Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Canmore, Town (T)More information: Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	15,990
Population, 2016¹	13,992
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	14.3
Total private dwellings²	9,173
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,804
Population density per square kilometre	233.5
Land area in square kilometres	68.47
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	15,990
0 to 14 years	2,055
0 to 4 years	620
5 to 9 years	725
10 to 14 years	715
15 to 64 years	11,155
15 to 19 years	695
20 to 24 years	800
25 to 29 years	1,140
30 to 34 years	1,330
35 to 39 years	1,330
40 to 44 years	1,205
45 to 49 years	1,140
50 to 54 years	1,100
55 to 59 years	1,215
60 to 64 years	1,195
65 years and over	2,785
65 to 69 years	1,105
70 to 74 years	755
75 to 79 years	440
80 to 84 years	250
85 years and over	235
85 to 89 years	150
90 to 94 years	60
95 to 99 years	20
100 years and over	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.9
15 to 64 years	69.8
65 years and over	17.4
85 years and over	1.5
Average age of the population	42.7
Median age of the population	42.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,805
Single-detached house	2,570
Semi-detached house	565
Row house	1,345
Apartment or flat in a duplex	385
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,670
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	255
Other single-attached house	5
Movable dwelling⁴	10
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,800
1 person	1,800
2 persons	2,835
3 persons	1,015
4 persons	850
5 or more persons	300
Number of persons in private households	15,525
Average household size	2.3
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	13,935
Married or living common-law	8,705
Married	6,595
Living common-law	2,110
Living common law - Never married	1,685
Living common law - Separated	45
Living common law - Divorced	335
Living common law - Widowed	45
Not married and not living common-law	5,230
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,670
Not married and not living common law - Separated	280
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	855
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	425
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,625
2 persons	2,835
3 persons	840
4 persons	770
5 or more persons	180
Average size of census families	2.6
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,625
Total couple families	4,215
Married couples	3,160
With children⁶	1,420
Without children	1,735
Common-law couples	1,055
With children⁶	220
Without children	835
Total one-parent families	410
in which the parent is a woman+	315
in which the parent is a man+	100
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	15,525
Total - Persons in census families	12,200
Married spouses or common-law partners	8,425
Parents in one-parent families	415
Children⁶	3,360
In a two-parent family	2,775
In a one-parent family	590
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,325
Living alone	1,805
Living with other relatives⁷	150
Living with non-relatives only	1,370
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,805
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,145
Couple-family households	3,810
With children⁶	1,510
Without children	2,295
One-parent-family households	335
Multigenerational households⁸	55
Multiple-census-family households⁹	50
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	305
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	445
One-person households	1,805
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	13,485
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,185
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,195
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,840
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,540
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,225
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,450
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,235
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,240
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,480
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	13,485
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,200
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	72,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,450
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,825
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	66,900
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,540
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,100
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,175
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,120
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,240
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,555
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,470
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	13,485
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,320
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	88,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,070
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,920
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	89.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	10.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	13,485
Without total income	300
With total income	13,185
Under $10,000 (including loss)	870
$10,000 to $19,999	970
$20,000 to $29,999	1,460
$30,000 to $39,999	1,755
$40,000 to $49,999	1,480
$50,000 to $59,999	1,325
$60,000 to $69,999	980
$70,000 to $79,999	790
$80,000 to $89,999	695
$90,000 to $99,999	500
$100,000 and over	2,345
$100,000 to $149,999	1,310
$150,000 and over	1,040
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	13,485
Without after-tax income	290
With after-tax income	13,195
Under $10,000 (including loss)	955
$10,000 to $19,999	1,035
$20,000 to $29,999	1,815
$30,000 to $39,999	2,050
$40,000 to $49,999	1,760
$50,000 to $59,999	1,340
$60,000 to $69,999	1,000
$70,000 to $79,999	750
$80,000 to $89,999	555
$90,000 to $99,999	425
$100,000 and over	1,515
$100,000 to $124,999	610
$125,000 and over	905
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	13,485
Without employment income	2,945
With employment income	10,540
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,420
$5,000 to $9,999	760
$10,000 to $19,999	1,205
$20,000 to $29,999	1,085
$30,000 to $39,999	940
$40,000 to $49,999	925
$50,000 to $59,999	785
$60,000 to $69,999	625
$70,000 to $79,999	525
$80,000 to $89,999	440
$90,000 to $99,999	345
$100,000 and over	1,485
$100,000 to $124,999	600
$125,000 and over	885
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	13,485
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,960
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,965
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,615
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,485
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,330
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,050
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	735
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	13,485
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,950
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	72,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,950
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,450
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,605
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	70,300
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,550
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,150
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,340
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,230
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	770
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	13,485
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,270
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	85,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,915
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	41,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	94.2
Employment income (%)	65.2
Government transfers (%)	5.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,800
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	106,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,000
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,805
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,800
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,200
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,000
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	127,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,805
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	141,200
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	113,400
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,800
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	61,300
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,005
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	165,000
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	132,000
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,800
Under $5,000	60
$5,000 to $9,999	30
$10,000 to $14,999	30
$15,000 to $19,999	65
$20,000 to $24,999	115
$25,000 to $29,999	160
$30,000 to $34,999	165
$35,000 to $39,999	140
$40,000 to $44,999	185
$45,000 to $49,999	195
$50,000 to $59,999	380
$60,000 to $69,999	425
$70,000 to $79,999	415
$80,000 to $89,999	405
$90,000 to $99,999	395
$100,000 and over	3,630
$100,000 to $124,999	860
$125,000 to $149,999	740
$150,000 to $199,999	860
$200,000 and over	1,170
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,800
Under $5,000	80
$5,000 to $9,999	30
$10,000 to $14,999	40
$15,000 to $19,999	60
$20,000 to $24,999	130
$25,000 to $29,999	205
$30,000 to $34,999	180
$35,000 to $39,999	195
$40,000 to $44,999	255
$45,000 to $49,999	215
$50,000 to $59,999	470
$60,000 to $69,999	515
$70,000 to $79,999	495
$80,000 to $89,999	475
$90,000 to $99,999	450
$100,000 and over	3,010
$100,000 to $124,999	960
$125,000 to $149,999	630
$150,000 and over	1,425
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,620
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,000
Average family size of economic families	2.7
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,500
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,645
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	395
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,170
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,585
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	165,200
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	131,800
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,465
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	156,600
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	125,400
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,660
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	197,800
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	155,200
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	380
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	89,200
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,800
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,170
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	64,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,900
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	15,525
0 to 17 years	2,475
0 to 5 years	770
18 to 64 years	10,525
65 years and over	2,520
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,010
0 to 17 years	210
0 to 5 years	70
18 to 64 years	670
65 years and over	130
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.5
0 to 17 years (%)	8.4
0 to 5 years (%)	8.8
18 to 64 years (%)	6.4
65 years and over (%)	5.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	15,525
0 to 17 years	2,480
0 to 5 years	775
18 to 64 years	10,530
65 years and over	2,525
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	530
0 to 17 years	95
0 to 5 years	40
18 to 64 years	390
65 years and over	50
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.4
0 to 17 years (%)	3.7
0 to 5 years (%)	5.2
18 to 64 years (%)	3.7
65 years and over (%)	1.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	15,525
In bottom half of the distribution	5,915
In bottom decile	1,085
In second decile	1,110
In third decile	1,175
In fourth decile	1,265
In fifth decile	1,285
In top half of the distribution	9,610
In sixth decile	1,425
In seventh decile	1,595
In eighth decile	1,660
In ninth decile	1,925
In top decile	3,000
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	15,525
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.398
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.465
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.350
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.0
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	15,860
English only	12,895
French only	15
English and French	2,905
Neither English nor French	40
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	15,860
English	14,900
French	830
English and French	85
Neither English nor French	40
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	15,860
Single responses	15,380
Official languages	13,195
English	12,390
French	810
Non-official languages	2,180
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,180
Afro-Asiatic languages	35
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	35
Amharic	0
Arabic	25
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	425
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5
Cebuano	10
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	10
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	390
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	60
Kannada	0
Malayalam	55
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	1,205
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	370
Baltic languages	5
Latvian	5
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	365
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	150
Macedonian	0
Polish	95
Russian	45
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	20
Bosnian	0
Croatian	10
Serbian	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	35
Slovene (Slovenian)	5
Ukrainian	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	410
Frisian	0
High German languages	275
German	230
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	45
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	110
Afrikaans	25
Dutch	70
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	5
Scandinavian languages	30
Danish	10
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	5
Swedish	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	5
Indo-Iranian languages	180
Indo-Aryan languages	180
Assamese	0
Bengali	5
Gujarati	30
Hindi	50
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	5
Nepali	10
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	5
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	5
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	230
Catalan	10
Italian	25
Portuguese	20
Romanian	10
Spanish	170
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	230
Korean	45
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120
Chinese languages	120
Hakka	0
Mandarin	60
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	5
Yue (Cantonese)	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10
Lao	0
Thai	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	45
Estonian	10
Finnish	5
Hungarian	35
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	480
English and French	145
English and non-official language(s)	265
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	20
Multiple non-official languages	40
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	15,860
English	12,875
French	310
Non-official language	470
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	470
English and French	550
English and non-official language(s)	1,480
French and non-official language(s)	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	115
Multiple non-official languages	60
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	15,860
Single responses	15,455
Official languages	14,460
English	14,025
French	440
Non-official languages	995
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	995
Afro-Asiatic languages	15
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	15
Amharic	0
Arabic	15
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	220
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	210
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	45
Kannada	0
Malayalam	45
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	455
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	160
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	160
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	80
Macedonian	0
Polish	25
Russian	25
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	70
Frisian	0
High German languages	45
German	30
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	15
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20
Afrikaans	5
Dutch	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	5
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	135
Indo-Aryan languages	135
Assamese	0
Bengali	5
Gujarati	25
Hindi	45
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	10
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90
Catalan	5
Italian	5
Portuguese	10
Romanian	5
Spanish	65
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	145
Korean	30
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60
Chinese languages	60
Hakka	0
Mandarin	40
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5
Lao	0
Thai	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	10
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	410
English and French	90
English and non-official language(s)	305
French and non-official language(s)	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	15,860
None	14,010
English	525
French	360
Non-official language	765
Indigenous³⁹	5
Non-Indigenous	760
English and French	10
English and non-official language(s)	60
French and non-official language(s)	70
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	65
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	15,525
Official languages	15,480
English	15,460
French	2,915
Non-official languages	3,415
Indigenous languages³⁹	10
Algonquian languages	10
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,410
Afro-Asiatic languages	70
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	70
Amharic	0
Arabic	65
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	585
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	10
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	10
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	540
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	60
Kannada	0
Malayalam	45
Tamil	20
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	2,080
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	365
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	360
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	175
Macedonian	0
Polish	85
Russian	75
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	35
Slovene (Slovenian)	10
Ukrainian	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	685
Frisian	0
High German languages	525
German	480
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	80
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	140
Afrikaans	30
Dutch	95
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	55
Danish	15
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	10
Swedish	30
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	10
Indo-Iranian languages	260
Indo-Aryan languages	250
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	40
Hindi	185
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	25
Nepali	40
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	30
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	10
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	10
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	885
Catalan	0
Italian	160
Portuguese	60
Romanian	0
Spanish	730
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	305
Korean	70
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	15
American Sign Language	15
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	210
Chinese languages	190
Hakka	0
Mandarin	125
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	85
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	125
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	105
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,525
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	410
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	405
First Nations (North American Indian)	130
Métis	275
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0
Non-Indigenous identity	15,120
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,525
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	80
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	15,445
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,805
Owner	4,505
Renter	2,300
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,805
Condominium	2,865
Not condominium	3,940
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,805
No bedrooms	20
1 bedroom	650
2 bedrooms	2,280
3 bedrooms	2,355
4 or more bedrooms	1,500
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,805
1 to 4 rooms	2,315
5 rooms	1,180
6 rooms	1,010
7 rooms	905
8 or more rooms	1,395
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,805
One person or fewer per room	6,675
More than one person per room	130
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,805
Suitable	6,580
Not suitable	225
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,805
1960 or before	95
1961 to 1980	695
1981 to 1990	1,040
1991 to 2000	2,290
2001 to 2005	885
2006 to 2010	815
2011 to 2015	315
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	665
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,805
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,455
Major repairs needed	350
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,805
One-maintainer household	2,880
Two-maintainer household	3,490
Three-or-more-maintainer household	430
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,805
15 to 24 years	195
25 to 34 years	1,095
35 to 44 years	1,340
45 to 54 years	1,190
55 to 64 years	1,395
65 to 74 years	1,085
75 to 84 years	415
85 years and over	90
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,775
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,090
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,690
30% to less than 100%	1,545
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,805
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,090
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,530
Not suitable only	170
Major repairs needed only	215
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	35
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	120
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	4,715
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,635
In core need	290
Not in core need	6,350
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,500
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	51.7
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.0
% in core housing need⁶³	4.0
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,500
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,898
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	850,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	943,000
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,300
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.2
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.5
% in core housing need⁶³	5.0
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,760
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,770
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	15,525
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	65
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	65
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	25
Métis single ancestry	40
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	545
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	540
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	325
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	215
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	14,915
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	15,525
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	13,630
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,345
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,280
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,895
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	15,525
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	11,705
Immigrants⁸¹	3,265
Before 1980	645
1980 to 1990	265
1991 to 2000	350
2001 to 2010	665
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,340
2011 to 2015	570
2016 to 2021	770
Non-permanent residents⁸³	550
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,265
Under 5 years	320
5 to 14 years	400
15 to 24 years	410
25 to 44 years	1,900
45 years and over	235
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,265
Americas	430
Brazil	35
Colombia	10
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	10
Mexico	35
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	245
Other places of birth in Americas	85
Europe	1,460
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	60
Germany	110
Greece	10
Hungary	80
Italy	30
Netherlands	60
Poland	70
Portugal	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	15
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	665
Other places of birth in Europe	345
Africa	110
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	10
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	30
Other places of birth in Africa	60
Asia	1,055
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	70
Hong Kong⁹¹	20
Korea, South⁹²	55
Taiwan	15
Philippines	480
Viet Nam	10
Bangladesh	0
India	120
Pakistan	35
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	230
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	210
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	775
Americas	75
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	40
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30
Europe	305
France	20
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	15
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	100
Other places of birth in Europe	160
Africa	25
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	10
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	270
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	50
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	10
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	165
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15
Oceania and other⁹³	95
Australia	95
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	15,525
First generation¹⁰⁰	4,045
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,890
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,590
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,625
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,790
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	920
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	870
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	730
Refugees¹⁰⁸	100
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,625
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	30
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	1,130
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	65
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	190
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,200
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	15,525
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,050
South Asian	400
Chinese	255
Black	55
Filipino	555
Arab	60
Latin American	185
Southeast Asian	80
West Asian	10
Korean	75
Japanese	330
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25
Multiple visible minorities	35
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	13,475
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	15,525
Canadian	1,710
English	4,035
Irish	2,915
Scottish	3,285
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,730
German	2,550
Chinese	270
Italian	505
Indian (India)	240
Ukrainian	1,040
Dutch	760
Polish	640
Québécois	145
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,035
Filipino	440
French Canadian	230
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	415
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	75
Métis	260
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	305
Russian	440
Norwegian	420
Welsh	460
Portuguese	55
American	335
Spanish	145
Swedish	350
Hungarian	300
Acadian	80
Pakistani	40
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35
Jewish	60
Punjabi	20
Vietnamese	20
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	15
Greek	70
Jamaican	20
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	60
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	75
Korean	70
Romanian	65
Lebanese	15
Iranian	15
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	30
Danish	205
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	45
Sikh	0
Austrian	160
Belgian	60
Haitian	0
Hindu	35
Mexican	100
Mennonite	50
Swiss	235
Finnish	140
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	35
Japanese	325
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	15
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	145
Muslim	0
Egyptian	15
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	30
Tamil	0
Icelandic	85
Colombian	30
Moroccan	15
Czech	255
Syrian	40
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10
Serbian	10
Ojibway	45
Newfoundlander	0
Hong Konger	35
Ontarian	55
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	15
Nigerian	0
Armenian	25
Slovak	95
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	70
Somali	0
Taiwanese	20
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	10
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	70
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	25
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	10
South African	25
Australian	220
Palestinian	35
Chilean	95
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	10
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10
Peruvian	10
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	10
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	20
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20
New Brunswicker	15
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	30
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	100
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	0
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	0
Laotian	0
Ilocano	10
Northern Irish	40
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	25
British Columbian	10
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	10
Argentinian	20
Estonian	50
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	15
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25
New Zealander	70
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	30
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	10
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	10
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	10
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	45
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	35
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	10
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	15,525
Buddhist	110
Christian	5,660
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,025
Anabaptist	30
Anglican	530
Baptist	110
Catholic	2,405
Christian Orthodox	75
Jehovah's Witness	15
Latter Day Saints	15
Lutheran	200
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	45
Presbyterian	105
Reformed	25
United Church	710
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	375
Hindu	155
Jewish	55
Muslim	115
Sikh	35
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	20
Other religions and spiritual traditions	175
No religion and secular perspectives	9,195
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	15,395
Non-movers	12,590
Movers	2,800
Non-migrants	1,365
Migrants	1,430
Internal migrants	1,280
Intraprovincial migrants	725
Interprovincial migrants	555
External migrants	150
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	14,910
Non-movers	7,105
Movers	7,805
Non-migrants	2,765
Migrants	5,040
Internal migrants	4,175
Intraprovincial migrants	2,670
Interprovincial migrants	1,505
External migrants	865
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,485
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,015
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	12,470
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,495
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	410
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,085
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,485
No certificate, diploma or degree	920
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,950
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,610
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,860
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	905
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	310
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	595
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,410
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	550
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,745
Bachelor's degree	3,735
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	335
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190
Master's degree	1,215
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	275
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,495
No certificate, diploma or degree	340
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,845
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,310
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,925
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	755
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	280
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	475
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,790
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	385
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,380
Bachelor's degree	2,930
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	260
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	130
Master's degree	895
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	165
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,485
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,880
Education	690
13. Education	690
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	330
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20
50. Visual and performing arts	315
Humanities	470
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55
23. English language and literature/letters	110
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	130
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40
39. Theology and religious vocations	40
54. History	50
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,090
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	100
22. Legal professions and studies	170
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30
42. Psychology	220
45. Social sciences	410
Business, management and public administration	1,960
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	130
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,835
Physical and life sciences and technologies	615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	210
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	145
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10
40. Physical sciences	220
41. Science technologies/technicians	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	340
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	240
25. Library science	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	70
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,555
04. Architecture and related services	105
14. Engineering	535
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	320
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	295
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	190
48. Precision production	100
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	405
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	200
03. Natural resources and conservation	205
Health and related fields	1,655
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	365
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,230
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	50
Personal, protective and transportation services	500
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	335
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	85
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,495
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,180
Education	465
13. Education	465
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	280
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15
50. Visual and performing arts	265
Humanities	320
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45
23. English language and literature/letters	75
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	95
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	25
54. History	40
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	815
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70
22. Legal professions and studies	110
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30
42. Psychology	165
45. Social sciences	325
Business, management and public administration	1,580
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,475
Physical and life sciences and technologies	450
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	170
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10
40. Physical sciences	150
41. Science technologies/technicians	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	270
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	210
25. Library science	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	50
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,160
04. Architecture and related services	75
14. Engineering	390
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	260
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	135
48. Precision production	75
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	305
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	130
03. Natural resources and conservation	180
Health and related fields	1,230
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	315
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	870
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	440
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	310
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	65
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,495
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,180
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	7,310
Location of study inside Canada	5,460
Same as province or territory of residence	2,505
Different than province or territory of residence	2,955
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,850
Americas	335
United States of America	250
Mexico	10
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	15
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	45
Europe	750
Belgium	10
France	55
Germany	45
Netherlands	20
Switzerland	50
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	15
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	35
United Kingdom⁸⁷	345
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	15
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	130
Africa	30
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	10
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	20
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	540
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	100
Korea, South⁹²	30
Philippines	235
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	100
Pakistan	10
Other locations of study in Asia	25
Oceania	200
Australia	190
New Zealand	10
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	13,485
In the labour force	9,700
Employed	8,765
Unemployed	940
Not in the labour force	3,785
Participation rate	71.9
Employment rate	65.0
Unemployment rate	9.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	13,485
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,515
Worked	9,965
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,500
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,470
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,700
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	90
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,615
Employee	7,380
Permanent position	5,875
Temporary position	1,505
Fixed term (1 year or more)	450
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,060
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,230
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,700
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	90
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,615
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	155
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,515
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	760
3 Health occupations	775
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	995
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	560
6 Sales and service occupations	3,195
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,330
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	200
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	125
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,700
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	90
All industries¹⁹¹	9,615
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	35
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	165
22 Utilities	50
23 Construction	765
31-33 Manufacturing	275
41 Wholesale trade	90
44-45 Retail trade	1,080
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	255
51 Information and cultural industries	95
52 Finance and insurance	245
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	185
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,030
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	445
61 Educational services	595
62 Health care and social assistance	1,165
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	690
72 Accommodation and food services	1,560
81 Other services (except public administration)	425
91 Public administration	440
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,630
English	10,080
French	30
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	365
English and non-official language(s)	130
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	30
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,630
Single responses	10,610
Official languages	10,585
English	10,510
French	75
Non-official languages	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	10
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	10
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	25
English and French	10
English and non-official language(s)	10
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,630
None	10,130
English	70
French	305
Non-official language	85
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	85
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	15
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	8,765
Worked at home	2,380
Worked outside Canada	35
No fixed workplace address	1,050
Usual place of work	5,300
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,300
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,495
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,055
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	665
Commute to a different province or territory	85
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,345
Car, truck or van	4,735
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,395
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	335
Public transit	160
Walked	835
Bicycle	425
Other method	190
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,345
Less than 15 minutes	3,550
15 to 29 minutes	1,655
30 to 44 minutes	545
45 to 59 minutes	145
60 minutes and over	450
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,345
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	275
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	840
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,485
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,670
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,270
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	810
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,525
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	435
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,085
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,850
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	335
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	235
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	105
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,515

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 13, 2025).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2024-08-02

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