Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Perth District Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Perth District Health Unit, Ontario [Health region, December 2017]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Perth District Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario  Map : Perth District Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	76,796	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	75,112	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	31,747	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	30,713	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	34.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	2,218.52	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	76,800	37,620	39,175
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	13,795	7,040	6,760
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	4,445	2,245	2,200
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	4,675	2,405	2,270
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	4,680	2,395	2,285
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	48,680	24,215	24,460
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	4,830	2,505	2,330
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	4,705	2,430	2,270
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	4,345	2,160	2,185
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	4,340	2,150	2,195
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	4,315	2,105	2,210
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	4,410	2,205	2,210
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	4,675	2,270	2,400
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	5,800	2,850	2,950
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	5,890	2,895	2,990
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	5,375	2,660	2,715
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	14,320	6,365	7,960
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	4,380	2,095	2,290
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	3,205	1,500	1,705
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	2,555	1,185	1,370
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	1,935	815	1,115
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	2,245	765	1,480
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	1,395	520	875
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	670	215	455
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	165	35	130
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	20	5	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	18.0	18.7	17.3
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	63.4	64.4	62.4
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	18.6	16.9	20.3
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.9	2.0	3.8
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	41.6	40.4	42.6
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	42.4	41.0	43.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	30,710	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	21,305	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	635	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	8,635	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	2,210	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	1,260	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	880	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	4,190	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	95	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	30,710	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	8,525	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	11,305	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	4,215	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	3,890	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	2,775	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	75,175	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	63,000	30,580	32,415
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	38,330	19,185	19,140
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	32,805	16,425	16,380
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	5,525	2,760	2,760
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	24,665	11,395	13,275
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	15,315	8,375	6,940
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	1,870	840	1,025
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	3,315	1,335	1,980
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	4,170	840	3,330
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	21,690	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	11,410	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	4,045	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	3,795	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	2,445	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	21,690	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	18,860	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	16,095	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	2,760	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	2,830	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	2,165	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	660	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	18,860	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	9,720	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	9,140	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	3,225	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	3,535	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	2,370	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	2,830	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	1,690	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	815	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	330	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	11,190	5,250	5,945
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	30,715	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	21,155	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	9,510	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	11,645	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	265	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	9,290	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	8,530	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	770	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	75,630	37,240	38,390
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	72,000	35,770	36,230
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	15	5	10
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	3,005	1,165	1,845
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	605	305	300
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	75,625	37,235	38,390
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	74,620	36,755	37,865
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	355	165	190
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	60	30	35
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	595	295	300
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	385	180	205
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	0.5	0.5	0.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	75,625	37,235	38,390
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	75,070	36,975	38,095
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	67,515	33,265	34,255
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	67,125	33,080	34,045
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	390	185	205
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	7,555	3,710	3,845
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	5	0	0
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	0	0	0
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	0	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	0	0	0
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	7,550	3,710	3,840
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	100	50	50
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	0	0	0
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	0	0	0
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	0	0	0
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	95	45	45
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	5	0	0
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	70	35	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	5	5	0
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	5	0	0
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	0	0	5
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	20	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	110	35	75
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	0	5	0
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	5	0	0
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	0	0	5
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	5	0	5
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	90	30	60
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	0	0	0
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	15	10	0
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	5	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	50	25	25
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	5	0	5
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	25	15	15
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	10	5	5
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	6,695	3,315	3,385
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	10	5	5
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	330	140	185
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	10	5	0
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	5	5	5
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	5	0	0
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	320	135	185
Belarusan	810	385	430	5	0	0
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	5	5	5
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	0	0	0
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	25	10	15
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	15	5	5
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	5	5	0
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	135	55	75
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	35	15	20
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	25	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	0	0	0
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	15	5	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	25	10	10
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	30	15	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	5	0	0
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	5	0	5
Welsh	1,075	495	575	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	0	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	5,330	2,670	2,660
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	5	10	0
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	30	15	15
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	1,110	560	550
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	25	10	10
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	4,070	2,035	2,040
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	0	0	0
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	5	0	0
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	65	30	30
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	5	0	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	75	40	40
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	295	150	140
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	270	140	130
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	10	10	0
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	75	35	40
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	40	20	25
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	0	0	0
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	5	0	5
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	110	60	50
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	0	0	0
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	20	10	10
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	25	10	10
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	0	0	0
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	645	300	345
Catalan	865	440	425	5	0	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	215	100	115
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	130	60	75
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	30	15	15
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	265	130	140
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	0	0	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	55	20	25
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	65	30	30
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	0	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	20	15	10
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	0	0	0
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	0	0	0
Ganda	1,295	625	665	0	0	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	0	0	0
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	0	0	0
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	0	5	0
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	10	0	0
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	0	0	0
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	0	0	0
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	15	10	5
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	15	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	170	70	90
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	160	70	90
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	65	30	40
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	0	0	0
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	80	35	45
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	15	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	5	0	0
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	0	5	0
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	5	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	150	70	80
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	120	55	60
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	30	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	0	0	0
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	5	0	5
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	5	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	0	0	0
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	85	40	45
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	5	0	0
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	15	5	10
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	65	30	35
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	0	0	0
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	555	265	290
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	75	35	45
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	455	225	230
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	10	5	10
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	5	5	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	75,625	37,235	38,390
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	74,585	36,710	37,880
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	71,380	35,110	36,265
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	71,315	35,080	36,225
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	70	30	40
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	3,205	1,595	1,610
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	0	0	0
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	3,210	1,590	1,615
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	55	25	30
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	0	0	0
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	0	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	50	25	30
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	5	0	0
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	45	25	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	0	0	0
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	0	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	10	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	0	0	0
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	40	15	20
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	0	0	0
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	0	0	0
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	0	5	0
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	0	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	35	20	20
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	0	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	15	5	10
Kannada	1,630	825	800	0	0	0
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	10	5	5
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	5	0	0
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	0	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	2,780	1,380	1,395
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	5	0	0
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	65	35	30
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	5	0	5
Latvian	1,255	530	725	0	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	0	0	0
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	65	35	25
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	0	0	0
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	0	0	0
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	5	0	5
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	5	5	0
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	0	0	0
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	30	15	20
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	10	5	5
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	0	0	0
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	5	0	0
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	0	0	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	5	0	5
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	2,300	1,160	1,145
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	0	0	0
Danish	855	410	445	0	0	0
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	175	85	85
Frisian	185	95	90	5	0	5
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	2,050	1,040	1,015
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	5	5	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	65	25	35
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	25	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	155	75	80
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	140	70	75
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	0	0	0
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	45	20	25
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	20	5	10
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	5	0	0
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	55	25	25
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	0	0	0
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	15	5	5
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	15	5	5
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	0	0	0
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	225	100	125
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	45	20	25
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	45	15	30
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	10	0	5
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	120	60	65
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	40	20	15
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	35	20	15
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	0	0	0
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	5	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	0	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	0	0	0
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	0	0	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	0	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	15	10	10
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	95	45	50
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	95	45	55
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	40	20	20
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	0	0	0
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	50	20	30
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	0	0	0
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	0	0	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	105	55	50
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	85	45	40
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	0	0	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	5	0	0
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	15	10	10
Estonian	975	365	610	5	5	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	0	0	0
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	20	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	1,040	530	510
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	35	15	20
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	995	510	485
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	5	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	75,625	37,235	38,390
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	71,745	35,360	36,385
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	1,285	640	650
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	355	145	210
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	2,185	1,070	1,115
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	2,180	1,070	1,110
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	5	0	5
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	20	10	10
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	35	10	20
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	61,425	30,075	31,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	59,900	29,380	30,520
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	35,670	42,721	29,663
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	59,910	29,375	30,530
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	32,168	37,841	27,323
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	56,100	27,950	28,150
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	32,399	40,764	25,234
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	41,655	18,460	23,200
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	6,052	4,163	6,806
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	46,965	24,430	22,535
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	32,681	40,205	26,213
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	61,425	30,075	31,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	59,990	29,420	30,575
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	43,635	50,901	36,643
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	60,005	29,415	30,585
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	36,956	42,302	31,814
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	56,145	27,950	28,200
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	40,796	48,811	32,852
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	41,905	18,615	23,285
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	7,807	7,159	8,324
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	46,965	24,400	22,565
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	39,078	45,693	31,923
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	61,425	30,075	31,355
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	24,985	14,720	10,270
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	47,566	52,515	42,230
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	53,319	58,250	46,248
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	87.5	91.0	82.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	70.8	75.2	64.9
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	12.5	9.0	17.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	61,425	30,070	31,350
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	1,525	695	825
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	59,900	29,375	30,525
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	97.5	97.7	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	6,600	2,625	3,970
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	9,870	3,790	6,080
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	8,975	3,625	5,345
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	7,945	3,615	4,325
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	7,435	3,710	3,725
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	5,770	3,325	2,445
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	3,925	2,445	1,475
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	2,660	1,770	890
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	1,800	1,160	640
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	1,655	985	670
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	3,270	2,320	950
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	2,350	1,640	710
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	920	685	240
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	61,430	30,075	31,350
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	1,515	695	820
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	59,910	29,380	30,535
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	97.5	97.7	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	6,855	2,705	4,150
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	10,375	4,000	6,375
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	10,590	4,380	6,205
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	9,745	4,695	5,055
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	8,330	4,565	3,760
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	5,200	3,215	1,990
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	3,185	2,085	1,095
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	2,290	1,405	885
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	3,350	2,330	1,020
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	1,240	810	430
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	680	480	200
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	1,430	1,040	390
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	61,425	30,070	31,350
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	14,465	5,645	8,820
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	46,965	24,430	22,530
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	76.5	81.2	71.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	6,370	2,965	3,410
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	4,010	1,630	2,380
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	6,445	2,815	3,635
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	5,185	2,270	2,915
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	5,500	2,455	3,045
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	5,310	2,825	2,485
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	4,240	2,660	1,580
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	2,825	1,910	920
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	1,975	1,390	585
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	5,100	3,510	1,590
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	1,440	930	510
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	1,375	825	555
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	2,285	1,755	530
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	30,715	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	62,229	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	8,525	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	35,049	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	31,563	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	22,190	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	86,954	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	76,494	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	30,710	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	85,229	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	72,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	8,480	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	42,180	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	36,234	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	22,230	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	101,654	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	85,921	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	30,715	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	290	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	325	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	745	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	920	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	1,280	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	1,175	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	1,265	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	1,365	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	1,370	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	1,405	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	2,655	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	2,470	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	2,300	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	2,050	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	1,845	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	9,245	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	3,505	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	2,280	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	2,100	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	1,360	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	30,715	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	325	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	350	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	750	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	990	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	1,470	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	1,340	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	1,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	1,635	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	1,640	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	1,660	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	3,040	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	2,830	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	2,550	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	2,250	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	1,800	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	6,590	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	3,155	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	1,585	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	1,855	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	21,635	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	86,818	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	76,364	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	9,365	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	77,472	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	68,348	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	9,205	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	109,589	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	94,641	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	2,680	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	53,788	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	49,270	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	21,660	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	101,860	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	86,011	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	9,365	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	90,176	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	76,146	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	9,200	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	125,591	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	105,373	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	2,700	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	63,088	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	55,261	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	10,195	4,805	5,385
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	34,004	37,522	31,168
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	30,697	33,224	28,683
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	10,150	4,715	5,440
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	40,528	43,267	38,155
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	34,924	36,393	33,651
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	75,175	37,095	38,080
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	37,235	17,835	19,405
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	5,290	2,535	2,755
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	6,520	2,905	3,615
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	8,615	4,070	4,550
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	8,295	4,095	4,205
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	8,510	4,230	4,285
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	37,940	19,260	18,680
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	8,925	4,485	4,435
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	8,350	4,205	4,145
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	7,915	4,020	3,890
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	7,455	3,795	3,660
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	5,295	2,750	2,545
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	75,175	37,095	38,085
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	16,700	8,575	8,125
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	5,350	2,710	2,640
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	45,515	22,560	22,950
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	12,965	5,960	7,000
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	8,335	3,825	4,505
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	2,390	1,215	1,170
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	900	470	430
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	4,545	2,105	2,435
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	1,400	500	900
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	11.1	10.3	11.8
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	14.3	14.2	14.4
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	16.8	17.3	16.3
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	10.0	9.3	10.6
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	10.8	8.4	12.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	3,445	1,665	1,780
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	805	410	400
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	290	155	140
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	2,400	1,170	1,235
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	235	90	145
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	4.6	4.5	4.7
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	4.8	4.8	4.9
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	5.4	5.7	5.3
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	5.3	5.2	5.4
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	1.8	1.5	2.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	75,175	37,095	38,085
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	74,575	36,810	37,765
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	74,570	36,805	37,765
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	2,985	1,145	1,840
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	9,245	4,570	4,670
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	0	0	0
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	0	0	0
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	0	0	0
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	0	10	0
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	10	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	9,240	4,575	4,665
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	110	55	55
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	0	0	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	0	0	0
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	0	0
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	105	55	50
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	15	10	0
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	75	40	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	10	0	0
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	0	0	10
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	10	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	35	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	0	0	0
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	30	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	190	75	115
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	0	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	15	0	10
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	0	0	10
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	15	10	10
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	10	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	155	65	95
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	10	0	10
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	40	35	0
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	10	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	25	25	0
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	75	35	40
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	0	0	0
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	45	25	25
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	35	15	20
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	8,165	4,045	4,115
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	30	10	15
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	310	95	215
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	10	10	0
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	10	0	0
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	0	0	0
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	310	90	215
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	0	0	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	0	0	0
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	0	0	0
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	15	0	10
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	25	10	25
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	0	0	0
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	120	40	80
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	70	25	45
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	40	15	25
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	0	0	0
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	15	0	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	20	10	15
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	0	0	10
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	30	15	15
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	20	10	15
Welsh	1,690	830	860	10	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	0	0	0
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	5,900	2,995	2,900
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	30	15	10
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	15	10	10
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	1,510	755	755
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	35	15	15
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	4,480	2,275	2,200
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	0	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	10	0	0
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	0	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	80	45	35
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	245	105	140
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	155	85	70
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	430	230	195
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	400	210	190
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	20	15	10
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	85	50	40
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	195	90	100
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	10	0	10
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	0	0	0
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	165	85	80
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	10	10	0
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	45	30	20
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	30	25	10
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	0	0	0
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	35	25	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	1,470	705	765
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	0	0	10
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	330	160	170
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	255	115	140
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	30	10	20
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	870	430	445
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	0	0	0
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	135	75	60
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	80	35	45
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	20	15	10
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	0	0	0
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	0	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	0	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	0	0	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	0	0	0
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	0	0	0
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	0	0	0
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	10	10	0
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	0	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	0	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	0	0	0
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	0	0	0
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	60	30	30
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	30	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	35	20	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	135	60	75
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	130	50	75
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	60	30	35
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	0	0	0
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	75	30	45
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	10	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	0	0	0
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	200	105	90
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	155	80	80
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	75	35	35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	20	15	10
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	10	0	0
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	10	0	10
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	10	10	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	0	0	0
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	100	45	50
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	0	0	0
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	0	10	0
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	95	45	50
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	10	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	75,180	37,095	38,085
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	73,670	36,400	37,275
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	16,415	8,425	7,990
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	57,255	27,970	29,285
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	1,505	700	805
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	75,175	37,095	38,085
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	68,285	33,850	34,435
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	6,675	3,130	3,545
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	3,580	1,655	1,930
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	750	390	360
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	965	445	520
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	820	380	445
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	465	210	255
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	355	175	185
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	550	255	290
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	215	110	105
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	6,675	3,125	3,545
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	1,095	540	555
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	1,370	640	730
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	1,715	755	960
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	2,235	1,080	1,155
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	260	115	150
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	6,675	3,125	3,545
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	1,580	745	830
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	10	0	10
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	20	0	10
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	20	15	0
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	25	10	15
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	10	10	0
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	70	40	30
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	615	300	315
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	65	35	25
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	545	235	315
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	195	100	95
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	3,910	1,815	2,090
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	10	0	10
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	20	0	15
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	15	0	10
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	365	165	205
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	75	40	40
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	30	15	15
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	80	40	45
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	135	55	80
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	1,070	545	520
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	90	35	60
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	130	70	65
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	20	0	20
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	20	10	15
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	50	25	30
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	15	0	10
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	1,355	620	735
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	435	195	240
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	155	90	60
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	0	0	0
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	25	10	10
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	10	10	0
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	0	0	10
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	0	0	0
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	10	10	0
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	35	30	0
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	60	40	20
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	995	460	535
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	0	0	0
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	15	10	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	110	40	70
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	15	0	15
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	300	140	160
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	20	15	10
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	15	10	10
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	50	15	35
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	50	25	25
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	10	0	10
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	35	25	10
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	150	60	90
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	10	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	10	10	0
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	0	0	0
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	25	10	15
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	185	95	90
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	35	15	25
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	545	255	290
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	275	140	140
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	0	0	0
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	10	0	10
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	20	15	10
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	10	10	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	0	10	0
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	165	70	90
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	55	30	25
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	15	0	10
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	35	25	10
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	10	0	0
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	10	0	0
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	0	10	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	0	0	0
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	0	0	0
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	0	0	0
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	0	0	0
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	15	10	0
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	35	10	20
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	0	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	0	0	0
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	0	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	0	0	0
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	0	0	0
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	10	0	0
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	0	0	0
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	15	0	10
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	200	80	120
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	0	0	0
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	0	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	10	0	10
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	0	0	0
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	75	35	45
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	0	0	0
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	0	0	0
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	0	0	0
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	15	0	10
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	0	0	0
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	10	0	0
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	0	0	0
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	0	10	0
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	55	20	40
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	10	10	0
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	0	0	0
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	0	0	0
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	15	0	15
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	0	0	0
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	0	10	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	75,180	37,095	38,080
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	7,220	3,395	3,820
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	10,990	5,630	5,360
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	56,970	28,065	28,905
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	3,180	1,510	1,665
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	1,365	705	665
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	590	430	165
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	780	280	500
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	1,275	515	755
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	475	255	220
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	60	35	25
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	75,175	37,095	38,085
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	1,025	515	510
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	1,005	505	505
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	740	370	370
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	260	125	135
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	15	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	74,150	36,580	37,570
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	75,180	37,090	38,085
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	345	150	200
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	74,830	36,945	37,885
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	75,180	37,090	38,080
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	145	55	95
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	140	40	95
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	105	30	70
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	30	15	20
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	1,690	820	875
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	1,670	805	860
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	1,395	660	735
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	265	150	120
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	25	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	73,335	36,225	37,110
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	75,180	37,095	38,080
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	2,700	1,340	1,360
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	565	280	285
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	205	75	130
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	550	310	245
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	205	95	110
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	325	160	165
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	70	40	35
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	350	170	180
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	35	25	10
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	80	30	50
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	140	80	60
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	120	55	70
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	40	20	25
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	72,475	35,755	36,725
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	75,175	37,095	38,080
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	1,840	870	970
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	1,540	710	825
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	10	0	0
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	340	180	155
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	24,910	12,255	12,650
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	50	15	35
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	750	345	405
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	24,345	12,025	12,320
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	70	25	40
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	0	0	0
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	0	0	0
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	10	10	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	0	0	0
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	59,935	29,540	30,395
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	40,655	19,695	20,960
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	0	0	0
Cornish	1,975	995	975	0	0	0
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	23,695	11,345	12,350
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	17,545	8,330	9,215
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	0	10	0
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	19,540	9,225	10,310
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	1,435	765	675
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	1,820	890	930
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	6,130	2,835	3,300
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	45	10	35
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	0	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	6,100	2,825	3,275
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	30,490	15,115	15,370
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	330	145	185
Bavarian	940	485	455	0	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	600	330	270
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	8,475	4,360	4,110
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	130	60	70
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	60	35	20
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	21,880	10,710	11,170
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	20	10	10
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	2,450	1,215	1,235
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	1,260	655	605
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	340	200	140
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	205	95	105
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	50	25	25
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	330	155	175
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	365	195	175
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	30	25	10
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	4,105	1,900	2,205
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	10	10	0
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	15	10	10
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	155	40	115
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	40	15	25
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	10	15	0
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	460	160	300
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	90	45	50
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	60	20	35
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	10	0	0
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	1,555	760	790
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	205	85	120
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	875	450	425
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	120	40	80
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	920	445	480
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	3,485	1,680	1,800
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	25	0	20
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	10	0	0
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	80	30	55
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	15	10	0
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	275	140	135
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	1,800	880	920
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	10	10	10
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	10	0	10
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	100	50	45
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	0	0	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	530	255	275
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	90	40	50
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	60	35	25
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	75	40	40
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	415	185	225
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	90	25	70
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	10	0	10
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	325	160	160
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	0	0	0
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	65	40	30
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	10	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	255	125	130
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	520	285	235
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	0	0	0
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	0	0	0
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	45	15	30
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	0	10	0
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	20	15	10
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	15	10	0
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	10	10	0
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	320	185	130
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	0	0	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	0	0	10
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	10	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	75	30	40
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	20	15	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	1,045	510	535
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	55	30	20
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	10	0	0
Belizean	1,755	915	845	0	0	0
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	0	0	0
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	40	10	30
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	10	0	10
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	35	20	15
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	15	10	0
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	0	0	0
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	105	50	55
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	40	10	25
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	0	0	0
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	0	0	0
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	10	10	0
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	670	330	340
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	30	10	20
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	10	10	0
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	0	0	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	10	0	0
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	40	25	15
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	0	0	0
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	0	0	0
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	390	230	160
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	30	20	10
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	0	0	0
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	10	0	0
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	10	0	0
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	0	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	0	0	0
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	0	0	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	0	0	0
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	0	0	0
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	0	0	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	20	15	0
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	35	25	15
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	0	0	0
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	0	0	0
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	0	0	0
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	30	20	15
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	0	0	0
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	0	0	0
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	0	0	0
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	140	75	65
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	20	10	10
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	10	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	0	0	0
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	10	0	10
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	10	10	0
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	0	0	0
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	0	0	0
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	0	0	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	0	0	0
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	10	0	10
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	50	35	10
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	0	0	0
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	15	0	10
Zambian	1,860	935	920	10	0	0
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	0	0	0
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	10	10	0
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	190	120	70
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	20	15	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	170	110	65
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	1,900	920	980
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	220	130	90
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	10	10	0
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	20	10	10
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	0	0	0
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	0	0	0
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	50	30	20
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	10	10	0
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	0	0	0
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	20	10	10
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	0	0	0
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	50	30	25
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	20	10	15
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	0	0	0
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	20	15	10
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	0	0	0
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	30	15	10
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	0	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	10	10	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	0	0	0
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	10	10	0
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	625	320	310
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	20	20	0
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	0	0	0
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	535	265	265
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	0	0	0
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	0	0	0
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	0	0	0
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	40	25	20
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	40	30	15
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	10	10	0
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	15	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	1,080	480	600
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	25	0	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	10	0	10
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	345	135	210
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	230	110	120
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	0	0	0
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	165	90	75
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	85	35	50
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	220	105	115
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	0	0	0
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	0	0	0
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	0	0	0
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	0	0	0
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	60	25	35
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	50	25	30
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	30	15	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	30	20	10
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	110	45	60
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	85	30	55
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	20	15	10
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	0	0	0
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	0	0	0
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	0	0	0
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	0	0	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	30,715	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	22,475	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	8,240	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	30,715	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	1,230	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	29,485	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	30,710	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	65	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	2,770	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	6,740	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	13,250	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	7,890	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	30,715	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	5,265	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	3,820	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	5,090	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	5,205	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	11,340	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	30,710	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	30,495	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	30,710	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	29,905	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	805	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	30,715	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	13,045	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	7,490	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	2,750	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	3,000	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	1,665	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	1,420	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	1,340	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	30,710	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	28,950	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	1,760	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	30,715	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	18,025	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	12,390	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	30,710	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	900	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	4,000	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	4,740	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	5,850	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	6,610	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	4,620	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	2,810	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	1,185	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	28,795	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	22,975	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	5,820	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	5,285	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	20,720	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	56.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	13.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,065	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,170	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	280,258	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	333,753	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	8,105	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	15.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	36.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	868	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	875	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	61,425	30,075	31,355
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	14,660	7,745	6,915
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	18,980	9,345	9,640
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	27,785	12,985	14,800
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	4,720	3,600	1,120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	1,730	1,080	650
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	2,985	2,515	470
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	13,655	5,455	8,200
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	1,065	470	590
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	8,350	3,465	4,885
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	5,845	2,335	3,515
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	605	225	385
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	305	180	125
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	1,420	625	790
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	175	105	75
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	38,975	19,130	19,845
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	5,990	3,375	2,620
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	12,235	6,245	5,985
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	20,750	9,515	11,240
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	3,275	2,525	750
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	1,150	730	420
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	2,130	1,795	335
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	10,560	4,275	6,285
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	670	305	375
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	6,240	2,405	3,830
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	4,455	1,720	2,740
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	465	160	300
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	225	110	115
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	985	360	625
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	110	60	50
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	61,425	30,070	31,355
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	33,640	17,085	16,555
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	1,965	465	1,500
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	1,965	465	1,500
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	1,380	605	775
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	200	160	40
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	1,180	450	730
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	1,525	610	910
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	105	35	70
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	385	110	270
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	285	80	205
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	20	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	120	65	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	255	140	115
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	270	160	110
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	90	20	75
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	2,920	700	2,220
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	35	0	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	220	70	155
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	940	45	895
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	350	85	265
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	90	20	70
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	485	125	365
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	790	355	440
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	4,285	1,560	2,720
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	460	115	345
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	3,825	1,445	2,375
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	575	260	315
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	210	75	135
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	130	55	75
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	15	0	0
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	125	80	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	95	45	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	670	400	270
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	430	280	150
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	75	15	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	140	95	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	20	10	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	5,895	5,545	350
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	200	145	55
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	535	440	90
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	1,000	880	120
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	1,395	1,385	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	1,630	1,580	45
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	1,140	1,110	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	1,580	1,200	380
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	1,410	1,085	335
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	165	120	50
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	4,845	645	4,200
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	385	150	230
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	4,370	430	3,935
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	95	60	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	2,105	995	1,105
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	1,180	220	960
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	25	15	10
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	555	420	135
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	340	340	0
Other	3,170	885	2,280	45	0	45
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	45	0	45
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	38,975	19,135	19,845
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	18,225	9,620	8,605
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	1,265	285	980
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	1,265	285	980
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	1,070	430	635
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	145	105	40
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	925	325	600
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	1,075	415	660
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	85	25	65
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	250	60	185
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	200	50	145
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	15	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	85	45	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	185	95	90
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	185	115	75
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	70	15	55
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	2,120	450	1,670
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	175	45	125
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	685	35	650
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	275	45	225
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	65	15	55
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	345	70	270
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	575	240	330
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	3,350	1,180	2,170
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	375	80	295
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	2,975	1,100	1,875
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	390	160	230
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	145	45	100
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	80	30	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	15	0	10
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	85	50	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	65	35	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	550	320	230
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	380	235	145
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	45	10	35
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	105	65	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	20	0	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	4,495	4,165	320
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	165	120	45
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	370	285	85
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	825	720	105
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	1,090	1,085	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	1,200	1,155	45
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	840	805	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	1,230	935	300
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	1,100	840	260
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	130	95	35
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	3,650	450	3,200
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	300	110	195
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	3,275	295	2,985
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	70	45	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	1,535	720	810
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	860	150	715
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	425	330	95
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	240	230	0
Other	2,590	745	1,845	30	0	35
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	35	0	35
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	61,425	30,075	31,350
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	33,640	17,085	16,555
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	27,785	12,985	14,795
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	25,410	11,860	13,545
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	24,350	11,355	12,995
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	1,055	510	550
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	2,380	1,120	1,255
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	655	280	380
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	115	40	75
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	140	65	80
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	455	260	190
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	40	15	25
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	0	0	0
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	965	460	505
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	38,975	19,135	19,845
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	18,225	9,620	8,605
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	20,750	9,510	11,240
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	19,240	8,875	10,375
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	18,420	8,495	9,920
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	825	375	450
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	1,510	640	870
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	440	155	285
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	110	40	75
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	115	50	65
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	200	110	95
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	30	10	15
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	0	0	0
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	610	275	335
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	61,425	30,070	31,350
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	42,875	22,545	20,340
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	41,145	21,725	19,420
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	1,730	820	915
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	18,545	7,530	11,015
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	69.8	75.0	64.9
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	67.0	72.2	61.9
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	4.0	3.6	4.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	61,425	30,070	31,355
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	16,440	6,555	9,890
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	44,985	23,520	21,465
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	25,555	15,060	10,500
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	19,430	8,460	10,970
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	44.5	45.2	43.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	42,875	22,545	20,340
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	365	180	185
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	42,515	22,365	20,150
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	35,850	18,430	17,420
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	6,665	3,930	2,735
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	42,875	22,540	20,335
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	365	180	185
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	42,515	22,360	20,150
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	5,030	3,360	1,670
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	5,285	1,360	3,930
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	1,675	1,195	485
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	2,535	325	2,210
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	3,600	940	2,660
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	1,165	525	635
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	8,515	3,060	5,450
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	7,705	7,150	560
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	2,080	1,395	690
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	4,910	3,055	1,855
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	42,880	22,540	20,340
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	365	175	185
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	42,515	22,365	20,150
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	3,925	2,620	1,305
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	90	80	15
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	135	115	20
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	3,510	3,140	370
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	8,065	5,545	2,515
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	1,890	1,345	540
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	4,390	2,000	2,395
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	1,590	1,165	425
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	430	200	235
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	1,650	470	1,180
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	450	265	185
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	1,720	830	890
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	35	10	25
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	1,390	680	710
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	2,200	570	1,630
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	4,430	500	3,930
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	1,200	485	710
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	2,445	840	1,600
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	1,845	875	965
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	1,130	630	500
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	41,145	21,730	19,420
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	5,060	2,825	2,240
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	110	75	30
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	3,925	2,990	935
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	32,050	15,830	16,220
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	32,050	15,835	16,220
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	18,510	8,760	9,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	6,745	3,235	3,505
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	6,760	3,825	2,935
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	35	10	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	35,975	18,825	17,150
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	29,220	15,575	13,640
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	2,680	1,230	1,450
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	400	130	270
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	2,610	1,200	1,410
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	670	485	185
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	400	200	195
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	35,975	18,825	17,150
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	18,670	9,210	9,455
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	9,280	4,725	4,550
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	4,305	2,535	1,775
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	2,175	1,270	905
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	1,545	1,080	465
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	35,975	18,820	17,155
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	2,785	1,980	805
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	7,330	4,900	2,425
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	8,670	4,810	3,860
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	7,300	2,350	4,955
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	3,230	1,255	1,975
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	6,650	3,525	3,125
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	45,905	23,900	22,005
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	45,715	23,835	21,885
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	45,255	23,550	21,705
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	45,205	23,530	21,680
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	50	25	25
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	460	285	175
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	460	280	180
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	0	0	0
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	0	0	0
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	440	270	170
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	0	0	0
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	0	0	0
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	410	245	170
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	40	20	20
Frisian	40	25	15	10	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	345	205	135
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	15	10	10
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	0	0	0
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	0	0	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	30	25	0
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	0	0	0
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	30	30	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	0	0	0
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	10	0	0
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	0	0	10
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	0	0	0
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	10	0	0
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	10	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	190	70	125
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	70	10	55
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	105	55	50
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	15	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	45,905	23,900	22,005
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	44,855	23,345	21,510
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	275	170	105
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	190	40	150
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	555	330	225
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	555	330	225
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	10	0	0
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	25	10	10
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	74,350	36,680	37,665
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	66,445	32,795	33,650
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	7,905	3,890	4,015
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	4,045	1,975	2,070
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	3,855	1,910	1,950
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	3,565	1,765	1,800
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	3,340	1,645	1,695
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	230	120	110
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	285	145	140
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	70,780	34,845	35,925
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	47,885	23,885	24,000
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	22,895	10,965	11,930
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	11,740	5,695	6,045
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	11,155	5,270	5,885
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	10,445	4,890	5,555
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	9,785	4,580	5,205
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	665	310	350
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	710	380	330