Census Profile, 2016 Census
Quebec [Province] and Canada [Country]

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Quebec [Province]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , Quebec [Province] Map : Quebec [Province] Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country] Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	7,585,545	3,753,190	3,832,350	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,521,230	779,620	741,610	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,064,310	2,973,575	3,090,740	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	379,910	188,245	191,665	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	6,788,085	3,365,345	3,422,735	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,091,310	530,325	560,980	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	238,655	117,080	121,575	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	127,340	63,150	64,190	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	187,860	89,210	98,650	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	322,280	155,785	166,495	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	140,170	67,835	72,335	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	182,115	87,945	94,165	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	215,170	105,105	110,065	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	86,065	45,765	40,295	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,091,305	530,325	560,980	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	112,930	54,600	58,330	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	174,020	87,165	86,855	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	215,350	98,880	116,475	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	515,770	256,095	259,675	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	73,230	33,590	39,640	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,091,305	530,330	560,980	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	247,505	113,190	134,315	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	7,345	3,515	3,830	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	25,580	11,645	13,935	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	11,120	5,500	5,615	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	2,490	1,085	1,410	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	80,965	35,375	45,585	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	4,665	2,040	2,625	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	15,820	7,090	8,730	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	13,265	5,945	7,325	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	4,075	1,840	2,240	65,040	29,325	35,710
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	25,955	12,800	13,155	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	56,235	26,370	29,870	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	311,090	154,910	156,185	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	3,785	1,890	1,895	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	2,140	1,085	1,050	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	81,225	43,490	37,735	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	9,750	4,365	5,390	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	18,420	9,135	9,285	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	3,325	1,620	1,700	36,820	17,945	18,875
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	820	485	330	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	51,025	25,370	25,655	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	1,990	1,035	955	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	10,735	4,675	6,060	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	18,985	9,185	9,800	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	28,695	13,695	15,005	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	11,355	4,975	6,375	78,685	34,265	44,420
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	1,790	830	960	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	8,670	3,800	4,870	73,030	33,360	39,665
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	12,905	6,645	6,260	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	45,500	22,630	22,870	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	241,410	125,250	116,165	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	59,465	31,180	28,280	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	19,490	10,290	9,200	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	995	495	495	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	785	355	430	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	60,700	31,435	29,270	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	1,340	740	600	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	580	270	310	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	865	475	385	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	97,200	50,005	47,190	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	289,825	136,175	153,655	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	7,280	3,640	3,640	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	7,940	3,990	3,950	58,735	29,875	28,865
China^{Census data footnote 59}	49,555	19,905	29,655	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	4,730	2,290	2,435	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	17,865	9,195	8,670	668,565	334,030	334,540
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	17,760	8,880	8,885	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	3,735	1,960	1,775	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	1,725	395	1,330	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	4,230	1,995	2,230	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	39,135	20,800	18,340	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	10,010	5,260	4,750	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	24,410	9,040	15,370	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	10,715	5,335	5,380	131,995	64,825	67,170
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	17,775	8,800	8,980	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	2,735	1,100	1,635	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	25,440	11,765	13,675	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	44,795	21,840	22,950	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	1,480	805	670	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	215,170	105,105	110,065	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	47,710	22,625	25,085	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	3,010	1,495	1,520	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	7,540	3,465	4,075	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	2,565	1,260	1,315	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	16,880	7,690	9,190	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	190	140	55	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	4,210	1,955	2,255	18,660	9,090	9,575
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	3,990	2,265	1,720	33,060	16,480	16,580
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	1,955	935	1,020	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	7,365	3,425	3,935	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	39,320	20,085	19,235	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	20,030	10,855	9,175	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	580	250	330	6,300	3,255	3,045
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	135	105	35	5,660	3,540	2,120
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	3,750	1,695	2,055	5,900	2,735	3,165
Romania	2,945	1,260	1,685	7,610	3,330	4,280
Russian Federation	1,970	865	1,105	11,565	4,485	7,080
Ukraine	2,460	1,110	1,350	13,425	6,015	7,410
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	860	565	290	24,445	14,235	10,215
Other places of birth in Europe	6,590	3,385	3,205	40,970	20,405	20,570
Africa	74,200	37,110	37,090	162,800	81,545	81,245
Algeria	16,380	8,060	8,320	17,175	8,440	8,735
Cameroon	7,550	3,705	3,845	10,265	5,005	5,255
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	3,370	1,655	1,715	7,400	3,570	3,835
Côte d'Ivoire	5,070	2,505	2,565	6,240	3,030	3,210
Egypt	4,360	2,260	2,095	16,115	8,445	7,665
Eritrea	50	30	20	6,050	3,195	2,855
Ethiopia	125	65	60	7,510	3,625	3,890
Morocco	13,475	6,675	6,805	15,105	7,470	7,635
Nigeria	540	280	260	17,285	8,850	8,435
Somalia	95	40	50	5,335	2,600	2,730
South Africa, Republic of	175	115	60	5,765	2,935	2,830
Tunisia	5,855	3,025	2,825	6,700	3,475	3,230
Other places of birth in Africa	17,155	8,690	8,470	41,855	20,905	20,950
Asia	53,595	25,070	28,525	748,700	352,095	396,610
Afghanistan	1,555	715	840	9,240	4,530	4,710
Bangladesh	860	455	405	12,900	6,445	6,460
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10,705	4,805	5,895	129,020	57,745	71,270
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	120	35	80	4,975	2,090	2,880
India	2,960	1,555	1,405	147,190	75,145	72,045
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	7,505	3,545	3,960	42,070	20,580	21,490
Iraq	985	465	515	20,665	10,345	10,320
Israel	645	390	255	4,740	2,615	2,130
Japan	330	30	295	4,905	1,250	3,655
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	825	370	455	21,710	9,630	12,075
Lebanon	3,955	2,100	1,860	9,375	4,980	4,400
Nepal	360	165	195	7,505	3,780	3,715
Pakistan	1,815	920	895	41,480	20,530	20,945
Philippines	5,635	2,345	3,290	188,810	83,050	105,760
Saudi Arabia	435	210	225	5,465	2,820	2,640
Sri Lanka	860	380	480	11,495	5,190	6,305
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	7,455	3,740	3,715	29,945	15,245	14,700
Taiwan	170	60	105	4,310	1,685	2,625
Turkey	585	300	285	4,255	2,365	1,890
United Arab Emirates	300	160	145	6,135	3,220	2,910
Viet Nam	1,505	560	945	11,210	4,500	6,705
Other places of birth in Asia	4,025	1,765	2,265	31,320	14,345	16,970
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	345	215	135	7,955	4,670	3,280
Australia	190	120	70	4,965	2,950	2,010
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	155	95	65	2,990	1,720	1,270
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,204,895	590,175	614,720	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	792,085	399,535	392,550	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	5,968,475	2,951,730	3,016,745	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	867,685	420,465	447,220	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	469,015	243,915	225,100	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	224,720	137,975	86,745	1,220,755	755,370	465,380
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	244,300	105,945	138,360	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	241,225	96,130	145,095	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	146,295	75,100	71,195	858,845	453,675	405,175
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	11,150	5,320	5,825	68,145	31,530	36,615

Note(s):

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Quebec [Province] and Canada [Country] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 19, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Quebec [Province] and Canada [Country]

Census Profile, 2016 Census Quebec [Province] and Canada [Country]

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Quebec [Province] and Canada [Country]