Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	AlbertaMore information: [Province]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	4,262,635	...	...
Population, 2016¹	4,067,175	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,772,670	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,633,220	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	6.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	634,658.27	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	4,262,635	2,127,935	2,134,700
0 to 14 years	809,640	415,870	393,770
0 to 4 years	250,250	128,560	121,690
5 to 9 years	278,810	142,850	135,955
10 to 14 years	280,585	144,460	136,120
15 to 64 years	2,823,770	1,416,910	1,406,865
15 to 19 years	249,765	128,745	121,015
20 to 24 years	248,740	128,595	120,150
25 to 29 years	275,465	138,510	136,955
30 to 34 years	323,260	160,175	163,085
35 to 39 years	338,945	168,390	170,560
40 to 44 years	307,665	153,715	153,955
45 to 49 years	277,770	139,705	138,065
50 to 54 years	262,770	131,650	131,120
55 to 59 years	274,150	135,825	138,325
60 to 64 years	265,240	131,600	133,640
65 years and over	629,220	295,155	334,070
65 to 69 years	217,270	106,975	110,295
70 to 74 years	163,890	79,150	84,735
75 to 79 years	105,520	49,860	55,660
80 to 84 years	70,160	31,510	38,650
85 years and over	72,375	27,660	44,720
85 to 89 years	44,670	18,540	26,130
90 to 94 years	21,430	7,545	13,890
95 to 99 years	5,480	1,405	4,075
100 years and over	795	170	625
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.0	19.5	18.4
15 to 64 years	66.2	66.6	65.9
65 years and over	14.8	13.9	15.6
85 years and over	1.7	1.3	2.1
Average age of the population	39.0	38.4	39.7
Median age of the population	38.4	37.6	38.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,633,220	...	...
Single-detached house	994,565	...	...
Semi-detached house	98,740	...	...
Row house	127,735	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	43,730	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	247,030	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	74,880	...	...
Other single-attached house	1,215	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	45,325	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,633,220	...	...
1 person	424,055	...	...
2 persons	551,420	...	...
3 persons	249,135	...	...
4 persons	243,400	...	...
5 or more persons	165,215	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,177,715	2,088,185	2,089,530
Average household size	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	3,452,995	1,712,065	1,740,925
Married or living common-law	2,033,945	1,018,425	1,015,520
Married	1,703,285	852,950	850,335
Living common-law	330,655	165,475	165,180
Living common law - Never married	245,650	123,625	122,030
Living common law - Separated	12,835	6,745	6,090
Living common law - Divorced	65,955	32,580	33,375
Living common law - Widowed	6,210	2,520	3,690
Not married and not living common-law	1,419,050	693,640	725,410
Not married and not living common law - Never married	969,780	535,715	434,065
Not married and not living common law - Separated	83,350	36,440	46,910
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	214,460	87,950	126,505
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	151,455	33,530	117,925
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,164,655	...	...
2 persons	565,900	...	...
3 persons	240,980	...	...
4 persons	238,600	...	...
5 or more persons	119,170	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,164,650	...	...
Total couple families	987,465	...	...
Married couples	822,175	...	...
With children⁶	464,975	...	...
Without children	357,200	...	...
Common-law couples	165,290	...	...
With children⁶	60,705	...	...
Without children	104,580	...	...
Total one-parent families	177,190	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	135,065	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	42,125	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	4,177,715	2,088,185	2,089,530
Total - Persons in census families	3,456,645	1,720,145	1,736,505
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,974,930	986,995	987,935
Parents in one-parent families	177,185	42,120	135,060
Children⁶	1,304,525	691,020	613,500
In a two-parent family	1,022,235	538,215	484,020
In a one-parent family	282,290	152,810	129,485
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	721,070	368,045	353,030
Living alone	424,055	207,075	216,980
Living with other relatives⁷	108,100	49,205	58,900
Living with non-relatives only	188,915	111,760	77,155
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,633,220	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,008,210	...	...
Couple-family households	876,085	...	...
With children⁶	465,405	...	...
Without children	410,680	...	...
One-parent-family households	132,125	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	47,450	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10,575	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	60,780	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	82,150	...	...
One-person households	424,055	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	3,375,110	1,675,960	1,699,150
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,213,495	1,597,075	1,616,420
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	53,200	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,215,290	1,598,045	1,617,250
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	46,800	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,899,265	1,472,130	1,427,140
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	50,400	31,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,426,900	1,262,555	1,164,345
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	51,600	33,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,818,115	1,377,385	1,440,730
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,300	6,120	9,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	373,185	184,280	188,900
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800	5,760	5,880
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	978,925	473,610	505,320
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	3,375,130	1,675,855	1,699,275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,212,650	1,596,250	1,616,400
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,850	72,700	49,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,214,490	1,597,255	1,617,235
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,200	58,400	42,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,900,200	1,472,350	1,427,850
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,300	70,100	44,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,426,940	1,262,995	1,163,950
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,350	67,800	43,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,817,280	1,376,575	1,440,710
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,440	9,300	11,520
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	371,975	183,715	188,265
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,090	6,720	7,450
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	972,130	470,475	501,650
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,170	9,030	9,290
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	3,375,130	1,675,855	1,699,275
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,120,075	641,305	478,775
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	70,500	78,500	62,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	85,200	96,300	70,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	993,770	466,385	527,385
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,600	26,200	18,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,280	42,280	27,160
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	85.0	89.0	79.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	70.0	73.8	64.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.0	11.0	20.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.1	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.1	4.0	6.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.6	3.7	5.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	3,375,110	1,675,960	1,699,150
Without total income	161,620	78,885	82,730
With total income	3,213,490	1,597,075	1,616,415
Under $10,000 (including loss)	271,260	111,180	160,085
$10,000 to $19,999	307,390	122,515	184,880
$20,000 to $29,999	483,175	210,085	273,090
$30,000 to $39,999	384,115	161,270	222,840
$40,000 to $49,999	332,120	148,870	183,245
$50,000 to $59,999	277,960	132,620	145,340
$60,000 to $69,999	232,840	119,260	113,580
$70,000 to $79,999	187,305	105,100	82,205
$80,000 to $89,999	146,920	87,190	59,725
$90,000 to $99,999	124,520	73,960	50,560
$100,000 and over	465,885	325,025	140,860
$100,000 to $149,999	291,955	191,190	100,765
$150,000 and over	173,935	133,835	40,100
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	3,375,110	1,675,960	1,699,150
Without after-tax income	159,820	77,915	81,900
With after-tax income	3,215,295	1,598,045	1,617,245
Under $10,000 (including loss)	282,760	115,430	167,325
$10,000 to $19,999	320,525	128,425	192,100
$20,000 to $29,999	545,450	237,370	308,080
$30,000 to $39,999	449,440	194,945	254,500
$40,000 to $49,999	388,170	182,160	206,010
$50,000 to $59,999	314,650	160,140	154,510
$60,000 to $69,999	240,015	135,075	104,940
$70,000 to $79,999	178,580	106,080	72,495
$80,000 to $89,999	138,170	82,415	55,755
$90,000 to $99,999	92,045	59,450	32,595
$100,000 and over	265,490	196,560	68,930
$100,000 to $124,999	121,505	85,805	35,705
$125,000 and over	143,985	110,760	33,225
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	3,375,110	1,675,960	1,699,150
Without employment income	948,210	413,405	534,805
With employment income	2,426,900	1,262,555	1,164,345
Under $5,000 (including loss)	305,715	142,525	163,185
$5,000 to $9,999	186,575	78,780	107,795
$10,000 to $19,999	270,795	116,950	153,845
$20,000 to $29,999	212,530	93,955	118,575
$30,000 to $39,999	202,095	92,015	110,080
$40,000 to $49,999	193,315	92,690	100,625
$50,000 to $59,999	181,745	89,815	91,930
$60,000 to $69,999	161,830	85,450	76,375
$70,000 to $79,999	133,940	78,540	55,400
$80,000 to $89,999	110,580	67,335	43,240
$90,000 to $99,999	101,430	59,855	41,575
$100,000 and over	366,350	264,635	101,720
$100,000 to $124,999	158,925	103,055	55,870
$125,000 and over	207,430	161,580	45,850
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	3,375,110	1,675,960	1,699,150
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,147,180	1,561,420	1,585,760
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	54,800	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,148,375	1,561,645	1,586,735
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	47,600	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,869,935	1,456,690	1,413,250
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	54,000	34,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,438,175	1,267,255	1,170,925
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	55,200	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,675,790	1,312,270	1,363,520
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,620	1,010	4,080
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	245,140	118,390	126,750
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,240	5,640	7,050
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	3,375,130	1,675,855	1,699,275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,146,890	1,560,995	1,585,890
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,750	74,200	47,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,147,975	1,561,230	1,586,750
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,720	59,050	40,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,871,550	1,456,805	1,414,740
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,350	74,400	45,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,438,445	1,267,615	1,170,835
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,450	72,000	45,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,676,295	1,312,765	1,363,530
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,720	5,635	7,770
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	244,330	117,410	126,920
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,990	7,020	8,900
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	3,375,130	1,675,855	1,699,275
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,111,760	636,785	474,975
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,500	77,500	58,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	83,800	95,700	67,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	941,295	443,225	498,070
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,000	37,200	25,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	43,280	54,050	33,720
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.6	93.6	86.0
Employment income (%)	75.8	78.8	71.0
Government transfers (%)	9.4	6.4	14.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.7	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,633,220	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	424,055	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,209,165	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,633,220	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	119,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	98,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	424,120	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	62,050	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,209,100	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	115,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,633,220	...	...
Under $5,000	16,810	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	8,310	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	12,525	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	17,725	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	49,050	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	52,025	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	41,490	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	48,190	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	52,710	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	51,200	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	104,130	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	106,340	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	104,230	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	98,820	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	93,990	...	...
$100,000 and over	775,675	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	204,960	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	156,945	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,675	...	...
$200,000 and over	213,100	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,633,220	...	...
Under $5,000	18,920	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	8,620	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	12,950	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	18,925	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	52,455	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	58,000	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	48,620	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	56,195	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	62,115	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	60,880	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	126,900	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	127,780	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	122,795	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	117,335	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	106,445	...	...
$100,000 and over	634,290	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	214,810	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,640	...	...
$150,000 and over	269,845	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,150,150	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	423,245	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	527,475	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	141,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	162,425	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	612,970	318,840	294,130
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,600	46,400	40,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,200	41,200	37,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,149,555	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	115,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	423,255	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	128,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	528,270	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	167,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	161,495	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	612,950	318,115	294,835
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,550	60,100	52,750
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,360	49,600	44,960
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	4,177,715	2,088,185	2,089,535
0 to 17 years	953,865	490,345	463,520
0 to 5 years	302,980	155,160	147,820
18 to 64 years	2,638,940	1,317,995	1,320,945
65 years and over	584,915	279,845	305,065
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	382,820	182,970	199,855
0 to 17 years	107,130	54,765	52,370
0 to 5 years	36,250	18,465	17,790
18 to 64 years	213,795	103,030	110,765
65 years and over	61,890	25,180	36,720
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.2	8.8	9.6
0 to 17 years (%)	11.2	11.2	11.3
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	11.9	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.1	7.8	8.4
65 years and over (%)	10.6	9.0	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	4,132,995	2,065,555	2,067,435
0 to 17 years	936,965	481,700	455,265
0 to 5 years	298,005	152,625	145,380
18 to 64 years	2,614,300	1,305,610	1,308,690
65 years and over	581,730	278,250	303,475
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	187,885	96,630	91,255
0 to 17 years	43,110	21,925	21,180
0 to 5 years	13,945	7,045	6,900
18 to 64 years	130,620	68,100	62,525
65 years and over	14,155	6,605	7,550
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.6	4.7	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	4.6	4.6	4.7
0 to 5 years (%)	4.7	4.6	4.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.0	5.2	4.8
65 years and over (%)	2.4	2.4	2.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	4,177,715	2,088,185	2,089,530
In bottom half of the distribution	1,894,410	924,245	970,165
In bottom decile	345,410	172,330	173,080
In second decile	385,215	179,975	205,240
In third decile	380,170	184,770	195,400
In fourth decile	386,560	190,330	196,235
In fifth decile	397,055	196,830	200,215
In top half of the distribution	2,283,310	1,163,940	1,119,365
In sixth decile	406,615	204,040	202,575
In seventh decile	420,810	212,460	208,350
In eighth decile	440,225	223,690	216,535
In ninth decile	470,850	240,765	230,085
In top decile	544,810	282,985	261,825
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	4,177,720	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.350	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.450	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.307	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	4,221,835	2,108,780	2,113,050
English only	3,894,690	1,960,785	1,933,905
French only	3,105	1,330	1,780
English and French	258,330	119,725	138,605
Neither English nor French	65,705	26,945	38,760
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	4,221,835	2,108,780	2,113,050
English	4,078,135	2,042,220	2,035,915
French	64,440	32,960	31,485
English and French	15,525	7,680	7,840
Neither English nor French	63,735	25,925	37,810
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	4,221,835	2,108,780	2,113,050
Single responses	4,055,375	2,028,210	2,027,165
Official languages	3,148,690	1,591,780	1,556,910
English	3,083,840	1,558,570	1,525,265
French	64,855	33,210	31,645
Non-official languages	906,680	436,430	470,250
Indigenous languages³⁹	17,200	8,165	9,035
Algonquian languages	15,155	7,265	7,890
Blackfoot	2,470	1,160	1,315
Cree-Innu languages	12,290	5,920	6,370
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	12,290	5,920	6,365
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	5	0	5
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	65	35	30
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	65	25	40
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	1,590	705	890
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	1,305	650	655
Cree, n.o.s.	9,255	4,495	4,760
Innu (Montagnais)	5	0	5
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	5	5
Mi'kmaq	10	5	5
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	385	180	205
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	20	5	10
Ojibway languages	355	170	185
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	20	10	10
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	235	110	125
Ojibway, n.o.s.	100	50	50
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,345	610	735
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,335	605	725
Dakelh (Carrier)	5	5	5
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	25	10	15
Dene, n.o.s.	1,075	495	585
Gwich'in	10	0	5
Slavey-Hare languages	150	65	85
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	105	45	55
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	20	10	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	30	10	20
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	35	10	20
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	5
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	20	15	10
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	5	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	145	40	100
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	25	5	20
Inuinnaqtun	5	0	5
Inuvialuktun	20	5	15
Inuktitut	115	35	80
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	10	5	5
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	60	25	40
Salish languages	10	0	5
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	5	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	445	205	235
Assiniboine	10	0	5
Dakota	65	25	40
Stoney	360	175	180
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10
Tsimshian languages	10	5	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	5	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	15	10	5
Non-Indigenous languages	889,485	428,270	461,215
Afro-Asiatic languages	82,270	42,330	39,935
Berber languages	335	185	150
Kabyle	220	110	115
Tamazight	95	60	30
Berber languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15
Chadic languages	160	85	75
Hausa	145	80	65
Mina	10	5	10
Coptic	55	25	30
Cushitic languages	14,995	7,485	7,515
Bilen	650	345	300
Oromo	3,485	1,780	1,705
Somali	10,750	5,280	5,470
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45
Semitic languages	66,720	34,555	32,165
Amharic	8,165	3,925	4,245
Arabic	46,425	24,385	22,045
Aramaic languages	835	405	430
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	445	225	220
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	265	125	140
Aramaic, n.o.s.	130	55	70
Harari	215	105	110
Hebrew	885	455	425
Maltese	55	25	25
Tigrigna	10,065	5,210	4,855
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	35
Austro-Asiatic languages	25,655	11,520	14,135
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,775	800	975
Vietnamese	23,705	10,615	13,090
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	175	100	75
Austronesian languages	131,755	58,110	73,640
Bikol	535	235	295
Bisaya, n.o.s.	2,265	985	1,285
Cebuano	5,210	2,300	2,910
Fijian	120	65	55
Hiligaynon	2,370	1,005	1,370
Ilocano	7,440	3,325	4,110
Indonesian	1,275	510	765
Kankanaey	370	155	220
Kinaray-a	165	80	90
Malagasy languages	50	20	30
Merina	5	0	5
Malagasy, n.o.s.	45	20	30
Malay	270	115	155
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,275	620	650
Pangasinan	515	235	280
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	108,395	47,810	60,590
Waray-Waray	415	195	225
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,075	475	605
Creole languages	1,745	875	875
Haitian Creole	455	230	225
Jamaican English Creole	60	35	30
Krio	270	130	140
Morisyen	325	165	160
Sango	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	420	215	210
Creole languages, n.i.e.	215	110	105
Dravidian languages	17,170	8,845	8,330
Kannada	585	295	295
Malayalam	8,785	4,450	4,330
Tamil	4,950	2,610	2,340
Telugu	2,715	1,425	1,295
Tulu	75	35	40
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	60	25	30
Georgian	200	110	90
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	454,815	224,310	230,505
Albanian	2,345	1,250	1,100
Armenian	490	240	245
Balto-Slavic languages	70,185	32,420	37,760
Baltic languages	885	405	475
Latvian	365	165	205
Lithuanian	515	240	275
Slavic languages	69,305	32,020	37,285
Belarusian	65	30	40
Bulgarian	1,300	640	660
Czech	2,700	1,265	1,435
Macedonian	365	185	185
Polish	17,540	8,130	9,410
Russian	17,735	7,850	9,890
Rusyn	30	20	10
Serbo-Croatian	10,350	5,085	5,270
Bosnian	1,860	905	960
Croatian	4,260	2,105	2,155
Serbian	4,040	1,975	2,065
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	190	100	90
Slovak	1,865	910	950
Slovene (Slovenian)	555	245	305
Ukrainian	16,750	7,630	9,125
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	40	20	15
Celtic languages	295	165	130
Irish	75	45	25
Scottish Gaelic	50	20	20
Welsh	145	75	65
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	30	20	15
Germanic languages	93,145	45,830	47,320
Frisian	250	145	105
High German languages	60,990	29,660	31,325
German	59,835	29,055	30,775
Pennsylvania German	20	10	10
Swiss German	1,045	550	495
Yiddish	90	50	45
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	28,670	14,425	14,245
Afrikaans	3,150	1,555	1,595
Dutch	13,140	6,605	6,535
Low German, n.o.s.	3,060	1,545	1,510
Low Saxon	260	145	120
Plautdietsch	8,815	4,455	4,355
Vlaams (Flemish)	245	120	125
Scandinavian languages	3,155	1,540	1,615
Danish	1,850	945	910
Icelandic	95	45	55
Norwegian	525	245	285
Swedish	680	310	370
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	85	50	30
Greek	2,820	1,430	1,385
Indo-Iranian languages	197,415	100,095	97,320
Indo-Aryan languages	176,130	89,315	86,820
Assamese	85	45	40
Bengali	7,735	3,900	3,835
Gujarati	15,330	7,920	7,415
Hindi	18,815	9,525	9,285
Kacchi	1,625	720	905
Kashmiri	125	65	60
Konkani	345	170	180
Marathi	1,910	970	935
Nepali	5,900	3,035	2,865
Oriya languages	185	100	90
Odia	130	70	60
Oriya, n.o.s.	60	30	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	91,070	46,205	44,870
Rohingya	30	20	15
Sindhi	685	345	340
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	2,700	1,380	1,325
Urdu	28,635	14,425	14,210
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	945	495	445
Iranian languages	21,225	10,750	10,470
Baluchi	65	40	25
Kurdish	2,010	1,035	975
Parsi	25	15	10
Pashto	2,960	1,505	1,460
Persian languages	16,065	8,115	7,955
Dari	5,005	2,490	2,515
Iranian Persian	9,030	4,585	4,445
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	2,035	1,040	995
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	90	45	45
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	60	30	30
Italic (Romance) languages	88,045	42,845	45,205
Catalan	70	30	45
Italian	9,505	4,745	4,755
Portuguese	9,910	4,750	5,165
Romanian	7,425	3,635	3,790
Spanish	61,090	29,655	31,435
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	75	35	40
Japanese	4,575	1,550	3,025
Korean	19,240	8,935	10,305
Mongolian	565	255	310
Niger-Congo languages	16,500	8,265	8,235
Akan (Twi)	1,660	855	800
Bamanankan	30	20	10
Edo	245	125	115
Éwé	225	125	95
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	190	100	95
Ga	125	60	60
Ganda	315	160	160
Gikuyu	160	75	85
Igbo	1,380	725	650
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,135	550	585
Lingala	205	110	100
Luba-Kasai	55	30	30
Mòoré	40	20	20
Mwani	200	100	95
Ndebele	390	190	205
Rundi (Kirundi)	655	305	350
Shona	1,105	530	580
Soninke	25	10	10
Sotho-Tswana languages	150	50	100
Swahili	2,455	1,165	1,290
Wojenaka	25	10	15
Wolof	265	145	115
Yoruba	3,205	1,710	1,490
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,265	1,090	1,170
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,450	1,275	1,175
Dinka	1,040	575	470
Nuer	625	290	335
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	650	340	310
African, n.o.s.	130	70	60
Sign languages	840	440	400
American Sign Language	695	370	330
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70
Sino-Tibetan languages	118,025	54,995	63,030
Chinese languages	115,870	53,935	61,940
Hakka	880	405	470
Mandarin	54,135	25,165	28,970
Min Dong	55	25	30
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,400	1,040	1,360
Wu (Shanghainese)	440	215	225
Yue (Cantonese)	56,280	26,280	30,005
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,605	760	845
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	75	40	35
Tibeto-Burman languages	2,055	1,015	1,040
Burmese	415	205	215
Kuki-Chin languages	130	60	70
Karenic languages	725	365	355
S'gaw Karen	585	290	290
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	65
Tibetan	670	335	335
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	120	55	60
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	100	45	55
Tai-Kadai languages	3,040	1,110	1,935
Lao	950	460	490
Thai	2,010	620	1,390
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	85	35	55
Turkic languages	4,335	2,360	1,975
Azerbaijani	440	235	200
Kazakh	90	35	55
Turkish	3,290	1,825	1,460
Uyghur	130	60	70
Uzbek	240	130	110
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	145	65	75
Uralic languages	6,120	2,890	3,230
Estonian	165	75	90
Finnish	700	285	415
Hungarian	5,255	2,530	2,725
Other languages, n.i.e.	170	85	80
Multiple responses	166,455	80,575	85,890
English and French	17,600	8,520	9,085
English and non-official language(s)	131,195	63,735	67,465
French and non-official language(s)	3,125	1,535	1,590
English, French and non-official language(s)	2,425	1,160	1,270
Multiple non-official languages	12,105	5,625	6,480
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	4,221,835	2,108,780	2,113,050
English	3,183,975	1,606,395	1,577,580
French	15,490	7,660	7,835
Non-official language	272,985	131,515	141,475
Indigenous³⁹	3,700	1,890	1,805
Non-Indigenous	269,280	129,620	139,665
English and French	41,100	19,580	21,515
English and non-official language(s)	664,935	323,185	341,750
French and non-official language(s)	1,590	725	865
English, French and non-official language(s)	17,280	8,175	9,105
Multiple non-official languages	24,475	11,545	12,930
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	4,221,835	2,108,780	2,113,050
Single responses	4,054,960	2,027,555	2,027,400
Official languages	3,504,300	1,758,870	1,745,425
English	3,481,545	1,747,645	1,733,895
French	22,755	11,225	11,530
Non-official languages	550,665	268,690	281,975
Indigenous languages³⁹	7,175	3,615	3,565
Algonquian languages	6,355	3,210	3,140
Blackfoot	965	490	475
Cree-Innu languages	5,290	2,670	2,615
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	5,290	2,670	2,615
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	5	5	5
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	5	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	475	235	240
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	290	150	145
Cree, n.o.s.	4,510	2,275	2,230
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	5
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	95	45	45
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	0
Ojibway languages	90	45	45
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	10	5	5
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	60	30	30
Ojibway, n.o.s.	25	5	15
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	685	345	340
Northern Athabaskan languages	680	340	340
Dakelh (Carrier)	5	0	5
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	10	0	10
Dene, n.o.s.	585	300	290
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	70	40	35
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	60	30	30
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	5	5	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	0	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	15	5	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	10
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	10
Salish languages	5	5	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	100	45	55
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	10	5	5
Stoney	85	35	45
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	543,490	265,075	278,415
Afro-Asiatic languages	52,375	26,290	26,085
Berber languages	165	85	80
Kabyle	95	50	45
Tamazight	55	30	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5
Chadic languages	105	60	45
Hausa	105	60	45
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	15	5	5
Cushitic languages	10,170	5,010	5,155
Bilen	490	255	240
Oromo	2,580	1,305	1,270
Somali	7,045	3,425	3,620
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25
Semitic languages	41,920	21,120	20,800
Amharic	5,025	2,385	2,635
Arabic	28,040	14,195	13,840
Aramaic languages	630	310	325
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	310	155	160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	190	90	95
Aramaic, n.o.s.	135	65	65
Harari	140	70	70
Hebrew	415	215	200
Maltese	10	5	5
Tigrigna	7,600	3,905	3,700
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	60	35	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	17,075	7,795	9,285
Khmer (Cambodian)	975	430	545
Vietnamese	15,945	7,280	8,670
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	155	90	65
Austronesian languages	82,190	38,845	43,345
Bikol	200	100	100
Bisaya, n.o.s.	1,250	595	660
Cebuano	2,990	1,435	1,555
Fijian	25	15	10
Hiligaynon	1,290	610	680
Ilocano	4,450	2,075	2,375
Indonesian	435	215	220
Kankanaey	210	95	120
Kinaray-a	85	40	45
Malagasy languages	20	10	10
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	20	10	10
Malay	65	30	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	700	330	370
Pangasinan	180	85	95
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	69,570	32,865	36,705
Waray-Waray	205	100	110
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	500	245	255
Creole languages	1,010	485	525
Haitian Creole	295	140	155
Jamaican English Creole	45	15	25
Krio	120	55	60
Morisyen	235	115	115
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	205	105	100
Creole languages, n.i.e.	110	45	65
Dravidian languages	11,840	5,985	5,855
Kannada	305	150	160
Malayalam	6,270	3,150	3,120
Tamil	3,480	1,790	1,690
Telugu	1,705	860	845
Tulu	45	20	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20
Georgian	130	75	60
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	265,460	131,850	133,610
Albanian	1,040	550	490
Armenian	245	115	125
Balto-Slavic languages	28,760	13,815	14,945
Baltic languages	345	175	170
Latvian	140	75	65
Lithuanian	205	105	105
Slavic languages	28,415	13,640	14,775
Belarusian	20	10	10
Bulgarian	595	290	305
Czech	765	365	400
Macedonian	180	95	90
Polish	6,810	3,230	3,575
Russian	10,885	5,205	5,680
Rusyn	10	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	4,370	2,105	2,265
Bosnian	750	360	395
Croatian	1,525	740	785
Serbian	2,055	990	1,065
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	35	20	20
Slovak	585	285	295
Slovene (Slovenian)	105	50	50
Ukrainian	4,080	1,990	2,090
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5
Celtic languages	50	25	25
Irish	15	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	20	10	15
Welsh	10	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5
Germanic languages	40,925	20,195	20,730
Frisian	40	25	20
High German languages	29,275	14,360	14,920
German	29,025	14,235	14,790
Pennsylvania German	5	0	0
Swiss German	240	115	125
Yiddish	10	5	5
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	11,310	5,675	5,630
Afrikaans	1,720	850	870
Dutch	1,520	725	800
Low German, n.o.s.	2,280	1,170	1,115
Low Saxon	135	65	65
Plautdietsch	5,620	2,850	2,770
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	15	20
Scandinavian languages	280	130	150
Danish	100	50	50
Icelandic	25	10	10
Norwegian	35	15	20
Swedish	130	55	75
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5
Greek	935	430	505
Indo-Iranian languages	146,225	73,640	72,580
Indo-Aryan languages	132,370	66,780	65,590
Assamese	40	20	20
Bengali	5,085	2,505	2,580
Gujarati	10,620	5,435	5,185
Hindi	12,295	6,225	6,075
Kacchi	830	345	480
Kashmiri	70	35	40
Konkani	130	65	70
Marathi	1,145	570	570
Nepali	4,280	2,200	2,080
Oriya languages	75	40	35
Odia	55	30	25
Oriya, n.o.s.	20	15	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75,180	38,085	37,090
Rohingya	15	10	10
Sindhi	405	205	200
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,595	790	805
Urdu	20,080	9,990	10,085
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	520	255	265
Iranian languages	13,835	6,850	6,980
Baluchi	35	20	15
Kurdish	1,310	655	660
Parsi	15	5	10
Pashto	1,920	960	960
Persian languages	10,495	5,190	5,310
Dari	2,990	1,435	1,560
Iranian Persian	6,150	3,065	3,080
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	1,360	690	670
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages	47,235	23,055	24,180
Catalan	45	20	25
Italian	2,140	915	1,220
Portuguese	4,585	2,230	2,355
Romanian	3,525	1,745	1,775
Spanish	36,925	18,135	18,790
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25
Japanese	2,195	920	1,275
Korean	14,510	6,915	7,590
Mongolian	360	165	200
Niger-Congo languages	6,470	3,055	3,415
Akan (Twi)	750	370	380
Bamanankan	15	10	5
Edo	40	25	20
Éwé	50	30	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	145	70	75
Ga	30	15	20
Ganda	110	50	60
Gikuyu	20	10	10
Igbo	445	215	225
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	565	255	315
Lingala	140	60	80
Luba-Kasai	20	10	15
Mòoré	20	10	10
Mwani	50	30	25
Ndebele	140	65	80
Rundi (Kirundi)	330	160	175
Shona	375	180	195
Soninke	15	5	5
Sotho-Tswana languages	55	20	35
Swahili	1,100	505	595
Wojenaka	5	5	5
Wolof	175	100	80
Yoruba	1,175	565	610
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	670	300	375
Nilo-Saharan languages	1,265	640	625
Dinka	560	310	245
Nuer	400	185	220
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	280	135	145
African, n.o.s.	20	10	10
Sign languages	1,325	765	560
American Sign Language	1,065	610	455
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	255	150	105
Sino-Tibetan languages	81,325	38,350	42,970
Chinese languages	79,775	37,570	42,200
Hakka	310	125	180
Mandarin	40,005	19,245	20,765
Min Dong	20	5	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	985	405	575
Wu (Shanghainese)	265	130	140
Yue (Cantonese)	37,205	17,195	20,010
Chinese, n.o.s.	965	455	505
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15
Tibeto-Burman languages	1,505	765	745
Burmese	250	125	125
Kuki-Chin languages	120	60	60
Karenic languages	565	280	280
S'gaw Karen	460	230	225
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55
Tibetan	510	265	245
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	60	25	30
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25
Tai-Kadai languages	1,410	655	755
Lao	430	205	230
Thai	930	430	495
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35
Turkic languages	2,685	1,405	1,285
Azerbaijani	235	115	120
Kazakh	25	15	10
Turkish	2,180	1,145	1,035
Uyghur	80	40	40
Uzbek	125	65	55
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	25
Uralic languages	1,805	860	945
Estonian	25	10	10
Finnish	110	55	50
Hungarian	1,675	795	880
Other languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35
Multiple responses	166,875	81,225	85,650
English and French	8,010	3,875	4,130
English and non-official language(s)	152,980	74,600	78,375
French and non-official language(s)	770	345	430
English, French and non-official language(s)	1,755	845	915
Multiple non-official languages	3,355	1,560	1,795
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	4,221,835	2,108,780	2,113,050
None	3,610,710	1,812,855	1,797,850
English	224,860	111,370	113,495
French	30,900	14,530	16,375
Non-official language	279,795	133,050	146,750
Indigenous³⁹	10,470	4,835	5,630
Non-Indigenous	269,325	128,210	141,115
English and French	2,825	1,370	1,455
English and non-official language(s)	34,750	17,340	17,410
French and non-official language(s)	7,875	3,655	4,220
English, French and non-official language(s)	565	295	275
Multiple non-official languages	29,550	14,325	15,225
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	4,177,720	2,088,235	2,089,485
Official languages	4,113,035	2,061,660	2,051,375
English	4,109,720	2,060,230	2,049,495
French	260,415	119,860	140,560
Non-official languages	1,215,795	587,465	628,325
Indigenous languages³⁹	32,910	15,640	17,275
Algonquian languages	29,220	13,945	15,275
Blackfoot	6,605	3,085	3,515
Cree-Innu languages	22,000	10,590	11,410
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	21,980	10,585	11,395
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	10	10	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	15	10	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	190	100	90
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	150	60	85
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	4,265	1,840	2,425
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	2,155	1,060	1,100
Cree, n.o.s.	15,405	7,600	7,800
Innu (Montagnais)	20	10	15
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	50	25	25
Mi'kmaq	50	25	25
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,050	480	570
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	40	10	30
Ojibway languages	1,020	470	555
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	70	40	35
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	635	290	345
Ojibway, n.o.s.	320	135	185
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	2,510	1,145	1,365
Northern Athabaskan languages	2,490	1,140	1,350
Dakelh (Carrier)	20	0	15
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	60	25	30
Dene, n.o.s.	1,760	840	920
Gwich'in	20	15	10
Slavey-Hare languages	395	165	230
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	285	120	165
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	25	15	15
Slavey, n.o.s.	125	45	80
Tahltan languages	20	15	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	15	10	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	80	35	45
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	170	70	100
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	10	0	0
Tlingit	15	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10
Haida	15	10	10
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	180	60	120
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	20	10	10
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	20	10	10
Inuktitut	160	55	100
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	40	15	25
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	40	10	25
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	20	0	15
Michif	235	105	130
Salish languages	20	20	10
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	15	10	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	1,155	580	580
Assiniboine	130	55	70
Dakota	200	105	95
Stoney	890	455	430
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	90	50	40
Tsimshian languages	15	10	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	10	0	0
Wakashan languages	30	10	20
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	15	0	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	105	35	65
Non-Indigenous languages	1,183,510	572,060	611,450
Afro-Asiatic languages	123,440	63,820	59,620
Berber languages	630	370	260
Kabyle	425	215	210
Tamazight	180	135	45
Berber languages, n.i.e.	55	40	15
Chadic languages	845	500	345
Hausa	810	470	335
Mina	35	30	10
Coptic	135	70	65
Cushitic languages	20,915	10,520	10,385
Bilen	810	415	385
Oromo	5,390	2,775	2,610
Somali	14,865	7,395	7,475
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	170	90	80
Semitic languages	105,580	54,910	50,670
Amharic	15,775	8,070	7,700
Arabic	76,760	40,430	36,335
Aramaic languages	1,125	625	495
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	470	260	205
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	435	255	190
Aramaic, n.o.s.	235	125	105
Harari	365	190	175
Hebrew	3,710	1,935	1,770
Maltese	80	40	40
Tigrigna	15,380	7,855	7,515
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	420	285	130
Austro-Asiatic languages	35,940	16,645	19,295
Khmer (Cambodian)	2,685	1,275	1,410
Vietnamese	33,020	15,240	17,785
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	390	225	165
Austronesian languages	181,630	80,370	101,260
Bikol	1,140	605	535
Bisaya, n.o.s.	3,010	1,285	1,720
Cebuano	8,560	3,850	4,710
Fijian	330	170	165
Hiligaynon	3,750	1,590	2,160
Ilocano	13,710	5,825	7,885
Indonesian	2,410	1,045	1,355
Kankanaey	615	230	380
Kinaray-a	175	95	80
Malagasy languages	80	30	45
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	70	30	35
Malay	1,705	805	900
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	2,670	1,210	1,465
Pangasinan	1,215	560	660
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	172,625	76,255	96,375
Waray-Waray	1,015	460	550
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,045	2,295	2,750
Creole languages	5,360	2,730	2,630
Haitian Creole	1,435	765	670
Jamaican English Creole	480	210	275
Krio	530	260	270
Morisyen	855	425	430
Sango	30	25	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,250	670	585
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,160	580	580
Dravidian languages	25,790	13,240	12,545
Kannada	1,785	915	870
Malayalam	12,090	6,195	5,890
Tamil	10,105	5,340	4,760
Telugu	5,040	2,575	2,465
Tulu	160	80	75
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	105	55	50
Georgian	315	175	140
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	607,625	300,360	307,265
Albanian	3,130	1,730	1,405
Armenian	795	440	355
Balto-Slavic languages	88,305	41,660	46,640
Baltic languages	975	425	545
Latvian	330	130	195
Lithuanian	650	300	350
Slavic languages	87,775	41,425	46,350
Belarusian	280	120	165
Bulgarian	1,680	800	880
Czech	3,880	1,930	1,950
Macedonian	635	295	345
Polish	22,385	10,655	11,730
Russian	29,760	14,030	15,725
Rusyn	40	35	15
Serbo-Croatian	13,860	6,820	7,035
Bosnian	3,470	1,675	1,795
Croatian	6,945	3,440	3,510
Serbian	6,415	3,155	3,260
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	260	115	140
Slovak	2,540	1,165	1,375
Slovene (Slovenian)	770	335	440
Ukrainian	23,340	10,625	12,715
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	55	20	35
Celtic languages	1,175	565	610
Irish	535	260	275
Scottish Gaelic	240	110	130
Welsh	335	170	165
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	70	30	40
Germanic languages	107,065	53,150	53,915
Frisian	385	175	210
High German languages	66,405	33,105	33,300
German	65,370	32,550	32,820
Pennsylvania German	30	15	10
Swiss German	1,585	785	800
Yiddish	215	135	85
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	38,720	19,390	19,320
Afrikaans	5,940	3,005	2,935
Dutch	17,170	8,515	8,655
Low German, n.o.s.	4,055	2,030	2,020
Low Saxon	290	150	140
Plautdietsch	11,395	5,810	5,590
Vlaams (Flemish)	370	180	195
Scandinavian languages	5,305	2,545	2,760
Danish	2,525	1,295	1,225
Icelandic	135	45	85
Norwegian	1,235	555	680
Swedish	1,620	760	855
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	60	45
Greek	4,645	2,365	2,280
Indo-Iranian languages	266,095	135,440	130,660
Indo-Aryan languages	242,500	123,495	119,005
Assamese	190	105	90
Bengali	10,675	5,385	5,285
Gujarati	24,780	12,630	12,150
Hindi	94,015	48,065	45,945
Kacchi	3,495	1,550	1,945
Kashmiri	335	160	175
Konkani	860	430	425
Marathi	4,030	2,080	1,950
Nepali	6,995	3,620	3,370
Oriya languages	245	115	135
Odia	80	35	45
Oriya, n.o.s.	170	85	90
Punjabi (Panjabi)	126,385	64,695	61,690
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	1,380	755	620
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,960	1,950	2,010
Urdu	51,540	26,420	25,125
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	2,125	1,155	970
Iranian languages	27,205	13,830	13,380
Baluchi	95	60	35
Kurdish	2,510	1,335	1,180
Parsi	35	20	10
Pashto	4,550	2,335	2,220
Persian languages	20,940	10,630	10,310
Dari	7,385	3,640	3,745
Iranian Persian	11,130	5,755	5,370
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	2,710	1,390	1,320
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	205	105	100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	315	185	130
Italic (Romance) languages	154,035	74,195	79,845
Catalan	155	75	80
Italian	19,480	9,525	9,960
Portuguese	14,645	7,290	7,355
Romanian	9,765	4,930	4,830
Spanish	116,070	55,430	60,640
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	455	270	185
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	300	135	165
Japanese	10,925	4,845	6,080
Korean	23,030	10,705	12,325
Mongolian	790	355	435
Niger-Congo languages	41,335	20,960	20,375
Akan (Twi)	3,555	1,805	1,755
Bamanankan	130	80	55
Edo	735	400	335
Éwé	490	265	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	475	270	205
Ga	515	265	255
Ganda	730	350	380
Gikuyu	420	205	210
Igbo	4,685	2,390	2,295
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,955	1,010	945
Lingala	1,555	790	765
Luba-Kasai	205	95	110
Mòoré	110	50	60
Mwani	330	180	145
Ndebele	950	465	480
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,305	675	630
Shona	2,160	1,035	1,130
Soninke	125	65	55
Sotho-Tswana languages	320	140	180
Swahili	9,495	5,040	4,455
Wojenaka	145	85	60
Wolof	730	400	330
Yoruba	10,490	5,265	5,220
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,385	3,160	3,230
Nilo-Saharan languages	3,615	1,890	1,725
Dinka	1,595	850	740
Nuer	745	355	395
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,285	695	590
African, n.o.s.	440	240	200
Sign languages	6,525	2,455	4,070
American Sign Language	5,685	2,100	3,585
Quebec Sign Language	30	10	20
Sign languages, n.i.e.	970	415	550
Sino-Tibetan languages	144,545	68,355	76,190
Chinese languages	141,465	66,830	74,635
Hakka	1,450	630	820
Mandarin	82,095	38,175	43,915
Min Dong	55	25	35
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	4,250	1,825	2,425
Wu (Shanghainese)	615	280	335
Yue (Cantonese)	74,960	35,260	39,700
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,795	860	930
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	105	40	65
Tibeto-Burman languages	3,035	1,510	1,520
Burmese	895	450	450
Kuki-Chin languages	160	75	80
Karenic languages	1,095	555	545
S'gaw Karen	970	485	480
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	170	90	80
Tibetan	825	435	390
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	325	135	195
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	240	75	160
Tai-Kadai languages	4,335	1,770	2,565
Lao	1,515	755	760
Thai	3,030	1,125	1,905
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	220	90	130
Turkic languages	7,450	4,015	3,435
Azerbaijani	950	500	445
Kazakh	235	110	125
Turkish	5,830	3,285	2,540
Uyghur	205	80	120
Uzbek	435	225	210
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	260	110	140
Uralic languages	7,950	3,810	4,140
Estonian	245	105	135
Finnish	1,020	480	540
Hungarian	6,700	3,235	3,465
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,135	630	505
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,177,715	2,088,235	2,089,485
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	284,470	137,665	146,800
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	276,060	133,625	142,435
First Nations (North American Indian)	145,640	70,360	75,285
Métis	127,470	61,780	65,690
Inuk (Inuit)	2,945	1,480	1,465
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	4,785	2,435	2,350
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	3,620	1,610	2,010
Non-Indigenous identity	3,893,245	1,950,565	1,942,685
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,177,715	2,088,235	2,089,485
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	126,530	61,050	65,485
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,051,185	2,027,185	2,024,000
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,633,220	...	...
Owner	1,157,495	...	...
Renter	465,220	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	10,505	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,633,220	...	...
Condominium	294,875	...	...
Not condominium	1,338,345	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,633,220	...	...
No bedrooms	9,160	...	...
1 bedroom	158,300	...	...
2 bedrooms	350,400	...	...
3 bedrooms	566,750	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	548,610	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,633,220	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	427,120	...	...
5 rooms	258,680	...	...
6 rooms	235,145	...	...
7 rooms	206,130	...	...
8 or more rooms	506,150	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,633,220	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,589,600	...	...
More than one person per room	43,620	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,633,220	...	...
Suitable	1,556,960	...	...
Not suitable	76,260	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,633,220	...	...
1960 or before	168,925	...	...
1961 to 1980	428,655	...	...
1981 to 1990	188,550	...	...
1991 to 2000	224,315	...	...
2001 to 2005	152,840	...	...
2006 to 2010	168,905	...	...
2011 to 2015	161,095	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	139,935	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,633,220	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,543,795	...	...
Major repairs needed	89,420	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,633,220	...	...
One-maintainer household	802,915	...	...
Two-maintainer household	745,175	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	85,130	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,633,220	...	...
15 to 24 years	51,475	...	...
25 to 34 years	260,820	...	...
35 to 44 years	341,390	...	...
45 to 54 years	304,080	...	...
55 to 64 years	311,335	...	...
65 to 74 years	222,825	...	...
75 to 84 years	105,505	...	...
85 years and over	35,775	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,588,960	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,251,370	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	337,585	...	...
30% to less than 100%	306,355	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,633,220	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	463,775	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	304,300	...	...
Not suitable only	58,970	...	...
Major repairs needed only	61,750	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	11,080	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	21,460	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	5,470	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	740	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,169,450	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,557,725	...	...
In core need	154,230	...	...
Not in core need	1,403,495	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,131,995	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	64.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,678	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	448,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	463,570	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	34.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,280	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,332	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,505	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	5.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	302	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	350	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	4,177,715	2,088,230	2,089,480
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	135,650	66,545	69,110
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	131,200	64,375	66,820
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	101,455	49,465	51,990
Métis single ancestry	28,695	14,340	14,355
Inuit single ancestry	1,050	570	480
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	4,455	2,175	2,285
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	4,090	1,985	2,100
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	160	75	90
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	160	85	70
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	50	25	25
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	187,365	90,475	96,890
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	180,640	87,270	93,375
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	102,335	49,695	52,640
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	76,055	36,420	39,640
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	2,255	1,155	1,095
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	6,720	3,210	3,515
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	6,150	2,915	3,235
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	315	140	175
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	205	130	70
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50	15	40
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	3,854,695	1,931,210	1,923,485
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	4,177,720	2,088,235	2,089,485
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	3,792,705	1,903,020	1,889,685
Canadian citizens aged under 18	900,670	463,925	436,745
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,892,035	1,439,095	1,452,945
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	385,010	185,215	199,795
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	4,177,720	2,088,235	2,089,485
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	3,141,915	1,585,765	1,556,150
Immigrants⁸¹	970,970	468,250	502,725
Before 1980	127,275	62,275	65,005
1980 to 1990	91,320	44,550	46,770
1991 to 2000	126,605	60,125	66,480
2001 to 2010	239,260	115,815	123,445
2011 to 2021⁸²	386,510	185,485	201,025
2011 to 2015	193,335	93,675	99,665
2016 to 2021	193,175	91,810	101,360
Non-permanent residents⁸³	64,830	34,215	30,610
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	970,975	468,250	502,725
Under 5 years	85,135	43,645	41,485
5 to 14 years	169,075	87,630	81,440
15 to 24 years	175,855	81,330	94,525
25 to 44 years	450,070	213,555	236,510
45 years and over	90,845	42,090	48,760
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	970,975	468,250	502,725
Americas	110,855	51,790	59,065
Brazil	3,800	1,590	2,210
Colombia	10,385	4,855	5,535
El Salvador	6,940	3,340	3,600
Guyana	2,375	1,175	1,205
Haiti	1,370	745	625
Jamaica	8,695	4,160	4,530
Mexico	17,990	8,935	9,055
Peru	1,905	825	1,075
Trinidad and Tobago	3,360	1,560	1,800
United States of America	30,540	13,490	17,050
Other places of birth in Americas	23,500	11,110	12,395
Europe	180,590	90,195	90,395
Bosnia and Herzegovina	4,335	2,155	2,185
Croatia	3,405	1,710	1,700
France	2,720	1,330	1,390
Germany	16,635	8,000	8,635
Greece	1,895	1,035	855
Hungary	3,080	1,505	1,580
Italy	6,990	3,605	3,380
Netherlands	12,730	6,680	6,050
Poland	15,595	7,280	8,315
Portugal	3,730	1,895	1,835
Romania	7,190	3,585	3,605
Russian Federation	7,470	3,205	4,260
Serbia⁸⁶	2,220	1,075	1,145
Ukraine	8,915	4,050	4,870
United Kingdom⁸⁷	56,675	29,555	27,125
Other places of birth in Europe	26,990	13,535	13,460
Africa	119,295	60,715	58,580
Algeria	1,220	665	560
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	3,215	1,640	1,575
Egypt	6,760	3,660	3,095
Eritrea	9,720	5,230	4,495
Ethiopia	14,420	7,085	7,340
Morocco	2,130	1,100	1,035
Nigeria	21,065	10,925	10,145
Somalia	8,545	4,260	4,285
South Africa, Republic of	8,960	4,430	4,535
Other places of birth in Africa	43,250	21,720	21,530
Asia	549,965	260,520	289,440
Afghanistan	6,585	3,235	3,350
Iran⁸⁸	8,865	4,625	4,245
Iraq	6,220	3,225	2,990
Lebanon	9,960	5,375	4,585
Syria⁸⁹	9,975	5,310	4,665
Turkey	2,830	1,575	1,260
China⁹⁰	61,390	27,935	33,455
Hong Kong⁹¹	18,725	9,090	9,630
Korea, South⁹²	16,180	7,545	8,635
Taiwan	3,395	1,415	1,980
Philippines	167,735	74,205	93,530
Viet Nam	27,880	12,700	15,180
Bangladesh	6,035	3,080	2,960
India	122,150	61,405	60,740
Pakistan	30,810	15,690	15,120
Sri Lanka	4,930	2,490	2,445
Other places of birth in Asia	46,305	21,615	24,690
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10,275	5,030	5,240
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	193,170	91,815	101,360
Americas	19,300	8,985	10,320
Brazil	1,365	555	810
Colombia	1,310	535	775
Haiti	220	135	85
Jamaica	2,130	985	1,145
Mexico	4,165	2,140	2,025
United States of America	5,175	2,460	2,715
Venezuela⁹⁵	1,220	525	695
Other places of birth in Americas	3,715	1,645	2,070
Europe	15,750	7,955	7,795
France	405	200	200
Germany	750	310	445
Ireland⁹⁶	1,060	640	425
Italy	470	285	180
Russian Federation	1,090	395	695
Ukraine	2,045	920	1,125
United Kingdom⁸⁷	3,800	2,170	1,630
Other places of birth in Europe	6,135	3,045	3,090
Africa	34,320	16,870	17,450
Algeria	155	50	105
Burundi	450	220	230
Cameroon	905	385	520
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	920	450	465
Côte d'Ivoire	265	125	140
Egypt	1,190	595	595
Eritrea	5,120	2,665	2,450
Ethiopia	3,960	1,865	2,100
Morocco	510	215	290
Nigeria	9,840	4,950	4,890
Somalia	1,960	970	985
South Africa, Republic of	1,950	1,025	930
Sudan⁹⁷	1,135	530	605
Tunisia	250	150	105
Other places of birth in Africa	5,725	2,680	3,040
Asia	122,360	57,210	65,145
Afghanistan	1,350	655	700
Bangladesh	1,135	540	590
China⁹⁰	9,495	4,095	5,400
Hong Kong⁹¹	730	330	395
India	31,815	16,070	15,745
Iran⁸⁸	1,420	665	750
Iraq	1,305	625	680
Israel	660	365	295
Japan	335	50	285
Jordan	455	235	220
Korea, South⁹²	3,425	1,440	1,990
Lebanon	955	455	500
Nepal	1,365	670	695
Pakistan	4,085	1,950	2,130
Philippines	47,605	21,395	26,215
Saudi Arabia	690	360	325
Sri Lanka	740	370	365
Syria⁸⁹	7,295	3,900	3,400
Turkey	845	405	440
United Arab Emirates	690	375	315
Viet Nam	1,760	580	1,180
Other places of birth in Asia	4,205	1,670	2,540
Oceania and other⁹³	1,445	785	655
Australia	940	510	430
Other places of birth⁹⁸	500	280	220
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	4,177,715	2,088,235	2,089,485
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,074,140	522,255	551,885
Second generation¹⁰¹	777,505	391,285	386,215
Third generation or more¹⁰²	2,326,075	1,174,690	1,151,385
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	843,700	405,975	437,720
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	471,325	236,805	234,520
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	192,785	116,035	76,755
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	278,535	120,765	157,765
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	240,090	98,410	141,680
Refugees¹⁰⁸	123,970	66,715	57,255
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	8,315	4,050	4,265
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	843,700	405,975	437,720
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	29,815	17,215	12,595
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	126,640	57,515	69,125
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	24,340	12,430	11,910
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	47,540	25,735	21,805
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	3,740	1,430	2,305
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	611,625	291,650	319,975
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	4,177,715	2,088,235	2,089,485
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,161,420	571,535	589,885
South Asian	297,650	152,030	145,620
Chinese	164,235	79,520	84,710
Black	177,940	90,375	87,570
Filipino	216,710	99,540	117,170
Arab	69,505	36,555	32,955
Latin American	66,520	32,115	34,405
Southeast Asian	54,005	25,215	28,790
West Asian	25,075	12,835	12,240
Korean	24,365	11,600	12,770
Japanese	13,560	6,135	7,425
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	12,100	5,985	6,120
Multiple visible minorities	39,745	19,625	20,120
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	3,016,295	1,516,700	1,499,605
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	4,177,720	2,088,235	2,089,485
Canadian	484,655	251,795	232,860
English	766,070	376,940	389,130
Irish	561,915	270,440	291,470
Scottish	631,015	309,855	321,160
French, n.o.s.¹²²	340,900	167,270	173,635
German	641,025	317,325	323,705
Chinese	177,990	85,545	92,440
Italian	98,730	49,855	48,875
Indian (India)	155,700	79,060	76,640
Ukrainian	343,640	169,070	174,575
Dutch	174,625	87,015	87,610
Polish	169,925	82,005	87,915
Québécois	5,380	2,810	2,570
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	124,835	63,065	61,770
Filipino	203,955	94,020	109,935
French Canadian	32,365	15,655	16,710
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	73,475	37,700	35,780
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	73,355	35,940	37,415
Métis	115,455	55,915	59,535
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	70,790	36,360	34,425
Russian	97,890	46,455	51,435
Norwegian	154,535	74,455	80,085
Welsh	76,810	36,840	39,970
Portuguese	21,415	10,745	10,680
American	66,100	32,535	33,560
Spanish	40,165	18,395	21,770
Swedish	92,975	43,950	49,025
Hungarian	51,360	25,175	26,185
Acadian	10,110	5,175	4,935
Pakistani	39,535	20,140	19,390
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	34,225	17,015	17,210
Jewish	14,405	7,195	7,210
Punjabi	37,585	19,270	18,315
Vietnamese	39,395	18,815	20,580
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	23,860	12,675	11,185
Greek	13,980	7,290	6,690
Jamaican	15,620	7,845	7,775
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	31,255	15,030	16,225
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	62,465	30,145	32,315
Korean	24,170	11,505	12,660
Romanian	31,530	14,880	16,650
Lebanese	28,480	14,600	13,880
Iranian	10,550	5,380	5,165
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	14,380	7,135	7,240
Danish	56,190	27,550	28,640
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	26,435	12,745	13,695
Sikh	28,860	15,005	13,855
Austrian	36,220	17,895	18,325
Belgian	21,985	10,715	11,270
Haitian	2,460	1,255	1,200
Hindu	20,535	10,485	10,050
Mexican	25,450	12,870	12,580
Mennonite	31,565	15,825	15,740
Swiss	22,450	11,045	11,405
Finnish	18,705	9,040	9,665
Sri Lankan	5,140	2,600	2,540
Croatian	13,720	6,830	6,890
Japanese	18,605	8,565	10,040
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	8,945	4,525	4,420
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	8,305	4,030	4,275
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	25,800	13,080	12,720
Muslim	12,420	6,350	6,065
Egyptian	9,585	5,080	4,505
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	12,105	5,985	6,125
Tamil	3,160	1,645	1,515
Icelandic	19,720	9,865	9,850
Colombian	11,115	5,380	5,735
Moroccan	2,620	1,375	1,250
Czech	19,730	9,465	10,260
Syrian	9,520	4,880	4,645
Guyanese	3,370	1,715	1,655
Afghan	10,380	5,155	5,225
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	6,880	3,570	3,310
Serbian	7,410	3,655	3,760
Ojibway	4,680	2,280	2,395
Newfoundlander	8,615	4,495	4,125
Hong Konger	6,715	3,340	3,375
Ontarian	3,155	1,505	1,655
Persian	4,640	2,425	2,215
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	4,595	2,300	2,295
Turkish	6,670	3,725	2,945
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	3,935	2,065	1,870
Bangladeshi	6,525	3,435	3,090
Algerian	1,300	680	620
Brazilian	5,000	2,340	2,655
Nigerian	14,600	7,585	7,015
Armenian	1,870	930	940
Slovak	10,525	5,200	5,320
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	7,430	3,470	3,965
Somali	16,310	8,160	8,150
Taiwanese	3,630	1,510	2,120
Iraqi	4,725	2,385	2,345
Salvadorean	7,055	3,475	3,580
African Caribbean	2,290	1,180	1,110
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	7,445	3,460	3,980
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	5,800	3,120	2,680
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	3,670	1,735	1,930
Algonquin	1,680	820	860
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	2,215	995	1,220
Lithuanian	5,670	2,635	3,035
South African	8,400	4,055	4,345
Australian	8,395	4,275	4,125
Palestinian	4,425	2,365	2,060
Chilean	7,350	3,765	3,590
Congolese	3,540	1,815	1,725
Nova Scotian	2,590	1,280	1,310
Ethiopian	13,505	6,620	6,875
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	5,735	2,690	3,045
Peruvian	2,670	1,270	1,395
Yoruba	8,895	4,535	4,360
Cambodian (Khmer)	4,535	2,235	2,295
Berber	995	550	450
Albanian	3,240	1,810	1,430
Maltese	1,535	800	730
Macedonian	925	440	485
Slovenian	3,860	1,935	1,925
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	5,220	2,505	2,715
New Brunswicker	1,545	790	760
Gujarati	4,210	2,140	2,070
Eritrean	11,010	5,580	5,430
African Canadian	2,605	1,305	1,305
Israeli	1,920	995	925
Mohawk	1,965	1,020	950
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	8,235	3,925	4,310
Bulgarian	2,490	1,205	1,290
Albertan	26,600	13,605	12,990
Ghanaian	4,015	2,025	1,995
Barbadian	1,725	835	895
African American	3,250	1,665	1,585
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	4,085	1,990	2,095
Tunisian	855	440	415
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	3,640	1,890	1,745
Cuban	2,125	985	1,140
Bosnian	4,170	2,065	2,100
Venezuelan	4,240	2,015	2,220
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	250	110	140
Latvian	2,920	1,450

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Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
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Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
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