Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and New Westminster, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			New Westminster, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : New Westminster, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	70,996	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	65,976	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	34,235	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	32,708	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	4,543.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	15.63	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	71,000	34,780	36,215
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	8,825	4,570	4,260
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	3,240	1,640	1,600
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	2,955	1,575	1,380
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	2,635	1,355	1,280
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	51,350	25,490	25,860
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	3,135	1,600	1,535
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	4,590	2,330	2,260
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	5,865	2,860	3,005
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	6,190	3,110	3,080
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	5,455	2,740	2,720
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	4,875	2,390	2,485
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	5,560	2,760	2,800
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	5,765	2,805	2,955
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	5,390	2,670	2,720
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	4,525	2,215	2,310
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	10,815	4,725	6,090
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	3,750	1,775	1,970
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	2,480	1,150	1,330
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	1,750	815	935
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	1,310	525	785
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	1,525	460	1,070
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	940	320	615
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	435	115	325
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	135	25	110
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	20	0	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	12.4	13.1	11.8
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	72.3	73.3	71.4
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	15.2	13.6	16.8
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.1	1.3	3.0
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	41.8	40.8	42.8
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	41.5	40.4	42.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	32,705	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	5,000	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	10,485	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	17,205	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	185	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	1,590	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	3,470	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	11,910	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	50	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	32,710	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	12,530	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	10,915	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	4,390	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	3,140	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	1,735	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	69,905	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	62,165	30,215	31,955
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	33,265	16,700	16,565
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	26,530	13,265	13,260
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	6,735	3,425	3,305
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	28,905	13,515	15,390
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	18,900	10,165	8,740
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	1,815	795	1,015
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	5,150	2,025	3,130
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	3,040	535	2,500
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	19,065	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	10,760	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	4,225	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	3,170	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	910	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	19,065	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	16,155	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	12,785	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	3,370	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	2,910	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	2,320	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	585	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	16,160	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	8,675	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	7,480	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	3,555	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	3,035	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	885	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	2,910	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	2,085	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	670	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	18,270	8,810	9,460
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	32,705	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	17,755	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	8,115	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	9,640	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	625	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	14,325	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	12,530	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	1,795	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	70,230	34,395	35,835
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	62,930	31,085	31,845
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	40	20	20
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	5,425	2,570	2,860
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	1,830	725	1,110
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	70,230	34,395	35,835
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	67,150	33,005	34,140
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	795	430	365
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	480	260	230
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	1,810	710	1,100
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	1,040	555	485
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.5	1.6	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	70,230	34,395	35,835
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	68,080	33,370	34,715
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	43,710	22,200	21,510
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	42,925	21,775	21,150
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	790	425	360
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	24,370	11,170	13,200
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	25	10	10
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	5	0	5
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	5	5	0
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	0	0	0
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	5	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	5	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	5	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	5
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	24,345	11,160	13,185
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	820	425	395
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	5	0	0
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	40	25	20
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	25	15	15
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	10	10	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	770	395	380
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	120	50	70
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	550	300	255
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	10	5	0
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	0	0	0
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	85	40	45
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	295	125	165
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	10	5	5
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	280	120	165
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	5	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	3,705	1,515	2,185
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	10	0	5
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	170	70	100
Fijian	745	400	345	10	5	5
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	55	15	40
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	155	65	95
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	145	70	70
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	30	20	15
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	15	5	15
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	3,075	1,250	1,825
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	10	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	25	10	10
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	25	10	15
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	20	10	10
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	145	75	70
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	5	0	0
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	15	10	5
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	100	50	50
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	25	15	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	11,225	5,420	5,810
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	75	45	35
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	5	5	10
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	2,985	1,435	1,545
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	30	15	15
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	20	10	10
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	15	5	5
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	2,950	1,420	1,535
Belarusan	810	385	430	5	5	0
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	70	45	30
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	220	115	110
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	185	90	100
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	95	45	50
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	25	15	10
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	455	205	255
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	1,035	490	545
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	455	235	225
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	95	40	60
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	105	45	60
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	5	5	5
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	185	95	90
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	10	5	5
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	10	5	10
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	10	5	5
Welsh	1,075	495	575	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	5	0	5
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	990	440	545
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	30	15	10
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	50	25	30
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	245	110	130
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	5	0	5
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	585	260	320
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	10	0	0
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	20	5	15
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	40	20	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	10	0	5
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	0	0	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	90	55	35
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	4,275	2,100	2,175
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	3,440	1,670	1,765
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	125	65	65
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	145	70	75
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	545	255	290
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	5
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	0	0	0
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	15	10	5
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	20	15	10
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	10	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	2,410	1,170	1,240
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	15	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	50	25	25
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	100	55	45
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	830	425	405
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	60	35	25
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	45	25	25
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	725	365	355
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	2,795	1,340	1,460
Catalan	865	440	425	5	0	5
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	325	160	165
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	460	225	240
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	740	345	395
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	1,265	610	655
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	5	5	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	495	150	345
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	15	10	5
Georgian	1,715	910	805	15	10	5
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	1,245	520	720
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	10	10	5
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	15	5	10
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	160	85	75
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	45	30	15
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	0	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	0	0	0
Ganda	1,295	625	665	10	5	5
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	10	10	5
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	5	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	5	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	0	0	0
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	5	5	0
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	30	20	10
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	5	0	5
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	40	15	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	25	10	15
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	15	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	10	5	10
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	25	10	20
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	15	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	5,565	2,505	3,060
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	5,515	2,490	3,030
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	2,105	965	1,135
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	40	15	25
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	3,015	1,350	1,670
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	5	5	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	140	65	75
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	80	35	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	130	65	70
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	45	20	30
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	5	5	5
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	0	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	40	20	25
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	90	30	60
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	5	0	5
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	85	30	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	120	75	50
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	30	20	10
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	75	45	30
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	5	5	5
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	10	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	0	0	0
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	340	155	180
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	15	5	10
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	60	20	40
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	260	130	135
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	30	20	10
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	2,150	1,025	1,125
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	150	90	65
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	1,895	890	1,000
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	55	30	30
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	40	20	25
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	70,230	34,400	35,835
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	65,175	32,040	33,135
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	52,345	26,020	26,330
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	52,155	25,910	26,245
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	190	110	85
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	12,825	6,020	6,800
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	0	0	0
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	12,825	6,020	6,800
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	500	230	265
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	5	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	15	10	10
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	15	5	10
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	475	225	245
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	70	30	40
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	350	170	185
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	5	0	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	5	0	0
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	45	20	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	150	70	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	0	5	0
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	145	70	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	1,555	700	855
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	75	35	40
Fijian	195	105	90	5	5	5
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	20	5	15
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	50	20	25
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	65	35	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	5	5	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	5	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	1,320	590	730
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	10	5	5
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	10	5	0
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	85	40	40
Kannada	1,630	825	800	5	5	0
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	5	0	0
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	65	30	35
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	10	10	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	5,465	2,655	2,815
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	45	25	20
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	1,580	775	800
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	0	0	0
Latvian	1,255	530	725	5	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	0	0	0
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	1,580	780	800
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	30	10	15
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	165	80	85
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	60	25	30
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	25	15	10
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	15	5	10
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	175	90	85
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	680	335	340
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	275	140	135
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	40	20	25
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	50	20	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	0	5	5
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	65	35	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	0	0	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	100	40	55
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	10	5	5
Danish	855	410	445	0	0	0
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	15	5	10
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	65	30	30
Icelandic	270	120	150	5	0	5
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	10	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	2,430	1,175	1,255
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	1,900	920	985
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	75	35	40
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	55	25	30
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	230	105	125
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	15	5	10
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	20	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	5	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	1,420	695	725
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	25	10	15
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	50	20	25
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	530	255	275
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	50	25	25
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	35	15	20
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	450	215	235
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	1,285	625	665
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	50	20	30
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	220	115	110
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	425	200	225
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	595	290	305
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	200	80	125
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	5	0	5
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	915	410	505
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	10	5	5
Mongolian	910	435	470	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	45	20	20
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	15	10	10
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	0	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	5	5	0
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	15	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	5	5	5
Dinka	1,130	580	550	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	0	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	30	10	20
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	20	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	3,660	1,690	1,970
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	3,630	1,675	1,960
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	1,215	560	655
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	15	0	10
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	2,240	1,035	1,210
Min Dong	345	150	195	5	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	50	25	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	55	20	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	55	25	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	30	15	15
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	0	0	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	30	15	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	35	10	20
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	0	0	5
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	30	15	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	65	40	25
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	10	10	5
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	45	25	20
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	5	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	95	40	50
Estonian	975	365	610	5	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	5	5	5
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	85	40	45
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	0	5	5
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	5,055	2,355	2,705
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	95	55	40
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	4,860	2,250	2,605
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	20	5	10
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	85	40	45
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	70,230	34,395	35,835
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	56,715	28,060	28,650
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	5,490	2,670	2,825
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	600	290	305
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	7,165	3,250	3,910
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	20	15	5
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	7,140	3,235	3,905
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	30	20	10
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	155	65	85
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	80	35	45
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	61,100	29,770	31,330
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	59,085	28,825	30,265
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	36,662	41,871	32,156
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	59,170	28,905	30,270
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	32,642	36,273	29,355
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	53,530	26,525	27,005
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	36,508	42,190	31,382
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	39,705	17,190	22,515
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	2,665	1,484	3,450
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	46,730	23,670	23,060
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	38,006	43,034	33,319
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	61,100	29,760	31,340
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	59,050	28,865	30,180
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	44,294	50,228	38,617
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	59,135	28,950	30,185
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	37,305	41,304	33,470
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	53,495	26,515	26,985
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	44,144	50,638	37,764
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	39,890	17,380	22,515
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	6,368	6,184	6,511
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	46,735	23,595	23,140
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	44,347	50,506	38,068
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	61,100	29,760	31,345
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	22,280	12,385	9,895
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	54,578	59,072	50,284
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	62,137	67,254	55,732
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	90.3	92.7	87.3
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	78.8	81.7	75.2
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	9.7	7.3	12.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	61,095	29,765	31,330
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	2,010	940	1,070
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	59,090	28,825	30,265
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	96.7	96.8	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	8,200	3,500	4,700
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	9,305	3,945	5,360
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	7,420	3,170	4,250
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	6,970	3,205	3,755
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	6,810	3,220	3,590
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	5,380	2,720	2,660
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	4,055	2,245	1,815
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	3,050	1,735	1,315
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	2,330	1,350	985
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	1,600	970	635
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	3,960	2,760	1,190
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	2,955	2,005	955
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	995	760	240
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	61,100	29,770	31,330
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	1,930	865	1,065
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	59,170	28,905	30,270
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	96.8	97.1	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	8,470	3,690	4,785
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	9,790	4,215	5,575
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	9,100	4,005	5,090
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	8,750	4,120	4,625
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	7,520	3,670	3,850
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	5,305	2,895	2,405
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	3,695	2,100	1,595
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	2,520	1,455	1,065
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	4,025	2,750	1,275
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	1,470	935	535
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	885	590	295
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	1,670	1,230	445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	61,100	29,770	31,330
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	14,370	6,095	8,270
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	46,730	23,670	23,060
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	76.5	79.5	73.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	5,890	2,585	3,310
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	2,850	1,205	1,640
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	5,495	2,505	2,995
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	4,990	2,295	2,700
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	5,250	2,465	2,785
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	5,390	2,585	2,805
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	4,265	2,215	2,055
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	3,425	1,925	1,495
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	2,570	1,505	1,070
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	6,600	4,390	2,210
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	1,990	1,185	805
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	1,375	845	530
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	3,235	2,355	875
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	32,705	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	64,695	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	56,143	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	12,530	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	39,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	34,490	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	20,180	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	89,283	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	77,192	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	32,710	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	79,968	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	67,444	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	12,535	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	45,195	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	38,352	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	20,165	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	101,586	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	85,530	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	32,705	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	870	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	480	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	1,130	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	1,420	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	1,460	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	1,285	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	1,415	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	1,460	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	1,475	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	1,460	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	2,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	2,385	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	2,275	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	1,970	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	1,720	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	9,235	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	3,275	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	2,135	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	2,295	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	1,535	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	32,710	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	895	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	475	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	1,140	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	1,480	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	1,700	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	1,665	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	1,750	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	1,815	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	1,775	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	1,700	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	3,000	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	2,695	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	2,405	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	1,925	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	1,620	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	6,655	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	2,955	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	1,680	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	2,025	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	18,860	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	90,463	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	78,083	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	7,950	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	86,741	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	74,761	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	7,445	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	111,872	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	95,832	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	2,730	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	56,764	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	51,040	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	18,865	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	102,779	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	86,336	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	7,970	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	95,284	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	79,744	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	7,405	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	125,520	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	104,946	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	2,780	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	67,271	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	58,026	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	16,395	8,075	8,320
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	35,232	37,028	33,502
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	31,429	32,704	30,171
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	16,440	8,085	8,355
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	41,163	42,416	39,951
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	35,115	35,790	34,461
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	69,905	34,325	35,575
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	33,805	16,150	17,655
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	7,975	3,850	4,125
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	6,595	3,020	3,575
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	6,130	2,915	3,215
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	6,475	3,115	3,360
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	6,620	3,245	3,375
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	36,105	18,180	17,925
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	6,855	3,400	3,460
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	7,385	3,705	3,680
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	7,615	3,855	3,765
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	7,915	4,000	3,910
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	6,330	3,220	3,105
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	69,905	34,330	35,580
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	10,535	5,470	5,065
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	3,845	1,960	1,885
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	49,260	24,335	24,925
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	10,110	4,525	5,585
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	10,885	5,130	5,755
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	1,790	945	840
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	665	340	325
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	7,195	3,425	3,775
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	1,900	760	1,145
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	15.6	14.9	16.2
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	17.0	17.3	16.6
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	17.3	17.3	17.2
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	14.6	14.1	15.1
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	18.8	16.8	20.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	9,265	4,435	4,830
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	1,400	730	675
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	510	260	245
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	6,585	3,195	3,390
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	1,275	505	770
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	13.3	12.9	13.6
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	13.3	13.3	13.3
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	13.3	13.3	13.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	13.4	13.1	13.6
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	12.6	11.2	13.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	69,905	34,330	35,575
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	68,135	33,595	34,540
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	68,100	33,575	34,525
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	5,530	2,570	2,955
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	29,490	13,805	15,685
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	15	10	10
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	0	10	0
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	10	0	0
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	0	0	0
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	10	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	10	0	10
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	10	10	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	10	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	29,480	13,795	15,685
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	1,110	585	525
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	0	0	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	20	10	0
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	15	10	10
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	1,095	575	515
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	190	100	90
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	785	420	365
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	20	0	15
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	60	35	30
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	0	0	0
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	130	75	50
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	290	125	165
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	25	10	10
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	265	115	155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	4,710	1,970	2,740
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	30	15	15
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	225	90	130
Fijian	1,660	955	705	10	10	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	30	10	20
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	220	90	130
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	275	140	135
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	40	15	25
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	25	0	20
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	4,330	1,780	2,545
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	10	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	50	20	30
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	60	35	25
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	10	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	0	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	45	25	20
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	270	130	140
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	0	0	0
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	55	25	30
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	190	90	100
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	35	20	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	14,225	6,925	7,300
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	55	35	20
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	25	10	15
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	3,290	1,560	1,725
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	40	20	15
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	30	15	20
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	10	0	0
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	3,250	1,540	1,710
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	15	15	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	95	50	40
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	250	120	130
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	335	150	180
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	135	60	75
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	15	15	0
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	555	260	300
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	1,295	615	675
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	465	220	245
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	80	35	45
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	120	65	55
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	10	0	0
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	380	195	180
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	15	10	15
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	45	25	20
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	15	10	10
Welsh	1,690	830	860	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	20	10	10
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	1,630	770	860
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	80	50	30
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	70	30	40
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	360	170	195
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	0	0	0
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	1,050	505	545
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	0	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	25	0	20
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	90	50	45
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	10	0	0
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	0	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	0	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	130	95	35
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	5,155	2,510	2,645
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	4,450	2,130	2,320
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	185	105	80
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	155	60	90
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	1,530	730	800
Kashmiri	905	490	420	10	0	10
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	10	0	10
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	0	0	0
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	55	25	30
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	10	0	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	2,955	1,405	1,550
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	55	15	35
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	30	15	15
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	245	145	95
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	760	410	345
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	50	35	15
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	55	45	10
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	700	370	330
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	10	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	4,360	2,140	2,220
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	30	10	15
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	670	325	345
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	565	300	270
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	820	380	440
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	2,510	1,240	1,270
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	0	0	0
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	945	440	505
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	15	10	10
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	10	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	1,395	645	750
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	15	10	10
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	15	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	300	175	125
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	35	30	10
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	0	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	0	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	15	10	10
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	0	0	0
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	20	15	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	0	0	0
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	10	0	0
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	115	80	30
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	10	10	10
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	100	40	65
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	35	20	10
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	20	15	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	15	0	10
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	165	45	120
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	130	35	95
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	45	10	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	6,030	2,780	3,250
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	6,010	2,775	3,230
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	2,495	1,170	1,320
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	40	20	15
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	4,000	1,810	2,195
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	180	90	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	65	25	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	145	80	65
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	25	0	20
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	10	0	0
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	20	0	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	145	50	95
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	20	10	10
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	125	45	85
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	245	145	100
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	45	25	25
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	200	120	80
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	10	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	25	15	10
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	425	170	250
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	20	0	20
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	105	35	75
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	295	135	160
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	60	30	30
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	69,905	34,330	35,575
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	61,955	30,500	31,455
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	9,725	4,995	4,735
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	52,230	25,510	26,720
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	7,945	3,825	4,125
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	69,905	34,325	35,575
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	43,330	21,910	21,425
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	24,375	11,315	13,060
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	5,025	2,425	2,605
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	2,615	1,205	1,410
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	5,795	2,660	3,140
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	7,435	3,350	4,085
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	3,500	1,590	1,915
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	3,935	1,765	2,175
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	3,500	1,680	1,820
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	2,200	1,100	1,095
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	24,375	11,315	13,055
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	1,970	975	995
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	4,140	2,180	1,960
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	4,615	2,145	2,470
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	11,085	4,865	6,215
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	2,570	1,150	1,420
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	24,375	11,315	13,060
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	2,335	1,115	1,220
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	120	45	75
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	120	65	60
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	190	105	90
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	40	15	25
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	15	10	0
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	110	45	60
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	285	135	150
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	70	30	40
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	130	40	95
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	810	430	380
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	450	210	245
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	6,200	2,990	3,210
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	285	140	145
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	185	95	90
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	70	30	35
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	365	155	205
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	40	35	10
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	165	80	80
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	70	40	25
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	160	100	65
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	205	105	105
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	420	180	240
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	180	95	90
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	695	330	365
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	425	195	225
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	235	120	115
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	325	170	160
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	1,495	725	765
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	875	395	485
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	1,060	590	470
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	10	10	0
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	50	30	20
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	115	55	65
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	90	45	45
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	30	10	20
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	50	25	30
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	130	65	70
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	575	350	225
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	14,165	6,335	7,825
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	290	155	140
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	125	75	55
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	2,555	1,125	1,430
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	815	375	435
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	1,970	940	1,025
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	335	195	140
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	215	125	90
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	345	120	225
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	970	400	570
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	75	40	35
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	130	65	65
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	4,325	1,810	2,515
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	105	45	60
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	50	25	25
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	570	240	330
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	200	95	100
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	1,085	510	575
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	615	280	330
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	3,495	1,680	1,820
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	400	195	200
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	25	0	15
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	35	15	20
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	0	0	0
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	0	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	0	0	0
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	90	35	55
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	150	90	65
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	85	45	40
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	515	245	270
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	10	10	10
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	20	10	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	10	10	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	15	10	0
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	85	30	50
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	55	10	45
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	70	35	35
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	90	65	20
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	170	75	95
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	165	110	60
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	0	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	25	15	10
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	45	35	10
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	15	0	10
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	0	0	0
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	20	10	0
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	15	10	0
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	35	25	10
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	2,395	1,110	1,280
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	85	50	35
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	50	30	20
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	435	165	270
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	25	20	10
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	320	140	180
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	90	55	35
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	55	35	20
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	10	0	0
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	60	20	40
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	140	55	85
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	10	0	0
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	0	0	0
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	35	0	25
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	815	410	405
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	10	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	35	25	15
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	60	25	35
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	10	10	10
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	20	10	10
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	115	40	75
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	30	20	10
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	20	10	10
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	69,905	34,325	35,575
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	27,050	12,680	14,370
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	17,335	8,725	8,610
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	25,520	12,925	12,595
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	19,695	9,060	10,635
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	11,125	5,185	5,940
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	4,670	2,395	2,275
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	6,455	2,795	3,665
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	6,045	2,565	3,485
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	2,405	1,250	1,155
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	120	60	60
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	69,905	34,325	35,580
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	2,295	1,070	1,225
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	2,215	1,050	1,170
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	1,320	610	710
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	895	440	455
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	40	15	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	40	10	30
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	67,610	33,260	34,355
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	69,905	34,325	35,575
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	870	380	495
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	69,035	33,950	35,085
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	69,905	34,330	35,575
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	470	205	265
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	470	210	265
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	395	175	225
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	75	35	45
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	2,430	1,220	1,210
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	2,310	1,170	1,140
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	1,575	785	790
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	735	385	345
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	120	50	70
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	125	50	70
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	67,005	32,900	34,105
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	69,905	34,330	35,575
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	27,210	12,770	14,440
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	5,790	2,750	3,040
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	7,020	3,285	3,735
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	1,740	930	815
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	5,755	2,580	3,180
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	1,275	660	610
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	570	305	270
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	795	340	455
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	730	390	335
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	1,500	700	800
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	945	375	570
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	215	95	125
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	870	365	500
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	42,695	21,555	21,140
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	69,905	34,330	35,580
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	2,905	1,430	1,475
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	2,095	1,005	1,085
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	0	0	0
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	935	475	460
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	11,085	5,695	5,395
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	90	30	60
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	1,060	560	500
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	10,345	5,305	5,035
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	15	0	15
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	0	0	0
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	0	0	0
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	15	10	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	10	0	0
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	42,185	21,095	21,090
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	26,440	13,255	13,185
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	0	0	0
Cornish	1,975	995	975	0	0	10
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	15,710	7,745	7,965
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	10,290	5,035	5,255
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	10	10	0
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	12,375	6,120	6,250
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	1,550	705	845
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	1,790	860	930
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	5,335	2,515	2,820
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	0	0	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	10	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	5,335	2,520	2,820
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	10,415	5,110	5,310
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	820	410	410
Bavarian	940	485	455	0	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	265	120	145
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	2,490	1,245	1,245
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	50	20	25
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	0	0	10
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	7,460	3,675	3,785
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	10	10	0
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	345	175	170
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	35	10	25
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	4,635	2,125	2,510
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	720	350	365
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	570	255	315
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	370	195	165
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	1,740	785	955
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	1,580	650	930
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	210	110	100
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	9,995	4,860	5,135
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	285	130	150
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	65	40	20
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	395	245	150
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	35	15	15
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	100	45	55
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	880	405	480
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	120	50	65
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	120	55	70
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	75	25	45
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	2,515	1,225	1,290
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	1,110	510	605
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	2,295	1,060	1,230
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	295	145	155
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	3,660	1,855	1,810
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	35	15	20
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	7,120	3,640	3,480
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	75	45	30
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	130	65	65
Catalan	1,280	740	535	10	10	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	620	305	315
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	0	10	0
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	465	265	200
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	2,735	1,400	1,335
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	0	0	0
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	40	25	15
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	30	20	10
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	45	10	30
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	970	510	465
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	575	320	250
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	15	10	10
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	80	30	55
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	1,890	920	970
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	160	65	95
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	0	0	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	520	305	210
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	15	10	0
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	265	155	115
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	240	150	90
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	720	345	375
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	25	20	10
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	10	10	0
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	45	20	25
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	10	0	10
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	35	20	15
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	20	10	10
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	35	20	20
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	15	10	10
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	275	140	130
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	10	15	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	25	10	15
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	10	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	120	50	70
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	10	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	50	15	40
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	95	50	45
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	1,830	935	900
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	90	40	50
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	40	15	25
Belizean	1,755	915	845	0	0	0
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	20	15	10
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	150	70	80
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	155	65	95
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	235	140	90
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	25	20	0
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	75	35	40
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	40	30	10
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	80	60	25
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	30	10	15
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	25	15	10
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	495	250	250
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	25	10	15
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	25	15	10
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	10	10	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	45	15	30
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	135	75	60
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	25	20	10
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	75	25	45
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	100	50	50
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	1,860	1,045	815
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	285	160	120
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	10	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	10	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	10	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	0	0	0
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	40	30	10
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	70	40	25
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	0	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	0	10	0
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	15	10	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	40	15	20
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	60	30	25
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	20	0	15
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	20	10	10
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	0	0	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	10	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	10	0	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	25	10	15
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	330	170	155
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	0	10	0
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	0	0	10
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	15	10	0
Dinka	900	500	400	15	10	15
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	70	55	15
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	15	10	10
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	70	30	45
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	135	55	80
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	15	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	695	400	300
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	0	0	0
Amhara	1,530	815	715	10	0	10
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	25	10	15
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	0	0	0
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	120	75	45
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	160	85	75
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	50	25	25
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	10
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	35	25	0
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	10	10	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	10	0	0
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	20	15	0
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	150	95	55
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	20	10	0
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	15	10	10
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	35	15	20
Zambian	1,860	935	920	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	15	15	0
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	75	45	25
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	565	320	245
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	45	25	15
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	525	295	230
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	24,480	11,390	13,095
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	1,990	1,055	935
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	355	185	170
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	120	55	60
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	80	45	40
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	25	0	15
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	55	30	25
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	25	15	0
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	500	265	235
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	250	130	115
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	60	20	40
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	35	15	20
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	25	15	10
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	55	40	10
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	15	10	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	155	85	65
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	75	35	35
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	0	0	0
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	55	40	15
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	10	0	10
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	25	10	15
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	190	105	90
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	10	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	10	10	0
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	15	10	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	85	30	55
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	5,685	2,725	2,960
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	85	35	50
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	65	40	25
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	4,785	2,290	2,500
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	10	0	0
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	10	0	10
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	30	10	20
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	200	100	100
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	395	195	200
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	10	15	0
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	140	55	90
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	60	30	30
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	200	105	95
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	16,970	7,705	9,260
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	15	0	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	35	15	15
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	8,310	3,825	4,480
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	6,125	2,730	3,395
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	230	105	125
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	1,170	475	695
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	1,540	705	835
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	45	15	30
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	180	85	100
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	40	25	10
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	30	20	10
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	255	125	135
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	170	80	90
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	20	10	10
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	380	180	205
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	15	0	15
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	70	35	35
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	70	35	30
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	965	475	490
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	280	145	135
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	140	80	50
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	550	250	300
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	525	225	300
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	15	15	0
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	0	0	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	10	10	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	32,710	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	18,340	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	14,370	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	32,710	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	13,930	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	18,780	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	32,710	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	690	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	10,765	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	12,565	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	4,490	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	4,205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	32,710	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	19,440	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	4,480	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	2,605	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	1,760	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	4,425	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	32,710	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	31,635	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	1,075	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	32,710	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	30,090	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	2,615	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	32,710	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	6,990	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	8,405	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	4,300	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	5,160	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	1,525	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	3,700	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	2,630	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	32,710	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	30,150	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	2,560	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	32,705	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	20,185	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	11,635	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	895	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	32,705	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	1,100	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	5,730	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	5,695	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	6,945	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	6,345	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	4,050	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	2,080	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	765	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	32,665	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	22,445	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	10,220	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	8,600	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	18,325	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	67.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	24.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,406	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,521	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	470,537	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	635,451	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	14,370	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	11.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	40.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	956	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,045	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	61,100	29,755	31,345
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	7,015	3,510	3,505
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	17,050	8,585	8,460
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	37,035	17,665	19,370
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	4,535	3,275	1,260
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	2,190	1,280	910
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	2,345	1,995	350
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	12,040	5,095	6,945
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	2,300	870	1,435
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	18,155	8,420	9,735
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	12,190	5,550	6,635
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	1,305	535	770
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	315	150	170
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	3,870	1,870	1,995
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	475	320	160
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	43,360	21,365	22,000
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	2,860	1,625	1,235
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	10,365	5,530	4,835
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	30,135	14,210	15,930
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	3,205	2,320	885
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	1,540	890	645
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	1,665	1,430	240
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	9,670	4,140	5,530
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	1,835	700	1,140
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	15,420	7,050	8,370
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	10,315	4,670	5,645
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	1,120	445	675
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	255	110	145
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	3,350	1,575	1,770
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	385	250	135
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	61,095	29,760	31,340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	24,065	12,095	11,965
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	2,160	410	1,750
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	2,160	410	1,745
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	2,290	1,100	1,195
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	430	315	110
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	1,865	780	1,075
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	2,450	1,000	1,450
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	280	55	220
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	855	275	580
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	665	275	390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	150	85	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	190	140	50
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	255	140	110
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	60	30	35
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	4,935	1,845	3,090
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	95	25	70
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	620	230	395
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	625	65	560
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	760	245	520
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	75	30	45
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	870	250	615
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	1,885	1,000	890
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	7,365	2,955	4,410
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	20	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	430	90	340
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	6,910	2,855	4,055
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	1,575	860	710
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	650	275	380
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	295	150	145
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	15	15	0
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	535	375	160
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	70	45	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	1,900	1,180	715
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	1,545	1,045	500
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	130	20	110
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	210	110	100
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	6,780	5,945	835
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	265	180	90
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	2,180	1,715	470
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	1,235	1,100	135
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	1,485	1,415	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	1,020	970	45
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	595	565	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	605	325	280
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	360	195	160
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	240	125	115
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	5,125	1,060	4,065
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	420	230	195
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	4,630	805	3,825
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	75	30	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	1,850	975	880
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	1,165	380	785
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	245	185	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	425	385	35
Other	3,170	885	2,280	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	43,360	21,365	21,995
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	13,225	7,155	6,075
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	1,625	305	1,320
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	1,625	310	1,320
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	1,895	900	1,000
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	315	230	90
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	1,580	670	910
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	1,975	795	1,185
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	235	40	195
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	670	210	460
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	555	235	320
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	130	75	60
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	135	95	40
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	205	115	90
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	45	20	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	4,130	1,545	2,585
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	85	20	65
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	555	200	355
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	495	55	440
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	665	205	455
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	55	20	35
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	690	190	505
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	1,580	850	725
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	5,945	2,375	3,570
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	15	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	335	60	280
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	5,600	2,310	3,290
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	1,260	635	625
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	545	210	340
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	225	110	115
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	15	10	10
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	410	275	135
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	65	35	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	1,715	1,095	620
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	1,435	1,000	430
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	110	10	100
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	160	75	85
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	15	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	5,395	4,620	775
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	240	150	85
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	1,945	1,485	460
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	975	850	125
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	1,075	1,025	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	775	745	30
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	390	360	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	465	225	240
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	250	120	135
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	210	105	105
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	4,250	925	3,320
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	350	190	160
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	3,840	710	3,135
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	55	20	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	1,475	785	690
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	920	315	605
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	210	160	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	340	310	30
Other	2,590	745	1,845	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	61,100	29,760	31,345
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	24,065	12,095	11,970
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	37,035	17,660	19,375
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	26,715	12,715	13,995
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	22,045	10,375	11,670
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	4,665	2,340	2,330
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	10,325	4,945	5,380
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	1,105	685	425
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	2,205	830	1,370
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	615	320	295
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	745	430	320
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	1,005	475	535
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	35	15	20
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	4,615	2,190	2,425
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	43,360	21,360	21,995
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	13,230	7,150	6,075
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	30,135	14,205	15,925
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	21,640	10,285	11,350
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	17,940	8,425	9,515
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	3,695	1,860	1,830
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	8,500	3,925	4,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	845	525	320
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	1,925	720	1,210
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	505	245	260
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	465	260	200
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	855	390	465
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	25	15	15
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	3,880	1,760	2,115
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	61,100	29,755	31,340
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	42,995	22,025	20,965
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	40,405	20,765	19,640
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	2,585	1,265	1,325
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	18,110	7,735	10,375
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	70.4	74.0	66.9
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	66.1	69.8	62.7
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	6.0	5.7	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	61,100	29,760	31,345
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	16,725	6,935	9,790
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	44,375	22,820	21,550
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	22,735	12,715	10,020
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	21,635	10,105	11,530
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	43.0	43.6	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	42,990	22,025	20,965
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	790	300	490
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	42,200	21,725	20,475
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	38,055	19,125	18,935
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	4,150	2,605	1,545
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	42,990	22,025	20,965
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	790	300	490
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	42,200	21,725	20,475
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	4,530	2,665	1,865
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	7,600	2,395	5,205
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	3,555	2,780	775
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	2,900	565	2,330
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	4,875	1,580	3,295
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	1,840	945	895
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	9,805	4,520	5,285
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	5,575	5,215	365
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	345	265	85
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	1,170	795	370
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	42,995	22,025	20,965
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	790	295	490
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	42,205	21,725	20,475
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	195	115	85
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	125	100	25
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	335	225	110
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	3,060	2,705	360
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	2,600	1,805	795
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	1,850	1,200	650
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	4,400	1,980	2,420
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	2,335	1,830	510
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	1,905	1,165	745
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	1,865	715	1,145
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	970	525	450
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	4,075	2,260	1,815
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	105	55	55
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	2,210	1,325	885
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	3,210	1,045	2,165
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	4,825	945	3,875
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	900	450	450
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	3,080	1,315	1,760
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	1,975	915	1,060
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	2,175	1,050	1,125
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	40,405	20,765	19,640
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	2,430	1,270	1,160
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	225	175	50
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	4,765	3,555	1,205
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	32,985	15,765	17,220
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	32,985	15,765	17,220
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	5,835	2,220	3,615
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	26,810	13,320	13,495
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	255	160	100
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	90	75	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	37,750	19,325	18,425
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	21,510	12,280	9,230
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	1,265	460	800
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	11,845	5,175	6,675
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	2,310	860	1,445
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	370	280	85
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	455	260	195
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	37,750	19,325	18,425
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	5,105	2,165	2,940
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	10,690	5,635	5,055
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	11,035	6,060	4,980
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	6,320	3,200	3,120
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	4,595	2,270	2,325
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	37,750	19,325	18,425
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	2,480	1,705	775
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	6,775	3,965	2,810
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	10,680	4,925	5,750
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	8,050	3,710	4,345
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	4,410	2,125	2,285
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	5,355	2,890	2,465
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	45,530	23,340	22,195
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	44,700	22,935	21,765
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	43,725	22,470	21,260
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	43,600	22,435	21,165
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	120	35	90
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	980	470	510
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	980	470	510
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	25	20	0
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	25	15	10
Amharic	200	95	100	0	10	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	20	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	20	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	15	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	230	145	90
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	25	10	20
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	25	15	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	10	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	10	0	0
Serbian	530	320	210	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	10	0	0
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	10	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	135	80	50
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	105	65	45
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	100	60	40
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	30	25	10
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	30	25	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	55	35	15
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	10	0	0
Romanian	745	365	380	10	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	35	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	50	10	35
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	135	65	70
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	15	10	15
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	495	220	275
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	495	215	280
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	160	70	90
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	330	145	185
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	10	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	10	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	825	400	425
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	75	30	45
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	740	370	370
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	10	10	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	45,530	23,335	22,190
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	42,430	21,860	20,575
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	540	235	305
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	385	185	195
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	2,120	1,050	1,075
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	2,125	1,050	1,075
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	20	0	15
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	30	0	30
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	69,210	33,950	35,265
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	57,230	27,930	29,305
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	11,980	6,020	5,955
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	4,785	2,355	2,425
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	7,195	3,665	3,530
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	5,930	3,055	2,870
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	5,175	2,645	2,530
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	750	415	335
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	1,265	610	655
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	66,765	32,745	34,020
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	34,890	16,935	17,955
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	31,875	15,810	16,065
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	11,445	5,600	5,835
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	20,435	10,205	10,225
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	15,640	7,815	7,825
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	13,570	6,790	6,780
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	2,075	1,025	1,050
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	4,790	2,390	2,400