Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	British ColumbiaMore information: [Province]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	5,000,879	...	...
Population, 2016¹	4,648,055	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	7.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,211,694	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,041,834	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	920,686.55	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	5,000,880	2,457,515	2,543,365
0 to 14 years	716,900	369,250	347,650
0 to 4 years	216,825	111,015	105,805
5 to 9 years	244,290	125,810	118,485
10 to 14 years	255,790	132,425	123,365
15 to 64 years	3,267,620	1,614,625	1,652,995
15 to 19 years	253,690	131,245	122,445
20 to 24 years	294,650	151,505	143,145
25 to 29 years	337,090	170,500	166,585
30 to 34 years	358,585	178,925	179,660
35 to 39 years	353,350	175,175	178,175
40 to 44 years	319,740	156,480	163,260
45 to 49 years	310,035	149,520	160,515
50 to 54 years	329,005	158,540	170,460
55 to 59 years	356,345	172,520	183,825
60 to 64 years	355,130	170,210	184,920
65 years and over	1,016,365	473,640	542,720
65 to 69 years	319,405	152,705	166,700
70 to 74 years	272,365	130,370	141,995
75 to 79 years	181,075	86,060	95,015
80 to 84 years	121,055	55,285	65,780
85 years and over	122,465	49,225	73,235
85 to 89 years	74,315	32,315	42,005
90 to 94 years	36,840	13,715	23,120
95 to 99 years	9,790	2,865	6,925
100 years and over	1,515	330	1,185
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.3	15.0	13.7
15 to 64 years	65.3	65.7	65.0
65 years and over	20.3	19.3	21.3
85 years and over	2.4	2.0	2.9
Average age of the population	43.1	42.2	43.9
Median age of the population	42.8	41.6	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,041,835	...	...
Single-detached house	866,340	...	...
Semi-detached house	62,890	...	...
Row house	168,590	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	249,835	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	417,475	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	221,845	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,760	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	51,100	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,041,835	...	...
1 person	600,705	...	...
2 persons	719,865	...	...
3 persons	296,200	...	...
4 persons	256,700	...	...
5 or more persons	168,355	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,915,945	2,416,800	2,499,140
Average household size	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	4,283,980	2,088,265	2,195,715
Married or living common-law	2,464,130	1,229,850	1,234,280
Married	2,036,165	1,015,165	1,021,000
Living common-law	427,970	214,680	213,285
Living common law - Never married	313,560	158,045	155,515
Living common law - Separated	17,220	8,940	8,285
Living common law - Divorced	87,370	43,700	43,670
Living common law - Widowed	9,815	3,995	5,820
Not married and not living common-law	1,819,845	858,415	961,435
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,202,625	653,345	549,280
Not married and not living common law - Separated	110,710	47,290	63,420
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	283,035	109,615	173,420
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	223,475	48,165	175,310
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,399,405	...	...
2 persons	763,875	...	...
3 persons	290,335	...	...
4 persons	255,295	...	...
5 or more persons	89,900	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,399,405	...	...
Total couple families	1,190,930	...	...
Married couples	977,010	...	...
With children⁶	496,240	...	...
Without children	480,770	...	...
Common-law couples	213,925	...	...
With children⁶	64,570	...	...
Without children	149,355	...	...
Total one-parent families	208,475	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	161,820	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	46,655	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	4,915,945	2,416,800	2,499,140
Total - Persons in census families	3,897,915	1,933,790	1,964,120
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,381,865	1,191,345	1,190,515
Parents in one-parent families	208,475	46,660	161,820
Children⁶	1,307,575	695,790	611,785
In a two-parent family	1,001,235	529,410	471,830
In a one-parent family	306,340	166,380	139,960
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,018,030	483,010	535,015
Living alone	600,705	273,740	326,960
Living with other relatives⁷	139,900	56,735	83,160
Living with non-relatives only	277,425	152,535	124,890
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,041,830	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,157,520	...	...
Couple-family households	1,002,775	...	...
With children⁶	463,945	...	...
Without children	538,825	...	...
One-parent-family households	154,745	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	75,700	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20,325	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	79,015	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	108,570	...	...
One-person households	600,705	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	4,200,500	2,048,300	2,152,200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,076,345	1,987,855	2,088,490
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	47,200	36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,078,810	1,989,180	2,089,630
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	42,400	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,655,710	1,808,310	1,847,405
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	43,600	28,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,886,365	1,471,335	1,415,030
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	46,000	31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,377,800	1,555,875	1,821,925
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	9,100	10,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	370,345	168,520	201,825
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,106,935	526,910	580,025
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	4,200,425	2,048,395	2,152,030
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,075,270	1,987,400	2,087,875
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,450	63,500	45,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,077,810	1,988,785	2,089,025
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	51,900	39,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,654,285	1,807,745	1,846,535
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,520	60,800	40,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,886,325	1,472,690	1,413,635
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,520	59,800	40,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,374,170	1,553,970	1,820,205
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,030	10,490	11,490
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	368,410	167,495	200,910
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,540	6,030	6,970
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,102,145	524,940	577,205
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,110	8,940	9,260
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	4,200,420	2,048,395	2,152,030
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,301,410	737,105	564,300
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,000	71,500	57,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	77,700	86,600	66,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,195,830	547,835	647,995
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	22,400	17,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,560	36,160	25,840
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.2	87.0	78.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	65.8	69.8	60.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.8	12.9	21.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.8	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.6	4.5	7.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.5	3.7	5.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	4,200,500	2,048,300	2,152,200
Without total income	124,155	60,445	63,710
With total income	4,076,350	1,987,855	2,088,490
Under $10,000 (including loss)	385,230	166,325	218,900
$10,000 to $19,999	474,245	197,530	276,715
$20,000 to $29,999	627,895	264,860	363,035
$30,000 to $39,999	515,780	222,825	292,955
$40,000 to $49,999	442,130	198,985	243,150
$50,000 to $59,999	363,335	172,380	190,950
$60,000 to $69,999	284,130	149,100	135,030
$70,000 to $79,999	221,755	125,565	96,190
$80,000 to $89,999	172,110	101,195	70,915
$90,000 to $99,999	136,185	81,180	55,005
$100,000 and over	453,550	307,905	145,645
$100,000 to $149,999	297,440	194,595	102,850
$150,000 and over	156,105	113,310	42,800
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	4,200,500	2,048,300	2,152,200
Without after-tax income	121,690	59,120	62,575
With after-tax income	4,078,810	1,989,185	2,089,630
Under $10,000 (including loss)	402,375	172,800	229,575
$10,000 to $19,999	490,875	204,625	286,255
$20,000 to $29,999	705,795	299,550	406,245
$30,000 to $39,999	593,485	261,620	331,865
$40,000 to $49,999	502,775	233,645	269,135
$50,000 to $59,999	387,850	198,895	188,955
$60,000 to $69,999	283,825	160,510	123,315
$70,000 to $79,999	207,535	122,690	84,840
$80,000 to $89,999	150,155	91,640	58,515
$90,000 to $99,999	99,015	63,800	35,220
$100,000 and over	255,125	179,415	75,715
$100,000 to $124,999	127,025	86,835	40,195
$125,000 and over	128,100	92,585	35,515
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	4,200,500	2,048,300	2,152,200
Without employment income	1,314,135	576,965	737,165
With employment income	2,886,365	1,471,335	1,415,035
Under $5,000 (including loss)	397,640	182,895	214,745
$5,000 to $9,999	234,130	99,970	134,165
$10,000 to $19,999	339,265	147,650	191,615
$20,000 to $29,999	266,065	118,485	147,580
$30,000 to $39,999	257,235	116,285	140,950
$40,000 to $49,999	247,550	116,085	131,470
$50,000 to $59,999	230,030	112,805	117,220
$60,000 to $69,999	190,470	105,215	85,260
$70,000 to $79,999	154,990	91,615	63,375
$80,000 to $89,999	128,265	77,550	50,715
$90,000 to $99,999	105,855	64,420	41,430
$100,000 and over	334,875	238,370	96,505
$100,000 to $124,999	154,515	102,955	51,560
$125,000 and over	180,360	135,420	44,940
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	4,200,500	2,048,300	2,152,200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,960,225	1,926,690	2,033,535
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	46,000	32,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,968,465	1,928,380	2,040,085
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	40,800	30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,614,710	1,784,370	1,830,340
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	44,800	29,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,972,225	1,505,485	1,466,740
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	45,200	30,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,715,540	1,173,320	1,542,220
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,880	4,520	6,450
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	258,710	115,865	142,845
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,120	5,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	4,200,425	2,048,395	2,152,030
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,959,300	1,926,475	2,032,835
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,300	62,250	42,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,967,440	1,928,070	2,039,370
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,400	50,520	36,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,612,845	1,783,870	1,828,980
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,080	61,850	40,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,971,405	1,506,375	1,465,035
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,120	58,700	39,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,711,365	1,168,975	1,542,390
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,330	8,200	8,430
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	258,380	115,595	142,790
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,140	6,310	7,810
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	4,200,420	2,048,395	2,152,030
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,288,260	729,135	559,120
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,400	68,000	52,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,800	82,200	60,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,128,665	516,540	612,120
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,200	29,400	22,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,280	43,320	30,320
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.0	92.0	85.0
Employment income (%)	70.4	73.8	66.0
Government transfers (%)	10.9	8.0	14.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.6	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,041,835	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	600,705	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,441,130	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,041,835	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	108,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	91,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	600,425	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,680	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,441,410	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	130,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,041,835	...	...
Under $5,000	30,080	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	13,160	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	19,290	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	41,735	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	82,340	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	63,830	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	64,895	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	75,105	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	73,975	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	73,180	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	144,895	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	139,140	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,840	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,530	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	112,775	...	...
$100,000 and over	853,065	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	235,680	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	178,970	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	221,175	...	...
$200,000 and over	217,240	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,041,835	...	...
Under $5,000	34,265	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	13,550	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	19,930	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	43,390	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	86,585	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	72,515	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	74,810	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	85,940	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	85,575	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85,000	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	168,315	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	160,070	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	149,385	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,615	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	121,890	...	...
$100,000 and over	704,010	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	243,560	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,850	...	...
$150,000 and over	292,600	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,364,485	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	562,590	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	561,965	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	188,585	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	878,130	426,275	451,855
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,200	40,800	37,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	37,200	34,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,363,860	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	130,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	108,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	561,775	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	115,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	563,000	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	161,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	186,930	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	83,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	875,470	423,270	452,200
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,240	53,050	47,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,720	44,400	41,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	4,915,940	2,416,800	2,499,140
0 to 17 years	866,210	446,475	419,740
0 to 5 years	264,100	135,340	128,760
18 to 64 years	3,085,015	1,515,740	1,569,280
65 years and over	964,710	454,590	510,120
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	528,870	246,885	281,980
0 to 17 years	98,830	51,230	47,600
0 to 5 years	29,460	15,150	14,310
18 to 64 years	297,960	141,460	156,505
65 years and over	132,075	54,200	77,875
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.8	10.2	11.3
0 to 17 years (%)	11.4	11.5	11.3
0 to 5 years (%)	11.2	11.2	11.1
18 to 64 years (%)	9.7	9.3	10.0
65 years and over (%)	13.7	11.9	15.3
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	4,825,465	2,371,915	2,453,550
0 to 17 years	848,955	437,500	411,455
0 to 5 years	259,060	132,740	126,320
18 to 64 years	3,033,655	1,490,215	1,543,435
65 years and over	942,860	444,195	498,660
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	279,035	139,265	139,770
0 to 17 years	44,480	23,070	21,410
0 to 5 years	11,690	6,045	5,640
18 to 64 years	201,000	101,455	99,545
65 years and over	33,555	14,740	18,815
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.8	5.9	5.7
0 to 17 years (%)	5.2	5.3	5.2
0 to 5 years (%)	4.5	4.6	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	6.6	6.8	6.5
65 years and over (%)	3.6	3.3	3.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	4,915,940	2,416,800	2,499,140
In bottom half of the distribution	2,300,730	1,101,130	1,199,605
In bottom decile	516,435	247,990	268,445
In second decile	444,845	206,090	238,750
In third decile	436,965	208,575	228,385
In fourth decile	442,745	214,155	228,590
In fifth decile	459,740	224,315	235,420
In top half of the distribution	2,615,210	1,315,675	1,299,535
In sixth decile	475,780	234,975	240,805
In seventh decile	494,480	246,315	248,165
In eighth decile	518,565	260,640	257,925
In ninth decile	550,860	278,965	271,890
In top decile	575,535	294,785	280,750
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	4,915,940	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.346	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.449	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.306	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	4,951,660	2,434,585	2,517,075
English only	4,461,290	2,220,225	2,241,070
French only	1,785	810	970
English and French	326,865	146,310	180,565
Neither English nor French	161,720	67,240	94,475
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	4,951,660	2,434,585	2,517,075
English	4,718,195	2,332,370	2,385,825
French	56,495	28,130	28,370
English and French	18,145	8,260	9,885
Neither English nor French	158,820	65,825	92,995
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	4,951,660	2,434,585	2,517,075
Single responses	4,761,600	2,343,570	2,418,030
Official languages	3,382,455	1,699,060	1,683,395
English	3,325,035	1,670,420	1,654,615
French	57,420	28,645	28,780
Non-official languages	1,379,145	644,515	734,630
Indigenous languages³⁹	5,490	2,600	2,890
Algonquian languages	820	390	430
Blackfoot	30	15	15
Cree-Innu languages	630	310	320
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	620	305	320
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	15	5	10
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	50	20	25
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	170	75	95
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	85	55	30
Cree, n.o.s.	305	150	155
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	10	5
Mi'kmaq	10	10	5
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	155	65	90
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	5	0
Oji-Cree	15	5	5
Ojibway languages	135	55	85
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	10	5	5
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	30	5	25
Ojibway, n.o.s.	100	45	55
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,560	710	850
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,545	705	840
Dakelh (Carrier)	615	280	335
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	90	40	50
Dene, n.o.s.	70	40	30
Gwich'in	5	0	5
Slavey-Hare languages	60	25	35
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	20	5	10
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	40	20	20
Tahltan languages	85	45	40
Kaska (Nahani)	5	5	0
Tahltan	80	40	40
Tlicho (Dogrib)	10	5	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	35	5	30
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	460	210	250
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	5	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	5	0	5
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	110	55	60
Tlingit	10	5	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5
Haida	40	20	25
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	50	15	35
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun	5	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35	10	25
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	10	5	5
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	30	15	15
Michif	25	10	15
Salish languages	1,080	510	565
Halkomelem	180	90	95
Lillooet	100	45	50
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	180	95	80
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	265	120	140
Squamish	25	10	15
Straits	95	40	45
Syilx (Okanagan)	185	80	105
Salish languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30
Siouan languages	10	5	5
Assiniboine	5	0	0
Dakota	5	0	5
Stoney	5	5	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,005	505	505
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	575	295	275
Nisga'a	320	155	165
Tsimshian	115	60	60
Wakashan languages	760	380	385
Haisla	80	30	50
Heiltsuk	295	180	115
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	150	70	80
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	215	90	125
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	20	5	10
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	70	25	40
Non-Indigenous languages	1,373,655	641,910	731,745
Afro-Asiatic languages	33,195	17,710	15,485
Berber languages	110	70	40
Kabyle	70	45	30
Tamazight	25	15	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5
Chadic languages	50	35	15
Hausa	40	25	15
Mina	10	10	5
Coptic	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	2,005	1,025	980
Bilen	30	15	15
Oromo	310	165	140
Somali	1,590	805	785
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	75	40	35
Semitic languages	31,020	16,575	14,450
Amharic	1,620	790	835
Arabic	22,970	12,330	10,640
Aramaic languages	1,505	770	735
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	580	295	280
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	800	405	390
Aramaic, n.o.s.	125	65	60
Harari	15	10	15
Hebrew	2,260	1,275	980
Maltese	170	85	90
Tigrigna	2,455	1,310	1,150
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	34,145	15,270	18,875
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,530	670	865
Vietnamese	32,560	14,580	17,985
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	50	25	30
Austronesian languages	104,100	42,685	61,415
Bikol	425	180	240
Bisaya, n.o.s.	1,375	550	825
Cebuano	3,585	1,405	2,175
Fijian	345	180	170
Hiligaynon	1,895	755	1,140
Ilocano	6,325	2,650	3,675
Indonesian	4,080	1,730	2,345
Kankanaey	200	85	120
Kinaray-a	125	45	80
Malagasy languages	35	15	20
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	30	15	20
Malay	365	180	185
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	870	400	470
Pangasinan	395	165	230
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	82,835	33,800	49,045
Waray-Waray	300	125	175
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	945	425	525
Creole languages	925	465	460
Haitian Creole	115	60	50
Jamaican English Creole	40	25	15
Krio	35	20	15
Morisyen	375	170	205
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	180	100	80
Creole languages, n.i.e.	170	85	90
Dravidian languages	13,260	7,225	6,035
Kannada	565	290	270
Malayalam	4,740	2,590	2,155
Tamil	5,055	2,645	2,405
Telugu	2,810	1,650	1,160
Tulu	70	40	30
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15
Georgian	160	95	70
Hmong-Mien languages	85	40	45
Indo-European languages	657,345	321,395	335,955
Albanian	1,645	850	795
Armenian	1,350	650	695
Balto-Slavic languages	81,655	37,525	44,135
Baltic languages	1,065	475	595
Latvian	545	250	290
Lithuanian	525	220	300
Slavic languages	80,590	37,050	43,540
Belarusian	70	30	40
Bulgarian	2,025	960	1,065
Czech	5,855	2,770	3,090
Macedonian	330	170	165
Polish	15,810	7,190	8,625
Russian	28,660	12,825	15,835
Rusyn	25	5	15
Serbo-Croatian	16,425	8,055	8,365
Bosnian	1,655	805	855
Croatian	6,805	3,255	3,545
Serbian	7,665	3,855	3,815
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	300	145	155
Slovak	3,275	1,475	1,805
Slovene (Slovenian)	950	430	520
Ukrainian	7,120	3,120	4,000
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	40	25	20
Celtic languages	415	225	190
Irish	110	60	40
Scottish Gaelic	80	40	35
Welsh	200	100	100
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10
Germanic languages	84,375	39,695	44,675
Frisian	200	95	105
High German languages	53,255	24,820	28,435
German	50,695	23,575	27,125
Pennsylvania German	15	10	5
Swiss German	2,330	1,130	1,205
Yiddish	215	110	105
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	23,295	11,250	12,040
Afrikaans	3,700	1,830	1,870
Dutch	17,345	8,325	9,020
Low German, n.o.s.	235	100	130
Low Saxon	110	60	50
Plautdietsch	1,580	775	810
Vlaams (Flemish)	320	165	155
Scandinavian languages	7,530	3,465	4,060
Danish	3,625	1,700	1,925
Icelandic	215	100	115
Norwegian	1,520	720	795
Swedish	2,175	940	1,230
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	95	60	35
Greek	5,545	2,925	2,625
Indo-Iranian languages	368,635	184,325	184,310
Indo-Aryan languages	306,465	153,205	153,260
Assamese	75	40	35
Bengali	4,765	2,640	2,125
Gujarati	8,250	4,130	4,120
Hindi	32,390	16,270	16,120
Kacchi	1,195	510	680
Kashmiri	80	50	30
Konkani	280	145	135
Marathi	1,605	840	770
Nepali	1,725	900	825
Oriya languages	110	55	55
Odia	65	40	30
Oriya, n.o.s.	45	20	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	240,865	119,945	120,915
Rohingya	65	35	30
Sindhi	285	155	125
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,935	960	970
Urdu	12,210	6,195	6,015
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	625	325	305
Iranian languages	62,135	31,100	31,030
Baluchi	65	35	35
Kurdish	2,775	1,510	1,265
Parsi	155	85	70
Pashto	1,365	760	600
Persian languages	57,700	28,670	29,030
Dari	6,005	2,965	3,045
Iranian Persian	46,395	23,045	23,355
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5,295	2,665	2,630
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	75	45	30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages	113,685	55,180	58,505
Catalan	200	115	90
Italian	19,805	10,000	9,800
Portuguese	24,320	11,490	12,840
Romanian	8,775	4,250	4,525
Spanish	60,465	29,260	31,205
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	120	65	55
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15
Japanese	22,030	7,135	14,895
Korean	59,935	26,815	33,125
Mongolian	435	185	250
Niger-Congo languages	4,910	2,455	2,455
Akan (Twi)	545	300	240
Bamanankan	15	10	5
Edo	75	35	35
Éwé	110	60	50
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	40	20	20
Ga	50	25	25
Ganda	160	75	90
Gikuyu	70	30	35
Igbo	290	150	140
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	295	145	145
Lingala	90	50	40
Luba-Kasai	10	5	10
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	30	15	10
Ndebele	50	20	30
Rundi (Kirundi)	225	100	120
Shona	355	170	185
Soninke	5	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	65	25	35
Swahili	1,090	520	570
Wojenaka	10	5	5
Wolof	50	25	25
Yoruba	555	305	250
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	360	375
Nilo-Saharan languages	420	215	200
Dinka	105	50	50
Nuer	50	25	25
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	220	120	105
African, n.o.s.	45	20	25
Sign languages	1,000	560	440
American Sign Language	895	500	390
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	105	55	50
Sino-Tibetan languages	419,855	189,740	230,115
Chinese languages	417,290	188,495	228,795
Hakka	2,080	895	1,185
Mandarin	205,205	91,455	113,750
Min Dong	185	90	95
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,780	5,240	6,540
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,200	1,405	1,795
Yue (Cantonese)	192,140	88,195	103,945
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,560	1,155	1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	60	80
Tibeto-Burman languages	2,485	1,205	1,280
Burmese	1,015	485	535
Kuki-Chin languages	210	90	120
Karenic languages	725	345	380
S'gaw Karen	645	305	335
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	85	40	40
Tibetan	395	215	185
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	140	75	65
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	35
Tai-Kadai languages	4,395	1,380	3,015
Lao	1,100	525	580
Thai	3,170	800	2,365
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	120	50	70
Turkic languages	6,055	3,325	2,730
Azerbaijani	625	345	280
Kazakh	115	40	75
Turkish	4,765	2,685	2,080
Uyghur	240	120	120
Uzbek	150	70	80
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	165	65	95
Uralic languages	11,275	5,160	6,115
Estonian	575	235	340
Finnish	3,005	1,240	1,760
Hungarian	7,700	3,685	4,015
Other languages, n.i.e.	130	70	60
Multiple responses	190,055	91,010	99,040
English and French	17,320	8,415	8,905
English and non-official language(s)	150,730	72,755	77,980
French and non-official language(s)	2,395	1,135	1,260
English, French and non-official language(s)	2,960	1,335	1,630
Multiple non-official languages	16,645	7,375	9,270
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	4,951,660	2,434,585	2,517,075
English	3,491,395	1,745,260	1,746,140
French	11,050	5,420	5,625
Non-official language	464,235	216,230	248,005
Indigenous³⁹	645	320	325
Non-Indigenous	463,590	215,910	247,685
English and French	42,645	19,975	22,670
English and non-official language(s)	880,090	419,520	460,570
French and non-official language(s)	1,065	480	585
English, French and non-official language(s)	21,610	9,790	11,820
Multiple non-official languages	39,565	17,910	21,660
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	4,951,660	2,434,585	2,517,075
Single responses	4,753,615	2,340,025	2,413,590
Official languages	3,906,070	1,939,330	1,966,740
English	3,888,825	1,930,925	1,957,900
French	17,245	8,400	8,845
Non-official languages	847,550	400,695	446,850
Indigenous languages³⁹	1,215	595	615
Algonquian languages	130	55	70
Blackfoot	10	10	5
Cree-Innu languages	110	50	60
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	100	45	60
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	10	0	5
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	20	5	15
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	5	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	70	30	35
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	5	0	5
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	5	0	5
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	465	235	230
Northern Athabaskan languages	460	230	230
Dakelh (Carrier)	215	95	120
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	20	10	5
Dene, n.o.s.	20	10	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	15	10	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	5	5	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	5	0	0
Tahltan languages	5	5	5
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	5	5	5
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	165	85	75
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	30	15	10
Tlingit	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
Haida	10	0	5
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	10	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	5	5
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	15	10	5
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	5	5	0
Michif	10	0	5
Salish languages	250	120	125
Halkomelem	45	20	25
Lillooet	40	15	20
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	30	20	10
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	80	40	40
Squamish	5	0	5
Straits	30	15	10
Syilx (Okanagan)	15	5	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0
Siouan languages	15	10	5
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	210	115	100
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	120	65	55
Nisga'a	80	40	40
Tsimshian	10	5	5
Wakashan languages	65	20	40
Haisla	10	5	5
Heiltsuk	5	5	5
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	20	5	15
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	10	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15
Non-Indigenous languages	846,335	400,100	446,235
Afro-Asiatic languages	19,805	10,000	9,805
Berber languages	40	20	20
Kabyle	30	10	15
Tamazight	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5
Chadic languages	10	5	5
Hausa	5	0	5
Mina	5	5	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	1,150	570	585
Bilen	25	15	10
Oromo	155	80	75
Somali	930	455	475
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25
Semitic languages	18,605	9,405	9,195
Amharic	765	345	415
Arabic	13,845	6,995	6,850
Aramaic languages	1,110	545	575
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	390	195	195
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	600	290	310
Aramaic, n.o.s.	120	55	65
Harari	20	5	15
Hebrew	1,030	535	500
Maltese	5	0	5
Tigrigna	1,810	975	840
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	21,705	9,915	11,790
Khmer (Cambodian)	780	360	425
Vietnamese	20,890	9,535	11,350
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	40	20	15
Austronesian languages	54,720	24,615	30,105
Bikol	130	65	60
Bisaya, n.o.s.	585	260	325
Cebuano	1,735	780	950
Fijian	110	60	50
Hiligaynon	865	390	480
Ilocano	3,280	1,480	1,795
Indonesian	1,375	675	700
Kankanaey	105	45	60
Kinaray-a	55	20	30
Malagasy languages	15	10	10
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	15	10	10
Malay	55	30	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	425	195	225
Pangasinan	130	55	75
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45,380	20,305	25,080
Waray-Waray	115	65	50
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	355	175	180
Creole languages	430	200	230
Haitian Creole	25	15	15
Jamaican English Creole	25	15	10
Krio	20	5	10
Morisyen	230	110	115
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	75	35	40
Creole languages, n.i.e.	60	20	35
Dravidian languages	8,005	4,180	3,825
Kannada	240	125	105
Malayalam	2,890	1,545	1,345
Tamil	3,185	1,585	1,595
Telugu	1,645	895	750
Tulu	25	15	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15
Georgian	100	60	40
Hmong-Mien languages	35	15	20
Indo-European languages	364,340	179,590	184,745
Albanian	690	345	345
Armenian	675	315	355
Balto-Slavic languages	33,875	16,185	17,690
Baltic languages	225	115	105
Latvian	90	45	45
Lithuanian	135	70	65
Slavic languages	33,650	16,070	17,580
Belarusian	15	5	5
Bulgarian	900	430	465
Czech	1,760	875	890
Macedonian	125	65	60
Polish	5,250	2,470	2,785
Russian	16,090	7,655	8,435
Rusyn	10	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	6,745	3,270	3,480
Bosnian	720	345	380
Croatian	1,940	885	1,050
Serbian	4,010	1,990	2,015
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	75	40	35
Slovak	1,040	510	535
Slovene (Slovenian)	85	35	50
Ukrainian	1,630	755	870
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0
Celtic languages	45	30	15
Irish	20	15	5
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5
Welsh	20	15	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0
Germanic languages	12,280	5,870	6,410
Frisian	10	5	5
High German languages	7,805	3,690	4,115
German	7,320	3,455	3,865
Pennsylvania German	5	0	0
Swiss German	480	230	245
Yiddish	5	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	3,785	1,850	1,930
Afrikaans	1,725	850	870
Dutch	1,485	720	770
Low German, n.o.s.	60	30	35
Low Saxon	45	25	20
Plautdietsch	440	215	230
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	20	15
Scandinavian languages	670	320	350
Danish	220	105	115
Icelandic	50	25	25
Norwegian	95	40	55
Swedish	305	145	160
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5
Greek	1,915	900	1,015
Indo-Iranian languages	263,030	130,695	132,330
Indo-Aryan languages	220,735	110,140	110,605
Assamese	20	15	10
Bengali	2,720	1,410	1,305
Gujarati	4,160	2,050	2,115
Hindi	17,670	8,855	8,815
Kacchi	455	185	275
Kashmiri	30	15	10
Konkani	45	20	25
Marathi	780	400	380
Nepali	1,120	570	555
Oriya languages	40	20	20
Odia	25	15	15
Oriya, n.o.s.	10	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	184,065	91,825	92,240
Rohingya	60	30	25
Sindhi	130	60	70
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	940	445	495
Urdu	8,235	4,095	4,135
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	265	145	125
Iranian languages	42,285	20,560	21,725
Baluchi	40	20	20
Kurdish	1,765	900	865
Parsi	75	35	40
Pashto	900	490	410
Persian languages	39,475	19,095	20,375
Dari	3,690	1,785	1,900
Iranian Persian	32,375	15,665	16,710
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	3,405	1,640	1,765
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	35	25	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages	51,830	25,240	26,590
Catalan	80	40	35
Italian	4,475	1,930	2,545
Portuguese	12,670	6,055	6,615
Romanian	3,620	1,740	1,885
Spanish	30,960	15,455	15,500
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
Japanese	10,220	4,190	6,035
Korean	45,525	20,925	24,600
Mongolian	220	115	105
Niger-Congo languages	1,485	705	780
Akan (Twi)	165	85	80
Bamanankan	5	5	0
Edo	10	5	5
Éwé	45	20	20
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	10	10
Ga	15	10	5
Ganda	30	20	10
Gikuyu	10	5	10
Igbo	85	40	45
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	105	50	55
Lingala	25	10	10
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	130	60	75
Shona	65	35	35
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	5	5	0
Swahili	375	175	205
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	15	10	5
Yoruba	160	80	80
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	210	105	110
Nilo-Saharan languages	155	75	80
Dinka	30	15	10
Nuer	20	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	90	40	50
African, n.o.s.	20	10	15
Sign languages	1,720	970	745
American Sign Language	1,390	790	605
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	325	180	140
Sino-Tibetan languages	310,860	141,235	169,630
Chinese languages	309,165	140,385	168,780
Hakka	605	270	335
Mandarin	162,130	73,835	88,295
Min Dong	95	45	50
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	6,285	2,850	3,440
Wu (Shanghainese)	2,010	930	1,080
Yue (Cantonese)	136,525	61,785	74,745
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,455	650	805
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35
Tibeto-Burman languages	1,665	830	835
Burmese	670	325	345
Kuki-Chin languages	170	85	85
Karenic languages	530	270	260
S'gaw Karen	475	240	240
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20
Tibetan	240	130	110
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	60	25	30
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20
Tai-Kadai languages	1,570	655	915
Lao	500	235	265
Thai	1,010	390	620
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	60	25	30
Turkic languages	3,030	1,540	1,490
Azerbaijani	295	140	155
Kazakh	15	5	10
Turkish	2,500	1,290	1,205
Uyghur	125	60	60
Uzbek	65	30	35
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25
Uralic languages	2,375	1,100	1,280
Estonian	65	30	35
Finnish	500	210	290
Hungarian	1,815	855	955
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	15	15
Multiple responses	198,040	94,560	103,480
English and French	7,210	3,415	3,800
English and non-official language(s)	183,010	87,560	95,445
French and non-official language(s)	535	245	295
English, French and non-official language(s)	1,525	735	785
Multiple non-official languages	5,760	2,605	3,160
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	4,951,660	2,434,585	2,517,075
None	4,130,200	2,045,235	2,084,970
English	304,845	147,605	157,245
French	34,575	15,995	18,575
Non-official language	379,250	176,935	202,310
Indigenous³⁹	5,140	2,360	2,785
Non-Indigenous	374,105	174,580	199,525
English and French	2,740	1,245	1,490
English and non-official language(s)	46,940	22,760	24,175
French and non-official language(s)	11,880	5,335	6,550
English, French and non-official language(s)	655	300	360
Multiple non-official languages	40,580	19,180	21,395
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	4,915,940	2,416,885	2,499,055
Official languages	4,754,865	2,350,105	2,404,760
English	4,753,275	2,349,445	2,403,835
French	327,350	145,985	181,370
Non-official languages	1,780,325	838,795	941,525
Indigenous languages³⁹	16,560	7,740	8,820
Algonquian languages	1,985	885	1,100
Blackfoot	60	20	45
Cree-Innu languages	1,450	675	775
Atikamekw	15	15	10
Cree languages	1,425	660	770
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	10	10	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	95	25	70
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	435	195	245
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	160	80	80
Cree, n.o.s.	745	360	385
Innu (Montagnais)	10	10	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	65	20	40
Mi'kmaq	60	15	40
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	10	10	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	440	175	260
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	20	15	0
Oji-Cree	25	10	15
Ojibway languages	400	160	240
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	80	30	45
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	50	10	40
Ojibway, n.o.s.	275	115	160
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0
Athabaskan languages	3,540	1,580	1,955
Northern Athabaskan languages	3,490	1,570	1,920
Dakelh (Carrier)	1,530	675	855
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	205	100	105
Dene, n.o.s.	205	95	110
Gwich'in	15	10	10
Slavey-Hare languages	85	30	50
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	25	10	15
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	10	0	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	55	25	30
Tahltan languages	235	125	105
Kaska (Nahani)	20	10	10
Tahltan	220	125	95
Tlicho (Dogrib)	15	10	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	135	40	95
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	855	395	465
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	25	10	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	15	0	10
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	245	120	130
Tlingit	35	15	15
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	20	0	20
Haida	225	80	145
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	205	100	100
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	20	15
Inuinnaqtun	30	15	15
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	175	90	90
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0
Iroquoian languages	100	60	40
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	90	45	35
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	190	90	105
Michif	240	100	140
Salish languages	5,145	2,450	2,695
Halkomelem	1,400	665	735
Lillooet	590	285	305
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	465	270	200
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	1,060	475	580
Squamish	345	165	175
Straits	315	130	180
Syilx (Okanagan)	690	315	375
Salish languages, n.i.e.	325	155	170
Siouan languages	100	60	35
Assiniboine	15	10	10
Dakota	30	20	10
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	50	35	20
Tsimshian languages	2,610	1,310	1,295
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,120	545	575
Nisga'a	1,080	585	500
Tsimshian	455	205	250
Wakashan languages	2,145	965	1,180
Haisla	285	145	140
Heiltsuk	330	160	170
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	790	335	460
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	685	300	390
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	355	165	185
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	285	140	145
Non-Indigenous languages	1,764,475	831,400	933,075
Afro-Asiatic languages	50,895	27,105	23,785
Berber languages	235	140	95
Kabyle	140	90	45
Tamazight	65	30	35
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15
Chadic languages	315	155	160
Hausa	285	135	150
Mina	25	20	10
Coptic	60	40	25
Cushitic languages	2,745	1,470	1,275
Bilen	30	15	20
Oromo	500	280	220
Somali	2,215	1,180	1,030
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	50	30	15
Semitic languages	48,405	25,830	22,570
Amharic	3,100	1,605	1,495
Arabic	35,595	19,250	16,355
Aramaic languages	2,270	1,165	1,100
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	895	495	400
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,050	510	535
Aramaic, n.o.s.	380	190	190
Harari	20	0	20
Hebrew	6,995	3,570	3,430
Maltese	270	130	150
Tigrigna	3,435	1,890	1,550
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	60	35	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	44,030	19,965	24,070
Khmer (Cambodian)	2,210	1,020	1,190
Vietnamese	41,975	19,020	22,950
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	30	40
Austronesian languages	148,455	61,285	87,165
Bikol	810	370	445
Bisaya, n.o.s.	1,655	655	1,005
Cebuano	5,995	2,485	3,510
Fijian	1,020	500	525
Hiligaynon	3,135	1,215	1,920
Ilocano	11,285	4,555	6,725
Indonesian	6,810	3,175	3,640
Kankanaey	330	115	215
Kinaray-a	200	70	130
Malagasy languages	100	45	60
Merina	20	10	10
Malagasy, n.o.s.	85	35	50
Malay	3,485	1,665	1,820
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,550	675	875
Pangasinan	925	375	550
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	133,780	54,495	79,285
Waray-Waray	865	360	505
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,580	2,005
Creole languages	3,230	1,610	1,615
Haitian Creole	470	225	245
Jamaican English Creole	265	115	155
Krio	160	65	90
Morisyen	1,070	520	550
Sango	15	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	835	450	385
Creole languages, n.i.e.	555	280	275
Dravidian languages	20,585	11,060	9,530
Kannada	1,615	885	735
Malayalam	6,765	3,705	3,060
Tamil	9,740	5,125	4,610
Telugu	4,860	2,760	2,095
Tulu	205	110	95
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	30
Georgian	240	140	95
Hmong-Mien languages	160	85	80
Indo-European languages	906,560	443,600	462,960
Albanian	2,195	1,045	1,155
Armenian	1,600	765	830
Balto-Slavic languages	101,395	47,765	53,630
Baltic languages	1,480	695	790
Latvian	730	330	400
Lithuanian	750	365	390
Slavic languages	100,340	47,265	53,075
Belarusian	330	140	190
Bulgarian	2,475	1,190	1,285
Czech	7,935	3,815	4,115
Macedonian	505	260	245
Polish	19,640	9,130	10,510
Russian	42,390	19,800	22,590
Rusyn	45	15	25
Serbo-Croatian	21,625	10,790	10,835
Bosnian	3,150	1,540	1,605
Croatian	11,060	5,345	5,715
Serbian	11,070	5,640	5,425
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	480	255	225
Slovak	4,315	1,945	2,370
Slovene (Slovenian)	1,280	585	695
Ukrainian	12,205	5,430	6,775
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35
Celtic languages	2,675	1,430	1,245
Irish	1,665	920	745
Scottish Gaelic	260	130	125
Welsh	610	290	320
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	160	100	55
Germanic languages	128,605	60,765	67,835
Frisian	375	210	165
High German languages	86,275	41,190	45,085
German	84,325	40,275	44,050
Pennsylvania German	25	15	15
Swiss German	3,030	1,415	1,620
Yiddish	480	225	255
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	34,480	16,520	17,965
Afrikaans	9,755	5,050	4,705
Dutch	22,380	10,375	12,005
Low German, n.o.s.	345	175	170
Low Saxon	55	25	30
Plautdietsch	2,180	1,055	1,130
Vlaams (Flemish)	405	200	205
Scandinavian languages	12,425	5,520	6,910
Danish	4,950	2,235	2,720
Icelandic	330	130	200
Norwegian	3,125	1,420	1,710
Swedish	4,730	2,125	2,610
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	210	135	75
Greek	9,005	4,630	4,375
Indo-Iranian languages	477,485	240,310	237,175
Indo-Aryan languages	406,375	204,750	201,625
Assamese	100	55	45
Bengali	6,565	3,480	3,080
Gujarati	14,340	7,060	7,280
Hindi	134,950	67,645	67,300
Kacchi	2,925	1,295	1,630
Kashmiri	185	95	90
Konkani	775	400	370
Marathi	3,555	1,910	1,645
Nepali	2,445	1,270	1,180
Oriya languages	180	90	90
Odia	95	45	45
Oriya, n.o.s.	85	35	50
Punjabi (Panjabi)	315,000	158,625	156,375
Rohingya	55	35	20
Sindhi	645	350	295
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,440	1,630	1,810
Urdu	25,780	13,590	12,190
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	1,645	855	785
Iranian languages	73,745	37,010	36,730
Baluchi	155	85	70
Kurdish	3,875	2,110	1,760
Parsi	290	115	175
Pashto	2,645	1,545	1,105
Persian languages	68,960	34,500	34,460
Dari	8,235	4,005	4,230
Iranian Persian	55,745	27,930	27,815
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5,780	2,995	2,785
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	200	135	65
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	210	135	75
Italic (Romance) languages	211,725	100,750	110,975
Catalan	565	270	290
Italian	36,370	17,200	19,170
Portuguese	33,005	16,050	16,955
Romanian	11,210	5,470	5,745
Spanish	143,900	68,245	75,660
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	380	275
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	320	135	185
Japanese	41,835	17,590	24,240
Korean	69,935	31,335	38,600
Mongolian	565	250	315
Niger-Congo languages	13,290	6,795	6,495
Akan (Twi)	1,365	695	670
Bamanankan	65	40	25
Edo	175	85	90
Éwé	290	155	135
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	85	30	50
Ga	215	125	90
Ganda	415	205	215
Gikuyu	130	35	100
Igbo	980	485	490
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	605	280	325
Lingala	475	260	225
Luba-Kasai	60	30	30
Mòoré	15	10	0
Mwani	10	10	0
Ndebele	190	90	105
Rundi (Kirundi)	335	130	205
Shona	725	345	380
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	105	60	40
Swahili	5,205	2,735	2,475
Wojenaka	25	10	10
Wolof	165	95	70
Yoruba	1,815	935	880
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,275	1,215	1,060
Nilo-Saharan languages	670	315	350
Dinka	115	55	60
Nuer	60	30	35
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	490	235	265
African, n.o.s.	130	75	55
Sign languages	7,965	3,150	4,815
American Sign Language	7,020	2,700	4,320
Quebec Sign Language	15	0	15
Sign languages, n.i.e.	1,105	515	595
Sino-Tibetan languages	491,660	225,430	266,230
Chinese languages	488,465	223,825	264,650
Hakka	3,615	1,645	1,970
Mandarin	312,625	140,985	171,640
Min Dong	215	90	130
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	24,065	10,615	13,450
Wu (Shanghainese)	4,760	2,020	2,740
Yue (Cantonese)	246,045	112,580	133,465
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,215	1,025	1,190
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125
Tibeto-Burman languages	3,375	1,710	1,665
Burmese	1,730	870	865
Kuki-Chin languages	295	130	165
Karenic languages	770	375	395
S'gaw Karen	705	340	365
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	85	45	45
Tibetan	590	320	270
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	275	150	125
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	215	95	120
Tai-Kadai languages	6,725	2,635	4,085
Lao	1,635	735	900
Thai	5,310	1,960	3,350
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	170	85	95
Turkic languages	10,910	5,605	5,305
Azerbaijani	1,665	880	790
Kazakh	230	70	165
Turkish	9,230	4,805	4,425
Uyghur	235	115	125
Uzbek	275	135	135
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	295	125	170
Uralic languages	13,510	6,345	7,165
Estonian	695	310	385
Finnish	3,635	1,675	1,960
Hungarian	9,230	4,395	4,840
Other languages, n.i.e.	585	285	300
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,915,945	2,416,885	2,499,055
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	290,210	141,210	148,995
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	279,670	136,400	143,265
First Nations (North American Indian)	180,085	87,860	92,225
Métis	97,860	47,745	50,120
Inuk (Inuit)	1,720	795	925
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	5,980	2,730	3,245
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	4,560	2,075	2,485
Non-Indigenous identity	4,625,735	2,275,675	2,350,060
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,915,945	2,416,885	2,499,055
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	136,875	66,610	70,265
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,779,065	2,350,275	2,428,790
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,041,835	...	...
Owner	1,363,190	...	...
Renter	669,450	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	9,190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,041,835	...	...
Condominium	482,755	...	...
Not condominium	1,559,075	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,041,835	...	...
No bedrooms	30,855	...	...
1 bedroom	354,020	...	...
2 bedrooms	569,180	...	...
3 bedrooms	539,910	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	547,870	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,041,835	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	766,380	...	...
5 rooms	300,895	...	...
6 rooms	248,045	...	...
7 rooms	205,105	...	...
8 or more rooms	521,410	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,041,835	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,984,655	...	...
More than one person per room	57,180	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,041,835	...	...
Suitable	1,919,140	...	...
Not suitable	122,700	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,041,835	...	...
1960 or before	256,175	...	...
1961 to 1980	550,690	...	...
1981 to 1990	289,940	...	...
1991 to 2000	336,315	...	...
2001 to 2005	122,855	...	...
2006 to 2010	164,165	...	...
2011 to 2015	135,725	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	185,965	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,041,835	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,922,640	...	...
Major repairs needed	119,195	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,041,835	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,003,245	...	...
Two-maintainer household	904,960	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	133,630	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,041,835	...	...
15 to 24 years	57,980	...	...
25 to 34 years	282,195	...	...
35 to 44 years	343,380	...	...
45 to 54 years	354,340	...	...
55 to 64 years	407,735	...	...
65 to 74 years	347,335	...	...
75 to 84 years	182,155	...	...
85 years and over	66,710	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,988,210	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,481,365	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	506,850	...	...
30% to less than 100%	434,390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,041,830	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	683,985	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	451,550	...	...
Not suitable only	89,300	...	...
Major repairs needed only	80,200	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	23,945	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	29,585	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	7,640	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	1,770	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,357,845	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,915,755	...	...
In core need	257,090	...	...
Not in core need	1,658,665	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,330,795	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	57.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,320	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,668	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	785,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	983,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	663,870	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	11.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	37.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	24.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,370	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,494	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,190	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	11.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	368	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	446	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	4,915,940	2,416,885	2,499,055
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	120,245	59,370	60,880
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	118,210	58,475	59,730
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	100,805	49,745	51,060
Métis single ancestry	16,830	8,485	8,350
Inuit single ancestry	570	245	325
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	2,040	890	1,145
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	1,870	830	1,040
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	70	40	35
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	60	15	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	35	10	20
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	191,640	92,300	99,335
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	184,975	89,155	95,825
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	123,735	59,635	64,100
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	59,905	28,840	31,070
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,330	680	655
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	6,665	3,145	3,515
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	6,390	3,035	3,360
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	170	60	110
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	80	50	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	10	15
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	4,604,055	2,265,220	2,338,840
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	4,915,940	2,416,885	2,499,055
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	4,359,045	2,149,325	2,209,725
Canadian citizens aged under 18	812,305	418,815	393,495
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,546,745	1,730,505	1,816,235
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	556,895	267,560	289,330
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	4,915,940	2,416,885	2,499,055
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	3,319,230	1,663,815	1,655,410
Immigrants⁸¹	1,425,710	665,630	760,085
Before 1980	280,160	133,415	146,745
1980 to 1990	164,445	76,815	87,630
1991 to 2000	299,115	137,275	161,840
2001 to 2010	316,915	145,825	171,090
2011 to 2021⁸²	365,075	172,295	192,780
2011 to 2015	167,650	78,200	89,450
2016 to 2021	197,425	94,095	103,325
Non-permanent residents⁸³	171,000	87,440	83,560
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,425,715	665,630	760,085
Under 5 years	117,555	59,560	57,995
5 to 14 years	226,910	116,660	110,250
15 to 24 years	275,435	124,860	150,575
25 to 44 years	639,200	288,950	350,255
45 years and over	166,605	75,600	91,010
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,425,715	665,630	760,085
Americas	126,075	58,445	67,635
Brazil	8,765	4,120	4,645
Colombia	5,450	2,440	3,010
El Salvador	5,770	2,990	2,780
Guyana	1,400	585	815
Haiti	490	285	210
Jamaica	4,295	2,190	2,105
Mexico	13,385	5,910	7,480
Peru	3,510	1,535	1,975
Trinidad and Tobago	2,725	1,255	1,470
United States of America	59,920	27,535	32,380
Other places of birth in Americas	20,355	9,600	10,760
Europe	307,495	151,050	156,445
Bosnia and Herzegovina	4,510	2,205	2,305
Croatia	5,390	2,670	2,725
France	7,025	3,650	3,380
Germany	30,910	14,710	16,200
Greece	3,350	1,895	1,460
Hungary	5,115	2,395	2,720
Italy	13,410	6,920	6,490
Netherlands	16,070	7,985	8,085
Poland	14,305	6,610	7,700
Portugal	7,785	3,765	4,020
Romania	9,370	4,490	4,885
Russian Federation	12,170	5,240	6,930
Serbia⁸⁶	4,565	2,275	2,285
Ukraine	9,450	4,390	5,060
United Kingdom⁸⁷	116,525	58,485	58,045
Other places of birth in Europe	47,545	23,380	24,170
Africa	53,330	27,245	26,085
Algeria	510	325	185
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	1,005	540	465
Egypt	3,310	1,900	1,410
Eritrea	2,485	1,440	1,050
Ethiopia	2,590	1,305	1,285
Morocco	1,270	610	655
Nigeria	3,585	1,880	1,700
Somalia	1,240	625	620
South Africa, Republic of	15,380	7,710	7,670
Other places of birth in Africa	21,955	10,905	11,050
Asia	905,585	412,460	493,125
Afghanistan	6,245	3,065	3,185
Iran⁸⁸	45,970	23,175	22,795
Iraq	7,000	3,750	3,245
Lebanon	2,455	1,390	1,065
Syria⁸⁹	6,545	3,420	3,130
Turkey	3,095	1,690	1,410
China⁹⁰	217,970	94,905	123,065
Hong Kong⁹¹	78,855	36,815	42,035
Korea, South⁹²	47,520	21,345	26,180
Taiwan	40,445	18,100	22,340
Philippines	131,645	54,350	77,300
Viet Nam	32,390	14,475	17,915
Bangladesh	3,035	1,520	1,520
India	197,115	96,630	100,480
Pakistan	13,345	6,910	6,430
Sri Lanka	5,375	2,595	2,775
Other places of birth in Asia	66,580	28,320	38,260
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	33,225	16,430	16,800
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	197,420	94,095	103,330
Americas	22,835	10,990	11,850
Brazil	5,130	2,430	2,695
Colombia	1,075	495	580
Haiti	35	25	15
Jamaica	1,005	515	490
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,595
United States of America	8,760	4,325	4,430
Venezuela⁹⁵	530	205	330
Other places of birth in Americas	3,265	1,545	1,720
Europe	25,290	13,375	11,920
France	1,730	935	795
Germany	1,380	680	705
Ireland⁹⁶	2,420	1,485	935
Italy	995	555	445
Russian Federation	2,075	835	1,235
Ukraine	1,935	885	1,045
United Kingdom⁸⁷	7,675	4,510	3,165
Other places of birth in Europe	7,090	3,490	3,605
Africa	10,465	5,545	4,915
Algeria	65	40	20
Burundi	110	35	75
Cameroon	120	70	50
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	340	205	140
Côte d'Ivoire	40	25	10
Egypt	610	350	255
Eritrea	1,515	935	585
Ethiopia	620	340	275
Morocco	275	115	160
Nigeria	1,770	925	845
Somalia	255	130	125
South Africa, Republic of	1,965	945	1,015
Sudan⁹⁷	235	115	120
Tunisia	115	60	55
Other places of birth in Africa	2,420	1,245	1,180
Asia	134,395	61,590	72,805
Afghanistan	1,325	700	625
Bangladesh	655	340	315
China⁹⁰	31,450	13,060	18,390
Hong Kong⁹¹	2,515	1,125	1,390
India	39,390	20,140	19,245
Iran⁸⁸	5,850	2,865	2,980
Iraq	1,545	840	705
Israel	605	365	240
Japan	2,090	500	1,590
Jordan	395	200	195
Korea, South⁹²	7,220	2,935	4,280
Lebanon	395	175	215
Nepal	405	195	205
Pakistan	2,390	1,300	1,090
Philippines	21,220	9,170	12,055
Saudi Arabia	565	340	230
Sri Lanka	710	330	380
Syria⁸⁹	4,955	2,635	2,320
Turkey	1,025	615	410
United Arab Emirates	620	305	320
Viet Nam	2,845	995	1,850
Other places of birth in Asia	6,215	2,450	3,770
Oceania and other⁹³	4,440	2,600	1,840
Australia	3,280	1,965	1,315
Other places of birth⁹⁸	1,160	630	530
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	4,915,940	2,416,885	2,499,055
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,657,625	783,205	874,415
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,068,600	536,615	531,985
Third generation or more¹⁰²	2,189,720	1,097,065	1,092,655
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,145,550	532,215	613,340
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	661,395	320,875	340,525
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	273,695	157,230	116,470
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	387,700	163,640	224,055
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	372,185	152,795	219,390
Refugees¹⁰⁸	97,720	52,250	45,470
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	14,250	6,295	7,960
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,145,550	532,215	613,340
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	27,320	15,640	11,685
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	138,760	59,130	79,630
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	40,690	20,075	20,615
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	71,860	33,525	38,335
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	5,145	2,030	3,110
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	861,775	401,815	459,965
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	4,915,945	2,416,885	2,499,055
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,689,490	810,165	879,325
South Asian	473,965	240,475	233,495
Chinese	550,590	257,590	293,000
Black	61,760	31,965	29,790
Filipino	174,280	76,070	98,210
Arab	28,010	15,015	12,995
Latin American	65,970	31,960	34,015
Southeast Asian	71,785	33,340	38,445
West Asian	69,270	34,800	34,470
Korean	72,815	33,390	39,425
Japanese	44,120	18,335	25,790
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	18,080	8,935	9,145
Multiple visible minorities	58,840	28,295	30,540
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	3,226,450	1,606,725	1,619,730
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	4,915,940	2,416,890	2,499,055
Canadian	459,320	236,305	223,015
English	1,019,250	499,340	519,910
Irish	627,920	297,705	330,215
Scottish	774,455	376,280	398,170
French, n.o.s.¹²²	312,750	150,460	162,290
German	539,145	263,480	275,665
Chinese	517,805	242,015	275,785
Italian	162,485	81,275	81,205
Indian (India)	275,975	138,885	137,090
Ukrainian	210,100	102,030	108,065
Dutch	189,985	94,390	95,600
Polish	134,635	63,780	70,850
Québécois	6,240	3,120	3,120
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	191,025	94,050	96,980
Filipino	172,915	75,990	96,930
French Canadian	39,930	19,400	20,535
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	82,175	42,475	39,700
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	105,005	51,270	53,735
Métis	85,205	41,265	43,930
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	102,475	51,755	50,715
Russian	121,755	58,460	63,295
Norwegian	137,170	65,790	71,385
Welsh	104,225	49,190	55,035
Portuguese	39,755	19,465	20,290
American	71,530	34,865	36,660
Spanish	54,365	25,030	29,335
Swedish	103,630	48,520	55,115
Hungarian	51,915	25,060	26,855
Acadian	7,025	3,455	3,575
Pakistani	19,050	9,780	9,275
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	18,520	9,370	9,150
Jewish	34,395	17,265	17,135
Punjabi	93,395	47,650	45,740
Vietnamese	51,890	24,430	27,455
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	12,590	6,755	5,840
Greek	23,300	11,910	11,390
Jamaican	9,865	5,140	4,725
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	47,650	22,170	25,480
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	24,875	11,715	13,160
Korean	72,025	33,110	38,915
Romanian	30,195	14,590	15,605
Lebanese	8,440	4,310	4,135
Iranian	49,390	24,720	24,675
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	13,865	6,995	6,870
Danish	54,865	26,740	28,130
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	24,140	11,670	12,470
Sikh	69,100	35,355	33,750
Austrian	45,280	21,810	23,465
Belgian	19,505	9,395	10,110
Haitian	1,215	640	575
Hindu	19,405	10,140	9,265
Mexican	28,445	14,140	14,305
Mennonite	20,925	10,530	10,395
Swiss	28,520	13,995	14,525
Finnish	33,680	16,290	17,390
Sri Lankan	6,440	3,210	3,235
Croatian	23,750	11,645	12,100
Japanese	54,640	23,430	31,215
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	20,125	9,935	10,190
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	4,840	2,340	2,500
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	30,950	14,970	15,980
Muslim	8,220	4,150	4,065
Egyptian	5,810	3,125	2,685
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	11,730	5,675	6,055
Tamil	3,380	1,835	1,545
Icelandic	25,910	12,770	13,135
Colombian	7,315	3,555	3,760
Moroccan	2,020	980	1,035
Czech	22,425	10,920	11,505
Syrian	6,550	3,350	3,195
Guyanese	2,420	1,240	1,180
Afghan	9,605	4,725	4,875
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	4,515	2,250	2,260
Serbian	12,660	6,575	6,080
Ojibway	5,145	2,565	2,580
Newfoundlander	4,530	2,415	2,115
Hong Konger	30,020	14,470	15,550
Ontarian	3,315	1,570	1,750
Persian	19,155	9,840	9,315
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	4,120	2,075	2,050
Turkish	8,070	4,185	3,895
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	2,120	1,005	1,110
Bangladeshi	3,740	1,930	1,810
Algerian	915	545	370
Brazilian	12,435	6,005	6,430
Nigerian	4,110	2,075	2,040
Armenian	4,040	2,075	1,960
Slovak	11,565	5,520	6,045
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	11,810	5,340	6,470
Somali	2,665	1,460	1,205
Taiwanese	37,530	17,430	20,100
Iraqi	4,590	2,350	2,240
Salvadorean	6,580	3,285	3,295
African Caribbean	1,640	805	830
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	10,735	5,070	5,670
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	5,140	2,630	2,510
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	2,715	1,245	1,465
Algonquin	1,880	965	915
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	1,855	835	1,025
Lithuanian	7,330	3,450	3,885
South African	13,965	6,930	7,035
Australian	18,505	9,575	8,925
Palestinian	2,750	1,470	1,280
Chilean	6,220	3,100	3,125
Congolese	1,500	780	715
Nova Scotian	2,015	885	1,125
Ethiopian	2,720	1,275	1,440
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	5,295	2,430	2,870
Peruvian	4,260	1,975	2,285
Yoruba	1,350	720	635
Cambodian (Khmer)	3,350	1,545	1,805
Berber	605	370	235
Albanian	2,455	1,180	1,280
Maltese	2,750	1,340	1,420
Macedonian	1,235	605	630
Slovenian	5,340	2,485	2,855
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	7,865	3,860	4,005
New Brunswicker	875	430	445
Gujarati	2,670	1,335	1,340
Eritrean	2,245	1,230	1,015
African Canadian	1,535	790	750
Israeli	3,645	1,850	1,800
Mohawk	2,355	1,205	1,155
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	6,545	2,955	3,585
Bulgarian	3,720	1,785	1,930
Albertan	3,430	1,690	1,735
Ghanaian	1,670	905	770
Barbadian	1,950	985	970
African American	4,500	2,320	2,180
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	5,580	2,605	2,975
Tunisian	550	285	265
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	5,285	2,660	2,625
Cuban	1,770	895	870
Bosnian	3,785	1,910	1,875
Venezuelan	1,835	810	1,025
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	180	70	110
Latvian	4,860	2,450

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Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
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Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
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