 450,755 227,065 223,695
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158 6,035 2,625 3,410 941,680 444,900 496,780
Location of study inside Canada 5,555 2,415 3,140 641,620 307,965 333,660
Same as province or territory of residence 5,045 2,175 2,870 522,570 247,290 275,280
Different than province or territory of residence 505 240 265 119,050 60,675 58,380
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159 480 205 275 300,060 136,945 163,120
United StatesCensus data footnote 160 205 95 105 31,755 17,170 14,585
Philippines 55 15 40 41,080 15,065 26,015
India 65 40 25 29,660 14,025 15,640
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161 35 10 25 21,325 11,475 9,850
ChinaCensus data footnote 162 45 10 35 50,710 22,290 28,420
France 0 0 0 2,810 1,575 1,245
Other 80 35 45 122,715 55,350 67,365
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163 18,420 8,525 9,895 2,064,615 998,830 1,065,780
In the labour force 9,885 4,965 4,915 1,355,520 703,360 652,160
Employed 8,930 4,415 4,510 1,276,900 663,790 613,115
Unemployed 955 550 405 78,620 39,575 39,045
Not in the labour force 8,540 3,555 4,985 709,095 295,475 413,625
Participation rate 53.7 58.2 49.7 65.7 70.4 61.2
Employment rate 48.5 51.8 45.6 61.8 66.5 57.5
Unemployment rate 9.7 11.1 8.2 5.8 5.6 6.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164 18,420 8,525 9,900 2,064,615 998,835 1,065,780
Did not workCensus data footnote 165 8,240 3,450 4,790 665,510 276,425 389,090
Worked 10,180 5,070 5,105 1,399,105 722,405 676,695
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166 5,095 2,700 2,395 657,635 374,990 282,655
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167 5,090 2,375 2,715 741,460 347,420 394,040
Average weeks worked in reference year 42.7 42.6 42.8 42.2 43.0 41.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168 9,880 4,965 4,915 1,355,520 703,360 652,160
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 320 165 150 24,955 11,635 13,330
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170 9,565 4,800 4,765 1,330,560 691,730 638,830
Employee 8,695 4,275 4,425 1,150,055 579,380 570,680
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171 875 525 340 180,510 112,355 68,150
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172 9,880 4,965 4,915 1,355,520 703,360 652,160
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 315 170 150 24,955 11,635 13,325
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170 9,565 4,800 4,765 1,330,565 691,730 638,835
0 Management occupations 900 515 385 156,615 97,575 59,040
1 Business, finance and administration occupations 1,305 460 850 222,325 71,120 151,205
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 405 340 65 101,410 79,690 21,715
3 Health occupations 875 165 705 83,995 20,065 63,930
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services 1,070 360 710 148,620 49,535 99,085
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 150 45 105 61,980 31,655 30,320
6 Sales and service occupations 2,865 1,190 1,675 331,590 147,165 184,430
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 1,115 1,040 75 167,640 157,865 9,770
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 160 145 20 17,660 12,070 5,585
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 720 545 170 38,745 24,985 13,760
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173 9,885 4,970 4,915 1,355,520 703,360 652,160
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 315 165 150 24,955 11,635 13,325
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170 9,565 4,805 4,765 1,330,565 691,730 638,835
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 100 80 20 13,020 6,860 6,160
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 0 10 0 4,475 3,245 1,225
22 Utilities 55 50 0 6,840 4,430 2,410
23 Construction 535 475 60 98,365 85,810 12,555
31-33 Manufacturing 1,005 800 210 84,355 56,870 27,485
41 Wholesale trade 295 200 100 55,415 36,140 19,280
44-45 Retail trade 1,400 640 760 150,000 70,385 79,610
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 345 285 65 74,775 57,465 17,320
51 Information and cultural industries 115 65 50 50,230 31,635 18,595
52 Finance and insurance 230 95 140 65,250 28,935 36,310
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 175 75 95 35,440 19,460 15,980
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 370 175 190 133,130 74,620 58,510
55 Management of companies and enterprises 10 0 10 3,185 1,450 1,735
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 710 465 245 61,005 35,270 25,730
61 Educational services 705 210 500 99,835 33,935 65,895
62 Health care and social assistance 1,600 335 1,265 137,665 28,495 109,175
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 165 55 105 31,530 15,900 15,635
72 Accommodation and food services 935 365 570 111,365 48,700 62,665
81 Other services (except public administration) 305 130 180 60,840 24,875 35,970
91 Public administration 495 285 210 53,855 27,260 26,595
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174 8,925 4,420 4,505 1,276,900 663,785 613,115
Worked at home 455 230 225 104,865 52,665 52,200
Worked outside Canada 45 25 25 12,825 9,110 3,715
No fixed workplace address 830 570 260 169,320 123,645 45,680
Worked at usual place 7,590 3,590 4,000 989,890 478,370 511,520
Commuting destinationThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data 7,590 3,590 4,000 989,890 478,370 511,515
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence 5,460 2,435 3,020 436,405 192,755 243,650
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence 1,495 780 720 534,530 274,720 259,810
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence 600 340 260 14,895 8,330 6,570
Commute to a different province or territory 40 30 0 4,060 2,565 1,490
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175 8,425 4,160 4,260 1,159,210 602,015 557,195
Car, truck, van - as a driver 6,275 3,210 3,065 745,820 419,660 326,160
Car, truck, van - as a passenger 815 315 495 58,040 22,500 35,535
Public transit 170 70 100 235,985 100,450 135,535
Walked 945 405 540 77,830 33,760 44,070
Bicycle 100 80 20 27,235 17,585 9,650
Other method 125 80 45 14,310 8,060 6,250
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176 8,425 4,165 4,260 1,159,215 602,015 557,200
Less than 15 minutes 5,215 2,380 2,830 207,760 93,360 114,400
15 to 29 minutes 1,930 995 940 375,370 191,565 183,805
30 to 44 minutes 540 310 235 306,130 169,105 137,030
45 to 59 minutes 255 140 115 139,550 76,570 62,975
60 minutes and over 490 345 145 130,400 71,410 58,990
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177 8,420 4,165 4,260 1,159,215 602,015 557,200
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m. 575 365 210 75,910 52,030 23,880
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m. 1,585 890 695 182,840 110,300 72,540
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m. 2,275 1,170 1,105 282,190 141,805 140,385
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m. 1,665 675 985 260,325 120,855 139,470
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. 790 300 490 183,650 83,955 99,695
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m. 1,535 755 780 174,300 93,070 81,235
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178 10,570 5,275 5,295 1,449,815 746,815 703,000
Single responses 10,545 5,265 5,275 1,408,670 726,520 682,150
Official languages 10,530 5,255 5,270 1,333,805 686,635 647,170
English 10,445 5,250 5,195 1,330,560 685,755 644,805
French 85 10 75 3,240 880 2,360
Non-official languages 10 0 10 74,865 39,885 34,980
Aboriginal languages 0 0 0 10 0 10
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 0 10 0
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Moose Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Plains Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Woods Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 10 0
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Algonquin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ojibway 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chilcotin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dene 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuit languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kutenai 0 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages 0 0 0 10 0 0
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0 0 0
Okanagan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Squamish 0 0 0 10 0 0
Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 0
Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haisla 0 0 0 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal languages 10 10 10 74,855 39,880 34,980
Afro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 390 250 140
Berber languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kabyle 0 0 0 0 0 0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 10 0 0
Bilen 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oromo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Somali 0 0 0 10 0 10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Semitic languages 0 0 0 380 250 135
Amharic 0 0 0 0 0 0
Arabic 0 0 0 275 195 75
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 25 15 10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0 0 0
Harari 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hebrew 0 0 0 75 30 45
Maltese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tigrigna 0 0 0 0 0 0
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Austro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 2,000 915 1,090
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 20 15 10
Vietnamese 0 0 0 1,985 905 1,080
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0 0 0
Austronesian languages 0 0 0 745 360 380
Bikol 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cebuano 0 0 0 10 0 0
Fijian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ilocano 0 0 0 30 10 15
Malagasy 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malay 0 0 0 50 35 15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pangasinan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 0 0 0 630 300 330
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 0 0 0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 20 15 0
Creole languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 0 0 0
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dravidian languages 0 0 0 30 15 15
Kannada 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malayalam 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tamil 0 0 0 30 10 15
Telugu 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Indo-European languages 0 0 0 17,425 10,045 7,375
Albanian 0 0 0 15 15 0
Armenian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balto-Slavic languages 0 0 0 725 335 390
Baltic languages 0 0 0 10 10 0
Latvian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lithuanian 0 0 0 10 0 0
Slavic languages 0 0 0 720 330 385
Belarusan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bosnian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bulgarian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Croatian 0 0 0 25 10 15
Czech 0 0 0 20 15 10
Macedonian 0 0 0 0 0 10
Polish 0 0 0 95 45 50
Russian 0 0 0 435 185 250
Serbian 0 0 0 85 50 35
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slovak 0 0 0 10 10 0
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ukrainian 0 0 0 20 10 10
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Celtic languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 0 0 0
Welsh 0 0 0 0 0 0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Germanic languages 0 0 0 335 185 155
Afrikaans 0 0 0 0 10 0
Danish 0 0 0 10 10 0
Dutch 0 0 0 70 45 25
Frisian 0 0 0 0 0 0
German 0 0 0 205 100 105
Icelandic 0 0 0 0 0 0
Norwegian 0 0 0 15 10 0
Swedish 0 0 0 30 20 0
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yiddish 0 0 0 10 0 10
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Greek 0 0 0 55 25 35
Indo-Iranian languages 0 0 0 14,590 8,630 5,960
Indo-Aryan languages 0 0 0 13,515 7,915 5,600
Bengali 0 0 0 20 15 0
Gujarati 0 0 0 35 15 25
Hindi 0 0 0 265 160 105
Kashmiri 0 0 0 0 0 0
Konkani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Marathi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nepali 0 0 0 25 10 10
Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Punjabi (Panjabi) 0 0 0 13,130 7,690 5,435
Sindhi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Urdu 0 0 0 40 20 20
Iranian languages 0 0 0 1,070 715 355
Kurdish 0 0 0 25 20 0
Pashto 0 0 0 0 0 0
Persian (Farsi) 0 0 0 1,045 695 350
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Italic (Romance) languages 0 0 0 1,700 860 835
Catalan 0 0 0 10 0 0
Italian 0 0 0 85 40 50
Portuguese 0 0 0 490 250 250
Romanian 0 0 0 70 40 20
Spanish 0 0 0 1,040 530 515
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 0 0
Japanese 0 0 0 1,545 585 955
Kartvelian languages 0 0 0 10 10 0
Georgian 0 0 0 10 10 0
Korean 0 0 0 5,075 2,720 2,355
Mongolic languages 0 0 0 10 10 10
Mongolian 0 0 0 10 10 0
Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 10 0 0
Bamanankan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Edo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ewe 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ganda 0 0 0 0 0 0
Igbo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lingala 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shona 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swahili 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wolof 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yoruba 0 0 0 0 0 0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dinka 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sign languages 0 0 0 175 55 120
American Sign Language 0 0 0 140 30 110
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sign languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 30 25 10
Sino-Tibetan languages 10 0 10 47,255 24,800 22,455
Chinese languages 10 0 0 47,190 24,765 22,425
Cantonese 0 0 0 22,890 11,635 11,255
Hakka 0 0 0 10 10 10
Mandarin 10 10 0 23,190 12,570 10,625
Min Dong 0 0 0 0 0 0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 205 115 90
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 45 25 25
Chinese, n.o.s. 0 0 0 845 410 435
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 65 40 25
Burmese 0 0 0 20 10 10
Karenic languages 0 0 0 40 25 20
Tibetan 0 0 0 10 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 100 45 50
Lao 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thai 0 0 0 100 45 55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0 0 0
Turkic languages 0 0 0 50 35 10
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 10 10 0
Turkish 0 0 0 35 25 0
Uyghur 0 0 0 10 0 10
Uzbek 0 0 0 0 0 0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Uralic languages 0 0 0 30 20 15
Estonian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Finnish 0 0 0 15 10 10
Hungarian 0 0 0 10 10 10
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 30 15 15
Multiple responses 30 10 20 41,150 20,295 20,850
English and French 25 10 15 2,780 1,230 1,550
English and non-official language 0 0 0 37,985 18,925 19,060
French and non-official language 0 0 0 40 25 15
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 345 120 225
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179 10,570 5,280 5,300 1,449,815 746,815 702,995
None 10,150 5,080 5,065 1,311,370 677,965 633,405
English 45 15 35 30,725 15,720 15,005
French 320 165 160 11,780 5,165 6,620
Non-official language 50 20 30 93,465 46,780 46,685
Aboriginal 0 0 0 120 45 75
Non-Aboriginal 55 15 35 93,350 46,730 46,615
English and French 0 0 0 35 25 15
English and non-official language 0 0 0 1,115 540 580
French and non-official language 10 0 0 1,320 630 690
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 10 0 0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180 21,010 9,825 11,180 2,403,020 1,173,535 1,229,485
Non-movers 17,690 8,200 9,485 2,024,075 986,910 1,037,160
Movers 3,325 1,625 1,700 378,945 186,625 192,325
Non-migrants 1,970 955 1,010 207,285 101,795 105,490
Migrants 1,350 670 685 171,660 84,825 86,830
Internal migrants 1,255 630 625 117,565 58,205 59,360
Intraprovincial migrants 1,025 525 495 93,805 46,105 47,695
Interprovincial migrants 235 105 130 23,760 12,095 11,660
External migrants 95 40 60 54,095 26,620 27,475
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181 20,325 9,490 10,830 2,310,250 1,125,645 1,184,605
Non-movers 11,640 5,410 6,235 1,298,685 632,380 666,305
Movers 8,680 4,085 4,595 1,011,565 493,265 518,305
Non-migrants 4,950 2,385 2,565 516,530 251,585 264,945
Migrants 3,735 1,695 2,035 495,035 241,680 253,360
Internal migrants 3,535 1,610 1,925 309,040 151,835 157,205
Intraprovincial migrants 3,075 1,395 1,680 246,850 121,080 125,765
Interprovincial migrants 460 215 245 62,195 30,755 31,440
External migrants 195 85 110 186,000 89,845 96,155

Source

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Brockville [Population centre], Ontario and Greater Vancouver, RD [Census division], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 19, 2024).

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