Data tables, 2016 Census

First Official Language Spoken (7), Language Spoken Most Often at Home (269), Age (15A) and Sex (3) for the Population Excluding Institutional Residents of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 100% Data The letter C inside a yellow triangle - correction

Data table

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This table details first official language spoken , language spoken most often at home , age and sex for the population excluding institutional residents in Canada
Data quality
Language spoken most often at home (269) First official language spoken (7)
Total - First official language spoken English French English and French Neither English nor French Official language minority (number)Footnote 1 Official language minority (percentage)Footnote 2
Total - Language spoken most often at homeFootnote 3 34,767,250 26,007,500 7,705,755 417,485 636,510 7,914,495 22.8
Single responses 33,103,865 24,677,820 7,469,425 320,105 636,515 7,629,475 23.0
Official languages 29,106,670 21,817,195 7,289,475 0 0 7,289,475 25.0
English 22,162,870 21,747,580 415,285 0 0 415,290 1.9
French 6,943,800 69,610 6,874,190 0 0 6,874,190 99.0
Non-official languages 3,997,195 2,860,630 179,950 320,100 636,515 340,000 8.5
Aboriginal languages 118,470 92,395 11,890 6,830 7,350 15,305 12.9
Algonquian languages 75,085 56,340 11,415 4,340 2,985 13,590 18.1
Blackfoot 1,115 1,100 5 0 5 5 0.4
Cree-Montagnais languages 55,820 38,055 11,200 4,145 2,425 13,270 23.8
Atikamekw 5,465 5 4,790 220 455 4,900 89.7
Montagnais (Innu) 8,585 1,230 6,255 660 445 6,580 76.6
Moose Cree 10 10 0 5 0 0 0.0
Naskapi 1,200 955 20 130 95 85 7.1
Northern East Cree 115 80 0 30 5 15 13.0
Plains Cree 1,345 1,325 0 5 20 5 0.4
Southern East Cree 20 10 0 5 0 5 25.0
Swampy Cree 335 320 0 5 10 5 1.5
Woods Cree 800 780 0 0 20 0 0.0
Cree, n.o.s. 37,950 33,350 135 3,080 1,385 1,675 4.4
Eastern Algonquian languages 3,620 3,515 10 75 20 45 1.2
Malecite 55 55 0 0 0 0 0.0
Mi'kmaq 3,560 3,455 10 75 20 50 1.4
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 14,525 13,660 205 120 535 265 1.8
Algonquin 370 90 175 85 20 215 58.1
Ojibway 6,175 5,910 10 25 225 30 0.5
Oji-Cree 7,900 7,585 25 5 285 20 0.3
Ottawa (Odawa) 75 70 0 0 5 0 0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 10 10 0 0 0 0 0.0
Athabaskan languages 10,260 9,900 10 30 330 20 0.2
Northern Athabaskan languages 10,250 9,890 10 25 330 20 0.2
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 15 15 0 0 0 0 0.0
Beaver 50 50 0 0 0 0 0.0
Carrier 245 245 0 5 5 5 2.0
Chilcotin 255 245 0 0 10 0 0.0
Dene 7,710 7,475 5 15 215 10 0.1
Dogrib (Tlicho) 1,020 965 0 5 55 0 0.0
Gwich'in 45 45 0 0 5 0 0.0
Sarsi (Sarcee) 10 5 0 5 0 0 0.0
Sekani 15 15 0 0 0 0 0.0
Slavey-Hare languages 820 760 5 5 50 5 0.6
North Slavey (Hare) 340 315 0 5 20 5 1.5
South Slavey 370 350 5 0 20 0 0.0
Slavey, n.o.s. 105 95 0 0 10 0 0.0
Tahltan languages 25 30 0 0 0 0 0.0
Kaska (Nahani) 20 20 0 0 0 0 0.0
Tahltan 5 0 0 0 0 0 0.0
Tutchone languages 35 35 0 0 0 5 14.3
Northern Tutchone 30 25 0 0 0 0 0.0
Southern Tutchone 5 5 0 0 0 0 0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 15 10 0 0 0 0 0.0
Haida 15 10 0 0 0 0 0.0
Inuit languages 29,490 22,660 425 2,430 3,980 1,635 5.5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 170 150 0 0 15 5 2.9
Inuktitut 29,235 22,435 415 2,420 3,965 1,625 5.6
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 95 75 5 10 5 10 10.5
Iroquoian languages 290 250 25 10 5 25 8.6
Cayuga 5 5 0 0 0 0 0.0
Mohawk 255 220 20 10 5 25 9.8
Oneida 15 20 0 0 0 0 0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 5 5 0 0 0 0 0.0
Kutenai 15 10 0 0 5 0 0.0
Michif 80 55 10 10 10 10 12.5
Salish languages 285 275 0 10 0 0 0.0
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0 not applicable ...
Halkomelem 50 45 0 0 0 0 0.0
Lillooet 30 30 0 0 0 0 0.0
Okanagan 80 80 0 0 5 0 0.0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 55 50 0 0 0 0 0.0
Squamish 5 5 0 0 0 0 0.0
Straits 20 20 0 0 0 0 0.0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 25 25 0 0 0 0 0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 25 20 0 5 0 0 0.0
Siouan languages 2,225 2,210 0 5 15 0 0.0
Dakota 255 255 0 0 5 0 0.0
Stoney 1,950 1,935 0 0 10 0 0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 20 20 0 0 0 0 0.0
Tlingit 0 5 0 0 0 0 not applicable ...
Tsimshian languages 410 405 0 0 5 0 0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 310 310 0 0 5 0 0.0
Nisga'a 70 70 0 0 0 0 0.0
Tsimshian 25 25 0 0 0 0 0.0
Wakashan languages 75 75 0 0 5 0 0.0
Haisla 20 20 0 0 0 0 0.0
Heiltsuk 5 5 0 0 0 0 0.0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 25 20 0 0 0 0 0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 30 30 0 0 0 0 0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 not applicable ...
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 235 205 10 5 15 15 6.4
Non-Aboriginal languages 3,878,725 2,768,230 168,060 313,270 629,165 324,695 8.4
Afro-Asiatic languages 307,755 169,890 37,875 51,720 48,260 63,740 20.7
Berber languages 8,105 195 4,735 2,585 595 6,030 74.4
Kabyle 5,490 115 3,260 1,725 390 4,120 75.0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 2,615 80 1,475 865 200 1,910 73.0
Cushitic languages 27,100 21,785 515 1,545 3,255 1,285 4.7
Bilen 620 495 0 5 115 5 0.8
Oromo 3,410 3,020 5 35 350 20 0.6
Somali 22,890 18,170 505 1,485 2,730 1,245 5.4
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 180 95 5 20 60 15 8.3
Semitic languages 272,105 147,585 32,590 47,545 44,380 56,365 20.7
Amharic 12,785 11,570 40 400 770 240 1.9
Arabic 223,540 107,540 32,260 45,630 38,105 55,075 24.6
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 10,510 7,760 25 145 2,580 100 1.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 3,445 2,490 5 65 885 40 1.2
Harari 735 655 5 15 60 5 0.7
Hebrew 8,560 6,865 230 1,060 405 755 8.8
Maltese 1,125 1,085 0 10 30 5 0.4
Tigrigna 10,210 8,695 25 185 1,305 120 1.2
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 1,200 925 10 40 230 25 2.1
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 445 330 35 45 30 60 13.5
Austro-Asiatic languages 115,210 71,120 8,485 11,115 24,495 14,045 12.2
Khmer (Cambodian) 10,885 4,640 2,155 1,525 2,565 2,920 26.8
Vietnamese 104,245 66,425 6,320 9,585 21,915 11,110 10.7
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 85 55 10 10 10 15 17.6
Austronesian languages 239,785 232,165 315 2,680 4,625 1,660 0.7
Bikol 295 280 0 5 5 0 0.0
Cebuano 7,210 7,000 5 80 125 45 0.6
Fijian 195 180 0 0 15 0 0.0
Hiligaynon 2,205 2,115 5 40 45 20 0.9
Ilocano 9,125 8,705 0 115 300 60 0.7
Malagasy 430 10 190 215 15 300 69.8
Malay 3,625 3,290 5 90 245 50 1.4
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 1,200 1,165 0 10 20 5 0.4
Pangasinan 245 235 0 5 10 5 2.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 213,795 207,850 100 2,095 3,750 1,145 0.5
Waray-Waray 310 300 0 5 5 0 0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 1,160 1,025 15 25 95 30 2.6
Creole languages 27,860 2,365 15,390 7,980 2,125 19,385 69.6
Haitian Creole 1,280 70 705 415 90 910 71.1
Creole, n.o.s. 24,575 1,155 14,560 6,875 1,980 17,995 73.2
Creole languages, n.i.e. 2,010 1,140 130 685 50 475 23.6
Dravidian languages 122,490 104,010 625 5,345 12,505 3,300 2.7
Kannada 1,625 1,470 0 75 80 35 2.2
Malayalam 15,440 14,290 5 200 945 105 0.7
Tamil 96,955 80,480 620 4,875 10,980 3,060 3.2
Telugu 8,280 7,605 5 185 490 90 1.1
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 190 165 0 10 10 5 2.6
Hmong-Mien languages 335 265 0 10 60 10 3.0
Indo-European languages 1,911,215 1,372,660 87,475 192,555 258,525 183,755 9.6
Albanian 13,135 9,340 525 1,095 2,175 1,075 8.2
Armenian 21,505 8,745 1,175 9,070 2,515 5,715 26.6
Balto-Slavic languages 314,965 240,760 10,120 33,310 30,770 26,780 8.5
Baltic languages 3,275 2,780 10 350 130 185 5.6
Latvian 1,255 1,030 0 185 40 95 7.6
Lithuanian 2,015 1,750 5 165 90 90 4.5
Slavic languages 311,690 237,975 10,115 32,955 30,640 26,595 8.5
Belarusan 230 150 5 40 30 25 10.9
Bosnian 6,045 4,440 515 485 600 760 12.6
Bulgarian 11,985 6,025 1,220 4,055 680 3,250 27.1
Croatian 16,775 14,555 175 905 1,145 630 3.8
Czech 6,235 5,305 70 505 350 320 5.1
Macedonian 6,835 5,820 25 290 695 165 2.4
Polish 74,780 61,570 980 5,550 6,685 3,755 5.0
Russian 116,595 82,730 5,495 14,580 13,795 12,785 11.0
Serbian 31,750 25,420 565 3,055 2,715 2,095 6.6
Serbo-Croatian 3,890 2,580 390 625 290 700 18.0
Slovak 5,610 4,465 40 375 735 225 4.0
Slovene (Slovenian) 2,055 1,900 5 85 60 45 2.2
Ukrainian 28,250 22,450 625 2,375 2,800 1,815 6.4
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 670 570 10 35 55 25 3.7
Celtic languages 360 300 10 30 20 25 6.9
Scottish Gaelic 190 160 0 10 15 5 2.6
Welsh 100 85 5 10 5 5 5.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 80 60 5 5 0 10 12.5
Germanic languages 146,455 124,275 765 7,260 14,155 4,395 3.0
Afrikaans 4,785 4,575 0 145 70 75 1.6
Danish 855 775 5 55 20 35 4.1
Dutch 9,560 7,965 45 1,175 380 630 6.6
Frisian 190 175 0 5 0 5 2.6
German 120,335 104,070 630 3,925 11,705 2,595 2.2
Icelandic 265 230 5 25 5 20 7.5
Norwegian 350 305 5 30 10 20 5.7
Swedish 1,050 835 15 170 25 100 9.5
Vlaams (Flemish) 355 165 25 150 10 100 28.2
Yiddish 7,080 3,805 30 1,560 1,690 810 11.4
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 1,625 1,365 10 10 245 15 0.9
Greek 44,550 30,600 435 6,870 6,645 3,870 8.7
Indo-Iranian languages 838,755 673,720 5,450 35,370 124,210 23,135 2.8
Indo-Aryan languages 676,185 549,225 1,810 20,050 105,095 11,840 1.8
Bengali 47,345 40,140 335 3,960 2,920 2,310 4.9
Gujarati 64,150 53,050 145 1,885 9,065 1,090 1.7
Hindi 55,515 50,040 65 1,315 4,095 725 1.3
Kashmiri 140 125 0 5 10 0 0.0
Konkani 720 655 5 30 35 20 2.8
Marathi 3,780 3,465 5 125 185 65 1.7
Nepali 13,380 9,540 470 740 2,630 840 6.3
Oriya (Odia) 470 430 0 10 25 10 2.1
Punjabi (Panjabi) 349,145 266,760 400 6,780 75,200 3,785 1.1
Sindhi 4,975 4,440 15 175 350 100 2.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 7,790 7,220 5 240 325 120 1.5
Urdu 128,780 113,365 365 4,795 10,250 2,765 2.1
Iranian languages 160,195 122,640 3,580 15,205 18,765 11,185 7.0
Kurdish 6,575 4,915 155 330 1,180 315 4.8
Pashto 10,590 8,325 105 525 1,635 370 3.5
Persian (Farsi) 143,025 109,400 3,325 14,350 15,945 10,500 7.3
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 2,375 1,860 60 115 345 120 5.1
Italic (Romance) languages 531,485 284,915 68,995 99,540 78,035 118,765 22.3
Catalan 355 185 30 120 15 90 25.4
Italian 115,415 63,910 12,650 15,215 23,645 20,255 17.5
Portuguese 98,710 59,320 7,245 10,575 21,580 12,530 12.7
Romanian 53,320 20,720 7,135 21,395 4,075 17,830 33.4
Spanish 263,510 140,670 41,925 52,215 28,695 68,030 25.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 175 110 15 30 20 35 20.0
Japanese 19,780 16,480 180 710 2,415 535 2.7
Kartvelian languages 1,035 770 5 65 200 35 3.4
Georgian 1,040 770 5 65 200 35 3.4
Korean 109,705 90,345 210 2,835 16,315 1,625 1.5
Mongolic languages 905 715 35 85 75 80 8.8
Mongolian 905 715 35 85 75 75 8.3
Niger-Congo languages 28,665 16,765 5,075 4,700 2,120 7,425 25.9
Akan (Twi) 5,985 5,500 15 290 190 155 2.6
Bamanankan 340 15 200 110 15 255 75.0
Edo 410 400 0 5 10 0 0.0
Ewe 410 195 100 100 10 150 36.6
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 825 55 380 305 85 530 64.2
Ga 250 230 0 10 10 5 2.0
Ganda 340 325 5 5 5 5 1.5
Igbo 1,000 940 0 25 30 15 1.5
Lingala 1,045 70 640 290 50 780 74.6
Rundi (Kirundi) 2,110 165 840 790 315 1,235 58.5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 1,530 375 365 655 135 690 45.1
Shona 1,035 985 0 25 20 10 1.0
Swahili 5,370 2,855 930 920 670 1,385 25.8
Wolof 1,385 85 665 535 100 930 67.1
Yoruba 2,615 2,485 5 70 50 40 1.5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 4,010 2,090 945 560 410 1,225 30.5
Nilo-Saharan languages 2,650 2,280 100 55 215 130 4.9
Dinka 1,130 1,030 5 10 90 5 0.4
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 1,520 1,250 100 50 125 125 8.2
Sign languages 10,440 5,630 1,070 110 3,635 1,125 10.8
American Sign Language 3,020 2,080 30 30 885 45 1.5
Quebec Sign Language 730 10 485 40 195 505 69.2
Sign languages, n.i.e 6,695 3,545 555 40 2,555 575 8.6
Sino-Tibetan languages 924,720 642,585 7,840 27,885 246,405 21,785 2.4
Chinese languages 913,365 633,610 7,805 27,755 244,200 21,680 2.4
Cantonese 400,220 264,615 1,875 8,385 125,340 6,075 1.5
Hakka 4,080 2,860 25 75 1,120 65 1.6
Mandarin 462,890 334,680 4,975 17,465 105,775 13,705 3.0
Min Dong 345 125 0 0 225 0 0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 13,970 8,705 425 725 4,110 790 5.7
Wu (Shanghainese) 7,650 4,790 80 300 2,485 230 3.0
Chinese, n.o.s. 23,940 17,655 420 785 5,080 815 3.4
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 280 190 0 15 70 10 3.6
Tibeto-Burman languages 11,350 8,975 35 130 2,205 100 0.9
Burmese 2,245 1,895 5 20 325 15 0.7
Karenic languages 3,865 2,710 20 5 1,130 20 0.5
Tibetan 4,590 3,835 5 85 660 50 1.1
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 655 540 5 15 95 15 2.3
Tai-Kadai languages 9,565 5,795 1,190 880 1,695 1,630 17.0
Lao 6,175 3,240 1,130 770 1,030 1,520 24.6
Thai 3,360 2,535 55 110 660 115 3.4
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 30 25 5 0 5 0 0.0
Turkic languages 22,250 14,865 1,830 2,550 3,000 3,105 14.0
Azerbaijani 1,245 960 15 100 160 70 5.6
Turkish 18,955 12,390 1,750 2,250 2,560 2,875 15.2
Uyghur 605 425 25 70 85 55 9.1
Uzbek 990 750 25 80 130 65 6.6
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 455 340 10 45 55 40 8.8
Uralic languages 23,250 18,705 285 1,870 2,390 1,220 5.2
Estonian 975 790 5 140 40 70 7.2
Finnish 2,790 2,510 5 105 170 55 2.0
Hungarian 19,485 15,400 275 1,620 2,185 1,090 5.6
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 5 0 0 0 0 0 0.0
Other languages, n.i.e. 1,105 820 70 110 110 125 11.3
Multiple responses 1,663,390 1,329,675 236,325 97,380 0 285,020 17.1
English and French 160,180 32,975 72,135 55,075 0 99,675 62.2
English and non-official language 1,284,975 1,281,805 3,170 0 0 3,170 0.2
French and non-official language 148,915 2,025 146,890 0 0 146,890 98.6
English, French and non-official language 69,310 12,870 14,130 42,310 0 35,285 50.9

Symbol(s)

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not available for a specific reference period

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not applicable

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Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

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Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

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Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere
n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Data quality note(s) – Canada

  • Incomplete enumeration flag
    Excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.
  • Short-form data quality flag
    Global non-response rate (GNR), short-form census questionnaire: 4.0%.
  • Short-form income data quality flag
    Default. Data quality index showing a short-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016070.

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