Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Peel
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	1,372,645	722,510	13,050	5,105
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	1,372,640	722,510	13,050	5,105
0 to 14 years	253,235	171,130	1,650	1,890
0 to 4 years	76,215	50,715	365	310
5 to 9 years	87,160	59,305	625	690
10 to 14 years	89,865	61,115	655	895
15 to 64 years	949,180	478,935	9,355	2,865
15 to 19 years	96,715	64,380	720	550
20 to 24 years	100,600	64,085	780	430
25 to 29 years	90,340	50,450	710	300
30 to 34 years	91,050	44,355	795	240
35 to 39 years	93,240	41,045	825	300
40 to 44 years	96,785	41,000	1,090	300
45 to 49 years	103,230	45,775	1,115	245
50 to 54 years	107,985	50,040	1,180	215
55 to 59 years	93,920	44,550	1,170	145
60 to 64 years	75,315	33,265	975	145
65 years and over	170,220	72,445	2,050	345
65 to 69 years	62,270	27,330	775	120
70 to 74 years	43,210	18,900	525	110
75 to 79 years	30,220	11,955	395	60
80 to 84 years	19,535	7,760	205	20
85 years and over	14,985	6,505	155	35
85 to 89 years	10,515	4,445	120	20
90 to 94 years	3,670	1,695	25	15
95 to 99 years	705	315	10	0
100 years and over	95	55	10	0
Average age	38.1	34.3	43.0	27.9
Median age	37.9	31.2	44.8	21.3
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 2}	1,119,400	551,380	11,400	3,215
Married or living common law	659,230	264,075	7,100	1,490
Married	611,150	231,445	6,050	1,220
Living common law	48,085	32,630	1,055	270
Not married and not living common law	460,175	287,305	4,300	1,725
Never married	333,935	221,855	2,765	1,475
Separated	27,790	15,685	315	70
Divorced	51,170	30,725	705	105
Widowed	47,280	19,040	515	75
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	1,119,400	551,380	11,405	3,210
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,053,655	515,055	10,860	2,870
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,651	47,569	58,357	41,052
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,697	35,482	43,644	31,897
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,053,850	515,175	10,875	2,870
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,665	39,003	46,669	34,508
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,406	32,059	38,629	29,771
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	927,485	471,350	9,895	2,580
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,405	47,418	58,575	41,439
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,424	34,777	43,753	32,665
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	756,500	356,425	7,385	2,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,189	6,032	7,390	5,295
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,164	1,755	3,947	1,477
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	805,205	412,890	8,420	2,260
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,132	47,219	59,148	41,438
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,450	36,021	46,797	32,739
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Footnote 5}	89.6	91.2	91.4	90.9
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 6}	79.1	79.6	78.5	79.5
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 7}	10.4	8.8	8.6	9.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 8}	1,119,405	551,375	11,400	3,210
Without total income	65,745	36,325	540	345
With total income	1,053,655	515,055	10,865	2,875
Percentage with total income	94.1	93.4	95.3	89.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	191,645	88,315	1,375	580
$10,000 to $19,999	188,590	79,695	1,435	480
$20,000 to $29,999	137,370	60,050	1,160	325
$30,000 to $39,999	114,765	54,090	985	290
$40,000 to $49,999	100,125	51,490	1,115	245
$50,000 to $59,999	79,415	43,630	1,085	260
$60,000 to $69,999	61,460	34,565	805	210
$70,000 to $79,999	46,110	26,150	640	150
$80,000 to $89,999	34,560	19,205	465	90
$90,000 to $99,999	28,435	15,890	465	65
$100,000 and over	71,180	41,975	1,325	175
$100,000 to $149,999	49,320	27,800	835	120
$150,000 and over	21,855	14,180	490	55
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	1,119,400	551,380	11,400	3,215
Without after-tax income	65,555	36,205	530	345
With after-tax income	1,053,850	515,175	10,870	2,870
Percentage with after-tax income	94.1	93.4	95.4	89.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	194,175	89,825	1,430	585
$10,000 to $19,999	196,520	83,285	1,490	505
$20,000 to $29,999	158,910	70,695	1,405	350
$30,000 to $39,999	136,745	67,065	1,265	370
$40,000 to $49,999	115,720	61,885	1,430	330
$50,000 to $59,999	82,705	46,225	1,095	315
$60,000 to $69,999	57,045	31,675	830	170
$70,000 to $79,999	40,780	22,785	535	90
$80,000 and over	71,245	41,740	1,380	160
$80,000 to $89,999	25,035	13,865	455	40
$90,000 to $99,999	14,125	7,880	225	40
$100,000 and over	32,090	19,990	700	80
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	1,119,405	551,380	11,405	3,215
Without employment income	314,200	138,495	2,985	950
With employment income	805,200	412,885	8,420	2,260
Percentage with employment income	71.9	74.9	73.8	70.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	98,775	54,645	900	320
$5,000 to $9,999	66,640	33,740	460	185
$10,000 to $19,999	113,505	52,790	805	330
$20,000 to $29,999	92,425	40,205	735	230
$30,000 to $39,999	86,845	41,200	780	190
$40,000 to $49,999	78,860	40,935	800	235
$50,000 to $59,999	64,640	35,390	865	235
$60,000 to $69,999	50,070	27,510	605	130
$70,000 to $79,999	38,835	21,435	580	130
$80,000 and over	114,605	65,030	1,900	280
$80,000 to $89,999	30,145	16,565	365	65
$90,000 to $99,999	25,045	13,740	450	55
$100,000 and over	59,415	34,730	1,085	150
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	1,119,400	551,380	11,400	3,215
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	384,710	201,700	4,515	1,015
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 13}	52,426	55,451	63,324	54,967
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	63,269	67,777	80,177	62,347
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 15}	1,372,640	722,505	13,050	5,105
English only	1,230,695	678,315	985	990
French only	995	65	540	35
English and French	86,030	43,445	11,500	4,065
Neither English nor French	54,920	685	30	10
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	1,372,640	722,510	13,050	5,105
English	836,635	647,915	6,635	2,515
French	5,450	380	4,195	300
Non-official language	357,755	18,255	515	310
Aboriginal	30	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	357,730	18,250	515	315
English and French	2,940	930	900	830
English and non-official language	166,410	53,965	215	520
French and non-official language	535	25	255	60
English, French and non-official language	2,915	1,040	340	565
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	1,372,640	722,510	13,055	5,105
None	1,023,995	656,020	6,745	3,520
English	153,915	10,835	2,220	290
French	9,590	4,980	2,745	660
Non-official language	178,965	49,685	1,015	345
Aboriginal	30	15	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	178,940	49,665	1,020	340
English and French	815	40	50	95
English and non-official language	3,665	345	110	25
French and non-official language	1,655	600	160	175
English, French and non-official language	35	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	1,372,640	722,510	13,050	5,105
English	1,292,590	722,445	990	3,165
French	13,525	65	12,065	375
English and French	12,340	0	0	1,560
Neither English nor French	54,195	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Footnote 19}	19,690	65	12,065	1,160
Official language minority (percentage)^{Footnote 20}	1.4	0.0	92.5	22.7
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 21}	1,372,640	722,505	13,050	5,100
Official languages	1,317,720	721,825	13,020	5,095
English	1,316,725	721,760	12,480	5,060
French	87,030	43,510	12,035	4,105
Non-official languages	788,820	163,235	4,135	2,450
Aboriginal languages	115	65	0	20
Non-Aboriginal languages	788,705	163,165	4,135	2,435
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 22}	1,372,645	722,505	13,055	5,105
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 23}	9,120	8,480	465	125
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 24}	8,530	7,945	440	100
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 25}	5,420	5,215	105	65
Métis	2,945	2,565	335	35
Inuk (Inuit)	165	165	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 26}	285	240	20	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 27}	310	295	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,363,520	714,030	12,585	4,975
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 28}	1,372,645	722,510	13,050	5,100
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 29}	2,575	2,440	55	45
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,370,065	720,070	12,995	5,055
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 30}	1,372,640	722,510	13,050	5,100
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 31}	1,325	1,200	85	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 32}	1,290	1,165	85	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 33}	1,085	1,030	15	15
Métis single ancestry	190	120	75	0
Inuit single ancestry	15	15	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 34}	40	35	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	25	20	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	15	15	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 35}	12,935	11,970	685	195
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 36}	12,490	11,575	660	175
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	9,625	9,110	375	70
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,615	2,225	275	105
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	255	240	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 37}	445	395	30	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	330	275	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	75	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	40	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 38}	1,358,375	709,335	12,280	4,895
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 39}	1,372,640	722,510	13,050	5,105
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 40}	1,192,495	680,195	11,775	4,750
Canadian citizens only	1,085,945	650,540	10,600	4,220
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	106,550	29,660	1,170	535
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 41}	180,145	42,315	1,275	355
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 42}	1,372,640	722,510	13,050	5,105
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 43}	642,835	515,040	8,155	3,405
Immigrants^{Footnote 44}	706,840	201,710	4,675	1,675
Before 1981	134,265	55,380	785	190
1981 to 1990	94,105	29,190	595	195
1991 to 2000	171,230	44,500	960	275
2001 to 2010	213,135	51,490	1,565	750
2001 to 2005	113,910	26,895	785	360
2006 to 2010	99,225	24,600	780	395
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 45}	94,105	21,150	770	265
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 46}	22,970	5,760	220	25
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 47}	706,835	201,710	4,675	1,680
Under 5 years	60,825	29,150	520	410
5 to 14 years	116,445	44,320	850	400
15 to 24 years	159,265	44,570	930	200
25 to 44 years	291,160	70,625	2,050	540
45 years and over	79,140	13,050	325	120
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 48}	706,835	201,710	4,675	1,675
Americas	112,715	85,755	425	130
Brazil	1,510	125	0	0
Colombia	4,740	255	35	10
El Salvador	2,420	135	20	0
Guyana	20,875	20,730	10	10
Haiti	440	20	215	15
Jamaica	35,320	34,980	15	15
Mexico	1,885	120	0	10
Peru	2,005	180	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	14,255	14,180	10	0
United States^{Footnote 49}	8,865	6,640	60	45
Other places of birth in Americas	20,405	8,390	75	35
Europe	132,030	29,635	920	125
Bosnia and Herzegovina	3,080	185	10	0
Croatia	4,425	190	0	0
France	1,000	120	605	15
Germany	4,420	810	30	20
Greece	2,405	185	0	10
Hungary	1,365	80	0	10
Ireland^{Footnote 50}	1,515	1,470	0	0
Italy	16,575	1,380	40	0
Netherlands	1,640	240	10	0
Poland	26,005	960	30	0
Portugal	21,195	1,720	30	15
Romania	3,685	215	20	0
Russian Federation	2,655	250	0	0
Serbia^{Footnote 51}	2,520	185	0	0
Ukraine	4,990	310	10	10
United Kingdom^{Footnote 52}	21,405	19,870	20	15
Other places of birth in Europe	13,155	1,465	125	15
Africa	40,840	14,025	2,730	790
Algeria	300	10	100	10
Egypt	10,065	1,655	230	205
Ethiopia	1,020	150	0	10
Kenya	3,385	1,550	10	10
Morocco	440	25	150	20
Nigeria	6,275	4,195	0	10
Somalia	1,260	225	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	1,685	1,400	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	16,405	4,820	2,215	530
Asia	419,545	71,455	590	625
Afghanistan	5,160	425	20	0
Bangladesh	4,380	600	0	0
China^{Footnote 53}	26,265	1,035	0	15
Hong Kong^{Footnote 54}	8,220	825	0	0
India	181,395	31,625	60	240
Iran^{Footnote 55}	3,510	280	0	0
Iraq	10,815	990	20	10
Japan	715	85	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 56}	4,710	360	10	0
Lebanon	3,860	660	245	120
Pakistan	55,225	9,795	35	25
Philippines	43,165	10,560	25	30
Sri Lanka	21,310	3,390	20	15
Syria^{Footnote 57}	3,730	340	40	15
Taiwan	2,125	105	0	0
Viet Nam	15,470	1,260	55	0
Other places of birth in Asia	29,480	9,100	60	150
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 58}	1,705	850	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 59}	94,105	21,150	775	265
Americas	10,245	6,430	75	30
Brazil	210	30	0	0
Colombia	845	15	10	10
Cuba	290	50	0	0
Haiti	150	10	55	0
Jamaica	3,010	2,970	0	0
Mexico	460	50	0	0
United States^{Footnote 60}	1,890	1,290	10	20
Venezuela^{Footnote 61}	410	20	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	2,980	1,995	10	10
Europe	4,600	820	95	0
France	95	0	75	0
Germany	125	35	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 62}	110	105	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 63}	20	10	10	0
Romania	195	0	0	10
Russian Federation	320	20	0	0
Ukraine	685	40	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 64}	625	515	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	2,430	100	10	0
Africa	7,515	2,370	525	175
Algeria	55	0	10	0
Cameroon	205	150	40	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	185	0	115	10
Côte d'Ivoire	75	0	70	0
Egypt	2,795	390	25	35
Eritrea	75	10	0	0
Ethiopia	70	10	0	10
Morocco	90	0	20	0
Nigeria	1,715	1,200	0	0
Somalia	110	20	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	95	70	10	0
Tunisia	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	2,040	495	235	115
Asia	71,515	11,405	75	60
Afghanistan	665	40	0	0
Bangladesh	645	55	0	0
China^{Footnote 65}	4,230	95	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 66}	130	35	0	0
India	33,400	5,880	15	35
Iran^{Footnote 67}	570	30	0	0
Iraq	3,265	265	10	0
Israel	75	20	0	0
Japan	70	15	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 68}	295	15	0	0
Lebanon	490	85	25	20
Nepal	765	50	0	0
Pakistan	10,515	1,610	10	0
Philippines	6,560	1,380	0	0
Saudi Arabia	860	160	0	0
Sri Lanka	1,655	185	10	0
Syria^{Footnote 69}	1,855	85	10	0
Taiwan	145	0	0	0
Turkey	125	10	0	0
United Arab Emirates	1,800	730	0	0
Viet Nam	925	80	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	2,465	580	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 70}	225	120	0	0
Australia	185	100	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 71}	35	25	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 72}	1,372,640	722,510	13,050	5,105
First generation^{Footnote 73}	735,025	210,760	5,035	1,710
Second generation^{Footnote 74}	408,995	292,045	2,025	2,285
Third generation or more^{Footnote 75}	228,615	219,705	5,985	1,105
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 76}	581,565	149,570	3,955	1,510
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 77}	276,730	77,525	2,270	1,100
Principal applicants^{Footnote 78}	104,040	24,695	900	300
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 79}	172,690	52,825	1,365	805
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 80}	226,305	61,270	990	270
Refugees^{Footnote 81}	72,925	9,160	650	110
Other immigrants^{Footnote 82}	5,605	1,615	45	30
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 83}	1,372,645	722,505	13,050	5,105
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 84}	854,565	364,470	5,015	3,100
South Asian^{Footnote 85}	434,100	140,145	880	1,255
Chinese	63,745	13,940	200	230
Black	131,060	116,440	2,360	510
Filipino	57,210	24,580	80	135
Latin American	31,060	7,720	135	40
Arab	42,500	10,470	655	385
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 86}	23,410	6,880	90	75
West Asian^{Footnote 87}	13,435	2,365	55	25
Korean	6,630	1,430	20	10
Japanese	2,600	1,560	15	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 88}	25,475	23,175	345	270
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 89}	23,335	15,780	185	160
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 90}	518,080	358,035	8,035	2,005
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 91}	1,372,640	722,510	13,055	5,105
North American Aboriginal origins	14,265	13,170	770	210
First Nations (North American Indian)	11,155	10,535	415	105
Inuit	400	380	10	0
Métis	3,205	2,685	375	130
Other North American origins	156,135	139,555	3,980	1,130
Acadian	810	600	190	15
American	7,035	6,615	65	25
Canadian	149,875	133,975	3,675	1,100
New Brunswicker	30	20	0	0
Newfoundlander	745	740	0	0
Nova Scotian	145	145	0	0
Ontarian	130	90	20	0
Québécois	275	120	145	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 92}	40	40	0	0
European origins	514,260	351,030	6,595	1,795
British Isles origins	220,155	215,610	1,265	660
Channel Islander	120	120	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0
English	124,170	121,750	475	335
Irish	89,820	88,565	625	235
Manx	95	95	0	0
Scottish	88,305	87,425	315	210
Welsh	9,030	8,920	40	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	17,920	17,400	45	80
French origins	42,895	34,855	5,330	965
Alsatian	20	10	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	0
Corsican	0	10	0	0
French	42,870	34,835	5,330	960
Western European origins (except French origins)	65,735	54,130	610	220
Austrian	4,260	3,125	15	15
Bavarian	25	20	0	0
Belgian	1,595	1,325	160	10
Dutch	16,675	14,565	40	35
Flemish	140	90	20	10
Frisian	80	50	0	0
German	45,310	37,280	285	175
Luxembourger	55	35	20	0
Swiss	2,130	1,700	90	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 94}	30	15	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	9,615	8,560	50	45
Danish	2,405	2,030	0	15
Finnish	2,210	1,950	15	10
Icelandic	460	455	10	0
Norwegian	2,145	2,010	20	0
Swedish	2,740	2,395	15	20
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	425	385	0	0
Eastern European origins	105,730	48,405	330	240
Bulgarian	1,985	480	0	10
Byelorussian	770	185	10	10
Czech	2,510	1,285	40	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 96}	645	550	0	0
Estonian	755	480	0	0
Hungarian	8,110	4,960	30	15
Latvian	795	530	0	0
Lithuanian	2,085	1,270	10	0
Moldovan	145	50	0	0
Polish	55,740	22,200	120	115
Romanian	6,260	2,360	25	10
Russian	9,835	4,315	45	25
Slovak	3,020	1,620	15	0
Ukrainian	26,510	15,715	75	85
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 97}	265	165	0	0
Southern European origins	208,835	117,620	990	515
Albanian	3,625	1,020	20	0
Bosnian	2,520	580	10	0
Catalan	30	20	0	0
Croatian	12,125	5,215	25	30
Cypriot	210	120	0	0
Greek	10,920	6,660	50	70
Italian	88,115	59,115	475	250
Kosovar	120	15	0	0
Macedonian	3,700	1,875	10	0
Maltese	6,340	4,995	25	10
Montenegrin	265	70	0	0
Portuguese	61,840	33,735	200	110
Serbian	6,980	2,135	20	45
Sicilian	180	130	0	0
Slovenian	3,570	2,205	10	0
Spanish	24,075	11,140	195	65
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 98}	1,290	740	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 99}	100	45	0	15
Other European origins	3,875	2,455	65	10
Basque	95	45	10	0
Jewish	2,035	1,275	30	0
Roma (Gypsy)	165	55	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 100}	190	45	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 101}	1,390	1,045	30	10
Caribbean origins	110,740	107,215	570	320
Antiguan	640	635	0	0
Bahamian	275	280	0	0
Barbadian	4,615	4,595	0	0
Bermudan	65	65	0	0
Carib	520	505	10	0
Cuban	2,270	1,275	15	20
Dominican	1,385	865	10	15
Grenadian	3,130	3,090	15	10
Guadeloupean	10	0	0	0
Haitian	905	310	365	70
Jamaican	70,875	70,165	100	165
Kittitian/Nevisian	515	505	0	0
Martinican	20	0	15	0
Montserratan	75	75	0	0
Puerto Rican	100	65	0	0
St. Lucian	1,160	1,055	25	20
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	13,365	13,250	20	40
Vincentian/Grenadinian	2,405	2,375	0	25
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 102}	16,045	15,610	10	50
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 103}	3,135	3,030	15	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	52,510	29,500	135	130
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	1,295	815	0	15
Arawak	160	155	0	0
Argentinian	2,105	825	10	10
Belizean	55	55	0	0
Bolivian	350	130	0	0
Brazilian	2,115	890	0	0
Chilean	2,710	965	0	0
Colombian	6,965	1,395	50	0
Costa Rican	365	110	0	0
Ecuadorian	3,875	1,645	10	15
Guatemalan	1,710	545	0	10
Guyanese	17,450	17,305	0	35
Hispanic	775	340	0	0
Honduran	490	125	0	0
Maya	185	40	0	0
Mexican	3,345	1,005	15	10
Nicaraguan	530	190	0	0
Panamanian	485	295	10	0
Paraguayan	80	45	0	0
Peruvian	2,705	945	0	10
Salvadorean	3,315	1,020	20	20
Uruguayan	1,455	685	0	0
Venezuelan	1,545	705	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	2,125	1,215	15	10
African origins	67,820	41,210	2,925	895
Central and West African origins	19,835	12,810	1,075	185
Akan	200	80	0	0
Angolan	130	45	10	15
Ashanti	445	245	0	0
Beninese	100	65	0	0
Burkinabe	45	15	10	0
Cameroonian	630	340	230	40
Chadian	25	15	0	0
Congolese	835	130	555	45
Edo	320	270	0	0
Ewe	70	35	0	0
Gabonese	15	0	15	0
Gambian	70	25	0	0
Ghanaian	8,070	4,885	20	20
Guinean	80	20	30	0
Ibo	415	260	10	0
Ivorian	150	65	75	0
Liberian	95	70	0	0
Malian	50	0	25	0
Malinké	20	0	0	0
Nigerian	6,895	5,465	15	40
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	130	35	60	0
Sierra Leonean	175	150	0	0
Togolese	45	0	25	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	1,260	885	0	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 105}	910	585	100	0
North African origins	16,610	5,205	610	375
Algerian	500	120	135	15
Berber	115	40	30	40
Coptic	730	210	25	15
Dinka	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	13,470	4,225	250	240
Libyan	395	130	0	0
Maure	70	35	10	0
Moroccan	970	345	180	90
Sudanese	920	265	0	20
Tunisian	50	20	15	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	230	65	55	10
Southern and East African origins	11,405	6,115	530	260
Afrikaner	20	10	0	0
Amhara	105	25	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 107}	80	45	10	0
Burundian	120	25	20	10
Djiboutian	25	15	0	0
Eritrean	710	275	0	0
Ethiopian	1,605	740	15	15
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	1,055	585	0	0
Malagasy	25	0	0	0
Mauritian	1,245	330	390	205
Oromo	65	35	0	0
Rwandan	250	80	40	0
Seychellois	50	10	25	0
Somali	3,305	1,855	15	10
South African	1,340	1,210	0	0
Tanzanian	235	160	0	0
Tigrian	50	30	0	0
Ugandan	365	235	0	0
Zambian	130	70	0	0
Zimbabwean	295	180	0	0
Zulu	40	35	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 108}	845	475	25	0
Other African origins	21,175	17,810	800	105
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 109}	2,525	2,405	30	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 110}	18,870	15,575	785	95
Asian origins	669,595	222,790	2,270	2,360
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	66,430	19,200	780	475
Afghan	8,365	1,640	20	20
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 111}	8,680	2,145	140	70
Armenian	2,120	865	50	10
Assyrian	2,505	550	0	10
Azerbaijani	210	60	0	0
Georgian	130	40	0	0
Hazara	55	10	0	0
Iranian	6,870	2,170	25	15
Iraqi	10,575	2,095	15	25
Israeli	585	380	0	10
Jordanian	2,455	695	25	10
Kazakh	25	0	0	0
Kurd	500	130	0	0
Kuwaiti	165	45	0	0
Kyrgyz	10	0	0	0
Lebanese	7,635	3,505	380	255
Palestinian	7,380	2,480	15	30
Pashtun	840	130	30	0
Saudi Arabian	255	70	0	0
Syrian	6,480	2,050	70	55
Tajik	200	25	0	0
Tatar	180	35	0	0
Turk	3,850	1,070	30	25
Turkmen	60	25	0	0
Uighur	110	10	0	0
Uzbek	130	35	0	0
Yemeni	430	190	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 112}	3,135	880	20	35
South Asian origins	439,120	148,645	1,045	1,375
Bangladeshi	3,245	835	0	0
Bengali	1,750	605	0	10
Bhutanese	25	0	0	0
East Indian	313,085	114,635	925	1,100
Goan	1,730	1,650	0	0
Gujarati	2,050	410	0	0
Kashmiri	760	185	0	0
Nepali	2,005	225	0	10
Pakistani	56,205	16,110	55	105
Punjabi	36,105	6,970	30	70
Sinhalese	1,180	385	0	10
Sri Lankan	24,790	7,985	25	80
Tamil	8,170	2,275	30	65
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	20,860	5,485	20	65
East and Southeast Asian origins	170,030	59,620	505	550
Burmese	415	200	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	620	245	0	0
Chinese	81,160	24,255	295	310
Filipino	62,460	28,420	80	160
Hmong	25	15	10	0
Indonesian	1,540	650	0	0
Japanese	3,915	2,440	10	20
Karen	30	0	0	0
Korean	7,060	1,720	15	10
Laotian	1,245	505	0	20
Malaysian	1,290	695	0	0
Mongolian	265	95	0	0
Singaporean	210	155	0	0
Taiwanese	1,060	215	0	0
Thai	770	295	0	15
Tibetan	330	60	0	0
Vietnamese	21,140	6,210	95	65
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 114}	1,175	380	0	0
Other Asian origins	3,865	1,235	10	15
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	3,860	1,235	0	15
Oceania origins	1,570	1,310	0	0
Australian	650	615	0	0
New Zealander	250	245	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	695	475	0	0
Fijian	525	355	0	0
Hawaiian	45	35	0	0
Maori	35	35	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 116}	25	25	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 117}	70	25	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 118}	1,119,405	551,380	11,405	3,215
No certificate, diploma or degree	193,215	87,155	1,515	455
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 119}	314,150	171,155	2,875	885
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	612,035	293,065	7,020	1,875
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	52,600	27,935	695	110
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 120}	28,865	14,550	425	60
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 121}	23,730	13,380	265	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	203,965	119,955	2,410	600
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30,045	13,470	465	145
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	325,430	131,705	3,455	1,025
Bachelor's degree	220,500	95,665	2,235	700
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	21,000	8,655	325	95
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	8,880	2,710	40	10
Master's degree	68,680	22,775	745	175
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 122}	6,380	1,910	110	50
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 123}	1,119,400	551,380	11,400	3,215
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 124}	507,360	258,315	4,390	1,340
Education	28,755	15,370	560	115
13. Education	28,755	15,370	560	115
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	19,270	11,880	220	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,120	2,190	35	10
50. Visual and performing arts	16,150	9,685	185	65
Humanities	42,170	16,705	455	120
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	4,130	835	105	20
23. English language and literature/letters	9,385	4,620	50	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	19,125	5,995	115	45
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 125}	90	65	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,940	1,030	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,725	1,070	15	10
54. History	4,710	2,565	35	10
55. French language and literature/letters	1,065	525	115	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	74,210	41,130	850	290
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	580	340	30	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	6,450	4,415	90	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	12,900	7,220	110	30
22. Legal professions and studies	12,425	7,145	155	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 126}	1,155	765	15	10
42. Psychology	9,825	6,210	130	35
45. Social sciences	30,870	15,045	320	135
Business, management and public administration	152,960	76,575	1,945	420
30.16 Accounting and computer science	325	165	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	8,085	5,525	55	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	144,550	70,885	1,880	410
Physical and life sciences and technologies	32,050	12,620	330	105
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	11,850	5,145	125	75
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	9,485	3,650	85	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 127}	360	200	0	0
40. Physical sciences	8,990	2,975	90	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,365	645	25	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	37,240	14,535	480	110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30,420	12,100	390	85
25. Library science	745	385	15	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	5,590	1,825	70	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 128}	485	225	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	119,185	48,755	1,135	275
04. Architecture and related services	4,725	2,100	40	25
14. Engineering	49,655	12,100	470	140
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	22,130	10,975	190	50
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	14,760	8,510	125	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	18,360	10,115	195	25
48. Precision production	9,545	4,945	120	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	6,925	3,110	55	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	4,735	1,890	35	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,190	1,215	20	10
Health and related fields	72,205	36,310	630	255
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	4,895	3,680	50	20
51. Health professions and related programs	65,345	32,055	575	235
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,960	580	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	27,040	16,065	350	80
12. Personal and culinary services	15,110	8,035	195	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	70	30	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	120	45	10	0
43. Security and protective services	7,765	5,740	75	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	3,970	2,210	75	0
Other	30	20	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	30	20	10	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 129}	1,119,405	551,380	11,400	3,210
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	507,360	258,310	4,385	1,340
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 130}	612,040	293,065	7,015	1,870
Location of study inside Canada	372,740	238,415	5,330	1,310
Same as province or territory of residence	350,545	224,495	3,690	1,105
Different than province or territory of residence	22,205	13,920	1,640	205
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 131}	239,295	54,655	1,685	565
United States^{Footnote 132}	14,510	8,015	150	65
Philippines	21,430	4,125	10	0
India	78,210	15,330	40	50
United Kingdom^{Footnote 133}	12,165	7,850	120	55
China^{Footnote 134}	10,350	170	0	10
France	755	75	350	25
Other	101,880	19,090	1,015	370
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 135}	1,119,400	551,380	11,400	3,215
In the labour force	753,105	384,310	7,865	2,120
Employed	691,470	351,650	7,275	1,935
Unemployed	61,635	32,660	585	190
Not in the labour force	366,295	167,070	3,540	1,095
Participation rate	67.3	69.7	69.0	65.9
Employment rate	61.8	63.8	63.8	60.2
Unemployment rate	8.2	8.5	7.4	9.0
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 136}	1,119,405	551,380	11,400	3,215
Did not work^{Footnote 137}	359,125	160,900	3,415	1,110
Worked	760,275	390,480	7,985	2,100
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 138}	394,335	206,390	4,615	1,045
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 139}	365,940	184,090	3,370	1,060
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.3	43.4	40.7
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 140}	789,530	405,065	8,215	2,220
a.Management	78,670	43,230	1,125	190
00 Senior management occupations	7,550	4,690	170	20
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	30,325	17,410	435	80
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	25,520	12,960	340	75
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	15,275	8,170	180	10
b.Professional	137,690	68,265	1,810	525
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	33,815	17,395	400	140
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	41,170	15,175	460	130
30 Professional occupations in nursing	10,220	5,655	85	20
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	8,535	3,545	55	40
40 Professional occupations in education services	23,630	14,275	565	110
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	15,345	9,150	160	60
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	4,980	3,075	85	25
c.Technical and paraprofessional	65,685	35,910	680	200
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	23,300	10,835	240	55
32 Technical occupations in health	11,320	5,100	100	20
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	14,775	8,550	175	25
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	2,480	1,885	45	15
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	13,810	9,530	115	90
d.Administration and administrative support	112,610	64,190	1,425	435
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	40,745	24,170	565	190
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	8,375	4,370	100	25
14 Office support occupations	39,925	22,275	510	170
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	23,565	13,375	255	45
e.Sales	89,375	50,505	765	275
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	23,455	12,225	245	65
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	38,570	23,140	345	145
66 Sales support occupations	27,355	15,150	170	65
f.Personal and customer information services	123,260	63,460	1,320	395
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	9,320	4,975	45	10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	12,610	6,120	100	20
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	19,620	8,875	130	35
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	43,220	24,535	780	235
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	38,490	18,955	265	90
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	48,105	24,145	385	70
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	29,910	14,345	225	50
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	18,195	9,800	160	20
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	72,470	31,395	355	60
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	24,165	13,220	140	35
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	40,260	13,990	190	20
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	8,045	4,180	30	10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,880	4,080	50	20
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,090	725	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,070	580	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	3,720	2,780	40	15
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	55,785	19,880	295	55
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	4,980	2,100	30	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	13,865	4,955	80	15
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	15,050	5,205	65	20
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	21,885	7,625	125	15
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	789,530	405,070	8,215	2,220
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,470	1,280	10	10
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 142}	2,110	1,100	10	0
113 Forestry and logging	35	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	30	10	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	290	170	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	945	540	15	10
211 Oil and gas extraction	275	165	10	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	345	210	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	325	165	0	0
22 Utilities	3,230	1,665	35	15
221 Utilities	3,230	1,665	35	15
23 Construction	47,615	24,160	420	70
236 Construction of buildings	13,965	6,575	125	15
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	4,305	2,460	40	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	29,345	15,130	255	50
31-33 Manufacturing	95,635	39,930	895	170
311 Food manufacturing	14,180	5,105	160	30
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	1,650	985	20	0
313 Textile mills	280	130	0	0
314 Textile product mills	465	155	10	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	755	245	15	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	120	65	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	1,450	740	10	0
322 Paper manufacturing	2,495	1,350	10	0
323 Printing and related support activities	4,100	2,240	35	10
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	430	185	10	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	7,725	3,505	80	30
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	9,015	3,090	40	25
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	2,370	1,135	25	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	2,310	1,170	20	10
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	10,030	4,140	45	10
333 Machinery manufacturing	6,710	2,970	85	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	4,000	1,510	55	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	2,445	1,025	20	10
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	15,450	6,415	120	25
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	5,165	1,860	70	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	4,485	1,910	50	0
41 Wholesale trade	44,120	23,700	835	120
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	495	240	10	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	350	190	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	7,180	3,710	50	20
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	8,085	3,790	200	30
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	2,515	1,460	60	10
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	6,420	3,735	125	10
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	12,350	6,920	270	20
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	4,910	2,685	70	25
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	1,800	965	45	10
44-45 Retail trade	94,225	52,490	670	315
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	8,805	5,145	85	20
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	3,820	1,980	10	10
443 Electronics and appliance stores	4,305	2,220	30	10
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	5,135	3,320	65	10
445 Food and beverage stores	19,375	11,260	120	50
446 Health and personal care stores	9,065	4,160	70	55
447 Gasoline stations	2,120	535	10	10
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	14,275	7,835	70	75
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	3,910	2,750	15	15
452 General merchandise stores	14,250	8,150	135	25
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	5,205	3,075	30	15
454 Non-store retailers	3,950	2,060	25	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	73,830	32,030	735	160
481 Air transportation	4,785	2,535	210	50
482 Rail transportation	805	520	30	10
483 Water transportation	160	85	0	0
484 Truck transportation	25,620	7,945	135	30
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	10,220	3,855	50	0
486 Pipeline transportation	30	25	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	30	15	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	11,080	5,620	105	30
491 Postal service	3,665	1,920	50	10
492 Couriers and messengers	6,855	3,900	80	10
493 Warehousing and storage	10,570	5,610	70	0
51 Information and cultural industries	18,970	10,820	215	75
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	3,335	1,890	20	15
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	2,820	1,935	30	15
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	1,270	820	30	0
517 Telecommunications	8,660	4,525	115	40
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	1,420	745	10	10
519 Other information services	1,465	895	10	10
52 Finance and insurance	49,910	26,615	630	230
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	30	15	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	29,205	14,790	355	135
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	6,585	3,645	60	30
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	13,760	7,975	215	70
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	330	190	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	16,620	7,995	190	45
531 Real estate	13,795	6,315	125	25
532 Rental and leasing services	2,710	1,625	55	15
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	110	55	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	66,320	32,585	725	225
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	66,320	32,590	725	220
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,910	1,125	40	10
551 Management of companies and enterprises	1,910	1,120	45	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	47,090	23,660	525	125
561 Administrative and support services	45,660	22,775	500	125
562 Waste management and remediation services	1,425	880	30	0
61 Educational services	47,380	28,050	865	185
611 Educational services	47,380	28,050	865	185
62 Health care and social assistance	63,115	33,090	405	130
621 Ambulatory health care services	23,635	11,250	145	45
622 Hospitals	16,470	9,115	110	30
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	10,500	5,725	70	30
624 Social assistance	12,505	7,000	80	25
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	11,540	8,435	85	30
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	3,650	2,575	45	15
712 Heritage institutions	330	225	10	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	7,565	5,640	35	15
72 Accommodation and food services	47,820	24,445	315	140
721 Accommodation services	4,475	2,255	35	15
722 Food services and drinking places	43,345	22,190	280	120
81 Other services (except public administration)	30,340	14,615	255	35
811 Repair and maintenance	10,835	5,250	65	0
812 Personal and laundry services	10,210	4,650	90	10
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	6,370	3,870	95	15
814 Private households	2,935	845	10	10
91 Public administration	26,460	17,840	345	130
911 Federal government public administration	6,330	3,715	160	70
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	5,125	3,270	85	15
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	14,870	10,810	105	40
914 Aboriginal public administration	15	10	0	10
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	125	40	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 143}	691,470	351,650	7,275	1,930
Worked at home	38,220	19,175	545	110
Worked outside Canada	4,610	1,685	55	15
No fixed workplace address	83,895	37,840	760	225
Worked at usual place	564,745	292,950	5,915	1,580
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	789,535	405,070	8,220	2,220
English	751,980	400,530	6,110	1,675
French	2,185	680	860	40
Non-official language	14,305	405	15	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	14,305	405	10	10
English and French	4,050	1,045	1,175	445
English and non-official language	16,705	2,360	25	15
French and non-official language	25	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	285	45	30	45
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 145}	789,530	405,070	8,215	2,220
None	731,890	396,210	5,395	1,900
English	7,400	670	515	30
French	8,245	3,640	2,225	265
Non-official language	41,375	4,395	40	20
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	41,365	4,385	40	15
English and French	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	125	0	10	0
French and non-official language	485	155	35	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	564,745	292,950	5,915	1,580
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	253,315	130,160	2,600	705
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	103,625	53,900	1,145	255
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	206,565	108,200	2,145	615
Commute to a different province or territory	1,240	690	25	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 146}	648,640	330,790	6,675	1,800
Car, truck, van - as a driver	482,160	242,410	4,980	1,180
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	44,075	22,095	330	90
Public transit	100,595	54,030	1,145	405
Walked	14,210	8,265	120	60
Bicycle	1,900	1,225	25	10
Other method	5,690	2,765	70	55
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	648,640	330,785	6,680	1,800
Less than 15 minutes	92,285	50,780	835	255
15 to 29 minutes	213,075	103,725	2,175	525
30 to 44 minutes	165,815	82,250	1,715	485
45 to 59 minutes	74,120	39,655	870	195
60 minutes and over	103,340	54,375	1,090	345
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	648,640	330,790	6,675	1,805
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	47,960	24,335	410	60
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	113,970	57,825	1,170	245
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	161,200	87,595	2,180	560
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	127,150	64,450	1,555	330
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	83,390	37,635	585	280
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	114,975	58,950	775	315
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 149}	1,358,030	713,030	12,975	5,045
Non-movers	1,193,235	638,435	11,130	4,465
Movers	164,790	74,595	1,840	580
Non-migrants	92,470	44,480	845	330
Migrants	72,325	30,115	995	250
Internal migrants	47,120	23,985	765	150
Intraprovincial migrants	42,080	21,755	505	115
Interprovincial migrants	5,050	2,230	260	40
External migrants	25,200	6,130	235	100
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 150}	1,296,425	671,790	12,685	4,800
Non-movers	798,505	450,020	7,690	2,790
Movers	497,920	221,770	4,995	2,010
Non-migrants	270,380	131,555	2,185	1,140
Migrants	227,540	90,215	2,815	865
Internal migrants	131,905	68,040	1,930	605
Intraprovincial migrants	121,635	63,705	1,300	485
Interprovincial migrants	10,270	4,340	630	120
External migrants	95,635	22,170	880	260

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

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Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 21 referrer

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 64

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Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 133

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Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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