Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
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Age
Age characteristics
Commuting
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Commuting destination
Commuting duration
Main mode of commuting
Place of work status
Time leaving for work
Education
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Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Ethnocultural and religious diversity
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Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Income
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Income of economic families in 2020
Income of households in 2020
Income of individuals in 2019
Income of individuals in 2020
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Indigenous peoples
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Select all: Instruction in the minority official language
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Labour
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Class of worker including job permanency
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Labour force status
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Work activity during the reference year
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Population and dwelling counts
Population and dwellings
Type of dwelling
Household and dwelling characteristics
GenderMore information:


Statistic:
Characteristic OntarioMore information:

[Province]
Counts Rates
Total Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 20211 14,223,942 ...
Population, 20161 13,448,494 ...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021 5.8 5.8
Total private dwellings2 5,929,250 ...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents3 5,491,201 ...
Population density per square kilometre 15.9 15.9
Land area in square kilometres 892,411.76 ...
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data 5,491,200 100.0
Single-detached house 2,942,990 53.6
Semi-detached house 303,260 5.5
Row house 505,265 9.2
Apartment or flat in a duplex 181,030 3.3
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys 548,785 10.0
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys 984,665 17.9
Other single-attached house 10,220 0.2
Movable dwelling4 14,985 0.3
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data 5,491,205 100.0
1 person 1,452,540 26.5
2 persons 1,798,040 32.7
3 persons 872,480 15.9
4 persons 825,445 15.0
5 or more persons 542,700 9.9
Number of persons in private households 14,031,750 100.0
Average household size 2.6 2.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data 5,491,200 100.0
One-census-family households without additional persons 3,347,195 61.0
Couple-family households 2,841,660 51.7
With children6 1,517,365 27.6
Without children 1,324,295 24.1
One-parent-family households 505,535 9.2
Multigenerational households8 221,120 4.0
Multiple-census-family households9 45,215 0.8
One-census-family households with additional persons9 184,430 3.4
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households 240,700 4.4
One-person households 1,452,540 26.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data50 5,491,200 100.0
Owner 3,755,720 68.4
Renter 1,724,970 31.4
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band 10,510 0.2
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data51 5,491,200 100.0
Condominium 822,780 15.0
Not condominium 4,668,425 85.0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data52 5,491,200 100.0
No bedrooms 48,740 0.9
1 bedroom 769,570 14.0
2 bedrooms 1,205,540 22.0
3 bedrooms 1,918,935 34.9
4 or more bedrooms 1,548,420 28.2
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data53 5,491,200 100.0
1 to 4 rooms 1,579,320 28.8
5 rooms 775,580 14.1
6 rooms 791,100 14.4
7 rooms 708,205 12.9
8 or more rooms 1,636,990 29.8
Average number of rooms per dwelling 6.2 6.2
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data54 5,491,200 100.0
One person or fewer per room 5,328,575 97.0
More than one person per room 162,625 3.0
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data55 5,491,200 100.0
Suitable 5,122,185 93.3
Not suitable 369,015 6.7
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data56 5,491,200 100.0
1960 or before 1,247,430 22.7
1961 to 1980 1,456,110 26.5
1981 to 1990 711,940 13.0
1991 to 2000 644,080 11.7
2001 to 2005 385,045 7.0
2006 to 2010 348,760 6.4
2011 to 2015 328,735 6.0
2016 to 202157 369,095 6.7
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data58 5,491,200 100.0
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed 5,177,155 94.3
Major repairs needed 314,050 5.7
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data59 5,491,200 100.0
One-maintainer household 2,677,880 48.8
Two-maintainer household 2,506,110 45.6
Three-or-more-maintainer household 307,210 5.6
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data60 5,491,200 100.0
15 to 24 years 126,385 2.3
25 to 34 years 727,305 13.2
35 to 44 years 930,410 16.9
45 to 54 years 1,013,210 18.5
55 to 64 years 1,149,345 20.9
65 to 74 years 876,960 16.0
75 to 84 years 481,250 8.8
85 years and over 186,330 3.4
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data61 5,415,420 100.0
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs 4,103,320 75.8
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs 1,312,095 24.2
30% to less than 100% 1,169,040 21.6
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data62 5,491,205 100.0
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed' 1,802,285 32.8
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only 1,150,405 20.9
Not suitable only 262,900 4.8
Major repairs needed only 201,870 3.7
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' 74,930 1.4
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed' 80,990 1.5
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed' 25,420 0.5
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed' 5,765 0.1
Acceptable housing 3,688,915 67.2
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data63 5,272,360 100.0
In core need 639,805 12.1
Not in core need 4,632,550 87.9
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 3,718,255 ...
% of owner households with a mortgage64 59.7 59.7
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs61 17.7 17.7
% in core housing need63 6.4 6.4
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)65 1,440 1,440
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)65 1,700 1,700
Median value of dwellings ($)66 700,000 700,000
Average value of dwellings ($)66 807,000 807,000
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 1,722,000 ...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing67 13.7 13.7
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs61 38.4 38.4
% in core housing need63 24.9 24.9
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)65 1,300 1,300
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)65 1,408 1,408
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data 10,510 ...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs61 8.7 8.7
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)65 324 324
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)65 380 380

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Note: Gender

Gender refers to an individual's personal and social identity as a man, woman or non-binary person (a person who is not exclusively a man or a woman).

Gender includes the following concepts:

  • gender identity, which refers to the gender that a person feels internally and individually;
  • gender expression, which refers to the way a person presents their gender, regardless of their gender identity, through body language, aesthetic choices or accessories (e.g., clothes, hairstyle and makeup), which may have traditionally been associated with a specific gender.

A person's gender may differ from their sex at birth, and from what is indicated on their current identification or legal documents such as their birth certificate, passport or driver's licence. A person's gender may change over time.

Some people may not identify with a specific gender.

Given that the non-binary population is small, data aggregation to a two-category gender variable is sometimes necessary to protect the confidentiality of responses provided. In these cases, individuals in the category "non-binary persons" are distributed into the other two gender categories and are denoted by the "＋" symbol.

"Men＋" includes men (and/or boys), as well as some non-binary persons.

"Women＋" includes women (and/or girls), as well as some non-binary persons.

Source

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed March 22, 2025).

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2021 and 2016 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

Private dwelling refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

A private dwelling occupied by usual residents refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 11, 2021.

Footnote 4

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Footnote 6

There is no age restriction on children. Includes children living with a grandparent or grandparents without a parent present.

Footnote 8

Multigenerational households represent all households where there is at least one person who is both the grandparent of a person in the household and the parent of another person in the same household. They also represent all households where there is at least one person who is both the child of a person in the household and the grandchild of another person in the same household. In previous censuses, multigenerational households were only created based on the former definition, not the latter. As a result, there may be small differences in counts for 2011 and 2016 in archived tables.

Footnote 9

Excludes multigenerational households.

Footnote 50

Tenure refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, 'dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band,' has been created for census purposes.

Footnote 51

Condominium status refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Footnote 52

Bedrooms refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Footnote 53

Rooms refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year round living. The number of rooms in a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms in a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Footnote 54

Number of persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Footnote 55

Housing suitability refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

'Housing suitability' assesses the required number of bedrooms for a household based on the age, sex, and relationships among household members. An alternative variable, 'persons per room,' considers all rooms in a private dwelling and the number of household members.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Footnote 56

Period of construction refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed.

This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodeling, additions or conversions.

For properties having multiple residential structures, this refers to the period in which the most recent structure was completed.

Footnote 57

Includes data up to May 11, 2021.

Footnote 58

Dwelling condition refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Footnote 59

Refers to whether or not a person residing in the household is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making such payments, the reference person is identified by default.

Footnote 60

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Footnote 61

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2021, while household total income is reported for the year 2020. As well, for some households, the 2020 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Footnote 62

Acceptable housing refers to whether a household meets each of the three indicator thresholds established by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation for housing adequacy, suitability and affordability.

Housing indicator thresholds are defined as follows:

  • Adequate housing is reported by their residents as not requiring any major repairs.
  • Affordable housing has shelter costs equal to less than 30% of total before-tax household income.
  • Suitable housing has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of resident households according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS), conceived by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation and provincial and territorial representatives.

Acceptable housing identifies which thresholds the household falls below, if any. Housing that is adequate in condition, suitable in size and affordable is considered to be acceptable.

Households below and above the thresholds are based on the indicators for which individual households can be assessed. Farm and on-reserve households whose housing does not meet either or both of the suitability and adequacy thresholds are counted in the total of households below the thresholds. Farm and on-reserve households who live in housing that meets both the suitability and adequacy thresholds are counted in the total of households above the thresholds (even though it is not possible to assess housing affordability for these households). Farm households and on-reserve households cannot be assessed for housing affordability because the concept is not applicable.

Housing affordability is assessed for owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings.

Footnote 63

Core housing need refers to whether a private household's housing falls below at least one of the indicator thresholds for housing adequacy, affordability or suitability, and would have to spend 30% or more of its total before-tax income to pay the median rent of alternative local housing that is acceptable (attains all three housing indicator thresholds). Housing indicator thresholds are defined as follows: Adequate housing is reported by their residents as not requiring any major repairs. Affordable housing has shelter costs equal to less than 30% of total before-tax household income. Suitable housing has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of resident households according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS), conceived by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation and provincial and territorial representatives. Only private, non-farm, non-reserve and owner- or renter-households with incomes greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratios less than 100% are assessed for 'core housing need.' Non-family households with at least one maintainer aged 15 to 29 attending school are considered not to be in 'core housing need' regardless of their housing circumstances. Attending school is considered a transitional phase, and low incomes earned by student households are viewed as being a temporary condition.

Footnote 64

Presence of mortgage payments refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Footnote 65

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band, shelter costs include, where applicable, the monthly use or occupancy payment and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Footnote 66

Value (owner estimated) refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Footnote 67

Subsidized housing refers to whether a renter household lives in a dwelling that is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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