Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Fort Erie, Town (T)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	32,901	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	30,710	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	7.1	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	15,875	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	14,081	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	197.9	...	...	197.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	166.24	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	32,900	16,080	16,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4,405	2,240	2,170	13.4	13.9	12.9
0 to 4 years	1,325	670	655	4.0	4.2	3.9
5 to 9 years	1,495	760	740	4.5	4.7	4.4
10 to 14 years	1,585	805	780	4.8	5.0	4.6
15 to 64 years	19,530	9,575	9,950	59.4	59.5	59.1
15 to 19 years	1,620	840	780	4.9	5.2	4.6
20 to 24 years	1,515	775	740	4.6	4.8	4.4
25 to 29 years	1,510	775	735	4.6	4.8	4.4
30 to 34 years	1,675	845	830	5.1	5.3	4.9
35 to 39 years	1,575	770	805	4.8	4.8	4.8
40 to 44 years	1,680	815	865	5.1	5.1	5.1
45 to 49 years	1,800	890	915	5.5	5.5	5.4
50 to 54 years	2,185	1,015	1,170	6.6	6.3	7.0
55 to 59 years	2,870	1,390	1,480	8.7	8.6	8.8
60 to 64 years	3,095	1,465	1,630	9.4	9.1	9.7
65 years and over	8,970	4,265	4,705	27.3	26.5	28.0
65 to 69 years	2,945	1,425	1,520	9.0	8.9	9.0
70 to 74 years	2,520	1,230	1,290	7.7	7.6	7.7
75 to 79 years	1,600	785	820	4.9	4.9	4.9
80 to 84 years	970	455	520	2.9	2.8	3.1
85 years and over	930	370	560	2.8	2.3	3.3
85 to 89 years	560	240	315	1.7	1.5	1.9
90 to 94 years	270	105	165	0.8	0.7	1.0
95 to 99 years	90	20	70	0.3	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.4	13.9	12.9	13.4	13.9	12.9
15 to 64 years	59.4	59.5	59.1	59.4	59.5	59.1
65 years and over	27.3	26.5	28.0	27.3	26.5	28.0
85 years and over	2.8	2.3	3.3	2.8	2.3	3.3
Average age of the population	47.2	46.4	47.9	47.2	46.4	47.9
Median age of the population	51.6	50.4	52.4	51.6	50.4	52.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	14,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	11,620	...	...	82.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	295	...	...	2.1	...	...
Row house	340	...	...	2.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	470	...	...	3.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	995	...	...	7.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	310	...	...	2.2	...	...
Other single-attached house	40	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	14,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,910	...	...	27.8	...	...
2 persons	5,745	...	...	40.8	...	...
3 persons	2,000	...	...	14.2	...	...
4 persons	1,550	...	...	11.0	...	...
5 or more persons	880	...	...	6.3	...	...
Number of persons in private households	32,495	15,915	16,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	28,500	13,845	14,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	17,005	8,495	8,515	59.7	61.4	58.1
Married	14,050	7,015	7,030	49.3	50.7	48.0
Living common-law	2,960	1,480	1,485	10.4	10.7	10.1
Living common law - Never married	1,695	845	845	5.9	6.1	5.8
Living common law - Separated	210	120	90	0.7	0.9	0.6
Living common law - Divorced	895	450	440	3.1	3.3	3.0
Living common law - Widowed	165	60	105	0.6	0.4	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	11,490	5,350	6,140	40.3	38.6	41.9
Not married and not living common law - Never married	6,445	3,545	2,895	22.6	25.6	19.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	995	470	525	3.5	3.4	3.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,070	870	1,200	7.3	6.3	8.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,975	460	1,515	6.9	3.3	10.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	10,005	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	6,025	...	...	60.2	...	...
3 persons	1,950	...	...	19.5	...	...
4 persons	1,385	...	...	13.8	...	...
5 or more persons	650	...	...	6.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	10,005	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	8,365	...	...	83.6	...	...
Married couples	6,890	...	...	68.9	...	...
With children⁶	2,805	...	...	28.0	...	...
Without children	4,080	...	...	40.8	...	...
Common-law couples	1,480	...	...	14.8	...	...
With children⁶	550	...	...	5.5	...	...
Without children	930	...	...	9.3	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,640	...	...	16.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,245	...	...	12.4	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	395	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	32,495	15,915	16,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	26,920	13,385	13,535	82.8	84.1	81.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	16,735	8,365	8,370	51.5	52.6	50.5
Parents in one-parent families	1,640	395	1,240	5.0	2.5	7.5
Children⁶	8,550	4,630	3,925	26.3	29.1	23.7
In a two-parent family	6,050	3,235	2,815	18.6	20.3	17.0
In a one-parent family	2,500	1,395	1,105	7.7	8.8	6.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,575	2,525	3,050	17.2	15.9	18.4
Living alone	3,905	1,740	2,170	12.0	10.9	13.1
Living with other relatives⁷	690	250	440	2.1	1.6	2.7
Living with non-relatives only	975	540	440	3.0	3.4	2.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	14,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	8,920	...	...	63.4	...	...
Couple-family households	7,670	...	...	54.5	...	...
With children⁶	3,040	...	...	21.6	...	...
Without children	4,625	...	...	32.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,255	...	...	8.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	375	...	...	2.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	65	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	390	...	...	2.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	415	...	...	2.9	...	...
One-person households	3,910	...	...	27.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	28,095	13,675	14,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,255	13,270	13,985	97.0	97.0	97.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	43,200	33,200	37,600	43,200	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,260	13,275	13,985	97.0	97.1	97.0
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	38,800	31,000	34,400	38,800	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,745	11,825	11,920	84.5	86.5	82.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,200	36,000	23,000	29,200	36,000	23,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,630	9,130	8,495	62.8	66.8	58.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,200	36,400	24,800	30,200	36,400	24,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	25,120	12,110	13,015	89.4	88.6	90.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,600	11,700	13,200	12,600	11,700	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,105	1,535	1,570	11.1	11.2	10.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,600	5,480	5,760	5,600	5,480	5,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,325	3,475	3,855	26.1	25.4	26.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	9,500	8,000	8,000	9,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	28,095	13,675	14,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,295	13,285	14,015	97.2	97.1	97.2
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,160	52,900	41,720	47,160	52,900	41,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,315	13,295	14,020	97.2	97.2	97.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,600	44,880	36,520	40,600	44,880	36,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,830	11,800	12,035	84.8	86.3	83.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,760	47,440	34,160	40,760	47,440	34,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,630	9,035	8,595	62.8	66.1	59.6
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,400	46,720	35,840	41,400	46,720	35,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	25,180	12,145	13,030	89.6	88.8	90.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,550	11,740	13,300	12,550	11,740	13,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,115	1,405	1,710	11.1	10.3	11.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,155	6,230	6,095	6,155	6,230	6,095
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,385	3,505	3,885	26.3	25.6	26.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,330	8,940	9,690	9,330	8,940	9,690
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	28,095	13,675	14,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,410	4,150	3,255	26.4	30.3	22.6
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	57,600	65,500	51,200	57,600	65,500	51,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,900	73,400	60,850	67,900	73,400	60,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,105	3,190	3,915	25.3	23.3	27.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,600	17,400	15,700	16,600	17,400	15,700
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,460	28,320	23,160	25,460	28,320	23,160
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.4	79.8	70.4	75.4	79.8	70.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	56.7	60.1	52.7	56.7	60.1	52.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.6	20.3	29.7	24.6	20.3	29.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.3	1.8	1.5	1.3	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.5	5.0	8.2	6.5	5.0	8.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.4	4.5	6.4	5.4	4.5	6.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	28,095	13,675	14,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	845	405	440	3.0	3.0	3.1
With total income	27,250	13,270	13,980	97.0	97.0	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,105	890	1,210	7.7	6.7	8.7
$10,000 to $19,999	3,655	1,410	2,245	13.4	10.6	16.1
$20,000 to $29,999	4,770	2,030	2,740	17.5	15.3	19.6
$30,000 to $39,999	3,995	1,770	2,220	14.7	13.3	15.9
$40,000 to $49,999	3,335	1,670	1,665	12.2	12.6	11.9
$50,000 to $59,999	2,590	1,325	1,265	9.5	10.0	9.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,845	1,040	800	6.8	7.8	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,265	770	500	4.6	5.8	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	960	575	380	3.5	4.3	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	755	460	290	2.8	3.5	2.1
$100,000 and over	1,990	1,320	665	7.3	9.9	4.8
$100,000 to $149,999	1,455	945	510	5.3	7.1	3.6
$150,000 and over	535	375	160	2.0	2.8	1.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	28,095	13,675	14,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	835	400	430	3.0	2.9	3.0
With after-tax income	27,260	13,275	13,990	97.0	97.1	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,215	925	1,285	8.1	7.0	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	3,855	1,485	2,370	14.1	11.2	16.9
$20,000 to $29,999	5,370	2,310	3,060	19.7	17.4	21.9
$30,000 to $39,999	4,655	2,165	2,490	17.1	16.3	17.8
$40,000 to $49,999	3,690	1,905	1,785	13.5	14.4	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	2,515	1,375	1,140	9.2	10.4	8.1
$60,000 to $69,999	1,645	1,005	640	6.0	7.6	4.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,105	680	425	4.1	5.1	3.0
$80,000 to $89,999	835	500	335	3.1	3.8	2.4
$90,000 to $99,999	475	325	150	1.7	2.4	1.1
$100,000 and over	905	610	300	3.3	4.6	2.1
$100,000 to $124,999	470	310	160	1.7	2.3	1.1
$125,000 and over	435	300	140	1.6	2.3	1.0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	28,095	13,675	14,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	10,470	4,545	5,920	37.3	33.2	41.1
With employment income	17,625	9,130	8,500	62.7	66.8	58.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,240	1,665	1,580	18.4	18.2	18.6
$5,000 to $9,999	1,575	690	885	8.9	7.6	10.4
$10,000 to $19,999	2,245	995	1,245	12.7	10.9	14.6
$20,000 to $29,999	1,710	745	965	9.7	8.2	11.4
$30,000 to $39,999	1,630	760	870	9.2	8.3	10.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,525	775	750	8.7	8.5	8.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,240	655	585	7.0	7.2	6.9
$60,000 to $69,999	1,075	610	460	6.1	6.7	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	770	505	265	4.4	5.5	3.1
$80,000 to $89,999	630	405	225	3.6	4.4	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	575	350	230	3.3	3.8	2.7
$100,000 and over	1,400	970	430	7.9	10.6	5.1
$100,000 to $124,999	750	510	240	4.3	5.6	2.8
$125,000 and over	645	465	185	3.7	5.1	2.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	28,095	13,675	14,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	26,855	13,050	13,810	95.6	95.4	95.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	42,800	31,200	36,000	42,800	31,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	26,880	13,050	13,825	95.7	95.4	95.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,400	28,800	33,200	38,400	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,675	11,775	11,900	84.3	86.1	82.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	38,400	26,400	32,000	38,400	26,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,955	9,280	8,675	63.9	67.9	60.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	39,200	29,200	33,600	39,200	29,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	24,005	11,550	12,455	85.4	84.5	86.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,750	5,640	8,700	7,750	5,640	8,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,190	1,090	1,100	7.8	8.0	7.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,400	5,680	5,120	5,400	5,680	5,120
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	28,095	13,675	14,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	26,960	13,085	13,870	96.0	95.7	96.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,520	52,450	38,960	45,520	52,450	38,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	26,970	13,085	13,880	96.0	95.7	96.3
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,880	44,040	33,960	38,880	44,040	33,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,825	11,790	12,035	84.8	86.2	83.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,360	49,800	35,040	42,360	49,800	35,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,995	9,220	8,780	64.1	67.4	60.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,880	48,600	36,880	42,880	48,600	36,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	24,185	11,650	12,535	86.1	85.2	86.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,010	8,510	9,480	9,010	8,510	9,480
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,195	1,035	1,155	7.8	7.6	8.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,530	6,260	6,780	6,530	6,260	6,780
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	28,095	13,675	14,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,340	4,085	3,255	26.1	29.9	22.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	57,200	64,500	48,000	57,200	64,500	48,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,300	73,000	57,850	66,300	73,000	57,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,785	3,005	3,780	24.2	22.0	26.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,800	25,400	23,000	23,800	25,400	23,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,640	35,880	28,280	31,640	35,880	28,280
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.2	85.6	78.0	82.2	85.6	78.0
Employment income (%)	62.9	65.2	59.9	62.9	65.2	59.9
Government transfers (%)	17.8	14.4	22.0	17.8	14.4	22.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	1.0	1.5	1.2	1.0	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	14,080	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,910	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...	39,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	36,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	10,175	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	14,080	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	91,400	...	...	91,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,700	...	...	78,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,910	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,520	...	...	48,520	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,640	...	...	41,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	10,175	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,900	...	...	107,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	14,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	105	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	70	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	150	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	295	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	560	...	...	4.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	530	...	...	3.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	485	...	...	3.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	570	...	...	4.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	605	...	...	4.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	635	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,270	...	...	9.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,125	...	...	8.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,040	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,000	...	...	7.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	905	...	...	6.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,745	...	...	33.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,685	...	...	12.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,140	...	...	8.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,115	...	...	7.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	805	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	14,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	130	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	75	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	150	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	310	...	...	2.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	600	...	...	4.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	615	...	...	4.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	550	...	...	3.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	655	...	...	4.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	705	...	...	5.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	760	...	...	5.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,405	...	...	10.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,305	...	...	9.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,205	...	...	8.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,145	...	...	8.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	855	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,620	...	...	25.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,580	...	...	11.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	910	...	...	6.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,120	...	...	8.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	9,860	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	4,665	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,410	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,500	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,885	2,275	2,610	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	39,600	34,800	36,800	39,600	34,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	35,600	32,800	34,000	35,600	32,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	9,875	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,800	...	...	107,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,800	...	...	92,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,625	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	97,100	...	...	97,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,900	...	...	82,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,440	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,200	...	...	136,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,700	...	...	116,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,480	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,900	...	...	74,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,700	...	...	67,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,740	2,160	2,580	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,960	50,160	44,240	46,960	50,160	44,240
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,560	42,480	38,920	40,560	42,480	38,920
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	32,495	15,910	16,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,365	2,735	2,635	16.5	17.2	15.9
0 to 5 years	1,615	815	800	5.0	5.1	4.8
18 to 64 years	18,450	9,005	9,445	56.8	56.6	56.9
65 years and over	8,675	4,170	4,505	26.7	26.2	27.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,620	1,660	1,955	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	730	380	350	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	230	115	110	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,905	895	1,010	...	...	...
65 years and over	975	385	595	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.1	10.4	11.8	11.1	10.4	11.8
0 to 17 years (%)	13.6	13.9	13.4	13.6	13.9	13.4
0 to 5 years (%)	14.2	14.2	14.2	14.2	14.2	14.2
18 to 64 years (%)	10.3	10.0	10.7	10.3	10.0	10.7
65 years and over (%)	11.3	9.2	13.2	11.3	9.2	13.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	32,495	15,915	16,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,370	2,735	2,630	16.5	17.2	15.9
0 to 5 years	1,620	820	800	5.0	5.2	4.8
18 to 64 years	18,450	9,005	9,445	56.8	56.6	56.9
65 years and over	8,680	4,170	4,510	26.7	26.2	27.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,025	530	495	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	180	90	90	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	40	25	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	725	390	335	...	...	...
65 years and over	120	55	70	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.3	3.0	3.2	3.3	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	3.3	3.4	3.3	3.3	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	2.7	3.0	2.4	2.7	3.0	2.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.9	4.3	3.6	3.9	4.3	3.6
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.3	1.5	1.4	1.3	1.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	32,495	15,915	16,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	17,985	8,635	9,355	55.3	54.3	56.4
In bottom decile	3,105	1,450	1,660	9.6	9.1	10.0
In second decile	3,535	1,635	1,900	10.9	10.3	11.5
In third decile	3,880	1,855	2,030	11.9	11.7	12.2
In fourth decile	3,705	1,835	1,875	11.4	11.5	11.3
In fifth decile	3,755	1,865	1,895	11.6	11.7	11.4
In top half of the distribution	14,510	7,280	7,230	44.7	45.7	43.6
In sixth decile	3,560	1,740	1,815	11.0	10.9	10.9
In seventh decile	3,115	1,590	1,530	9.6	10.0	9.2
In eighth decile	3,095	1,560	1,535	9.5	9.8	9.3
In ninth decile	2,700	1,380	1,320	8.3	8.7	8.0
In top decile	2,040	1,015	1,020	6.3	6.4	6.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	32,495	...	...	32,495	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.309	...	...	0.309	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.454	...	...	0.454	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.276	...	...	0.276	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	32,635	15,970	16,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	30,820	15,200	15,620	94.4	95.2	93.7
French only	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English and French	1,660	705	950	5.1	4.4	5.7
Neither English nor French	145	55	90	0.4	0.3	0.5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	32,635	15,970	16,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	31,960	15,665	16,300	97.9	98.1	97.8
French	500	235	260	1.5	1.5	1.6
English and French	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	140	50	85	0.4	0.3	0.5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	32,635	15,970	16,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	32,065	15,695	16,370	98.3	98.3	98.2
Official languages	29,355	14,440	14,910	89.9	90.4	89.4
English	28,840	14,190	14,655	88.4	88.9	87.9
French	510	245	260	1.6	1.5	1.6
Non-official languages	2,715	1,260	1,455	8.3	7.9	8.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,710	1,255	1,450	8.3	7.9	8.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	90	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	40	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	120	35	85	0.4	0.2	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	30	70	0.3	0.2	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	45	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,010	955	1,055	6.2	6.0	6.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	450	195	250	1.4	1.2	1.5
Baltic languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latvian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages	435	190	240	1.3	1.2	1.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Czech	15	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	165	75	95	0.5	0.5	0.6
Russian	105	45	60	0.3	0.3	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	415	190	220	1.3	1.2	1.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	240	115	130	0.7	0.7	0.8
German	240	115	125	0.7	0.7	0.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	155	70	85	0.5	0.4	0.5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	130	55	75	0.4	0.3	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Danish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	155	80	75	0.5	0.5	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	125	65	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hindi	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	940	460	480	2.9	2.9	2.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	350	185	170	1.1	1.2	1.0
Portuguese	120	60	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Romanian	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	435	200	235	1.3	1.3	1.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	45	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	195	95	100	0.6	0.6	0.6
Chinese languages	195	95	100	0.6	0.6	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	100	50	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	85	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	570	270	295	1.7	1.7	1.8
English and French	150	55	95	0.5	0.3	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	350	190	165	1.1	1.2	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	32,635	15,970	16,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	30,000	14,755	15,245	91.9	92.4	91.5
French	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Non-official language	550	255	300	1.7	1.6	1.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	550	255	300	1.7	1.6	1.8
English and French	290	110	180	0.9	0.7	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	1,615	760	855	4.9	4.8	5.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	32,635	15,970	16,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	32,310	15,820	16,495	99.0	99.1	99.0
Official languages	31,260	15,330	15,930	95.8	96.0	95.6
English	31,150	15,280	15,875	95.4	95.7	95.2
French	110	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official languages	1,055	490	565	3.2	3.1	3.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,055	490	565	3.2	3.1	3.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	710	325	385	2.2	2.0	2.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	175	85	100	0.5	0.5	0.6
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	170	80	95	0.5	0.5	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	110	55	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	90	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	380	160	215	1.2	1.0	1.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	65	25	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Portuguese	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	260	120	145	0.8	0.8	0.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	130	75	55	0.4	0.5	0.3
Chinese languages	130	75	55	0.4	0.5	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	45	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	65	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lao	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	325	150	175	1.0	0.9	1.0
English and French	35	5	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	280	135	145	0.9	0.8	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	32,635	15,970	16,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	30,890	15,165	15,720	94.7	95.0	94.3
English	455	210	245	1.4	1.3	1.5
French	235	95	140	0.7	0.6	0.8
Non-official language	880	420	460	2.7	2.6	2.8
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	875	415	455	2.7	2.6	2.7
English and French	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	55	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	75	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	32,495	15,915	16,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	32,320	15,845	16,470	99.5	99.6	99.3
English	32,305	15,835	16,465	99.4	99.5	99.3
French	1,585	690	895	4.9	4.3	5.4
Non-official languages	3,850	1,790	2,055	11.8	11.2	12.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	35	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
Algonquian languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,820	1,790	2,020	11.8	11.2	12.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	70	75	0.4	0.4	0.5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	140	70	75	0.4	0.4	0.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	90	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Maltese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	65	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	190	60	135	0.6	0.4	0.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	165	50	115	0.5	0.3	0.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	105	60	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
Haitian Creole	85	50	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,725	1,355	1,370	8.4	8.5	8.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	485	240	245	1.5	1.5	1.5
Baltic languages	30	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages	465	225	235	1.4	1.4	1.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Polish	215	90	125	0.7	0.6	0.8
Russian	130	55	75	0.4	0.3	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	475	245	230	1.5	1.5	1.4
Frisian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
High German languages	285	145	140	0.9	0.9	0.8
German	285	145	140	0.9	0.9	0.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	165	85	80	0.5	0.5	0.5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	145	75	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	100	45	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Iranian languages	205	115	95	0.6	0.7	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	195	110	85	0.6	0.7	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hindi	95	60	35	0.3	0.4	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	85	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,490	735	760	4.6	4.6	4.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	535	275	260	1.6	1.7	1.6
Portuguese	125	70	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Romanian	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Spanish	820	380	440	2.5	2.4	2.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	90	45	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	40	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	70	15	60	0.2	0.1	0.4
American Sign Language	65	15	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	280	140	145	0.9	0.9	0.9
Chinese languages	275	140	140	0.8	0.9	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	160	85	70	0.5	0.5	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	145	65	75	0.4	0.4	0.5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	95	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	95	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	80	15	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	70	15	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	32,495	15,915	16,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,620	790	835	5.0	5.0	5.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,510	715	790	4.6	4.5	4.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,080	510	575	3.3	3.2	3.5
Métis	430	215	220	1.3	1.4	1.3
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	75	40	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	30,875	15,125	15,750	95.0	95.0	95.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	32,495	15,915	16,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	705	315	390	2.2	2.0	2.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	31,790	15,595	16,195	97.8	98.0	97.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	14,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	11,230	...	...	79.8	...	...
Renter	2,850	...	...	20.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	14,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	295	...	...	2.1	...	...
Not condominium	13,785	...	...	97.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	14,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	1,050	...	...	7.5	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,720	...	...	26.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,310	...	...	44.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,975	...	...	21.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	14,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,335	...	...	16.6	...	...
5 rooms	2,280	...	...	16.2	...	...
6 rooms	2,605	...	...	18.5	...	...
7 rooms	2,440	...	...	17.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,420	...	...	31.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	14,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,990	...	...	99.4	...	...
More than one person per room	85	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	14,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	13,675	...	...	97.1	...	...
Not suitable	410	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	14,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	5,475	...	...	38.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,265	...	...	23.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,175	...	...	8.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,510	...	...	10.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	615	...	...	4.4	...	...
2006 to 2010	695	...	...	4.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	515	...	...	3.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	840	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	14,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	13,180	...	...	93.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	905	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	14,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	6,990	...	...	49.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	6,625	...	...	47.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	465	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	14,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	185	...	...	1.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,145	...	...	8.1	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,650	...	...	11.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,260	...	...	16.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,425	...	...	24.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,220	...	...	22.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,640	...	...	11.6	...	...
85 years and over	555	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	13,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	11,295	...	...	80.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,695	...	...	19.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,510	...	...	17.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	14,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,715	...	...	26.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,460	...	...	17.5	...	...
Not suitable only	315	...	...	2.2	...	...
Major repairs needed only	655	...	...	4.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	40	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	190	...	...	1.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	10,370	...	...	73.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	13,810	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,390	...	...	10.1	...	...
Not in core need	12,415	...	...	89.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,190	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	56.7	...	...	56.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.0	...	...	15.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080	...	...	1,080	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,267	...	...	1,267	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	574,000	...	...	574,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,850	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	15.4	...	...	15.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.1	...	...	36.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	26.8	...	...	26.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	980	...	...	980	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,073	...	...	1,073	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	32,495	15,910	16,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	635	325	315	2.0	2.0	1.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	590	300	290	1.8	1.9	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	555	275	280	1.7	1.7	1.7
Métis single ancestry	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,340	675	670	4.1	4.2	4.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,305	650	655	4.0	4.1	3.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	970	490	485	3.0	3.1	2.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	320	150	170	1.0	0.9	1.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	30,515	14,915	15,600	93.9	93.7	94.1
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	32,500	15,910	16,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	30,945	15,320	15,630	95.2	96.3	94.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,250	2,705	2,545	16.2	17.0	15.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,700	12,615	13,080	79.1	79.3	78.9
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,555	595	960	4.8	3.7	5.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	32,500	15,910	16,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	26,940	13,415	13,520	82.9	84.3	81.5
Immigrants⁸¹	5,380	2,425	2,955	16.6	15.2	17.8
Before 1980	2,510	1,200	1,315	7.7	7.5	7.9
1980 to 1990	665	260	405	2.0	1.6	2.4
1991 to 2000	785	310	470	2.4	1.9	2.8
2001 to 2010	715	340	375	2.2	2.1	2.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	705	320	385	2.2	2.0	2.3
2011 to 2015	300	150	150	0.9	0.9	0.9
2016 to 2021	400	170	235	1.2	1.1	1.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	175	65	110	0.5	0.4	0.7
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	5,385	2,430	2,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	680	335	350	12.6	13.8	11.9
5 to 14 years	1,090	560	525	20.2	23.0	17.8
15 to 24 years	1,240	535	705	23.0	22.0	23.9
25 to 44 years	1,895	780	1,110	35.2	32.1	37.6
45 years and over	480	220	260	8.9	9.1	8.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	5,385	2,430	2,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	1,990	785	1,205	37.0	32.3	40.8
Brazil	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Colombia	55	15	40	1.0	0.6	1.4
El Salvador	145	70	80	2.7	2.9	2.7
Guyana	45	30	15	0.8	1.2	0.5
Haiti	55	25	25	1.0	1.0	0.8
Jamaica	130	55	70	2.4	2.3	2.4
Mexico	60	30	25	1.1	1.2	0.8
Peru	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Trinidad and Tobago	35	15	20	0.6	0.6	0.7
United States of America	1,250	475	775	23.2	19.5	26.3
Other places of birth in Americas	205	75	130	3.8	3.1	4.4
Europe	2,350	1,190	1,165	43.6	49.0	39.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.3
Croatia	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
France	20	20	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Germany	190	110	85	3.5	4.5	2.9
Greece	65	45	25	1.2	1.9	0.8
Hungary	25	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.5
Italy	305	155	150	5.7	6.4	5.1
Netherlands	150	75	80	2.8	3.1	2.7
Poland	160	75	85	3.0	3.1	2.9
Portugal	95	50	45	1.8	2.1	1.5
Romania	40	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.7
Russian Federation	40	20	20	0.7	0.8	0.7
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
United Kingdom⁸⁷	995	475	525	18.5	19.5	17.8
Other places of birth in Europe	210	110	100	3.9	4.5	3.4
Africa	105	55	45	1.9	2.3	1.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.7
Asia	910	385	525	16.9	15.8	17.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Iraq	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	50	30	15	0.9	1.2	0.5
China⁹⁰	175	80	95	3.2	3.3	3.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	55	30	20	1.0	1.2	0.7
Korea, South⁹²	85	30	50	1.6	1.2	1.7
Taiwan	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Philippines	165	55	110	3.1	2.3	3.7
Viet Nam	40	0	30	0.7	0.0	1.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	130	75	60	2.4	3.1	2.0
Pakistan	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Sri Lanka	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	125	40	80	2.3	1.6	2.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	30	15	10	0.6	0.6	0.3
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	400	165	230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	245	105	135	61.3	63.6	58.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	0	2.5	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	0	2.5	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	95	55	40	23.8	33.3	17.4
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	100	35	60	25.0	21.2	26.1
Europe	40	20	20	10.0	12.1	8.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	15	0	3.8	9.1	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	2.5	0.0	4.3
Africa	25	10	15	6.3	6.1	6.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	10	10	0	2.5	6.1	0.0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	2.5	0.0	4.3
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	90	25	60	22.5	15.2	26.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	0	10	5.0	0.0	4.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	10	0	3.8	6.1	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	0	15	5.0	0.0	6.5
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	2.5	0.0	4.3
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	32,495	15,915	16,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	6,065	2,735	3,330	18.7	17.2	20.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	6,690	3,270	3,425	20.6	20.5	20.7
Third generation or more¹⁰²	19,735	9,910	9,825	60.7	62.3	59.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,870	1,230	1,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,030	490	540	35.9	39.8	32.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	470	285	185	16.4	23.2	11.3
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	565	200	355	19.7	16.3	21.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	1,225	430	795	42.7	35.0	48.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	545	285	265	19.0	23.2	16.2
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	70	30	45	2.4	2.4	2.7
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,870	1,230	1,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	435	210	230	15.2	17.1	14.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	395	145	240	13.8	11.8	14.6
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	65	35	30	2.3	2.8	1.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	110	45	65	3.8	3.7	4.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	55	0	55	1.9	0.0	3.4
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,805	785	1,025	62.9	63.8	62.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	32,495	15,915	16,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,545	1,195	1,355	7.8	7.5	8.2
South Asian	305	185	115	0.9	1.2	0.7
Chinese	430	200	225	1.3	1.3	1.4
Black	655	315	340	2.0	2.0	2.1
Filipino	205	85	120	0.6	0.5	0.7
Arab	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latin American	525	225	295	1.6	1.4	1.8
Southeast Asian	90	15	70	0.3	0.1	0.4
West Asian	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Korean	90	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	105	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	29,950	14,720	15,230	92.2	92.5	91.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	32,495	15,910	16,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	5,160	2,525	2,635	15.9	15.9	15.9
English	8,985	4,390	4,590	27.7	27.6	27.7
Irish	6,205	2,885	3,320	19.1	18.1	20.0
Scottish	5,840	2,885	2,955	18.0	18.1	17.8
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,360	1,655	1,710	10.3	10.4	10.3
German	5,355	2,795	2,555	16.5	17.6	15.4
Chinese	510	240	270	1.6	1.5	1.6
Italian	3,245	1,725	1,520	10.0	10.8	9.2
Indian (India)	220	120	95	0.7	0.8	0.6
Ukrainian	1,000	505	495	3.1	3.2	3.0
Dutch	1,560	745	820	4.8	4.7	4.9
Polish	1,635	820	810	5.0	5.2	4.9
Québécois	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,670	760	905	5.1	4.8	5.5
Filipino	155	55	95	0.5	0.3	0.6
French Canadian	555	300	255	1.7	1.9	1.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	640	340	295	2.0	2.1	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	780	395	385	2.4	2.5	2.3
Métis	440	225	210	1.4	1.4	1.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	325	135	190	1.0	0.8	1.1
Russian	330	145	190	1.0	0.9	1.1
Norwegian	165	90	75	0.5	0.6	0.5
Welsh	795	370	425	2.4	2.3	2.6
Portuguese	235	120	115	0.7	0.8	0.7
American	840	395	445	2.6	2.5	2.7
Spanish	310	125	185	1.0	0.8	1.1
Swedish	265	105	160	0.8	0.7	1.0
Hungarian	875	385	490	2.7	2.4	3.0
Acadian	75	45	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Pakistani	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	120	40	80	0.4	0.3	0.5
Jewish	160	70	85	0.5	0.4	0.5
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	65	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Greek	220	120	95	0.7	0.8	0.6
Jamaican	250	110	140	0.8	0.7	0.8
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	90	35	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
Romanian	170	80	90	0.5	0.5	0.5
Lebanese	45	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Iranian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	180	90	90	0.6	0.6	0.5
Danish	230	120	120	0.7	0.8	0.7
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	250	105	145	0.8	0.7	0.9
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	140	45	95	0.4	0.3	0.6
Belgian	145	60	85	0.4	0.4	0.5
Haitian	60	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	90	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mennonite	125	75	50	0.4	0.5	0.3
Swiss	185	100	90	0.6	0.6	0.5
Finnish	105	25	75	0.3	0.2	0.5
Sri Lankan	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Croatian	160	75	85	0.5	0.5	0.5
Japanese	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	85	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	120	60	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Colombian	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	135	80	55	0.4	0.5	0.3
Syrian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Guyanese	70	45	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	85	50	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Ojibway	70	40	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Newfoundlander	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hong Konger	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ontarian	55	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Turkish	100	60	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	80	50	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Slovak	160	85	75	0.5	0.5	0.5
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	90	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Iraqi	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	85	35	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
African Caribbean	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquin	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lithuanian	80	40	45	0.2	0.3	0.3
South African	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Australian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Palestinian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chilean	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	55	40	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Peruvian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Maltese	120	55	65	0.4	0.3	0.4
Macedonian	75	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slovenian	50	35	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	60	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	40	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mohawk	130	70	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	75	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bulgarian	75	40	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
African American	65	15	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	65	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	65	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	55	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kurdish	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	80	45	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
New Zealander	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	150	60	90	0.5	0.4	0.5
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	32,495	15,915	16,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	135	40	95	0.4	0.3	0.6
Christian	19,530	9,070	10,460	60.1	57.0	63.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,840	1,445	1,400	8.7	9.1	8.4
Anabaptist	340	150	195	1.0	0.9	1.2
Anglican	2,540	1,190	1,350	7.8	7.5	8.1
Baptist	545	250	300	1.7	1.6	1.8
Catholic	8,365	3,915	4,450	25.7	24.6	26.8
Christian Orthodox	270	140	130	0.8	0.9	0.8
Jehovah's Witness	120	50	70	0.4	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	40	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Lutheran	645	320	325	2.0	2.0	2.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	65	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	310	140	175	1.0	0.9	1.1
Presbyterian	675	285	385	2.1	1.8	2.3
Reformed	80	40	45	0.2	0.3	0.3
United Church	1,360	555	810	4.2	3.5	4.9
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	1,335	550	785	4.1	3.5	4.7
Hindu	100	55	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Jewish	115	50	65	0.4	0.3	0.4
Muslim	160	80	80	0.5	0.5	0.5
Sikh	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	200	55	145	0.6	0.3	0.9
No religion and secular perspectives	12,140	6,505	5,640	37.4	40.9	34.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	32,225	15,785	16,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	28,880	14,185	14,695	89.6	89.9	89.4
Movers	3,345	1,600	1,745	10.4	10.1	10.6
Non-migrants	1,410	645	770	4.4	4.1	4.7
Migrants	1,935	955	975	6.0	6.1	5.9
Internal migrants	1,875	925	945	5.8	5.9	5.7
Intraprovincial migrants	1,795	880	915	5.6	5.6	5.6
Interprovincial migrants	85	50	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
External migrants	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	31,210	15,285	15,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	19,515	9,565	9,960	62.5	62.6	62.5
Movers	11,695	5,725	5,970	37.5	37.5	37.5
Non-migrants	3,975	1,980	2,000	12.7	13.0	12.6
Migrants	7,715	3,745	3,970	24.7	24.5	24.9
Internal migrants	7,200	3,545	3,655	23.1	23.2	23.0
Intraprovincial migrants	6,805	3,360	3,445	21.8	22.0	21.6
Interprovincial migrants	395	185	210	1.3	1.2	1.3
External migrants	515	200	320	1.7	1.3	2.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	28,095	13,675	14,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,055	2,720	2,335	18.0	19.9	16.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	23,040	10,960	12,085	82.0	80.1	83.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,295	7,775	8,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,745	950	795	10.7	12.2	9.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,550	6,830	7,725	89.3	87.8	90.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	28,095	13,675	14,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,460	2,325	2,135	15.9	17.0	14.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	9,895	4,670	5,230	35.2	34.1	36.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,735	6,685	7,050	48.9	48.9	48.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,420	4,755	4,665	33.5	34.8	32.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,180	1,580	600	7.8	11.6	4.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,010	620	390	3.6	4.5	2.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,175	960	210	4.2	7.0	1.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,745	2,930	3,815	24.0	21.4	26.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	495	245	250	1.8	1.8	1.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,315	1,930	2,390	15.4	14.1	16.6
Bachelor's degree	2,945	1,265	1,680	10.5	9.3	11.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	300	135	165	1.1	1.0	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	120	65	50	0.4	0.5	0.3
Master's degree	805	375	435	2.9	2.7	3.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	150	90	55	0.5	0.7	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,300	7,780	8,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,475	800	680	9.0	10.3	8.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,485	2,645	2,840	33.7	34.0	33.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,330	4,335	5,000	57.2	55.7	58.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,430	3,205	3,225	39.4	41.2	37.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,285	905	375	7.9	11.6	4.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	590	360	230	3.6	4.6	2.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	695	550	150	4.3	7.1	1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,830	2,155	2,675	29.6	27.7	31.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	320	150	175	2.0	1.9	2.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,905	1,130	1,775	17.8	14.5	20.8
Bachelor's degree	1,940	750	1,190	11.9	9.6	14.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	205	80	130	1.3	1.0	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	40	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Master's degree	560	205	355	3.4	2.6	4.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	115	65	50	0.7	0.8	0.6
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	28,095	13,675	14,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	14,355	6,990	7,365	51.1	51.1	51.1
Education	935	270	670	3.3	2.0	4.6
13. Education	935	270	670	3.3	2.0	4.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	390	190	200	1.4	1.4	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	65	60	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	320	130	195	1.1	1.0	1.4
Humanities	560	230	325	2.0	1.7	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	130	35	95	0.5	0.3	0.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	175	75	100	0.6	0.5	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	80	50	35	0.3	0.4	0.2
54. History	70	50	20	0.2	0.4	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,645	550	1,095	5.9	4.0	7.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	145	55	85	0.5	0.4	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	415	30	380	1.5	0.2	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	240	65	175	0.9	0.5	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	280	100	185	1.0	0.7	1.3
45. Social sciences	505	280	225	1.8	2.0	1.6
Business, management and public administration	2,550	985	1,565	9.1	7.2	10.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	280	70	215	1.0	0.5	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,270	915	1,355	8.1	6.7	9.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	405	190	220	1.4	1.4	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	165	55	110	0.6	0.4	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	85	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	105	80	25	0.4	0.6	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	320	230	90	1.1	1.7	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	255	195	60	0.9	1.4	0.4
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,035	2,845	185	10.8	20.8	1.3
04. Architecture and related services	75	60	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
14. Engineering	325	275	50	1.2	2.0	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	685	605	80	2.4	4.4	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	620	615	10	2.2	4.5	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	840	825	15	3.0	6.0	0.1
48. Precision production	485	465	20	1.7	3.4	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	370	220	150	1.3	1.6	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	285	165	120	1.0	1.2	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	85	55	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Health and related fields	2,150	325	1,825	7.7	2.4	12.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	240	95	145	0.9	0.7	1.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,870	210	1,655	6.7	1.5	11.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,385	655	735	4.9	4.8	5.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	655	175	475	2.3	1.3	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	530	315	215	1.9	2.3	1.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	185	150	35	0.7	1.1	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	16,300	7,780	8,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,965	3,445	3,520	42.7	44.3	41.3
Education	520	140	385	3.2	1.8	4.5
13. Education	520	140	385	3.2	1.8	4.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	265	115	150	1.6	1.5	1.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	225	90	145	1.4	1.2	1.7
Humanities	340	130	215	2.1	1.7	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	65	10	55	0.4	0.1	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	120	45	75	0.7	0.6	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	30	15	0.2	0.4	0.2
54. History	50	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,220	370	850	7.5	4.8	10.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	35	55	0.6	0.4	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	345	30	320	2.1	0.4	3.8
22. Legal professions and studies	170	45	120	1.0	0.6	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	200	65	135	1.2	0.8	1.6
45. Social sciences	375	190	185	2.3	2.4	2.2
Business, management and public administration	1,800	680	1,130	11.0	8.7	13.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	195	35	160	1.2	0.4	1.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,605	635	970	9.8	8.2	11.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	300	120	180	1.8	1.5	2.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	135	40	95	0.8	0.5	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	60	35	20	0.4	0.4	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	240	170	70	1.5	2.2	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	195	150	45	1.2	1.9	0.5
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,915	1,755	160	11.7	22.6	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	55	40	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
14. Engineering	170	125	40	1.0	1.6	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	515	440	70	3.2	5.7	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	365	355	10	2.2	4.6	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	520	515	0	3.2	6.6	0.0
48. Precision production	295	280	15	1.8	3.6	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	275	145	130	1.7	1.9	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	210	100	110	1.3	1.3	1.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	45	25	0.4	0.6	0.3
Health and related fields	1,405	210	1,195	8.6	2.7	14.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	155	70	85	1.0	0.9	1.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,225	125	1,095	7.5	1.6	12.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,050	515	535	6.4	6.6	6.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	495	155	340	3.0	2.0	4.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	430	255	175	2.6	3.3	2.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	125	105	20	0.8	1.3	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	16,300	7,780	8,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,965	3,445	3,520	42.7	44.3	41.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	9,335	4,335	5,000	57.3	55.7	58.7
Location of study inside Canada	8,020	3,825	4,190	49.2	49.2	49.2
Same as province or territory of residence	7,600	3,620	3,985	46.6	46.5	46.8
Different than province or territory of residence	420	210	210	2.6	2.7	2.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,315	505	810	8.1	6.5	9.5
Americas	790	285	500	4.8	3.7	5.9
United States of America	660	230	430	4.0	3.0	5.0
Mexico	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	70	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Europe	210	100	110	1.3	1.3	1.3
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Poland	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	75	35	45	0.5	0.4	0.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Africa	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	285	105	180	1.7	1.3	2.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
China⁹⁰	65	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Taiwan	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	40	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.4
Philippines	75	20	55	0.5	0.3	0.6
Viet Nam	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	28,095	13,675	14,420	...	...	...
In the labour force	15,405	7,900	7,505	...	...	...
Employed	13,040	6,815	6,230	...	...	...
Unemployed	2,365	1,090	1,280	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	12,690	5,775	6,915	...	...	...
Participation rate	54.8	57.8	52.0	54.8	57.8	52.0
Employment rate	46.4	49.8	43.2	46.4	49.8	43.2
Unemployment rate	15.4	13.8	17.1	15.4	13.8	17.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	28,095	13,675	14,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	12,915	5,955	6,955	46.0	43.5	48.2
Worked	15,180	7,715	7,465	54.0	56.4	51.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	7,675	4,330	3,350	27.3	31.7	23.2
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	7,505	3,390	4,120	26.7	24.8	28.6
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.3	41.2	39.3	40.3	41.2	39.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	15,410	7,905	7,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	505	275	235	3.3	3.5	3.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	14,900	7,625	7,275	96.7	96.5	96.9
Employee	12,745	6,380	6,365	82.7	80.7	84.8
Permanent position	10,720	5,335	5,390	69.6	67.5	71.8
Temporary position	2,020	1,045	980	13.1	13.2	13.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	570	265	305	3.7	3.4	4.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,450	775	670	9.4	9.8	8.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,160	1,245	910	14.0	15.7	12.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	15,410	7,905	7,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	505	275	235	3.3	3.5	3.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	14,900	7,625	7,275	96.7	96.5	96.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	85	70	15	0.6	0.9	0.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,200	585	1,615	14.3	7.4	21.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	735	565	170	4.8	7.1	2.3
3 Health occupations	1,070	125	945	6.9	1.6	12.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,610	570	1,045	10.4	7.2	13.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	385	175	210	2.5	2.2	2.8
6 Sales and service occupations	4,300	1,685	2,615	27.9	21.3	34.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,140	2,885	255	20.4	36.5	3.4
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	455	340	115	3.0	4.3	1.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	915	630	290	5.9	8.0	3.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	15,410	7,905	7,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	505	275	235	3.3	3.5	3.1
All industries¹⁹¹	14,900	7,625	7,275	96.7	96.5	96.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	235	140	95	1.5	1.8	1.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
22 Utilities	135	105	25	0.9	1.3	0.3
23 Construction	1,415	1,250	165	9.2	15.8	2.2
31-33 Manufacturing	1,610	1,165	445	10.4	14.7	5.9
41 Wholesale trade	365	230	140	2.4	2.9	1.9
44-45 Retail trade	1,855	795	1,060	12.0	10.1	14.1
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	965	550	410	6.3	7.0	5.5
51 Information and cultural industries	135	90	45	0.9	1.1	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	370	110	265	2.4	1.4	3.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	240	110	125	1.6	1.4	1.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	750	330	415	4.9	4.2	5.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	725	415	310	4.7	5.2	4.1
61 Educational services	780	220	560	5.1	2.8	7.5
62 Health care and social assistance	1,745	240	1,510	11.3	3.0	20.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	590	320	270	3.8	4.0	3.6
72 Accommodation and food services	1,275	540	735	8.3	6.8	9.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	815	450	365	5.3	5.7	4.9
91 Public administration	850	535	315	5.5	6.8	4.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	16,420	8,375	8,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	15,985	8,165	7,820	97.4	97.5	97.1
French	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
English and French	160	60	95	1.0	0.7	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	185	100	85	1.1	1.2	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	16,420	8,375	8,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	16,365	8,345	8,020	99.7	99.6	99.6
Official languages	16,295	8,320	7,975	99.2	99.3	99.1
English	16,245	8,300	7,945	98.9	99.1	98.7
French	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Non-official languages	65	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	65	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Chinese languages	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	20	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	60	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	16,420	8,375	8,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	16,110	8,220	7,885	98.1	98.1	98.0
English	45	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
French	120	55	65	0.7	0.7	0.8
Non-official language	105	60	45	0.6	0.7	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	105	60	45	0.6	0.7	0.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	13,040	6,810	6,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,225	885	1,335	17.1	13.0	21.4
Worked outside Canada	335	170	165	2.6	2.5	2.7
No fixed workplace address	1,790	1,330	460	13.7	19.5	7.4
Usual place of work	8,690	4,430	4,260	66.6	65.1	68.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	8,690	4,430	4,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,765	2,275	2,490	54.8	51.4	58.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,265	1,680	1,585	37.6	37.9	37.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	635	450	180	7.3	10.2	4.2
Commute to a different province or territory	30	25	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	10,475	5,755	4,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	9,885	5,465	4,420	94.4	95.0	93.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	9,175	5,100	4,080	87.6	88.6	86.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	705	365	340	6.7	6.3	7.2
Public transit	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Walked	310	130	180	3.0	2.3	3.8
Bicycle	60	55	10	0.6	1.0	0.2
Other method	195	90	105	1.9	1.6	2.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	10,475	5,755	4,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,030	1,970	2,050	38.5	34.2	43.4
15 to 29 minutes	3,130	1,760	1,370	29.9	30.6	29.0
30 to 44 minutes	2,235	1,270	965	21.3	22.1	20.4
45 to 59 minutes	465	280	185	4.4	4.9	3.9
60 minutes and over	625	475	145	6.0	8.3	3.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	10,475	5,755	4,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	975	695	280	9.3	12.1	5.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,820	1,255	565	17.4	21.8	12.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,670	1,555	1,115	25.5	27.0	23.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,135	870	1,260	20.4	15.1	26.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,270	560	710	12.1	9.7	15.0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,610	820	790	15.4	14.2	16.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	5,495	2,800	2,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	400	205	195	7.3	7.3	7.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,095	2,595	2,500	92.7	92.7	92.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,080	2,080	1,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	310	170	145	7.6	8.2	7.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	195	100	95	4.8	4.8	4.8
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	120	70	50	2.9	3.4	2.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,765	1,915	1,855	92.3	92.1	93.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed December 8, 2025).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2024-08-02

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