Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (10), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Immigrant status and period of immigration (10)^{Footnote 1}

Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , immigrant status and period of immigration , age and sex for the population in private households in Sault Ste. Marie
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	76,675	67,285	2,515	325
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	76,670	67,285	2,520	325
0 to 14 years	11,280	10,845	120	60
0 to 4 years	3,790	3,675	25	10
5 to 9 years	3,780	3,635	35	20
10 to 14 years	3,710	3,535	60	25
15 to 64 years	49,370	44,385	1,565	205
15 to 19 years	4,100	3,945	60	20
20 to 24 years	4,740	4,470	65	30
25 to 29 years	4,445	4,185	85	10
30 to 34 years	4,365	4,105	90	25
35 to 39 years	4,125	3,850	100	20
40 to 44 years	4,260	3,865	145	10
45 to 49 years	4,730	4,145	160	35
50 to 54 years	6,050	5,260	245	15
55 to 59 years	6,730	5,695	350	20
60 to 64 years	5,820	4,870	260	10
65 years and over	16,015	12,055	830	60
65 to 69 years	5,165	4,145	225	25
70 to 74 years	3,780	2,895	235	15
75 to 79 years	3,035	2,280	165	10
80 to 84 years	2,240	1,540	120	20
85 years and over	1,790	1,190	90	0
85 to 89 years	1,300	890	70	0
90 to 94 years	415	255	20	0
95 to 99 years	70	45	10	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	43.8	41.8	55.1	40.3
Median age	46.0	42.9	57.7	38.0
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	65,390	56,440	2,395	270
Married or living common law	37,065	31,235	1,515	135
Married	30,465	25,215	1,245	110
Living common law	6,600	6,020	275	25
Not married and not living common law	28,330	25,205	875	130
Never married	17,065	16,015	325	80
Separated	2,220	1,935	135	10
Divorced	4,600	4,045	190	25
Widowed	4,440	3,210	225	20
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	65,390	56,440	2,395	270
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,145	54,335	2,340	265
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,134	41,909	41,870	27,158
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,214	33,149	32,813	22,374
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,160	54,350	2,345	270
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,919	35,714	36,181	24,879
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,351	30,223	30,819	22,110
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	55,545	47,740	1,995	245
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,733	39,938	38,695	21,544
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,107	29,844	28,129	16,209
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	48,550	41,515	1,840	235
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,340	8,923	11,345	8,748
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,541	8,129	11,972	7,877
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	44,505	39,290	1,465	190
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,799	38,514	40,717	21,744
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,970	29,060	31,463	13,977
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 5}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Footnote 6}	83.0	83.7	78.8	72.0
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 7}	64.9	66.5	60.8	56.3
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 8}	17.0	16.3	21.4	28.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	65,390	56,445	2,395	270
Without total income	2,250	2,105	55	0
With total income	63,145	54,335	2,345	270
Percentage with total income	96.6	96.3	97.9	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,640	6,725	200	35
$10,000 to $19,999	11,420	10,050	455	75
$20,000 to $29,999	9,730	8,135	410	80
$30,000 to $39,999	8,330	6,975	325	20
$40,000 to $49,999	6,685	5,675	275	25
$50,000 to $59,999	4,580	4,025	150	15
$60,000 to $69,999	3,680	3,265	120	0
$70,000 to $79,999	3,110	2,730	105	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,330	1,985	105	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,935	1,625	60	0
$100,000 and over	3,705	3,145	140	0
$100,000 to $149,999	2,965	2,530	110	0
$150,000 and over	745	620	30	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	65,390	56,440	2,395	270
Without after-tax income	2,235	2,090	50	0
With after-tax income	63,155	54,350	2,340	270
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.3	97.7	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,900	6,940	210	35
$10,000 to $19,999	11,865	10,475	455	75
$20,000 to $29,999	11,485	9,580	475	80
$30,000 to $39,999	9,555	8,050	380	30
$40,000 to $49,999	6,960	6,005	260	25
$50,000 to $59,999	5,060	4,475	175	10
$60,000 to $69,999	3,780	3,290	145	10
$70,000 to $79,999	2,845	2,400	110	0
$80,000 and over	3,710	3,135	135	0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,640	1,400	55	0
$90,000 to $99,999	870	740	40	0
$100,000 and over	1,195	990	45	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	65,390	56,445	2,395	270
Without employment income	20,890	17,150	930	75
With employment income	44,505	39,290	1,465	190
Percentage with employment income	68.1	69.6	61.2	70.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,575	7,190	290	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	3,650	3,340	80	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	5,855	5,305	200	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	4,630	4,165	150	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	3,980	3,600	135	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	3,835	3,440	135	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	2,920	2,615	85	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	2,385	2,120	85	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	2,295	2,065	65	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	6,395	5,450	245	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	1,885	1,660	80	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	1,715	1,440	55	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	2,795	2,350	110	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	65,390	56,440	2,395	265
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 13}	18,900	16,815	610	45
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	55,231	54,644	57,514	40,977
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 15}	60,911	59,955	65,910	36,414
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	76,670	67,290	2,520	325
English only	69,260	62,865	265	85
French only	35	0	30	0
English and French	7,110	4,405	2,225	240
Neither English nor French	265	20	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	76,670	67,290	2,515	325
English	73,210	66,875	1,860	245
French	630	25	570	25
Non-official language	1,740	65	0	0
Aboriginal	20	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,720	50	0	0
English and French	205	75	75	50
English and non-official language	885	240	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	76,670	67,290	2,515	325
None	71,205	65,655	1,470	265
English	1,175	35	385	20
French	1,555	860	660	35
Non-official language	2,680	715	10	0
Aboriginal	215	155	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,465	565	0	0
English and French	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	30	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 19}	76,670	67,290	2,515	325
English	74,020	67,290	265	250
French	2,285	0	2,255	25
English and French	110	0	0	45
Neither English nor French	250	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Footnote 20}	2,340	0	2,250	55
Official language minority (percentage)^{Footnote 21}	3.1	0.0	89.5	16.9
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 22}	76,670	67,290	2,515	325
Official languages	76,400	67,270	2,515	325
English	76,370	67,270	2,485	325
French	7,140	4,405	2,250	240
Non-official languages	8,625	2,490	55	10
Aboriginal languages	470	340	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,160	2,150	50	0
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 23}	76,670	67,285	2,515	325
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 24}	9,550	9,000	330	75
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 25}	9,370	8,825	320	75
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 26}	5,500	5,240	70	50
Métis	3,845	3,575	245	20
Inuk (Inuit)	20	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 27}	90	85	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 28}	85	85	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	67,125	58,290	2,185	250
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 29}	76,670	67,290	2,515	325
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 30}	4,470	4,265	35	40
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	72,200	63,025	2,480	290
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 31}	76,670	67,290	2,520	325
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 32}	2,650	2,485	25	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 33}	2,595	2,430	25	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 34}	2,225	2,085	15	10
Métis single ancestry	365	345	10	10
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 35}	55	55	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	55	55	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 36}	8,020	7,525	380	90
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 37}	7,765	7,315	340	90
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,670	4,495	120	50
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,080	2,810	215	40
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 38}	245	210	35	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	245	210	40	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 39}	66,005	57,275	2,115	225
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 40}	76,670	67,290	2,515	325
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 41}	75,330	66,575	2,515	320
Canadian citizens only	74,125	65,910	2,500	320
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,210	665	15	0
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 42}	1,340	710	0	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 43}	76,675	67,285	2,515	325
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 44}	69,800	64,850	2,475	315
Immigrants^{Footnote 45}	6,515	2,340	40	10
Before 1981	5,055	1,670	35	0
1981 to 1990	305	135	0	0
1991 to 2000	310	140	0	10
2001 to 2010	580	310	0	0
2001 to 2005	250	120	0	0
2006 to 2010	335	185	10	0
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 46}	265	85	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 47}	360	105	0	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 48}	6,515	2,340	40	10
Under 5 years	1,055	565	10	10
5 to 14 years	1,480	570	15	0
15 to 24 years	1,990	550	10	0
25 to 44 years	1,810	585	10	0
45 years and over	175	75	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 49}	6,520	2,340	40	10
Americas	1,110	950	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Guyana	15	15	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0
Jamaica	40	35	0	0
Mexico	20	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	40	40	0	0
United States^{Footnote 50}	855	830	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	120	20	0	10
Europe	4,660	1,185	30	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0
Croatia	55	10	0	0
France	40	10	20	0
Germany	405	75	0	0
Greece	15	0	0	0
Hungary	55	10	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 51}	40	35	0	0
Italy	2,240	175	0	0
Netherlands	70	15	0	0
Poland	100	0	0	0
Portugal	180	0	0	0
Romania	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Footnote 52}	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 53}	795	775	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	610	75	0	0
Africa	70	30	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	10	0	0
Asia	635	145	0	0
Afghanistan	10	10	0	0
Bangladesh	40	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 54}	145	45	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 55}	30	0	0	0
India	180	45	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 56}	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0
Japan	15	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 57}	40	15	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	15	0	0	0
Philippines	40	20	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 58}	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	75	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 59}	40	30	10	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 60}	260	90	0	0
Americas	65	50	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 61}	45	50	0	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 62}	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	0	0
Europe	15	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 63}	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 64}	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 65}	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0
Africa	20	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0
Asia	160	25	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 66}	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 67}	0	0	0	0
India	100	20	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 68}	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 69}	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 70}	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 71}	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 72}	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 73}	76,670	67,290	2,515	325
First generation^{Footnote 74}	7,200	2,730	50	10
Second generation^{Footnote 75}	12,575	10,580	140	10
Third generation or more^{Footnote 76}	56,900	53,975	2,330	305
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 77}	1,525	700	0	10
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 78}	655	185	0	10
Principal applicants^{Footnote 79}	275	70	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 80}	380	115	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 81}	735	465	10	10
Refugees^{Footnote 82}	125	40	0	0
Other immigrants^{Footnote 83}	10	15	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 84}	76,670	67,285	2,515	325
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 85}	2,045	1,040	20	10
South Asian^{Footnote 86}	485	125	0	0
Chinese	390	160	0	0
Black	490	440	20	0
Filipino	80	60	0	0
Latin American	80	15	0	0
Arab	225	30	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 87}	35	15	0	0
West Asian^{Footnote 88}	20	10	0	0
Korean	85	50	0	0
Japanese	35	20	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 89}	60	55	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 90}	65	55	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 91}	74,625	66,245	2,495	320
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 92}	76,670	67,290	2,515	325
North American Aboriginal origins	10,665	10,010	405	100
First Nations (North American Indian)	7,200	6,845	170	60
Inuit	35	15	10	0
Métis	3,740	3,420	265	45
Other North American origins	24,970	23,350	1,235	160
Acadian	90	50	40	0
American	1,020	1,000	15	10
Canadian	24,360	22,765	1,215	160
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	45	45	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	35	20	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	0	0	0	0
European origins	61,550	53,890	1,980	260
British Isles origins	37,445	36,890	345	95
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	15	0	0
English	21,265	20,955	180	55
Irish	16,690	16,490	115	35
Manx	15	15	0	0
Scottish	16,520	16,370	90	30
Welsh	1,305	1,285	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 94}	1,505	1,480	15	10
French origins	17,795	15,640	1,895	230
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	17,790	15,640	1,895	225
Western European origins (except French origins)	9,635	8,890	105	25
Austrian	355	320	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	190	135	30	0
Dutch	2,215	2,090	0	10
Flemish	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	7,245	6,715	65	20
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0
Swiss	85	70	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	15	15	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	5,945	5,190	40	20
Danish	390	365	0	0
Finnish	3,875	3,185	30	15
Icelandic	120	115	0	0
Norwegian	695	675	10	10
Swedish	1,325	1,255	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 96}	120	115	0	0
Eastern European origins	7,735	6,985	35	30
Bulgarian	20	20	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0
Czech	180	120	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 97}	155	150	0	0
Estonian	220	145	0	0
Hungarian	380	310	0	0
Latvian	70	70	0	0
Lithuanian	215	190	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,980	2,625	20	15
Romanian	165	155	0	0
Russian	460	435	0	0
Slovak	220	190	0	0
Ukrainian	3,785	3,645	15	20
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 98}	10	10	0	0
Southern European origins	17,425	13,650	130	70
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	700	620	0	0
Cypriot	10	0	10	0
Greek	155	120	0	0
Italian	16,020	12,635	120	60
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0
Maltese	100	80	0	0
Montenegrin	15	15	0	0
Portuguese	375	180	0	0
Serbian	25	20	0	0
Sicilian	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	90	80	0	0
Spanish	260	160	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 99}	95	100	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 100}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	175	165	10	0
Basque	0	0	0	0
Jewish	90	95	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 101}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 102}	80	75	10	0
Caribbean origins	345	340	0	0
Antiguan	10	10	0	0
Bahamian	15	15	0	0
Barbadian	25	30	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	25	15	10	0
Jamaican	150	150	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	10	0	0
St. Lucian	15	15	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	50	50	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 103}	35	35	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	15	20	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	180	105	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	15	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	40	10	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	15	20	0	0
Hispanic	10	10	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0
Mexican	55	30	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 105}	10	0	0	0
African origins	410	335	15	0
Central and West African origins	140	110	20	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	50	40	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	60	60	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	20	0	15	0
North African origins	35	10	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0
Libyan	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 107}	15	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	35	20	15	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 108}	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 109}	20	10	15	0
Other African origins	235	225	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 110}	50	55	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 111}	180	175	0	0
Asian origins	1,755	905	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	495	305	0	0
Afghan	10	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 112}	125	30	0	0
Armenian	15	15	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	25	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	10	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	165	160	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	70	25	0	0
Syrian	75	65	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	30	15	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	20	0	0	0
South Asian origins	545	190	0	0
Bangladeshi	65	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	370	135	0	0
Goan	10	10	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	35	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	15	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	30	25	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 114}	30	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	735	410	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	15	0	0
Chinese	450	220	0	0
Filipino	105	85	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0
Japanese	40	25	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	55	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	15	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	0	0	0
Thai	0	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 116}	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	65	65	0	0
Australian	55	55	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	10	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 117}	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 118}	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 119}	65,390	56,440	2,395	265
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,405	10,095	500	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 120}	19,420	17,305	620	100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,560	29,040	1,275	130
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,235	4,275	265	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 121}	2,275	1,840	120	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 122}	2,965	2,435	145	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,250	14,425	660	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	950	830	30	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,130	9,505	315	35
Bachelor's degree	8,175	7,095	230	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	845	745	30	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	300	230	0	0
Master's degree	1,515	1,240	45	0
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 123}	290	195	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 124}	65,390	56,440	2,395	270
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 125}	31,830	27,400	1,125	140
Education	2,115	1,795	130	15
13. Education	2,120	1,795	130	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	720	665	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	105	100	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	620	565	20	0
Humanities	1,260	1,065	50	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	100	60	15	0
23. English language and literature/letters	340	310	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	310	255	15	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 126}	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	50	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	150	140	0	0
54. History	240	215	15	0
55. French language and literature/letters	55	35	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,810	3,355	125	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	30	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	175	165	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	860	745	25	10
22. Legal professions and studies	530	450	40	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 127}	55	40	10	0
42. Psychology	980	880	25	10
45. Social sciences	1,180	1,030	20	0
Business, management and public administration	5,705	4,935	180	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	990	920	30	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,710	4,020	145	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	880	750	25	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	480	405	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	170	155	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 128}	20	20	0	0
40. Physical sciences	170	140	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	40	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,045	870	35	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	855	710	25	0
25. Library science	60	55	10	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	110	85	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 129}	20	20	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,070	6,785	310	35
04. Architecture and related services	105	75	0	0
14. Engineering	670	495	10	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,845	1,605	70	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,610	1,400	50	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,320	1,970	75	20
48. Precision production	1,525	1,235	95	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	900	805	20	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	155	140	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	750	660	20	0
Health and related fields	6,190	5,505	230	25
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	460	430	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,630	4,995	215	30
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	100	85	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,850	2,500	145	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,235	1,040	65	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,035	970	35	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	575	495	40	0
Other	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 130}	65,395	56,440	2,395	270
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,830	27,400	1,125	140
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 131}	33,560	29,040	1,270	130
Location of study inside Canada	30,420	26,740	1,245	125
Same as province or territory of residence	29,320	25,840	1,120	120
Different than province or territory of residence	1,105	895	120	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 132}	3,140	2,300	30	0
United States^{Footnote 133}	2,175	1,960	20	10
Philippines	10	10	0	0
India	115	15	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 134}	195	180	0	0
China^{Footnote 135}	40	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0
Other	600	135	0	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 136}	65,395	56,440	2,395	265
In the labour force	37,610	33,855	1,160	150
Employed	33,730	30,210	1,100	130
Unemployed	3,880	3,645	60	25
Not in the labour force	27,785	22,580	1,230	115
Participation rate	57.5	60.0	48.4	56.6
Employment rate	51.6	53.5	45.9	49.1
Unemployment rate	10.3	10.8	5.2	16.7
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 137}	65,395	56,445	2,395	270
Did not work^{Footnote 138}	25,930	21,030	1,190	90
Worked	39,465	35,410	1,210	180
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 139}	19,280	17,160	615	50
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 140}	20,180	18,255	595	125
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	42.1	44.1	34.0
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	40,670	36,470	1,255	180
a.Management	3,140	2,700	120	10
00 Senior management occupations	235	195	15	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,020	885	35	10
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,310	1,120	50	10
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	580	505	20	0
b.Professional	6,205	5,445	185	30
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	750	680	10	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	955	825	15	10
30 Professional occupations in nursing	910	835	20	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	680	585	10	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,575	1,320	75	10
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,140	1,035	45	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	185	170	15	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	4,315	3,900	135	10
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,360	1,195	35	10
32 Technical occupations in health	955	885	40	10
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	960	850	35	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	415	380	10	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	625	585	15	0
d.Administration and administrative support	4,600	4,085	135	20
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,820	1,585	40	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	340	310	15	0
14 Office support occupations	1,735	1,545	50	10
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	710	645	30	0
e.Sales	4,240	3,855	130	25
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	675	625	15	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,890	1,695	65	0
66 Sales support occupations	1,675	1,535	50	15
f.Personal and customer information services	8,955	8,195	230	50
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,045	960	25	10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,065	955	45	10
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,335	1,175	20	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,455	2,305	45	10
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	3,065	2,800	85	30
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	4,105	3,625	120	25
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,285	2,010	85	10
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,820	1,615	40	15
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	2,720	2,515	100	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	395	370	10	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,675	1,540	80	10
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	650	605	15	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	720	665	35	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	125	110	10	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	110	90	10	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	485	465	20	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,670	1,485	55	10
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	370	345	10	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	695	605	25	10
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	85	75	0	10
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	520	465	20	10
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 142}	40,665	36,470	1,255	185
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	285	220	30	10
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 143}	125	100	0	0
113 Forestry and logging	115	80	25	10
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	50	40	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	270	240	20	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	45	35	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	160	140	15	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	70	65	0	0
22 Utilities	390	370	15	0
221 Utilities	390	365	15	0
23 Construction	3,030	2,770	80	0
236 Construction of buildings	755	695	20	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	450	435	0	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	1,820	1,640	60	10
31-33 Manufacturing	4,065	3,495	125	25
311 Food manufacturing	90	75	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	50	40	10	0
313 Textile mills	0	10	0	0
314 Textile product mills	10	10	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	245	210	10	10
322 Paper manufacturing	25	20	10	0
323 Printing and related support activities	90	80	10	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	15	15	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	60	55	0	10
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	30	30	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	85	65	10	10
331 Primary metal manufacturing	2,805	2,415	60	10
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	245	205	15	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	70	70	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	50	45	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	0	10	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	50	45	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	30	30	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	95	85	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	845	760	45	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	10	10	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	40	40	10	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	115	90	10	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	20	15	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	110	95	10	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	230	210	10	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	205	195	10	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	105	95	10	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	10	10	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,275	4,785	160	15
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	580	515	30	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	125	105	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	125	120	10	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	540	485	10	10
445 Food and beverage stores	1,295	1,160	45	0
446 Health and personal care stores	560	490	25	10
447 Gasoline stations	130	135	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	505	450	15	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	200	195	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	775	745	10	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	295	265	15	0
454 Non-store retailers	145	125	10	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,410	1,270	65	0
481 Air transportation	50	35	0	0
482 Rail transportation	135	125	10	0
483 Water transportation	10	10	0	0
484 Truck transportation	250	220	20	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	355	320	20	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	315	295	0	0
491 Postal service	125	105	10	0
492 Couriers and messengers	150	135	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	20	25	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	505	480	10	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	60	60	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	150	155	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	45	30	10	10
517 Telecommunications	125	110	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	10	10	0	0
519 Other information services	115	105	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	955	855	10	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	535	485	0	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	130	115	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	290	255	0	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	595	515	10	10
531 Real estate	505	440	10	0
532 Rental and leasing services	90	75	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,425	1,275	45	10
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,425	1,275	50	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	25	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	20	25	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,630	2,430	85	10
561 Administrative and support services	2,555	2,355	85	10
562 Waste management and remediation services	75	70	0	0
61 Educational services	3,180	2,735	125	15
611 Educational services	3,180	2,730	125	15
62 Health care and social assistance	6,120	5,525	185	15
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,715	1,545	35	0
622 Hospitals	1,780	1,585	65	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,375	1,250	40	10
624 Social assistance	1,245	1,140	45	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,405	1,305	25	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	150	150	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	90	85	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,160	1,070	20	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,445	3,130	65	30
721 Accommodation services	650	580	15	0
722 Food services and drinking places	2,795	2,550	50	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,680	1,495	40	10
811 Repair and maintenance	605	530	20	0
812 Personal and laundry services	495	440	20	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	480	450	0	0
814 Private households	100	85	0	0
91 Public administration	3,135	2,790	115	10
911 Federal government public administration	875	745	40	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	1,030	880	65	10
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,155	1,100	10	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	85	70	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	33,725	30,205	1,100	130
Worked at home	1,230	1,070	50	0
Worked outside Canada	190	170	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,160	2,855	140	10
Worked at usual place	29,145	26,110	910	115
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 145}	40,670	36,470	1,255	185
English	40,250	36,315	1,070	145
French	215	80	120	15
Non-official language	20	10	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	15	10	0	0
English and French	150	55	55	20
English and non-official language	35	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	10	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 146}	40,665	36,470	1,260	185
None	39,190	35,680	830	140
English	165	75	75	0
French	965	545	340	30
Non-official language	310	145	0	10
Aboriginal	50	40	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	260	105	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	30	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	29,145	26,110	910	115
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	26,660	23,830	805	105
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,965	1,830	65	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	435	370	40	0
Commute to a different province or territory	90	80	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	32,305	28,965	1,045	125
Car, truck, van - as a driver	26,935	24,055	895	85
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,190	2,030	50	10
Public transit	1,200	1,085	50	10
Walked	1,455	1,315	30	20
Bicycle	280	260	10	0
Other method	245	225	20	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	32,310	28,965	1,045	125
Less than 15 minutes	18,405	16,440	620	60
15 to 29 minutes	11,015	9,905	315	50
30 to 44 minutes	1,950	1,750	90	0
45 to 59 minutes	445	430	10	10
60 minutes and over	495	440	20	0
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 149}	32,305	28,965	1,045	120
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,880	1,720	35	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,930	4,405	185	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,765	7,035	250	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,860	7,740	300	40
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,215	2,850	100	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,660	5,210	180	25
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 150}	76,035	66,685	2,505	325
Non-movers	67,680	59,025	2,230	300
Movers	8,360	7,660	275	25
Non-migrants	6,445	5,950	205	15
Migrants	1,915	1,715	75	10
Internal migrants	1,715	1,570	75	10
Intraprovincial migrants	1,485	1,380	60	10
Interprovincial migrants	230	190	10	0
External migrants	200	140	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 151}	72,885	63,615	2,490	315
Non-movers	50,380	43,235	1,740	215
Movers	22,510	20,380	755	100
Non-migrants	16,485	15,250	505	60
Migrants	6,020	5,135	245	45
Internal migrants	5,375	4,805	240	45
Intraprovincial migrants	4,730	4,290	175	40
Interprovincial migrants	640	510	60	0
External migrants	645	330	10	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

'Immigrant status' refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

'Period of immigration' refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

Non-permanent residents and immigrants who landed between 2015 and 2016 are included in the 'Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration.' The categories for 'Non-permanent residents' and period of immigration '2015 to 2016' are not presented elsewhere in this table with income as they may not have a complete year of applicable income. The income data for the 2016 Census of Population are for the year 2015.

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit, or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

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The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

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Footnote 3

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 4

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 5

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 8

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 9

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

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Footnote 13

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 16

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

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Footnote 21

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Footnote 22

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 22 referrer

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 23

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 24

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 25

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 26

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 27

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 28

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 31

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 32

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 34

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 37

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 38

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 39

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 40

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 41

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 42

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 43

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 44

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 45

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 46

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 47

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 48

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 50

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 51

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 52

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 53

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 54

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 55

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 56

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 57

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 58

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 59

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 60

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 61

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 62

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 63

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 64

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 65

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Footnote 66

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 67

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 68

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 69

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 70

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 71

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 72

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 73

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 74

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 75

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 76

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 77

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 78

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 79

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 80

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 81

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 82

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 83

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 84

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 85

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 86

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 87

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 88

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 89

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 90

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 91

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 92

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 96

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 97

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 98

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 99

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 100

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 101

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 103

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 117

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 119

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 120

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 121

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 122

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 123

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 124

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 125

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 127

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 128

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 129

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 130

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 131

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 132

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 133

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 134

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Footnote 135

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 136

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 137

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 140

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 141

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 142

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 143

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 144

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 145

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 146

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 147

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 149

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 151

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016353.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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