Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Jasper, Specialized municipality (SM)More information: Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	4,738	...	...
Population, 2016¹	4,590	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,910	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,674	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	921.90	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	4,740	2,455	2,280
0 to 14 years	615	310	310
0 to 4 years	195	95	100
5 to 9 years	230	115	115
10 to 14 years	195	100	95
15 to 64 years	3,485	1,805	1,680
15 to 19 years	245	130	115
20 to 24 years	380	195	180
25 to 29 years	450	220	235
30 to 34 years	430	230	195
35 to 39 years	445	230	215
40 to 44 years	345	180	170
45 to 49 years	320	165	155
50 to 54 years	255	145	115
55 to 59 years	325	165	165
60 to 64 years	290	150	140
65 years and over	635	340	295
65 to 69 years	245	150	95
70 to 74 years	155	85	70
75 to 79 years	85	50	35
80 to 84 years	65	30	35
85 years and over	90	25	65
85 to 89 years	30	15	15
90 to 94 years	55	10	45
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.0	12.6	13.6
15 to 64 years	73.5	73.5	73.7
65 years and over	13.4	13.8	12.9
85 years and over	1.9	1.0	2.9
Average age of the population	39.8	39.8	39.7
Median age of the population	37.6	38.0	37.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,675	...	...
Single-detached house	560	...	...
Semi-detached house	135	...	...
Row house	335	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	60	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	510	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	70	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,675	...	...
1 person	445	...	...
2 persons	635	...	...
3 persons	290	...	...
4 persons	220	...	...
5 or more persons	90	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,920	2,020	1,895
Average household size	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	4,120	2,145	1,975
Married or living common-law	2,115	1,065	1,050
Married	1,560	785	770
Living common-law	560	275	285
Living common law - Never married	460	230	230
Living common law - Separated	10	5	5
Living common law - Divorced	90	45	45
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	5
Not married and not living common-law	2,005	1,080	925
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,555	890	665
Not married and not living common law - Separated	60	30	30
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	210	110	100
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	185	45	135
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,050	...	...
2 persons	570	...	...
3 persons	240	...	...
4 persons	195	...	...
5 or more persons	50	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,055	...	...
Total couple families	935	...	...
Married couples	655	...	...
With children⁶	350	...	...
Without children	305	...	...
Common-law couples	280	...	...
With children⁶	80	...	...
Without children	200	...	...
Total one-parent families	120	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	80	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	35	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	3,915	2,025	1,895
Total - Persons in census families	2,885	1,430	1,455
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,870	930	940
Parents in one-parent families	115	40	80
Children⁶	895	465	430
In a two-parent family	710	375	340
In a one-parent family	180	90	95
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,035	595	445
Living alone	445	245	205
Living with other relatives⁷	55	25	25
Living with non-relatives only	535	320	210
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,670	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	930	...	...
Couple-family households	835	...	...
With children⁶	395	...	...
Without children	440	...	...
One-parent-family households	95	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	15	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	70	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	195	...	...
One-person households	445	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	3,370	1,745	1,625
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,310	1,710	1,600
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	52,800	40,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,310	1,710	1,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	46,000	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,220	1,675	1,545
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	46,400	32,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,910	1,520	1,390
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	36,800	29,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,885	1,445	1,440
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,400	8,000	8,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	525	260	270
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,840	4,680	5,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,440	700	735
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	3,345	1,745	1,605
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,285	1,695	1,590
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,900	65,800	47,440
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,285	1,695	1,590
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,040	55,300	40,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,205	1,660	1,545
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,720	58,950	39,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,845	1,455	1,390
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,040	48,160	37,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,805	1,400	1,405
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,770	9,680	9,870
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	490	245	255
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,960	5,800	6,120
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,335	645	695
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,170	8,000	8,340
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	3,345	1,740	1,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,040	575	470
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,000	70,500	61,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,000	76,800	66,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,415	635	785
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,200	27,600	20,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,840	35,400	25,360
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	85.4	87.8	81.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	65.6	63.1	69.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	14.7	12.2	18.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.3	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.3	4.9	8.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.9	4.6	7.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	3,370	1,745	1,620
Without total income	60	40	25
With total income	3,310	1,710	1,600
Under $10,000 (including loss)	180	75	105
$10,000 to $19,999	235	90	150
$20,000 to $29,999	405	165	240
$30,000 to $39,999	545	255	285
$40,000 to $49,999	460	220	245
$50,000 to $59,999	335	175	160
$60,000 to $69,999	275	160	120
$70,000 to $79,999	230	145	80
$80,000 to $89,999	150	90	55
$90,000 to $99,999	120	75	45
$100,000 and over	365	260	110
$100,000 to $149,999	260	170	85
$150,000 and over	110	85	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	3,370	1,745	1,620
Without after-tax income	60	40	25
With after-tax income	3,310	1,710	1,600
Under $10,000 (including loss)	180	70	110
$10,000 to $19,999	260	100	160
$20,000 to $29,999	535	230	305
$30,000 to $39,999	630	295	330
$40,000 to $49,999	500	250	245
$50,000 to $59,999	355	200	160
$60,000 to $69,999	270	165	100
$70,000 to $79,999	185	115	70
$80,000 to $89,999	130	80	50
$90,000 to $99,999	75	45	30
$100,000 and over	190	150	35
$100,000 to $124,999	115	100	15
$125,000 and over	70	50	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	3,370	1,745	1,620
Without employment income	460	225	235
With employment income	2,915	1,525	1,385
Under $5,000 (including loss)	395	215	180
$5,000 to $9,999	195	90	100
$10,000 to $19,999	370	170	205
$20,000 to $29,999	400	180	225
$30,000 to $39,999	330	150	175
$40,000 to $49,999	250	125	125
$50,000 to $59,999	205	110	95
$60,000 to $69,999	195	110	85
$70,000 to $79,999	125	75	45
$80,000 to $89,999	90	50	40
$90,000 to $99,999	85	50	35
$100,000 and over	270	195	70
$100,000 to $124,999	130	75	50
$125,000 and over	140	120	20
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	3,370	1,745	1,625
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,280	1,700	1,585
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,400	53,600	39,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,285	1,700	1,585
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	46,800	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,215	1,675	1,535
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	49,200	36,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,945	1,540	1,405
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	43,200	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,665	1,330	1,330
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,080	990	1,550
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	255	125	130
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,080	6,950
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	3,345	1,745	1,605
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,265	1,695	1,570
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,150	64,900	46,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,265	1,695	1,570
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,080	53,600	40,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,180	1,660	1,520
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,250	62,050	43,640
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,885	1,505	1,375
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,000	53,100	40,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,570	1,290	1,280
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,370	5,405	5,335
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	235	125	115
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,650	7,000	8,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	3,345	1,740	1,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,045	580	465
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,500	72,500	58,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	69,800	76,000	62,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,370	620	745
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,400	36,400	29,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,000	45,600	31,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	92.4	93.6	90.6
Employment income (%)	74.0	72.8	75.8
Government transfers (%)	7.5	6.3	9.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.8	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,675	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	445	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,230	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,675	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	111,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	94,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	470	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	66,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	57,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,200	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	129,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,675	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	125	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	120	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	120	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	115	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	120	...	...
$100,000 and over	810	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	270	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	155	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	235	...	...
$200,000 and over	140	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,675	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	60	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	60	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	130	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	145	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	145	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	155	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	135	...	...
$100,000 and over	620	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	240	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	160	...	...
$150,000 and over	220	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,055	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	495	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	430	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	115	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	980	570	415
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,400	45,200	39,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,600	39,600	35,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,040	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	129,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	108,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	485	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	120,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	420	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	146,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	115	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	965	545	415
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,100	61,200	44,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,700	52,600	38,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	3,920	2,020	1,895
0 to 17 years	640	340	305
0 to 5 years	195	95	100
18 to 64 years	2,795	1,410	1,390
65 years and over	485	275	205
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	185	80	105
0 to 17 years	30	15	15
0 to 5 years	10	0	10
18 to 64 years	145	60	85
65 years and over	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.7	4.0	5.5
0 to 17 years (%)	4.8	4.0	5.0
0 to 5 years (%)	6.0	x	8.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.1	4.2	6.1
65 years and over (%)	2.4	2.0	2.5
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	3,915	2,025	1,900
0 to 17 years	640	335	300
0 to 5 years	200	100	100
18 to 64 years	2,800	1,410	1,385
65 years and over	480	280	205
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	100	55	45
0 to 17 years	5	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	90	50	45
65 years and over	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6	2.7	2.4
0 to 17 years (%)	0.8	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.3	3.5	3.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	3,920	2,020	1,895
In bottom half of the distribution	1,770	900	870
In bottom decile	245	120	120
In second decile	300	140	160
In third decile	385	200	190
In fourth decile	385	210	180
In fifth decile	455	235	220
In top half of the distribution	2,150	1,125	1,030
In sixth decile	460	245	220
In seventh decile	420	220	205
In eighth decile	510	255	260
In ninth decile	395	210	185
In top decile	365	200	165
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	3,915	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.264	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.337	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.239	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	4,655	2,440	2,220
English only	3,685	1,945	1,740
French only	10	0	5
English and French	950	480	465
Neither English nor French	15	5	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	4,655	2,440	2,220
English	4,350	2,280	2,070
French	270	135	135
English and French	20	15	5
Neither English nor French	10	5	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	4,655	2,440	2,220
Single responses	4,485	2,345	2,140
Official languages	3,755	1,990	1,765
English	3,465	1,840	1,625
French	290	150	140
Non-official languages	730	360	380
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	5	0	5
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	5	0	5
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	725	355	370
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	215	100	120
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Cebuano	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5
Ilocano	15	5	5
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	180	85	95
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	360	180	175
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	30	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	75	30	40
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5
Czech	45	20	25
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	75	35	40
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	65	30	35
German	55	25	35
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	10	10	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	30	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	75	40	30
Indo-Aryan languages	75	40	30
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	0
Gujarati	5	0	0
Hindi	15	10	10
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	5
Marathi	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	50	50
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	20	15	5
Portuguese	5	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5
Spanish	75	35	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	10
Korean	65	30	35
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10
Chinese languages	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	170	95	80
English and French	40	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	120	70	45
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	4,655	2,440	2,220
English	3,445	1,830	1,615
French	90	50	40
Non-official language	110	50	60
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	110	50	60
English and French	230	115	115
English and non-official language(s)	720	365	360
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	20	20
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	4,655	2,440	2,220
Single responses	4,505	2,360	2,145
Official languages	4,125	2,170	1,955
English	3,980	2,100	1,885
French	140	70	65
Non-official languages	385	190	195
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	385	190	195
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	5
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	165	80	85
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	5
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5
Ilocano	5	0	5
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	145	75	75
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	120	65	60
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	5	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	5	15
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	15
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	55	35	20
Indo-Aryan languages	55	35	20
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	0
Hindi	15	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	15	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	10
Korean	50	20	30
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	0
Chinese languages	10	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	150	80	75
English and French	40	25	15
English and non-official language(s)	110	55	50
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	4,655	2,440	2,220
None	3,785	2,005	1,780
English	265	125	140
French	150	80	70
Non-official language	360	180	180
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	355	180	180
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	35	20	15
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	30	20	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	3,920	2,045	1,870
Official languages	3,880	2,035	1,845
English	3,875	2,030	1,845
French	765	360	405
Non-official languages	900	485	425
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	900	485	415
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	15	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	15	15	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	235	120	120
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	225	120	105
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	540	300	240
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	10	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	10	25
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	20	0	15
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	155	60	90
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	125	50	75
German	105	30	70
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	20	15	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	15	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	20	0	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	55	30	25
Indo-Iranian languages	90	60	25
Indo-Aryan languages	90	60	25
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	60	40	15
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55	40	15
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	215	145	70
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	30	25	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	180	120	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	60	35	25
Korean	60	30	35
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	0
Chinese languages	15	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,920	2,050	1,870
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	165	65	100
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	155	65	85
First Nations (North American Indian)	70	25	45
Métis	85	35	45
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	3,755	1,980	1,775
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,920	2,050	1,870
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	65	25	40
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,850	2,025	1,825
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,675	...	...
Owner	845	...	...
Renter	830	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,675	...	...
Condominium	355	...	...
Not condominium	1,320	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,675	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...
1 bedroom	245	...	...
2 bedrooms	470	...	...
3 bedrooms	475	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	460	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,675	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	645	...	...
5 rooms	290	...	...
6 rooms	245	...	...
7 rooms	120	...	...
8 or more rooms	370	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,675	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,615	...	...
More than one person per room	55	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,675	...	...
Suitable	1,545	...	...
Not suitable	130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,675	...	...
1960 or before	335	...	...
1961 to 1980	635	...	...
1981 to 1990	225	...	...
1991 to 2000	225	...	...
2001 to 2005	50	...	...
2006 to 2010	55	...	...
2011 to 2015	95	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,675	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,560	...	...
Major repairs needed	115	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,675	...	...
One-maintainer household	785	...	...
Two-maintainer household	780	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	110	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,675	...	...
15 to 24 years	70	...	...
25 to 34 years	295	...	...
35 to 44 years	320	...	...
45 to 54 years	315	...	...
55 to 64 years	340	...	...
65 to 74 years	225	...	...
75 to 84 years	75	...	...
85 years and over	35	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,675	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,395	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	285	...	...
30% to less than 100%	260	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,675	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	485	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	260	...	...
Not suitable only	105	...	...
Major repairs needed only	75	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,195	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,655	...	...
In core need	55	...	...
Not in core need	1,595	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	840	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	53.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	13.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,330	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,608	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	695,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	700,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	830	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	15.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,220	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,308	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	3,920	2,050	1,875
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	50	25	20
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	50	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	30	20	10
Métis single ancestry	15	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	180	70	105
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	180	70	105
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	110	25	80
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	70	45	25
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	3,695	1,950	1,745
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	3,915	2,045	1,870
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	3,440	1,810	1,625
Canadian citizens aged under 18	645	370	275
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,790	1,440	1,350
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	480	235	250
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	3,915	2,045	1,870
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	3,025	1,605	1,425
Immigrants⁸¹	695	345	350
Before 1980	195	105	80
1980 to 1990	35	15	20
1991 to 2000	55	15	35
2001 to 2010	85	35	45
2011 to 2021⁸²	335	170	165
2011 to 2015	135	75	60
2016 to 2021	200	95	105
Non-permanent residents⁸³	200	100	100
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	695	350	350
Under 5 years	80	40	35
5 to 14 years	100	80	25
15 to 24 years	55	35	20
25 to 44 years	435	180	250
45 years and over	25	10	20
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	695	350	350
Americas	80	50	35
Brazil	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0
Mexico	25	20	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	30	15	10
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	10
Europe	255	120	135
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	10	10	0
Germany	40	15	25
Greece	45	20	20
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	20	20	0
Netherlands	10	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	90	40	50
Other places of birth in Europe	40	15	20
Africa	25	25	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	300	140	160
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	35	20	20
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	210	100	115
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	15	10	10
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	10	25
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	30	10	25
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	205	95	105
Americas	30	25	10
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	15	15	0
United States of America	15	15	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	25	0	20
France	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	10
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	115	55	60
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	85	40	45
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	25	10	20
Australia	20	10	10
Other places of birth⁹⁸	10	0	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	3,920	2,045	1,870
First generation¹⁰⁰	955	475	480
Second generation¹⁰¹	645	350	295
Third generation or more¹⁰²	2,320	1,225	1,095
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	505	240	270
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	425	200	220
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	225	120	105
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	200	85	120
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	80	35	45
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	505	240	270
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	260	130	135
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	15	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	30	15	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	195	80	115
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	3,920	2,045	1,870
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	655	335	320
South Asian	90	55	35
Chinese	10	10	0
Black	35	20	15
Filipino	275	135	140
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	70	40	35
Southeast Asian	15	0	15
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	65	25	35
Japanese	45	20	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	30	15	15
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	3,265	1,710	1,550
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	3,920	2,045	1,870
Canadian	435	215	220
English	895	475	420
Irish	805	445	360
Scottish	845	415	430
French, n.o.s.¹²²	475	240	235
German	655	325	335
Chinese	25	20	10
Italian	145	70	75
Indian (India)	60	40	20
Ukrainian	385	200	190
Dutch	180	85	90
Polish	150	75	75
Québécois	25	15	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	205	105	105
Filipino	245	125	125
French Canadian	35	0	35
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	75	35	35
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	25	0	25
Métis	85	50	35
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	20	10	10
Russian	85	40	50
Norwegian	95	60	35
Welsh	140	85	65
Portuguese	0	0	0
American	35	10	25
Spanish	25	10	15
Swedish	55	15	35
Hungarian	40	10	35
Acadian	25	25	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	0	10
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	85	45	40
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	30	20	10
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	45	20	25
Korean	60	30	35
Romanian	25	0	25
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	30	10	20
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	10	0	10
Sikh	15	15	0
Austrian	75	45	35
Belgian	15	15	0
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	15	0	0
Mexican	55	40	20
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	125	75	45
Finnish	40	20	25
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	50	15	25
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	15	10	10
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	10	0	10
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	20	10	15
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	20	10	10
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	35	0	30
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	10
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	20	0	15
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	15	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	45	20	25
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	0	10
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	15	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	15	10	10
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	10	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	30	20	20
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	3,920	2,050	1,875
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	1,510	745	765
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	140	70	65
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	100	45	55
Baptist	35	15	20
Catholic	805	420	385
Christian Orthodox	75	45	30
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	35	20	15
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	55	15	40
Presbyterian	10	0	10
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	150	65	90
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	80	40	45
Hindu	30	20	10
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Sikh	50	35	15
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	15	15
No religion and secular perspectives	2,255	1,200	1,055
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	3,850	2,010	1,840
Non-movers	3,235	1,680	1,555
Movers	610	325	285
Non-migrants	365	205	160
Migrants	250	125	125
Internal migrants	220	115	110
Intraprovincial migrants	125	55	70
Interprovincial migrants	95	55	35
External migrants	25	10	15
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	3,735	1,945	1,795
Non-movers	2,065	1,100	970
Movers	1,670	850	825
Non-migrants	755	395	360
Migrants	915	455	465
Internal migrants	685	325	360
Intraprovincial migrants	395	175	220
Interprovincial migrants	285	150	135
External migrants	235	130	105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,345	1,740	1,600
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	360	210	145
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,985	1,530	1,460
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,380	1,170	1,210
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	130	60	65
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,250	1,105	1,140
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,340	1,745	1,605
No certificate, diploma or degree	335	200	130
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,095	605	485
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,920	935	980
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,020	560	460
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	295	220	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	115	80	35
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	175	145	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	595	295	300
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	130	45	85
Bachelor's degree or higher	900	375	520
Bachelor's degree	700	310	390
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50	15	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	10
Master's degree	125	40	90
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,375	1,165	1,205
No certificate, diploma or degree	110	50	60
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	665	380	285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,605	740	860
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	835	425	405
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	245	175	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	90	55	35
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	155	115	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	465	215	250
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	45	80
Bachelor's degree or higher	765	315	455
Bachelor's degree	600	260	345
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	15	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	15
Master's degree	105	25	80
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,345	1,740	1,605
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,425	810	620
Education	140	25	115
13. Education	140	25	115
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	80	35	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	65	25	40
Humanities	100	50	55
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	15	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0
54. History	25	15	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	250	90	160
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	25	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	0	60
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	15	15
45. Social sciences	100	45	55
Business, management and public administration	375	170	200
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	0	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	335	170	170
Physical and life sciences and technologies	110	50	65
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	20	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	20	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40	25	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	25	0
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	315	265	50
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	55	35	25
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	60	55	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	105	90	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	80	80	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	100	65	40
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	15	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	50	30
Health and related fields	275	70	205
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	45	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	200	20	180
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	130	100	30
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	55	25	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	65	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,375	1,170	1,205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	775	430	345
Education	115	20	95
13. Education	115	20	95
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	30	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	50	20	30
Humanities	90	40	50
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0
54. History	20	10	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	205	75	125
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	25	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	20	10	10
45. Social sciences	85	35	50
Business, management and public administration	325	145	180
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	290	140	150
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	30	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	10	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	20	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	20	10
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	260	210	50
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	60	35	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	45	40	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	80	70	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	70	70	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	75	40	35
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	30	30
Health and related fields	245	60	185
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	30	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	185	20	165
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	100	70	30
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	50	25	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	45	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,375	1,170	1,205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	775	430	345
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,600	745	860
Location of study inside Canada	1,180	565	615
Same as province or territory of residence	580	280	300
Different than province or territory of residence	600	285	310
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	425	175	250
Americas	45	30	20
United States of America	20	0	10
Mexico	15	15	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10
Europe	75	25	50
Belgium	0	0	0
France	10	10	0
Germany	10	0	10
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	10	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0	15
Africa	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	235	105	130
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	25	10	15
Korea, South⁹²	35	20	15
Philippines	125	60	70
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	40	15	25
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	55	10	45
Australia	35	10	30
New Zealand	20	0	15
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	3,340	1,745	1,605
In the labour force	2,575	1,290	1,285
Employed	2,335	1,170	1,170
Unemployed	235	120	120
Not in the labour force	775	455	320
Participation rate	77.1	73.9	80.1
Employment rate	69.9	67.0	72.9
Unemployment rate	9.1	9.3	9.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	3,345	1,740	1,605
Did not work¹⁸⁶	745	440	305
Worked	2,600	1,300	1,295
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,095	605	490
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,500	695	810
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.6	40.3	38.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,570	1,290	1,280
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	15	15
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,545	1,270	1,270
Employee	2,185	1,085	1,105
Permanent position	1,660	855	805
Temporary position	525	230	300
Fixed term (1 year or more)	125	60	70
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	395	165	235
Self-employed¹⁹²	360	190	165
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,570	1,290	1,280
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	15	15
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,545	1,270	1,270
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	30	20	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	275	70	205
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	80	45	30
3 Health occupations	140	20	120
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	195	65	130
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	85	30	55
6 Sales and service occupations	1,165	540	625
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	475	420	55
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	65	35	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	35	30	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,570	1,290	1,280
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	15	15
All industries¹⁹¹	2,545	1,270	1,270
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	10	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0
23 Construction	115	95	20
31-33 Manufacturing	15	10	10
41 Wholesale trade	25	20	10
44-45 Retail trade	320	145	170
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	225	180	40
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	45	20	25
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	60	30	30
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	75	30	40
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	135	80	55
61 Educational services	70	10	60
62 Health care and social assistance	220	30	195
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	405	200	200
72 Accommodation and food services	665	340	325
81 Other services (except public administration)	65	25	45
91 Public administration	85	40	45
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,775	1,400	1,375
English	2,595	1,330	1,265
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	140	55	85
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	25
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,775	1,400	1,375
Single responses	2,750	1,390	1,365
Official languages	2,750	1,390	1,365
English	2,740	1,390	1,350
French	10	0	10
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10
English and French	10	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,775	1,400	1,375
None	2,615	1,340	1,270
English	10	0	10
French	120	50	70
Non-official language	20	0	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	15
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,335	1,170	1,165
Worked at home	160	60	100
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	325	225	95
Usual place of work	1,850	885	970
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,850	885	970
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,795	840	960
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	10	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	30	25	10
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,175	1,110	1,065
Car, truck or van	1,120	665	450
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,005	620	385
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	110	45	65
Public transit	60	40	20
Walked	685	230	460
Bicycle	285	155	130
Other method	30	25	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,175	1,110	1,065
Less than 15 minutes	1,680	825	850
15 to 29 minutes	370	210	165
30 to 44 minutes	80	55	30
45 to 59 minutes	20	10	15
60 minutes and over	25	20	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,175	1,110	1,065
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	70	45	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	285	175	105
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	430	220	205
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	605	260	335
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	355	155	200
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	445	240	195
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	660	335	320
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	140	75	65
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	515	265	255
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	485	250	230
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	110	55	55
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	90	50	45
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	15	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	370	195	180

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 25, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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