Census Profile metadata
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Characteristics by topic and subtopic
| Topic | Subtopic | Characteristic |
|---|---|---|
| Population and dwelling counts | Population and dwellings | Population, 2021Footnote 1 |
| Population and dwelling counts | Population and dwellings | Population, 2016Footnote 1 |
| Population and dwelling counts | Population and dwellings | Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021 |
| Population and dwelling counts | Population and dwellings | Total private dwellingsFootnote 2 |
| Population and dwelling counts | Population and dwellings | Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsFootnote 3 |
| Population and dwelling counts | Population and dwellings | Population density per square kilometre |
| Population and dwelling counts | Population and dwellings | Land area in square kilometres |
| Age | Age characteristics | Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data |
| Age | Age characteristics | 0 to 14 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 0 to 4 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 5 to 9 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 10 to 14 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 15 to 64 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 15 to 19 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 20 to 24 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 25 to 29 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 30 to 34 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 35 to 39 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 40 to 44 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 45 to 49 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 50 to 54 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 55 to 59 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 60 to 64 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 65 years and over |
| Age | Age characteristics | 65 to 69 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 70 to 74 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 75 to 79 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 80 to 84 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 85 years and over |
| Age | Age characteristics | 85 to 89 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 90 to 94 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 95 to 99 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 100 years and over |
| Age | Age characteristics | Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data |
| Age | Age characteristics | 0 to 14 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 15 to 64 years |
| Age | Age characteristics | 65 years and over |
| Age | Age characteristics | 85 years and over |
| Age | Age characteristics | Average age of the population |
| Age | Age characteristics | Median age of the population |
| Type of dwelling | Household and dwelling characteristics | Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data |
| Type of dwelling | Household and dwelling characteristics | Single-detached house |
| Type of dwelling | Household and dwelling characteristics | Semi-detached house |
| Type of dwelling | Household and dwelling characteristics | Row house |
| Type of dwelling | Household and dwelling characteristics | Apartment or flat in a duplex |
| Type of dwelling | Household and dwelling characteristics | Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys |
| Type of dwelling | Household and dwelling characteristics | Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys |
| Type of dwelling | Household and dwelling characteristics | Other single-attached house |
| Type of dwelling | Household and dwelling characteristics | Movable dwellingFootnote 4 |
| Type of dwelling | Household and dwelling characteristics | Total - Private households by household size - 100% data |
| Type of dwelling | Household and dwelling characteristics | 1 person |
| Type of dwelling | Household and dwelling characteristics | 2 persons |
| Type of dwelling | Household and dwelling characteristics | 3 persons |
| Type of dwelling | Household and dwelling characteristics | 4 persons |
| Type of dwelling | Household and dwelling characteristics | 5 or more persons |
| Type of dwelling | Household and dwelling characteristics | Number of persons in private households |
| Type of dwelling | Household and dwelling characteristics | Average household size |
| Families, households, and marital status | Marital status | Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data |
| Families, households, and marital status | Marital status | Married or living common-law |
| Families, households, and marital status | Marital status | Married |
| Families, households, and marital status | Marital status | Living common-law |
| Families, households, and marital status | Marital status | Living common law - Never married |
| Families, households, and marital status | Marital status | Living common law - Separated |
| Families, households, and marital status | Marital status | Living common law - Divorced |
| Families, households, and marital status | Marital status | Living common law - Widowed |
| Families, households, and marital status | Marital status | Not married and not living common-law |
| Families, households, and marital status | Marital status | Not married and not living common law - Never married |
| Families, households, and marital status | Marital status | Not married and not living common law - Separated |
| Families, households, and marital status | Marital status | Not married and not living common law - Divorced |
| Families, households, and marital status | Marital status | Not married and not living common law - Widowed |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataFootnote 5 |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | 2 persons |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | 3 persons |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | 4 persons |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | 5 or more persons |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | Average size of census families |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | Average number of children in census families with childrenFootnote 6 |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | Total number of census families in private households - 100% data |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | Total couple families |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | Married couples |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | With childrenFootnote 6 |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | Without children |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | Common-law couples |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | With childrenFootnote 6 |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | Without children |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | Total one-parent families |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | in which the parent is a woman+ |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | in which the parent is a man+ |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | Total - Persons in private households - 100% data |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | Total - Persons in census families |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | Married spouses or common-law partners |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | Parents in one-parent families |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | ChildrenFootnote 6 |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | In a two-parent family |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | In a one-parent family |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | Living alone |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | Living with other relativesFootnote 7 |
| Families, households, and marital status | Family characteristics | Living with non-relatives only |
| Families, households, and marital status | Household type | Total - Household type - 100% data |
| Families, households, and marital status | Household type | One-census-family households without additional persons |
| Families, households, and marital status | Household type | Couple-family households |
| Families, households, and marital status | Household type | With childrenFootnote 6 |
| Families, households, and marital status | Household type | Without children |
| Families, households, and marital status | Household type | One-parent-family households |
| Families, households, and marital status | Household type | Multigenerational householdsFootnote 8 |
| Families, households, and marital status | Household type | Multiple-census-family householdsFootnote 9 |
| Families, households, and marital status | Household type | One-census-family households with additional personsFootnote 9 |
| Families, households, and marital status | Household type | Two-or-more-person non-census-family households |
| Families, households, and marital status | Household type | One-person households |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataFootnote 10 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 11 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 12 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample dataFootnote 13 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)Footnote 14 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)Footnote 15 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample dataFootnote 16 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample dataFootnote 17 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Market income (%)Footnote 18 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Employment income (%)Footnote 19 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Government transfers (%)Footnote 20 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Employment insurance benefits (%) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataFootnote 21 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Without total income |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | With total income |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Under $10,000 (including loss) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $10,000 to $19,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $20,000 to $29,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $30,000 to $39,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $40,000 to $49,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $50,000 to $59,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $60,000 to $69,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $70,000 to $79,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $80,000 to $89,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $90,000 to $99,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $100,000 and over |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $100,000 to $149,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $150,000 and over |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataFootnote 22 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Without after-tax income |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | With after-tax income |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Under $10,000 (including loss) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $10,000 to $19,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $20,000 to $29,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $30,000 to $39,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $40,000 to $49,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $50,000 to $59,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $60,000 to $69,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $70,000 to $79,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $80,000 to $89,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $90,000 to $99,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $100,000 and over |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $100,000 to $124,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $125,000 and over |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataFootnote 19 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Without employment income |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | With employment income |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | Under $5,000 (including loss) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $5,000 to $9,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $10,000 to $19,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $20,000 to $29,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $30,000 to $39,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $40,000 to $49,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $50,000 to $59,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $60,000 to $69,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $70,000 to $79,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $80,000 to $89,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $90,000 to $99,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $100,000 and over |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $100,000 to $124,999 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2020 | $125,000 and over |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataFootnote 23 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 24 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 25 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample dataFootnote 13 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)Footnote 14 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)Footnote 15 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample dataFootnote 16 |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Market income (%) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Employment income (%) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Government transfers (%) |
| Income | Income of individuals in 2019 | Employment insurance benefits (%) |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% dataFootnote 26 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Median total income of household in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 27 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Average total income of household in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% dataFootnote 21 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Under $5,000 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $5,000 to $9,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $10,000 to $14,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $15,000 to $19,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $20,000 to $24,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $25,000 to $29,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $30,000 to $34,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $35,000 to $39,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $40,000 to $44,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $45,000 to $49,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $50,000 to $59,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $60,000 to $69,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $70,000 to $79,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $80,000 to $89,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $90,000 to $99,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $100,000 and over |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $100,000 to $124,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $125,000 to $149,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $150,000 to $199,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $200,000 and over |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% dataFootnote 22 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | Under $5,000 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $5,000 to $9,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $10,000 to $14,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $15,000 to $19,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $20,000 to $24,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $25,000 to $29,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $30,000 to $34,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $35,000 to $39,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $40,000 to $44,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $45,000 to $49,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $50,000 to $59,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $60,000 to $69,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $70,000 to $79,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $80,000 to $89,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $90,000 to $99,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $100,000 and over |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $100,000 to $124,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $125,000 to $149,999 |
| Income | Income of households in 2020 | $150,000 and over |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% dataFootnote 28 |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Average family size of economic families |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Average family size of couple-only economic families |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Average family size of couple-with-children economic families |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Average family size of one-parent economic families |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataFootnote 29 |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Median total income in 2020 ($)Footnote 30 |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)Footnote 30 |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 31 |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 32 |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Average total income in 2020 ($)Footnote 30 |
| Income | Income of economic families in 2020 | Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)Footnote 30 |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% dataFootnote 33 |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 0 to 17 years |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 0 to 5 years |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 18 to 64 years |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 65 years and over |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 0 to 17 years |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 0 to 5 years |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 18 to 64 years |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 65 years and over |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%) |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 0 to 17 years (%) |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 0 to 5 years (%) |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 18 to 64 years (%) |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 65 years and over (%) |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% dataFootnote 33 |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 0 to 17 years |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 0 to 5 years |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 18 to 64 years |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 65 years and over |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 0 to 17 years |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 0 to 5 years |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 18 to 64 years |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 65 years and over |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%) |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 0 to 17 years (%) |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 0 to 5 years (%) |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 18 to 64 years (%) |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | 65 years and over (%) |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataFootnote 34 |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | In bottom half of the distribution |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | In bottom decile |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | In second decile |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | In third decile |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | In fourth decile |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | In fifth decile |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | In top half of the distribution |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | In sixth decile |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | In seventh decile |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | In eighth decile |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | In ninth decile |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | In top decile |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% dataFootnote 35 |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | Gini index on adjusted household total income |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | Gini index on adjusted household market income |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income |
| Income | Low income and income inequality in 2020 | P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income |
| Language | Knowledge of official languages | Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataFootnote 36 |
| Language | Knowledge of official languages | English only |
| Language | Knowledge of official languages | French only |
| Language | Knowledge of official languages | English and French |
| Language | Knowledge of official languages | Neither English nor French |
| Language | First official language spoken | Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataFootnote 37 |
| Language | First official language spoken | English |
| Language | First official language spoken | French |
| Language | First official language spoken | English and French |
| Language | First official language spoken | Neither English nor French |
| Language | Mother tongue | Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataFootnote 38 |
| Language | Mother tongue | Single responses |
| Language | Mother tongue | Official languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | English |
| Language | Mother tongue | French |
| Language | Mother tongue | Non-official languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Indigenous languagesFootnote 39 |
| Language | Mother tongue | Algonquian languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Blackfoot |
| Language | Mother tongue | Cree-Innu languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Atikamekw |
| Language | Mother tongue | Cree languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Ililimowin (Moose Cree) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Cree, n.o.s. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Innu (Montagnais) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Naskapi |
| Language | Mother tongue | Eastern Algonquian languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Mi'kmaq |
| Language | Mother tongue | Wolastoqewi (Malecite) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Ojibway-Potawatomi languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Oji-Cree |
| Language | Mother tongue | Ojibway languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Daawaamwin (Odawa) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Saulteau (Western Ojibway) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Ojibway, n.o.s. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Algonquian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Athabaskan languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Northern Athabaskan languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Dakelh (Carrier) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Dane-zaa (Beaver) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Dene, n.o.s. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Gwich'in |
| Language | Mother tongue | Slavey-Hare languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Slavey, n.o.s. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tahltan languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Kaska (Nahani) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tahltan |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tlicho (Dogrib) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tse'khene (Sekani) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tutchone languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Northern Tutchone |
| Language | Mother tongue | Southern Tutchone |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tutchone, n.o.s. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Wetsuwet'en-Babine |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tlingit |
| Language | Mother tongue | Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Haida |
| Language | Mother tongue | Inuktut (Inuit) languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Inuinnaqtun |
| Language | Mother tongue | Inuvialuktun |
| Language | Mother tongue | Inuktitut |
| Language | Mother tongue | Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Iroquoian languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Cayuga |
| Language | Mother tongue | Mohawk |
| Language | Mother tongue | Oneida |
| Language | Mother tongue | Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Ktunaxa (Kutenai) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Michif |
| Language | Mother tongue | Salish languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Halkomelem |
| Language | Mother tongue | Lillooet |
| Language | Mother tongue | Ntlakapamux (Thompson) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Squamish |
| Language | Mother tongue | Straits |
| Language | Mother tongue | Syilx (Okanagan) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Salish languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Siouan languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Assiniboine |
| Language | Mother tongue | Dakota |
| Language | Mother tongue | Stoney |
| Language | Mother tongue | Siouan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tsimshian languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Gitxsan (Gitksan) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Nisga'a |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tsimshian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Wakashan languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Haisla |
| Language | Mother tongue | Heiltsuk |
| Language | Mother tongue | Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Wakashan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Indigenous languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Indigenous languages, n.o.s. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Non-Indigenous languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Afro-Asiatic languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Berber languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Kabyle |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tamazight |
| Language | Mother tongue | Berber languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Chadic languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Hausa |
| Language | Mother tongue | Mina |
| Language | Mother tongue | Coptic |
| Language | Mother tongue | Cushitic languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Bilen |
| Language | Mother tongue | Oromo |
| Language | Mother tongue | Somali |
| Language | Mother tongue | Cushitic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Semitic languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Amharic |
| Language | Mother tongue | Arabic |
| Language | Mother tongue | Aramaic languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Assyrian Neo-Aramaic |
| Language | Mother tongue | Chaldean Neo-Aramaic |
| Language | Mother tongue | Aramaic, n.o.s. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Harari |
| Language | Mother tongue | Hebrew |
| Language | Mother tongue | Maltese |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tigrigna |
| Language | Mother tongue | Semitic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Austro-Asiatic languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Khmer (Cambodian) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Vietnamese |
| Language | Mother tongue | Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e |
| Language | Mother tongue | Austronesian languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Bikol |
| Language | Mother tongue | Bisaya, n.o.s. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Cebuano |
| Language | Mother tongue | Fijian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Hiligaynon |
| Language | Mother tongue | Ilocano |
| Language | Mother tongue | Indonesian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Kankanaey |
| Language | Mother tongue | Kinaray-a |
| Language | Mother tongue | Malagasy languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Merina |
| Language | Mother tongue | Malagasy, n.o.s. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Malay |
| Language | Mother tongue | Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Pangasinan |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Waray-Waray |
| Language | Mother tongue | Austronesian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Creole languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Haitian Creole |
| Language | Mother tongue | Jamaican English Creole |
| Language | Mother tongue | Krio |
| Language | Mother tongue | Morisyen |
| Language | Mother tongue | Sango |
| Language | Mother tongue | Creole, n.o.s. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Creole languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Dravidian languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Kannada |
| Language | Mother tongue | Malayalam |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tamil |
| Language | Mother tongue | Telugu |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tulu |
| Language | Mother tongue | Dravidian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Georgian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Hmong-Mien languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Indo-European languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Albanian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Armenian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Balto-Slavic languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Baltic languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Latvian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Lithuanian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Slavic languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Belarusian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Bulgarian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Czech |
| Language | Mother tongue | Macedonian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Polish |
| Language | Mother tongue | Russian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Rusyn |
| Language | Mother tongue | Serbo-Croatian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Bosnian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Croatian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Serbian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Slovak |
| Language | Mother tongue | Slovene (Slovenian) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Ukrainian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Slavic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Celtic languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Irish |
| Language | Mother tongue | Scottish Gaelic |
| Language | Mother tongue | Welsh |
| Language | Mother tongue | Celtic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Germanic languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Frisian |
| Language | Mother tongue | High German languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | German |
| Language | Mother tongue | Pennsylvania German |
| Language | Mother tongue | Swiss German |
| Language | Mother tongue | Yiddish |
| Language | Mother tongue | Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Afrikaans |
| Language | Mother tongue | Dutch |
| Language | Mother tongue | Low German, n.o.s. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Low Saxon |
| Language | Mother tongue | Plautdietsch |
| Language | Mother tongue | Vlaams (Flemish) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Scandinavian languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Danish |
| Language | Mother tongue | Icelandic |
| Language | Mother tongue | Norwegian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Swedish |
| Language | Mother tongue | Germanic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Greek |
| Language | Mother tongue | Indo-Iranian languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Indo-Aryan languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Assamese |
| Language | Mother tongue | Bengali |
| Language | Mother tongue | Gujarati |
| Language | Mother tongue | Hindi |
| Language | Mother tongue | Kacchi |
| Language | Mother tongue | Kashmiri |
| Language | Mother tongue | Konkani |
| Language | Mother tongue | Marathi |
| Language | Mother tongue | Nepali |
| Language | Mother tongue | Oriya languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Odia |
| Language | Mother tongue | Oriya, n.o.s. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Punjabi (Panjabi) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Rohingya |
| Language | Mother tongue | Sindhi |
| Language | Mother tongue | Sinhala (Sinhalese) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Urdu |
| Language | Mother tongue | Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Iranian languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Baluchi |
| Language | Mother tongue | Kurdish |
| Language | Mother tongue | Parsi |
| Language | Mother tongue | Pashto |
| Language | Mother tongue | Persian languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Dari |
| Language | Mother tongue | Iranian Persian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Iranian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Italic (Romance) languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Catalan |
| Language | Mother tongue | Italian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Portuguese |
| Language | Mother tongue | Romanian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Spanish |
| Language | Mother tongue | Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Indo-European languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Japanese |
| Language | Mother tongue | Korean |
| Language | Mother tongue | Mongolian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Niger-Congo languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Akan (Twi) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Bamanankan |
| Language | Mother tongue | Edo |
| Language | Mother tongue | Éwé |
| Language | Mother tongue | Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Ga |
| Language | Mother tongue | Ganda |
| Language | Mother tongue | Gikuyu |
| Language | Mother tongue | Igbo |
| Language | Mother tongue | Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Lingala |
| Language | Mother tongue | Luba-Kasai |
| Language | Mother tongue | Mòoré |
| Language | Mother tongue | Mwani |
| Language | Mother tongue | Ndebele |
| Language | Mother tongue | Rundi (Kirundi) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Shona |
| Language | Mother tongue | Soninke |
| Language | Mother tongue | Sotho-Tswana languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Swahili |
| Language | Mother tongue | Wojenaka |
| Language | Mother tongue | Wolof |
| Language | Mother tongue | Yoruba |
| Language | Mother tongue | Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Nilo-Saharan languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Dinka |
| Language | Mother tongue | Nuer |
| Language | Mother tongue | Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | African, n.o.s. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Sign languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | American Sign Language |
| Language | Mother tongue | Quebec Sign Language |
| Language | Mother tongue | Sign languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Sino-Tibetan languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Chinese languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Hakka |
| Language | Mother tongue | Mandarin |
| Language | Mother tongue | Min Dong |
| Language | Mother tongue | Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Wu (Shanghainese) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Yue (Cantonese) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Chinese, n.o.s. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Chinese languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tibeto-Burman languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Burmese |
| Language | Mother tongue | Kuki-Chin languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Karenic languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | S'gaw Karen |
| Language | Mother tongue | Karenic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tibetan |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tai-Kadai languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Lao |
| Language | Mother tongue | Thai |
| Language | Mother tongue | Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Turkic languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Azerbaijani |
| Language | Mother tongue | Kazakh |
| Language | Mother tongue | Turkish |
| Language | Mother tongue | Uyghur |
| Language | Mother tongue | Uzbek |
| Language | Mother tongue | Turkic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Uralic languages |
| Language | Mother tongue | Estonian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Finnish |
| Language | Mother tongue | Hungarian |
| Language | Mother tongue | Other languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Mother tongue | Multiple responses |
| Language | Mother tongue | English and French |
| Language | Mother tongue | English and non-official language(s) |
| Language | Mother tongue | French and non-official language(s) |
| Language | Mother tongue | English, French and non-official language(s) |
| Language | Mother tongue | Multiple non-official languages |
| Language | All languages spoken at home | Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataFootnote 40 |
| Language | All languages spoken at home | English |
| Language | All languages spoken at home | French |
| Language | All languages spoken at home | Non-official language |
| Language | All languages spoken at home | IndigenousFootnote 39 |
| Language | All languages spoken at home | Non-Indigenous |
| Language | All languages spoken at home | English and French |
| Language | All languages spoken at home | English and non-official language(s) |
| Language | All languages spoken at home | French and non-official language(s) |
| Language | All languages spoken at home | English, French and non-official language(s) |
| Language | All languages spoken at home | Multiple non-official languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataFootnote 41 |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Single responses |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Official languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | English |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | French |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Non-official languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Indigenous languagesFootnote 39 |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Algonquian languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Blackfoot |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Cree-Innu languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Atikamekw |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Cree languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Ililimowin (Moose Cree) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Cree, n.o.s. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Innu (Montagnais) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Naskapi |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Eastern Algonquian languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Mi'kmaq |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Wolastoqewi (Malecite) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Ojibway-Potawatomi languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Oji-Cree |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Ojibway languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Daawaamwin (Odawa) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Saulteau (Western Ojibway) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Ojibway, n.o.s. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Algonquian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Athabaskan languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Northern Athabaskan languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Dakelh (Carrier) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Dane-zaa (Beaver) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Dene, n.o.s. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Gwich'in |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Slavey-Hare languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Slavey, n.o.s. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tahltan languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Kaska (Nahani) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tahltan |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tlicho (Dogrib) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tse'khene (Sekani) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tutchone languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Northern Tutchone |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Southern Tutchone |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tutchone, n.o.s. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Wetsuwet'en-Babine |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tlingit |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Haida |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Inuktut (Inuit) languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Inuinnaqtun |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Inuvialuktun |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Inuktitut |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Iroquoian languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Cayuga |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Mohawk |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Oneida |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Ktunaxa (Kutenai) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Michif |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Salish languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Halkomelem |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Lillooet |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Ntlakapamux (Thompson) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Squamish |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Straits |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Syilx (Okanagan) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Salish languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Siouan languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Assiniboine |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Dakota |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Stoney |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Siouan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tsimshian languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Gitxsan (Gitksan) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Nisga'a |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tsimshian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Wakashan languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Haisla |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Heiltsuk |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Wakashan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Indigenous languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Indigenous languages, n.o.s. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Non-Indigenous languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Afro-Asiatic languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Berber languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Kabyle |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tamazight |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Berber languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Chadic languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Hausa |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Mina |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Coptic |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Cushitic languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Bilen |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Oromo |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Somali |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Cushitic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Semitic languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Amharic |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Arabic |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Aramaic languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Assyrian Neo-Aramaic |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Chaldean Neo-Aramaic |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Aramaic, n.o.s. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Harari |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Hebrew |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Maltese |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tigrigna |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Semitic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Austro-Asiatic languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Khmer (Cambodian) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Vietnamese |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Austronesian languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Bikol |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Bisaya, n.o.s. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Cebuano |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Fijian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Hiligaynon |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Ilocano |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Indonesian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Kankanaey |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Kinaray-a |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Malagasy languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Merina |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Malagasy, n.o.s. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Malay |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Pangasinan |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Waray-Waray |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Austronesian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Creole languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Haitian Creole |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Jamaican English Creole |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Krio |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Morisyen |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Sango |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Creole, n.o.s. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Creole languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Dravidian languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Kannada |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Malayalam |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tamil |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Telugu |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tulu |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Dravidian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Georgian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Hmong-Mien languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Indo-European languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Albanian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Armenian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Balto-Slavic languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Baltic languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Latvian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Lithuanian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Slavic languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Belarusian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Bulgarian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Czech |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Macedonian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Polish |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Russian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Rusyn |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Serbo-Croatian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Bosnian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Croatian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Serbian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Slovak |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Slovene (Slovenian) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Ukrainian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Slavic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Celtic languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Irish |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Scottish Gaelic |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Welsh |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Celtic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Germanic languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Frisian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | High German languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | German |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Pennsylvania German |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Swiss German |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Yiddish |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Afrikaans |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Dutch |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Low German, n.o.s. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Low Saxon |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Plautdietsch |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Vlaams (Flemish) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Scandinavian languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Danish |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Icelandic |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Norwegian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Swedish |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Germanic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Greek |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Indo-Iranian languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Indo-Aryan languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Assamese |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Bengali |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Gujarati |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Hindi |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Kacchi |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Kashmiri |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Konkani |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Marathi |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Nepali |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Oriya languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Odia |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Oriya, n.o.s. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Punjabi (Panjabi) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Rohingya |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Sindhi |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Sinhala (Sinhalese) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Urdu |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Iranian languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Baluchi |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Kurdish |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Parsi |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Pashto |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Persian languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Dari |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Iranian Persian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Iranian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Italic (Romance) languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Catalan |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Italian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Portuguese |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Romanian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Spanish |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Indo-European languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Japanese |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Korean |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Mongolian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Niger-Congo languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Akan (Twi) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Bamanankan |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Edo |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Éwé |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Ga |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Ganda |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Gikuyu |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Igbo |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Lingala |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Luba-Kasai |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Mòoré |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Mwani |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Ndebele |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Rundi (Kirundi) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Shona |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Soninke |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Sotho-Tswana languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Swahili |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Wojenaka |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Wolof |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Yoruba |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Nilo-Saharan languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Dinka |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Nuer |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | African, n.o.s. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Sign languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | American Sign Language |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Quebec Sign Language |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Sign languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Sino-Tibetan languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Chinese languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Hakka |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Mandarin |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Min Dong |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Wu (Shanghainese) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Yue (Cantonese) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Chinese, n.o.s. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Chinese languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tibeto-Burman languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Burmese |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Kuki-Chin languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Karenic languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | S'gaw Karen |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Karenic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tibetan |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tai-Kadai languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Lao |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Thai |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Turkic languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Azerbaijani |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Kazakh |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Turkish |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Uyghur |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Uzbek |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Turkic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Uralic languages |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Estonian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Finnish |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Hungarian |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Other languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Multiple responses |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | English and French |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | English and non-official language(s) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | French and non-official language(s) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | English, French and non-official language(s) |
| Language | Language spoken most often at home | Multiple non-official languages |
| Language | Other language spoken regularly at home | Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataFootnote 42 |
| Language | Other language spoken regularly at home | None |
| Language | Other language spoken regularly at home | English |
| Language | Other language spoken regularly at home | French |
| Language | Other language spoken regularly at home | Non-official language |
| Language | Other language spoken regularly at home | IndigenousFootnote 39 |
| Language | Other language spoken regularly at home | Non-Indigenous |
| Language | Other language spoken regularly at home | English and French |
| Language | Other language spoken regularly at home | English and non-official language(s) |
| Language | Other language spoken regularly at home | French and non-official language(s) |
| Language | Other language spoken regularly at home | English, French and non-official language(s) |
| Language | Other language spoken regularly at home | Multiple non-official languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 43 |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Official languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | English |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | French |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Non-official languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Indigenous languagesFootnote 39 |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Algonquian languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Blackfoot |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Cree-Innu languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Atikamekw |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Cree languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Ililimowin (Moose Cree) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Cree, n.o.s. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Innu (Montagnais) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Naskapi |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Eastern Algonquian languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Mi'kmaq |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Wolastoqewi (Malecite) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Ojibway-Potawatomi languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Oji-Cree |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Ojibway languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Daawaamwin (Odawa) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Saulteau (Western Ojibway) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Ojibway, n.o.s. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Algonquian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Athabaskan languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Northern Athabaskan languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Dakelh (Carrier) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Dane-zaa (Beaver) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Dene, n.o.s. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Gwich'in |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Slavey-Hare languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Slavey, n.o.s. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tahltan languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Kaska (Nahani) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tahltan |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tlicho (Dogrib) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tse'khene (Sekani) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tutchone languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Northern Tutchone |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Southern Tutchone |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tutchone, n.o.s. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Wetsuwet'en-Babine |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tlingit |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Haida |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Inuktut (Inuit) languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Inuinnaqtun |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Inuvialuktun |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Inuktitut |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Iroquoian languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Cayuga |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Mohawk |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Oneida |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Ktunaxa (Kutenai) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Michif |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Salish languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Halkomelem |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Lillooet |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Ntlakapamux (Thompson) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Squamish |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Straits |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Syilx (Okanagan) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Salish languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Siouan languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Assiniboine |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Dakota |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Stoney |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Siouan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tsimshian languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Gitxsan (Gitksan) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Nisga'a |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tsimshian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Wakashan languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Haisla |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Heiltsuk |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Wakashan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Indigenous languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Indigenous languages, n.o.s. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Non-Indigenous languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Afro-Asiatic languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Berber languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Kabyle |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tamazight |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Berber languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Chadic languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Hausa |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Mina |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Coptic |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Cushitic languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Bilen |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Oromo |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Somali |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Cushitic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Semitic languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Amharic |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Arabic |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Aramaic languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Assyrian Neo-Aramaic |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Chaldean Neo-Aramaic |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Aramaic, n.o.s. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Harari |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Hebrew |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Maltese |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tigrigna |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Semitic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Austro-Asiatic languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Khmer (Cambodian) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Vietnamese |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Austronesian languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Bikol |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Bisaya, n.o.s. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Cebuano |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Fijian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Hiligaynon |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Ilocano |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Indonesian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Kankanaey |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Kinaray-a |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Malagasy languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Merina |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Malagasy, n.o.s. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Malay |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Pangasinan |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Waray-Waray |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Austronesian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Creole languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Haitian Creole |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Jamaican English Creole |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Krio |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Morisyen |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Sango |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Creole, n.o.s. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Creole languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Dravidian languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Kannada |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Malayalam |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tamil |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Telugu |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tulu |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Dravidian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Georgian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Hmong-Mien languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Indo-European languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Albanian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Armenian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Balto-Slavic languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Baltic languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Latvian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Lithuanian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Slavic languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Belarusian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Bulgarian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Czech |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Macedonian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Polish |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Russian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Rusyn |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Serbo-Croatian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Bosnian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Croatian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Serbian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Slovak |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Slovene (Slovenian) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Ukrainian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Slavic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Celtic languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Irish |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Scottish Gaelic |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Welsh |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Celtic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Germanic languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Frisian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | High German languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | German |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Pennsylvania German |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Swiss German |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Yiddish |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Afrikaans |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Dutch |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Low German, n.o.s. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Low Saxon |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Plautdietsch |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Vlaams (Flemish) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Scandinavian languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Danish |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Icelandic |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Norwegian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Swedish |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Germanic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Greek |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Indo-Iranian languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Indo-Aryan languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Assamese |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Bengali |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Gujarati |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Hindi |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Kacchi |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Kashmiri |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Konkani |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Marathi |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Nepali |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Oriya languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Odia |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Oriya, n.o.s. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Punjabi (Panjabi) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Rohingya |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Sindhi |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Sinhala (Sinhalese) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Urdu |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Iranian languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Baluchi |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Kurdish |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Parsi |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Pashto |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Persian languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Dari |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Iranian Persian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Iranian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Italic (Romance) languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Catalan |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Italian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Portuguese |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Romanian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Spanish |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Indo-European languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Japanese |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Korean |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Mongolian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Niger-Congo languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Akan (Twi) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Bamanankan |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Edo |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Éwé |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Ga |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Ganda |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Gikuyu |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Igbo |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Lingala |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Luba-Kasai |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Mòoré |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Mwani |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Ndebele |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Rundi (Kirundi) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Shona |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Soninke |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Sotho-Tswana languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Swahili |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Wojenaka |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Wolof |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Yoruba |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Nilo-Saharan languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Dinka |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Nuer |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | African, n.o.s. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Sign languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | American Sign Language |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Quebec Sign Language |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Sign languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Sino-Tibetan languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Chinese languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Hakka |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Mandarin |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Min Dong |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Wu (Shanghainese) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Yue (Cantonese) |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Chinese, n.o.s. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Chinese languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tibeto-Burman languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Burmese |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Kuki-Chin languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Karenic languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | S'gaw Karen |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Karenic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tibetan |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tai-Kadai languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Lao |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Thai |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Turkic languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Azerbaijani |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Kazakh |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Turkish |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Uyghur |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Uzbek |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Turkic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Uralic languages |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Estonian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Finnish |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Hungarian |
| Language | Knowledge of languages | Other languages, n.i.e. |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous population | Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 44 |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous population | Indigenous identityFootnote 45 |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous population | Single Indigenous responsesFootnote 46 |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous population | First Nations (North American Indian) |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous population | Métis |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous population | Inuk (Inuit) |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous population | Multiple Indigenous responsesFootnote 47 |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous population | Indigenous responses not included elsewhereFootnote 48 |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous population | Non-Indigenous identity |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous population | Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 44 |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous population | Registered or Treaty IndianFootnote 49 |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous population | Not a Registered or Treaty Indian |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataFootnote 50 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Owner |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Renter |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataFootnote 51 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Condominium |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Not condominium |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataFootnote 52 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | No bedrooms |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 1 bedroom |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 2 bedrooms |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 3 bedrooms |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 4 or more bedrooms |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataFootnote 53 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 1 to 4 rooms |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 5 rooms |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 6 rooms |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 7 rooms |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 8 or more rooms |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Average number of rooms per dwelling |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataFootnote 54 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | One person or fewer per room |
| Housing | Household characteristics | More than one person per room |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataFootnote 55 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Suitable |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Not suitable |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataFootnote 56 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 1960 or before |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 1961 to 1980 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 1981 to 1990 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 1991 to 2000 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 2001 to 2005 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 2006 to 2010 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 2011 to 2015 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 2016 to 2021Footnote 57 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataFootnote 58 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Major repairs needed |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataFootnote 59 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | One-maintainer household |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Two-maintainer household |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Three-or-more-maintainer household |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataFootnote 60 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 15 to 24 years |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 25 to 34 years |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 35 to 44 years |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 45 to 54 years |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 55 to 64 years |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 65 to 74 years |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 75 to 84 years |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 85 years and over |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataFootnote 61 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 30% to less than 100% |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample dataFootnote 62 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed' |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Not suitable only |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Major repairs needed only |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed' |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed' |
| Housing | Household characteristics | 'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed' |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Acceptable housing |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample dataFootnote 63 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | In core need |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Not in core need |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data |
| Housing | Household characteristics | % of owner households with a mortgageFootnote 64 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | % of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsFootnote 61 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | % in core housing needFootnote 63 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Footnote 65 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Footnote 65 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Median value of dwellings ($)Footnote 66 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Average value of dwellings ($)Footnote 66 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data |
| Housing | Household characteristics | % of tenant households in subsidized housingFootnote 67 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | % of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsFootnote 61 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | % in core housing needFootnote 63 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Footnote 65 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Footnote 65 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data |
| Housing | Household characteristics | % of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costsFootnote 61 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)Footnote 65 |
| Housing | Household characteristics | Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)Footnote 65 |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 68 |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | Indigenous ancestry (only)Footnote 69 |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | Single Indigenous ancestry (only)Footnote 70 |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | Métis single ancestry |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | Inuit single ancestry |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)Footnote 71 |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | Métis and Inuit ancestry only |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestriesFootnote 72 |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestriesFootnote 73 |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestriesFootnote 74 |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only |
| Indigenous peoples | Indigenous ancestry | Non-Indigenous ancestry onlyFootnote 75 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Citizenship | Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 76 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Citizenship | Canadian citizensFootnote 77 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Citizenship | Canadian citizens aged under 18 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Citizenship | Canadian citizens aged 18 and over |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Citizenship | Not Canadian citizensFootnote 78 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Immigrant status and period of immigration | Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 79 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Immigrant status and period of immigration | Non-immigrantsFootnote 80 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Immigrant status and period of immigration | ImmigrantsFootnote 81 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Immigrant status and period of immigration | Before 1980 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Immigrant status and period of immigration | 1980 to 1990 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Immigrant status and period of immigration | 1991 to 2000 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Immigrant status and period of immigration | 2001 to 2010 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Immigrant status and period of immigration | 2011 to 2021Footnote 82 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Immigrant status and period of immigration | 2011 to 2015 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Immigrant status and period of immigration | 2016 to 2021 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Immigrant status and period of immigration | Non-permanent residentsFootnote 83 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Age at immigration | Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 84 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Age at immigration | Under 5 years |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Age at immigration | 5 to 14 years |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Age at immigration | 15 to 24 years |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Age at immigration | 25 to 44 years |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Age at immigration | 45 years and over |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 85 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Americas |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Brazil |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Colombia |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | El Salvador |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Guyana |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Haiti |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Jamaica |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Mexico |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Peru |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Trinidad and Tobago |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | United States of America |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Other places of birth in Americas |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Europe |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Croatia |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | France |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Germany |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Greece |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Hungary |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Italy |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Netherlands |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Poland |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Portugal |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Romania |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Russian Federation |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | SerbiaFootnote 86 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Ukraine |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | United KingdomFootnote 87 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Other places of birth in Europe |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Africa |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Algeria |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Congo, Democratic Republic of the |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Egypt |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Eritrea |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Ethiopia |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Morocco |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Nigeria |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Somalia |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | South Africa, Republic of |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Other places of birth in Africa |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Asia |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Afghanistan |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | IranFootnote 88 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Iraq |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Lebanon |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | SyriaFootnote 89 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Turkey |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | ChinaFootnote 90 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Hong KongFootnote 91 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Korea, SouthFootnote 92 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Taiwan |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Philippines |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Viet Nam |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Bangladesh |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | India |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Pakistan |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Sri Lanka |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Other places of birth in Asia |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the immigrant population | Oceania and other places of birthFootnote 93 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 94 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Americas |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Brazil |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Colombia |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Haiti |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Jamaica |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Mexico |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | United States of America |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | VenezuelaFootnote 95 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Other places of birth in Americas |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Europe |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | France |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Germany |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | IrelandFootnote 96 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Italy |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Russian Federation |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Ukraine |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | United KingdomFootnote 87 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Other places of birth in Europe |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Africa |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Algeria |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Burundi |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Cameroon |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Congo, Democratic Republic of the |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Côte d'Ivoire |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Egypt |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Eritrea |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Ethiopia |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Morocco |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Nigeria |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Somalia |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | South Africa, Republic of |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | SudanFootnote 97 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Tunisia |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Other places of birth in Africa |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Asia |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Afghanistan |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Bangladesh |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | ChinaFootnote 90 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Hong KongFootnote 91 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | India |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | IranFootnote 88 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Iraq |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Israel |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Japan |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Jordan |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Korea, SouthFootnote 92 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Lebanon |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Nepal |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Pakistan |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Philippines |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Saudi Arabia |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Sri Lanka |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | SyriaFootnote 89 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Turkey |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | United Arab Emirates |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Viet Nam |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Other places of birth in Asia |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Oceania and otherFootnote 93 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Australia |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population | Other places of birthFootnote 98 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Generation status | Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 99 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Generation status | First generationFootnote 100 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Generation status | Second generationFootnote 101 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Generation status | Third generation or moreFootnote 102 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Admission category and applicant type | Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample dataFootnote 103 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Admission category and applicant type | Economic immigrantsFootnote 104 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Admission category and applicant type | Principal applicantsFootnote 105 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Admission category and applicant type | Secondary applicantsFootnote 106 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Admission category and applicant type | Immigrants sponsored by familyFootnote 107 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Admission category and applicant type | RefugeesFootnote 108 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Admission category and applicant type | Other immigrantsFootnote 109 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Pre-admission experience | Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample dataFootnote 110 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Pre-admission experience | Asylum claim before admissionFootnote 111 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Pre-admission experience | Work permits only before admissionFootnote 112 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Pre-admission experience | Study permits only before admissionFootnote 113 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Pre-admission experience | Work and study permits before admissionFootnote 114 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Pre-admission experience | Other permits before admissionFootnote 115 |
| Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship | Pre-admission experience | No pre-admission experienceFootnote 116 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Visible minority | Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 117 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Visible minority | Total visible minority populationFootnote 118 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Visible minority | South Asian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Visible minority | Chinese |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Visible minority | Black |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Visible minority | Filipino |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Visible minority | Arab |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Visible minority | Latin American |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Visible minority | Southeast Asian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Visible minority | West Asian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Visible minority | Korean |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Visible minority | Japanese |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Visible minority | Visible minority, n.i.e.Footnote 119 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Visible minority | Multiple visible minorities |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Visible minority | Not a visible minorityFootnote 120 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 121 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Canadian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | English |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Irish |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Scottish |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | French, n.o.s.Footnote 122 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | German |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Chinese |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Italian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Indian (India) |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Ukrainian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Dutch |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Polish |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Québécois |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | British Isles, n.o.s.Footnote 123 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Filipino |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | French Canadian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Caucasian (White), n.o.s.Footnote 124 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.Footnote 125 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Métis |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | European, n.o.s.Footnote 126 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Russian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Norwegian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Welsh |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Portuguese |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | American |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Spanish |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Swedish |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Hungarian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Acadian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Pakistani |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | African, n.o.s.Footnote 127 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Jewish |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Punjabi |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Vietnamese |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Arab, n.o.s.Footnote 128 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Greek |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Jamaican |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Asian, n.o.s.Footnote 129 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Cree, n.o.s.Footnote 130 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Korean |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Romanian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Lebanese |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Iranian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Christian, n.i.e.Footnote 131 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Danish |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | North American Indigenous, n.o.s.Footnote 132 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Sikh |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Austrian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Belgian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Haitian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Hindu |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Mexican |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Mennonite |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Swiss |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Finnish |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Sri Lankan |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Croatian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Japanese |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | South Asian, n.o.s.Footnote 133 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.Footnote 134 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Northern European, n.o.s.Footnote 135 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Muslim |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Egyptian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.Footnote 136 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Tamil |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Icelandic |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Colombian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Moroccan |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Czech |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Syrian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Guyanese |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Afghan |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Black, n.o.s.Footnote 137 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Serbian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Ojibway |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Newfoundlander |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Hong Konger |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Ontarian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Persian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Trinidadian/Tobagonian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Turkish |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Inuit, n.o.s.Footnote 138 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Bangladeshi |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Algerian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Brazilian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Nigerian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Armenian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Slovak |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Eastern European, n.o.s.Footnote 139 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Somali |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Taiwanese |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Iraqi |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Salvadorean |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | African Caribbean |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.Footnote 140 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.Footnote 141 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Caribbean, n.o.s.Footnote 142 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Algonquin |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | West Indian, n.o.s.Footnote 143 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Lithuanian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | South African |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Australian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Palestinian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Chilean |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Congolese |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Nova Scotian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Ethiopian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Hispanic, n.o.s.Footnote 144 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Peruvian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Yoruba |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Cambodian (Khmer) |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Berber |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Albanian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Maltese |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Macedonian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Slovenian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Western European, n.o.s.Footnote 145 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | New Brunswicker |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Gujarati |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Eritrean |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | African Canadian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Israeli |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Mohawk |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Footnote 146 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Bulgarian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Albertan |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Ghanaian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Barbadian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | African American |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Footnote 147 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Tunisian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Slavic, n.o.s.Footnote 148 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Cuban |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Bosnian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Venezuelan |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.Footnote 149 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Latvian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Bengali |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Cameroonian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Guatemalan |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Indonesian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Laotian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Ilocano |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Northern Irish |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Celtic, n.o.s.Footnote 150 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | British Columbian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Ecuadorian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Franco Ontarian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Argentinian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Estonian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Kurdish |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Fijian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Jatt |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | North American, n.o.s.Footnote 151 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Coptic |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Thai |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Dominican |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Nepali |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Kabyle |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Assyrian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Igbo |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Byelorussian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Dene, n.o.s.Footnote 152 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Blackfoot, n.o.s.Footnote 153 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Abenaki |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Moldovan |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.Footnote 154 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | New Zealander |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Sudanese |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Breton |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Pennsylvania Dutch |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Malaysian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Plains Cree |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | North African, n.o.s.Footnote 155 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Huron (Wendat) |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Saskatchewanian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Buddhist |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Gaspesian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Norman |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Southern or East African, n.o.s.Footnote 156 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Ivorian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Saulteaux |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Anishinaabe, n.o.s.Footnote 157 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Burundian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Tigrinya |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Nicaraguan |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Mauritian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Kenyan |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Oji-Cree |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Vincentian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Jordanian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Manitoban |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Cape Bretoner |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Rwandan |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Grenadian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Malayali |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Chaldean |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Sinhalese |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Mayan |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Honduran |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Cherokee |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Qalipu Mi'kmaq |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Indo-Caribbean |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Flemish |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | United Empire Loyalist |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Senegalese |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Azerbaijani |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Sicilian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Pashtun |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Malay |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Goan |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Bantu, n.o.s.Footnote 158 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Tibetan |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Zimbabwean |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Burmese |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Mongolian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Azorean |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Atikamekw |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Bamileke |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Indo-Guyanese |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Ugandan |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Oromo |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Tanzanian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Yemeni |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Central African |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Libyan |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Basque |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Uruguayan |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Akan, n.o.s.Footnote 159 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Central or West African, n.o.s.Footnote 160 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Igorot |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Fulani |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Woodland Cree |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Guinean |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | St. Lucian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Prince Edward Islander |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Maliseet |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Beninese |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Telugu |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Roma |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Costa Rican |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | African Nova Scotian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Malagasy |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Kashmiri |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Singaporean |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Karen |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Edo |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Tajik |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Amhara |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Ethnic or cultural origin | Paraguayan |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 161 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Buddhist |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Christian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Christian, n.o.s.Footnote 162 |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Anabaptist |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Anglican |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Baptist |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Catholic |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Christian Orthodox |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Jehovah's Witness |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Latter Day Saints |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Lutheran |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness) |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Pentecostal and other Charismatic |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Presbyterian |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Reformed |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | United Church |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Other Christian and Christian-related traditions |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Hindu |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Jewish |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Muslim |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Sikh |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | Other religions and spiritual traditions |
| Ethnocultural and religious diversity | Religion | No religion and secular perspectives |
| Mobility and migration | Mobility status 1 year ago | Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataFootnote 163 |
| Mobility and migration | Mobility status 1 year ago | Non-movers |
| Mobility and migration | Mobility status 1 year ago | Movers |
| Mobility and migration | Mobility status 1 year ago | Non-migrants |
| Mobility and migration | Mobility status 1 year ago | Migrants |
| Mobility and migration | Mobility status 1 year ago | Internal migrants |
| Mobility and migration | Mobility status 1 year ago | Intraprovincial migrants |
| Mobility and migration | Mobility status 1 year ago | Interprovincial migrants |
| Mobility and migration | Mobility status 1 year ago | External migrants |
| Mobility and migration | Mobility status 5 years ago | Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataFootnote 164 |
| Mobility and migration | Mobility status 5 years ago | Non-movers |
| Mobility and migration | Mobility status 5 years ago | Movers |
| Mobility and migration | Mobility status 5 years ago | Non-migrants |
| Mobility and migration | Mobility status 5 years ago | Migrants |
| Mobility and migration | Mobility status 5 years ago | Internal migrants |
| Mobility and migration | Mobility status 5 years ago | Intraprovincial migrants |
| Mobility and migration | Mobility status 5 years ago | Interprovincial migrants |
| Mobility and migration | Mobility status 5 years ago | External migrants |
| Education | Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate | Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 165 |
| Education | Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate | No high school diploma or equivalency certificate |
| Education | Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate | With high school diploma or equivalency certificateFootnote 166 |
| Education | Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate | Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 165 |
| Education | Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate | No high school diploma or equivalency certificate |
| Education | Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate | With high school diploma or equivalency certificateFootnote 166 |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 165 |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | No certificate, diploma or degree |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificateFootnote 167 |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diplomaFootnote 168 |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Apprenticeship certificateFootnote 169 |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diplomaFootnote 170 |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | University certificate or diploma below bachelor level |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Bachelor's degree or higher |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Bachelor's degree |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | University certificate or diploma above bachelor level |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Master's degree |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Earned doctorateFootnote 171 |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 165 |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | No certificate, diploma or degree |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificateFootnote 167 |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diplomaFootnote 168 |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Apprenticeship certificateFootnote 169 |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diplomaFootnote 170 |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | University certificate or diploma below bachelor level |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Bachelor's degree or higher |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Bachelor's degree |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | University certificate or diploma above bachelor level |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Master's degree |
| Education | Highest certificate, diploma or degree | Earned doctorateFootnote 171 |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 172 |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeFootnote 173 |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Education |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 13. Education |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 50. Visual and performing arts |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Humanities |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 23. English language and literature/letters |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesFootnote 174 |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 38. Philosophy and religious studies |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 39. Theology and religious vocations |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 54. History |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 55. French language and literature/lettersCAN |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Social and behavioural sciences and law |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 09. Communication, journalism and related programs |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 22. Legal professions and studies |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesFootnote 175 |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 42. Psychology |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 45. Social sciences |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Business, management and public administration |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 30.16 Accounting and computer science |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 44. Public administration and social service professions |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 52. Business, management, marketing and related support services |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Physical and life sciences and technologies |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 26. Biological and biomedical sciences |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 30.01 Biological and physical sciences |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesFootnote 176 |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 40. Physical sciences |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 41. Science technologies/technicians |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Mathematics, computer and information sciences |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 11. Computer and information sciences and support services |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 25. Library science |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 27. Mathematics and statistics |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesFootnote 177 |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Architecture, engineering, and related trades |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 04. Architecture and related services |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 14. Engineering |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 30.12 Historic preservation and conservation |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 46. Construction trades |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 48. Precision production |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Agriculture, natural resources and conservation |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fieldsFootnote 178 |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 03. Natural resources and conservation |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Health and related fields |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 30.37 Design for human health |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 51. Health professions and related programsFootnote 178 |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 61. Medical residency/fellowship programs |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Personal, protective and transportation services |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 28. Military science, leadership and operational art |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 29. Military technologies and applied sciences |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 43. Security and protective services |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 49. Transportation and materials moving |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | OtherFootnote 179 |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 172 |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeFootnote 173 |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Education |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 13. Education |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 50. Visual and performing arts |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Humanities |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 23. English language and literature/letters |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesFootnote 174 |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 38. Philosophy and religious studies |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 39. Theology and religious vocations |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 54. History |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 55. French language and literature/lettersCAN |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Social and behavioural sciences and law |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 09. Communication, journalism and related programs |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 22. Legal professions and studies |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesFootnote 175 |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 42. Psychology |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 45. Social sciences |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Business, management and public administration |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 30.16 Accounting and computer science |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 44. Public administration and social service professions |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 52. Business, management, marketing and related support services |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Physical and life sciences and technologies |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 26. Biological and biomedical sciences |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 30.01 Biological and physical sciences |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesFootnote 176 |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 40. Physical sciences |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 41. Science technologies/technicians |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Mathematics, computer and information sciences |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 11. Computer and information sciences and support services |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 25. Library science |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 27. Mathematics and statistics |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesFootnote 177 |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Architecture, engineering, and related trades |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 04. Architecture and related services |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 14. Engineering |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 30.12 Historic preservation and conservation |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 46. Construction trades |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 48. Precision production |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Agriculture, natural resources and conservation |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fieldsFootnote 178 |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 03. Natural resources and conservation |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Health and related fields |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 30.37 Design for human health |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 51. Health professions and related programsFootnote 178 |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 61. Medical residency/fellowship programs |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | Personal, protective and transportation services |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 28. Military science, leadership and operational art |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 29. Military technologies and applied sciences |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 43. Security and protective services |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | 49. Transportation and materials moving |
| Education | Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 | OtherFootnote 179 |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 180 |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeFootnote 181 |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Location of study inside Canada |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Same as province or territory of residence |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Different than province or territory of residence |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Location of study outside CanadaFootnote 182 |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Americas |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | United States of America |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Mexico |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Cuba |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Haiti |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Jamaica |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Brazil |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Colombia |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Peru |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | VenezuelaFootnote 95 |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Other locations of study in Americas |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Europe |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Belgium |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | France |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Germany |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Netherlands |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Switzerland |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Hungary |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | MoldovaFootnote 183 |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Poland |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Romania |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Russian Federation |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Ukraine |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | IrelandFootnote 96 |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | United KingdomFootnote 87 |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Italy |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | SerbiaFootnote 86 |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Other locations of study in Europe |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Africa |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Nigeria |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Algeria |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Morocco |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Tunisia |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Egypt |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | South Africa, Republic of |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Other locations of study in Africa |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Asia |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | IranFootnote 88 |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Iraq |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Israel |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Lebanon |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | SyriaFootnote 89 |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Turkey |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | ChinaFootnote 90 |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Taiwan |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Hong KongFootnote 91 |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Japan |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Korea, SouthFootnote 92 |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Philippines |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Viet Nam |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Bangladesh |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Sri Lanka |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | India |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Pakistan |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Other locations of study in Asia |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Oceania |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Australia |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | New Zealand |
| Education | Location of study compared with province or territory of residence | Other locations of study in Oceania |
| Labour | Labour force status | Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample dataFootnote 184 |
| Labour | Labour force status | In the labour force |
| Labour | Labour force status | Employed |
| Labour | Labour force status | Unemployed |
| Labour | Labour force status | Not in the labour force |
| Labour | Labour force status | Participation rate |
| Labour | Labour force status | Employment rate |
| Labour | Labour force status | Unemployment rate |
| Labour | Work activity during the reference year | Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataFootnote 185 |
| Labour | Work activity during the reference year | Did not workFootnote 186 |
| Labour | Work activity during the reference year | Worked |
| Labour | Work activity during the reference year | Worked full year full timeFootnote 187 |
| Labour | Work activity during the reference year | Worked part year and/or part timeFootnote 188 |
| Labour | Work activity during the reference year | Average weeks worked in reference year |
| Labour | Class of worker including job permanency | Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample dataFootnote 189 |
| Labour | Class of worker including job permanency | Class of worker - not applicableFootnote 190 |
| Labour | Class of worker including job permanency | All classes of workersFootnote 191 |
| Labour | Class of worker including job permanency | Employee |
| Labour | Class of worker including job permanency | Permanent position |
| Labour | Class of worker including job permanency | Temporary position |
| Labour | Class of worker including job permanency | Fixed term (1 year or more) |
| Labour | Class of worker including job permanency | Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year) |
| Labour | Class of worker including job permanency | Self-employedFootnote 192 |
| Labour | Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 | Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample dataFootnote 193 |
| Labour | Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 | Occupation - not applicableFootnote 190 |
| Labour | Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 | All occupationsFootnote 191 |
| Labour | Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 | 0 Legislative and senior management occupations |
| Labour | Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 | 1 Business, finance and administration occupations |
| Labour | Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 | 2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations |
| Labour | Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 | 3 Health occupations |
| Labour | Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 | 4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services |
| Labour | Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 | 5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport |
| Labour | Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 | 6 Sales and service occupations |
| Labour | Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 | 7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations |
| Labour | Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 | 8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations |
| Labour | Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 | 9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample dataFootnote 194 |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | Industry - not applicableFootnote 190 |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | All industriesFootnote 191 |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 22 Utilities |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 23 Construction |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 31-33 Manufacturing |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 41 Wholesale trade |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 44-45 Retail trade |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 48-49 Transportation and warehousing |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 51 Information and cultural industries |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 52 Finance and insurance |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 53 Real estate and rental and leasing |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 54 Professional, scientific and technical services |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 55 Management of companies and enterprises |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 61 Educational services |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 62 Health care and social assistance |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 71 Arts, entertainment and recreation |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 72 Accommodation and food services |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 81 Other services (except public administration) |
| Labour | Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 | 91 Public administration |
| Language of work | All languages used at work | Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample dataFootnote 195 |
| Language of work | All languages used at work | English |
| Language of work | All languages used at work | French |
| Language of work | All languages used at work | Non-official language |
| Language of work | All languages used at work | IndigenousFootnote 39 |
| Language of work | All languages used at work | Non-Indigenous |
| Language of work | All languages used at work | English and French |
| Language of work | All languages used at work | English and non-official language(s) |
| Language of work | All languages used at work | French and non-official language(s) |
| Language of work | All languages used at work | English, French and non-official language(s) |
| Language of work | All languages used at work | Multiple non-official languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample dataFootnote 196 |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Single responses |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Official languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | English |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | French |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Non-official languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Indigenous languagesFootnote 39 |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Algonquian languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Blackfoot |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Cree-Innu languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Atikamekw |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Cree languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Ililimowin (Moose Cree) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Cree, n.o.s. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Innu (Montagnais) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Naskapi |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Eastern Algonquian languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Mi'kmaq |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Wolastoqewi (Malecite) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Ojibway-Potawatomi languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Oji-Cree |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Ojibway languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Daawaamwin (Odawa) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Saulteau (Western Ojibway) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Ojibway, n.o.s. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Algonquian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Athabaskan languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Northern Athabaskan languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Dakelh (Carrier) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Dane-zaa (Beaver) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Dene, n.o.s. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Gwich'in |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Slavey-Hare languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Slavey, n.o.s. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tahltan languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tlicho (Dogrib) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tse'khene (Sekani) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tutchone languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Northern Tutchone |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Southern Tutchone |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tutchone, n.o.s. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Wetsuwet'en-Babine |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tlingit |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Haida |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Inuktut (Inuit) languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Inuinnaqtun |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Inuvialuktun |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Inuktitut |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Iroquoian languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Mohawk |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Oneida |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Ktunaxa (Kutenai) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Michif |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Salish languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Halkomelem |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Lillooet |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Ntlakapamux (Thompson) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Squamish |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Straits |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Syilx (Okanagan) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Salish languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Siouan languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Assiniboine |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Dakota |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Stoney |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Siouan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tsimshian languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Gitxsan (Gitksan) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Nisga'a |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tsimshian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Wakashan languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Haisla |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Heiltsuk |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Wakashan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Indigenous languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Indigenous languages, n.o.s. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Non-Indigenous languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Afro-Asiatic languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Berber languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Kabyle |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tamazight |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Berber languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Chadic languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Coptic |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Cushitic languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Bilen |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Oromo |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Somali |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Cushitic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Semitic languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Amharic |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Arabic |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Aramaic languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Assyrian Neo-Aramaic |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Chaldean Neo-Aramaic |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Aramaic, n.o.s. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Hebrew |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tigrigna |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Semitic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Austro-Asiatic languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Khmer (Cambodian) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Vietnamese |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Austronesian languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Bikol |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Bisaya, n.o.s. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Cebuano |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Hiligaynon |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Ilocano |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Indonesian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Kankanaey |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Malagasy languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Malay |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Pangasinan |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Austronesian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Creole languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Haitian Creole |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Jamaican English Creole |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Morisyen |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Creole, n.o.s. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Creole languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Dravidian languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Kannada |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Malayalam |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tamil |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Telugu |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Dravidian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Georgian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Indo-European languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Albanian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Armenian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Balto-Slavic languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Baltic languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Latvian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Lithuanian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Slavic languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Bulgarian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Czech |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Macedonian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Polish |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Russian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Serbo-Croatian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Bosnian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Croatian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Serbian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Slovak |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Slovene (Slovenian) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Ukrainian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Slavic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Celtic languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Scottish Gaelic |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Celtic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Germanic languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Frisian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | High German languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | German |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Pennsylvania German |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Swiss German |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Yiddish |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Afrikaans |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Dutch |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Low German, n.o.s. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Low Saxon |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Plautdietsch |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Vlaams (Flemish) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Scandinavian languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Danish |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Icelandic |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Norwegian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Swedish |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Germanic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Greek |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Indo-Iranian languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Indo-Aryan languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Bengali |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Gujarati |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Hindi |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Kacchi |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Marathi |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Nepali |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Punjabi (Panjabi) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Sindhi |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Sinhala (Sinhalese) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Urdu |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Iranian languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Kurdish |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Pashto |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Persian languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Dari |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Iranian Persian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Iranian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Italic (Romance) languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Catalan |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Italian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Portuguese |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Romanian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Spanish |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Indo-European languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Japanese |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Korean |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Mongolian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Niger-Congo languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Akan (Twi) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Edo |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Ga |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Ganda |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Igbo |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Lingala |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Rundi (Kirundi) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Shona |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Swahili |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Wolof |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Yoruba |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Nilo-Saharan languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Dinka |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Sign languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | American Sign Language |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Quebec Sign Language |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Sign languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Sino-Tibetan languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Chinese languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Hakka |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Mandarin |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Min Dong |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Wu (Shanghainese) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Yue (Cantonese) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Chinese, n.o.s. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Chinese languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tibeto-Burman languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Burmese |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Karenic languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | S'gaw Karen |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Karenic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tibetan |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tai-Kadai languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Lao |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Thai |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Turkic languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Azerbaijani |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Turkish |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Uyghur |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Uzbek |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Turkic languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Uralic languages |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Estonian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Finnish |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Hungarian |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Other languages, n.i.e. |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Multiple responses |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | English and French |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | English and non-official language(s) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | French and non-official language(s) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | English, French and non-official language(s) |
| Language of work | Language used most often at work | Multiple non-official languages |
| Language of work | Other language(s) used regularly at work | Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample dataFootnote 197 |
| Language of work | Other language(s) used regularly at work | None |
| Language of work | Other language(s) used regularly at work | English |
| Language of work | Other language(s) used regularly at work | French |
| Language of work | Other language(s) used regularly at work | Non-official language |
| Language of work | Other language(s) used regularly at work | IndigenousFootnote 39 |
| Language of work | Other language(s) used regularly at work | Non-Indigenous |
| Language of work | Other language(s) used regularly at work | English and French |
| Language of work | Other language(s) used regularly at work | English and non-official language(s) |
| Language of work | Other language(s) used regularly at work | French and non-official language(s) |
| Language of work | Other language(s) used regularly at work | English, French and non-official language(s) |
| Language of work | Other language(s) used regularly at work | Multiple non-official languages |
| Commuting | Place of work status | Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample dataFootnote 198 |
| Commuting | Place of work status | Worked at home |
| Commuting | Place of work status | Worked outside Canada |
| Commuting | Place of work status | No fixed workplace address |
| Commuting | Place of work status | Usual place of work |
| Commuting | Commuting destination | Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample dataFootnote 199 |
| Commuting | Commuting destination | Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence |
| Commuting | Commuting destination | Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence |
| Commuting | Commuting destination | Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence |
| Commuting | Commuting destination | Commute to a different province or territory |
| Commuting | Main mode of commuting | Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataFootnote 200 |
| Commuting | Main mode of commuting | Car, truck or van |
| Commuting | Main mode of commuting | Car, truck or van - as a driver |
| Commuting | Main mode of commuting | Car, truck or van - as a passenger |
| Commuting | Main mode of commuting | Public transit |
| Commuting | Main mode of commuting | Walked |
| Commuting | Main mode of commuting | Bicycle |
| Commuting | Main mode of commuting | Other method |
| Commuting | Commuting duration | Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataFootnote 201 |
| Commuting | Commuting duration | Less than 15 minutes |
| Commuting | Commuting duration | 15 to 29 minutes |
| Commuting | Commuting duration | 30 to 44 minutes |
| Commuting | Commuting duration | 45 to 59 minutes |
| Commuting | Commuting duration | 60 minutes and over |
| Commuting | Time leaving for work | Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataFootnote 202 |
| Commuting | Time leaving for work | Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m. |
| Commuting | Time leaving for work | Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m. |
| Commuting | Time leaving for work | Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m. |
| Commuting | Time leaving for work | Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m. |
| Commuting | Time leaving for work | Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. |
| Commuting | Time leaving for work | Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m. |
| Instruction in the minority official language | Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language | Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% dataFootnote 203 |
| Instruction in the minority official language | Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language | Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language |
| Instruction in the minority official language | Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language | Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language |
| Instruction in the minority official language | Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children | Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% dataFootnote 204 |
| Instruction in the minority official language | Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children | Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language |
| Instruction in the minority official language | Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children | Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada |
| Instruction in the minority official language | Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children | Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada |
| Instruction in the minority official language | Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children | Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language |
Footnotes
- Footnote 1
-
2021 and 2016 population
Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.
The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.
- Footnote 2
-
Total private dwellings
Private dwelling refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.
- Footnote 3
-
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents
A private dwelling occupied by usual residents refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 11, 2021.
- Footnote 4
-
The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.
- Footnote 5
-
A census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children), a common-law couple (with or without children) or a one-parent family. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.
- Footnote 6
-
There is no age restriction on children. Includes children living with a grandparent or grandparents without a parent present.
- Footnote 7
-
Includes foster children.
- Footnote 8
-
Multigenerational households represent all households where there is at least one person who is both the grandparent of a person in the household and the parent of another person in the same household. They also represent all households where there is at least one person who is both the child of a person in the household and the grandchild of another person in the same household. In previous censuses, multigenerational households were only created based on the former definition, not the latter. As a result, there may be small differences in counts for 2011 and 2016 in archived tables.
- Footnote 9
-
Excludes multigenerational households.
- Footnote 10
-
Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:
- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.
In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:
- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.
Receipts excluded from this income definition are:
- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.
After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.
Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.
Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:
- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Canada workers benefit (CWB);
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.
For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.
Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.
For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.
Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).
- Footnote 11
-
Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:
- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.
In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:
- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.
Receipts excluded from this income definition are:
- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.
After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.
Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.
Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:
- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Canada workers benefit (CWB);
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.
For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.
Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.
For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.
Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).
- Footnote 12
-
Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period. For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.
- Footnote 13
-
Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2020. For more information, see variable work activity in 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.
- Footnote 14
-
Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).
- Footnote 15
-
Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).
- Footnote 16
-
Part year or part time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or 48 weeks or less during 2020. For more information, see variable work activity in 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.
- Footnote 17
-
Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.
For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.
- Footnote 18
-
Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.
For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.
- Footnote 19
-
Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.
For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.
- Footnote 20
-
Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:
- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Canada workers benefit (CWB);
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.
For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.
For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.
- Footnote 21
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Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:
- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.
In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:
- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.
Receipts excluded from this income definition are:
- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.
For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.
- Footnote 22
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After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.
For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.
- Footnote 23
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Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:
- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.
In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:
- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.
Receipts excluded from this income definition are:
- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.
After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.
Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.
Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:
- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Canada workers benefit (CWB);
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.
Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.
Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.
The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.
Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).
- Footnote 24
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Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:
- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.
In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:
- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.
Receipts excluded from this income definition are:
- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.
After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.
Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.
Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:
- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
- Canada workers benefit (CWB);
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.
Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.
Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.
The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.
Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).
- Footnote 25
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Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period. The reference period for this variable is calendar year 2019. The variable is intended for comparison with its 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.
- Footnote 26
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Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:
- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.
In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:
- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.
Receipts excluded from this income definition are:
- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.
After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.
For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.
Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.
- Footnote 27
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Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:
- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.
In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:
- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.
Receipts excluded from this income definition are:
- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.
After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.
For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.
Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.
- Footnote 28
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Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:
- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.
In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:
- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.
Receipts excluded from this income definition are:
- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.
After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.
For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.
Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.
Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.
- Footnote 29
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Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:
- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.
In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:
- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.
Receipts excluded from this income definition are:
- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.
After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.
For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.
Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.
- Footnote 30
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Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).
- Footnote 31
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Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:
- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.
In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:
- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships; - income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.
Receipts excluded from this income definition are:
- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.
After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.
For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.
Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.
Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.
- Footnote 32
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Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:
- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.
In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:
- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.
Receipts excluded from this income definition are:
- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.
After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.
For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.
Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.
- Footnote 33
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Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.
For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.
Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.
Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.
Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.
Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.
When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.
Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.
When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.
Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.
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Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.
Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.
For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.
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The Gini coefficient, or Gini index, is a measure of inequality that indicates how equally income is distributed for a given population. It measures how much an income distribution deviates from perfect equality. Values of the Gini coefficient can range from 0 to 1. A value of 0 indicates that income is equally divided among the population, with all units receiving exactly the same amount of income. At the opposite extreme, a Gini coefficient of 1 denotes a perfectly unequal distribution, where one unit has all of the income in the economy.
For the census, Gini coefficients are calculated for three types of adjusted household income—market income, total income and after tax income. Adjusted income is computed by dividing the household income by a factor equal to the square root of the household size (known as the equivalence scale). This adjustment for different household sizes takes into account economies of scale. It reflects the fact that the needs of a household increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.
The P90/P10 ratio is a measure of inequality. It is the ratio of the 90th and the 10th percentile of the adjusted household after-tax income. The 90th percentile means 90% of the population has income that falls below this threshold. The 10th percentile means 10% of the population has income that falls below this threshold.
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Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.
For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
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First official language spoken refers to the first official language (English or French) spoken by the person.
For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
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Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned more than one language at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has more than one mother tongue only if they learned these languages at the same time, and still understands them. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. A child who has not yet learned to speak has more than one mother tongue only if these languages are spoken to them equally often so that the child learns these languages at the same time.
n.i.e. = not included elsewhere
n.o.s. = not otherwise specified
For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
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Users should be aware that estimates associated with Indigenous languages are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain reserves and settlements in the Census of Population.
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All languages spoken at home refers to all languages that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection.
n.i.e. = not included elsewhere
n.o.s. = not otherwise specified
For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
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Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as "spoken most often at home" if the languages are spoken equally often.
For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which they feel most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where more than one language is spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If more than one language is spoken equally often to the child, then these languages are included here.
n.i.e. = not included elsewhere
n.o.s. = not otherwise specified
For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
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Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the language(s), if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language(s) they speak most often at home.
Comparisons to previous Census data is not recommended for the 'Other languages spoken regularly at home' variable.
For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
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Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.
Knowledge of non-official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.
n.i.e. = not included elsewhere
n.o.s. = not otherwise specified
For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
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Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain reserves and settlements in the Census of Population.
For more information on Indigenous variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Indigenous Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021 and the Indigenous Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2021.
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This category includes persons who identify as First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who report being Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada), and/or those who report having membership in a First Nation or Indian band.
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This category includes persons who identify as only one Indigenous group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).
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This category includes persons who identify as any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuk (Inuit).
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This category includes persons who do not identify as First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who report having Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.
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Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.
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Tenure refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.
For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, 'dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band,' has been created for census purposes.
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Condominium status refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.
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Bedrooms refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.
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Rooms refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year round living. The number of rooms in a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms in a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).
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Number of persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.
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Housing suitability refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.
'Housing suitability' assesses the required number of bedrooms for a household based on the age, sex, and relationships among household members. An alternative variable, 'persons per room,' considers all rooms in a private dwelling and the number of household members.
Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.
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Period of construction refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed.
This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodeling, additions or conversions.
For properties having multiple residential structures, this refers to the period in which the most recent structure was completed.
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Includes data up to May 11, 2021.
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Dwelling condition refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.
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Refers to whether or not a person residing in the household is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making such payments, the reference person is identified by default.
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Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.
The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.
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Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.
Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households who reported a total household income greater than zero.
Private households located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.
The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2021, while household total income is reported for the year 2020. As well, for some households, the 2020 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.
For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.
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Acceptable housing refers to whether a household meets each of the three indicator thresholds established by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation for housing adequacy, suitability and affordability.
Housing indicator thresholds are defined as follows:
- Adequate housing is reported by their residents as not requiring any major repairs.
- Affordable housing has shelter costs equal to less than 30% of total before-tax household income.
- Suitable housing has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of resident households according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS), conceived by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation and provincial and territorial representatives.
Acceptable housing identifies which thresholds the household falls below, if any. Housing that is adequate in condition, suitable in size and affordable is considered to be acceptable.
Households below and above the thresholds are based on the indicators for which individual households can be assessed. Farm and on-reserve households whose housing does not meet either or both of the suitability and adequacy thresholds are counted in the total of households below the thresholds. Farm and on-reserve households who live in housing that meets both the suitability and adequacy thresholds are counted in the total of households above the thresholds (even though it is not possible to assess housing affordability for these households). Farm households and on-reserve households cannot be assessed for housing affordability because the concept is not applicable.
Housing affordability is assessed for owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings.
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Core housing need refers to whether a private household's housing falls below at least one of the indicator thresholds for housing adequacy, affordability or suitability, and would have to spend 30% or more of its total before-tax income to pay the median rent of alternative local housing that is acceptable (attains all three housing indicator thresholds). Housing indicator thresholds are defined as follows: Adequate housing is reported by their residents as not requiring any major repairs. Affordable housing has shelter costs equal to less than 30% of total before-tax household income. Suitable housing has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of resident households according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS), conceived by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation and provincial and territorial representatives. Only private, non-farm, non-reserve and owner- or renter-households with incomes greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratios less than 100% are assessed for 'core housing need.' Non-family households with at least one maintainer aged 15 to 29 attending school are considered not to be in 'core housing need' regardless of their housing circumstances. Attending school is considered a transitional phase, and low incomes earned by student households are viewed as being a temporary condition.
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Presence of mortgage payments refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.
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Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households.
Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band, shelter costs include, where applicable, the monthly use or occupancy payment and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.
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Value (owner estimated) refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.
In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.
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Subsidized housing refers to whether a renter household lives in a dwelling that is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.
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'Indigenous ancestry' refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Indigenous peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and/or Inuit. Aboriginal peoples (referred to here as Indigenous peoples) of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, Section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. The term 'Aboriginal' has been replaced with the updated term of 'Indigenous' when referring to individuals who identify themselves as First Nations people, Métis and/or Inuit. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.
Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain reserves and settlements in the Census of Population.
For more information on Indigenous variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Indigenous Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021 and the Indigenous Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2021.
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'Indigenous ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Indigenous ancestry.
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'Single Indigenous ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Indigenous ancestry.
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'Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Indigenous ancestry.
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'Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Indigenous ancestry.
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'Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Indigenous ancestry.
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'Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Indigenous ancestry.
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'Non-Indigenous ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Indigenous ancestry only.
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'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.
For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
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'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.
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'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.
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'Immigrant status' refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.
'Period of immigration' refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.
For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
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'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.
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'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2021 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who were admitted to Canada on or prior to May 11, 2021.
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Includes immigrants who were admitted to Canada on or prior to May 11, 2021.
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'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country with a usual place of residence in Canada and who have a work or study permit or who have claimed refugee status (asylum claimants). Family members living with work or study permit holders are also included, unless these family members are already Canadian citizens, landed immigrants or permanent residents.
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'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.
'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2021 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who were admitted to Canada on or prior to May 11, 2021.
For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
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'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2021 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who were admitted to Canada on or prior to May 11, 2021.
The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.
'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2021 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country or area of interest if the person was born outside Canada.
For more information on the place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
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Serbia excludes Kosovo.
- Footnote 87
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The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).
- Footnote 88
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The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.
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The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.
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China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.
- Footnote 91
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The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
- Footnote 92
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The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.
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The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'
- Footnote 94
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'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2016 and May 11, 2021.
'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.
The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.
'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2021 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country or area of interest if the person was born outside Canada.
For more information on the place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
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The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.
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Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.
- Footnote 97
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The full name of Sudan is the Republic of the Sudan.
- Footnote 98
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The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'
- Footnote 99
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'Generation status' refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.
For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
- Footnote 100
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'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.
- Footnote 101
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'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.
- Footnote 102
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'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with all parents born in Canada.
- Footnote 103
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'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.
'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on their application for permanent residence.
'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2021 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who were admitted to Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 11, 2021.
For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
- Footnote 104
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'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.
- Footnote 105
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'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on their application for permanent residence.
- Footnote 106
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'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on their application for permanent residence.
- Footnote 107
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'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.
- Footnote 108
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'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.
- Footnote 109
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'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.
- Footnote 110
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'Pre-admission experience' refers to the category under which an immigrant was authorized to enter Canada for temporary residence purposes before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident.
In the 2021 Census of Population, data on pre-admission experience are available for immigrants who were admitted to Canada between January 1, 1980, and May 11, 2021.
'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.
For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
- Footnote 111
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This category includes immigrants who had an asylum claim before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident. This category includes immigrants who had an asylum claim with a work and/or study permit before admission.
- Footnote 112
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This category includes immigrants who had a work permit only before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident. A work permit is a document issued by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada that authorizes a person to work on a temporary basis in Canada. Work permits set out conditions for the worker, such as the type of work and employer, location of work, and timeline of work.
- Footnote 113
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This category includes immigrants who had a study permit only before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident. A study permit is a document issued by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada that authorizes a person to study at an educational institution in Canada for the duration of the program of study.
- Footnote 114
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This category includes immigrants who had both a work and a study permit before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident.
- Footnote 115
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This category includes immigrants who had a permit other than a work permit, study permit, or asylum claim before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident.
- Footnote 116
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This category includes immigrants who did not have a permit for temporary residence purposes before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident.
- Footnote 117
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'Visible minority' refers to whether a person is a visible minority or not, as defined by the Employment Equity Act. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Arab, Latin American, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.
In 2021 Census analytical and communications products, the term "visible minority" has been replaced by the terms "racialized population" or "racialized groups", reflecting the increased use of these terms in the public sphere.
For more information on visible minority and population group variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
- Footnote 118
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In 2021 Census analytical and communications products, the term "visible minority" has been replaced by the terms "racialized population" or "racialized groups", reflecting the increased use of these terms in the public sphere.
- Footnote 119
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The abbreviation "n.i.e." means "not included elsewhere." This category includes persons who provided responses that are classified as a visible minority, but that cannot be classified with a specific visible minority group. Such responses include, for example, "Guyanese," "Pacific Islander," "Polynesian," "Tibetan" and "West Indian."
- Footnote 120
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In 2021 Census analytical and communications products, this category is referred to as "the rest of the population."
- Footnote 121
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'Ethnic or cultural origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. Ancestors may have Indigenous origins, origins that refer to different countries or other origins that may not refer to different countries.
The sum of the ethnic or cultural origins in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic or cultural origin in the census.
The ethnic groups selected are the most frequently reported at the Canada level.
For more information on ethnic or cultural origin variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Ethnic or Cultural Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
- Footnote 122
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating French origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "French").
- Footnote 123
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating British Isles origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "British," "United Kingdom").
- Footnote 124
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Caucasian (White) origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Caucasian").
- Footnote 125
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating First Nations (North American Indian) origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "First Nations," "North American Indian").
- Footnote 126
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating European origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "European").
- Footnote 127
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating African origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "African").
- Footnote 128
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Arab origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Arab").
- Footnote 129
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Asian origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Asian").
- Footnote 130
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Cree origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Cree").
- Footnote 131
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The abbreviation "n.i.e." means "not included elsewhere." This category includes responses indicating Christian origins, not included elsewhere (e.g., "Christian," "Baptist," "Catholic").
- Footnote 132
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating North American Indigenous origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Aboriginal," "Indigenous").
- Footnote 133
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating South Asian origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "South Asian").
- Footnote 134
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Mi'kmaq origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Mi'kmaq").
- Footnote 135
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Northern European origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Northern European," "Scandinavian").
- Footnote 136
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Latin American," "South American").
- Footnote 137
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Black origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Black").
- Footnote 138
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Inuit origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Inuit").
- Footnote 139
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Eastern European origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Eastern European").
- Footnote 140
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating East or Southeast Asian origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "East Asian," "Southeast Asian").
- Footnote 141
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Central Asian," "Middle Eastern," "West Asian").
- Footnote 142
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Caribbean origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Caribbean").
- Footnote 143
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating West Indian origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "West Indian").
- Footnote 144
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Hispanic origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Hispanic").
- Footnote 145
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Western European origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Western European").
- Footnote 146
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Czechoslovakian origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Czechoslovakian").
- Footnote 147
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Yugoslavian origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Yugoslavian").
- Footnote 148
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Slavic origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Slavic").
- Footnote 149
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Innu origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Innu," "Montagnais").
- Footnote 150
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Celtic origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Celtic").
- Footnote 151
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating North American origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "North American").
- Footnote 152
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Dene origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Dene").
- Footnote 153
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Blackfoot origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Blackfoot").
- Footnote 154
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Iroquoian (Haudenosaunee) origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Iroquois," "Haudenosaunee").
- Footnote 155
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating North African origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "North African").
- Footnote 156
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Southern or East African origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "East African").
- Footnote 157
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified.' This category includes responses indicating Anishinaabe origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Anishinaabe").
- Footnote 158
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Bantu origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Bantu").
- Footnote 159
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Akan origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Akan").
- Footnote 160
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Central or West African origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Central African," "West African").
- Footnote 161
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'Religion' refers to the person's self-identification as having a connection or affiliation with any religious denomination, group, body, or other religiously defined community or system of belief. Religion is not limited to formal membership in a religious organization or group. This variable shows the aggregated responses to the religion question. For infants or children, religion refers to the specific religious group or denomination in which they are being raised, if any. Persons without a religious connection or affiliation can self-identify as atheist, agnostic or humanist, or can provide another applicable response. For more information on religion variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Religion Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
- Footnote 162
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The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses of "Christian," not otherwise specified (e.g., "Christian," "Christianity").
- Footnote 163
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Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 11, 2021, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.
- Footnote 164
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Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 11, 2021, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.
- Footnote 165
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For information on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2021013.
- Footnote 166
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This includes all persons with a high school diploma or equivalency certificate, regardless of whether they also completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.
- Footnote 167
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'High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational credential. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.
- Footnote 168
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'Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions. It also includes qualifications from vocational training programs in the province of Quebec such as the Diplôme d'études professionnelles (DEP)/Diploma of Vocational Studies (DVS).
- Footnote 169
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'Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificates of Apprenticeship, Certificates of Qualification and Journeyperson's designations.
- Footnote 170
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College, CEGEP and other non-university certificates and diplomas obtained from programs that are typically completed in less than three months are not included in this category.
- Footnote 171
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'Earned doctorate' does not include honorary doctorates.
- Footnote 172
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This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2021 - Alternative primary groupings,' with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada, 2021. For information on classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2021013.
- Footnote 173
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'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' is made up of persons who have not completed any credentials above a high school diploma.
- Footnote 174
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Includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies,' '30.29 Maritime studies,' '30.45 History and language/literature,' '30.47 Linguistics and anthropology,' '30.51 Integrated philosophy, politics, and economics,' '30.52 Digital humanities and textual studies,' and '30.53 Thanatology.'
- Footnote 175
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Includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/globalization studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction,' '30.33 Sustainability studies,' '30.34 Anthrozoology,' '30.36 Cultural studies and comparative literature,' '30.40 Economics and foreign language/literature,' '30.44 Geography and environmental studies,' and '30.46 History and political science.'
- Footnote 176
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Includes '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology,' '30.32 Marine sciences,' '30.35 Climate science,' '30.38 Earth systems science,' '30.41 Environmental geosciences,' '30.42 Geoarchaeology,' '30.43 Geobiology,' and '30.50 Mathematics and atmospheric/oceanic science.'
- Footnote 177
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Includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science,' '30.30 Computational science,' '30.39 Economics and computer science,' '30.48 Linguistics and computer science,' '30.49 Mathematical economics,' '30.70 Data science' and '30.71 Data analytics.'
- Footnote 178
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Veterinary medicine, veterinary science, veterinary technology, and veterinary administrative support services, which were included in series '51. Health professions and related programs' in CIP 2016, are now included in series '01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields' in CIP 2021.
- Footnote 179
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Includes '30.00 Inclusive postsecondary education' and '30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'
- Footnote 180
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For information on classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2021013.
- Footnote 181
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'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.
- Footnote 182
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The location of study is not compared with the location of residence for persons who studied outside Canada. The locations of study outside Canada that are listed here are those which were the most frequently reported at the Canada level.
- Footnote 183
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The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.
- Footnote 184
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Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 2 to Saturday, May 8, 2021.
For information on the comparability of the 2021 Census labour force status data with those of the Labour Force Survey, see Appendix 2.11 of the Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.
- Footnote 185
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Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2020 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).
- Footnote 186
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Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2020 and persons who worked in 2021, but not in 2020.
- Footnote 187
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Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2020.
- Footnote 188
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Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year either mostly full time or mostly part time in 2020. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.
- Footnote 189
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Class of worker including job permanency refers to whether a person is a paid employee or is self-employed. Employees' positions are further classified as either permanent or temporary.
- Footnote 190
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Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2020.
- Footnote 191
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Includes persons aged 15 years and over in the labour force who have worked at some point in time between January 1, 2020 and May 8, 2021.
- Footnote 192
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Includes self-employed persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business and with or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.
- Footnote 193
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Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the National Occupational Classification [NOC] 2021 Version 1.0.
- Footnote 194
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Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The industry data are produced according to the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2017 Version 3.0.
- Footnote 195
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"All languages used at work" refers to all languages that the person uses in their job on a regular basis.
For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
- Footnote 196
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Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as "used most often at work" if the languages are used equally often.
n.i.e. = not included elsewhere
n.o.s. = not otherwise specified
For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
- Footnote 197
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"Other language(s) used regularly at work" refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages they use most often at work.
Comparisons to previous census data is not recommended for the ‘Other languages used regularly at work’ variable.
For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.
- Footnote 198
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Place of work status refers to whether a person worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address, or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).
- Footnote 199
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Commuting destination refers to whether or not a person commutes to another municipality (i.e., census subdivision), another census division or another province or territory. Commuting refers to the travel of a person to their usual place of work.
- Footnote 200
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Main mode of commuting refers to the main mode of transportation a person uses to travel to their place of work.
The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.
- Footnote 201
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Commuting duration refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel to their place of work.
- Footnote 202
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Time leaving for work refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves to go to their place of work.
- Footnote 203
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Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language indicates whether a child is eligible for instruction at the primary and secondary levels in English in Quebec or in French in Canada outside Quebec, pursuant to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms' criteria, except citizenship.
In the 2021 Census, the child eligible for instruction in the minority official language is younger than 18 years of age on December 31, 2020.
More information on the variables related to instruction in the minority official language, including definitions, concepts and classifications, the questions from which they are derived and data quality can be found in the Instruction in the Minority Official Language Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021, and the Minority language educational rights: Technical report on changes for the 2021 Census.
- Footnote 204
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Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language indicates whether a child is eligible for instruction at the primary and secondary levels in English in Quebec or in French in Canada outside Quebec, pursuant to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms' criteria, except citizenship.
In the 2021 Census, the child eligible for instruction in the minority official language is younger than 18 years of age on December 31, 2020. However, the total population for this profile is school-aged children born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive), representing children 5 to 17 years of age on December 31, 2020.
For residents of Quebec, instruction in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada refers to children who have been instructed, for at least one year, in an English-language school (including in a French immersion program in an English-language school) at the primary or secondary level in Canada. For residents of Canada outside Quebec, it refers to children who have been instructed, for at least one year, in a regular French program in a French-language school (excluding in a French immersion program in an English-language school) at the primary or secondary level in Canada.
More information on the variables related to instruction in the minority official language, including definitions, concepts and classifications, the questions from which they are derived and data quality can be found in the Instruction in the Minority Official Language Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021, and the Minority language educational rights: Technical report on changes for the 2021 Census.
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