Census Profile, 2016 Census
Red Deer [Population centre], Alberta and Oakland-Wawanesa, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Red Deer Alberta [Population centre]			Oakland-Wawanesa, MU Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Red Deer [Population centre], Alberta Map : Red Deer [Population centre], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Oakland-Wawanesa, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	99,718	...	...	1,690	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	89,715 ^r	...	...	1,618^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	11.1	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	41,989	...	...	655	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	39,704	...	...	611	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,585.2	...	...	2.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	62.91	...	...	576.68	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	99,720	49,345	50,370	1,690	860	830
0 to 14 years	18,565	9,540	9,030	355	190	170
0 to 4 years	6,320	3,270	3,055	120	60	55
5 to 9 years	6,515	3,345	3,175	135	70	65
10 to 14 years	5,730	2,925	2,805	105	60	50
15 to 64 years	69,270	34,610	34,660	1,080	540	535
15 to 19 years	5,990	3,095	2,895	100	50	50
20 to 24 years	7,000	3,480	3,525	70	35	30
25 to 29 years	8,185	4,185	4,000	100	45	50
30 to 34 years	8,435	4,270	4,160	110	50	55
35 to 39 years	7,590	3,815	3,775	115	55	60
40 to 44 years	6,820	3,530	3,290	100	50	50
45 to 49 years	6,215	3,065	3,150	105	50	50
50 to 54 years	6,680	3,220	3,460	120	60	55
55 to 59 years	6,845	3,295	3,550	140	75	70
60 to 64 years	5,510	2,660	2,855	120	60	60
65 years and over	11,880	5,190	6,685	255	120	135
65 to 69 years	3,985	1,895	2,100	90	45	40
70 to 74 years	2,660	1,230	1,430	65	30	35
75 to 79 years	2,020	845	1,175	50	30	20
80 to 84 years	1,545	660	885	15	10	10
85 years and over	1,665	565	1,105	35	10	20
85 to 89 years	1,105	440	670	20	10	10
90 to 94 years	445	100	340	5	5	5
95 to 99 years	95	20	75	0	0	0
100 years and over	20	5	20	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.6	19.3	17.9	21.0	22.1	20.5
15 to 64 years	69.5	70.1	68.8	63.9	62.8	64.5
65 years and over	11.9	10.5	13.3	15.1	14.0	16.3
85 years and over	1.7	1.1	2.2	2.1	1.2	2.4
Average age of the population	37.6	36.6	38.6	39.5	38.9	40.2
Median age of the population	36.1	35.1	37.0	39.9	39.5	40.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	39,705	...	...	610	...	...
Single-detached house	20,860	...	...	520	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	585	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	17,180	...	...	25	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,210	...	...	10	...	...
Row house	4,010	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,515	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,415	...	...	15	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,080	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	39,705	...	...	615	...	...
1 person	10,605	...	...	125	...	...
2 persons	13,955	...	...	265	...	...
3 persons	6,265	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	5,530	...	...	95	...	...
5 or more persons	3,355	...	...	50	...	...
Number of persons in private households	97,775	...	...	1,540	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	81,145	39,800	41,340	1,335	665	670
Married or living common law	45,630	22,840	22,795	930	465	465
Married	37,020	18,540	18,485	820	410	410
Living common law	8,610	4,300	4,310	105	55	50
Not married and not living common law	35,520	16,965	18,550	405	200	205
Never married	23,220	12,885	10,340	260	145	115
Separated	2,305	965	1,340	20	15	5
Divorced	6,155	2,355	3,805	60	30	25
Widowed	3,835	760	3,070	65	10	55
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	26,965	...	...	470	...	...
2 persons	13,775	...	...	260	...	...
3 persons	5,700	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	5,135	...	...	95	...	...
5 or more persons	2,355	...	...	45	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	26,965	...	...	470	...	...
Total couple families	22,270	...	...	430	...	...
Married couples	17,965	...	...	375	...	...
Common-law couples	4,305	...	...	50	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,695	...	...	45	...	...
Female parent	3,755	...	...	30	...	...
Male parent	935	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	22,270	...	...	435	...	...
Couples without children	10,915	...	...	235	...	...
Couples with children	11,355	...	...	200	...	...
1 child	4,350	...	...	55	...	...
2 children	4,765	...	...	90	...	...
3 or more children	2,245	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,695	...	...	40	...	...
1 child	2,860	...	...	25	...	...
2 children	1,345	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	490	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	20,090	10,350	9,745	170	90	75
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	39,705	...	...	615	...	...
One-census-family households	25,590	...	...	470	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	10,410	...	...	235	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	15,180	...	...	230	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	675	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,435	...	...	140	...	...
One-person households	10,605	...	...	125	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,835	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	98,340	48,740	49,600	1,665	850	815
English only	92,085	45,885	46,200	1,580	810	780
French only	75	35	40	0	0	0
English and French	5,405	2,470	2,940	80	40	35
Neither English nor French	770	350	420	5	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	98,335	48,740	49,595	1,665	850	820
English	96,155	47,680	48,475	1,645	835	805
French	1,225	630	600	20	10	5
English and French	205	90	110	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	755	340	415	5	5	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,330	670	655	15	10	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.4	1.3	0.9	1.2	0.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	98,340	48,740	49,600	1,670	845	820
Single responses	96,600	47,890	48,705	1,660	845	815
Official languages	83,335	41,435	41,905	1,465	745	715
English	82,030	40,775	41,260	1,445	730	710
French	1,305	660	650	20	10	10
Non-official languages	13,260	6,460	6,805	200	100	95
Aboriginal languages	90	35	60	10	0	5
Algonquian languages	75	25	45	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55	15	40	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	5	10	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	35	10	20	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	5	10	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	10	10	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	5	0	0	0
Stoney	5	0	5	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,175	6,425	6,745	190	95	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	710	395	315	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	65	35	25	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	635	350	285	5	5	5
Amharic	25	5	15	0	0	0
Arabic	550	310	240	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	50	25	30	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	300	145	155	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	25	35	0	0	0
Vietnamese	235	115	120	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	4,245	1,925	2,320	5	5	0
Bikol	25	10	10	0	0	0
Cebuano	125	45	70	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	40	10	25	0	0	0
Ilocano	235	105	130	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	40	25	15	0	0	0
Pangasinan	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,720	1,685	2,035	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	15	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	135	70	60	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	50	30	25	0	0	0
Tamil	55	25	25	0	0	0
Telugu	20	15	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,135	3,100	3,040	175	90	85
Albanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,535	755	780	15	5	5
Baltic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,510	745	765	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	75	35	40	0	5	0
Bulgarian	25	5	20	0	0	0
Croatian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	25	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	180	100	80	0	0	0
Russian	365	170	195	5	0	5
Serbian	55	35	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slovak	25	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	675	350	330	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Welsh	10	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,170	565	605	165	85	80
Afrikaans	90	40	45	5	0	0
Danish	55	30	30	0	0	0
Dutch	360	170	190	0	0	0
Frisian	10	5	0	0	0	0
German	615	295	320	155	80	75
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	5	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	15	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,310	690	625	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	935	495	440	0	0	0
Bengali	50	25	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	80	40	40	0	0	0
Hindi	225	125	105	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	225	110	105	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	55	30	25	0	0	0
Urdu	265	145	120	0	0	0
Iranian languages	365	185	175	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	90	45	50	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	270	145	130	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,025	1,040	985	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Portuguese	70	40	30	0	0	0
Romanian	130	65	65	0	0	0
Spanish	1,745	900	850	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	5	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	255	135	120	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	125	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	30	15	20	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	10	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	40	20	15	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Dinka	25	15	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	805	375	430	0	0	5
Chinese languages	795	370	430	0	0	5
Cantonese	460	220	235	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	265	115	150	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	20	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	85	30	50	0	0	0
Lao	45	20	25	0	0	0
Thai	40	5	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	120	60	55	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	90	50	40	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,740	850	885	5	5	5
English and French	240	120	120	5	0	5
English and non-official language	1,445	695	750	5	5	0
French and non-official language	25	15	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	15	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	98,335	48,740	49,595	1,665	850	815
Single responses	94,510	46,890	47,620	1,660	845	815
Official languages	87,795	43,495	44,300	1,505	770	735
English	87,400	43,300	44,100	1,505	765	735
French	395	200	195	5	0	0
Non-official languages	6,715	3,395	3,315	150	75	75
Aboriginal languages	10	5	10	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	5	5	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,705	3,390	3,310	145	70	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	520	280	240	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	35	25	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	465	250	220	5	0	0
Amharic	10	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	410	225	185	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	20	25	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	180	90	95	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	150	70	80	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	2,110	1,025	1,085	0	0	0
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	40	20	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	95	45	50	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,940	945	1,000	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	85	35	40	0	0	0
Kannada	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tamil	30	15	15	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,885	1,495	1,390	135	70	70
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	795	415	375	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	785	410	370	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	50	30	20	0	0	0
Russian	230	110	120	0	0	0
Serbian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	405	225	175	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	115	55	60	135	70	65
Afrikaans	45	20	25	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	25	25	135	65	70
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	780	405	375	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	535	285	250	0	0	0
Bengali	35	20	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	50	25	25	0	0	0
Hindi	105	60	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	140	70	65	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Urdu	165	85	80	0	0	0
Iranian languages	240	120	120	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	45	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	195	95	100	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,155	590	565	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	35	15	15	0	0	0
Romanian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Spanish	1,055	540	510	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	200	105	95	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	80	40	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	5	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	15	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	495	235	260	0	5	0
Chinese languages	485	230	255	5	0	0
Cantonese	280	135	140	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	170	80	95	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Lao	30	15	15	0	0	0
Thai	20	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	10	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,830	1,845	1,980	10	5	5
English and French	140	60	80	0	0	0
English and non-official language	3,610	1,755	1,855	10	0	5
French and non-official language	10	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	60	30	35	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	98,335	48,740	49,595	1,665	850	815
None	90,235	44,770	45,465	1,625	830	795
English	3,185	1,625	1,560	10	5	5
French	885	435	450	15	0	10
Non-official language	3,910	1,845	2,065	20	5	10
Aboriginal	90	35	50	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,820	1,810	2,010	20	10	10
English and French	15	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	70	35	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	20	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	79,240	39,060	40,180	1,220	610	605
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,095	37,525	38,565	1,170	595	585
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,028	53,491	32,369	42,624	48,427	33,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,110	37,535	38,575	1,175	595	585
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,600	45,827	29,725	36,775	41,280	29,888
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	70,900	35,805	35,100	1,110	575	535
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,089	52,724	30,549	39,168	46,400	29,632
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	45,710	17,845	27,855	750	320	430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,678	4,997	4,553	5,648	5,072	5,776
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,895	31,925	29,965	995	535	460
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,041	52,597	31,088	37,291	43,187	29,504
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	79,190	39,025	40,165	1,270	650	620
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,125	37,400	38,725	1,225	625	600
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	57,397	73,226	42,108	46,729	51,983	41,266
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,135	37,410	38,735	1,225	625	605
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,963	58,292	36,022	38,304	41,738	34,734
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	70,915	35,705	35,210	1,185	610	575
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	56,846	72,817	40,650	44,502	50,359	38,316
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	45,925	18,005	27,920	715	290	415
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,369	7,724	7,141	6,424	6,299	6,512
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,915	31,865	30,045	1,090	570	520
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,047	67,216	38,017	43,251	47,999	38,010
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	79,190	39,025	40,165	1,265	650	620
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	27,245	15,300	11,945	650	375	275
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	58,449	70,379	48,325	57,891	62,829	52,582
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	71,719	84,449	55,411	56,558	59,230	53,001
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	92.1	94.9	87.4	90.0	92.6	85.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	74.9	77.6	70.5	74.9	77.5	69.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	7.9	5.1	12.6	9.9	7.1	13.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	79,240	39,060	40,180	1,215	610	605
Without total income	3,145	1,530	1,615	40	15	25
With total income	76,095	37,530	38,565	1,175	595	580
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	96.0	96.7	97.5	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,785	3,190	5,600	135	50	85
$10,000 to $19,999	9,720	3,550	6,175	155	55	105
$20,000 to $29,999	9,885	3,640	6,245	125	55	70
$30,000 to $39,999	8,790	3,645	5,145	130	65	65
$40,000 to $49,999	7,735	3,555	4,180	155	80	80
$50,000 to $59,999	6,455	3,235	3,220	120	60	55
$60,000 to $69,999	5,115	2,870	2,245	115	80	40
$70,000 to $79,999	4,080	2,590	1,490	75	45	30
$80,000 to $89,999	3,235	2,045	1,185	50	25	25
$90,000 to $99,999	2,795	1,790	1,005	35	25	10
$100,000 and over	9,495	7,420	2,075	70	55	15
$100,000 to $149,999	6,270	4,730	1,540	55	45	15
$150,000 and over	3,225	2,690	535	15	10	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	79,240	39,060	40,180	1,215	610	605
Without after-tax income	3,130	1,525	1,600	40	20	25
With after-tax income	76,115	37,535	38,575	1,175	590	585
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.1	96.0	96.7	96.7	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,015	3,250	5,765	140	50	90
$10,000 to $19,999	10,180	3,730	6,455	170	65	105
$20,000 to $29,999	11,645	4,390	7,250	165	65	100
$30,000 to $39,999	10,700	4,715	5,985	195	105	85
$40,000 to $49,999	9,100	4,485	4,615	170	80	85
$50,000 to $59,999	6,960	3,890	3,070	160	105	50
$60,000 to $69,999	5,065	3,215	1,845	85	40	45
$70,000 to $79,999	3,855	2,525	1,335	40	30	10
$80,000 and over	9,595	7,335	2,260	65	50	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,940	1,995	945	35	25	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,800	1,390	415	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	4,855	3,950	905	25	25	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	79,240	39,060	40,180	1,215	610	605
Without employment income	17,345	7,135	10,210	225	75	145
With employment income	61,895	31,925	29,965	995	535	460
Percentage with employment income	78.1	81.7	74.6	81.9	87.7	76.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,420	2,665	3,755	135	70	65
$5,000 to $9,999	4,150	1,645	2,505	70	25	45
$10,000 to $19,999	7,065	2,715	4,345	115	45	70
$20,000 to $29,999	6,460	2,560	3,895	100	50	55
$30,000 to $39,999	6,825	2,865	3,960	100	50	50
$40,000 to $49,999	6,010	2,825	3,180	115	60	55
$50,000 to $59,999	5,040	2,590	2,450	75	45	35
$60,000 to $69,999	3,985	2,330	1,655	105	65	40
$70,000 to $79,999	3,300	2,170	1,135	50	35	15
$80,000 and over	12,640	9,565	3,075	115	80	35
$80,000 to $89,999	2,685	1,770	910	45	25	20
$90,000 to $99,999	2,415	1,575	835	25	15	10
$100,000 and over	7,545	6,215	1,330	50	45	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	39,705	...	...	610	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	85,616	...	...	81,728	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	73,754	...	...	69,312	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,600	...	...	125	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,461	...	...	43,285	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,077	...	...	36,544	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	29,100	...	...	485	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	104,013	...	...	92,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,956	...	...	77,824	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	39,695	...	...	610	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	110,075	...	...	93,796	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	90,081	...	...	76,885	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,590	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	57,966	...	...	49,553	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,685	...	...	39,872	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	29,105	...	...	520	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	129,034	...	...	101,296	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	105,506	...	...	83,159	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	39,705	...	...	610	...	...
Under $5,000	470	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	380	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	435	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,115	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,600	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,195	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,270	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,375	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,420	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,365	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,725	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,590	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,570	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,365	...	...	55	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,250	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	16,570	...	...	225	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,880	...	...	90	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,630	...	...	55	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,325	...	...	60	...	...
$200,000 and over	3,730	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	39,705	...	...	610	...	...
Under $5,000	500	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	390	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	465	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,170	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,745	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,370	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,500	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,655	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,795	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,630	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,285	...	...	55	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,195	...	...	60	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,015	...	...	60	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,920	...	...	65	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,475	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,605	...	...	140	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,900	...	...	80	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,075	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 and over	4,630	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	26,915	...	...	470	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,512	...	...	92,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,593	...	...	77,824	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	10,205	...	...	230	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	97,624	...	...	83,968	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,384	...	...	70,997	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	11,395	...	...	195	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	126,793	...	...	108,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,606	...	...	89,792	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,380	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,026	...	...	47,488	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,072	...	...	43,520	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	26,985	...	...	520	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	128,306	...	...	100,594	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	104,566	...	...	82,540	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	10,160	...	...	270	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	118,932	...	...	98,401	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,388	...	...	80,656	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	11,410	...	...	210	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	159,253	...	...	110,528	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	128,794	...	...	90,372	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,410	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	74,938	...	...	61,239	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,098	...	...	52,846	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	17,660	9,165	8,495	155	90	70
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	39,066	44,668	34,217	41,856	46,688	31,616
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,728	38,803	31,072	36,224	38,784	29,760
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	17,525	8,960	8,565	105	70	35
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	51,757	59,312	43,851	44,313	55,960	21,787
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,023	48,406	37,390	35,902	44,153	19,946
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	97,780	48,580	49,200	1,540	785	755
In the bottom half of the distribution	40,915	19,240	21,675	740	370	370
In the bottom decile	7,350	3,445	3,905	85	40	40
In the second decile	7,890	3,530	4,365	120	60	60
In the third decile	8,005	3,720	4,290	180	85	90
In the fourth decile	8,480	4,065	4,410	170	85	90
In the fifth decile	9,190	4,480	4,710	190	105	85
In the top half of the distribution	56,865	29,345	27,520	800	410	390
In the sixth decile	9,810	4,920	4,895	200	100	105
In the seventh decile	10,130	5,125	5,005	195	105	90
In the eighth decile	11,055	5,690	5,365	150	75	75
In the ninth decile	12,300	6,365	5,930	170	85	80
In the top decile	13,575	7,245	6,330	85	45	40
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	97,780	48,585	49,200	1,540	785	755
0 to 17 years	22,045	11,305	10,735	375	200	170
0 to 5 years	7,545	3,900	3,645	125	70	50
18 to 64 years	65,175	32,475	32,705	945	480	470
65 years and over	10,555	4,805	5,755	215	105	110
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	9,865	4,495	5,365	155	75	75
0 to 17 years	3,205	1,695	1,510	50	25	25
0 to 5 years	1,165	610	550	20	5	10
18 to 64 years	5,795	2,525	3,270	70	40	40
65 years and over	865	280	585	30	15	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.1	9.3	10.9	10.1	9.6	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	14.5	15.0	14.1	13.3	12.5	14.7
0 to 5 years (%)	15.4	15.6	15.1	16.0	7.1	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.9	7.8	10.0	7.4	8.3	8.5
65 years and over (%)	8.2	5.8	10.2	14.0	14.3	13.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,035	2,870	3,170	35	15	15
0 to 17 years	1,845	1,000	845	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	660	340	320	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	4,010	1,790	2,215	20	10	15
65 years and over	185	70	105	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.2	5.9	6.4	2.3	1.9	2.0
0 to 17 years (%)	8.4	8.8	7.9	2.7	2.5	2.9
0 to 5 years (%)	8.7	8.7	8.8	4.0	7.1	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.2	5.5	6.8	2.1	2.1	3.2
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.5	1.8	2.3	4.8	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	97,730	48,550	49,180	1,590	830	760
Official languages	96,975	48,240	48,730	1,585	825	760
English	96,910	48,220	48,690	1,585	830	760
French	5,465	2,430	3,035	80	50	30
Non-official languages	17,135	8,360	8,775	70	35	35
Aboriginal languages	190	75	115	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	150	50	100	0	0	0
Blackfoot	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	125	45	80	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	30	0	30	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	85	40	50	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	15	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Dakota	10	10	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	16,945	8,285	8,655	70	35	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	950	505	445	0	0	0
Berber languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	110	50	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	10	0	0	0
Somali	105	50	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	825	450	380	0	0	0
Amharic	35	15	20	0	0	0
Arabic	755	410	345	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	60	35	25	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	320	130	190	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	145	50	95	0	0	0
Vietnamese	185	85	105	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5,760	2,670	3,095	0	0	0
Bikol	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cebuano	190	65	125	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	285	105	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	35	25	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	90	45	45	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5,590	2,580	3,015	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	0	20	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	20	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	185	95	90	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	95	45	45	0	0	0
Tamil	80	35	45	0	0	0
Telugu	35	15	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,675	3,895	3,780	50	30	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,660	850	815	0	0	0
Baltic languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Latvian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,630	835	795	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	70	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Croatian	115	50	70	0	0	0
Czech	25	0	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	210	105	105	0	0	0
Russian	680	380	305	0	0	0
Serbian	125	55	65	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	725	395	330	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	15	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,360	670	690	30	25	0
Afrikaans	130	65	65	0	0	0
Danish	40	10	30	0	0	0
Dutch	285	115	170	10	0	0
Frisian	10	10	10	10	0	0
German	885	480	405	20	20	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	30	15	15	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,570	845	720	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,190	640	545	0	0	0
Bengali	110	55	60	0	0	0
Gujarati	80	40	45	0	0	0
Hindi	500	280	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	370	205	165	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	110	60	50	0	0	0
Urdu	255	145	105	0	0	0
Iranian languages	385	210	175	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	65	35	35	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	335	185	150	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,200	1,595	1,610	25	10	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	155	75	80	0	0	0
Portuguese	140	50	90	0	0	0
Romanian	205	105	100	0	0	0
Spanish	2,765	1,390	1,380	25	10	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	105	50	55	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	250	125	130	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	465	225	240	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	70	20	50	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	140	65	75	0	0	0
Lingala	15	10	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	85	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	55	25	30	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	100	50	45	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	60	35	30	0	0	0
Dinka	65	35	30	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	200	100	105	10	0	10
American Sign Language	100	50	45	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	100	45	60	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	950	470	480	15	0	10
Chinese languages	940	460	475	10	10	10
Cantonese	595	300	295	0	0	0
Hakka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	365	165	205	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	20	20	0	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	105	35	65	0	0	0
Lao	60	30	30	0	0	0
Thai	40	10	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	20	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	150	80	70	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	35	20	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	110	60	50	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	75	35	35	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	97,730	48,550	49,180	1,590	830	760
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	89,515	44,555	44,965	1,575	820	755
Canadian citizens aged under 18	20,390	10,445	9,950	385	220	165
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	69,130	34,115	35,020	1,185	600	585
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	8,215	3,995	4,210	15	10	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	97,730	48,550	49,175	1,595	830	765
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	81,770	40,740	41,035	1,530	795	730
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	14,560	7,145	7,415	60	35	30
Before 1981	2,210	1,075	1,130	15	10	10
1981 to 1990	1,105	550	565	20	15	0
1991 to 2000	1,555	735	815	10	0	10
2001 to 2010	4,455	2,190	2,270	20	10	0
2001 to 2005	1,545	790	750	10	10	0
2006 to 2010	2,915	1,400	1,515	10	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	5,230	2,595	2,635	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,400	665	730	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	14,560	7,150	7,415	65	30	30
Under 5 years	1,225	625	595	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	2,950	1,575	1,370	10	10	10
15 to 24 years	2,655	1,275	1,375	20	10	15
25 to 44 years	6,665	3,140	3,525	25	15	10
45 years and over	1,075	525	550	10	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	14,560	7,145	7,415	60	30	30
Americas	2,290	1,115	1,180	10	0	10
Brazil	30	0	25	0	0	0
Colombia	310	155	155	0	0	0
El Salvador	605	325	285	0	0	0
Guyana	45	20	25	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	135	55	80	0	0	0
Peru	20	0	15	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	40	10	30	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	640	270	365	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	440	260	180	0	0	0
Europe	3,235	1,610	1,625	35	20	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	85	25	60	0	0	0
Croatia	60	20	35	0	0	0
France	15	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	325	180	145	20	15	0
Greece	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hungary	50	25	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	60	45	20	0	0	0
Italy	60	30	30	0	0	0
Netherlands	265	125	140	0	0	0
Poland	145	70	75	0	0	0
Portugal	45	20	20	0	0	0
Romania	175	90	85	0	0	0
Russian Federation	125	55	75	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	25	25	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	410	240	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,070	505	570	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	300	140	155	0	0	0
Africa	1,125	610	515	0	0	10
Algeria	30	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	55	40	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	40	15	20	0	0	0
Kenya	25	15	10	0	0	0
Morocco	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	190	100	85	0	0	0
Somalia	65	40	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	130	55	75	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	575	305	270	0	0	0
Asia	7,770	3,755	4,015	15	10	10
Afghanistan	170	100	65	0	0	0
Bangladesh	55	30	25	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	410	200	215	15	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	130	65	65	0	0	0
India	605	345	260	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Iraq	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	20	0	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	165	80	85	0	0	0
Lebanon	75	35	35	0	0	0
Pakistan	230	125	105	0	0	0
Philippines	4,825	2,260	2,560	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	100	60	45	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	190	90	100	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	250	115	130	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	460	205	255	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	145	55	85	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	5,230	2,595	2,635	0	0	10
Americas	460	235	225	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	45	20	25	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	80	35	45	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	90	55	35	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	215	115	100	0	0	0
Europe	570	335	235	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Romania	50	20	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	30	10	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	325	190	135	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	50	40	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	55	35	20	0	0	0
Africa	350	170	180	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	55	25	30	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	15	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	20	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	10	15	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	105	50	55	0	0	0
Somalia	15	0	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	75	35	35	0	0	0
Asia	3,810	1,830	1,985	10	0	0
Afghanistan	70	30	35	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	65	25	40	0	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	275	170	105	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Philippines	2,900	1,385	1,515	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	45	25	20	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	180	85	95	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	125	65	60	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	35	30	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	30	25	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	97,730	48,550	49,175	1,590	830	765
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	16,395	8,025	8,375	65	30	30
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	14,780	7,110	7,665	165	95	70
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	66,555	33,410	33,135	1,365	700	665
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	12,465	6,110	6,350	55	30	30
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	7,685	3,935	3,750	25	10	15
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	3,075	1,780	1,295	10	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	4,610	2,150	2,455	15	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,830	1,135	1,695	35	20	20
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,845	990	855	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	105	50	50	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	97,730	48,550	49,180	1,590	830	760
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	5,155	2,505	2,655	110	45	70
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	5,000	2,410	2,585	110	45	70
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,050	1,015	1,030	40	10	30
Métis	2,895	1,360	1,540	70	35	35
Inuk (Inuit)	55	40	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	110	70	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	92,575	46,050	46,525	1,480	785	695
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	97,730	48,555	49,180	1,590	830	765
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,550	760	800	20	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	96,175	47,790	48,380	1,575	825	750
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	97,730	48,550	49,180	1,590	830	765
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,145	600	545	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,110	580	530	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	690	370	320	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	390	195	200	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	35	20	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	30	15	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	5,795	2,680	3,120	95	50	45
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	5,595	2,570	3,025	95	50	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,170	1,420	1,745	25	0	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,380	1,120	1,260	70	40	30
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	30	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	205	110	95	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	180	95	80	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	90,790	45,275	45,515	1,495	780	720
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	97,730	48,550	49,180	1,590	830	760
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	15,150	7,360	7,785	15	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,665	875	790	0	0	0
Chinese	1,355	685	670	10	10	10
Black	1,725	830	895	0	0	10
Filipino	6,225	2,895	3,330	0	0	0
Latin American	1,770	935	835	0	0	0
Arab	475	245	230	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	660	275	385	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	430	215	210	0	0	0
Korean	265	135	135	0	0	0
Japanese	125	65	60	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	110	55	45	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	345	155	195	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	82,580	41,195	41,385	1,575	825	750
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	97,730	48,550	49,175	1,595	830	765
North American Aboriginal origins	6,940	3,275	3,665	95	50	45
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,075	1,905	2,165	25	10	15
Inuit	105	65	40	0	0	0
Métis	2,995	1,430	1,560	70	40	30
Other North American origins	27,135	13,745	13,390	610	305	305
Acadian	100	60	40	0	0	0
American	2,030	940	1,090	0	0	0
Canadian	25,690	13,065	12,630	610	305	305
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	55	20	30	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	69,645	34,165	35,480	1,275	670	600
British Isles origins	45,395	22,070	23,330	960	510	450
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	25,980	12,460	13,520	695	380	310
Irish	16,745	7,885	8,860	310	165	140
Manx	30	15	15	0	0	0
Scottish	19,885	9,785	10,100	540	280	260
Welsh	2,360	1,085	1,275	20	10	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,380	1,125	1,255	30	10	20
French origins	10,875	5,200	5,680	180	110	75
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10,880	5,195	5,680	180	105	75
Western European origins (except French origins)	25,605	12,315	13,285	380	200	180
Austrian	830	460	375	20	20	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	565	255	305	75	25	45
Dutch	5,040	2,425	2,620	75	50	25
Flemish	100	45	50	15	10	0
Frisian	15	10	0	0	0	0
German	20,610	9,910	10,695	220	115	105
Luxembourger	0	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	610	250	360	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10,790	5,080	5,710	85	45	40
Danish	2,110	1,020	1,090	15	10	10
Finnish	615	330	285	0	10	0
Icelandic	880	440	440	25	15	10
Norwegian	4,905	2,195	2,710	10	0	0
Swedish	3,040	1,440	1,605	30	10	20
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	425	240	185	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	16,465	8,045	8,420	285	115	170
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Czech	450	185	270	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	350	180	170	0	0	0
Estonian	115	45	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,440	675	760	0	0	0
Latvian	105	50	55	0	0	0
Lithuanian	110	50	60	0	0	0
Moldovan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Polish	3,780	1,850	1,925	105	40	60
Romanian	780	375	405	0	0	0
Russian	3,165	1,525	1,640	20	20	0
Slovak	135	55	80	0	0	0
Ukrainian	8,470	4,190	4,280	195	70	125
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins	4,265	2,030	2,235	20	10	10
Albanian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	75	30	45	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	175	65	105	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	155	85	70	0	0	0
Italian	2,055	990	1,065	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	395	165	225	15	10	0
Serbian	140	65	80	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Spanish	1,280	635	645	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	90	50	45	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	545	310	235	10	0	0
Basque	15	15	0	0	0	0
Jewish	155	65	90	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	340	205	135	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	400	190	215	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	50	25	20	0	0	0
Dominican	65	35	20	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	160	60	100	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	10	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	10	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,025	1,060	970	15	10	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	60	45	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Chilean	110	60	55	15	0	10
Colombian	385	175	205	0	0	0
Costa Rican	25	15	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	95	65	35	0	0	0
Guyanese	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hispanic	85	45	40	0	0	0
Honduran	55	25	35	0	0	0
Maya	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	310	140	170	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	50	35	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	610	335	275	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	30	15	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	115	75	45	0	0	0
African origins	2,040	1,025	1,015	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	545	280	260	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	10	10	10	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	110	55	50	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	30	25	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Guinean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ibo	90	45	55	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	250	130	120	10	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	30	15	15	0	0	0
North African origins	395	215	180	0	0	0
Algerian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Berber	35	25	10	0	0	0
Coptic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	45	30	20	0	0	0
Egyptian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Libyan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Maure	0	10	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	150	75	70	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	575	270	300	0	0	0
Afrikaner	15	0	10	0	0	0
Amhara	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	45	15	30	0	0	0
Ethiopian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	115	55	65	0	0	0
South African	190	80	115	0	0	0
Tanzanian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	40	30	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Other African origins	565	270	295	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	80	40	40	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	495	235	260	0	0	0
Asian origins	11,980	5,765	6,215	15	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Afghan	325	165	170	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	120	50	65	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	95	40	55	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	20	15	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	25	10	20	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanese	170	100	75	0	0	0
Palestinian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	205	105	95	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	35	25	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	25	10	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,715	895	820	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	55	30	25	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,205	615	585	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	240	125	115	0	0	0
Punjabi	75	35	45	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	105	60	50	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	65	50	20	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	9,115	4,290	4,825	10	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	175	65	105	0	0	0
Chinese	1,980	940	1,040	10	0	10
Filipino	6,490	3,035	3,455	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	210	85	125	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	275	135	140	0	0	0
Laotian	70	45	25	0	0	0
Malaysian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	15	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	70	20	45	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	310	125	185	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	90	30	60	0	0	0
Oceania origins	340	120	225	0	0	0
Australian	175	65	110	0	0	0
New Zealander	80	15	65	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	90	40	50	0	0	0
Fijian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	25	0	20	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	39,695	...	...	610	...	...
Owner	26,010	...	...	545	...	...
Renter	13,685	...	...	65	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	39,695	...	...	610	...	...
Condominium	5,660	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	34,035	...	...	600	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	39,695	...	...	610	...	...
No bedrooms	185	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,025	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,075	...	...	120	...	...
3 bedrooms	12,090	...	...	280	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	14,325	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	39,695	...	...	610	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	9,920	...	...	75	...	...
5 rooms	6,060	...	...	90	...	...
6 rooms	5,335	...	...	90	...	...
7 rooms	5,430	...	...	75	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,950	...	...	280	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	39,695	...	...	610	...	...
One person or fewer per room	39,170	...	...	605	...	...
More than 1 person per room	520	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	39,695	...	...	610	...	...
Suitable	38,280	...	...	600	...	...
Not suitable	1,415	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	39,700	...	...	610	...	...
1960 or before	3,070	...	...	205	...	...
1961 to 1980	10,985	...	...	165	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,615	...	...	50	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,435	...	...	100	...	...
2001 to 2005	5,680	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	5,520	...	...	30	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,390	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	39,695	...	...	615	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	37,915	...	...	560	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,780	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	39,695	...	...	610	...	...
1 household maintainer	23,010	...	...	275	...	...
2 household maintainers	15,330	...	...	330	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,355	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	39,695	...	...	610	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,030	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	7,720	...	...	100	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,020	...	...	120	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,575	...	...	145	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,440	...	...	130	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,055	...	...	65	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,240	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	610	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	39,520	...	...	530	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	30,780	...	...	480	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	8,740	...	...	50	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,715	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	26,010	...	...	470	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	65.9	...	...	65.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.7	...	...	7.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,462	...	...	844	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,434	...	...	994	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	348,411	...	...	249,882	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	368,262	...	...	270,829	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,685	...	...	65	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	10.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	38.2	...	...	30.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,143	...	...	774	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,182	...	...	821	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	79,190	39,025	40,165	1,265	645	615
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,990	7,545	6,450	195	115	80
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	24,905	12,500	12,405	490	265	225
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,290	18,980	21,310	585	270	315
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,905	6,820	2,090	135	110	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,515	1,450	1,065	50	40	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	6,395	5,365	1,025	80	75	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,415	5,900	10,515	240	65	175
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,035	770	1,260	50	20	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	12,935	5,490	7,445	165	70	90
Bachelor's degree	9,625	3,750	5,875	110	55	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	745	370	370	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	495	335	160	15	0	10
Master's degree	1,900	930	970	25	10	15
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	175	105	65	0	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	55,765	27,505	28,260	930	475	450
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,680	3,775	2,910	50	35	20
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	16,325	8,360	7,960	375	210	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,755	15,370	17,390	505	240	265
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,990	5,425	1,560	115	100	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,855	1,080	775	40	30	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,135	4,345	790	70	70	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,170	4,765	8,405	200	60	140
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,620	665	955	35	15	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,975	4,515	6,465	155	65	85
Bachelor's degree	8,215	3,175	5,040	105	55	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	605	280	325	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	430	280	155	10	0	10
Master's degree	1,605	720	890	25	10	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	120	65	55	0	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	79,190	39,025	40,160	1,270	650	620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	38,895	20,045	18,855	685	380	305
Education	3,330	835	2,500	40	10	35
13. Education	3,335	835	2,500	40	0	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	985	465	525	15	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	205	150	55	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	780	305	470	15	0	15
Humanities	1,210	530	675	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	90	25	65	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	260	80	180	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	250	75	170	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	35	40	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	375	215	155	0	0	0
54. History	130	80	40	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	35	15	20	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,230	790	2,440	40	15	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	0	50	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	340	140	200	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	920	40	875	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	575	155	420	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	10	35	0	0	0
42. Psychology	575	120	455	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	725	335	395	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	7,605	2,315	5,290	130	35	95
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	645	120	525	30	0	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,940	2,195	4,745	100	35	65
Physical and life sciences and technologies	875	410	470	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	280	125	155	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	175	95	85	10	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	210	105	105	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	190	90	105	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	985	570	410	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	845	530	315	10	0	0
25. Library science	45	0	50	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	90	40	50	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,475	9,665	805	135	130	0
04. Architecture and related services	180	105	70	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,365	1,110	250	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,930	1,730	200	15	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,765	2,680	90	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,015	2,890	130	65	65	0
48. Precision production	1,225	1,155	70	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	910	600	310	45	40	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	645	420	230	40	40	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	265	180	80	10	0	0
Health and related fields	7,885	1,600	6,285	130	10	120
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	540	240	300	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	7,260	1,295	5,965	130	15	115
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	85	65	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,805	1,205	1,600	35	20	15
12. Personal and culinary services	1,875	400	1,475	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	360	250	110	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	550	525	15	15	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	55,760	27,505	28,255	930	475	450
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	23,005	12,135	10,870	425	235	185
Education	2,500	550	1,955	35	10	30
13. Education	2,500	545	1,955	35	10	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	765	345	420	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	155	110	45	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	610	235	375	10	0	10
Humanities	960	415	550	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	80	15	60	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	205	60	145	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	195	60	130	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	20	40	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	310	175	130	0	0	0
54. History	105	75	30	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	15	10	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,725	620	2,110	40	15	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	0	45	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	310	130	180	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	780	20	760	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	465	105	360	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	10	30	10	0	0
42. Psychology	455	70	385	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	630	285	340	10	10	10
Business, management and public administration	6,390	1,955	4,435	105	25	80
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	545	85	455	30	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,835	1,865	3,965	75	25	50
Physical and life sciences and technologies	725	325	405	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	215	90	130	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	145	75	75	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	185	85	100	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	170	75	90	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	875	510	365	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	775	490	285	0	0	0
25. Library science	40	0	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	25	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,600	7,875	725	115	115	0
04. Architecture and related services	145	85	65	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,220	985	230	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,590	1,430	170	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,265	2,185	75	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,375	2,255	120	50	50	0
48. Precision production	995	930	60	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	740	450	285	45	35	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	515	300	215	40	40	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	220	150	70	10	0	10
Health and related fields	6,240	1,310	4,935	120	10	105
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	430	185	240	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,740	1,070	4,670	115	15	100
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	70	50	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,225	1,015	1,215	30	20	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,415	315	1,105	0	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	300	205	95	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	485	475	15	10	15	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	79,190	39,030	40,165	1,270	650	620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,900	20,045	18,855	680	380	300
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	40,290	18,985	21,315	585	270	320
Location of study inside Canada	34,100	16,030	18,070	545	250	295
Same as province or territory of residence	26,045	12,060	13,985	450	200	250
Different than province or territory of residence	8,055	3,965	4,085	95	45	45
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	6,195	2,950	3,240	40	20	25
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	740	460	280	15	10	0
Philippines	2,535	950	1,585	0	0	0
India	340	190	145	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	385	210	180	15	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	105	55	55	0	0	10
France	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other	2,060	1,075	985	15	10	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	55,765	27,505	28,260	925	475	450
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,005	12,135	10,865	425	240	185
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	32,760	15,370	17,385	505	240	265
Location of study inside Canada	27,235	12,805	14,430	460	220	240
Same as province or territory of residence	20,735	9,655	11,075	375	175	200
Different than province or territory of residence	6,500	3,145	3,355	85	45	40
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,520	2,565	2,955	45	20	20
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	550	345	205	15	10	0
Philippines	2,410	905	1,505	0	0	0
India	325	185	135	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	250	120	125	15	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	95	45	45	0	0	0
France	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other	1,875	950	925	15	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	79,190	39,025	40,160	1,265	650	620
In the labour force	57,530	30,330	27,195	985	530	455
Employed	51,655	26,525	25,135	950	505	445
Unemployed	5,870	3,805	2,065	35	25	15
Not in the labour force	21,660	8,690	12,965	280	120	160
Participation rate	72.6	77.7	67.7	77.9	81.5	73.4
Employment rate	65.2	68.0	62.6	75.1	77.7	71.8
Unemployment rate	10.2	12.5	7.6	3.6	4.7	3.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	79,190	39,025	40,165	1,270	650	620
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	19,225	7,590	11,635	210	85	130
Worked	59,965	31,435	28,525	1,060	565	490
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	28,110	15,925	12,190	655	375	280
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	31,850	15,505	16,340	400	190	210
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	42.3	41.5	44.2	44.6	43.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	57,530	30,330	27,195	985	530	460
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	990	485	500	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	56,540	29,845	26,695	985	530	455
Employee	50,950	26,410	24,540	815	395	420
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,585	3,435	2,155	170	140	40
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	57,530	30,335	27,200	985	530	455
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	990	490	500	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	56,540	29,845	26,695	985	530	455
0 Management occupations	5,080	3,175	1,905	155	125	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	7,730	1,880	5,850	175	40	135
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,045	2,385	655	55	45	15
3 Health occupations	4,620	940	3,685	85	10	75
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,800	1,610	4,190	115	40	80
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,015	395	615	20	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	14,010	5,730	8,275	135	55	75
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10,175	9,420	760	180	155	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,400	2,225	175	40	20	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,675	2,090	585	35	20	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	57,530	30,330	27,200	990	530	460
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	990	490	500	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	56,545	29,845	26,695	985	530	455
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	525	345	180	130	110	25
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,040	3,480	560	10	10	0
22 Utilities	225	185	35	0	10	0
23 Construction	5,700	4,860	840	70	65	10
31-33 Manufacturing	4,315	3,180	1,135	40	30	10
41 Wholesale trade	1,760	1,365	390	35	25	10
44-45 Retail trade	7,565	3,385	4,180	70	40	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,785	1,360	425	50	35	10
51 Information and cultural industries	600	345	255	15	10	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,510	460	1,050	100	25	70
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,035	555	475	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,970	1,695	1,280	45	30	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	55	25	35	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,935	1,095	840	10	10	0
61 Educational services	3,340	825	2,510	80	15	60
62 Health care and social assistance	7,385	1,305	6,080	145	15	130
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,035	550	480	20	15	0
72 Accommodation and food services	4,910	1,925	2,980	30	10	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,960	1,435	1,525	40	30	10
91 Public administration	2,890	1,455	1,435	85	45	40
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	51,660	26,525	25,130	950	505	445
Worked at home	2,335	900	1,435	145	115	30
Worked outside Canada	145	115	30	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	7,655	5,870	1,785	130	105	25
Worked at usual place	41,520	19,640	21,875	675	285	385
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	41,520	19,640	21,880	675	290	385
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	31,635	13,400	18,230	135	25	105
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	8,205	4,980	3,225	485	240	245
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,530	1,185	350	55	20	35
Commute to a different province or territory	155	85	70	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	49,175	25,510	23,665	805	395	415
Car, truck, van - as a driver	41,070	21,765	19,305	740	370	370
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,680	1,175	1,510	15	10	15
Public transit	2,235	925	1,310	0	10	0
Walked	1,925	790	1,135	30	10	25
Bicycle	465	330	130	0	0	0
Other method	800	530	270	15	0	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	49,175	25,515	23,665	810	395	415
Less than 15 minutes	20,605	9,205	11,400	190	65	130
15 to 29 minutes	20,610	10,865	9,745	365	195	170
30 to 44 minutes	4,655	3,030	1,620	175	100	75
45 to 59 minutes	1,210	755	455	25	10	15
60 minutes and over	2,095	1,655	440	60	35	25
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	49,175	25,510	23,665	810	395	410
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,690	2,665	1,025	60	40	25
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,355	5,690	2,665	145	90	50
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,175	8,150	7,025	335	155	180
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	9,270	3,480	5,785	140	50	95
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,650	1,795	2,855	60	15	40
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,035	3,730	4,310	70	45	25
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	61,720	32,295	29,420	1,075	570	500
Single responses	61,425	32,165	29,260	1,065	570	495
Official languages	61,220	32,050	29,170	1,065	570	500
English	61,060	32,000	29,065	1,065	570	500
French	155	50	105	0	0	0
Non-official languages	205	115	90	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	205	110	90	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	20	15	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	75	30	40	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	60	25	30	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	60	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	80	55	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	65	40	20	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	290	130	160	10	0	10
English and French	100	55	40	0	0	0
English and non-official language	195	80	115	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	61,715	32,295	29,425	1,075	575	505
None	59,835	31,380	28,455	1,045	550	495
English	225	85	145	0	0	0
French	420	195	225	25	20	0
Non-official language	1,205	615	590	0	0	0
Aboriginal	30	0	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,180	610	570	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	20	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	96,560	47,945	48,610	1,580	820	755
Non-movers	78,750	39,250	39,500	1,420	745	680
Movers	17,810	8,700	9,110	160	80	80
Non-migrants	12,330	6,140	6,190	45	20	25
Migrants	5,480	2,555	2,920	115	60	55
Internal migrants	4,745	2,220	2,530	110	60	50
Intraprovincial migrants	3,735	1,740	1,995	65	35	30
Interprovincial migrants	1,010	485	530	45	25	25
External migrants	730	335	395	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	91,600	45,445	46,155	1,505	770	735
Non-movers	44,985	22,325	22,665	1,010	520	485
Movers	46,615	23,120	23,495	495	245	245
Non-migrants	25,745	13,010	12,730	165	90	70
Migrants	20,870	10,105	10,765	330	155	175
Internal migrants	16,465	7,995	8,465	325	155	165
Intraprovincial migrants	10,795	5,170	5,625	210	115	95
Interprovincial migrants	5,665	2,830	2,840	115	45	65
External migrants	4,405	2,110	2,295	10	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Red Deer [Population centre], Alberta and Oakland-Wawanesa, MU [Census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 19, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Red Deer [Population centre], Alberta and Oakland-Wawanesa, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Red Deer [Population centre], Alberta and Oakland-Wawanesa, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Red Deer [Population centre], Alberta and Oakland-Wawanesa, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba