Census Profile, 2016 Census
Quebec [Province] and Canada [Country]

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic Quebec

[Province] 		Canada

[Country]
Data quality , Quebec [Province]  Map : Quebec [Province]
Change geography 1 		Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2
Change geography 2
Total Male Female Total Male Female
Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1 8,164,361 ... ... 35,151,728 ... ...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1 7,903,001 ... ... 33,476,688 ... ...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016 3.3 ... ... 5.0 ... ...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2 3,858,943 ... ... 15,412,443 ... ...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3 3,531,663 ... ... 14,072,079 ... ...
Population density per square kilometre 6.0 ... ... 3.9 ... ...
Land area in square kilometres 1,356,625.27 ... ... 8,965,588.85 ... ...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4 8,164,360 4,016,760 4,147,605 35,151,730 17,264,200 17,887,530
0 to 14 years 1,333,260 682,535 650,720 5,839,565 2,992,920 2,846,645
0 to 4 years 444,930 227,965 216,970 1,898,790 973,030 925,760
5 to 9 years 469,165 240,225 228,940 2,018,130 1,034,685 983,445
10 to 14 years 419,160 214,345 204,815 1,922,645 985,200 937,445
15 to 64 years 5,335,910 2,664,630 2,671,280 23,376,530 11,576,130 11,800,400
15 to 19 years 429,825 219,070 210,755 2,026,160 1,039,215 986,940
20 to 24 years 500,100 252,600 247,500 2,242,690 1,144,495 1,098,200
25 to 29 years 495,410 248,030 247,380 2,285,990 1,144,470 1,141,515
30 to 34 years 515,505 256,440 259,070 2,329,395 1,148,290 1,181,110
35 to 39 years 550,540 274,595 275,945 2,288,365 1,118,635 1,169,730
40 to 44 years 506,525 254,100 252,425 2,255,135 1,104,440 1,150,695
45 to 49 years 519,425 260,410 259,015 2,359,965 1,157,760 1,202,210
50 to 54 years 619,435 309,070 310,370 2,678,075 1,318,755 1,359,320
55 to 59 years 636,475 314,190 322,285 2,620,240 1,285,190 1,335,055
60 to 64 years 562,670 276,140 286,535 2,290,510 1,114,885 1,175,630
65 years and over 1,495,195 669,590 825,605 5,935,630 2,695,150 3,240,485
65 to 69 years 488,175 236,395 251,775 1,972,480 953,075 1,019,405
70 to 74 years 373,590 176,905 196,690 1,420,875 677,975 742,900
75 to 79 years 256,905 116,020 140,890 1,021,850 469,550 552,300
80 to 84 years 187,835 78,390 109,450 749,650 325,765 423,880
85 years and over 188,685 61,885 126,805 770,780 268,790 501,990
85 to 89 years 120,635 43,795 76,840 482,525 185,535 296,990
90 to 94 years 53,165 15,155 38,015 223,510 68,675 154,835
95 to 99 years 13,035 2,685 10,350 56,525 13,240 43,280
100 years and over 1,850 255 1,600 8,230 1,340 6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
0 to 14 years 16.3 17.0 15.7 16.6 17.3 15.9
15 to 64 years 65.4 66.3 64.4 66.5 67.1 66.0
65 years and over 18.3 16.7 19.9 16.9 15.6 18.1
85 years and over 2.3 1.5 3.1 2.2 1.6 2.8
Average age of the population 41.9 40.9 42.9 41.0 40.1 41.9
Median age of the population 42.5 41.4 43.6 41.2 40.2 42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5 3,531,660 ... ... 14,072,080 ... ...
Single-detached house 1,602,680 ... ... 7,541,495 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys 187,800 ... ... 1,391,040 ... ...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6 1,717,680 ... ... 4,949,795 ... ...
Semi-detached house 188,245 ... ... 698,800 ... ...
Row house 93,350 ... ... 891,305 ... ...
Apartment or flat in a duplex 265,195 ... ... 784,300 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys 1,154,955 ... ... 2,539,390 ... ...
Other single-attached house 15,940 ... ... 36,005 ... ...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7 23,505 ... ... 189,755 ... ...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8 3,531,665 ... ... 14,072,080 ... ...
1 person 1,175,230 ... ... 3,969,790 ... ...
2 persons 1,227,765 ... ... 4,834,605 ... ...
3 persons 489,460 ... ... 2,140,640 ... ...
4 persons 426,250 ... ... 1,946,275 ... ...
5 or more persons 212,960 ... ... 1,180,770 ... ...
Number of persons in private households 7,965,455 ... ... 34,460,060 ... ...
Average household size 2.3 ... ... 2.4 ... ...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9 6,831,105 3,334,220 3,496,885 29,312,160 14,271,280 15,040,885
Married or living common law 3,844,145 1,924,750 1,919,395 16,893,720 8,452,135 8,441,585
Married 2,342,980 1,172,720 1,170,260 13,383,455 6,693,465 6,689,990
Living common law 1,501,160 752,025 749,135 3,510,265 1,758,670 1,751,590
Not married and not living common law 2,986,960 1,409,475 1,577,490 12,418,440 5,819,140 6,599,300
Never married 2,010,580 1,084,300 926,280 8,254,340 4,444,425 3,809,915
Separated 103,625 46,390 57,240 718,295 309,905 408,400
Divorced 483,195 194,430 288,760 1,816,005 725,535 1,090,470
Widowed 389,555 84,345 305,210 1,629,800 339,280 1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10 2,257,560 ... ... 9,840,730 ... ...
2 persons 1,204,955 ... ... 5,007,790 ... ...
3 persons 466,310 ... ... 2,107,830 ... ...
4 persons 412,160 ... ... 1,909,935 ... ...
5 or more persons 174,140 ... ... 815,170 ... ...
Average size of census families 2.8 ... ... 2.9 ... ...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11 2,257,560 ... ... 9,840,730 ... ...
Total couple families 1,878,095 ... ... 8,227,925 ... ...
Married couples 1,128,355 ... ... 6,474,005 ... ...
Common-law couples 749,740 ... ... 1,753,920 ... ...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent 379,460 ... ... 1,612,805 ... ...
Female parent 284,900 ... ... 1,262,340 ... ...
Male parent 94,565 ... ... 350,465 ... ...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data 1,878,095 ... ... 8,227,925 ... ...
Couples without children 970,260 ... ... 4,024,305 ... ...
Couples with children 907,840 ... ... 4,203,615 ... ...
1 child 356,640 ... ... 1,650,165 ... ...
2 children 384,875 ... ... 1,783,080 ... ...
3 or more children 166,315 ... ... 770,375 ... ...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data 379,465 ... ... 1,612,805 ... ...
1 child 234,695 ... ... 983,485 ... ...
2 children 109,670 ... ... 457,670 ... ...
3 or more children 35,100 ... ... 171,655 ... ...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data 1,579,070 775,765 803,305 6,107,260 2,941,395 3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12 3,531,660 ... ... 14,072,075 ... ...
One-census-family households 2,197,340 ... ... 9,218,225 ... ...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13 947,305 ... ... 3,782,095 ... ...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14 1,250,040 ... ... 5,436,135 ... ...
Multiple-census-family households 29,595 ... ... 301,715 ... ...
Non-census-family households 1,304,725 ... ... 4,552,135 ... ...
One-person households 1,175,230 ... ... 3,969,790 ... ...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households 129,500 ... ... 582,350 ... ...
Knowledge of official languagesThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15 8,066,560 3,977,275 4,089,285 34,767,255 17,101,170 17,666,080
English only 372,445 187,595 184,860 23,757,525 11,838,075 11,919,455
French only 4,032,640 1,874,545 2,158,095 4,144,685 1,925,845 2,218,840
English and French 3,586,410 1,884,135 1,702,275 6,216,065 3,071,325 3,144,740
Neither English nor French 75,065 31,000 44,060 648,970 265,920 383,045
First official language spokenThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16 8,066,555 3,977,270 4,089,285 34,767,250 17,101,165 17,666,085
English 964,120 482,985 481,135 26,007,500 12,852,330 13,155,165
French 6,750,945 3,320,380 3,430,560 7,705,755 3,780,105 3,925,650
English and French 278,710 144,060 134,655 417,485 209,130 208,355
Neither English nor French 72,775 29,845 42,930 636,515 259,600 376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17 1,103,480 555,015 548,465 7,914,495 3,884,670 4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17 13.7 14.0 13.4 22.8 22.7 22.8
Mother tongueThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18 8,066,555 3,977,270 4,089,285 34,767,255 17,101,170 17,666,085
Single responses 7,881,650 3,884,675 3,996,975 33,948,620 16,702,840 17,245,775
Official languages 6,820,815 3,366,970 3,453,845 26,627,555 13,201,620 13,425,940
English 601,155 301,860 299,300 19,460,850 9,680,125 9,780,725
French 6,219,665 3,065,115 3,154,550 7,166,705 3,521,495 3,645,215
Non-official languages 1,060,830 517,700 543,125 7,321,065 3,501,220 3,819,840
Aboriginal languages 45,570 22,530 23,040 195,700 94,795 100,900
Algonquian languages 33,140 16,365 16,770 130,450 62,930 67,520
Blackfoot 5 0 0 2,815 1,325 1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages 31,430 15,575 15,855 88,445 42,920 45,530
Atikamekw 6,150 3,135 3,015 6,150 3,135 3,015
Montagnais (Innu) 8,715 4,155 4,555 10,230 4,885 5,350
Moose Cree 0 5 0 100 50 55
Naskapi 590 285 305 1,205 590 620
Northern East Cree 135 55 80 315 125 190
Plains Cree 5 0 5 3,065 1,360 1,710
Southern East Cree 35 15 15 45 20 25
Swampy Cree 5 5 0 1,440 585 850
Woods Cree 10 5 5 1,840 865 975
Cree, n.o.s. 15,790 7,920 7,875 64,050 31,305 32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages 485 225 260 6,990 3,310 3,680
Malecite 0 0 0 305 140 160
Mi'kmaq 485 220 260 6,690 3,170 3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 1,215 565 645 32,150 15,350 16,800
Algonquin 1,185 555 630 1,260 590 670
Ojibway 20 10 15 17,890 8,440 9,450
Oji-Cree 5 0 5 12,855 6,260 6,595
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 150 65 85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 5 0 5 45 25 20
Athabaskan languages 15 10 5 17,365 8,325 9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages 15 10 5 17,315 8,310 9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 110 55 60
Beaver 0 0 0 190 85 105
Carrier 0 0 0 1,025 465 565
Chilcotin 0 0 0 660 295 360
Dene 0 0 0 10,700 5,185 5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 1,645 840 815
Gwich'in 0 0 0 260 110 145
Sarsi (Sarcee) 5 0 0 80 25 50
Sekani 0 5 0 90 45 45
Slavey-Hare languages 10 5 0 1,995 950 1,045
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 765 365 400
South Slavey 0 0 0 945 455 495
Slavey, n.o.s. 10 10 0 280 130 150
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 270 135 140
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 180 90 90
Tahltan 0 0 0 95 40 50
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 290 120 170
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 215 90 135
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 70 30 40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 5 0 0 50 20 35
Haida 0 0 0 75 35 40
Inuit languages 11,970 5,955 6,015 36,545 18,100 18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 1,025 445 575
Inuktitut 11,895 5,925 5,970 35,215 17,530 17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 75 25 45 315 125 185
Iroquoian languages 375 165 210 1,115 485 635
Cayuga 0 0 0 45 20 20
Mohawk 365 160 210 980 430 555
Oneida 0 0 0 55 20 40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 5 5 5 35 15 20
Kutenai 0 0 0 105 55 55
Michif 5 5 0 465 230 235
Salish languages 5 0 0 2,305 1,130 1,180
Comox 0 0 0 80 45 40
Halkomelem 0 0 0 475 225 245
Lillooet 0 0 0 315 155 155
Okanagan 0 0 0 270 135 135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 445 225 220
Squamish 0 0 0 40 20 20
Straits 0 0 0 80 40 40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 335 150 185
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 5 0 255 135 125
Siouan languages 0 0 0 4,285 2,070 2,220
Dakota 0 0 0 1,215 570 635
Stoney 0 0 0 3,025 1,465 1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 55 30 25
Tlingit 0 0 0 95 40 55
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 1,480 730 755
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 880 435 445
Nisga'a 0 0 0 400 200 200
Tsimshian 0 0 0 200 90 110
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 805 370 435
Haisla 0 0 0 90 40 50
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 95 40 55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 325 145 185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 285 135 140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 5 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 65 30 35 585 295 295
Non-Aboriginal languages 1,015,260 495,175 520,090 7,125,365 3,406,425 3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages 197,535 104,185 93,355 575,365 298,060 277,300
Berber languages 20,845 11,125 9,720 22,135 11,865 10,270
Kabyle 12,470 6,625 5,840 13,150 6,995 6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e. 8,375 4,500 3,875 8,985 4,865 4,115
Cushitic languages 1,125 545 580 42,885 20,095 22,790
Bilen 10 10 5 805 455 350
Oromo 15 10 5 4,960 2,560 2,400
Somali 1,075 515 560 36,755 16,895 19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 30 20 10 365 195 170
Semitic languages 175,215 92,310 82,900 509,190 265,465 243,725
Amharic 745 340 405 22,465 10,720 11,745
Arabic 169,890 89,590 80,300 419,890 220,785 199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 150 80 70 16,070 7,910 8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 15 10 5 5,545 2,780 2,770
Harari 0 5 5 1,320 635 685
Hebrew 3,885 2,040 1,845 19,530 10,480 9,045
Maltese 25 10 15 5,565 2,765 2,800
Tigrigna 385 185 205 16,650 8,310 8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 110 60 50 2,155 1,085 1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 355 200 155 1,155 635 520
Austro-Asiatic languages 36,305 17,030 19,275 176,725 81,810 94,920
Khmer (Cambodian) 8,855 4,105 4,750 20,130 9,270 10,860
Vietnamese 27,425 12,920 14,505 156,425 72,470 83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 25 10 15 170 65 100
Austronesian languages 21,635 7,800 13,835 511,480 211,580 299,900
Bikol 115 35 80 1,790 790 1,000
Cebuano 885 270 610 19,890 7,930 11,960
Fijian 0 0 0 745 400 345
Hiligaynon 410 125 275 6,885 2,680 4,205
Ilocano 2,060 745 1,315 26,345 10,620 15,720
Malagasy 1,250 590 660 1,430 665 760
Malay 705 265 440 12,275 5,255 7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 205 90 110 4,040 1,865 2,175
Pangasinan 95 40 50 1,390 590 800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 15,545 5,480 10,065 431,380 178,575 252,810
Waray-Waray 50 10 40 1,110 430 675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 320 140 180 4,195 1,770 2,425
Creole languages 56,990 25,220 31,770 72,125 32,310 39,820
Haitian Creole 2,220 1,055 1,170 3,030 1,445 1,590
Creole, n.o.s. 53,785 23,675 30,110 64,105 28,455 35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e. 980 490 490 4,985 2,410 2,575
Dravidian languages 14,865 7,435 7,430 189,405 94,765 94,640
Kannada 240 130 110 3,970 2,040 1,935
Malayalam 440 235 205 28,570 14,770 13,800
Tamil 13,600 6,715 6,880 140,720 69,080 71,640
Telugu 570 345 230 15,655 8,640 7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 15 10 5 490 240 250
Hmong-Mien languages 25 10 15 795 395 405
Indo-European languages 553,045 269,625 283,420 3,877,330 1,889,400 1,987,930
Albanian 2,795 1,420 1,370 26,890 13,610 13,285
Armenian 16,430 7,970 8,460 33,455 16,270 17,185
Balto-Slavic languages 68,155 30,960 37,195 701,975 323,640 378,340
Baltic languages 850 335 515 12,530 5,315 7,215
Latvian 290 120 175 5,455 2,350 3,105
Lithuanian 555 215 340 7,075 2,965 4,115
Slavic languages 67,310 30,630 36,675 689,450 318,325 371,115
Belarusan 80 45 35 810 385 430
Bosnian 1,620 805 815 12,210 6,035 6,180
Bulgarian 6,985 3,385 3,600 20,025 9,675 10,345
Croatian 2,330 1,165 1,170 48,200 23,540 24,665
Czech 1,465 690 775 22,290 10,525 11,765
Macedonian 205 105 95 16,775 8,050 8,725
Polish 13,935 6,065 7,865 181,710 82,435 99,275
Russian 28,565 12,715 15,850 188,255 85,400 102,855
Serbian 3,140 1,590 1,545 57,350 28,535 28,815
Serbo-Croatian 1,805 865 940 9,555 4,565 4,985
Slovak 1,040 455 585 17,580 8,075 9,510
Slovene (Slovenian) 755 350 405 9,790 4,415 5,370
Ukrainian 5,210 2,285 2,920 102,485 45,440 57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 175 90 85 2,415 1,255 1,165
Celtic languages 155 95 60 2,690 1,335 1,360
Scottish Gaelic 20 15 10 1,090 540 550
Welsh 40 20 20 1,075 495 575
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 90 55 30 530 295 235
Germanic languages 27,540 13,280 14,260 538,765 258,410 280,350
Afrikaans 125 60 65 10,265 5,115 5,145
Danish 395 190 200 12,630 6,245 6,390
Dutch 2,825 1,395 1,430 99,020 48,200 50,820
Frisian 10 10 0 2,100 1,095 1,005
German 13,670 6,340 7,330 384,035 183,215 200,820
Icelandic 65 30 35 1,285 600 685
Norwegian 200 100 100 4,615 2,170 2,445
Swedish 555 255 300 6,840 3,015 3,825
Vlaams (Flemish) 540 240 300 3,895 1,730 2,165
Yiddish 8,985 4,560 4,420 13,555 6,750 6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 175 100 75 525 280 240
Greek 38,635 19,435 19,205 106,525 53,350 53,170
Indo-Iranian languages 76,040 39,205 36,835 1,312,750 664,120 648,630
Indo-Aryan languages 45,845 23,875 21,970 1,064,760 538,530 526,235
Bengali 10,995 5,620 5,380 73,125 37,410 35,720
Gujarati 6,070 2,980 3,090 108,780 55,105 53,670
Hindi 3,030 1,635 1,390 110,640 55,880 54,765
Kashmiri 20 15 5 565 300 265
Konkani 110 60 55 3,330 1,625 1,710
Marathi 255 145 110 8,295 4,300 3,995
Nepali 1,505 740 765 18,275 9,230 9,045
Oriya (Odia) 35 20 15 1,055 560 495
Punjabi (Panjabi) 12,380 6,720 5,660 501,680 253,515 248,160
Sindhi 330 160 165 11,860 5,605 6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 645 310 330 16,335 8,050 8,285
Urdu 10,470 5,460 5,010 210,815 106,960 103,860
Iranian languages 29,760 15,105 14,655 242,805 122,835 119,970
Kurdish 985 550 430 11,705 6,345 5,355
Pashto 1,285 680 610 16,910 8,760 8,145
Persian (Farsi) 27,490 13,875 13,615 214,200 107,725 106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 440 225 210 5,180 2,755 2,425
Italic (Romance) languages 323,290 157,260 166,030 1,154,270 558,660 595,615
Catalan 320 170 150 865 440 425
Italian 104,600 51,705 52,895 375,635 184,415 191,220
Portuguese 36,770 17,735 19,035 221,540 106,630 114,910
Romanian 35,840 17,170 18,665 96,665 46,195 50,470
Spanish 145,635 70,405 75,235 458,850 220,605 238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 125 75 50 720 380 340
Japanese 2,525 775 1,750 43,640 14,790 28,855
Kartvelian languages 170 80 85 1,715 910 805
Georgian 170 80 90 1,715 910 805
Korean 5,160 2,270 2,890 153,425 70,310 83,115
Mongolic languages 190 75 115 1,575 690 885
Mongolian 195 80 115 1,575 690 880
Niger-Congo languages 28,355 14,360 13,995 91,375 45,075 46,305
Akan (Twi) 1,050 520 525 13,455 6,490 6,970
Bamanankan 1,200 655 545 1,535 815 720
Edo 75 45 30 1,670 770 900
Ewe 730 400 325 1,760 950 805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 2,055 1,080 970 2,825 1,495 1,335
Ga 80 40 40 920 445 470
Ganda 35 15 20 1,295 625 665
Igbo 120 70 50 4,235 2,265 1,970
Lingala 2,465 1,185 1,285 3,810 1,785 2,025
Rundi (Kirundi) 3,345 1,600 1,745 5,845 2,785 3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 2,500 1,115 1,380 5,250 2,355 2,895
Shona 85 45 40 3,180 1,520 1,665
Swahili 3,010 1,460 1,545 13,370 6,385 6,990
Wolof 3,230 1,745 1,485 3,990 2,170 1,820
Yoruba 255 155 100 9,085 4,785 4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 8,135 4,235 3,895 19,135 9,435 9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages 345 180 165 5,870 3,025 2,845
Dinka 5 5 0 2,120 1,115 1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 335 170 165 3,755 1,910 1,840
Sign languages 1,330 700 630 7,500 3,925 3,575
American Sign Language 65 35 30 2,685 1,320 1,360
Quebec Sign Language 670 330 340 695 340 355
Sign languages, n.i.e 595 340 255 4,120 2,265 1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages 76,840 35,775 41,065 1,269,215 589,570 679,645
Chinese languages 76,490 35,600 40,895 1,253,360 581,650 671,715
Cantonese 24,375 11,505 12,875 565,270 262,865 302,405
Hakka 470 215 260 10,910 4,900 6,015
Mandarin 43,700 20,175 23,525 592,040 274,630 317,410
Min Dong 20 10 15 1,230 580 650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 3,225 1,480 1,745 31,795 14,450 17,350
Wu (Shanghainese) 1,075 465 605 12,915 5,780 7,140
Chinese, n.o.s. 3,535 1,710 1,825 38,580 18,165 20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 90 40 45 610 275 335
Tibeto-Burman languages 345 175 170 15,850 7,925 7,935
Burmese 80 30 50 3,585 1,795 1,790
Karenic languages 70 40 30 4,705 2,355 2,350
Tibetan 110 65 50 6,165 3,080 3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 85 45 40 1,400 695 705
Tai-Kadai languages 4,895 2,185 2,710 22,010 8,870 13,145
Lao 4,115 1,995 2,120 12,670 6,145 6,525
Thai 765 180 585 9,255 2,690 6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 10 5 10 80 35 55
Turkic languages 7,980 4,095 3,880 40,140 21,120 19,025
Azerbaijani 290 160 130 3,260 1,785 1,470
Turkish 7,155 3,685 3,470 32,815 17,375 15,440
Uyghur 205 100 105 1,035 510 525
Uzbek 145 70 75 1,715 855 865
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 185 80 105 1,315 590 720
Uralic languages 6,400 2,985 3,410 81,985 37,790 44,195
Estonian 195 75 120 5,445 2,325 3,115
Finnish 360 125 240 15,295 6,395 8,900
Hungarian 5,835 2,790 3,045 61,235 29,060 32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 5 10 5 5
Other languages, n.i.e. 685 385 300 3,690 2,045 1,645
Multiple responses 184,905 92,600 92,310 818,635 398,325 420,305
English and French 72,395 36,695 35,695 165,320 80,460 84,860
English and non-official language 27,485 13,545 13,945 533,265 259,160 274,100
French and non-official language 67,075 33,110 33,970 86,150 42,170 43,985
English, French and non-official language 17,950 9,245 8,705 33,900 16,535 17,365
Language spoken most often at homeThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19 8,066,560 3,977,270 4,089,285 34,767,250 17,101,165 17,666,085
Single responses 7,743,740 3,819,315 3,924,425 33,103,860 16,298,475 16,805,395
Official languages 7,157,850 3,536,165 3,621,685 29,106,670 14,383,020 14,723,645
English 782,185 391,125 391,060 22,162,865 10,966,135 11,196,730
French 6,375,665 3,145,040 3,230,625 6,943,800 3,416,890 3,526,910
Non-official languages 585,890 283,150 302,735 3,997,195 1,915,450 2,081,750
Aboriginal languages 40,190 20,205 19,980 118,470 59,720 58,750
Algonquian languages 28,695 14,385 14,310 75,080 37,825 37,260
Blackfoot 0 0 0 1,115 555 555
Cree-Montagnais languages 28,110 14,105 14,005 55,825 28,135 27,685
Atikamekw 5,465 2,825 2,640 5,465 2,825 2,640
Montagnais (Innu) 7,375 3,590 3,790 8,590 4,195 4,395
Moose Cree 5 5 0 10 5 5
Naskapi 590 295 290 1,200 595 605
Northern East Cree 60 30 30 110 55 60
Plains Cree 5 0 0 1,350 665 685
Southern East Cree 15 5 10 20 5 15
Swampy Cree 5 5 5 330 140 190
Woods Cree 0 5 0 800 410 390
Cree, n.o.s. 14,590 7,355 7,235 37,945 19,240 18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages 220 115 110 3,615 1,795 1,820
Malecite 0 0 0 55 30 30
Mi'kmaq 220 110 105 3,560 1,770 1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 370 170 200 14,525 7,335 7,190
Algonquin 360 165 195 370 170 200
Ojibway 5 5 0 6,175 3,165 3,015
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 7,900 3,960 3,940
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 75 40 35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 5 5
Athabaskan languages 0 0 5 10,265 5,125 5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 10,255 5,120 5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 15 10 10
Beaver 0 0 0 50 30 20
Carrier 0 0 0 245 115 130
Chilcotin 0 0 0 255 125 130
Dene 0 0 0 7,710 3,805 3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 1,020 550 475
Gwich'in 0 0 0 45 25 25
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 10 5 5
Sekani 0 0 0 15 10 5
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 820 425 395
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 340 180 155
South Slavey 0 0 0 370 190 185
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 105 55 55
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 25 15 15
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 25 10 10
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 5 5
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 30 15 15
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 25 15 10
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 10 0 5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 15 5 5
Haida 0 0 0 10 5 0
Inuit languages 11,375 5,770 5,615 29,490 14,995 14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 5 0 165 75 90
Inuktitut 11,350 5,750 5,600 29,230 14,885 14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 20 15 10 90 40 55
Iroquoian languages 70 35 35 285 135 155
Cayuga 0 0 0 10 0 5
Mohawk 70 35 30 255 115 140
Oneida 0 0 0 15 5 10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 5 0 0 5 0 5
Kutenai 0 0 0 15 10 5
Michif 0 0 0 85 40 45
Salish languages 5 5 5 285 130 150
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 45 20 25
Lillooet 0 0 0 25 15 10
Okanagan 0 0 0 85 35 45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 55 30 20
Squamish 0 0 0 5 0 5
Straits 0 0 0 20 10 15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 20 10 10
Salish languages, n.i.e. 5 0 0 25 15 10
Siouan languages 0 0 0 2,225 1,085 1,140
Dakota 0 0 0 255 140 120
Stoney 0 0 0 1,950 940 1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 20 10 15
Tlingit 0 0 0 5 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 410 210 190
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 315 155 155
Nisga'a 0 0 0 70 40 30
Tsimshian 0 0 0 25 15 15
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 75 45 35
Haisla 0 0 0 20 10 15
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 5 5 5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 20 10 10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 30 15 15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 35 10 25 235 110 125
Non-Aboriginal languages 545,695 262,940 282,755 3,878,725 1,855,730 2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages 91,660 46,550 45,110 307,755 153,275 154,480
Berber languages 7,495 3,895 3,605 8,105 4,215 3,895
Kabyle 5,105 2,660 2,450 5,490 2,855 2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e. 2,390 1,235 1,150 2,620 1,365 1,260
Cushitic languages 535 240 295 27,095 12,455 14,640
Bilen 5 0 5 620 330 285
Oromo 5 0 0 3,410 1,700 1,710
Somali 520 230 290 22,895 10,340 12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 5 5 5 185 85 95
Semitic languages 83,520 42,365 41,160 272,100 136,390 135,720
Amharic 340 150 185 12,780 6,010 6,770
Arabic 81,105 41,150 39,955 223,540 112,690 110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 95 50 45 10,510 5,090 5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 10 0 5 3,445 1,695 1,750
Harari 5 0 5 735 335 400
Hebrew 1,705 880 825 8,560 4,425 4,135
Maltese 0 0 0 1,130 525 605
Tigrigna 205 95 105 10,205 5,040 5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 60 25 35 1,200 585 620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 105 50 55 440 215 230
Austro-Asiatic languages 24,980 11,675 13,305 115,210 53,500 61,710
Khmer (Cambodian) 5,180 2,370 2,805 10,880 4,940 5,945
Vietnamese 19,790 9,295 10,495 104,245 48,525 55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 15 5 10 85 40 45
Austronesian languages 9,715 3,960 5,750 239,785 108,110 131,680
Bikol 15 5 10 290 140 155
Cebuano 230 100 125 7,210 3,325 3,880
Fijian 0 0 0 195 105 90
Hiligaynon 130 55 75 2,205 970 1,240
Ilocano 740 305 435 9,125 4,045 5,080
Malagasy 360 185 170 435 220 210
Malay 175 85 95 3,620 1,710 1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 60 30 30 1,200 565 630
Pangasinan 10 5 10 240 110 135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 7,905 3,150 4,760 213,790 96,235 117,555
Waray-Waray 15 10 10 310 135 170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 75 35 35 1,160 545 620
Creole languages 20,705 8,780 11,925 27,860 12,005 15,850
Haitian Creole 855 380 475 1,280 575 705
Creole, n.o.s. 19,405 8,200 11,210 24,575 10,510 14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e. 440 200 240 2,005 920 1,085
Dravidian languages 11,400 5,595 5,805 122,490 59,780 62,710
Kannada 150 85 65 1,630 825 800
Malayalam 200 100 100 15,440 7,865 7,575
Tamil 10,720 5,215 5,500 96,955 46,570 50,385
Telugu 330 190 135 8,280 4,430 3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 10 5 5 190 85 105
Hmong-Mien languages 15 5 5 340 160 180
Indo-European languages 303,215 146,100 157,115 1,911,215 927,225 983,985
Albanian 1,615 795 820 13,135 6,575 6,560
Armenian 11,990 5,680 6,310 21,505 10,165 11,345
Balto-Slavic languages 40,405 19,085 21,325 314,965 149,315 165,650
Baltic languages 190 80 105 3,275 1,400 1,870
Latvian 75 40 40 1,255 530 725
Lithuanian 115 40 70 2,020 870 1,150
Slavic languages 40,220 19,000 21,220 311,690 147,910 163,780
Belarusan 25 15 15 230 105 120
Bosnian 965 475 495 6,045 3,010 3,040
Bulgarian 5,125 2,495 2,630 11,985 5,835 6,150
Croatian 1,015 475 545 16,775 7,980 8,795
Czech 460 220 240 6,235 3,060 3,180
Macedonian 130 65 65 6,830 3,250 3,580
Polish 5,970 2,695 3,270 74,780 34,910 39,870
Russian 20,680 9,775 10,900 116,595 55,175 61,425
Serbian 2,010 1,020 990 31,750 15,665 16,085
Serbo-Croatian 960 470 490 3,885 1,865 2,020
Slovak 245 120 130 5,615 2,685 2,920
Slovene (Slovenian) 225 95 135 2,050 905 1,145
Ukrainian 2,365 1,060 1,300 28,250 13,150 15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 40 15 25 670 310 360
Celtic languages 30 20 10 360 205 155
Scottish Gaelic 5 5 0 185 105 80
Welsh 10 10 0 95 50 45
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 15 15 5 80 50 30
Germanic languages 9,890 4,980 4,905 146,455 71,835 74,615
Afrikaans 15 10 10 4,790 2,355 2,435
Danish 50 25 25 855 410 445
Dutch 375 170 205 9,565 4,630 4,935
Frisian 0 0 0 185 95 90
German 2,550 1,190 1,365 120,335 58,905 61,435
Icelandic 30 15 20 270 120 150
Norwegian 20 5 10 345 145 200
Swedish 105 50 60 1,045 500 545
Vlaams (Flemish) 70 35 40 355 170 185
Yiddish 6,665 3,485 3,180 7,080 3,695 3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 10 5 5 1,625 820 810
Greek 18,545 8,865 9,680 44,545 21,110 23,440
Indo-Iranian languages 53,555 26,845 26,710 838,755 416,960 421,795
Indo-Aryan languages 31,575 15,985 15,585 676,185 337,440 338,745
Bengali 8,180 4,055 4,125 47,350 23,585 23,765
Gujarati 3,840 1,860 1,985 64,150 31,740 32,405
Hindi 1,535 790 745 55,510 27,805 27,710
Kashmiri 5 0 0 135 70 70
Konkani 30 15 15 720 355 370
Marathi 80 40 40 3,780 1,940 1,840
Nepali 1,355 655 700 13,375 6,710 6,670
Oriya (Odia) 15 10 5 470 235 240
Punjabi (Panjabi) 8,840 4,690 4,155 349,145 174,905 174,240
Sindhi 135 65 75 4,975 2,280 2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 365 185 180 7,790 3,860 3,925
Urdu 7,180 3,620 3,565 128,785 63,965 64,820
Iranian languages 21,745 10,740 11,010 160,195 78,310 81,880
Kurdish 510 280 235 6,580 3,400 3,175
Pashto 925 460 465 10,590 5,305 5,290
Persian (Farsi) 20,310 10,005 10,305 143,020 69,600 73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 235 120 120 2,375 1,215 1,160
Italic (Romance) languages 167,190 79,835 87,355 531,485 251,050 280,440
Catalan 110 50 60 355 165 190
Italian 32,935 14,595 18,340 115,415 49,975 65,440
Portuguese 17,260 8,250 9,005 98,710 46,915 51,795
Romanian 24,520 12,000 12,525 53,320 25,795 27,525
Spanish 92,330 44,920 47,415 263,510 128,110 135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 35 20 15 180 85 95
Japanese 1,050 425 620 19,785 8,265 11,515
Kartvelian languages 70 35 35 1,040 565 475
Georgian 70 40 35 1,035 565 475
Korean 3,540 1,630 1,910 109,705 51,385 58,320
Mongolic languages 145 70 75 910 440 470
Mongolian 145 70 75 910 435 470
Niger-Congo languages 7,250 3,450 3,800 28,665 13,340 15,320
Akan (Twi) 445 215 235 5,990 2,695 3,295
Bamanankan 265 135 125 340 180 160
Edo 10 5 5 415 175 240
Ewe 140 60 80 410 185 225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 530 255 280 825 400 425
Ga 15 5 10 250 105 140
Ganda 5 5 5 345 160 185
Igbo 15 10 10 1,000 485 510
Lingala 625 270 355 1,045 455 590
Rundi (Kirundi) 1,110 510 600 2,110 990 1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 530 225 305 1,530 670 865
Shona 20 10 10 1,035 475 560
Swahili 1,100 535 565 5,370 2,500 2,870
Wolof 1,035 555 480 1,380 745 635
Yoruba 55 25 25 2,615 1,275 1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 1,350 635 710 4,010 1,850 2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages 135 70 65 2,650 1,305 1,350
Dinka 0 0 0 1,130 580 550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 130 65 65 1,525 730 800
Sign languages 1,770 1,000 775 10,445 5,870 4,570
American Sign Language 90 35 50 3,015 1,560 1,460
Quebec Sign Language 700 360 340 730 375 355
Sign languages, n.i.e 985 600 385 6,690 3,935 2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages 60,370 28,925 31,450 924,720 433,530 491,190
Chinese languages 60,155 28,805 31,345 913,365 427,860 485,505
Cantonese 17,845 8,470 9,375 400,215 184,340 215,885
Hakka 155 75 80 4,080 1,820 2,265
Mandarin 37,075 17,870 19,200 462,890 220,075 242,815
Min Dong 0 0 0 345 150 195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 1,830 830 1,000 13,965 6,345 7,625
Wu (Shanghainese) 780 355 420 7,650 3,580 4,075
Chinese, n.o.s. 2,435 1,190 1,240 23,935 11,440 12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 40 20 20 280 130 150
Tibeto-Burman languages 215 115 100 11,350 5,670 5,680
Burmese 35 15 20 2,245 1,115 1,125
Karenic languages 65 40 30 3,865 1,935 1,930
Tibetan 70 45 30 4,590 2,305 2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 40 20 20 655 305 345
Tai-Kadai languages 2,375 1,145 1,230 9,565 4,455 5,110
Lao 2,150 1,055 1,100 6,175 2,995 3,180
Thai 225 90 135 3,360 1,450 1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 30 15 15
Turkic languages 5,120 2,540 2,575 22,250 11,205 11,045
Azerbaijani 100 50 55 1,245 640 610
Turkish 4,715 2,340 2,370 18,955 9,525 9,430
Uyghur 140 75 70 610 315 290
Uzbek 105 50 55 990 505 490
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 65 30 35 455 230 225
Uralic languages 2,025 895 1,130 23,245 10,715 12,535
Estonian 30 10 20 975 365 610
Finnish 50 20 30 2,790 1,220 1,565
Hungarian 1,945 860 1,085 19,485 9,125 10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 150 90 60 1,110 605 500
Multiple responses 322,820 157,960 164,860 1,663,390 802,695 860,690
English and French 86,715 43,820 42,890 160,185 77,940 82,235
English and non-official language 54,400 26,255 28,140 1,284,975 620,375 664,600
French and non-official language 139,385 66,610 72,775 148,915 70,915 78,000
English, French and non-official language 42,320 21,270 21,045 69,315 33,465 35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20 8,066,555 3,977,275 4,089,285 34,767,255 17,101,165 17,666,080
None 6,825,240 3,356,340 3,468,900 29,615,245 14,612,175 15,003,065
English 513,410 263,670 249,735 2,109,340 1,045,215 1,064,120
French 320,370 158,340 162,030 731,095 342,245 388,855
Non-official language 317,790 154,450 163,340 2,151,690 1,023,940 1,127,750
Aboriginal 5,700 2,645 3,060 90,740 42,890 47,850
Non-Aboriginal 312,085 151,810 160,280 2,060,945 981,055 1,079,895
English and French 36,235 18,285 17,955 47,970 23,785 24,190
English and non-official language 28,630 14,075 14,555 61,075 30,045 31,030
French and non-official language 23,470 11,365 12,095 48,755 22,690 26,065
English, French and non-official language 1,420 740 680 2,080 1,075 1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21 6,634,295 3,260,155 3,374,145 28,642,980 13,990,620 14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 6,417,615 3,160,595 3,257,020 27,488,530 13,444,335 14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 32,975 37,842 28,522 34,204 40,782 28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 6,419,175 3,160,780 3,258,400 27,499,185 13,449,010 14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 29,535 33,110 26,119 30,866 35,933 26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 5,685,690 2,866,470 2,819,220 24,583,315 12,296,595 12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 30,067 35,597 25,012 32,762 39,925 26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 4,973,245 2,300,800 2,672,445 19,743,240 8,755,815 10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 7,307 5,851 8,246 5,453 4,199 6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 4,627,795 2,408,420 2,219,370 20,428,685 10,547,760 9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 31,263 35,627 27,219 33,684 39,836 28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22 6,634,280 3,260,040 3,374,245 28,643,015 13,990,430 14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 6,417,010 3,159,415 3,257,595 27,489,395 13,441,555 14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 42,546 49,087 36,203 47,487 56,740 38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 6,418,440 3,159,550 3,258,890 27,500,230 13,446,230 14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 34,887 39,292 30,616 38,977 45,404 32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 5,685,905 2,866,415 2,819,485 24,584,065 12,295,015 12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 40,505 47,810 33,079 46,885 56,803 36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 4,972,650 2,299,595 2,673,050 19,742,130 8,752,070 10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 8,590 7,846 9,229 7,738 7,345 8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 4,627,775 2,408,655 2,219,120 20,428,670 10,542,540 9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 40,382 45,974 34,313 46,057 54,369 37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23 6,634,280 3,260,040 3,374,240 28,643,015 13,990,430 14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24 2,036,965 1,114,940 922,025 9,367,045 5,231,015 4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25 47,111 51,622 42,433 53,431 59,326 47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26 56,564 62,750 49,085 65,997 74,289 55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28 84.4 88.3 79.1 88.3 91.6 83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29 68.4 71.4 64.6 72.0 75.2 67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30 15.6 11.7 20.9 11.7 8.4 16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31 6,634,295 3,260,155 3,374,140 28,642,980 13,990,620 14,652,360
Without total income 216,685 99,555 117,125 1,154,450 546,285 608,165
With total income 6,417,615 3,160,595 3,257,020 27,488,530 13,444,335 14,044,195
Percentage with total income 96.7 96.9 96.5 96.0 96.1 95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss) 789,595 351,935 437,660 3,877,620 1,668,960 2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999 1,188,135 476,630 711,500 4,680,380 1,867,600 2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999 976,210 428,390 547,830 3,807,840 1,593,335 2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999 852,735 414,105 438,625 3,206,175 1,472,670 1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999 747,995 378,215 369,780 2,827,045 1,376,565 1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999 540,265 292,110 248,150 2,179,775 1,145,685 1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999 375,935 214,805 161,130 1,655,070 938,755 716,310
$70,000 to $79,999 286,025 164,240 121,790 1,271,850 745,830 526,015
$80,000 to $89,999 189,350 113,715 75,635 966,885 579,290 387,590
$90,000 to $99,999 122,750 80,090 42,660 749,290 452,240 297,050
$100,000 and over 348,620 246,360 102,255 2,266,600 1,603,400 663,195
$100,000 to $149,999 236,515 164,145 72,370 1,493,570 1,024,210 469,365
$150,000 and over 112,105 82,215 29,885 773,025 579,190 193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32 6,634,295 3,260,150 3,374,140 28,642,980 13,990,620 14,652,360
Without after-tax income 215,120 99,375 115,750 1,143,795 541,620 602,175
With after-tax income 6,419,175 3,160,780 3,258,395 27,499,185 13,449,010 14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income 96.8 97.0 96.6 96.0 96.1 95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss) 822,725 359,045 463,675 4,004,475 1,706,825 2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999 1,246,480 505,165 741,315 4,905,055 1,972,920 2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999 1,192,885 541,080 651,810 4,489,925 1,926,175 2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999 1,096,510 553,200 543,315 3,924,960 1,870,705 2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999 793,150 425,040 368,115 3,144,200 1,619,670 1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999 498,475 283,130 215,345 2,209,280 1,245,570 963,705
$60,000 to $69,999 309,415 180,470 128,945 1,540,300 912,230 628,065
$70,000 to $79,999 167,895 108,500 59,395 1,076,180 654,570 421,610
$80,000 and over 291,635 205,155 86,485 2,204,820 1,540,335 664,485
$80,000 to $89,999 95,010 64,670 30,335 688,705 444,550 244,145
$90,000 to $99,999 55,980 39,080 16,905 420,975 291,090 129,885
$100,000 and over 140,645 101,405 39,240 1,095,140 804,690 290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33 6,634,295 3,260,155 3,374,145 28,642,980 13,990,625 14,652,360
Without employment income 2,006,505 851,730 1,154,775 8,214,295 3,442,860 4,771,430
With employment income 4,627,790 2,408,420 2,219,375 20,428,690 10,547,760 9,880,925
Percentage with employment income 69.8 73.9 65.8 71.3 75.4 67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss) 606,300 311,780 294,520 2,778,990 1,357,430 1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999 367,030 162,150 204,885 1,602,140 697,025 905,120
$10,000 to $19,999 681,920 305,995 375,920 2,736,010 1,212,855 1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999 586,140 269,950 316,195 2,293,785 1,022,090 1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999 565,425 277,135 288,285 2,149,860 1,001,065 1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999 476,665 247,105 229,560 1,928,565 946,625 981,940
$50,000 to $59,999 359,180 203,580 155,600 1,554,100 839,045 715,055
$60,000 to $69,999 266,650 156,255 110,395 1,220,310 708,270 512,040
$70,000 to $79,999 224,040 129,890 94,150 992,170 591,945 400,225
$80,000 and over 494,440 344,585 149,855 3,172,770 2,171,415 1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999 139,830 90,295 49,540 773,755 475,700 298,055
$90,000 to $99,999 93,860 64,160 29,700 623,980 382,330 241,650
$100,000 and over 260,745 190,125 70,620 1,775,030 1,313,385 461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34 3,531,665 ... ... 14,072,080 ... ...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($) 59,822 ... ... 70,336 ... ...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($) 52,207 ... ... 61,348 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data 1,175,230 ... ... 3,969,790 ... ...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 31,574 ... ... 35,174 ... ...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 28,469 ... ... 31,446 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data 2,356,430 ... ... 10,102,290 ... ...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 78,645 ... ... 88,249 ... ...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 67,665 ... ... 76,419 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35 3,531,665 ... ... 14,072,075 ... ...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($) 77,306 ... ... 92,764 ... ...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($) 63,404 ... ... 76,171 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data 1,174,695 ... ... 3,967,765 ... ...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 40,042 ... ... 46,799 ... ...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 33,262 ... ... 38,685 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data 2,356,970 ... ... 10,104,315 ... ...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 95,878 ... ... 110,813 ... ...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 78,426 ... ... 90,890 ... ...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36 3,531,665 ... ... 14,072,075 ... ...
Under $5,000 47,170 ... ... 228,790 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 56,315 ... ... 200,315 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 119,570 ... ... 374,575 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 180,865 ... ... 565,940 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 179,690 ... ... 602,800 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 154,150 ... ... 538,710 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 185,000 ... ... 603,480 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 184,435 ... ... 606,600 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 179,855 ... ... 596,110 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 170,445 ... ... 578,325 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 313,600 ... ... 1,097,345 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 273,620 ... ... 1,010,415 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 241,940 ... ... 924,320 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 208,620 ... ... 836,765 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 176,355 ... ... 745,655 ... ...
$100,000 and over 860,030 ... ... 4,561,920 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 327,435 ... ... 1,470,255 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 204,105 ... ... 1,016,245 ... ...
$150,000 to $199,999 192,155 ... ... 1,116,140 ... ...
$200,000 and over 136,335 ... ... 959,285 ... ...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32 3,531,660 ... ... 14,072,075 ... ...
Under $5,000 50,445 ... ... 243,780 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 57,335 ... ... 203,865 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 120,860 ... ... 380,680 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 190,300 ... ... 591,660 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 202,905 ... ... 673,740 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 187,365 ... ... 628,225 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 231,765 ... ... 719,825 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 225,695 ... ... 725,675 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 211,990 ... ... 711,180 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 202,760 ... ... 691,695 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 363,775 ... ... 1,299,680 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 309,825 ... ... 1,169,515 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 256,150 ... ... 1,041,635 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 208,765 ... ... 900,055 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 166,295 ... ... 757,295 ... ...
$100,000 and over 545,440 ... ... 3,333,575 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 269,170 ... ... 1,371,945 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 130,225 ... ... 809,540 ... ...
$150,000 and over 146,045 ... ... 1,152,090 ... ...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37 2,261,890 ... ... 9,688,845 ... ...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($) 79,378 ... ... 88,306 ... ...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($) 68,152 ... ... 76,372 ... ...
Average family size of economic families 2.9 ... ... 3.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data 930,195 ... ... 3,706,220 ... ...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 70,075 ... ... 78,976 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 60,224 ... ... 68,309 ... ...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data 911,980 ... ... 4,222,140 ... ...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 105,246 ... ... 113,465 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 88,844 ... ... 96,608 ... ...
Average family size of couple economic families with children 3.9 ... ... 4.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data 364,085 ... ... 1,481,410 ... ...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 52,708 ... ... 53,193 ... ...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 47,805 ... ... 48,856 ... ...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families 2.6 ... ... 2.7 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38 2,262,045 ... ... 9,689,855 ... ...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($) 96,863 ... ... 111,235 ... ...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($) 79,060 ... ... 91,040 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data 929,645 ... ... 3,706,400 ... ...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 86,304 ... ... 101,086 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 70,167 ... ... 82,296 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data 912,560 ... ... 4,225,855 ... ...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 122,835 ... ... 137,094 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 99,279 ... ... 111,307 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data 363,610 ... ... 1,477,190 ... ...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 61,753 ... ... 65,549 ... ...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 53,052 ... ... 56,687 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21 1,433,210 711,180 722,030 5,313,545 2,608,845 2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39 29,195 31,526 27,210 31,890 34,483 29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39 26,706 28,214 25,434 28,959 30,746 27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40 1,430,625 708,225 722,405 5,299,050 2,596,985 2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41 37,684 39,840 35,571 42,939 46,085 39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41 31,513 32,729 30,321 35,801 37,724 33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42 7,965,455 3,941,475 4,023,970 34,460,065 16,971,550 17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution 4,577,885 2,216,770 2,361,115 17,229,835 8,256,970 8,972,865
In the bottom decile 747,785 368,385 379,395 3,445,950 1,672,900 1,773,050
In the second decile 898,605 408,705 489,900 3,445,660 1,564,965 1,880,700
In the third decile 997,185 481,975 515,210 3,446,165 1,641,930 1,804,235
In the fourth decile 996,230 490,275 505,960 3,445,850 1,677,120 1,768,730
In the fifth decile 938,080 467,425 470,655 3,446,210 1,700,060 1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution 3,387,565 1,724,710 1,662,855 17,230,230 8,714,580 8,515,650
In the sixth decile 881,640 444,865 436,775 3,445,695 1,716,510 1,729,185
In the seventh decile 806,685 409,470 397,220 3,446,470 1,730,975 1,715,500
In the eighth decile 700,450 357,000 343,455 3,445,940 1,741,640 1,704,300
In the ninth decile 557,160 286,195 270,960 3,446,045 1,751,850 1,694,195
In the top decile 441,630 227,185 214,445 3,446,080 1,773,600 1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43 7,921,505 3,919,560 4,001,945 33,968,295 16,724,265 17,244,035
0 to 17 years 1,564,410 800,455 763,960 6,836,380 3,504,250 3,332,125
0 to 5 years 532,410 272,790 259,625 2,228,770 1,142,505 1,086,270
18 to 64 years 5,021,875 2,498,900 2,522,980 21,695,090 10,690,090 11,005,005
65 years and over 1,335,220 620,210 715,010 5,436,830 2,529,930 2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) 1,160,190 542,405 617,785 4,809,940 2,243,200 2,566,740
0 to 17 years 222,955 114,410 108,540 1,163,830 597,570 566,255
0 to 5 years 75,270 38,595 36,670 396,095 203,055 193,030
18 to 64 years 688,130 334,825 353,305 2,855,290 1,341,590 1,513,700
65 years and over 249,110 93,170 155,930 790,825 304,040 486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%) 14.6 13.8 15.4 14.2 13.4 14.9
0 to 17 years (%) 14.3 14.3 14.2 17.0 17.1 17.0
0 to 5 years (%) 14.1 14.1 14.1 17.8 17.8 17.8
18 to 64 years (%) 13.7 13.4 14.0 13.2 12.5 13.8
65 years and over (%) 18.7 15.0 21.8 14.5 12.0 16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) 731,340 358,085 373,260 3,128,995 1,519,370 1,609,630
0 to 17 years 129,325 66,400 62,925 696,025 357,255 338,770
0 to 5 years 44,375 22,705 21,675 236,435 121,170 115,260
18 to 64 years 514,540 261,485 253,060 2,157,745 1,057,585 1,100,160
65 years and over 87,475 30,205 57,270 275,225 104,525 170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%) 9.2 9.1 9.3 9.2 9.1 9.3
0 to 17 years (%) 8.3 8.3 8.2 10.2 10.2 10.2
0 to 5 years (%) 8.3 8.3 8.3 10.6 10.6 10.6
18 to 64 years (%) 10.2 10.5 10.0 9.9 9.9 10.0
65 years and over (%) 6.6 4.9 8.0 5.1 4.1 5.9
Knowledge of languagesThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44 7,965,450 3,941,440 4,024,015 34,460,065 16,971,575 17,488,485
Official languages 7,891,110 3,911,220 3,979,890 33,818,210 16,709,290 17,108,920
English 3,930,690 2,058,470 1,872,225 29,748,265 14,806,270 14,941,995
French 7,522,350 3,725,145 3,797,200 10,242,945 4,952,455 5,290,495
Non-official languages 1,610,980 776,265 834,720 9,369,280 4,488,185 4,881,090
Aboriginal languages 50,890 25,190 25,700 263,845 127,550 136,295
Algonquian languages 37,515 18,545 18,965 177,570 85,505 92,065
Blackfoot 0 0 0 5,645 2,695 2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages 34,415 17,050 17,370 116,585 56,515 60,070
Atikamekw 6,640 3,335 3,305 6,640 3,335 3,305
Montagnais (Innu) 9,850 4,735 5,115 11,440 5,500 5,945
Moose Cree 0 10 0 195 80 115
Naskapi 775 385 385 1,465 710 755
Northern East Cree 260 130 130 545 225 320
Plains Cree 10 0 0 5,905 2,705 3,200
Southern East Cree 35 25 10 40 30 10
Swampy Cree 15 0 10 2,345 995 1,350
Woods Cree 10 10 0 2,665 1,230 1,435
Cree, n.o.s. 17,175 8,600 8,575 86,115 42,080 44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages 885 460 420 9,765 4,710 5,050
Malecite 10 0 0 755 370 390
Mi'kmaq 880 460 425 9,025 4,350 4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 2,340 1,105 1,235 46,685 22,100 24,585
Algonquin 2,240 1,055 1,185 2,480 1,165 1,315
Ojibway 105 50 50 28,585 13,365 15,220
Oji-Cree 10 0 0 15,610 7,575 8,030
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 205 105 105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 35 20 10 120 60 60
Athabaskan languages 20 10 10 23,655 11,340 12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages 20 15 10 23,570 11,300 12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 210 105 100
Beaver 0 0 0 340 180 165
Carrier 0 0 0 2,105 955 1,145
Chilcotin 0 0 0 1,150 535 610
Dene 10 0 10 13,060 6,270 6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 10 2,375 1,210 1,165
Gwich'in 0 0 0 360 165 200
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 150 60 90
Sekani 0 0 0 185 85 100
Slavey-Hare languages 10 0 0 2,815 1,340 1,475
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 1,010 475 530
South Slavey 10 10 0 1,365 660 710
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 10 0 680 320 360
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 630 340 285
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 365 205 170
Tahltan 0 0 0 270 140 130
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 420 160 260
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 285 115 170
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 145 50 95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 85 35 50
Haida 0 0 0 465 205 260
Inuit languages 12,595 6,270 6,330 42,980 21,355 21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 1,975 895 1,080
Inuktitut 12,485 6,210 6,270 40,620 20,280 20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 115 60 60 470 225 240
Iroquoian languages 740 360 375 2,800 1,240 1,555
Cayuga 0 0 0 125 40 85
Mohawk 690 350 335 2,415 1,120 1,295
Oneida 0 0 0 180 60 125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 50 15 35 115 45 75
Kutenai 0 0 0 175 95 80
Michif 30 15 10 1,210 585 625
Salish languages 0 0 0 5,750 2,730 3,015
Comox 0 0 0 185 75 110
Halkomelem 0 0 0 1,060 475 585
Lillooet 0 0 0 790 405 385
Okanagan 0 0 0 820 370 450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 1,305 640 665
Squamish 0 0 0 285 125 155
Straits 0 0 0 360 160 200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 450 220 235
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 565 295 270
Siouan languages 0 0 0 5,430 2,665 2,770
Dakota 10 0 0 1,760 870 890
Stoney 0 0 0 3,675 1,805 1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 140 70 70
Tlingit 0 0 0 260 140 120
Tsimshian languages 0 0 10 2,730 1,350 1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 1,305 645 660
Nisga'a 0 0 0 1,060 545 515
Tsimshian 0 0 0 410 180 235
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 1,490 680 805
Haisla 0 0 0 175 65 110
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 125 50 75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 605 285 320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 565 265 300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 30 20 10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 90 40 55 665 310 360
Non-Aboriginal languages 1,560,375 751,215 809,160 9,107,075 4,361,420 4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages 301,035 157,545 143,490 837,355 432,560 404,795
Berber languages 27,595 14,650 12,945 29,460 15,745 13,715
Kabyle 16,170 8,580 7,590 17,120 9,100 8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e. 11,580 6,150 5,425 12,505 6,735 5,775
Cushitic languages 1,550 745 805 57,125 26,870 30,250
Bilen 35 20 10 1,085 625 470
Oromo 45 30 10 6,245 3,070 3,175
Somali 1,460 680 780 49,665 23,070 26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 10 10 0 480 220 265
Semitic languages 286,625 149,970 136,660 771,130 400,780 370,350
Amharic 1,145 540 600 33,670 16,675 16,995
Arabic 267,965 140,280 127,685 629,055 329,235 299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 195 95 95 19,745 9,720 10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 10 0 0 7,115 3,505 3,610
Harari 0 0 0 1,710 855 860
Hebrew 18,035 9,490 8,540 75,020 38,730 36,290
Maltese 40 10 25 7,625 3,760 3,870
Tigrigna 420 195 225 21,340 10,640 10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 180 85 95 3,220 1,655 1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 810 430 380 2,775 1,440 1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages 46,050 21,955 24,095 224,865 105,845 119,020
Khmer (Cambodian) 11,840 5,620 6,220 27,035 12,640 14,400
Vietnamese 34,580 16,520 18,060 198,895 93,735 105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 40 25 15 190 70 120
Austronesian languages 31,230 11,820 19,410 656,200 273,075 383,125
Bikol 105 45 60 2,075 885 1,190
Cebuano 1,105 360 750 27,045 10,960 16,085
Fijian 15 0 10 1,660 955 705
Hiligaynon 540 195 350 7,925 3,200 4,720
Ilocano 2,500 890 1,610 34,530 13,805 20,730
Malagasy 1,980 940 1,040 2,335 1,120 1,220
Malay 1,210 525 690 22,470 10,370 12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 195 95 100 5,425 2,445 2,980
Pangasinan 60 20 40 1,800 790 1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 26,705 9,785 16,915 612,735 253,210 359,530
Waray-Waray 55 10 45 1,395 530 860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 540 270 275 5,585 2,540 3,040
Creole languages 115,445 51,970 63,475 155,615 70,545 85,070
Haitian Creole 4,910 2,285 2,620 6,850 3,140 3,710
Creole, n.o.s. 108,315 48,615 59,705 133,045 59,890 73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e. 2,835 1,390 1,445 16,635 7,955 8,675
Dravidian languages 18,710 9,495 9,210 250,180 126,220 123,960
Kannada 415 210 205 8,245 4,180 4,065
Malayalam 510 285 220 37,810 19,410 18,400
Tamil 17,245 8,680 8,565 189,860 94,640 95,220
Telugu 930 540 390 23,160 12,770 10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 15 10 0 790 385 405
Hmong-Mien languages 35 15 25 870 435 435
Indo-European languages 912,945 435,785 477,155 5,158,010 2,506,455 2,651,555
Albanian 3,375 1,730 1,645 31,930 16,140 15,790
Armenian 20,290 9,790 10,500 41,295 19,980 21,315
Balto-Slavic languages 88,425 41,725 46,700 817,315 384,960 432,350
Baltic languages 1,080 500 585 14,675 6,470 8,205
Latvian 335 150 185 6,500 2,960 3,540
Lithuanian 755 350 410 8,185 3,510 4,675
Slavic languages 87,520 41,315 46,205 805,915 379,965 425,945
Belarusan 365 150 215 2,265 1,070 1,195
Bosnian 1,975 990 985 18,265 9,055 9,215
Bulgarian 7,345 3,595 3,750 22,425 10,920 11,505
Croatian 3,580 1,760 1,820 69,840 34,515 35,325
Czech 2,070 975 1,095 28,720 13,675 15,050
Macedonian 285 140 145 23,075 11,190 11,880
Polish 17,760 8,090 9,665 214,965 99,365 115,600
Russian 46,665 22,265 24,400 269,645 127,055 142,595
Serbian 4,050 1,980 2,070 73,775 37,040 36,740
Serbo-Croatian 2,385 1,140 1,245 11,275 5,525 5,750
Slovak 1,520 705 820 21,470 10,215 11,255
Slovene (Slovenian) 970 490 480 11,495 5,205 6,290
Ukrainian 9,015 3,885 5,135 132,115 58,820 73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 150 75 75 3,000 1,590 1,405
Celtic languages 495 305 195 9,165 4,705 4,455
Scottish Gaelic 155 95 65 3,980 2,010 1,975
Welsh 85 45 40 1,690 830 860
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 265 175 95 3,590 1,915 1,680
Germanic languages 63,370 31,835 31,530 695,535 337,215 358,320
Afrikaans 415 260 150 23,410 11,795 11,610
Danish 835 410 420 15,745 7,320 8,425
Dutch 5,060 2,665 2,395 120,865 57,885 62,990
Frisian 15 10 0 2,910 1,515 1,395
German 43,475 21,950 21,530 502,730 245,745 256,985
Icelandic 140 80 60 1,780 830 945
Norwegian 510 255 255 8,120 3,860 4,260
Swedish 1,580 785 795 14,140 6,510 7,635
Vlaams (Flemish) 760 265 495 4,400 1,945 2,455
Yiddish 12,375 6,225 6,155 20,985 10,435 10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 270 125 140 8,710 4,425 4,285
Greek 51,060 25,520 25,540 150,965 75,510 75,455
Indo-Iranian languages 93,655 48,040 45,615 1,658,220 840,850 817,365
Indo-Aryan languages 59,570 30,870 28,700 1,387,805 704,370 683,435
Bengali 12,870 6,610 6,260 91,220 46,935 44,285
Gujarati 7,950 3,860 4,090 149,045 74,765 74,285
Hindi 15,570 8,285 7,280 433,365 221,665 211,700
Kashmiri 45 35 15 905 490 420
Konkani 150 70 75 6,790 3,185 3,605
Marathi 475 240 230 15,570 8,200 7,365
Nepali 1,445 725 720 21,380 10,915 10,470
Oriya (Odia) 55 35 20 1,535 755 775
Punjabi (Panjabi) 17,860 9,690 8,165 668,240 341,450 326,790
Sindhi 500 240 255 20,260 9,310 10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 1,335 625 710 27,825 13,970 13,855
Urdu 16,545 8,655 7,890 322,220 164,685 157,535
Iranian languages 35,420 17,830 17,585 281,715 142,030 139,680
Kurdish 1,255 665 590 15,290 8,290 7,000
Pashto 1,825 1,005 825 23,180 12,465 10,715
Persian (Farsi) 32,965 16,560 16,405 252,320 126,565 125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 845 425 420 8,875 4,715 4,155
Italic (Romance) languages 627,545 293,620 333,920 1,897,630 898,530 999,100
Catalan 890 525 365 2,035 1,145 890
Italian 173,710 84,430 89,275 574,725 278,500 296,225
Portuguese 55,100 27,620 27,475 295,955 144,465 151,485
Romanian 42,655 20,550 22,110 115,050 55,275 59,770
Spanish 390,355 177,610 212,745 995,255 460,250 535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 490 345 145 2,680 1,610 1,075
Japanese 7,040 3,340 3,695 83,090 36,760 46,335
Kartvelian languages 220 110 110 2,150 1,075 1,075
Georgian 215 105 110 2,150 1,080 1,070
Korean 6,260 2,825 3,430 172,755 80,170 92,590
Mongolic languages 270 135 130 2,090 960 1,130
Mongolian 265 135 130 2,090 960 1,130
Niger-Congo languages 52,840 26,665 26,175 177,215 88,135 89,080
Akan (Twi) 1,800 945 855 22,145 10,810 11,340
Bamanankan 2,385 1,240 1,145 3,190 1,660 1,530
Edo 190 95 95 3,220 1,510 1,705
Ewe 1,410 865 545 3,000 1,685 1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 3,400 1,785 1,620 4,725 2,460 2,260
Ga 315 155 160 2,250 1,140 1,110
Ganda 90 40 55 2,495 1,175 1,320
Igbo 275 190 90 8,850 4,710 4,140
Lingala 9,630 4,430 5,200 17,010 7,865 9,145
Rundi (Kirundi) 4,490 2,210 2,285 8,590 4,075 4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 3,535 1,640 1,895 7,860 3,600 4,260
Shona 150 75 80 5,425 2,530 2,905
Swahili 8,015 4,080 3,935 38,680 19,565 19,115
Wolof 6,555 3,545 3,015 8,240 4,455 3,785
Yoruba 885 485 395 22,420 11,475 10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 17,720 9,125 8,595 40,760 20,375 20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages 695 345 350 7,015 3,520 3,495
Dinka 0 0 0 2,475 1,280 1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 695 345 350 4,555 2,240 2,315
Sign languages 7,775 3,095 4,675 48,115 18,985 29,130
American Sign Language 675 245 435 21,930 7,780 14,155
Quebec Sign Language 4,405 1,590 2,815 4,665 1,665 3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e. 2,960 1,350 1,605 22,275 9,835 12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages 90,460 42,695 47,770 1,430,440 672,100 758,340
Chinese languages 90,060 42,480 47,580 1,413,110 663,465 749,640
Cantonese 31,885 14,900 16,980 699,125 325,840 373,285
Hakka 545 240 310 12,445 5,555 6,890
Mandarin 59,240 27,560 31,685 814,450 377,635 436,815
Min Dong 15 10 10 1,045 440 600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 4,215 1,860 2,350 42,840 19,005 23,835
Wu (Shanghainese) 1,230 535 690 16,530 7,490 9,040
Chinese, n.o.s. 4,800 2,380 2,425 41,690 19,995 21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 90 40 55 590 250 340
Tibeto-Burman languages 430 235 195 18,270 9,100 9,175
Burmese 140 75 60 4,995 2,490 2,500
Karenic languages 105 55 45 4,895 2,425 2,475
Tibetan 65 50 10 7,050 3,555 3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 140 65 80 2,375 1,160 1,220
Tai-Kadai languages 7,280 3,400 3,880 30,400 13,210 17,195
Lao 5,785 2,850 2,935 17,235 8,240 8,990
Thai 2,255 875 1,375 15,390 5,875 9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 15 10 10 115 50 65
Turkic languages 12,475 6,265 6,210 60,530 31,585 28,945
Azerbaijani 510 275 235 5,450 2,885 2,565
Turkish 11,415 5,755 5,665 50,775 26,605 24,165
Uyghur 230 110 120 1,385 685 700
Uzbek 230 105 125 2,465 1,230 1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 235 115 120 1,870 905 965
Uralic languages 7,870 3,710 4,160 94,810 44,270 50,545
Estonian 150 55 95 6,070 2,750 3,315
Finnish 500 195 305 17,595 7,540 10,050
Hungarian 7,215 3,450 3,765 71,285 34,005 37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 25 10 10
Other languages, n.i.e. 2,140 1,170 970 9,730 5,375 4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45 7,965,450 3,941,440 4,024,015 34,460,065 16,971,580 17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46 7,585,545 3,753,190 3,832,350 32,034,590 15,799,495 16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18 1,521,230 779,620 741,610 6,652,795 3,412,785 3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 6,064,310 2,973,575 3,090,740 25,381,795 12,386,710 12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47 379,910 188,245 191,665 2,425,480 1,172,085 1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48 7,965,450 3,941,440 4,024,015 34,460,065 16,971,575 17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49 6,788,085 3,365,345 3,422,735 26,412,610 13,124,325 13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50 1,091,310 530,325 560,980 7,540,830 3,586,495 3,954,330
Before 1981 238,655 117,080 121,575 1,941,510 927,795 1,013,715
1981 to 1990 127,340 63,150 64,190 915,555 439,245 476,310
1991 to 2000 187,860 89,210 98,650 1,486,655 696,720 789,940
2001 to 2010 322,280 155,785 166,495 1,985,035 940,570 1,044,465
2001 to 2005 140,170 67,835 72,335 928,935 439,890 489,050
2006 to 2010 182,115 87,945 94,165 1,056,095 500,680 555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51 215,170 105,105 110,065 1,212,075 582,175 629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52 86,065 45,765 40,295 506,625 260,755 245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53 1,091,305 530,325 560,980 7,540,830 3,586,500 3,954,335
Under 5 years 112,930 54,600 58,330 731,340 364,165 367,175
5 to 14 years 174,020 87,165 86,855 1,311,810 665,870 645,945
15 to 24 years 215,350 98,880 116,475 1,604,430 724,430 880,005
25 to 44 years 515,770 256,095 259,675 3,198,920 1,513,970 1,684,950
45 years and over 73,230 33,590 39,640 694,320 318,060 376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54 1,091,305 530,330 560,980 7,540,830 3,586,495 3,954,330
Americas 247,505 113,190 134,315 1,128,745 510,650 618,100
Brazil 7,345 3,515 3,830 29,320 13,235 16,080
Colombia 25,580 11,645 13,935 70,035 32,065 37,965
El Salvador 11,120 5,500 5,615 48,080 23,865 24,215
Guyana 2,490 1,085 1,410 87,685 38,940 48,745
Haiti 80,965 35,375 45,585 93,480 40,955 52,525
Jamaica 4,665 2,040 2,625 138,345 59,960 78,390
Mexico 15,820 7,090 8,730 80,585 37,530 43,055
Peru 13,265 5,945 7,325 29,615 12,950 16,665
Trinidad and Tobago 4,075 1,840 2,240 65,040 29,325 35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55 25,955 12,800 13,155 253,715 113,505 140,215
Other places of birth in Americas 56,235 26,370 29,870 232,850 108,325 124,530
Europe 311,090 154,910 156,185 2,088,410 1,015,145 1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina 3,785 1,890 1,895 36,135 18,050 18,085
Croatia 2,140 1,085 1,050 40,045 20,005 20,035
France 81,225 43,490 37,735 105,565 55,395 50,170
Germany 9,750 4,365 5,390 145,845 69,525 76,320
Greece 18,420 9,135 9,285 62,715 31,580 31,135
Hungary 3,325 1,620 1,700 36,820 17,945 18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56 820 485 330 28,325 14,355 13,970
Italy 51,025 25,370 25,655 236,640 118,595 118,040
Netherlands 1,990 1,035 955 88,475 45,185 43,295
Poland 10,735 4,675 6,060 146,465 66,450 80,020
Portugal 18,985 9,185 9,800 139,450 68,150 71,300
Romania 28,695 13,695 15,005 90,305 42,795 47,510
Russian Federation 11,355 4,975 6,375 78,685 34,265 44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57 1,790 830 960 33,320 16,325 17,000
Ukraine 8,670 3,800 4,870 73,030 33,360 39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58 12,905 6,645 6,260 499,115 243,225 255,890
Other places of birth in Europe 45,500 22,630 22,870 247,470 119,945 127,530
Africa 241,410 125,250 116,165 637,485 322,510 314,970
Algeria 59,465 31,180 28,280 64,620 33,920 30,705
Egypt 19,490 10,290 9,200 64,615 34,125 30,495
Ethiopia 995 495 495 32,790 15,980 16,810
Kenya 785 355 430 27,150 12,810 14,340
Morocco 60,700 31,435 29,270 69,655 36,120 33,535
Nigeria 1,340 740 600 42,430 21,830 20,600
Somalia 580 270 310 27,230 12,070 15,160
South Africa, Republic of 865 475 385 44,660 22,205 22,460
Other places of birth in Africa 97,200 50,005 47,190 264,320 133,450 130,870
Asia 289,825 136,175 153,655 3,629,160 1,709,985 1,919,175
Afghanistan 7,280 3,640 3,640 51,955 26,030 25,930
Bangladesh 7,940 3,990 3,950 58,735 29,875 28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59 49,555 19,905 29,655 649,260 290,800 358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60 4,730 2,290 2,435 208,940 98,020 110,915
India 17,865 9,195 8,670 668,565 334,030 334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61 17,760 8,880 8,885 154,425 77,970 76,455
Iraq 3,735 1,960 1,775 68,485 34,785 33,705
Japan 1,725 395 1,330 27,240 7,955 19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62 4,230 1,995 2,230 123,305 57,170 66,140
Lebanon 39,135 20,800 18,340 88,745 47,295 41,450
Pakistan 10,010 5,260 4,750 202,260 103,225 99,035
Philippines 24,410 9,040 15,370 588,305 247,095 341,210
Sri Lanka 10,715 5,335 5,380 131,995 64,825 67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63 17,775 8,800 8,980 52,960 26,595 26,365
Taiwan 2,735 1,100 1,635 63,770 28,170 35,605
Viet Nam 25,440 11,765 13,675 169,250 78,000 91,250
Other places of birth in Asia 44,795 21,840 22,950 320,965 158,150 162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64 1,480 805 670 57,030 28,210 28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54 215,170 105,105 110,065 1,212,075 582,180 629,895
Americas 47,710 22,625 25,085 152,595 72,870 79,720
Brazil 3,010 1,495 1,520 8,500 4,000 4,490
Colombia 7,540 3,465 4,075 15,300 6,885 8,415
Cuba 2,565 1,260 1,315 5,370 2,545 2,820
Haiti 16,880 7,690 9,190 19,985 9,160 10,830
Jamaica 190 140 55 12,495 6,680 5,820
Mexico 4,210 1,955 2,255 18,660 9,090 9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55 3,990 2,265 1,720 33,060 16,480 16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65 1,955 935 1,020 6,425 2,990 3,435
Other places of birth in Americas 7,365 3,425 3,935 32,790 15,040 17,750
Europe 39,320 20,085 19,235 140,030 70,995 69,035
France 20,030 10,855 9,175 24,150 13,000 11,150
Germany 580 250 330 6,300 3,255 3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56 135 105 35 5,660 3,540 2,120