Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Greater Vancouver, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Greater Vancouver, RD British Columbia [Census division]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Greater Vancouver, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	2,463,431	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	2,313,328	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	1,027,613	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	960,894	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	854.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	2,882.68	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	2,463,430	1,202,175	1,261,255
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	362,110	186,780	175,330
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	116,270	60,045	56,220
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	122,730	63,390	59,345
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	123,110	63,340	59,765
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	1,714,005	838,860	875,145
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	142,280	73,180	69,100
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	167,270	85,385	81,890
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	179,940	89,305	90,635
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	182,630	89,925	92,705
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	167,950	81,090	86,860
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	168,370	79,445	88,930
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	184,285	87,850	96,440
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	191,375	93,230	98,140
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	177,095	85,595	91,505
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	152,805	73,865	78,940
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	387,315	176,530	210,780
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	131,035	62,615	68,420
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	89,675	42,495	47,180
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	66,510	30,605	35,905
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	48,820	21,960	26,860
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	51,280	18,860	32,420
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	31,475	12,740	18,735
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	14,875	4,905	9,965
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	4,195	1,055	3,140
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	740	155	580
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	14.7	15.5	13.9
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	69.6	69.8	69.4
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	15.7	14.7	16.7
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.1	1.6	2.6
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	40.9	39.7	42.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	960,895	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	282,355	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	160,060	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	513,900	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	20,530	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	93,415	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	156,445	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	242,205	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	1,305	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	4,580	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	960,895	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	275,455	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	300,170	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	153,090	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	139,175	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	93,005	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	2,426,235	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	2,101,315	1,015,395	1,085,925
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	1,193,125	594,180	598,940
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	1,033,885	513,725	520,160
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	159,240	80,455	78,780
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	908,195	421,215	486,980
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	629,040	334,130	294,905
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	50,130	20,265	29,860
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	128,045	47,280	80,765
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	100,985	19,540	81,445
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	679,365	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	327,260	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	158,785	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	145,805	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	47,510	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	679,365	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	574,670	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	495,065	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	79,610	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	104,695	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	84,740	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	19,955	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	574,670	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	260,290	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	314,380	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	129,480	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	139,080	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	45,815	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	104,695	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	66,975	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	29,305	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	8,420	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	462,125	214,705	247,420
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	960,895	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	600,775	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	226,490	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	374,290	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	37,595	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	322,525	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	275,455	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	47,065	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	2,440,145	1,191,670	1,248,470
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	2,130,565	1,058,310	1,072,260
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	1,110	530	580
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	172,140	76,650	95,500
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	136,320	56,185	80,135
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	2,440,145	1,191,670	1,248,470
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	2,265,310	1,116,840	1,148,470
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	25,710	12,825	12,875
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	14,470	6,635	7,835
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	134,655	55,370	79,285
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	32,940	16,145	16,795
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.3	1.4	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	2,440,145	1,191,675	1,248,470
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	2,361,890	1,153,910	1,207,980
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	1,341,640	678,670	662,970
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	1,316,640	666,170	650,470
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	25,005	12,505	12,500
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	1,020,250	475,240	545,015
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	860	390	470
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	315	135	180
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	25	0	20
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	220	105	115
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	5	5	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	40	15	25
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	15	10	5
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	20	15	10
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	145	70	80
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	70	25	40
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	65	25	35
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	105	50	55
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	105	45	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	5	0	5
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	40	15	20
Chilcotin	660	295	360	25	15	10
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	20	5	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	10	5	5
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	5
Sekani	90	45	45	0	5	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	5	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	5	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	5	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	5	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	5	0	5
Haida	75	35	40	10	10	5
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	20	5	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	5	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	15	5	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	5	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	5	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	5	5	0
Michif	465	230	235	10	0	5
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	140	65	70
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	35	25	15
Lillooet	315	155	155	10	5	5
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	10	5	0
Squamish	40	20	20	20	5	10
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	40	20	25
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	25	10	10
Dakota	1,215	570	635	20	5	15
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	5	5	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	5	0	5
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	95	45	55
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	45	20	25
Nisga'a	400	200	200	25	15	15
Tsimshian	200	90	110	25	10	15
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	55	25	35
Haisla	90	40	50	10	5	5
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	15	5	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	10	5	5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	75	35	35
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	1,019,395	474,850	544,545
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	20,725	11,005	9,715
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	95	55	35
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	35	20	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	60	40	25
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	1,355	675	680
Bilen	805	455	350	5	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	165	95	75
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	1,170	570	595
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	10	5	5
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	19,225	10,245	8,980
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	1,140	560	585
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	14,320	7,720	6,600
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	630	305	325
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	440	240	195
Harari	1,320	635	685	25	10	15
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	1,770	960	805
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	80	40	40
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	695	340	355
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	135	70	60
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	45	25	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	24,195	11,070	13,125
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	1,210	555	655
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	22,950	10,500	12,450
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	35	15	20
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	82,025	33,570	48,460
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	310	140	170
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	3,210	1,285	1,925
Fijian	745	400	345	395	190	200
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	1,280	485	795
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	4,605	1,820	2,790
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	15	0	10
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	3,480	1,545	1,930
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	635	290	345
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	265	115	150
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	66,825	27,275	39,555
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	180	70	110
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	830	360	470
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	610	310	300
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	25	15	5
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	370	175	185
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	225	120	105
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	6,210	3,290	2,925
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	225	115	110
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	1,750	905	845
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	3,275	1,700	1,580
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	920	550	370
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	40	15	25
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	130	70	60
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	416,565	203,240	213,325
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	1,090	560	530
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	1,060	525	540
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	57,625	26,950	30,675
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	645	280	370
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	320	145	175
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	325	130	200
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	56,975	26,675	30,305
Belarusan	810	385	430	60	30	30
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	1,155	580	575
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	1,725	805	915
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	5,465	2,645	2,820
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	3,565	1,705	1,865
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	250	120	135
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	12,040	5,650	6,390
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	18,175	8,270	9,905
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	6,300	3,220	3,085
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	1,145	545	600
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	2,390	1,060	1,335
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	545	250	290
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	3,990	1,705	2,285
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	180	90	90
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	315	170	145
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	125	65	60
Welsh	1,075	495	575	120	65	55
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	65	40	25
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	37,830	18,000	19,825
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	1,435	730	705
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	2,065	1,020	1,050
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	7,455	3,595	3,860
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	80	30	50
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	24,055	11,340	12,720
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	155	70	80
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	835	410	430
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	1,290	570	720
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	200	105	95
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	220	115	110
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	25	20	15
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	4,885	2,515	2,365
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	242,400	119,930	122,465
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	198,075	97,680	100,395
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	2,680	1,395	1,290
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	6,280	2,955	3,325
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	24,220	11,580	12,640
Kashmiri	565	300	265	40	25	15
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	225	110	110
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	535	280	255
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	920	485	430
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	65	35	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	151,205	74,820	76,385
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	1,580	725	850
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	1,455	730	725
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	8,875	4,535	4,340
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	43,985	22,075	21,910
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	1,650	875	780
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	1,070	570	500
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	41,265	20,635	20,630
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	340	180	160
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	71,375	34,590	36,785
Catalan	865	440	425	125	65	55
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	15,450	7,735	7,710
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	11,950	5,655	6,295
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	7,175	3,480	3,690
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	36,625	17,615	19,005
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	60	40	25
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	16,900	5,750	11,150
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	65	40	25
Georgian	1,715	910	805	65	40	25
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	45,990	20,680	25,310
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	340	145	200
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	340	145	195
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	2,645	1,335	1,315
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	405	220	180
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	10	10	5
Edo	1,670	770	900	80	45	30
Ewe	1,760	950	805	60	30	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	20	10	5
Ga	920	445	470	35	15	15
Ganda	1,295	625	665	65	35	30
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	160	90	65
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	55	25	30
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	100	40	55
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	105	45	55
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	150	70	85
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	585	285	295
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	30	10	20
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	190	110	80
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	610	280	325
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	265	135	135
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	80	50	30
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	190	85	100
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	620	330	295
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	265	125	135
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	360	200	155
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	387,640	177,135	210,505
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	385,355	175,990	209,365
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	184,365	85,070	99,300
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	2,180	950	1,230
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	174,920	79,280	95,635
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	220	105	115
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	10,655	4,755	5,900
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	4,330	1,905	2,425
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	8,485	3,840	4,645
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	195	80	110
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	2,285	1,150	1,140
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	1,035	530	510
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	770	370	400
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	260	135	125
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	220	115	105
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	2,750	980	1,770
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	800	405	400
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	1,930	570	1,365
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	20	10	10
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	3,700	2,035	1,665
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	495	275	225
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	2,770	1,560	1,215
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	165	80	85
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	95	45	50
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	165	70	95
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	7,640	3,535	4,105
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	455	195	260
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	1,900	770	1,130
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	5,285	2,570	2,715
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	365	200	170
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	78,255	37,760	40,490
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	5,200	2,535	2,660
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	69,885	33,750	36,135
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	1,545	750	795
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	1,620	725	900
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	2,440,145	1,191,670	1,248,470
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	2,252,465	1,102,220	1,150,240
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	1,631,365	811,500	819,870
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	1,622,735	807,235	815,500
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	8,630	4,265	4,365
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	621,100	290,725	330,375
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	105	45	55
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	25	10	10
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	15	5	10
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	15	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	10	5	5
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	10	5	5
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	15	5	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	15	5	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	5	0	5
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	10	5	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	5	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	10	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	5	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	10	5	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	10	5	5
Dakota	255	140	120	10	10	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	15	5	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	5	5	5
Nisga'a	70	40	30	5	5	5
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	5	0	5
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	5
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	5	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	620,995	290,680	330,320
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	11,900	5,965	5,935
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	40	20	20
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	15	5	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	20	15	5
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	695	315	380
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	80	40	35
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	610	270	340
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	5	5	5
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	11,155	5,630	5,530
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	535	250	290
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	8,680	4,405	4,275
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	400	200	200
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	305	160	145
Harari	735	335	400	10	5	5
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	785	400	385
Maltese	1,130	525	605	5	5	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	355	165	190
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	90	40	45
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	15,000	6,955	8,045
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	620	290	330
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	14,365	6,655	7,710
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	15	10	10
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	35,335	15,585	19,750
Bikol	290	140	155	70	30	35
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	1,085	485	600
Fijian	195	105	90	95	50	50
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	355	150	205
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	1,465	625	840
Malagasy	435	220	210	5	5	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	1,050	485	565
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	135	65	75
Pangasinan	240	110	135	55	25	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	30,695	13,505	17,190
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	55	25	35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	260	130	130
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	290	125	160
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	5	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	205	85	115
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	80	35	40
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	3,355	1,695	1,650
Kannada	1,630	825	800	95	45	50
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	885	450	435
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	1,935	965	965
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	425	230	190
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	15	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	55	20	30
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	220,600	107,100	113,505
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	530	255	270
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	505	225	280
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	25,650	12,295	13,350
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	160	75	90
Latvian	1,255	530	725	65	30	35
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	90	45	50
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	25,490	12,225	13,265
Belarusan	230	105	120	10	5	5
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	540	270	270
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	925	425	495
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	1,795	840	955
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	1,030	520	510
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	120	60	60
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	4,490	2,130	2,355
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	10,795	5,125	5,670
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	3,470	1,760	1,715
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	435	205	235
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	775	375	405
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	60	25	35
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	1,010	470	540
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	25	10	15
Celtic languages	360	205	155	30	20	15
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	15	5	5
Welsh	95	50	45	20	10	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	5	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	4,665	2,200	2,460
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	520	250	265
Danish	855	410	445	180	90	90
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	685	325	365
Frisian	185	95	90	5	5	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	2,895	1,345	1,550
Icelandic	270	120	150	50	25	30
Norwegian	345	145	200	75	35	35
Swedish	1,045	500	545	220	110	115
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	20	15	5
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	15	10	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	5	5	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	1,730	840	895
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	156,835	76,640	80,195
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	127,630	62,480	65,150
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	1,575	775	800
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	2,740	1,210	1,530
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	11,235	5,310	5,920
Kashmiri	135	70	70	5	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	40	15	15
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	245	125	120
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	550	290	265
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	30	20	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	104,855	51,630	53,225
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	590	255	335
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	595	290	305
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	5,165	2,560	2,610
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	29,035	14,075	14,960
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	1,025	515	505
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	660	330	330
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	27,350	13,230	14,125
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	175	90	90
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	30,665	14,630	16,035
Catalan	355	165	190	60	30	35
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	3,950	1,715	2,230
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	5,115	2,430	2,685
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	3,215	1,545	1,675
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	18,310	8,905	9,410
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	10	5	10
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	8,235	3,375	4,855
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	15	10	10
Georgian	1,035	565	475	15	10	10
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	34,225	15,725	18,500
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	160	80	85
Mongolian	910	435	470	160	75	85
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	725	325	405
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	125	70	55
Bamanankan	340	180	160	5	5	5
Edo	415	175	240	15	5	5
Ewe	410	185	225	20	10	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	5	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	5	5	5
Igbo	1,000	485	510	35	20	15
Lingala	1,045	455	590	35	10	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	55	15	35
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	45	15	30
Shona	1,035	475	560	40	15	20
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	155	60	90
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	40	20	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	150	65	85
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	105	50	55
Dinka	1,130	580	550	45	25	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	60	20	40
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	830	460	370
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	295	150	150
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	530	305	220
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	285,515	130,990	154,525
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	283,885	130,170	153,715
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	132,185	60,235	71,950
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	670	280	390
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	138,680	64,060	74,625
Min Dong	345	150	195	65	30	35
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	4,645	2,105	2,540
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	2,500	1,145	1,350
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	5,045	2,270	2,775
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	100	50	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	1,630	820	810
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	685	350	335
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	685	335	350
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	165	90	75
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	90	45	40
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	1,015	435	580
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	335	160	175
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	675	275	400
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	5	5	5
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	1,550	810	740
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	185	95	90
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	1,190	625	565
Uyghur	610	315	290	100	50	50
Uzbek	990	505	490	40	25	15
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	40	15	25
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	1,980	930	1,045
Estonian	975	365	610	75	30	45
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	435	190	240
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	1,470	710	760
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	110	50	60
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	187,680	89,450	98,230
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	3,475	1,700	1,775
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	181,305	86,450	94,850
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	500	225	275
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	2,400	1,075	1,325
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	2,440,145	1,191,675	1,248,470
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	1,919,305	944,770	974,530
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	232,050	112,195	119,850
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	19,620	8,930	10,690
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	260,735	121,820	138,910
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	800	375	425
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	259,935	121,450	138,485
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	965	435	530
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	4,895	2,285	2,605
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	2,495	1,190	1,305
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	80	40	45
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	2,064,585	998,870	1,065,720
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	1,978,485	957,500	1,020,990
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	32,612	38,879	27,793
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	1,981,210	959,985	1,021,225
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	29,422	34,038	25,878
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	1,781,275	875,745	905,525
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	32,645	39,631	26,888
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	1,370,155	582,530	787,620
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	2,459	1,246	3,359
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	1,487,050	752,840	734,210
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	33,621	40,050	28,268
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	2,064,615	998,830	1,065,780
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	1,978,880	957,440	1,021,440
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	46,821	55,848	38,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	1,981,625	959,975	1,021,650
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	38,512	44,592	32,798
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	1,780,850	875,325	905,525
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	47,281	57,128	37,762
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	1,370,125	581,865	788,260
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	6,169	5,955	6,327
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	1,487,050	752,855	734,200
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	46,081	55,081	36,854
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	2,064,615	998,830	1,065,785
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	637,395	361,430	275,965
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	54,955	60,834	49,056
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	67,916	76,209	57,055
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	90.9	93.5	87.3
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	74.0	77.5	69.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	9.1	6.5	12.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	2,064,585	998,865	1,065,715
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	86,100	41,365	44,730
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	1,978,485	957,500	1,020,990
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	95.8	95.9	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	337,915	144,295	193,620
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	345,805	143,880	201,920
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	248,300	105,920	142,380
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	211,515	94,955	116,565
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	188,015	87,605	100,415
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	149,455	74,735	74,720
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	116,775	64,280	52,500
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	89,555	51,260	38,295
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	70,690	41,215	29,475
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	50,825	30,925	19,900
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	169,635	118,430	51,210
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	109,000	73,655	35,350
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	60,640	44,780	15,860
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	2,064,585	998,865	1,065,720
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	83,375	38,885	44,495
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	1,981,210	959,985	1,021,225
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	350,380	152,065	198,315
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	361,855	152,890	208,965
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	293,480	127,930	165,550
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	250,620	114,225	136,395
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	209,335	101,565	107,765
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	153,280	83,240	70,045
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	109,410	62,820	46,595
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	79,210	46,380	32,825
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	173,650	118,875	54,770
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	50,810	32,310	18,500
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	32,520	21,870	10,645
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	90,320	64,700	25,625
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	2,064,585	998,870	1,065,715
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	577,530	246,030	331,505
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	1,487,050	752,835	734,210
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	72.0	75.4	68.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	209,270	93,700	115,565
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	112,350	48,000	64,355
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	199,780	88,465	111,315
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	164,960	74,780	90,180
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	153,815	70,955	82,860
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	141,800	66,710	75,095
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	113,915	59,035	54,880
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	90,840	52,060	38,780
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	71,740	42,295	29,440
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	228,585	156,840	71,740
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	57,565	34,490	23,075
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	40,995	26,105	14,890
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	130,030	96,250	33,775
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	960,895	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	72,662	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	63,365	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	275,455	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	38,164	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	33,804	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	685,440	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	92,067	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	80,158	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	960,895	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	96,423	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	79,421	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	275,485	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	49,950	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	41,250	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	685,410	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	115,102	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	94,764	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	960,895	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	28,325	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	15,385	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	28,770	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	38,305	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	36,160	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	35,655	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	36,315	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	36,535	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	36,630	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	36,510	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	70,005	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	65,325	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	60,005	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	55,025	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	49,190	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	332,745	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	100,070	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	72,355	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	82,630	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	77,695	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	960,890	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	30,260	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	15,590	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	29,290	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	39,595	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	41,050	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	42,935	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	43,900	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	44,060	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	44,380	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	43,085	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	80,740	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	73,390	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	66,785	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	58,300	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	50,780	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	256,755	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	97,835	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	61,380	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	97,535	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	653,340	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	92,273	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	80,245	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	222,585	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	85,383	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	73,895	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	313,355	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	112,167	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	96,888	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	93,805	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	53,852	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	49,006	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	652,795	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	115,694	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	95,002	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	222,050	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	109,780	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	88,896	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	313,600	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	135,322	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	111,039	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	93,545	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	67,562	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	57,922	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	393,510	189,750	203,760
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	32,421	33,964	31,209
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	29,236	30,331	28,391
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	392,915	188,815	204,100
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	43,593	46,216	41,167
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	36,392	38,096	34,815
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	2,426,235	1,185,395	1,240,835
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	1,175,575	559,445	616,130
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	303,915	145,415	158,500
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	228,320	105,405	122,915
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	210,945	100,050	110,895
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	212,600	102,000	110,595
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	219,800	106,575	113,225
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	1,250,655	625,955	624,705
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	225,360	110,195	115,170
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	234,070	116,115	117,950
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	245,245	122,625	122,620
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	260,490	131,100	129,390
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	285,490	145,915	139,575
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	2,417,260	1,181,115	1,236,145
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	441,530	227,695	213,835
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	139,285	71,940	67,345
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	1,612,685	785,035	827,650
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	363,045	168,390	194,660
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	398,715	187,770	210,950
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	83,635	42,965	40,675
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	24,690	12,560	12,130
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	255,225	119,285	135,940
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	59,860	25,525	34,335
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	16.5	15.9	17.1
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	18.9	18.9	19.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	17.7	17.5	18.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	15.8	15.2	16.4
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	16.5	15.2	17.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	337,085	160,485	176,600
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	67,065	34,355	32,710
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	19,175	9,740	9,435
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	232,635	110,555	122,085
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	37,380	15,580	21,805
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	13.9	13.6	14.3
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	15.2	15.1	15.3
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	13.8	13.5	14.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	14.4	14.1	14.8
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	10.3	9.3	11.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	2,426,230	1,185,400	1,240,835
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	2,290,560	1,129,240	1,161,325
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	2,289,520	1,128,740	1,160,780
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	172,260	76,600	95,660
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	1,220,345	574,040	646,300
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	1,605	670	935
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	485	200	290
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	15	0	15
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	310	145	165
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	10
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	85	45	40
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	20	10	20
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	15	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	180	90	90
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	20	10	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	15	0	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	140	40	100
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	15	10	10
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	120	35	85
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	85	30	60
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	80	30	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	10	10	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	50	10	40
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	10	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	10	10	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	10	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	10	10	0
Haida	465	205	260	60	35	30
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	60	30	35
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	10	10	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	40	15	25
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	10	0	10
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	10	10
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	10	10	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	30	15	15
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	535	215	330
Comox	185	75	110	20	0	15
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	150	60	90
Lillooet	790	405	385	20	15	10
Okanagan	820	370	450	35	15	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	10	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	225	100	125
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	25	10	15
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	60	20	45
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	30	15	20
Dakota	1,760	870	890	15	10	10
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	10	10	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	180	80	100
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	55	15	40
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	65	35	35
Tsimshian	410	180	235	65	30	30
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	100	45	55
Haisla	175	65	110	25	0	25
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	10	0	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	45	35	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	15	0	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	35	20	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	1,218,825	573,410	645,415
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	29,225	15,270	13,955
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	125	80	45
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	55	30	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	70	50	15
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	1,880	870	1,005
Bilen	1,085	625	470	15	0	15
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	190	110	80
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	1,675	755	915
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	10	0	10
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	27,480	14,465	13,015
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	1,755	905	855
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	19,990	10,680	9,315
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	715	340	375
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	545	270	275
Harari	1,710	855	860	55	35	20
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	4,585	2,360	2,225
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	165	90	80
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	935	510	430
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	290	150	135
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	95	45	45
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	30,390	14,495	15,890
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	1,440	620	820
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	29,015	13,890	15,125
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	60	30	30
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	106,580	44,620	61,955
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	495	205	285
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	4,185	1,625	2,555
Fijian	1,660	955	705	980	580	405
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	1,365	600	770
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	5,665	2,210	3,460
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	10	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	6,435	3,050	3,390
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	775	350	430
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	445	180	265
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	96,290	39,665	56,625
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	280	120	150
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	1,175	580	595
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	1,820	975	845
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	60	25	35
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	1,020	540	480
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	755	415	335
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	8,875	4,710	4,165
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	445	210	235
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	2,580	1,395	1,190
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	4,860	2,530	2,325
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	1,425	835	595
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	65	25	40
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	150	75	70
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	536,805	262,060	274,755
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	1,135	580	555
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	1,455	725	735
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	66,125	31,535	34,590
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	635	310	325
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	310	175	140
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	325	135	185
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	65,675	31,315	34,350
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	205	95	110
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	1,780	890	890
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	1,975	875	1,100
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	7,995	3,920	4,075
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	4,580	2,140	2,435
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	345	180	160
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	13,820	6,540	7,275
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	24,000	11,325	12,675
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	8,010	4,105	3,905
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	1,240	595	645
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	3,060	1,425	1,635
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	725	330	400
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	5,960	2,605	3,355
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	250	120	125
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	1,175	650	520
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	350	225	120
Welsh	1,690	830	860	145	65	85
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	685	370	320
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	57,255	27,520	29,730
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	4,230	2,160	2,065
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	2,455	1,150	1,310
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	9,200	4,340	4,855
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	120	55	65
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	38,665	18,840	19,820
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	215	110	100
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	1,405	730	680
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	2,765	1,205	1,560
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	220	125	100
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	385	175	210
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	75	40	30
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	7,230	3,675	3,555
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	297,060	147,625	149,435
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	248,620	123,215	125,405
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	3,145	1,610	1,530
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	10,685	5,030	5,655
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	70,505	34,305	36,195
Kashmiri	905	490	420	45	25	20
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	375	185	190
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	1,275	650	625
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	1,180	595	590
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	70	40	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	187,530	93,595	93,935
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	3,140	1,340	1,800
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	2,140	1,110	1,030
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	14,610	7,635	6,975
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	49,445	24,950	24,495
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	2,070	1,095	980
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	1,540	855	685
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	47,155	23,770	23,385
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	750	380	375
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	118,715	56,405	62,310
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	245	125	120
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	25,610	12,450	13,155
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	15,670	7,450	8,225
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	8,265	4,075	4,190
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	75,105	35,255	39,855
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	220	130	85
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	28,630	12,410	16,220
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	90	50	40
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	90	50	45
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	50,640	23,170	27,470
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	320	155	170
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	325	155	165
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	5,810	3,020	2,790
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	495	280	215
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	20	10	10
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	115	65	55
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	115	75	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	45	10	35
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	95	60	35
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	105	60	45
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	240	140	95
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	235	105	130
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	105	35	65
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	210	95	115
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	265	125	140
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	2,655	1,440	1,220
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	30	15	15
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	505	260	250
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	1,325	605	725
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	300	150	150
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	50	35	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	250	120	135
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	3,540	1,405	2,135
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	2,035	690	1,345
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	10	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	1,565	735	830
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	431,545	199,110	232,430
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	429,070	197,865	231,205
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	223,705	103,510	120,190
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	2,555	1,215	1,340
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	250,170	112,935	137,235
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	125	55	70
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	15,660	6,945	8,720
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	5,385	2,345	3,035
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	8,745	3,985	4,760
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	195	80	115
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	2,755	1,375	1,380
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	1,385	685	705
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	905	455	450
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	305	165	140
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	295	140	155
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	3,810	1,540	2,270
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	1,125	505	620
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	2,875	1,100	1,770
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	10	10	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	5,950	3,225	2,725
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	835	455	385
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	4,875	2,630	2,240
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	105	50	55
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	170	95	75
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	225	125	105
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	9,045	4,205	4,845
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	495	205	295
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	2,085	825	1,265
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	6,480	3,175	3,310
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	695	380	315
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	2,426,230	1,185,400	1,240,835
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	2,103,115	1,032,695	1,070,420
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	403,685	208,715	194,970
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	1,699,435	823,985	875,445
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	323,115	152,705	170,415
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	1,358,990	686,180	672,805
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	989,545	461,660	527,880
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	209,975	100,680	109,295
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	120,730	56,305	64,425
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	247,835	114,340	133,490
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	268,470	123,245	145,230
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	124,890	57,190	67,695
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	143,585	66,050	77,535
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	142,535	67,095	75,435
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	77,700	37,560	40,140
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	989,540	461,660	527,885
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	78,020	39,580	38,445
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	158,290	81,570	76,720
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	204,760	93,100	111,655
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	424,180	189,745	234,440
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	124,300	57,665	66,630
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	989,545	461,660	527,885
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	65,330	30,720	34,605
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	2,860	1,175	1,680
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	3,080	1,400	1,675
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	4,405	2,230	2,170
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	920	415	500
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	265	110	160
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	2,230	1,160	1,065
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	7,850	3,420	4,430
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	2,700	1,155	1,540
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	1,940	900	1,040
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	26,445	12,755	13,695
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	12,640	6,000	6,645
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	170,930	83,890	87,040
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	3,930	1,900	2,025
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	4,110	2,075	2,030
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	3,440	1,800	1,640
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	13,520	6,475	7,040
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	2,885	1,520	1,365
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	3,705	1,895	1,810
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	3,835	2,100	1,735
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	10,395	5,350	5,045
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	6,295	3,130	3,170
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	10,480	4,885	5,595
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	4,660	2,315	2,345
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	7,110	3,450	3,665
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	8,460	3,655	4,805
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	3,780	1,890	1,890
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	5,475	2,590	2,885
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	56,530	28,245	28,280
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	22,325	10,615	11,710
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	32,100	16,260	15,840
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	430	270	150
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	2,110	1,135	975
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	1,665	835	825
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	4,065	1,875	2,185
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	730	385	340
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	1,205	630	575
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	1,010	485	530
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	8,205	4,270	3,935
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	12,685	6,370	6,325
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	697,305	319,470	377,835
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	4,865	2,445	2,415
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	1,865	945	925
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	188,965	84,385	104,580
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	71,715	32,945	38,770
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	125,640	61,250	64,395
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	35,250	17,905	17,345
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	5,215	2,660	2,555
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	10,675	3,140	7,535
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	36,860	16,745	20,115
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	1,860	1,040	820
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	9,220	4,725	4,500
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	96,680	40,640	56,045
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	4,155	2,160	1,995
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	2,315	1,170	1,140
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	37,430	16,850	20,570
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	24,025	11,235	12,795
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	40,565	19,235	21,325
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	23,885	11,325	12,560
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	142,535	67,095	75,440
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	10,090	5,115	4,980
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	960	445	520
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	465	220	240
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	70	35	30
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	15	0	10
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	160	115	45
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	2,295	1,160	1,135
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	4,065	2,155	1,905
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	220	100	115
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	1,855	875	975
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	13,610	7,015	6,595
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	790	415	370
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	775	450	320
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	1,210	760	450
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	200	110	90
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	545	240	305
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	1,410	500	905
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	945	380	570
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	3,850	2,235	1,625
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	3,895	1,935	1,960
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	4,355	2,280	2,070
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	55	35	20
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	50	20	35
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	115	70	45
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	10	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	510	280	235
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	295	165	130
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	250	140	115
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	115	60	55
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	370	185	190
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	350	145	205
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	850	475	375
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	70	30	45
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	1,300	685	620
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	112,400	51,560	60,835
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	855	450	405
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	385	180	205
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	35,890	16,010	19,885
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	1,695	710	985
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	21,375	10,690	10,685
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	8,315	4,160	4,155
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	1,850	910	940
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	300	170	130
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	1,850	465	1,385
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	6,640	2,860	3,775
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	210	110	100
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	215	90	125
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	1,665	835	830
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	20,200	9,055	11,145
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	330	150	185
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	455	225	230
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	1,785	900	885
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	2,330	910	1,420
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	365	205	165
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	335	175	160
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	1,510	595	915
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	3,840	1,700	2,145
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	2,070	1,120	955
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	1,135	605	530
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	935	510	425
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	1,085,610	508,765	576,845
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	607,585	307,920	299,665
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	733,040	368,715	364,320
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	794,150	368,155	425,990
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	461,955	221,655	240,300
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	176,950	104,335	72,615
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	285,005	117,320	167,685
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	249,920	103,575	146,345
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	71,115	37,975	33,145
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	11,160	4,955	6,205
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	2,426,235	1,185,405	1,240,835
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	61,455	29,075	32,380
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	59,600	28,200	31,400
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	35,770	16,870	18,895
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	23,430	11,150	12,280
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	400	180	220
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	1,065	505	560
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	795	375	420
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	2,364,775	1,156,330	1,208,455
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	2,426,230	1,185,400	1,240,830
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	24,115	11,160	12,950
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	2,402,120	1,174,240	1,227,880
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	13,620	6,545	7,070
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	13,305	6,385	6,925
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	10,895	5,120	5,770
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	2,265	1,190	1,075
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	150	75	75
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	310	155	155
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	285	145	145
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	20	15	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	61,085	29,110	31,980
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	58,700	28,025	30,675
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	38,750	18,490	20,255
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	19,600	9,360	10,230
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	355	170	180
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	2,385	1,085	1,305
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	2,305	1,065	1,235
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	30	10	25
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	30	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	20	10	15
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	2,351,530	1,149,745	1,201,780
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,835
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	1,185,680	565,020	620,665
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	291,005	145,540	145,460
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	474,655	221,985	252,670
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	29,830	15,460	14,375
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	123,170	54,260	68,910
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	34,805	16,485	18,315
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	16,430	8,800	7,635
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	44,905	21,400	23,505
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	46,010	23,450	22,555
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	52,980	24,465	28,515
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	30,110	12,575	17,530
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	6,490	3,160	3,325
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	35,295	17,420	17,870
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	1,240,555	620,380	620,175
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	74,700	35,650	39,050
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	52,310	24,845	27,460
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	600	275	325
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	24,510	11,775	12,730
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	353,945	177,115	176,825
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	1,520	770	745
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	32,115	15,550	16,565
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	331,205	166,010	165,195
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	0	0	10
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	660	370	290
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	75	40	35
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	40	25	10
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	745	435	310
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	170	75	85
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	1,195,190	593,595	601,590
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	763,525	379,940	383,585
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	160	90	65
Cornish	1,975	995	975	245	125	120
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	470,340	232,230	238,115
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	275,360	132,535	142,820
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	770	365	405
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	341,075	167,685	173,385
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	44,930	21,725	23,205
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	55,700	27,505	28,190
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	147,840	71,175	76,660
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	110	50	60
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	45	15	30
Corsican	1,750	950	805	75	35	40
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	147,710	71,115	76,595
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	312,330	154,110	158,220
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	21,255	10,070	11,185
Bavarian	940	485	455	80	45	35
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	8,205	4,065	4,140
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	77,640	38,350	39,290
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	955	490	465
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	200	65	130
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	222,030	109,675	112,350
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	325	175	150
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	11,345	5,720	5,625
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	450	200	255
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	130,095	62,655	67,445
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	23,020	11,200	11,825
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	14,085	6,670	7,420
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	11,055	5,475	5,585
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	49,330	24,045	25,290
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	40,690	18,725	21,965
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	5,320	2,710	2,610
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	256,185	124,165	132,015
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	2,940	1,365	1,575
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	1,825	940	880
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	11,710	5,670	6,040
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	2,560	1,315	1,250
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	2,545	1,175	1,370
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	25,855	12,720	13,140
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	2,455	1,260	1,195
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	4,160	2,000	2,160
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	720	340	375
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	70,590	33,860	36,725
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	17,485	8,455	9,030
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	58,535	27,690	30,845
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	6,345	2,945	3,400
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	94,400	46,150	48,250
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	2,235	1,010	1,220
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	196,300	97,515	98,785
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	1,330	665	665
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	2,675	1,315	1,360
Catalan	1,280	740	535	65	55	10
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	15,665	8,095	7,570
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	345	195	155
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	16,085	8,280	7,810
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	87,875	44,495	43,380
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	170	85	85
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	865	475	390
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	1,185	655	535
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	600	285	315
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	24,575	12,050	12,525
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	10,160	5,285	4,875
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	210	135	80
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	3,050	1,475	1,575
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	43,985	20,385	23,605
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	3,275	1,470	1,805
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	230	105	125
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	18,865	9,790	9,075
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	470	275	195
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	11,230	5,795	5,430
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	325	120	205
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	510	250	255
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	6,465	3,400	3,065
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	16,395	8,195	8,200
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	135	65	70
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	160	90	70
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	1,310	690	615
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	155	70	85
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	60	40	25
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	870	445	430
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	535	250	285
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	280	155	130
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	10	10	10
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	635	290	345
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	6,455	3,370	3,090
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	100	50	45
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	20	0	15
Montserratan	930	460	470	20	10	10
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	280	115	165
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	120	55	65
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	3,120	1,555	1,565
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	325	145	180
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	1,440	655	785
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	1,480	710	770
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	49,105	23,700	25,400
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	1,790	935	860
Arawak	1,440	610	830	60	25	30
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	1,360	610	745
Belizean	1,755	915	845	35	20	15
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	185	60	130
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	4,060	1,830	2,235
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	3,840	1,840	2,000
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	4,600	2,240	2,355
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	455	230	235
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	740	355	385
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	1,990	1,050	940
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	1,240	635	605
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	1,205	575	630
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	1,115	585	535
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	625	335	285
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	15,115	7,170	7,945
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	1,060	485	570
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	190	100	90
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	280	145	135
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	3,100	1,435	1,665
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	5,310	2,690	2,620
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	285	150	130
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	1,555	750	805
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	2,445	1,205	1,245
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	40,670	20,875	19,795
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	4,965	2,665	2,300
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	30	20	10
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	55	30	25
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	65	20	40
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	30	15	15
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	20	15	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	90	50	40
Chadian	1,845	955	885	10	0	10
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	680	355	320
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	60	40	15
Ewe	845	470	375	55	25	30
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	10	0	10
Gambian	975	495	475	20	10	10
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	1,270	705	565
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	120	45	80
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	200	115	85
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	45	30	15
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	205	90	110
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	20	15	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	1,680	925	755
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	25	0	20
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	50	35	15
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	90	45	50
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	80	45	35
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	130	70	60
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	400	195	210
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	7,325	3,840	3,485
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	615	360	255
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	185	115	70
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	120	70	55
Dinka	900	500	400	15	10	15
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	3,405	1,780	1,625
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	210	145	60
Maure	1,190	655	535	105	40	65
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	1,480	780	695
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	940	405	535
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	380	205	170
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	165	105	65
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	17,295	8,745	8,555
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	365	175	190
Amhara	1,530	815	715	110	60	50
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	240	125	110
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	195	85	110
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	950	505	445
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	2,020	1,060	960
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	1,170	570	605
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	80	50	30
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	755	420	340
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	120	70	50
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	305	170	140
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	15	10	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	2,110	1,015	1,090
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	6,485	3,300	3,180
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	425	170	250
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	185	95	85
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	595	300	300
Zambian	1,860	935	920	120	60	55
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	565	290	275
Zulu	945	475	475	60	25	35
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	1,390	690	695
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	11,690	5,945	5,740
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	1,460	750	710
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	10,320	5,240	5,080
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	1,128,155	536,680	591,475
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	86,090	44,390	41,700
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	7,505	3,790	3,715
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	4,655	2,510	2,145
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	2,845	1,455	1,390
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	450	245	210
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	890	510	375
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	550	285	260
Hazara	1,515	810	705	55	30	25
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	44,355	22,490	21,865
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	5,205	2,635	2,565
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	2,070	1,105	970
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	590	310	275
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	275	175	100
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	1,980	1,075	900
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	105	70	35
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	155	85	65
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	5,320	2,830	2,490
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	2,245	1,190	1,060
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	325	190	135
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	545	320	225
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	2,780	1,340	1,445
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	240	120	120
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	650	325	325
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	5,185	2,865	2,325
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	70	50	30
Uighur	1,555	775	785	95	50	55
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	245	135	110
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	255	160	95
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	2,135	1,105	1,030
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	287,905	143,920	143,985
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	1,510	745	760
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	755	350	405
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	95	55	45
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	243,135	121,175	121,960
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	315	155	155
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	615	300	320
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	150	75	75
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	1,155	555	600
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	10,820	5,610	5,210
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	30,670	15,525	15,145
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	525	290	235
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	5,070	2,660	2,410
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	1,055	575	475
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	7,200	3,545	3,655
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	759,855	351,250	408,605
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	1,965	1,000	965
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	2,510	1,200	1,310
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	499,175	234,015	265,160
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	133,925	59,375	74,555
Hmong	805	420	390	115	55	60
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	4,935	2,360	2,575
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	37,630	16,285	21,345
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	890	445	440
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	55,505	25,715	29,785
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	1,775	865	905
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	4,235	1,955	2,275
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	1,000	485	520
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	900	420	475
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	20,340	9,315	11,025
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	3,330	1,300	2,030
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	450	235	215
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	34,915	17,065	17,850
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	625	265	365
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	1,805	910	890
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	1,800	910	890
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	26,815	13,345	13,470
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	8,360	4,365	3,990
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	3,340	1,695	1,645
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	15,550	7,525	8,030
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	13,080	6,375	6,705
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	865	370	495
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	565	320	245
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	340	145	200
Samoan	1,100	625	475	245	130	120
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	675	325	355
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	960,895	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	612,005	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	348,700	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	960,890	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	293,765	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	667,130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	960,895	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	17,180	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	208,400	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	259,450	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	215,335	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	260,530	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	960,895	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	413,395	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	129,200	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	100,705	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	83,140	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	234,455	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	960,895	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	927,685	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	33,210	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	960,895	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	890,530	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	70,365	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	960,895	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	128,710	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	253,840	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	151,755	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	171,550	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	71,265	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	95,905	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	87,860	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	960,895	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	906,230	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	54,665	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	960,890	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	555,795	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	364,605	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	40,495	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	960,895	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	30,215	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	142,600	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	171,450	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	209,675	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	188,785	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	126,445	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	66,030	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	25,700	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	953,380	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	648,420	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	304,955	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	240,995	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	608,080	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	60.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	25.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,376	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,622	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	800,220	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	1,005,920	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	347,220	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	13.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	43.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	1,136	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,242	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	2,064,615	998,830	1,065,780
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	287,140	139,610	147,525
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	589,945	288,420	301,520
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	1,187,535	570,805	616,735
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	133,015	94,640	38,380
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	61,205	35,085	26,125
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	71,810	59,560	12,255
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	345,285	145,135	200,145
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	77,850	32,950	44,900
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	631,385	298,080	333,305
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	415,805	191,250	224,555
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	44,855	18,920	25,935
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	18,130	9,810	8,320
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	129,655	63,870	65,785
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	22,935	14,225	8,710
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	1,392,440	671,965	720,470
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	111,570	58,090	53,480
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	339,185	168,975	170,210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	941,680	444,900	496,780
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	93,815	67,360	26,455
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	43,160	24,930	18,230
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	50,650	42,425	8,225
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	267,625	112,740	154,880
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	58,545	24,490	34,055
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	521,700	240,315	281,385
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	342,235	154,945	187,290
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	35,945	14,735	21,210
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	14,490	7,215	7,280
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	111,335	53,025	58,305
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	17,695	10,395	7,300
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	2,064,610	998,830	1,065,780
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	877,080	428,030	449,050
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	69,880	15,410	54,465
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	69,880	15,415	54,465
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	67,210	31,005	36,200
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	11,495	8,715	2,780
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	55,710	22,295	33,420
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	79,940	30,295	49,650
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	11,125	2,575	8,545
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	22,630	7,010	15,625
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	24,845	9,590	15,260
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	345	135	210
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	4,010	2,390	1,620
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	5,345	3,190	2,160
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	9,335	4,975	4,360
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	2,305	430	1,870
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	155,565	57,725	97,840
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	2,610	690	1,925
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	16,575	5,980	10,595
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	19,095	1,740	17,350
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	24,595	9,275	15,320
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	2,635	775	1,860
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	26,775	7,545	19,235
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	63,280	31,730	31,550
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	260,400	112,020	148,380
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	415	130	290
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	10,235	2,470	7,765
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	249,745	109,420	140,320
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	55,940	29,305	26,640
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	22,715	10,225	12,490
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	13,390	6,570	6,820
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	635	160	470
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	17,610	11,790	5,815
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	1,600	565	1,035
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	56,690	37,010	19,680
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	44,920	31,725	13,190
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	3,210	480	2,725
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	7,975	4,430	3,550
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	595	375	215
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	211,910	186,360	25,555
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	11,380	7,200	4,185
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	74,080	59,710	14,370
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	33,830	29,890	3,940
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	35	25	15
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	39,190	37,980	1,215
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	35,810	34,715	1,095
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	17,580	16,840	745
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	16,890	9,535	7,355
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	10,385	5,480	4,905
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	6,505	4,060	2,450
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	159,905	36,460	123,445
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	12,705	6,580	6,125
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	141,905	26,980	114,930
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	5,300	2,910	2,390
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	52,975	25,595	27,375
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	36,770	12,025	24,740
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	90	85	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	265	255	15
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	5,915	4,425	1,490
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	9,935	8,810	1,125
Other	3,170	885	2,280	220	70	155
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	225	70	150
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	1,392,435	671,970	720,475
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	450,760	227,065	223,690
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	49,160	10,165	38,995
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	49,160	10,165	38,995
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	54,535	25,045	29,485
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	9,120	6,970	2,145
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	45,420	18,075	27,340
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	62,805	23,065	39,740
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	8,935	1,885	7,060
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	17,555	5,320	12,235
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	20,030	7,495	12,530
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	270	115	155
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	3,140	1,830	1,310
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	3,965	2,345	1,620
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	7,210	3,750	3,460
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	1,710	325	1,380
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	127,395	45,820	81,575
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	2,270	580	1,685
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	14,210	5,005	9,205
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	15,160	1,385	13,775
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	20,290	6,915	13,375
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	2,135	615	1,515
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	21,465	5,815	15,650
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	51,875	25,505	26,370
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	213,390	90,380	123,010
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	310	110	205
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	8,095	1,895	6,200
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	204,980	88,375	116,610
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	42,720	21,690	21,025
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	18,145	8,020	10,125
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	9,880	4,680	5,190
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	500	120	380
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	13,100	8,505	4,600
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	1,090	370	725
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	49,880	32,880	16,995
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	40,915	28,950	11,965
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	2,350	365	1,980
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	6,115	3,265	2,855
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	500	305	190
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	162,555	140,255	22,295
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	9,170	5,455	3,720
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	60,355	47,375	12,980
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	24,980	21,790	3,195
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	30	20	10
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	29,305	28,340	965
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	26,760	25,920	840
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	11,945	11,360	585
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	13,480	7,310	6,175
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	8,225	4,160	4,060
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	5,255	3,150	2,110
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	125,490	28,745	96,745
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	10,075	5,185	4,890
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	111,260	21,465	89,795
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	4,150	2,095	2,055
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	40,090	19,480	20,615
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	27,525	9,115	18,415
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	50	40	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	100	95	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	4,830	3,550	1,285
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	7,590	6,675	915
Other	2,590	745	1,845	180	55	125
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	180	55	125
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	2,064,610	998,830	1,065,785
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	877,080	428,030	449,050
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	1,187,535	570,800	616,730
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	808,030	390,720	417,305
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	651,955	311,410	340,540
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	156,075	79,315	76,765
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	379,505	180,085	199,425
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	42,495	23,540	18,950
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	48,070	17,830	30,235
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	35,220	17,470	17,750
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	33,175	18,105	15,075
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	58,575	26,315	32,260
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	3,360	1,850	1,510
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	158,620	74,970	83,645
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	1,392,440	671,965	720,475
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	450,755	227,065	223,695
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	941,680	444,900	496,780
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	641,620	307,965	333,660
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	522,570	247,290	275,280
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	119,050	60,675	58,380
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	300,060	136,945	163,120
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	31,755	17,170	14,585
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	41,080	15,065	26,015
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	29,660	14,025	15,640
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	21,325	11,475	9,850
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	50,710	22,290	28,420
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	2,810	1,575	1,245
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	122,715	55,350	67,365
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	2,064,615	998,830	1,065,780
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	1,355,520	703,360	652,160
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	1,276,900	663,790	613,115
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	78,620	39,575	39,045
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	709,095	295,475	413,625
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	65.7	70.4	61.2
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	61.8	66.5	57.5
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	5.8	5.6	6.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	2,064,615	998,835	1,065,780
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	665,510	276,425	389,090
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	1,399,105	722,405	676,695
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	657,635	374,990	282,655
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	741,460	347,420	394,040
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	42.2	43.0	41.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	1,355,520	703,360	652,160
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	24,955	11,635	13,330
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	1,330,560	691,730	638,830
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	1,150,055	579,380	570,680
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	180,510	112,355	68,150
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	1,355,520	703,360	652,160
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	24,955	11,635	13,325
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	1,330,565	691,730	638,835
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	156,615	97,575	59,040
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	222,325	71,120	151,205
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	101,410	79,690	21,715
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	83,995	20,065	63,930
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	148,620	49,535	99,085
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	61,980	31,655	30,320
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	331,590	147,165	184,430
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	167,640	157,865	9,770
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	17,660	12,070	5,585
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	38,745	24,985	13,760
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	1,355,520	703,360	652,160
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	24,955	11,635	13,325
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	1,330,565	691,730	638,835
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	13,020	6,860	6,160
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	4,475	3,245	1,225
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	6,840	4,430	2,410
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	98,365	85,810	12,555
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	84,355	56,870	27,485
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	55,415	36,140	19,280
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	150,000	70,385	79,610
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	74,775	57,465	17,320
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	50,230	31,635	18,595
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	65,250	28,935	36,310
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	35,440	19,460	15,980
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	133,130	74,620	58,510
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	3,185	1,450	1,735
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	61,005	35,270	25,730
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	99,835	33,935	65,895
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	137,665	28,495	109,175
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	31,530	15,900	15,635
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	111,365	48,700	62,665
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	60,840	24,875	35,970
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	53,855	27,260	26,595
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	1,276,900	663,785	613,115
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	104,865	52,665	52,200
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	12,825	9,110	3,715
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	169,320	123,645	45,680
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	989,890	478,370	511,520
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	989,890	478,370	511,515
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	436,405	192,755	243,650
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	534,530	274,720	259,810
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	14,895	8,330	6,570
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	4,060	2,565	1,490
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	1,159,210	602,015	557,195
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	745,820	419,660	326,160
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	58,040	22,500	35,535
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	235,985	100,450	135,535
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	77,830	33,760	44,070
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	27,235	17,585	9,650
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	14,310	8,060	6,250
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	1,159,215	602,015	557,200
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	207,760	93,360	114,400
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	375,370	191,565	183,805
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	306,130	169,105	137,030
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	139,550	76,570	62,975
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	130,400	71,410	58,990
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	1,159,215	602,015	557,200
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	75,910	52,030	23,880
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	182,840	110,300	72,540
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	282,190	141,805	140,385
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	260,325	120,855	139,470
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	183,650	83,955	99,695
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	174,300	93,070	81,235
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	1,449,815	746,815	703,000
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	1,408,670	726,520	682,150
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	1,333,805	686,635	647,170
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	1,330,560	685,755	644,805
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	3,240	880	2,360
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	74,865	39,885	34,980
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	10	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	10	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	74,855	39,880	34,980
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	390	250	140
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	10	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	10	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	380	250	135
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	275	195	75
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	25	15	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	75	30	45
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	2,000	915	1,090
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	20	15	10
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	1,985	905	1,080
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	745	360	380
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	30	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	50	35	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	630	300	330
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	20	15	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	30	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	30	10	15
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	17,425	10,045	7,375
Albanian	350	220	125	15	15	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	725	335	390
Baltic languages	95	35	60	10	10	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	10	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	720	330	385
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	25	10	15
Czech	70	40	30	20	15	10
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	10
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	95	45	50
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	435	185	250
Serbian	530	320	210	85	50	35
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	20	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	335	185	155
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	10	0
Danish	90	50	35	10	10	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	70	45	25
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	205	100	105
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	15	10	0
Swedish	125	55	70	30	20	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	10	0	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	55	25	35
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	14,590	8,630	5,960
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	13,515	7,915	5,600
Bengali	530	275	245	20	15	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	35	15	25
Hindi	1,405	755	650	265	160	105
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	25	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	13,130	7,690	5,435
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	40	20	20
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	1,070	715	355
Kurdish	185	150	40	25	20	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	1,045	695	350
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	1,700	860	835
Catalan	30	10	20	10	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	85	40	50
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	490	250	250
Romanian	745	365	380	70	40	20
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	1,040	530	515
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	10	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	1,545	585	955
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	10	10	0
Georgian	30	10	20	10	10	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	5,075	2,720	2,355
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	10	10	10
Mongolian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	10	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	175	55	120
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	140	30	110
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	30	25	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	47,255	24,800	22,455
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	47,190	24,765	22,425
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	22,890	11,635	11,255
Hakka	70	25	45	10	10	10
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	23,190	12,570	10,625
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	205	115	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	45	25	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	845	410	435
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	65	40	25
Burmese	75	35	35	20	10	10
Karenic languages	135	75	55	40	25	20
Tibetan	50	30	20	10	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	100	45	50
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	100	45	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	50	35	10
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	10	10	0
Turkish	685	435	255	35	25	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	10	0	10
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	30	20	15
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	15	10	10
Hungarian	435	225	215	10	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	30	15	15
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	41,150	20,295	20,850
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	2,780	1,230	1,550
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	37,985	18,925	19,060
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	40	25	15
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	345	120	225
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	1,449,815	746,815	702,995
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	1,311,370	677,965	633,405
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	30,725	15,720	15,005
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	11,780	5,165	6,620
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	93,465	46,780	46,685
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	120	45	75
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	93,350	46,730	46,615
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	35	25	15
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	1,115	540	580
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	1,320	630	690
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	2,403,020	1,173,535	1,229,485
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	2,024,075	986,910	1,037,160
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	378,945	186,625	192,325
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	207,285	101,795	105,490
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	171,660	84,825	86,830
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	117,565	58,205	59,360
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	93,805	46,105	47,695
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	23,760	12,095	11,660
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	54,095	26,620	27,475
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	2,310,250	1,125,645	1,184,605
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	1,298,685	632,380	666,305
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	1,011,565	493,265	518,305
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	516,530	251,585	264,945
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	495,035	241,680	253,360
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	309,040	151,835	157,205
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	246,850	121,080	125,765
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	62,195	30,755	31,440
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	186,000	89,845	96,155