Sampling and Weighting Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016

Release date: September 11, 2018

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Table of contents

Introduction

1. Census data collection

1.1 Collection methodology
1.2 Questionnaires and forms
1.3 Collection response rate

2. Sampling

2.1 Long-form sample universe
2.2 Long-form sampling design

3. Census data processing

3.1 Introduction
3.2 Receipt and registration
3.3 Scanning and keying from images
3.4 Coverage edits, completion edits and failed edit follow-up
3.5 Coding
3.6 Classification and non-response adjustments for unoccupied and non-response dwellings
3.7 Obtaining income data
3.8 Non-response
3.9 Edit and imputation
3.10 Weighting
3.11 Final response rates

4. Estimation from the census long form sample

4.1 Considerations in the choice of an estimation procedure
4.2 Weighting areas
4.3 Design weights
4.4 Coverage and total non-response adjustment
4.5 Final calibration
4.6 Details on the selection of constraints

5. Evaluation of the weighting procedures

5.1 Distribution of the weights
5.2 Discrepancies between census counts and long-form estimates, Canada

6. Variance estimation

6.1 Elements to consider in choosing a variance estimation method
6.2 Variance estimator
6.3 Replicate weight adjustment

7. Conclusion

Appendix A – Glossary

Appendix B – The history of sampling in the Canadian census

Appendix C – Constraints used in or excluded from the weighting process

Appendix D – Wood Buffalo

Bibliography

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Note of appreciation

Canada owes the success of its statistical system to a long-standing partnership between Statistics Canada, the citizens of Canada, its businesses, governments and other institutions. Accurate and timely statistical information could not be produced without their continued co‑operation and goodwill.

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Copyright

Published by authority of the Minister responsible for Statistics Canada.

© Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada as represented by the Minister of Industry, 2018

All rights reserved. Use of this publication is governed by the Statistics Canada Open Licence Agreement.

Catalogue no. 98-306-X

Ottawa

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