Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Revelstoke, City (CY)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	8,275	...	...
Population, 2016¹	7,562^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	9.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,739	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,354	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	200.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	41.28	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	8,275	4,230	4,045
0 to 14 years	1,300	665	635
0 to 4 years	445	220	225
5 to 9 years	455	230	230
10 to 14 years	390	215	180
15 to 64 years	5,850	3,020	2,825
15 to 19 years	335	170	165
20 to 24 years	390	205	185
25 to 29 years	735	395	340
30 to 34 years	960	475	485
35 to 39 years	845	430	415
40 to 44 years	695	340	350
45 to 49 years	510	295	215
50 to 54 years	425	200	220
55 to 59 years	470	260	215
60 to 64 years	485	245	240
65 years and over	1,130	540	585
65 to 69 years	415	210	205
70 to 74 years	285	135	145
75 to 79 years	185	90	95
80 to 84 years	125	65	65
85 years and over	120	45	75
85 to 89 years	85	35	50
90 to 94 years	30	5	20
95 to 99 years	10	0	5
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.7	15.7	15.7
15 to 64 years	70.7	71.4	69.8
65 years and over	13.7	12.8	14.5
85 years and over	1.5	1.1	1.9
Average age of the population	39.2	38.9	39.5
Median age of the population	37.6	37.6	37.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,355	...	...
Single-detached house	2,540	...	...
Semi-detached house	190	...	...
Row house	90	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	340	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	15	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	55	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,355	...	...
1 person	870	...	...
2 persons	1,225	...	...
3 persons	520	...	...
4 persons	510	...	...
5 or more persons	240	...	...
Number of persons in private households	8,185	4,180	4,000
Average household size	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,980	3,565	3,415
Married or living common-law	4,105	2,050	2,050
Married	2,680	1,340	1,340
Living common-law	1,425	710	715
Living common law - Never married	1,195	590	605
Living common law - Separated	35	15	15
Living common law - Divorced	185	95	90
Living common law - Widowed	10	5	10
Not married and not living common-law	2,875	1,515	1,360
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,080	1,215	870
Not married and not living common law - Separated	140	60	75
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	380	180	195
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	275	60	215
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,300	...	...
2 persons	1,330	...	...
3 persons	440	...	...
4 persons	425	...	...
5 or more persons	100	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,300	...	...
Total couple families	2,020	...	...
Married couples	1,305	...	...
With children⁶	660	...	...
Without children	640	...	...
Common-law couples	710	...	...
With children⁶	200	...	...
Without children	510	...	...
Total one-parent families	280	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	205	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	75	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	8,185	4,185	4,000
Total - Persons in census families	6,215	3,085	3,130
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,035	2,010	2,020
Parents in one-parent families	285	70	210
Children⁶	1,900	995	900
In a two-parent family	1,490	755	730
In a one-parent family	415	240	170
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,965	1,100	865
Living alone	870	460	410
Living with other relatives⁷	105	60	45
Living with non-relatives only	995	580	410
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,355	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,895	...	...
Couple-family households	1,680	...	...
With children⁶	770	...	...
Without children	910	...	...
One-parent-family households	215	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	40	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	55	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	225	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	270	...	...
One-person households	870	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,885	3,520	3,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,765	3,460	3,305
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	54,000	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,765	3,460	3,305
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	47,600	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,390	3,320	3,070
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	46,400	28,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,365	2,795	2,565
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	46,000	27,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,635	2,715	2,920
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,500	8,900	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,100	580	520
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,400	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,350	1,130	1,215
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,885	3,520	3,370
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,735	3,450	3,280
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,750	61,800	43,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,735	3,460	3,280
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,480	52,300	38,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,410	3,320	3,090
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,160	55,700	35,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,370	2,770	2,600
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,680	55,700	34,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,475	2,645	2,830
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,820	10,770	10,880
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,100	615	480
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,560	6,260	6,920
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,260	1,115	1,145
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,430	8,100	8,760
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,890	3,520	3,365
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,100	1,200	905
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,000	76,500	51,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,700	80,800	57,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,785	1,335	1,445
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,600	26,800	19,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,320	38,480	24,700
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.4	86.6	78.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	69.0	72.2	64.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.7	13.3	21.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.8	2.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.4	5.0	8.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.4	4.2	7.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,885	3,515	3,365
Without total income	120	55	65
With total income	6,765	3,460	3,300
Under $10,000 (including loss)	435	175	260
$10,000 to $19,999	600	250	350
$20,000 to $29,999	925	365	560
$30,000 to $39,999	1,000	405	590
$40,000 to $49,999	870	385	490
$50,000 to $59,999	690	365	325
$60,000 to $69,999	580	350	225
$70,000 to $79,999	425	260	160
$80,000 to $89,999	320	210	115
$90,000 to $99,999	235	160	75
$100,000 and over	695	535	165
$100,000 to $149,999	545	430	115
$150,000 and over	155	100	50
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,885	3,515	3,365
Without after-tax income	120	55	65
With after-tax income	6,765	3,460	3,300
Under $10,000 (including loss)	460	180	285
$10,000 to $19,999	635	275	365
$20,000 to $29,999	1,090	440	650
$30,000 to $39,999	1,170	480	695
$40,000 to $49,999	940	475	470
$50,000 to $59,999	765	445	320
$60,000 to $69,999	550	345	200
$70,000 to $79,999	350	225	125
$80,000 to $89,999	280	205	75
$90,000 to $99,999	160	120	35
$100,000 and over	345	265	85
$100,000 to $124,999	245	195	45
$125,000 and over	105	70	35
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,885	3,515	3,365
Without employment income	1,520	720	795
With employment income	5,365	2,800	2,570
Under $5,000 (including loss)	555	225	335
$5,000 to $9,999	410	165	240
$10,000 to $19,999	750	340	410
$20,000 to $29,999	650	285	370
$30,000 to $39,999	535	255	275
$40,000 to $49,999	460	220	240
$50,000 to $59,999	420	200	215
$60,000 to $69,999	345	220	120
$70,000 to $79,999	300	190	105
$80,000 to $89,999	220	145	75
$90,000 to $99,999	175	120	55
$100,000 and over	545	425	125
$100,000 to $124,999	295	220	70
$125,000 and over	255	205	50
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,885	3,520	3,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,665	3,405	3,255
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	51,600	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,675	3,405	3,265
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	45,200	30,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,340	3,280	3,060
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	48,000	29,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,465	2,845	2,620
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	44,800	29,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,465	1,990	2,475
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,920	4,560	5,160
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	855	450	405
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,080	6,000	6,080
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,885	3,520	3,370
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,660	3,420	3,235
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,040	59,600	39,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,660	3,420	3,235
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,480	49,840	34,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,345	3,300	3,045
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,160	56,750	36,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,460	2,835	2,625
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,760	55,200	35,560
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,360	1,940	2,425
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,730	8,500	7,120
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	855	440	415
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,740	7,920	7,520
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,890	3,520	3,365
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,065	1,185	885
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,200	75,500	48,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	68,600	79,000	54,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,700	1,315	1,385
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,000	33,600	22,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,160	42,400	28,320
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.8	92.0	86.6
Employment income (%)	75.0	76.8	72.2
Government transfers (%)	10.1	8.1	13.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.7	2.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,355	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	870	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,485	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,350	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	91,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	870	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,485	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,355	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	100	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	75	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	90	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	105	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	100	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	205	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	220	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	225	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	210	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,605	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	490	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	375	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	450	...	...
$200,000 and over	285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,355	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	95	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	110	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	100	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	115	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	125	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	245	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	270	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	245	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	285	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	240	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,280	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	505	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	345	...	...
$150,000 and over	425	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,285	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,090	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	880	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	260	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,865	1,040	825
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,200	43,600	38,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	39,200	34,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,275	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,105	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	105,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	880	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	270	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,910	1,070	840
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,920	51,000	41,700
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,880	43,800	37,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	8,185	4,185	4,000
0 to 17 years	1,510	770	740
0 to 5 years	545	270	275
18 to 64 years	5,600	2,900	2,700
65 years and over	1,075	520	555
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	550	250	295
0 to 17 years	100	45	55
0 to 5 years	30	5	20
18 to 64 years	315	160	155
65 years and over	140	45	85
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.7	6.0	7.5
0 to 17 years (%)	6.5	5.6	7.4
0 to 5 years (%)	4.8	2.5	7.2
18 to 64 years (%)	5.6	5.5	5.7
65 years and over (%)	12.6	9.2	15.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	8,185	4,185	4,000
0 to 17 years	1,510	765	745
0 to 5 years	545	265	280
18 to 64 years	5,605	2,900	2,705
65 years and over	1,070	515	555
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	250	135	115
0 to 17 years	40	15	20
0 to 5 years	10	0	5
18 to 64 years	195	120	80
65 years and over	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	3.3	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	2.6	1.8	3.2
0 to 5 years (%)	1.2	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.5	4.1	3.0
65 years and over (%)	1.4	0.8	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	8,185	4,180	4,000
In bottom half of the distribution	3,865	1,965	1,900
In bottom decile	660	335	325
In second decile	765	370	395
In third decile	775	405	370
In fourth decile	800	405	400
In fifth decile	870	455	415
In top half of the distribution	4,320	2,220	2,100
In sixth decile	885	450	435
In seventh decile	1,050	520	530
In eighth decile	910	465	440
In ninth decile	845	450	395
In top decile	635	335	300
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	8,185	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.270	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.351	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.245	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	8,235	4,215	4,025
English only	7,250	3,755	3,500
French only	15	5	10
English and French	930	450	485
Neither English nor French	40	15	25
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	8,235	4,215	4,025
English	7,810	3,995	3,815
French	385	205	180
English and French	15	10	5
Neither English nor French	30	5	20
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	8,235	4,215	4,025
Single responses	8,070	4,150	3,920
Official languages	7,395	3,845	3,545
English	7,005	3,635	3,370
French	385	210	175
Non-official languages	680	310	370
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	5	5	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	5	5	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	675	305	370
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	70	30	40
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	5	0	5
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	30	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	455	205	250
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	45	60
Baltic languages	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0
Slavic languages	100	40	60
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	50	20	35
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10
Russian	10	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	150	65	90
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	120	50	70
German	105	40	60
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	10	10
Afrikaans	5	0	0
Dutch	20	10	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	10
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5
Swedish	5	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	40	25	15
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	15
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	140	65	70
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	105	45	60
Portuguese	15	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	20	15	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	30	10	25
Korean	35	20	15
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	15	25
Chinese languages	40	15	25
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	20
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	10
Estonian	0	5	0
Finnish	10	0	5
Hungarian	5	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	160	65	100
English and French	70	25	40
English and non-official language(s)	80	35	50
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	8,235	4,215	4,025
English	7,285	3,760	3,525
French	130	70	65
Non-official language	145	65	75
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	145	65	75
English and French	225	110	115
English and non-official language(s)	420	195	230
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	8,235	4,215	4,025
Single responses	8,140	4,170	3,975
Official languages	7,855	4,030	3,830
English	7,670	3,935	3,735
French	185	95	90
Non-official languages	280	135	145
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	280	135	145
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	25	25
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	25	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	135	65	70
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	10	25
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	25	10	20
German	15	5	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	5
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	25	25
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	25	10	15
Portuguese	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	20	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	10
Korean	35	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	15
Chinese languages	25	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	95	45	45
English and French	45	25	15
English and non-official language(s)	50	20	25
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	8,235	4,215	4,020
None	7,650	3,940	3,710
English	160	80	85
French	130	65	70
Non-official language	250	110	135
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	250	110	135
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	5
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	8,180	4,185	4,000
Official languages	8,160	4,175	3,985
English	8,140	4,175	3,965
French	945	495	450
Non-official languages	1,135	580	555
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,135	580	555
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	20	15
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	40	20	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	70	40	30
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	35	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	855	425	430
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	125	50	75
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	125	50	75
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	55	30	25
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	20	15	0
Russian	30	10	20
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	350	150	200
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	290	130	160
German	285	130	155
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	15	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	25	15	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	60	20	40
Danish	25	0	25
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	35	20	15
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	70	30	40
Indo-Aryan languages	65	25	40
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	40	20	25
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	15	25
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	10	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	345	195	150
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	150	80	65
Portuguese	25	15	10
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	175	95	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	30	10	15
Korean	30	20	15
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	20	30
Chinese languages	50	20	30
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	15	25
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	30	10	20
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,185	4,185	4,000
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	400	215	185
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	370	205	165
First Nations (North American Indian)	190	115	75
Métis	185	85	100
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	20	10
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	7,780	3,965	3,815
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,185	4,185	4,000
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	80	55	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,105	4,125	3,980
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,350	...	...
Owner	2,510	...	...
Renter	845	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,350	...	...
Condominium	210	...	...
Not condominium	3,140	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,350	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...
1 bedroom	310	...	...
2 bedrooms	815	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,085	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,350	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	875	...	...
5 rooms	525	...	...
6 rooms	495	...	...
7 rooms	370	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,085	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,350	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,305	...	...
More than one person per room	45	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,350	...	...
Suitable	3,225	...	...
Not suitable	130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,350	...	...
1960 or before	780	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,445	...	...
1981 to 1990	245	...	...
1991 to 2000	330	...	...
2001 to 2005	80	...	...
2006 to 2010	185	...	...
2011 to 2015	95	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	195	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,350	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,100	...	...
Major repairs needed	255	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,350	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,505	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,515	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	330	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,350	...	...
15 to 24 years	100	...	...
25 to 34 years	630	...	...
35 to 44 years	775	...	...
45 to 54 years	535	...	...
55 to 64 years	590	...	...
65 to 74 years	435	...	...
75 to 84 years	210	...	...
85 years and over	75	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,345	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,760	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	590	...	...
30% to less than 100%	535	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,355	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	900	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	520	...	...
Not suitable only	105	...	...
Major repairs needed only	195	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,455	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,295	...	...
In core need	175	...	...
Not in core need	3,120	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,510	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	58.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	13.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,340	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,442	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	695,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	678,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	845	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	15.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,300	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,452	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	8,185	4,185	3,995
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	105	45	55
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	105	45	55
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	80	45	40
Métis single ancestry	25	0	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	360	145	215
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	360	145	215
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	270	100	165
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	90	40	45
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	7,715	3,995	3,725
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	8,185	4,185	4,000
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	7,450	3,780	3,675
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,490	760	730
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,960	3,020	2,945
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	735	405	330
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	8,185	4,185	4,000
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	6,940	3,515	3,420
Immigrants⁸¹	955	490	475
Before 1980	230	135	95
1980 to 1990	65	40	20
1991 to 2000	70	25	45
2001 to 2010	115	55	55
2011 to 2021⁸²	480	225	255
2011 to 2015	155	75	85
2016 to 2021	325	150	175
Non-permanent residents⁸³	290	185	110
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	955	485	470
Under 5 years	80	50	25
5 to 14 years	160	90	75
15 to 24 years	155	55	100
25 to 44 years	515	265	250
45 years and over	45	25	20
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	955	485	470
Americas	140	70	65
Brazil	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	115	60	55
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	495	240	255
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	10	10	0
Germany	75	30	40
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	80	45	35
Netherlands	30	25	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	10	10	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	155	80	75
Other places of birth in Europe	105	35	75
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	170	70	95
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	10
Philippines	65	35	30
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	25	0	15
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	20
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	160	105	55
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	325	150	175
Americas	35	0	35
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	35	0	30
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	125	55	70
France	10	10	0
Germany	20	0	15
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	50	30	25
Other places of birth in Europe	35	10	25
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	70	35	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	40	25	20
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10
Oceania and other⁹³	90	60	30
Australia	70	35	30
Other places of birth⁹⁸	20	20	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	8,180	4,185	4,000
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,390	730	660
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,360	670	685
Third generation or more¹⁰²	5,440	2,785	2,655
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	730	350	380
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	480	245	235
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	270	160	105
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	210	85	125
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	240	100	145
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	730	350	380
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	390	205	190
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	35	20	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	35	20	15
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	20	0	15
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	245	100	145
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	8,185	4,185	4,000
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	540	270	270
South Asian	135	80	55
Chinese	45	20	25
Black	30	10	20
Filipino	50	25	25
Arab	35	20	15
Latin American	45	30	20
Southeast Asian	35	20	15
West Asian	20	10	10
Korean	35	25	20
Japanese	80	35	45
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	10
Multiple visible minorities	10	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	7,645	3,915	3,725
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	8,185	4,185	4,000
Canadian	1,125	585	540
English	2,575	1,290	1,290
Irish	1,425	710	715
Scottish	1,915	895	1,020
French, n.o.s.¹²²	990	490	500
German	1,175	545	635
Chinese	50	25	30
Italian	725	370	355
Indian (India)	75	40	40
Ukrainian	580	300	275
Dutch	370	215	155
Polish	310	185	120
Québécois	20	15	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	380	200	185
Filipino	80	40	40
French Canadian	130	55	75
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	100	60	40
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	130	65	60
Métis	115	45	65
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	275	135	140
Russian	170	100	70
Norwegian	360	165	195
Welsh	145	70	70
Portuguese	35	25	10
American	135	60	75
Spanish	15	10	0
Swedish	280	120	165
Hungarian	110	50	55
Acadian	30	10	20
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0
Jewish	20	0	10
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	15	0	10
Greek	35	15	20
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	30	10	20
Korean	40	25	15
Romanian	30	0	30
Lebanese	10	0	10
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	145	70	80
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	105	25	75
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	105	55	50
Belgian	25	20	0
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	30	25	0
Mennonite	10	0	10
Swiss	90	35	60
Finnish	190	100	90
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	30	20	15
Japanese	90	35	55
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	15	0	10
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	25	10	15
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	20	15	10
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	90	40	50
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	10
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	0
Slovak	15	10	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0	10
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	10	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	135	90	50
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	20	10	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	25	15	15
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	0	15
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	35	20	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	10	10
Estonian	20	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	100	55	45
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	10	0	10
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	8,185	4,185	4,000
Buddhist	40	15	25
Christian	2,265	1,065	1,195
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	355	155	200
Anabaptist	10	0	10
Anglican	205	95	105
Baptist	135	80	60
Catholic	920	475	445
Christian Orthodox	20	10	15
Jehovah's Witness	30	10	20
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	110	35	70
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	20	10	10
Presbyterian	20	10	10
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	320	115	205
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	115	65	50
Hindu	40	25	15
Jewish	10	0	0
Muslim	55	25	30
Sikh	35	15	20
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	95	40	55
No religion and secular perspectives	5,645	3,000	2,645
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	8,090	4,135	3,950
Non-movers	6,705	3,425	3,280
Movers	1,385	710	670
Non-migrants	705	375	335
Migrants	680	340	340
Internal migrants	575	300	275
Intraprovincial migrants	385	200	180
Interprovincial migrants	190	100	90
External migrants	105	40	65
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	7,795	3,985	3,810
Non-movers	4,290	2,130	2,160
Movers	3,505	1,855	1,650
Non-migrants	1,390	725	670
Migrants	2,115	1,130	980
Internal migrants	1,650	885	765
Intraprovincial migrants	865	420	435
Interprovincial migrants	790	460	330
External migrants	460	245	215
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,890	3,520	3,365
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	930	575	350
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,960	2,940	3,015
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,055	2,600	2,455
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	360	245	110
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,700	2,355	2,345
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,885	3,520	3,365
No certificate, diploma or degree	760	440	315
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,000	955	1,045
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,130	2,120	2,005
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,445	1,365	1,075
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	930	725	210
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	370	240	130
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	565	485	80
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,305	580	725
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	200	65	140
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,690	755	935
Bachelor's degree	1,225	570	655
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	120	55	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	20	30
Master's degree	275	105	170
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,060	2,605	2,460
No certificate, diploma or degree	240	160	85
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,320	665	650
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,495	1,770	1,725
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,035	1,135	900
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	760	585	170
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	295	195	95
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	465	385	75
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,110	500	610
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	170	50	120
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,455	640	820
Bachelor's degree	1,070	485	585
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	40	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	15	30
Master's degree	240	90	145
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,885	3,520	3,365
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,755	1,395	1,360
Education	275	65	210
13. Education	275	65	210
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	140	45	90
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	130	45	90
Humanities	200	95	110
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	45	10	40
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	35	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0
54. History	30	25	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	445	140	305
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	20	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	10	65
22. Legal professions and studies	45	10	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10
42. Psychology	65	15	50
45. Social sciences	190	80	110
Business, management and public administration	670	220	450
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	0	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	620	210	410
Physical and life sciences and technologies	205	115	90
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	80	35	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	25	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	80	50	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	50	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	40	0
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	910	820	90
04. Architecture and related services	35	15	20
14. Engineering	135	115	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	140	115	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	290	265	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	235	230	0
48. Precision production	75	75	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	235	120	110
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	0	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	200	115	85
Health and related fields	565	160	405
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	180	105	75
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	375	55	320
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	425	295	130
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	260	140	120
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	35	35	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	125	120	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,055	2,600	2,455
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,560	825	735
Education	210	40	170
13. Education	210	40	170
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	45	80
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	115	45	75
Humanities	170	80	95
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	35	10	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	20	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0
54. History	25	20	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	370	105	265
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	15	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	0	50
22. Legal professions and studies	30	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10
42. Psychology	50	10	50
45. Social sciences	160	65	100
Business, management and public administration	555	175	380
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	520	175	345
Physical and life sciences and technologies	190	100	85
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	25	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	20	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	75	40	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	50	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	40	0
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	740	665	75
04. Architecture and related services	35	15	10
14. Engineering	120	105	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	105	90	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	230	200	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	190	185	0
48. Precision production	65	55	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	205	95	110
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	0	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	165	85	75
Health and related fields	490	145	340
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	170	95	75
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	315	50	260
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	385	275	110
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	240	135	105
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	35	35	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	105	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,055	2,600	2,455
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,560	825	735
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,495	1,775	1,725
Location of study inside Canada	2,860	1,395	1,465
Same as province or territory of residence	1,595	750	840
Different than province or territory of residence	1,265	640	615
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	635	380	260
Americas	105	60	50
United States of America	80	40	40
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	240	140	100
Belgium	0	0	0
France	25	15	10
Germany	35	20	15
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	95	60	35
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	55	25	30
Africa	30	15	15
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	20	10	10
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	90	55	40
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	25	15	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	30	30	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	175	115	60
Australia	115	75	40
New Zealand	55	40	20
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,885	3,520	3,370
In the labour force	5,015	2,640	2,370
Employed	4,510	2,365	2,140
Unemployed	500	275	225
Not in the labour force	1,875	880	995
Participation rate	72.8	75.0	70.3
Employment rate	65.5	67.2	63.5
Unemployment rate	10.0	10.4	9.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,885	3,520	3,365
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,820	890	930
Worked	5,065	2,630	2,435
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,165	1,240	925
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,895	1,390	1,505
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.9	40.5	39.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,010	2,645	2,370
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	10	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,995	2,630	2,360
Employee	4,250	2,220	2,025
Permanent position	3,285	1,700	1,595
Temporary position	960	520	435
Fixed term (1 year or more)	215	115	100
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	745	410	335
Self-employed¹⁹²	745	415	335
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,010	2,645	2,370
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	10	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,995	2,630	2,360
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	45	10	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	580	120	460
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	330	225	110
3 Health occupations	270	35	235
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	435	130	305
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	145	40	105
6 Sales and service occupations	1,625	700	925
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,165	1,070	95
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	185	125	60
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	215	180	35
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,010	2,645	2,370
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	10	10
All industries¹⁹¹	4,995	2,630	2,360
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	165	130	35
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	30	0
22 Utilities	85	60	20
23 Construction	480	415	65
31-33 Manufacturing	320	265	60
41 Wholesale trade	25	20	0
44-45 Retail trade	485	195	285
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	335	280	55
51 Information and cultural industries	40	10	30
52 Finance and insurance	150	20	135
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	50	30	25
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	315	125	185
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	90	45	45
61 Educational services	250	75	175
62 Health care and social assistance	485	55	430
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	330	165	170
72 Accommodation and food services	910	515	395
81 Other services (except public administration)	205	80	125
91 Public administration	235	125	110
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,420	2,820	2,600
English	5,235	2,740	2,490
French	15	0	15
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	125	60	60
English and non-official language(s)	30	0	25
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,420	2,820	2,600
Single responses	5,400	2,805	2,595
Official languages	5,385	2,800	2,585
English	5,335	2,780	2,550
French	50	15	30
Non-official languages	25	10	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	0
Chinese languages	15	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	10
English and French	10	10	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,420	2,820	2,600
None	5,275	2,755	2,520
English	45	20	25
French	80	40	35
Non-official language	15	0	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	15
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,510	2,365	2,140
Worked at home	535	185	350
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	805	605	200
Usual place of work	3,165	1,570	1,595
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,160	1,570	1,590
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,035	1,495	1,535
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	30	30	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	75	30	45
Commute to a different province or territory	20	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,970	2,180	1,790
Car, truck or van	2,985	1,695	1,285
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,785	1,635	1,155
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	190	65	130
Public transit	10	0	0
Walked	395	180	215
Bicycle	490	260	230
Other method	95	35	55
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,970	2,180	1,790
Less than 15 minutes	3,055	1,595	1,455
15 to 29 minutes	570	340	230
30 to 44 minutes	120	55	65
45 to 59 minutes	40	35	10
60 minutes and over	185	155	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,970	2,180	1,790
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	265	200	70
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	560	415	150
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	835	510	320
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,200	465	735
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	440	145	290
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	665	440	230
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,540	780	755
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	225	110	115
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,315	665	650
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,055	535	515
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	165	90	80
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	110	55	50
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60	30	30
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	890	455	435

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed January 18, 2026).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2025-12-10

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