Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
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Topic:
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Age
Age characteristics
Commuting
Select all: Commuting
Commuting destination
Commuting duration
Main mode of commuting
Place of work status
Time leaving for work
Education
Select all: Education
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Ethnocultural and religious diversity
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Ethnic or cultural origin
Religion
Visible minority
Families, households, and marital status
Select all: Families, households, and marital status
Family characteristics
Household type
Marital status
Housing
Household characteristics
Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship
Select all: Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship
Admission category and applicant type
Age at immigration
Citizenship
Generation status
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Pre-admission experience
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Income
Select all: Income
Income of economic families in 2020
Income of households in 2020
Income of individuals in 2019
Income of individuals in 2020
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Indigenous peoples
Select all: Indigenous peoples
Indigenous ancestry
Indigenous population
Instruction in the minority official language
Select all: Instruction in the minority official language
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Labour
Select all: Labour
Class of worker including job permanency
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Labour force status
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Work activity during the reference year
Language
Select all: Language
All languages spoken at home
First official language spoken
Knowledge of languages
Knowledge of official languages
Language spoken most often at home
Mother tongue
Other language spoken regularly at home
Language of work
Select all: Language of work
All languages used at work
Language used most often at work
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Mobility and migration
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Mobility status 1 year ago
Mobility status 5 years ago
Population and dwelling counts
Population and dwellings
Type of dwelling
Household and dwelling characteristics
GenderMore information:


Statistic:
Characteristic British ColumbiaMore information:

[Province]
Counts
Total Men+ Women+
Population and dwellings
Population, 20211 5,000,879 ... ...
Population, 20161 4,648,055 ... ...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021 7.6 ... ...
Total private dwellings2 2,211,694 ... ...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents3 2,041,834 ... ...
Population density per square kilometre 5.4 ... ...
Land area in square kilometres 920,686.55 ... ...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data 5,000,880 2,457,515 2,543,365
0 to 14 years 716,900 369,250 347,650
0 to 4 years 216,825 111,015 105,805
5 to 9 years 244,290 125,810 118,485
10 to 14 years 255,790 132,425 123,365
15 to 64 years 3,267,620 1,614,625 1,652,995
15 to 19 years 253,690 131,245 122,445
20 to 24 years 294,650 151,505 143,145
25 to 29 years 337,090 170,500 166,585
30 to 34 years 358,585 178,925 179,660
35 to 39 years 353,350 175,175 178,175
40 to 44 years 319,740 156,480 163,260
45 to 49 years 310,035 149,520 160,515
50 to 54 years 329,005 158,540 170,460
55 to 59 years 356,345 172,520 183,825
60 to 64 years 355,130 170,210 184,920
65 years and over 1,016,365 473,640 542,720
65 to 69 years 319,405 152,705 166,700
70 to 74 years 272,365 130,370 141,995
75 to 79 years 181,075 86,060 95,015
80 to 84 years 121,055 55,285 65,780
85 years and over 122,465 49,225 73,235
85 to 89 years 74,315 32,315 42,005
90 to 94 years 36,840 13,715 23,120
95 to 99 years 9,790 2,865 6,925
100 years and over 1,515 330 1,185
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data 100.0 100.0 100.0
0 to 14 years 14.3 15.0 13.7
15 to 64 years 65.3 65.7 65.0
65 years and over 20.3 19.3 21.3
85 years and over 2.4 2.0 2.9
Average age of the population 43.1 42.2 43.9
Median age of the population 42.8 41.6 44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data 2,041,835 ... ...
Single-detached house 866,340 ... ...
Semi-detached house 62,890 ... ...
Row house 168,590 ... ...
Apartment or flat in a duplex 249,835 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys 417,475 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys 221,845 ... ...
Other single-attached house 3,760 ... ...
Movable dwelling4 51,100 ... ...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data 2,041,835 ... ...
1 person 600,705 ... ...
2 persons 719,865 ... ...
3 persons 296,200 ... ...
4 persons 256,700 ... ...
5 or more persons 168,355 ... ...
Number of persons in private households 4,915,945 2,416,800 2,499,140
Average household size 2.4 ... ...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data 4,283,980 2,088,265 2,195,715
Married or living common-law 2,464,130 1,229,850 1,234,280
Married 2,036,165 1,015,165 1,021,000
Living common-law 427,970 214,680 213,285
Living common law - Never married 313,560 158,045 155,515
Living common law - Separated 17,220 8,940 8,285
Living common law - Divorced 87,370 43,700 43,670
Living common law - Widowed 9,815 3,995 5,820
Not married and not living common-law 1,819,845 858,415 961,435
Not married and not living common law - Never married 1,202,625 653,345 549,280
Not married and not living common law - Separated 110,710 47,290 63,420
Not married and not living common law - Divorced 283,035 109,615 173,420
Not married and not living common law - Widowed 223,475 48,165 175,310
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data5 1,399,405 ... ...
2 persons 763,875 ... ...
3 persons 290,335 ... ...
4 persons 255,295 ... ...
5 or more persons 89,900 ... ...
Average size of census families 2.8 ... ...
Average number of children in census families with children6 1.7 ... ...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data 1,399,405 ... ...
Total couple families 1,190,930 ... ...
Married couples 977,010 ... ...
With children6 496,240 ... ...
Without children 480,770 ... ...
Common-law couples 213,925 ... ...
With children6 64,570 ... ...
Without children 149,355 ... ...
Total one-parent families 208,475 ... ...
in which the parent is a woman+ 161,820 ... ...
in which the parent is a man+ 46,655 ... ...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data 4,915,945 2,416,800 2,499,140
Total - Persons in census families 3,897,915 1,933,790 1,964,120
Married spouses or common-law partners 2,381,865 1,191,345 1,190,515
Parents in one-parent families 208,475 46,660 161,820
Children6 1,307,575 695,790 611,785
In a two-parent family 1,001,235 529,410 471,830
In a one-parent family 306,340 166,380 139,960
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data 1,018,030 483,010 535,015
Living alone 600,705 273,740 326,960
Living with other relatives7 139,900 56,735 83,160
Living with non-relatives only 277,425 152,535 124,890
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data 2,041,830 ... ...
One-census-family households without additional persons 1,157,520 ... ...
Couple-family households 1,002,775 ... ...
With children6 463,945 ... ...
Without children 538,825 ... ...
One-parent-family households 154,745 ... ...
Multigenerational households8 75,700 ... ...
Multiple-census-family households9 20,325 ... ...
One-census-family households with additional persons9 79,015 ... ...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households 108,570 ... ...
One-person households 600,705 ... ...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data10 4,200,500 2,048,300 2,152,200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 4,076,345 1,987,855 2,088,490
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($) 40,800 47,200 36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 4,078,810 1,989,180 2,089,630
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($) 37,200 42,400 33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 3,655,710 1,808,310 1,847,405
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($) 35,200 43,600 28,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 2,886,365 1,471,335 1,415,030
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($) 38,000 46,000 31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 3,377,800 1,555,875 1,821,925
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($) 10,000 9,100 10,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 370,345 168,520 201,825
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) 5,480 5,480 5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 1,106,935 526,910 580,025
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) 8,000 8,000 8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data11 4,200,425 2,048,395 2,152,030
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 4,075,270 1,987,400 2,087,875
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($) 54,450 63,500 45,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 4,077,810 1,988,785 2,089,025
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($) 45,600 51,900 39,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 3,654,285 1,807,745 1,846,535
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($) 50,520 60,800 40,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 2,886,325 1,472,690 1,413,635
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($) 50,520 59,800 40,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 3,374,170 1,553,970 1,820,205
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($) 11,030 10,490 11,490
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 368,410 167,495 200,910
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) 6,540 6,030 6,970
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 1,102,145 524,940 577,205
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) 9,110 8,940 9,260
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data12 4,200,420 2,048,395 2,152,030
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data13 1,301,410 737,105 564,300
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)14 65,000 71,500 57,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)15 77,700 86,600 66,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data16 1,195,830 547,835 647,995
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) 19,400 22,400 17,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) 30,560 36,160 25,840
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data17 100.0 100.0 100.0
Market income (%)18 83.2 87.0 78.2
Employment income (%)19 65.8 69.8 60.4
Government transfers (%)20 16.8 12.9 21.9
Employment insurance benefits (%) 1.1 0.8 1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%) 5.6 4.5 7.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%) 4.5 3.7 5.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data21 4,200,500 2,048,300 2,152,200
Without total income 124,155 60,445 63,710
With total income 4,076,350 1,987,855 2,088,490
Under $10,000 (including loss) 385,230 166,325 218,900
$10,000 to $19,999 474,245 197,530 276,715
$20,000 to $29,999 627,895 264,860 363,035
$30,000 to $39,999 515,780 222,825 292,955
$40,000 to $49,999 442,130 198,985 243,150
$50,000 to $59,999 363,335 172,380 190,950
$60,000 to $69,999 284,130 149,100 135,030
$70,000 to $79,999 221,755 125,565 96,190
$80,000 to $89,999 172,110 101,195 70,915
$90,000 to $99,999 136,185 81,180 55,005
$100,000 and over 453,550 307,905 145,645
$100,000 to $149,999 297,440 194,595 102,850
$150,000 and over 156,105 113,310 42,800
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data22 4,200,500 2,048,300 2,152,200
Without after-tax income 121,690 59,120 62,575
With after-tax income 4,078,810 1,989,185 2,089,630
Under $10,000 (including loss) 402,375 172,800 229,575
$10,000 to $19,999 490,875 204,625 286,255
$20,000 to $29,999 705,795 299,550 406,245
$30,000 to $39,999 593,485 261,620 331,865
$40,000 to $49,999 502,775 233,645 269,135
$50,000 to $59,999 387,850 198,895 188,955
$60,000 to $69,999 283,825 160,510 123,315
$70,000 to $79,999 207,535 122,690 84,840
$80,000 to $89,999 150,155 91,640 58,515
$90,000 to $99,999 99,015 63,800 35,220
$100,000 and over 255,125 179,415 75,715
$100,000 to $124,999 127,025 86,835 40,195
$125,000 and over 128,100 92,585 35,515
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data19 4,200,500 2,048,300 2,152,200
Without employment income 1,314,135 576,965 737,165
With employment income 2,886,365 1,471,335 1,415,035
Under $5,000 (including loss) 397,640 182,895 214,745
$5,000 to $9,999 234,130 99,970 134,165
$10,000 to $19,999 339,265 147,650 191,615
$20,000 to $29,999 266,065 118,485 147,580
$30,000 to $39,999 257,235 116,285 140,950
$40,000 to $49,999 247,550 116,085 131,470
$50,000 to $59,999 230,030 112,805 117,220
$60,000 to $69,999 190,470 105,215 85,260
$70,000 to $79,999 154,990 91,615 63,375
$80,000 to $89,999 128,265 77,550 50,715
$90,000 to $99,999 105,855 64,420 41,430
$100,000 and over 334,875 238,370 96,505
$100,000 to $124,999 154,515 102,955 51,560
$125,000 and over 180,360 135,420 44,940
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data23 4,200,500 2,048,300 2,152,200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 3,960,225 1,926,690 2,033,535
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($) 38,400 46,000 32,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 3,968,465 1,928,380 2,040,085
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($) 34,800 40,800 30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 3,614,710 1,784,370 1,830,340
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($) 36,400 44,800 29,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 2,972,225 1,505,485 1,466,740
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($) 36,800 45,200 30,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 2,715,540 1,173,320 1,542,220
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($) 5,880 4,520 6,450
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data 258,710 115,865 142,845
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($) 5,480 5,120 5,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data24 4,200,425 2,048,395 2,152,030
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 3,959,300 1,926,475 2,032,835
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($) 52,300 62,250 42,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 3,967,440 1,928,070 2,039,370
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($) 43,400 50,520 36,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 3,612,845 1,783,870 1,828,980
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($) 51,080 61,850 40,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 2,971,405 1,506,375 1,465,035
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($) 49,120 58,700 39,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 2,711,365 1,168,975 1,542,390
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($) 8,330 8,200 8,430
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 258,380 115,595 142,790
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($) 7,140 6,310 7,810
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data25 4,200,420 2,048,395 2,152,030
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data13 1,288,260 729,135 559,120
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)14 60,400 68,000 52,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)15 72,800 82,200 60,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data16 1,128,665 516,540 612,120
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) 25,200 29,400 22,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) 36,280 43,320 30,320
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data 100.0 100.0 100.0
Market income (%) 89.0 92.0 85.0
Employment income (%) 70.4 73.8 66.0
Government transfers (%) 10.9 8.0 14.9
Employment insurance benefits (%) 0.9 0.6 1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data26 2,041,835 ... ...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($) 85,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($) 76,000 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data 600,705 ... ...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($) 43,200 ... ...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($) 39,200 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data 1,441,130 ... ...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) 108,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) 95,000 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data27 2,041,835 ... ...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($) 108,600 ... ...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($) 91,100 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data 600,425 ... ...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($) 55,600 ... ...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($) 46,680 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data 1,441,410 ... ...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) 130,800 ... ...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) 109,600 ... ...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data21 2,041,835 ... ...
Under $5,000 30,080 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 13,160 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 19,290 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 41,735 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 82,340 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 63,830 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 64,895 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 75,105 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 73,975 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 73,180 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 144,895 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 139,140 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 131,840 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 122,530 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 112,775 ... ...
$100,000 and over 853,065 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 235,680 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 178,970 ... ...
$150,000 to $199,999 221,175 ... ...
$200,000 and over 217,240 ... ...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data22 2,041,835 ... ...
Under $5,000 34,265 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 13,550 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 19,930 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 43,390 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 86,585 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 72,515 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 74,810 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 85,940 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 85,575 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 85,000 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 168,315 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 160,070 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 149,385 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 136,615 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 121,890 ... ...
$100,000 and over 704,010 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 243,560 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 167,850 ... ...
$150,000 and over 292,600 ... ...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data28 1,364,485 ... ...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($) 107,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($) 95,000 ... ...
Average family size of economic families 3.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data 562,590 ... ...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) 93,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) 83,000 ... ...
Average family size of couple-only economic families 2.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data 561,965 ... ...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) 138,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) 120,000 ... ...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families 4.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data 188,585 ... ...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) 70,500 ... ...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) 65,000 ... ...
Average family size of one-parent economic families 2.6 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data29 878,130 426,275 451,855
Median total income in 2020 ($)30 39,200 40,800 37,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)30 36,000 37,200 34,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data31 1,363,860 ... ...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($) 130,400 ... ...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($) 108,900 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data 561,775 ... ...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) 115,100 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) 96,000 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data 563,000 ... ...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) 161,800 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) 133,800 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data 186,930 ... ...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) 83,400 ... ...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) 73,100 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data32 875,470 423,270 452,200
Average total income in 2020 ($)30 50,240 53,050 47,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)30 42,720 44,400 41,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data33 4,915,940 2,416,800 2,499,140
0 to 17 years 866,210 446,475 419,740
0 to 5 years 264,100 135,340 128,760
18 to 64 years 3,085,015 1,515,740 1,569,280
65 years and over 964,710 454,590 510,120
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) 528,870 246,885 281,980
0 to 17 years 98,830 51,230 47,600
0 to 5 years 29,460 15,150 14,310
18 to 64 years 297,960 141,460 156,505
65 years and over 132,075 54,200 77,875
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%) 10.8 10.2 11.3
0 to 17 years (%) 11.4 11.5 11.3
0 to 5 years (%) 11.2 11.2 11.1
18 to 64 years (%) 9.7 9.3 10.0
65 years and over (%) 13.7 11.9 15.3
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data33 4,825,465 2,371,915 2,453,550
0 to 17 years 848,955 437,500 411,455
0 to 5 years 259,060 132,740 126,320
18 to 64 years 3,033,655 1,490,215 1,543,435
65 years and over 942,860 444,195 498,660
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) 279,035 139,265 139,770
0 to 17 years 44,480 23,070 21,410
0 to 5 years 11,690 6,045 5,640
18 to 64 years 201,000 101,455 99,545
65 years and over 33,555 14,740 18,815
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%) 5.8 5.9 5.7
0 to 17 years (%) 5.2 5.3 5.2
0 to 5 years (%) 4.5 4.6 4.5
18 to 64 years (%) 6.6 6.8 6.5
65 years and over (%) 3.6 3.3 3.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data34The letter 'c' in a yellow triangle indicates a correction notice. 4,915,940 2,416,800 2,499,140
In bottom half of the distribution 2,300,730 1,101,130 1,199,605
In bottom decile 516,435 247,990 268,445
In second decile 444,845 206,090 238,750
In third decile 436,965 208,575 228,385
In fourth decile 442,745 214,155 228,590
In fifth decile 459,740 224,315 235,420
In top half of the distribution 2,615,210 1,315,675 1,299,535
In sixth decile 475,780 234,975 240,805
In seventh decile 494,480 246,315 248,165
In eighth decile 518,565 260,640 257,925
In ninth decile 550,860 278,965 271,890
In top decile 575,535 294,785 280,750
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data35 4,915,940 ... ...
Gini index on adjusted household total income 0.346 ... ...
Gini index on adjusted household market income 0.449 ... ...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income 0.306 ... ...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income 4.0 ... ...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data36 4,951,660 2,434,585 2,517,075
English only 4,461,290 2,220,225 2,241,070
French only 1,785 810 970
English and French 326,865 146,310 180,565
Neither English nor French 161,720 67,240 94,475
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data37 4,951,660 2,434,585 2,517,075
English 4,718,195 2,332,370 2,385,825
French 56,495 28,130 28,370
English and French 18,145 8,260 9,885
Neither English nor French 158,820 65,825 92,995
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data38 4,951,660 2,434,585 2,517,075
Single responses 4,761,600 2,343,570 2,418,030
Official languages 3,382,455 1,699,060 1,683,395
English 3,325,035 1,670,420 1,654,615
French 57,420 28,645 28,780
Non-official languages 1,379,145 644,515 734,630
Indigenous languages39 5,490 2,600 2,890
Algonquian languages 820 390 430
Blackfoot 30 15 15
Cree-Innu languages 630 310 320
Atikamekw 0 0 0
Cree languages 620 305 320
Ililimowin (Moose Cree) 0 0 0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) 0 0 0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) 15 5 10
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) 50 20 25
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) 170 75 95
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) 85 55 30
Cree, n.o.s. 305 150 155
Innu (Montagnais) 0 0 0
Naskapi 0 0 0
Eastern Algonquian languages 15 10 5
Mi'kmaq 10 10 5
Wolastoqewi (Malecite) 5 0 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 155 65 90
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) 0 5 0
Oji-Cree 15 5 5
Ojibway languages 135 55 85
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) 10 5 5
Daawaamwin (Odawa) 0 0 0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway) 30 5 25
Ojibway, n.o.s. 100 45 55
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 1,560 710 850
Northern Athabaskan languages 1,545 705 840
Dakelh (Carrier) 615 280 335
Dane-zaa (Beaver) 90 40 50
Dene, n.o.s. 70 40 30
Gwich'in 5 0 5
Slavey-Hare languages 60 25 35
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) 20 5 10
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 40 20 20
Tahltan languages 85 45 40
Kaska (Nahani) 5 5 0
Tahltan 80 40 40
Tlicho (Dogrib) 10 5 0
Tse'khene (Sekani) 35 5 30
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) 460 210 250
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 5 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 5 0 5
Tutchone, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine 110 55 60
Tlingit 10 5 10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 5 0 5
Haida 40 20 25
Inuktut (Inuit) languages 50 15 35
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 5 0 5
Inuinnaqtun 5 0 0
Inuvialuktun 0 0 0
Inuktitut 35 10 25
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. 5 0 5
Iroquoian languages 10 5 5
Cayuga 0 0 0
Mohawk 5 5 5
Oneida 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 5 0 0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai) 30 15 15
Michif 25 10 15
Salish languages 1,080 510 565
Halkomelem 180 90 95
Lillooet 100 45 50
Ntlakapamux (Thompson) 180 95 80
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) 265 120 140
Squamish 25 10 15
Straits 95 40 45
Syilx (Okanagan) 185 80 105
Salish languages, n.i.e. 55 25 30
Siouan languages 10 5 5
Assiniboine 5 0 0
Dakota 5 0 5
Stoney 5 5 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 1,005 505 505
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 575 295 275
Nisga'a 320 155 165
Tsimshian 115 60 60
Wakashan languages 760 380 385
Haisla 80 30 50
Heiltsuk 295 180 115
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) 150 70 80
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 215 90 125
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 20 5 10
Indigenous languages, n.i.e. 25 15 10
Indigenous languages, n.o.s. 70 25 40
Non-Indigenous languages 1,373,655 641,910 731,745
Afro-Asiatic languages 33,195 17,710 15,485
Berber languages 110 70 40
Kabyle 70 45 30
Tamazight 25 15 10
Berber languages, n.i.e. 10 10 5
Chadic languages 50 35 15
Hausa 40 25 15
Mina 10 10 5
Coptic 10 5 5
Cushitic languages 2,005 1,025 980
Bilen 30 15 15
Oromo 310 165 140
Somali 1,590 805 785
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 75 40 35
Semitic languages 31,020 16,575 14,450
Amharic 1,620 790 835
Arabic 22,970 12,330 10,640
Aramaic languages 1,505 770 735
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 580 295 280
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 800 405 390
Aramaic, n.o.s. 125 65 60
Harari 15 10 15
Hebrew 2,260 1,275 980
Maltese 170 85 90
Tigrigna 2,455 1,310 1,150
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 15 10 10
Austro-Asiatic languages 34,145 15,270 18,875
Khmer (Cambodian) 1,530 670 865
Vietnamese 32,560 14,580 17,985
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 50 25 30
Austronesian languages 104,100 42,685 61,415
Bikol 425 180 240
Bisaya, n.o.s. 1,375 550 825
Cebuano 3,585 1,405 2,175
Fijian 345 180 170
Hiligaynon 1,895 755 1,140
Ilocano 6,325 2,650 3,675
Indonesian 4,080 1,730 2,345
Kankanaey 200 85 120
Kinaray-a 125 45 80
Malagasy languages 35 15 20
Merina 0 0 0
Malagasy, n.o.s. 30 15 20
Malay 365 180 185
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 870 400 470
Pangasinan 395 165 230
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 82,835 33,800 49,045
Waray-Waray 300 125 175
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 945 425 525
Creole languages 925 465 460
Haitian Creole 115 60 50
Jamaican English Creole 40 25 15
Krio 35 20 15
Morisyen 375 170 205
Sango 0 0 0
Creole, n.o.s. 180 100 80
Creole languages, n.i.e. 170 85 90
Dravidian languages 13,260 7,225 6,035
Kannada 565 290 270
Malayalam 4,740 2,590 2,155
Tamil 5,055 2,645 2,405
Telugu 2,810 1,650 1,160
Tulu 70 40 30
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 25 10 15
Georgian 160 95 70
Hmong-Mien languages 85 40 45
Indo-European languages 657,345 321,395 335,955
Albanian 1,645 850 795
Armenian 1,350 650 695
Balto-Slavic languages 81,655 37,525 44,135
Baltic languages 1,065 475 595
Latvian 545 250 290
Lithuanian 525 220 300
Slavic languages 80,590 37,050 43,540
Belarusian 70 30 40
Bulgarian 2,025 960 1,065
Czech 5,855 2,770 3,090
Macedonian 330 170 165
Polish 15,810 7,190 8,625
Russian 28,660 12,825 15,835
Rusyn 25 5 15
Serbo-Croatian 16,425 8,055 8,365
Bosnian 1,655 805 855
Croatian 6,805 3,255 3,545
Serbian 7,665 3,855 3,815
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. 300 145 155
Slovak 3,275 1,475 1,805
Slovene (Slovenian) 950 430 520
Ukrainian 7,120 3,120 4,000
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 40 25 20
Celtic languages 415 225 190
Irish 110 60 40
Scottish Gaelic 80 40 35
Welsh 200 100 100
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 30 20 10
Germanic languages 84,375 39,695 44,675
Frisian 200 95 105
High German languages 53,255 24,820 28,435
German 50,695 23,575 27,125
Pennsylvania German 15 10 5
Swiss German 2,330 1,130 1,205
Yiddish 215 110 105
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages 23,295 11,250 12,040
Afrikaans 3,700 1,830 1,870
Dutch 17,345 8,325 9,020
Low German, n.o.s. 235 100 130
Low Saxon 110 60 50
Plautdietsch 1,580 775 810
Vlaams (Flemish) 320 165 155
Scandinavian languages 7,530 3,465 4,060
Danish 3,625 1,700 1,925
Icelandic 215 100 115
Norwegian 1,520 720 795
Swedish 2,175 940 1,230
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 95 60 35
Greek 5,545 2,925 2,625
Indo-Iranian languages 368,635 184,325 184,310
Indo-Aryan languages 306,465 153,205 153,260
Assamese 75 40 35
Bengali 4,765 2,640 2,125
Gujarati 8,250 4,130 4,120
Hindi 32,390 16,270 16,120
Kacchi 1,195 510 680
Kashmiri 80 50 30
Konkani 280 145 135
Marathi 1,605 840 770
Nepali 1,725 900 825
Oriya languages 110 55 55
Odia 65 40 30
Oriya, n.o.s. 45 20 20
Punjabi (Panjabi) 240,865 119,945 120,915
Rohingya 65 35 30
Sindhi 285 155 125
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 1,935 960 970
Urdu 12,210 6,195 6,015
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. 625 325 305
Iranian languages 62,135 31,100 31,030
Baluchi 65 35 35
Kurdish 2,775 1,510 1,265
Parsi 155 85 70
Pashto 1,365 760 600
Persian languages 57,700 28,670 29,030
Dari 6,005 2,965 3,045
Iranian Persian 46,395 23,045 23,355
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. 5,295 2,665 2,630
Iranian languages, n.i.e. 75 45 30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 40 20 20
Italic (Romance) languages 113,685 55,180 58,505
Catalan 200 115 90
Italian 19,805 10,000 9,800
Portuguese 24,320 11,490 12,840
Romanian 8,775 4,250 4,525
Spanish 60,465 29,260 31,205
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 120 65 55
Indo-European languages, n.i.e. 35 20 15
Japanese 22,030 7,135 14,895
Korean 59,935 26,815 33,125
Mongolian 435 185 250
Niger-Congo languages 4,910 2,455 2,455
Akan (Twi) 545 300 240
Bamanankan 15 10 5
Edo 75 35 35
Éwé 110 60 50
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 40 20 20
Ga 50 25 25
Ganda 160 75 90
Gikuyu 70 30 35
Igbo 290 150 140
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 295 145 145
Lingala 90 50 40
Luba-Kasai 10 5 10
Mòoré 0 0 0
Mwani 30 15 10
Ndebele 50 20 30
Rundi (Kirundi) 225 100 120
Shona 355 170 185
Soninke 5 0 0
Sotho-Tswana languages 65 25 35
Swahili 1,090 520 570
Wojenaka 10 5 5
Wolof 50 25 25
Yoruba 555 305 250
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 735 360 375
Nilo-Saharan languages 420 215 200
Dinka 105 50 50
Nuer 50 25 25
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 220 120 105
African, n.o.s. 45 20 25
Sign languages 1,000 560 440
American Sign Language 895 500 390
Quebec Sign Language 5 5 0
Sign languages, n.i.e. 105 55 50
Sino-Tibetan languages 419,855 189,740 230,115
Chinese languages 417,290 188,495 228,795
Hakka 2,080 895 1,185
Mandarin 205,205 91,455 113,750
Min Dong 185 90 95
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 11,780 5,240 6,540
Wu (Shanghainese) 3,200 1,405 1,795
Yue (Cantonese) 192,140 88,195 103,945
Chinese, n.o.s. 2,560 1,155 1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 135 60 80
Tibeto-Burman languages 2,485 1,205 1,280
Burmese 1,015 485 535
Kuki-Chin languages 210 90 120
Karenic languages 725 345 380
S'gaw Karen 645 305 335
Karenic languages, n.i.e. 85 40 40
Tibetan 395 215 185
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 140 75 65
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. 75 40 35
Tai-Kadai languages 4,395 1,380 3,015
Lao 1,100 525 580
Thai 3,170 800 2,365
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 120 50 70
Turkic languages 6,055 3,325 2,730
Azerbaijani 625 345 280
Kazakh 115 40 75
Turkish 4,765 2,685 2,080
Uyghur 240 120 120
Uzbek 150 70 80
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 165 65 95
Uralic languages 11,275 5,160 6,115
Estonian 575 235 340
Finnish 3,005 1,240 1,760
Hungarian 7,700 3,685 4,015
Other languages, n.i.e. 130 70 60
Multiple responses 190,055 91,010 99,040
English and French 17,320 8,415 8,905
English and non-official language(s) 150,730 72,755 77,980
French and non-official language(s) 2,395 1,135 1,260
English, French and non-official language(s) 2,960 1,335 1,630
Multiple non-official languages 16,645 7,375 9,270
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data40 4,951,660 2,434,585 2,517,075
English 3,491,395 1,745,260 1,746,140
French 11,050 5,420 5,625
Non-official language 464,235 216,230 248,005
Indigenous39 645 320 325
Non-Indigenous 463,590 215,910 247,685
English and French 42,645 19,975 22,670
English and non-official language(s) 880,090 419,520 460,570
French and non-official language(s) 1,065 480 585
English, French and non-official language(s) 21,610 9,790 11,820
Multiple non-official languages 39,565 17,910 21,660
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data41 4,951,660 2,434,585 2,517,075
Single responses 4,753,615 2,340,025 2,413,590
Official languages 3,906,070 1,939,330 1,966,740
English 3,888,825 1,930,925 1,957,900
French 17,245 8,400 8,845
Non-official languages 847,550 400,695 446,850
Indigenous languages39 1,215 595 615
Algonquian languages 130 55 70
Blackfoot 10 10 5
Cree-Innu languages 110 50 60
Atikamekw 0 0 0
Cree languages 100 45 60
Ililimowin (Moose Cree) 0 0 0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) 0 0 0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) 0 0 0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) 10 0 5
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) 20 5 15
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) 5 0 5
Cree, n.o.s. 70 30 35
Innu (Montagnais) 0 0 0
Naskapi 0 0 0
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite) 0 0 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 10 0 10
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) 0 0 0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0
Ojibway languages 5 0 5
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) 5 0 5
Daawaamwin (Odawa) 0 0 0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway) 0 0 0
Ojibway, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 465 235 230
Northern Athabaskan languages 460 230 230
Dakelh (Carrier) 215 95 120
Dane-zaa (Beaver) 20 10 5
Dene, n.o.s. 20 10 5
Gwich'in 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 15 10 0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) 5 5 0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 5 0 0
Tahltan languages 5 5 5
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0
Tahltan 5 5 5
Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0
Tse'khene (Sekani) 0 0 0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) 165 85 75
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0
Tutchone, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine 30 15 10
Tlingit 5 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 5 0 0
Haida 10 0 5
Inuktut (Inuit) languages 10 5 5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0
Inuinnaqtun 0 0 0
Inuvialuktun 0 0 0
Inuktitut 10 5 5
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages 15 10 5
Cayuga 0 0 0
Mohawk 10 5 5
Oneida 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 5 5 0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai) 5 5 0
Michif 10 0 5
Salish languages 250 120 125
Halkomelem 45 20 25
Lillooet 40 15 20
Ntlakapamux (Thompson) 30 20 10
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) 80 40 40
Squamish 5 0 5
Straits 30 15 10
Syilx (Okanagan) 15 5 10
Salish languages, n.i.e. 5 5 0
Siouan languages 15 10 5
Assiniboine 0 0 0
Dakota 0 0 0
Stoney 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 210 115 100
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 120 65 55
Nisga'a 80 40 40
Tsimshian 10 5 5
Wakashan languages 65 20 40
Haisla 10 5 5
Heiltsuk 5 5 5
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) 20 5 15
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 30 10 15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 5 0 5
Indigenous languages, n.i.e. 5 5 0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s. 30 15 15
Non-Indigenous languages 846,335 400,100 446,235
Afro-Asiatic languages 19,805 10,000 9,805
Berber languages 40 20 20
Kabyle 30 10 15
Tamazight 5 5 0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 5 5 5
Chadic languages 10 5 5
Hausa 5 0 5
Mina 5 5 0
Coptic 0 0 0
Cushitic languages 1,150 570 585
Bilen 25 15 10
Oromo 155 80 75
Somali 930 455 475
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 45 20 25
Semitic languages 18,605 9,405 9,195
Amharic 765 345 415
Arabic 13,845 6,995 6,850
Aramaic languages 1,110 545 575
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 390 195 195
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 600 290 310
Aramaic, n.o.s. 120 55 65
Harari 20 5 15
Hebrew 1,030 535 500
Maltese 5 0 5
Tigrigna 1,810 975 840
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 10 5 5
Austro-Asiatic languages 21,705 9,915 11,790
Khmer (Cambodian) 780 360 425
Vietnamese 20,890 9,535 11,350
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 40 20 15
Austronesian languages 54,720 24,615 30,105
Bikol 130 65 60
Bisaya, n.o.s. 585 260 325
Cebuano 1,735 780 950
Fijian 110 60 50
Hiligaynon 865 390 480
Ilocano 3,280 1,480 1,795
Indonesian 1,375 675 700
Kankanaey 105 45 60
Kinaray-a 55 20 30
Malagasy languages 15 10 10
Merina 0 0 0
Malagasy, n.o.s. 15 10 10
Malay 55 30 25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 425 195 225
Pangasinan 130 55 75
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 45,380 20,305 25,080
Waray-Waray 115 65 50
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 355 175 180
Creole languages 430 200 230
Haitian Creole 25 15 15
Jamaican English Creole 25 15 10
Krio 20 5 10
Morisyen 230 110 115
Sango 0 0 0
Creole, n.o.s. 75 35 40
Creole languages, n.i.e. 60 20 35
Dravidian languages 8,005 4,180 3,825
Kannada 240 125 105
Malayalam 2,890 1,545 1,345
Tamil 3,185 1,585 1,595
Telugu 1,645 895 750
Tulu 25 15 15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 25 10 15
Georgian 100 60 40
Hmong-Mien languages 35 15 20
Indo-European languages 364,340 179,590 184,745
Albanian 690 345 345
Armenian 675 315 355
Balto-Slavic languages 33,875 16,185 17,690
Baltic languages 225 115 105
Latvian 90 45 45
Lithuanian 135 70 65
Slavic languages 33,650 16,070 17,580
Belarusian 15 5 5
Bulgarian 900 430 465
Czech 1,760 875 890
Macedonian 125 65 60
Polish 5,250 2,470 2,785
Russian 16,090 7,655 8,435
Rusyn 10 5 0
Serbo-Croatian 6,745 3,270 3,480
Bosnian 720 345 380
Croatian 1,940 885 1,050
Serbian 4,010 1,990 2,015
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. 75 40 35
Slovak 1,040 510 535
Slovene (Slovenian) 85 35 50
Ukrainian 1,630 755 870
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 5 5 0
Celtic languages 45 30 15
Irish 20 15 5
Scottish Gaelic 5 0 5
Welsh 20 15 5
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 5 0
Germanic languages 12,280 5,870 6,410
Frisian 10 5 5
High German languages 7,805 3,690 4,115
German 7,320 3,455 3,865
Pennsylvania German 5 0 0
Swiss German 480 230 245
Yiddish 5 0 0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages 3,785 1,850 1,930
Afrikaans 1,725 850 870
Dutch 1,485 720 770
Low German, n.o.s. 60 30 35
Low Saxon 45 25 20
Plautdietsch 440 215 230
Vlaams (Flemish) 30 20 15
Scandinavian languages 670 320 350
Danish 220 105 115
Icelandic 50 25 25
Norwegian 95 40 55
Swedish 305 145 160
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 5 5 5
Greek 1,915 900 1,015
Indo-Iranian languages 263,030 130,695 132,330
Indo-Aryan languages 220,735 110,140 110,605
Assamese 20 15 10
Bengali 2,720 1,410 1,305
Gujarati 4,160 2,050 2,115
Hindi 17,670 8,855 8,815
Kacchi 455 185 275
Kashmiri 30 15 10
Konkani 45 20 25
Marathi 780 400 380
Nepali 1,120 570 555
Oriya languages 40 20 20
Odia 25 15 15
Oriya, n.o.s. 10 5 5
Punjabi (Panjabi) 184,065 91,825 92,240
Rohingya 60 30 25
Sindhi 130 60 70
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 940 445 495
Urdu 8,235 4,095 4,135
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. 265 145 125
Iranian languages 42,285 20,560 21,725
Baluchi 40 20 20
Kurdish 1,765 900 865
Parsi 75 35 40
Pashto 900 490 410
Persian languages 39,475 19,095 20,375
Dari 3,690 1,785 1,900
Iranian Persian 32,375 15,665 16,710
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. 3,405 1,640 1,765
Iranian languages, n.i.e. 35 25 15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 5 0 5
Italic (Romance) languages 51,830 25,240 26,590
Catalan 80 40 35
Italian 4,475 1,930 2,545
Portuguese 12,670 6,055 6,615
Romanian 3,620 1,740 1,885
Spanish 30,960 15,455 15,500
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 35 15 20
Indo-European languages, n.i.e. 5 0 0
Japanese 10,220 4,190 6,035
Korean 45,525 20,925 24,600
Mongolian 220 115 105
Niger-Congo languages 1,485 705 780
Akan (Twi) 165 85 80
Bamanankan 5 5 0
Edo 10 5 5
Éwé 45 20 20
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 15 10 10
Ga 15 10 5
Ganda 30 20 10
Gikuyu 10 5 10
Igbo 85 40 45
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 105 50 55
Lingala 25 10 10
Luba-Kasai 0 0 0
Mòoré 0 0 0
Mwani 0 0 0
Ndebele 10 5 5
Rundi (Kirundi) 130 60 75
Shona 65 35 35
Soninke 0 0 0
Sotho-Tswana languages 5 5 0
Swahili 375 175 205
Wojenaka 0 0 0
Wolof 15 10 5
Yoruba 160 80 80
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 210 105 110
Nilo-Saharan languages 155 75 80
Dinka 30 15 10
Nuer 20 10 5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 90 40 50
African, n.o.s. 20 10 15
Sign languages 1,720 970 745
American Sign Language 1,390 790 605
Quebec Sign Language 5 5 0
Sign languages, n.i.e. 325 180 140
Sino-Tibetan languages 310,860 141,235 169,630
Chinese languages 309,165 140,385 168,780
Hakka 605 270 335
Mandarin 162,130 73,835 88,295
Min Dong 95 45 50
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 6,285 2,850 3,440
Wu (Shanghainese) 2,010 930 1,080
Yue (Cantonese) 136,525 61,785 74,745
Chinese, n.o.s. 1,455 650 805
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 60 25 35
Tibeto-Burman languages 1,665 830 835
Burmese 670 325 345
Kuki-Chin languages 170 85 85
Karenic languages 530 270 260
S'gaw Karen 475 240 240
Karenic languages, n.i.e. 50 30 20
Tibetan 240 130 110
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 60 25 30
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. 35 20 20
Tai-Kadai languages 1,570 655 915
Lao 500 235 265
Thai 1,010 390 620
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 60 25 30
Turkic languages 3,030 1,540 1,490
Azerbaijani 295 140 155
Kazakh 15 5 10
Turkish 2,500 1,290 1,205
Uyghur 125 60 60
Uzbek 65 30 35
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 40 15 25
Uralic languages 2,375 1,100 1,280
Estonian 65 30 35
Finnish 500 210 290
Hungarian 1,815 855 955
Other languages, n.i.e. 20 15 15
Multiple responses 198,040 94,560 103,480
English and French 7,210 3,415 3,800
English and non-official language(s) 183,010 87,560 95,445
French and non-official language(s) 535 245 295
English, French and non-official language(s) 1,525 735 785
Multiple non-official languages 5,760 2,605 3,160
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data42 4,951,660 2,434,585 2,517,075
None 4,130,200 2,045,235 2,084,970
English 304,845 147,605 157,245
French 34,575 15,995 18,575
Non-official language 379,250 176,935 202,310
Indigenous39 5,140 2,360 2,785
Non-Indigenous 374,105 174,580 199,525
English and French 2,740 1,245 1,490
English and non-official language(s) 46,940 22,760 24,175
French and non-official language(s) 11,880 5,335 6,550
English, French and non-official language(s) 655 300 360
Multiple non-official languages 40,580 19,180 21,395
Knowledge of languagesThe letter 'c' in a yellow triangle indicates a correction notice.
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data43 4,915,940 2,416,885 2,499,055
Official languages 4,754,865 2,350,105 2,404,760
English 4,753,275 2,349,445 2,403,835
French 327,350 145,985 181,370
Non-official languages 1,780,325 838,795 941,525
Indigenous languages39 16,560 7,740 8,820
Algonquian languages 1,985 885 1,100
Blackfoot 60 20 45
Cree-Innu languages 1,450 675 775
Atikamekw 15 15 10
Cree languages 1,425 660 770
Ililimowin (Moose Cree) 0 0 0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) 0 0 0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) 10 10 0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) 95 25 70
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) 435 195 245
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) 160 80 80
Cree, n.o.s. 745 360 385
Innu (Montagnais) 10 10 0
Naskapi 0 0 0
Eastern Algonquian languages 65 20 40
Mi'kmaq 60 15 40
Wolastoqewi (Malecite) 10 10 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 440 175 260
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) 20 15 0
Oji-Cree 25 10 15
Ojibway languages 400 160 240
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) 80 30 45
Daawaamwin (Odawa) 0 0 0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway) 50 10 40
Ojibway, n.o.s. 275 115 160
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 10 10 0
Athabaskan languages 3,540 1,580 1,955
Northern Athabaskan languages 3,490 1,570 1,920
Dakelh (Carrier) 1,530 675 855
Dane-zaa (Beaver) 205 100 105
Dene, n.o.s. 205 95 110
Gwich'in 15 10 10
Slavey-Hare languages 85 30 50
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) 25 10 15
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) 10 0 10
Slavey, n.o.s. 55 25 30
Tahltan languages 235 125 105
Kaska (Nahani) 20 10 10
Tahltan 220 125 95
Tlicho (Dogrib) 15 10 0
Tse'khene (Sekani) 135 40 95
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) 855 395 465
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 25 10 15
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0
Tutchone, n.o.s. 15 0 10
Wetsuwet'en-Babine 245 120 130
Tlingit 35 15 15
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 20 0 20
Haida 225 80 145
Inuktut (Inuit) languages 205 100 100
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 35 20 15
Inuinnaqtun 30 15 15
Inuvialuktun 0 0 0
Inuktitut 175 90 90
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. 10 0 0
Iroquoian languages 100 60 40
Cayuga 0 0 0
Mohawk 90 45 35
Oneida 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai) 190 90 105
Michif 240 100 140
Salish languages 5,145 2,450 2,695
Halkomelem 1,400 665 735
Lillooet 590 285 305
Ntlakapamux (Thompson) 465 270 200
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) 1,060 475 580
Squamish 345 165 175
Straits 315 130 180
Syilx (Okanagan) 690 315 375
Salish languages, n.i.e. 325 155 170
Siouan languages 100 60 35
Assiniboine 15 10 10
Dakota 30 20 10
Stoney 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 50 35 20
Tsimshian languages 2,610 1,310 1,295
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 1,120 545 575
Nisga'a 1,080 585 500
Tsimshian 455 205 250
Wakashan languages 2,145 965 1,180
Haisla 285 145 140
Heiltsuk 330 160 170
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) 790 335 460
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 685 300 390
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 45 20 25
Indigenous languages, n.i.e. 355 165 185
Indigenous languages, n.o.s. 285 140 145
Non-Indigenous languages 1,764,475 831,400 933,075
Afro-Asiatic languages 50,895 27,105 23,785
Berber languages 235 140 95
Kabyle 140 90 45
Tamazight 65 30 35
Berber languages, n.i.e. 35 20 15
Chadic languages 315 155 160
Hausa 285 135 150
Mina 25 20 10
Coptic 60 40 25
Cushitic languages 2,745 1,470 1,275
Bilen 30 15 20
Oromo 500 280 220
Somali 2,215 1,180 1,030
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 50 30 15
Semitic languages 48,405 25,830 22,570
Amharic 3,100 1,605 1,495
Arabic 35,595 19,250 16,355
Aramaic languages 2,270 1,165 1,100
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 895 495 400
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 1,050 510 535
Aramaic, n.o.s. 380 190 190
Harari 20 0 20
Hebrew 6,995 3,570 3,430
Maltese 270 130 150
Tigrigna 3,435 1,890 1,550
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 60 35 25
Austro-Asiatic languages 44,030 19,965 24,070
Khmer (Cambodian) 2,210 1,020 1,190
Vietnamese 41,975 19,020 22,950
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 65 30 40
Austronesian languages 148,455 61,285 87,165
Bikol 810 370 445
Bisaya, n.o.s. 1,655 655 1,005
Cebuano 5,995 2,485 3,510
Fijian 1,020 500 525
Hiligaynon 3,135 1,215 1,920
Ilocano 11,285 4,555 6,725
Indonesian 6,810 3,175 3,640
Kankanaey 330 115 215
Kinaray-a 200 70 130
Malagasy languages 100 45 60
Merina 20 10 10
Malagasy, n.o.s. 85 35 50
Malay 3,485 1,665 1,820
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 1,550 675 875
Pangasinan 925 375 550
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 133,780 54,495 79,285
Waray-Waray 865 360 505
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 3,590 1,580 2,005
Creole languages 3,230 1,610 1,615
Haitian Creole 470 225 245
Jamaican English Creole 265 115 155
Krio 160 65 90
Morisyen 1,070 520 550
Sango 15 10 10
Creole, n.o.s. 835 450 385
Creole languages, n.i.e. 555 280 275
Dravidian languages 20,585 11,060 9,530
Kannada 1,615 885 735
Malayalam 6,765 3,705 3,060
Tamil 9,740 5,125 4,610
Telugu 4,860 2,760 2,095
Tulu 205 110 95
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 45 25 30
Georgian 240 140 95
Hmong-Mien languages 160 85 80
Indo-European languages 906,560 443,600 462,960
Albanian 2,195 1,045 1,155
Armenian 1,600 765 830
Balto-Slavic languages 101,395 47,765 53,630
Baltic languages 1,480 695 790
Latvian 730 330 400
Lithuanian 750 365 390
Slavic languages 100,340 47,265 53,075
Belarusian 330 140 190
Bulgarian 2,475 1,190 1,285
Czech 7,935 3,815 4,115
Macedonian 505 260 245
Polish 19,640 9,130 10,510
Russian 42,390 19,800 22,590
Rusyn 45 15 25
Serbo-Croatian 21,625 10,790 10,835
Bosnian 3,150 1,540 1,605
Croatian 11,060 5,345 5,715
Serbian 11,070 5,640 5,425
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. 480 255 225
Slovak 4,315 1,945 2,370
Slovene (Slovenian) 1,280 585 695
Ukrainian 12,205 5,430 6,775
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 70 35 35
Celtic languages 2,675 1,430 1,245
Irish 1,665 920 745
Scottish Gaelic 260 130 125
Welsh 610 290 320
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 160 100 55
Germanic languages 128,605 60,765 67,835
Frisian 375 210 165
High German languages 86,275 41,190 45,085
German 84,325 40,275 44,050
Pennsylvania German 25 15 15
Swiss German 3,030 1,415 1,620
Yiddish 480 225 255
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages 34,480 16,520 17,965
Afrikaans 9,755 5,050 4,705
Dutch 22,380 10,375 12,005
Low German, n.o.s. 345 175 170
Low Saxon 55 25 30
Plautdietsch 2,180 1,055 1,130
Vlaams (Flemish) 405 200 205
Scandinavian languages 12,425 5,520 6,910
Danish 4,950 2,235 2,720
Icelandic 330 130 200
Norwegian 3,125 1,420 1,710
Swedish 4,730 2,125 2,610
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 210 135 75
Greek 9,005 4,630 4,375
Indo-Iranian languages 477,485 240,310 237,175
Indo-Aryan languages 406,375 204,750 201,625
Assamese 100 55 45
Bengali 6,565 3,480 3,080
Gujarati 14,340 7,060 7,280
Hindi 134,950 67,645 67,300
Kacchi 2,925 1,295 1,630
Kashmiri 185 95 90
Konkani 775 400 370
Marathi 3,555 1,910 1,645
Nepali 2,445 1,270 1,180
Oriya languages 180 90 90
Odia 95 45 45
Oriya, n.o.s. 85 35 50
Punjabi (Panjabi) 315,000 158,625 156,375
Rohingya 55 35 20
Sindhi 645 350 295
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 3,440 1,630 1,810
Urdu 25,780 13,590 12,190
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. 1,645 855 785
Iranian languages 73,745 37,010 36,730
Baluchi 155 85 70
Kurdish 3,875 2,110 1,760
Parsi 290 115 175
Pashto 2,645 1,545 1,105
Persian languages 68,960 34,500 34,460
Dari 8,235 4,005 4,230
Iranian Persian 55,745 27,930 27,815
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. 5,780 2,995 2,785
Iranian languages, n.i.e. 200 135 65
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 210 135 75
Italic (Romance) languages 211,725 100,750 110,975
Catalan 565 270 290
Italian 36,370 17,200 19,170
Portuguese 33,005 16,050 16,955
Romanian 11,210 5,470 5,745
Spanish 143,900 68,245 75,660
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 655 380 275
Indo-European languages, n.i.e. 320 135 185
Japanese 41,835 17,590 24,240
Korean 69,935 31,335 38,600
Mongolian 565 250 315
Niger-Congo languages 13,290 6,795 6,495
Akan (Twi) 1,365 695 670
Bamanankan 65 40 25
Edo 175 85 90
Éwé 290 155 135
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 85 30 50
Ga 215 125 90
Ganda 415 205 215
Gikuyu 130 35 100
Igbo 980 485 490
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 605 280 325
Lingala 475 260 225
Luba-Kasai 60 30 30
Mòoré 15 10 0
Mwani 10 10 0
Ndebele 190 90 105
Rundi (Kirundi) 335 130 205
Shona 725 345 380
Soninke 0 0 0
Sotho-Tswana languages 105 60 40
Swahili 5,205 2,735 2,475
Wojenaka 25 10 10
Wolof 165 95 70
Yoruba 1,815 935 880
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 2,275 1,215 1,060
Nilo-Saharan languages 670 315 350
Dinka 115 55 60
Nuer 60 30 35
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 490 235 265
African, n.o.s. 130 75 55
Sign languages 7,965 3,150 4,815
American Sign Language 7,020 2,700 4,320
Quebec Sign Language 15 0 15
Sign languages, n.i.e. 1,105 515 595
Sino-Tibetan languages 491,660 225,430 266,230
Chinese languages 488,465 223,825 264,650
Hakka 3,615 1,645 1,970
Mandarin 312,625 140,985 171,640
Min Dong 215 90 130
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 24,065 10,615 13,450
Wu (Shanghainese) 4,760 2,020 2,740
Yue (Cantonese) 246,045 112,580 133,465
Chinese, n.o.s. 2,215 1,025 1,190
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 255 135 125
Tibeto-Burman languages 3,375 1,710 1,665
Burmese 1,730 870 865
Kuki-Chin languages 295 130 165
Karenic languages 770 375 395
S'gaw Karen 705 340 365
Karenic languages, n.i.e. 85 45 45
Tibetan 590 320 270
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 275 150 125
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. 215 95 120
Tai-Kadai languages 6,725 2,635 4,085
Lao 1,635 735 900
Thai 5,310 1,960 3,350
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 170 85 95
Turkic languages 10,910 5,605 5,305
Azerbaijani 1,665 880 790
Kazakh 230 70 165
Turkish 9,230 4,805 4,425
Uyghur 235 115 125
Uzbek 275 135 135
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 295 125 170
Uralic languages 13,510 6,345 7,165
Estonian 695 310 385
Finnish 3,635 1,675 1,960
Hungarian 9,230 4,395 4,840
Other languages, n.i.e. 585 285 300
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data44 4,915,945 2,416,885 2,499,055
Indigenous identity45 290,210 141,210 148,995
Single Indigenous responses46 279,670 136,400 143,265
First Nations (North American Indian) 180,085 87,860 92,225
Métis 97,860 47,745 50,120
Inuk (Inuit) 1,720 795 925
Multiple Indigenous responses47 5,980 2,730 3,245
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere48 4,560 2,075 2,485
Non-Indigenous identity 4,625,735 2,275,675 2,350,060
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data44 4,915,945 2,416,885 2,499,055
Registered or Treaty Indian49 136,875 66,610 70,265
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 4,779,065 2,350,275 2,428,790
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data50 2,041,835 ... ...
Owner 1,363,190 ... ...
Renter 669,450 ... ...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band 9,190 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data51 2,041,835 ... ...
Condominium 482,755 ... ...
Not condominium 1,559,075 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data52 2,041,835 ... ...
No bedrooms 30,855 ... ...
1 bedroom 354,020 ... ...
2 bedrooms 569,180 ... ...
3 bedrooms 539,910 ... ...
4 or more bedrooms 547,870 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data53 2,041,835 ... ...
1 to 4 rooms 766,380 ... ...
5 rooms 300,895 ... ...
6 rooms 248,045 ... ...
7 rooms 205,105 ... ...
8 or more rooms 521,410 ... ...
Average number of rooms per dwelling 5.8 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data54 2,041,835 ... ...
One person or fewer per room 1,984,655 ... ...
More than one person per room 57,180 ... ...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data55 2,041,835 ... ...
Suitable 1,919,140 ... ...
Not suitable 122,700 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data56 2,041,835 ... ...
1960 or before 256,175 ... ...
1961 to 1980 550,690 ... ...
1981 to 1990 289,940 ... ...
1991 to 2000 336,315 ... ...
2001 to 2005 122,855 ... ...
2006 to 2010 164,165 ... ...
2011 to 2015 135,725 ... ...
2016 to 202157 185,965 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data58 2,041,835 ... ...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed 1,922,640 ... ...
Major repairs needed 119,195 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data59 2,041,835 ... ...
One-maintainer household 1,003,245 ... ...
Two-maintainer household 904,960 ... ...
Three-or-more-maintainer household 133,630 ... ...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data60 2,041,835 ... ...
15 to 24 years 57,980 ... ...
25 to 34 years 282,195 ... ...
35 to 44 years 343,380 ... ...
45 to 54 years 354,340 ... ...
55 to 64 years 407,735 ... ...
65 to 74 years 347,335 ... ...
75 to 84 years 182,155 ... ...
85 years and over 66,710 ... ...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data61 1,988,210 ... ...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs 1,481,365 ... ...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs 506,850 ... ...
30% to less than 100% 434,390 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data62 2,041,830 ... ...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed' 683,985 ... ...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only 451,550 ... ...
Not suitable only 89,300 ... ...
Major repairs needed only 80,200 ... ...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' 23,945 ... ...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed' 29,585 ... ...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed' 7,640 ... ...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed' 1,770 ... ...
Acceptable housing 1,357,845 ... ...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data63 1,915,755 ... ...
In core need 257,090 ... ...
Not in core need 1,658,665 ... ...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 1,330,795 ... ...
% of owner households with a mortgage64 57.5 ... ...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs61 19.3 ... ...
% in core housing need63 8.0 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)65 1,320 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)65 1,668 ... ...
Median value of dwellings ($)66 785,000 ... ...
Average value of dwellings ($)66 983,000 ... ...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 663,870 ... ...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing67 11.0 ... ...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs61 37.8 ... ...
% in core housing need63 24.7 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)65 1,370 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)65 1,494 ... ...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data 9,190 ... ...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs61 11.4 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)65 368 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)65 446 ... ...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data68 4,915,940 2,416,885 2,499,055
Indigenous ancestry (only)69 120,245 59,370 60,880
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)70 118,210 58,475 59,730
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry 100,805 49,745 51,060
Métis single ancestry 16,830 8,485 8,350
Inuit single ancestry 570 245 325
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)71 2,040 890 1,145
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only 1,870 830 1,040
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only 70 40 35
Métis and Inuit ancestry only 60 15 50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only 35 10 20
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries72 191,640 92,300 99,335
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries73 184,975 89,155 95,825
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only 123,735 59,635 64,100
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only 59,905 28,840 31,070
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only 1,330 680 655
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries74 6,665 3,145 3,515
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only 6,390 3,035 3,360
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only 170 60 110
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only 80 50 35
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only 20 10 15
Non-Indigenous ancestry only75 4,604,055 2,265,220 2,338,840
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data76 4,915,940 2,416,885 2,499,055
Canadian citizens77 4,359,045 2,149,325 2,209,725
Canadian citizens aged under 18 812,305 418,815 393,495
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 3,546,745 1,730,505 1,816,235
Not Canadian citizens78 556,895 267,560 289,330
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data79 4,915,940 2,416,885 2,499,055
Non-immigrants80 3,319,230 1,663,815 1,655,410
Immigrants81 1,425,710 665,630 760,085
Before 1980 280,160 133,415 146,745
1980 to 1990 164,445 76,815 87,630
1991 to 2000 299,115 137,275 161,840
2001 to 2010 316,915 145,825 171,090
2011 to 202182 365,075 172,295 192,780
2011 to 2015 167,650 78,200 89,450
2016 to 2021 197,425 94,095 103,325
Non-permanent residents83 171,000 87,440 83,560
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data84 1,425,715 665,630 760,085
Under 5 years 117,555 59,560 57,995
5 to 14 years 226,910 116,660 110,250
15 to 24 years 275,435 124,860 150,575
25 to 44 years 639,200 288,950 350,255
45 years and over 166,605 75,600 91,010
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data85 1,425,715 665,630 760,085
Americas 126,075 58,445 67,635
Brazil 8,765 4,120 4,645
Colombia 5,450 2,440 3,010
El Salvador 5,770 2,990 2,780
Guyana 1,400 585 815
Haiti 490 285 210
Jamaica 4,295 2,190 2,105
Mexico 13,385 5,910 7,480
Peru 3,510 1,535 1,975
Trinidad and Tobago 2,725 1,255 1,470
United States of America 59,920 27,535 32,380
Other places of birth in Americas 20,355 9,600 10,760
Europe 307,495 151,050 156,445
Bosnia and Herzegovina 4,510 2,205 2,305
Croatia 5,390 2,670 2,725
France 7,025 3,650 3,380
Germany 30,910 14,710 16,200
Greece 3,350 1,895 1,460
Hungary 5,115 2,395 2,720
Italy 13,410 6,920 6,490
Netherlands 16,070 7,985 8,085
Poland 14,305 6,610 7,700
Portugal 7,785 3,765 4,020
Romania 9,370 4,490 4,885
Russian Federation 12,170 5,240 6,930
Serbia86 4,565 2,275 2,285
Ukraine 9,450 4,390 5,060
United Kingdom87 116,525 58,485 58,045
Other places of birth in Europe 47,545 23,380 24,170
Africa 53,330 27,245 26,085
Algeria 510 325 185
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 1,005 540 465
Egypt 3,310 1,900 1,410
Eritrea 2,485 1,440 1,050
Ethiopia 2,590 1,305 1,285
Morocco 1,270 610 655
Nigeria 3,585 1,880 1,700
Somalia 1,240 625 620
South Africa, Republic of 15,380 7,710 7,670
Other places of birth in Africa 21,955 10,905 11,050
Asia 905,585 412,460 493,125
Afghanistan 6,245 3,065 3,185
Iran88 45,970 23,175 22,795
Iraq 7,000 3,750 3,245
Lebanon 2,455 1,390 1,065
Syria89 6,545 3,420 3,130
Turkey 3,095 1,690 1,410
China90 217,970 94,905 123,065
Hong Kong91 78,855 36,815 42,035
Korea, South92 47,520 21,345 26,180
Taiwan 40,445 18,100 22,340
Philippines 131,645 54,350 77,300
Viet Nam 32,390 14,475 17,915
Bangladesh 3,035 1,520 1,520
India 197,115 96,630 100,480
Pakistan 13,345 6,910 6,430
Sri Lanka 5,375 2,595 2,775
Other places of birth in Asia 66,580 28,320 38,260
Oceania and other places of birth93 33,225 16,430 16,800
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data94 197,420 94,095 103,330
Americas 22,835 10,990 11,850
Brazil 5,130 2,430 2,695
Colombia 1,075 495 580
Haiti 35 25 15
Jamaica 1,005 515 490
Mexico 3,045 1,450 1,595
United States of America 8,760 4,325 4,430
Venezuela95 530 205 330
Other places of birth in Americas 3,265 1,545 1,720
Europe 25,290 13,375 11,920
France 1,730 935 795
Germany 1,380 680 705
Ireland96 2,420 1,485 935
Italy 995 555 445
Russian Federation 2,075 835 1,235
Ukraine 1,935 885 1,045
United Kingdom87 7,675 4,510 3,165
Other places of birth in Europe 7,090 3,490 3,605
Africa 10,465 5,545 4,915
Algeria 65 40 20
Burundi 110 35 75
Cameroon 120 70 50
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 340 205 140
Côte d'Ivoire 40 25 10
Egypt 610 350 255
Eritrea 1,515 935 585
Ethiopia 620 340 275
Morocco 275 115 160
Nigeria 1,770 925 845
Somalia 255 130 125
South Africa, Republic of 1,965 945 1,015
Sudan97 235 115 120
Tunisia 115 60 55
Other places of birth in Africa 2,420 1,245 1,180
Asia 134,395 61,590 72,805
Afghanistan 1,325 700 625
Bangladesh 655 340 315
China90 31,450 13,060 18,390
Hong Kong91 2,515 1,125 1,390
India 39,390 20,140 19,245
Iran88 5,850 2,865 2,980
Iraq 1,545 840 705
Israel 605 365 240
Japan 2,090 500 1,590
Jordan 395 200 195
Korea, South92 7,220 2,935 4,280
Lebanon 395 175 215
Nepal 405 195 205
Pakistan 2,390 1,300 1,090
Philippines 21,220 9,170 12,055
Saudi Arabia 565 340 230
Sri Lanka 710 330 380
Syria89 4,955 2,635 2,320
Turkey 1,025 615 410
United Arab Emirates 620 305 320
Viet Nam 2,845 995 1,850
Other places of birth in Asia 6,215 2,450 3,770
Oceania and other93 4,440 2,600 1,840
Australia 3,280 1,965 1,315
Other places of birth98 1,160 630 530
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data99 4,915,940 2,416,885 2,499,055
First generation100 1,657,625 783,205 874,415
Second generation101 1,068,600 536,615 531,985
Third generation or more102 2,189,720 1,097,065 1,092,655
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data103 1,145,550 532,215 613,340
Economic immigrants104 661,395 320,875 340,525
Principal applicants105 273,695 157,230 116,470
Secondary applicants106 387,700 163,640 224,055
Immigrants sponsored by family107 372,185 152,795 219,390
Refugees108 97,720 52,250 45,470
Other immigrants109 14,250 6,295 7,960
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data110 1,145,550 532,215 613,340
Asylum claim before admission111 27,320 15,640 11,685
Work permits only before admission112 138,760 59,130 79,630
Study permits only before admission113 40,690 20,075 20,615
Work and study permits before admission114 71,860 33,525 38,335
Other permits before admission115 5,145 2,030 3,110
No pre-admission experience116 861,775 401,815 459,965
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data117 4,915,945 2,416,885 2,499,055
Total visible minority population118 1,689,490 810,165 879,325
South Asian 473,965 240,475 233,495
Chinese 550,590 257,590 293,000
Black 61,760 31,965 29,790
Filipino 174,280 76,070 98,210
Arab 28,010 15,015 12,995
Latin American 65,970 31,960 34,015
Southeast Asian 71,785 33,340 38,445
West Asian 69,270 34,800 34,470
Korean 72,815 33,390 39,425
Japanese 44,120 18,335 25,790
Visible minority, n.i.e.119 18,080 8,935 9,145
Multiple visible minorities 58,840 28,295 30,540
Not a visible minority120 3,226,450 1,606,725 1,619,730
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data121 4,915,940 2,416,890 2,499,055
Canadian 459,320 236,305 223,015
English 1,019,250 499,340 519,910
Irish 627,920 297,705 330,215
Scottish 774,455 376,280 398,170
French, n.o.s.122 312,750 150,460 162,290
German 539,145 263,480 275,665
Chinese 517,805 242,015 275,785
Italian 162,485 81,275 81,205
Indian (India) 275,975 138,885 137,090
Ukrainian 210,100 102,030 108,065
Dutch 189,985 94,390 95,600
Polish 134,635 63,780 70,850
Québécois 6,240 3,120 3,120
British Isles, n.o.s.123 191,025 94,050 96,980
Filipino 172,915 75,990 96,930
French Canadian 39,930 19,400 20,535
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.124 82,175 42,475 39,700
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.125 105,005 51,270 53,735
Métis 85,205 41,265 43,930
European, n.o.s.126 102,475 51,755 50,715
Russian 121,755 58,460 63,295
Norwegian 137,170 65,790 71,385
Welsh 104,225 49,190 55,035
Portuguese 39,755 19,465 20,290
American 71,530 34,865 36,660
Spanish 54,365 25,030 29,335
Swedish 103,630 48,520 55,115
Hungarian 51,915 25,060 26,855
Acadian 7,025 3,455 3,575
Pakistani 19,050 9,780 9,275
African, n.o.s.127 18,520 9,370 9,150
Jewish 34,395 17,265 17,135
Punjabi 93,395 47,650 45,740
Vietnamese 51,890 24,430 27,455
Arab, n.o.s.128 12,590 6,755 5,840
Greek 23,300 11,910 11,390
Jamaican 9,865 5,140 4,725
Asian, n.o.s.129 47,650 22,170 25,480
Cree, n.o.s.130 24,875 11,715 13,160
Korean 72,025 33,110 38,915
Romanian 30,195 14,590 15,605
Lebanese 8,440 4,310 4,135
Iranian 49,390 24,720 24,675
Christian, n.i.e.131 13,865 6,995 6,870
Danish 54,865 26,740 28,130
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.132 24,140 11,670 12,470
Sikh 69,100 35,355 33,750
Austrian 45,280 21,810 23,465
Belgian 19,505 9,395 10,110
Haitian 1,215 640 575
Hindu 19,405 10,140 9,265
Mexican 28,445 14,140 14,305
Mennonite 20,925 10,530 10,395
Swiss 28,520 13,995 14,525
Finnish 33,680 16,290 17,390
Sri Lankan 6,440 3,210 3,235
Croatian 23,750 11,645 12,100
Japanese 54,640 23,430 31,215
South Asian, n.o.s.133 20,125 9,935 10,190
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.134 4,840 2,340 2,500
Northern European, n.o.s.135 30,950 14,970 15,980
Muslim 8,220 4,150 4,065
Egyptian 5,810 3,125 2,685
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.136 11,730 5,675 6,055
Tamil 3,380 1,835 1,545
Icelandic 25,910 12,770 13,135
Colombian 7,315 3,555 3,760
Moroccan 2,020 980 1,035
Czech 22,425 10,920 11,505
Syrian 6,550 3,350 3,195
Guyanese 2,420 1,240 1,180
Afghan 9,605 4,725 4,875
Black, n.o.s.137 4,515 2,250 2,260
Serbian 12,660 6,575 6,080
Ojibway 5,145 2,565 2,580
Newfoundlander 4,530 2,415 2,115
Hong Konger 30,020 14,470 15,550
Ontarian 3,315 1,570 1,750
Persian 19,155 9,840 9,315
Trinidadian/Tobagonian 4,120 2,075 2,050
Turkish 8,070 4,185 3,895
Inuit, n.o.s.138 2,120 1,005 1,110
Bangladeshi 3,740 1,930 1,810
Algerian 915 545 370
Brazilian 12,435 6,005 6,430
Nigerian 4,110 2,075 2,040
Armenian 4,040 2,075 1,960
Slovak 11,565 5,520 6,045
Eastern European, n.o.s.139 11,810 5,340 6,470
Somali 2,665 1,460 1,205
Taiwanese 37,530 17,430 20,100
Iraqi 4,590 2,350 2,240
Salvadorean 6,580 3,285 3,295
African Caribbean 1,640 805 830
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.140 10,735 5,070 5,670
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.141 5,140 2,630 2,510
Caribbean, n.o.s.142 2,715 1,245 1,465
Algonquin 1,880 965 915
West Indian, n.o.s.143 1,855 835 1,025
Lithuanian 7,330 3,450 3,885
South African 13,965 6,930 7,035
Australian 18,505 9,575 8,925
Palestinian 2,750 1,470 1,280
Chilean 6,220 3,100 3,125
Congolese 1,500 780 715
Nova Scotian 2,015 885 1,125
Ethiopian 2,720 1,275 1,440
Hispanic, n.o.s.144 5,295 2,430 2,870
Peruvian 4,260 1,975 2,285
Yoruba 1,350 720 635
Cambodian (Khmer) 3,350 1,545 1,805
Berber 605 370 235
Albanian 2,455 1,180 1,280
Maltese 2,750 1,340 1,420
Macedonian 1,235 605 630
Slovenian 5,340 2,485 2,855
Western European, n.o.s.145 7,865 3,860 4,005
New Brunswicker 875 430 445
Gujarati 2,670 1,335 1,340
Eritrean 2,245 1,230 1,015
African Canadian 1,535 790 750
Israeli 3,645 1,850 1,800
Mohawk 2,355 1,205 1,155
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.146 6,545 2,955 3,585
Bulgarian 3,720 1,785 1,930
Albertan 3,430 1,690 1,735
Ghanaian 1,670 905 770
Barbadian 1,950 985 970
African American 4,500 2,320 2,180
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.147 5,580 2,605 2,975
Tunisian 550 285 265
Slavic, n.o.s.148 5,285 2,660 2,625
Cuban 1,770 895 870
Bosnian 3,785 1,910 1,875
Venezuelan 1,835 810 1,025
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.149 180 70 110
Latvian 4,860 2,450 2,415
Bengali 1,370 745 625
Cameroonian 335 220 120
Guatemalan 2,415 1,320 1,095
Indonesian 8,440 3,890 4,550
Laotian 2,485 1,160 1,320
Ilocano 4,765 2,115 2,655
Northern Irish 4,550 2,245 2,305
Celtic, n.o.s.150 5,445 2,660 2,785
British Columbian 20,450 10,360 10,085
Ecuadorian 1,135 545 595
Franco Ontarian 360 155 205
Argentinian 2,625 1,260 1,365
Estonian 4,695 2,200 2,495
Kurdish 3,375 1,830 1,550
Fijian 16,120 7,710 8,410
Jatt 8,370 4,345 4,025
North American, n.o.s.151 2,695 1,480 1,210
Coptic 760 445 315
Thai 5,745 2,120 3,630
Dominican 860 415 445
Nepali 2,305 1,130 1,170
Kabyle 75 30 40
Assyrian 695 415 285
Igbo 890 445 440
Byelorussian 2,610 1,250 1,355
Dene, n.o.s.152 1,025 505 520
Blackfoot, n.o.s.153 2,015 1,025 990
Abenaki 215 135 80
Moldovan 1,415 655 755
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.154 1,285 640 650
New Zealander 7,840 3,965 3,875
Sudanese 945 460 485
Breton 365 185 175
Pennsylvania Dutch 1,655 660 995
Malaysian 5,420 2,535 2,885
Plains Cree 715 360 355
North African, n.o.s.155 780 450 330
Huron (Wendat) 390 205 190
Saskatchewanian 2,890 1,400 1,490
Buddhist 2,950 1,390 1,565
Gaspesian 90 65 35
Norman 745 505 240
Southern or East African, n.o.s.156 1,830 830 1,005
Ivorian 135 80 55
Saulteaux 845 445 400
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.157 935 430 500
Burundian 380 180 200
Tigrinya 1,145 660 485
Nicaraguan 1,890 880 1,010
Mauritian 1,160 565 595
Kenyan 2,215 1,050 1,165
Oji-Cree 250 120 130
Vincentian 345 165 180
Jordanian 925 465 460
Manitoban 1,760 855 905
Cape Bretoner 420 160 255
Rwandan 635 320 320
Grenadian 350 180 170
Malayali 980 520 465
Chaldean 850 420 430
Sinhalese 1,285 605 680
Mayan 1,855 960 895
Honduran 1,500 760 740
Cherokee 2,920 1,345 1,570
Qalipu Mi'kmaq 150 95 55
Indo-Caribbean 385 200 190
Flemish 1,540 705 830
United Empire Loyalist 905 485 420
Senegalese 105 50 55
Azerbaijani 1,400 740 660
Sicilian 935 495 440
Pashtun 945 465 475
Malay 2,625 1,255 1,370
Goan 750 365 380
Bantu, n.o.s.158 320 155 165
Tibetan 715 355 360
Zimbabwean 1,240 615 620
Burmese 2,225 1,120 1,100
Mongolian 1,955 890 1,065
Azorean 380 195 185
Atikamekw 0 0 0
Bamileke 55 25 35
Indo-Guyanese 75 35 35
Ugandan 1,145 510 635
Oromo 575 320 255
Tanzanian 945 470 475
Yemeni 420 195 220
Central African 35 20 15
Libyan 650 390 260
Basque 1,165 620 545
Uruguayan 515 290 230
Akan, n.o.s.159 405 200 195
Central or West African, n.o.s.160 655 260 395
Igorot 1,330 590 730
Fulani 85 40 50
Woodland Cree 105 55 50
Guinean 135 70 65
St. Lucian 180 110 70
Prince Edward Islander 280 145 135
Maliseet 100 40 55
Beninese 100 50 50
Telugu 615 340 280
Roma 1,205 600 600
Costa Rican 1,075 485 585
African Nova Scotian 145 60 85
Malagasy 110 55 55
Kashmiri 545 260 285
Singaporean 2,630 1,165 1,460
Karen 980 520 460
Edo 205 95 105
Tajik 665 335 335
Amhara 305 165 140
Paraguayan 1,095 570 520
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data161 4,915,945 2,416,885 2,499,055
Buddhist 83,860 35,040 48,825
Christian 1,684,870 766,705 918,165
Christian, n.o.s.162 434,920 203,070 231,850
Anabaptist 21,275 10,210 11,065
Anglican 137,485 59,595 77,885
Baptist 57,265 25,770 31,495
Catholic 588,140 272,340 315,805
Christian Orthodox 45,135 21,835 23,300
Jehovah's Witness 25,715 11,245 14,470
Latter Day Saints 12,875 5,795 7,075
Lutheran 46,395 20,205 26,185
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness) 7,290 3,295 3,995
Pentecostal and other Charismatic 41,140 18,550 22,585
Presbyterian 28,040 12,260 15,780
Reformed 12,455 6,050 6,400
United Church 129,000 51,815 77,185
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions 97,745 44,660 53,085
Hindu 81,320 42,070 39,245
Jewish 26,850 12,980 13,870
Muslim 125,915 63,375 62,535
Sikh 290,870 145,740 145,130
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality 11,570 5,495 6,075
Other religions and spiritual traditions 51,440 20,890 30,555
No religion and secular perspectives 2,559,250 1,324,585 1,234,660
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data163 4,875,955 2,396,280 2,479,675
Non-movers 4,169,710 2,050,165 2,119,540
Movers 706,245 346,115 360,130
Non-migrants 395,215 193,080 202,135
Migrants 311,030 153,035 157,990
Internal migrants 251,245 123,785 127,455
Intraprovincial migrants 187,990 92,090 95,900
Interprovincial migrants 63,250 31,695 31,555
External migrants 59,785 29,250 30,535
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data164 4,699,740 2,305,755 2,393,985
Non-movers 2,639,500 1,292,175 1,347,330
Movers 2,060,245 1,013,590 1,046,655
Non-migrants 757,040 372,900 384,135
Migrants 1,303,200 640,680 662,520
Internal migrants 1,016,025 498,920 517,105
Intraprovincial migrants 799,455 390,525 408,935
Interprovincial migrants 216,565 108,395 108,170
External migrants 287,175 141,765 145,415
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data165 4,200,425 2,048,395 2,152,025
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate 643,330 341,470 301,860
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate166 3,557,095 1,706,925 1,850,170
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data165 2,691,860 1,313,265 1,378,600
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate 259,010 148,785 110,220
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate166 2,432,850 1,164,475 1,268,375
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data165 4,200,425 2,048,395 2,152,030
No certificate, diploma or degree 565,665 292,000 273,665
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate167 1,238,000 610,685 627,320
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 2,396,755 1,145,715 1,251,040
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level 1,197,050 598,425 598,620
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 323,635 243,815 79,815
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma168 133,020 78,330 54,685
Apprenticeship certificate169 190,615 165,490 25,130
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma170 711,810 289,555 422,255
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 161,600 65,055 96,545
Bachelor's degree or higher 1,199,710 547,285 652,420
Bachelor's degree 775,145 347,145 427,995
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 84,000 34,915 49,085
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 32,985 18,045 14,945
Master's degree 264,145 121,485 142,660
Earned doctorate171 43,440 25,700 17,740
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data165 2,691,860 1,313,260 1,378,600
No certificate, diploma or degree 216,660 122,720 93,935
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate167 694,785 358,700 336,090
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 1,780,415 831,840 948,575
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level 838,680 416,930 421,745
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 217,350 164,860 52,495
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma168 88,765 52,645 36,115
Apprenticeship certificate169 128,590 112,210 16,375
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma170 507,405 206,015 301,390
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 113,915 46,055 67,865
Bachelor's degree or higher 941,735 414,910 526,830
Bachelor's degree 610,735 267,470 343,270
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 63,310 25,280 38,030
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 24,675 11,985 12,690
Master's degree 212,745 93,655 119,090
Earned doctorate171 30,275 16,520 13,755
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data172 4,200,425 2,048,390 2,152,030
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree173 1,803,665 902,685 900,990
Education 158,060 37,395 120,670
13. Education 158,060 37,395 120,670
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 109,100 46,770 62,330
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 13,390 9,570 3,815
50. Visual and performing arts 95,715 37,200 58,510
Humanities 143,340 55,460 87,875
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics 16,850 3,705 13,145
23. English language and literature/letters 35,465 10,360 25,105
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 48,620 19,020 29,605
30A Interdisciplinary humanities174 2,860 1,075 1,780
38. Philosophy and religious studies 7,705 4,630 3,075
39. Theology and religious vocations 12,220 7,385 4,835
54. History 16,035 8,595 7,450
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN 3,580 695 2,880
Social and behavioural sciences and law 288,970 102,380 186,590
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 5,140 1,360 3,780
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 31,375 11,580 19,795
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 39,140 3,530 35,610
22. Legal professions and studies 44,255 15,575 28,680
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences175 6,625 2,525 4,105
42. Psychology 52,080 13,955 38,125
45. Social sciences 110,350 53,860 56,495
Business, management and public administration 493,290 201,060 292,230
30.16 Accounting and computer science 645 220 425
44. Public administration and social service professions 30,855 6,685 24,175
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 461,790 194,160 267,625
Physical and life sciences and technologies 106,515 54,495 52,015
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 44,910 19,580 25,330
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 25,655 12,030 13,620
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences176 1,880 665 1,220
40. Physical sciences 30,600 21,085 9,515
41. Science technologies/technicians 3,470 1,140 2,330
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 105,555 69,245 36,310
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 83,795 58,985 24,810
25. Library science 6,145 865 5,280
27. Mathematics and statistics 13,030 7,715 5,320
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences177 2,580 1,680 900
Architecture, engineering, and related trades 458,590 409,460 49,135
04. Architecture and related services 19,025 11,490 7,535
14. Engineering 119,995 96,730 23,260
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians 83,585 73,495 10,085
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 115 45 75
46. Construction trades 104,445 101,120 3,325
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 86,325 83,625 2,700
48. Precision production 45,110 42,955 2,150
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 60,510 33,885 26,625
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields178 31,920 15,075 16,845
03. Natural resources and conservation 28,595 18,815 9,775
Health and related fields 350,930 73,605 277,325
30.37 Design for human health 0 0 0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology 27,000 13,530 13,470
51. Health professions and related programs178 312,980 53,940 259,035
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs 725 175 550
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs 10,230 5,960 4,270
Personal, protective and transportation services 121,210 61,715 59,495
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services 76,425 24,575 51,850
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 505 435 75
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 1,025 930 95
43. Security and protective services 15,820 11,280 4,540
49. Transportation and materials moving 27,425 24,490 2,935
Other179 685 235 450
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data172 2,691,865 1,313,265 1,378,600
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree173 911,450 481,425 430,025
Education 99,640 21,315 78,320
13. Education 99,640 21,315 78,320
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 85,350 36,335 49,005
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 9,815 6,950 2,860
50. Visual and performing arts 75,530 29,385 46,145
Humanities 103,360 38,515 64,845
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics 12,735 2,545 10,190
23. English language and literature/letters 25,770 7,190 18,580
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 35,310 13,320 21,990
30A Interdisciplinary humanities174 1,895 745 1,150
38. Philosophy and religious studies 5,780 3,440 2,335
39. Theology and religious vocations 7,845 4,740 3,105
54. History 11,615 6,050 5,565
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN 2,410 480 1,930
Social and behavioural sciences and law 226,805 76,655 150,150
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 4,220 1,075 3,145
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 26,730 9,590 17,150
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 29,960 2,705 27,260
22. Legal professions and studies 34,935 10,780 24,150
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences175 5,150 1,960 3,185
42. Psychology 39,250 9,600 29,645
45. Social sciences 86,555 40,945 45,615
Business, management and public administration 379,485 152,040 227,445
30.16 Accounting and computer science 445 140 300
44. Public administration and social service professions 22,625 4,535 18,095
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 356,415 147,365 209,055
Physical and life sciences and technologies 77,340 37,350 39,990
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 33,945 14,030 19,915
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 18,520 8,355 10,165
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences176 1,545 520 1,030
40. Physical sciences 21,390 13,835 7,555
41. Science technologies/technicians 1,935 610 1,330
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 87,185 58,400 28,785
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 72,700 51,710 20,995
25. Library science 3,600 540 3,060
27. Mathematics and statistics 8,865 4,890 3,975
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences177 2,010 1,265 755
Architecture, engineering, and related trades 327,735 286,655 41,080
04. Architecture and related services 14,690 8,220 6,480
14. Engineering 93,760 73,350 20,400
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians 57,590 49,650 7,940
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 100 35 70
46. Construction trades 74,045 71,450 2,595
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 57,950 55,995 1,950
48. Precision production 29,605 27,965 1,640
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 45,705 23,930 21,775
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields178 23,700 10,410 13,290
03. Natural resources and conservation 22,005 13,520 8,485
Health and related fields 258,665 55,710 202,960
30.37 Design for human health 0 0 0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology 20,980 10,585 10,395
51. Health professions and related programs178 229,855 41,240 188,620
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs 580 90 490
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs 7,245 3,790 3,455
Personal, protective and transportation services 88,615 44,750 43,865
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services 56,165 18,390 37,775
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 305 240 65
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 450 410 40
43. Security and protective services 12,270 8,530 3,740
49. Transportation and materials moving 19,425 17,180 2,240
Other179 535 180 355
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data180 2,691,865 1,313,265 1,378,600
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 911,450 481,425 430,025
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree181 1,780,415 831,835 948,580
Location of study inside Canada 1,316,405 622,255 694,150
Same as province or territory of residence 1,029,000 480,420 548,580
Different than province or territory of residence 287,405 141,835 145,570
Location of study outside Canada182 464,010 209,580 254,430
Americas 84,155 40,735 43,420
United States of America 57,255 28,610 28,650
Mexico 8,850 3,950 4,895
Cuba 310 150 160
Haiti 20 15 0
Jamaica 655 290 365
Brazil 8,395 3,865 4,530
Colombia 2,315 1,005 1,310
Peru 945 345 595
Venezuela95 815 345 470
Other locations of study in Americas 4,590 2,160 2,430
Europe 92,195 46,985 45,210
Belgium 755 430 325
France 5,075 2,645 2,425
Germany 5,805 2,975 2,830
Netherlands 2,315 1,265 1,055
Switzerland 1,915 905 1,010
Hungary 945 430 515
Moldova183 455 200 255
Poland 2,960 1,320 1,645
Romania 3,515 1,720 1,795
Russian Federation 5,880 2,560 3,325
Ukraine 4,345 1,945 2,395
Ireland96 5,665 3,255 2,410
United Kingdom87 38,270 20,230 18,040
Bosnia and Herzegovina 840 410 430
Italy 1,610 890 720
Serbia86 1,565 845 720
Other locations of study in Europe 10,275 4,955 5,320
Africa 12,250 6,465 5,785
Nigeria 1,315 690 630
Algeria 130 85 45
Morocco 470 255 215
Tunisia 160 75 85
Egypt 1,490 800 690
South Africa, Republic of 5,860 3,055 2,800
Other locations of study in Africa 2,825 1,510 1,315
Asia 258,905 106,700 152,210
Iran88 16,325 7,150 9,175
Iraq 1,465 830 635
Israel 1,345 690 660
Lebanon 550 260 295
Syria89 805 405 400
Turkey 1,680 995 680
China90 59,350 24,555 34,795
Taiwan 8,905 2,985 5,915
Hong Kong91 7,025 2,820 4,210
Japan 8,185 1,960 6,230
Korea, South92 19,605 7,220 12,385
Philippines 55,140 20,255 34,880
Viet Nam 2,145 625 1,520
Bangladesh 1,135 485 650
Sri Lanka 975 480 490
India 60,565 28,910 31,655
Pakistan 3,935 1,855 2,080
Other locations of study in Asia 9,780 4,215 5,565
Oceania 16,505 8,700 7,810
Australia 12,315 6,385 5,930
New Zealand 3,340 1,855 1,485
Other locations of study in Oceania 855 465 390
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data184 4,200,425 2,048,395 2,152,030
In the labour force 2,657,275 1,378,375 1,278,900
Employed 2,433,600 1,264,715 1,168,885
Unemployed 223,675 113,655 110,015
Not in the labour force 1,543,145 670,020 873,130
Participation rate 63.3 67.3 59.4
Employment rate 57.9 61.7 54.3
Unemployment rate 8.4 8.2 8.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data185 4,200,425 2,048,390 2,152,030
Did not work186 1,563,830 685,205 878,625
Worked 2,636,595 1,363,185 1,273,410
Worked full year full time187 1,350,335 768,255 582,080
Worked part year and/or part time188 1,286,260 594,930 691,330
Average weeks worked in reference year 40.9 41.8 39.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data189 2,657,275 1,378,380 1,278,900
Class of worker - not applicable190 54,165 26,325 27,835
All classes of workers191 2,603,110 1,352,050 1,251,060
Employee 2,144,475 1,076,150 1,068,330
Permanent position 1,788,175 913,100 875,070
Temporary position 356,305 163,045 193,255
Fixed term (1 year or more) 116,190 53,010 63,190
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year) 240,110 110,035 130,070
Self-employed192 458,635 275,905 182,735
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data193 2,657,275 1,378,380 1,278,900
Occupation - not applicable190 54,165 26,325 27,835
All occupations191 2,603,110 1,352,050 1,251,060
0 Legislative and senior management occupations 32,255 22,375 9,885
1 Business, finance and administration occupations 446,160 137,765 308,395
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 209,185 158,605 50,580
3 Health occupations 199,185 43,765 155,415
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services 309,360 103,155 206,205
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 110,585 52,240 58,340
6 Sales and service occupations 666,705 293,530 373,180
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 469,450 425,905 43,545
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 72,075 51,750 20,325
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 88,155 62,965 25,185
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data194 2,657,275 1,378,380 1,278,900
Industry - not applicable190 54,165 26,325 27,835
All industries191 2,603,110 1,352,050 1,251,060
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 60,320 38,580 21,735
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 24,955 20,610 4,350
22 Utilities 14,820 10,765 4,050
23 Construction 234,345 201,185 33,155
31-33 Manufacturing 152,790 107,750 45,035
41 Wholesale trade 80,165 53,130 27,035
44-45 Retail trade 301,060 142,230 158,830
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 142,230 108,095 34,135
51 Information and cultural industries 71,295 43,800 27,495
52 Finance and insurance 95,560 41,275 54,290
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 59,155 31,515 27,640
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 238,650 131,495 107,150
55 Management of companies and enterprises 5,785 2,740 3,040
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 110,215 62,865 47,350
61 Educational services 192,855 62,310 130,545
62 Health care and social assistance 319,525 64,150 255,375
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 60,775 30,215 30,560
72 Accommodation and food services 182,105 78,435 103,670
81 Other services (except public administration) 113,780 50,100 63,680
91 Public administration 142,730 70,795 71,940
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data195 2,855,890 1,472,060 1,383,830
English 2,617,625 1,354,690 1,262,935
French 3,090 850 2,240
Non-official language 52,925 27,750 25,180
Indigenous39 140 60 80
Non-Indigenous 52,790 27,690 25,100
English and French 21,550 8,765 12,785
English and non-official language(s) 154,255 76,820 77,440
French and non-official language(s) 80 30 50
English, French and non-official language(s) 2,520 1,160 1,360
Multiple non-official languages 3,840 2,000 1,840
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data196 2,855,890 1,472,060 1,383,830
Single responses 2,820,225 1,453,980 1,366,250
Official languages 2,726,710 1,405,545 1,321,160
English 2,720,275 1,403,805 1,316,470
French 6,430 1,740 4,690
Non-official languages 93,520 48,430 45,090
Indigenous languages39 290 85 200
Algonquian languages 0 0 0
Blackfoot 0 0 0
Cree-Innu languages 0 0 0
Atikamekw 0 0 0
Cree languages 0 0 0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree) 0 0 0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) 0 0 0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) 0 0 0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) 0 0 0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) 0 0 0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) 0 0 0
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Innu (Montagnais) 0 0 0
Naskapi 0 0 0
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite) 0 0 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) 0 0 0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0
Ojibway languages 0 0 0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) 0 0 0
Daawaamwin (Odawa) 0 0 0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway) 0 0 0
Ojibway, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 55 15 45
Northern Athabaskan languages 55 15 45
Dakelh (Carrier) 20 10 15
Dane-zaa (Beaver) 0 0 0
Dene, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) 0 0 0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0
Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0
Tse'khene (Sekani) 0 0 0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) 30 10 25
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0
Tutchone, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine 0 0 10
Tlingit 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages 0 0 0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0
Inuinnaqtun 0 0 0
Inuvialuktun 0 0 0
Inuktitut 0 0 0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0
Oneida 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai) 10 0 10
Michif 0 0 0
Salish languages 125 50 80
Halkomelem 35 15 20
Lillooet 0 0 0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson) 0 0 0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) 30 0 25
Squamish 10 10 0
Straits 0 0 10
Syilx (Okanagan) 20 10 15
Salish languages, n.i.e. 15 10 10
Siouan languages 0 0 0
Assiniboine 0 0 0
Dakota 0 0 0
Stoney 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 40 15 30
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 20 10 10
Nisga'a 10 0 10
Tsimshian 15 0 10
Wakashan languages 40 0 35
Haisla 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 10 0 10
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) 15 0 15
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 15 0 15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Non-Indigenous languages 93,230 48,340 44,890
Afro-Asiatic languages 520 320 205
Berber languages 0 0 0
Kabyle 0 0 0
Tamazight 0 0 0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Chadic languages 0 0 0
Coptic 0 0 0
Cushitic languages 10 0 10
Bilen 0 0 0
Oromo 0 0 0
Somali 10 0 10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Semitic languages 500 320 185
Amharic 20 10 10
Arabic 355 250 110
Aramaic languages 25 10 15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0
Aramaic, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Hebrew 60 20 40
Tigrigna 45 25 20
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Austro-Asiatic languages 2,720 1,070 1,645
Khmer (Cambodian) 30 15 15
Vietnamese 2,695 1,060 1,630
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Austronesian languages 855 430 420
Bikol 0 0 0
Bisaya, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Cebuano 20 15 0
Hiligaynon 0 0 0
Ilocano 40 25 20
Indonesian 85 50 45
Kankanaey 0 0 0
Malagasy languages 0 0 0
Malay 0 0 0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0
Pangasinan 0 0 0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 680 335 340
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 15 10 0
Creole languages 0 0 0
Haitian Creole 0 0 0
Jamaican English Creole 0 0 0
Morisyen 0 0 0
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Dravidian languages 75 35 35
Kannada 0 0 0
Malayalam 15 10 0
Tamil 55 30 30
Telugu 0 0 0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Georgian 0 0 0
Indo-European languages 30,820 18,165 12,655
Albanian 20 0 10
Armenian 20 0 15
Balto-Slavic languages 915 350 565
Baltic languages 15 0 15
Latvian 15 0 15
Lithuanian 0 0 0
Slavic languages 900 350 555
Bulgarian 10 0 10
Czech 25 20 10
Macedonian 0 0 0
Polish 85 25 60
Russian 645 245 400
Serbo-Croatian 90 45 40
Bosnian 10 0 10
Croatian 10 0 0
Serbian 75 45 30
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Slovak 0 0 0
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0
Ukrainian 30 10 20
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Celtic languages 10 0 0
Scottish Gaelic 10 0 0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Germanic languages 680 310 370
Frisian 0 0 0
High German languages 450 200 255
German 400 180 220
Pennsylvania German 0 0 0
Swiss German 50 15 30
Yiddish 0 0 0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages 195 100 100
Afrikaans 0 0 0
Dutch 85 40 45
Low German, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Low Saxon 0 0 0
Plautdietsch 105 55 50
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0
Scandinavian languages 35 15 20
Danish 0 0 0
Icelandic 0 0 0
Norwegian 20 15 0
Swedish 15 0 10
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Greek 50 35 10
Indo-Iranian languages 25,450 15,470 9,980
Indo-Aryan languages 23,425 14,315 9,115
Bengali 10 10 0
Gujarati 10 0 10
Hindi 555 310 250
Kacchi 0 0 0
Marathi 0 0 0
Nepali 10 10 0
Punjabi (Panjabi) 22,730 13,945 8,785
Sindhi 0 0 0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0
Urdu 100 40 55
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Iranian languages 2,020 1,155 865
Kurdish 25 20 10
Pashto 0 0 0
Persian languages 1,985 1,135 855
Dari 110 75 35
Iranian Persian 1,710 940 770
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. 170 120 50
Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Italic (Romance) languages 3,675 1,975 1,700
Catalan 0 0 0
Italian 120 55 65
Portuguese 555 245 310
Romanian 60 35 30
Spanish 2,940 1,645 1,300
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Japanese 2,015 695 1,320
Korean 6,855 3,485 3,370
Mongolian 0 10 0
Niger-Congo languages 15 0 10
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0
Edo 0 0 0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0
Ga 0 0 0
Ganda 0 0 0
Igbo 0 0 0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0
Lingala 0 0 0
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0
Shona 0 0 0
Swahili 0 0 0
Wolof 0 0 0
Yoruba 10 0 10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0
Dinka 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Sign languages 300 105 190
American Sign Language 285 95 185
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0
Sign languages, n.i.e. 10 10 0
Sino-Tibetan languages 48,730 23,930 24,800
Chinese languages 48,670 23,890 24,780
Hakka 0 0 0
Mandarin 28,465 13,710 14,755
Min Dong 0 0 0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 235 110 125
Wu (Shanghainese) 15 10 10
Yue (Cantonese) 19,865 10,015 9,855
Chinese, n.o.s. 85 45 40
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages 60 35 20
Burmese 30 15 10
Karenic languages 0 0 0
S'gaw Karen 0 0 0
Karenic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Tibetan 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Tai-Kadai languages 205 65 140
Lao 0 0 0
Thai 200 60 140
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Turkic languages 60 20 40
Azerbaijani 0 0 0
Turkish 55 10 40
Uyghur 0 0 0
Uzbek 0 0 0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Uralic languages 50 10 40
Estonian 0 0 0
Finnish 20 0 15
Hungarian 30 0 25
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Multiple responses 35,660 18,080 17,585
English and French 2,470 970 1,510
English and non-official language(s) 32,195 16,590 15,610
French and non-official language(s) 35 10 20
English, French and non-official language(s) 130 65 65
Multiple non-official languages 825 445 380
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data197 2,855,890 1,472,060 1,383,830
None 2,703,945 1,398,765 1,305,180
English 36,055 17,805 18,250
French 16,140 7,125 9,020
Non-official language 79,300 38,900 40,400
Indigenous39 1,320 470 850
Non-Indigenous 77,980 38,430 39,550
English and French 70 30 40
English and non-official language(s) 4,745 2,165 2,580
French and non-official language(s) 1,945 860 1,085
English, French and non-official language(s) 10 0 10
Multiple non-official languages 13,685 6,410 7,275
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data198 2,433,600 1,264,715 1,168,885
Worked at home 549,845 262,840 287,005
Worked outside Canada 10,065 6,785 3,275
No fixed workplace address 373,475 277,860 95,615
Usual place of work 1,500,215 717,240 782,980
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data199 1,500,215 717,235 782,980
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence 774,620 341,895 432,725
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence 638,825 322,890 315,940
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence 77,845 46,415 31,440
Commute to a different province or territory 8,920 6,040 2,875
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data200 1,873,690 995,095 878,595
Car, truck or van 1,497,765 824,995 672,775
Car, truck or van - as a driver 1,376,410 775,555 600,865
Car, truck or van - as a passenger 121,350 49,440 71,910
Public transit 174,045 72,290 101,750
Walked 121,550 51,185 70,360
Bicycle 36,790 22,990 13,800
Other method 43,535 23,635 19,900
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data201 1,873,690 995,095 878,595
Less than 15 minutes 595,470 276,270 319,200
15 to 29 minutes 637,130 333,835 303,295
30 to 44 minutes 369,645 216,975 152,670
45 to 59 minutes 137,115 81,460 55,655
60 minutes and over 134,330 86,550 47,780
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data202 1,873,690 995,095 878,595
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m. 125,470 91,685 33,785
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m. 298,120 192,650 105,460
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m. 449,315 237,080 212,235
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m. 418,635 186,225 232,415
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. 303,745 133,880 169,865
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m. 278,405 153,580 124,825
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data203 884,130 455,675 428,450
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language 55,575 28,115 27,465
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language 828,550 427,565 400,990
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data204 651,050 336,315 314,735
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language 43,010 21,805 21,205
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada 23,960 11,755 12,205
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada 19,050 10,050 8,995
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language 608,040 314,500 293,535

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Source

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed March 18, 2024).

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