Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Cape Breton - SydneyMore information: Nova Scotia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	30,960	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	30,170^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	15,043	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	14,070	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,001.5	...	...	1,001.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	30.91	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	30,970	14,750	16,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4,010	2,125	1,885	12.9	14.4	11.6
0 to 4 years	1,215	645	575	3.9	4.4	3.5
5 to 9 years	1,350	730	620	4.4	4.9	3.8
10 to 14 years	1,445	750	690	4.7	5.1	4.3
15 to 64 years	19,250	9,305	9,945	62.2	63.1	61.3
15 to 19 years	1,540	805	740	5.0	5.5	4.6
20 to 24 years	2,075	1,085	990	6.7	7.4	6.1
25 to 29 years	2,315	1,250	1,070	7.5	8.5	6.6
30 to 34 years	1,850	890	955	6.0	6.0	5.9
35 to 39 years	1,630	760	870	5.3	5.2	5.4
40 to 44 years	1,580	710	865	5.1	4.8	5.3
45 to 49 years	1,680	790	890	5.4	5.4	5.5
50 to 54 years	1,920	910	1,005	6.2	6.2	6.2
55 to 59 years	2,185	1,000	1,185	7.1	6.8	7.3
60 to 64 years	2,470	1,105	1,360	8.0	7.5	8.4
65 years and over	7,710	3,315	4,390	24.9	22.5	27.1
65 to 69 years	2,265	1,055	1,210	7.3	7.2	7.5
70 to 74 years	1,990	930	1,065	6.4	6.3	6.6
75 to 79 years	1,385	595	795	4.5	4.0	4.9
80 to 84 years	1,000	425	575	3.2	2.9	3.5
85 years and over	1,070	325	745	3.5	2.2	4.6
85 to 89 years	630	215	420	2.0	1.5	2.6
90 to 94 years	320	90	235	1.0	0.6	1.4
95 to 99 years	95	20	80	0.3	0.1	0.5
100 years and over	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.9	14.4	11.6	12.9	14.4	11.6
15 to 64 years	62.2	63.1	61.3	62.2	63.1	61.3
65 years and over	24.9	22.5	27.1	24.9	22.5	27.1
85 years and over	3.5	2.2	4.6	3.5	2.2	4.6
Average age of the population	45.2	43.2	47.1	45.2	43.2	47.1
Median age of the population	46.4	43.2	49.2	46.4	43.2	49.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	14,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	9,035	...	...	64.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	865	...	...	6.1	...	...
Row house	365	...	...	2.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	880	...	...	6.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,605	...	...	18.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	210	...	...	1.5	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	85	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	14,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	5,125	...	...	36.4	...	...
2 persons	4,865	...	...	34.6	...	...
3 persons	2,045	...	...	14.5	...	...
4 persons	1,330	...	...	9.5	...	...
5 or more persons	710	...	...	5.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	30,210	14,495	15,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	26,955	12,625	14,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	12,555	6,235	6,320	46.6	49.4	44.1
Married	10,050	4,980	5,070	37.3	39.4	35.4
Living common-law	2,505	1,250	1,255	9.3	9.9	8.8
Living common law - Never married	1,825	900	925	6.8	7.1	6.5
Living common law - Separated	115	60	60	0.4	0.5	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	510	270	235	1.9	2.1	1.6
Living common law - Widowed	55	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	14,400	6,390	8,015	53.4	50.6	55.9
Not married and not living common law - Never married	9,265	4,825	4,435	34.4	38.2	30.9
Not married and not living common law - Separated	960	400	565	3.6	3.2	3.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,980	700	1,285	7.3	5.5	9.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,200	470	1,735	8.2	3.7	12.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	8,285	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	4,910	...	...	59.3	...	...
3 persons	1,850	...	...	22.3	...	...
4 persons	1,080	...	...	13.0	...	...
5 or more persons	450	...	...	5.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	8,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	6,050	...	...	73.0	...	...
Married couples	4,795	...	...	57.8	...	...
With children⁶	2,070	...	...	25.0	...	...
Without children	2,720	...	...	32.8	...	...
Common-law couples	1,255	...	...	15.1	...	...
With children⁶	465	...	...	5.6	...	...
Without children	790	...	...	9.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,240	...	...	27.0	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,840	...	...	22.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	400	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	30,210	14,495	15,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	22,055	10,660	11,400	73.0	73.5	72.5
Married spouses or common-law partners	12,100	6,045	6,060	40.1	41.7	38.6
Parents in one-parent families	2,240	400	1,840	7.4	2.8	11.7
Children⁶	7,725	4,220	3,505	25.6	29.1	22.3
In a two-parent family	4,270	2,280	1,990	14.1	15.7	12.7
In a one-parent family	3,450	1,935	1,515	11.4	13.3	9.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,150	3,840	4,315	27.0	26.5	27.5
Living alone	5,125	2,115	3,015	17.0	14.6	19.2
Living with other relatives⁷	820	340	480	2.7	2.3	3.1
Living with non-relatives only	2,205	1,380	825	7.3	9.5	5.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	14,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	7,340	...	...	52.2	...	...
Couple-family households	5,495	...	...	39.1	...	...
With children⁶	2,310	...	...	16.4	...	...
Without children	3,190	...	...	22.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,845	...	...	13.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	295	...	...	2.1	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	410	...	...	2.9	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	855	...	...	6.1	...	...
One-person households	5,125	...	...	36.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	26,200	12,370	13,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	25,220	11,835	13,380	96.3	95.7	96.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	34,400	33,200	33,600	34,400	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	25,220	11,840	13,380	96.3	95.7	96.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,800	31,400	30,400	30,800	31,400	30,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,840	9,990	10,850	79.5	80.8	78.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,200	26,600	24,200	25,200	26,600	24,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,095	7,905	8,190	61.4	63.9	59.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,400	26,600	26,200	26,400	26,600	26,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,990	9,990	12,000	83.9	80.8	86.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,600	13,700	13,500	13,600	13,700	13,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,520	2,320	2,200	17.3	18.8	15.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	7,350	6,040	6,500	7,350	6,040
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,420	3,620	3,800	28.3	29.3	27.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,400	8,000	8,500	8,400	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	26,190	12,355	13,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	25,205	11,800	13,410	96.2	95.5	96.9
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,840	45,400	38,680	41,840	45,400	38,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	25,210	11,805	13,410	96.3	95.5	96.9
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,520	37,680	33,680	35,520	37,680	33,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,925	10,065	10,860	79.9	81.5	78.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,840	40,040	31,960	35,840	40,040	31,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,995	7,940	8,055	61.1	64.3	58.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	39,200	34,440	36,800	39,200	34,440
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	22,070	9,995	12,075	84.3	80.9	87.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,780	13,260	14,200	13,780	13,260	14,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,545	2,375	2,170	17.4	19.2	15.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,760	9,780	7,660	8,760	9,780	7,660
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,330	3,475	3,860	28.0	28.1	27.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,300	9,000	9,560	9,300	9,000	9,560
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	26,190	12,355	13,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,795	3,280	3,510	25.9	26.5	25.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,000	52,800	50,800	52,000	52,800	50,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,700	63,250	56,350	59,700	63,250	56,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,885	3,425	3,465	26.3	27.7	25.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,500	16,800	14,300	15,500	16,800	14,300
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,520	24,360	18,700	21,520	24,360	18,700
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	71.2	75.2	67.0	71.2	75.2	67.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	55.8	58.1	53.5	55.8	58.1	53.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	28.9	24.8	33.0	28.9	24.8	33.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.8	4.3	3.2	3.8	4.3	3.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	7.5	6.6	8.4	7.5	6.6	8.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.5	5.8	7.1	6.5	5.8	7.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	26,205	12,375	13,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	985	535	450	3.8	4.3	3.3
With total income	25,215	11,835	13,385	96.2	95.6	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,185	1,035	1,155	8.7	8.7	8.6
$10,000 to $19,999	3,545	1,555	1,995	14.1	13.1	14.9
$20,000 to $29,999	5,330	2,465	2,870	21.1	20.8	21.4
$30,000 to $39,999	3,890	1,815	2,075	15.4	15.3	15.5
$40,000 to $49,999	3,075	1,345	1,730	12.2	11.4	12.9
$50,000 to $59,999	2,185	960	1,220	8.7	8.1	9.1
$60,000 to $69,999	1,470	725	745	5.8	6.1	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	920	490	425	3.6	4.1	3.2
$80,000 to $89,999	795	405	385	3.2	3.4	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	610	305	305	2.4	2.6	2.3
$100,000 and over	1,200	735	470	4.8	6.2	3.5
$100,000 to $149,999	890	500	385	3.5	4.2	2.9
$150,000 and over	310	230	85	1.2	1.9	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	26,205	12,375	13,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	980	530	450	3.7	4.3	3.3
With after-tax income	25,225	11,840	13,385	96.3	95.7	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,270	1,055	1,220	9.0	8.9	9.1
$10,000 to $19,999	3,690	1,645	2,045	14.6	13.9	15.3
$20,000 to $29,999	6,210	2,915	3,295	24.6	24.6	24.6
$30,000 to $39,999	4,550	2,095	2,450	18.0	17.7	18.3
$40,000 to $49,999	3,340	1,470	1,865	13.2	12.4	13.9
$50,000 to $59,999	1,945	945	1,000	7.7	8.0	7.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,250	615	635	5.0	5.2	4.7
$70,000 to $79,999	870	430	440	3.4	3.6	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	420	235	190	1.7	2.0	1.4
$90,000 to $99,999	225	135	90	0.9	1.1	0.7
$100,000 and over	440	295	145	1.7	2.5	1.1
$100,000 to $124,999	235	150	85	0.9	1.3	0.6
$125,000 and over	210	145	60	0.8	1.2	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	26,205	12,375	13,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	10,100	4,465	5,640	38.5	36.1	40.8
With employment income	16,100	7,905	8,195	61.4	63.9	59.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,290	1,090	1,205	14.2	13.8	14.7
$5,000 to $9,999	1,605	775	835	10.0	9.8	10.2
$10,000 to $19,999	2,765	1,390	1,375	17.2	17.6	16.8
$20,000 to $29,999	2,085	1,030	1,055	13.0	13.0	12.9
$30,000 to $39,999	1,545	735	805	9.6	9.3	9.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,420	575	850	8.8	7.3	10.4
$50,000 to $59,999	1,045	490	560	6.5	6.2	6.8
$60,000 to $69,999	850	465	390	5.3	5.9	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	590	325	265	3.7	4.1	3.2
$80,000 to $89,999	560	255	300	3.5	3.2	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	490	230	260	3.0	2.9	3.2
$100,000 and over	850	550	295	5.3	7.0	3.6
$100,000 to $124,999	470	275	190	2.9	3.5	2.3
$125,000 and over	380	280	105	2.4	3.5	1.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	26,200	12,370	13,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	24,530	11,445	13,090	93.6	92.5	94.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	32,800	29,800	31,200	32,800	29,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	24,540	11,445	13,095	93.7	92.5	94.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,800	30,000	27,600	28,800	30,000	27,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,670	9,865	10,805	78.9	79.7	78.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,800	28,600	25,200	26,800	28,600	25,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,315	7,955	8,365	62.3	64.3	60.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,600	28,200	27,200	27,600	28,200	27,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,915	8,830	11,085	76.0	71.4	80.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,100	9,800	10,300	10,100	9,800	10,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	4,290	2,220	2,070	16.4	17.9	15.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,850	8,700	6,800	7,850	8,700	6,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	26,190	12,355	13,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	24,660	11,525	13,135	94.2	93.3	94.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,320	43,480	35,680	39,320	43,480	35,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	24,665	11,525	13,140	94.2	93.3	95.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,240	35,960	30,880	33,240	35,960	30,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,845	10,015	10,830	79.6	81.1	78.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,200	40,920	31,840	36,200	40,920	31,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,375	8,075	8,300	62.5	65.4	60.0
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	39,560	33,360	36,400	39,560	33,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,125	8,955	11,170	76.8	72.5	80.7
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,690	10,190	11,090	10,690	10,190	11,090
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,310	2,280	2,025	16.5	18.5	14.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,710	8,890	8,510	8,710	8,890	8,510
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	26,190	12,355	13,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,770	3,260	3,510	25.8	26.4	25.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,600	49,600	45,600	47,600	49,600	45,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,250	58,850	51,950	55,250	58,850	51,950
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,450	3,240	3,215	24.6	26.2	23.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,400	20,200	17,200	18,400	20,200	17,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,080	29,760	22,360	26,080	29,760	22,360
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	77.8	81.8	73.6	77.8	81.8	73.6
Employment income (%)	61.5	63.7	59.1	61.5	63.7	59.1
Government transfers (%)	22.2	18.2	26.5	22.2	18.2	26.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.9	4.0	3.7	3.9	4.0	3.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	14,070	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	59,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...	53,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	5,125	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,200	...	...	31,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,000	...	...	29,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	8,945	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	14,130	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	74,600	...	...	74,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	63,400	...	...	63,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,145	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,560	...	...	39,560	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,880	...	...	33,880	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	8,985	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,700	...	...	94,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	80,300	...	...	80,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	14,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	190	...	...	1.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	105	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	460	...	...	3.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	345	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,100	...	...	7.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	740	...	...	5.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	705	...	...	5.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	740	...	...	5.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	715	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	725	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,285	...	...	9.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,090	...	...	7.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	930	...	...	6.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	835	...	...	5.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	685	...	...	4.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,420	...	...	24.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,270	...	...	9.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	830	...	...	5.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	825	...	...	5.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	495	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	14,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	200	...	...	1.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	110	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	465	...	...	3.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	360	...	...	2.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,175	...	...	8.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	895	...	...	6.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	840	...	...	6.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	815	...	...	5.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	875	...	...	6.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	810	...	...	5.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,380	...	...	9.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,230	...	...	8.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,030	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	825	...	...	5.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	675	...	...	4.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,390	...	...	17.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,130	...	...	8.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	625	...	...	4.4	...	...
$150,000 and over	640	...	...	4.5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	8,310	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,285	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,595	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,105	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	56,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	52,400	...	...	52,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	7,335	3,500	3,835	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,200	27,200	29,000	28,200	27,200	29,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	26,800	26,000	27,400	26,800	26,000	27,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	8,355	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,600	...	...	95,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,700	...	...	80,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,295	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,800	...	...	87,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,300	...	...	73,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,605	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	130,800	...	...	130,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,400	...	...	108,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,075	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,100	...	...	65,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,150	...	...	58,150	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	7,240	3,400	3,845	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,280	35,680	34,920	35,280	35,680	34,920
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,640	30,640	30,600	30,640	30,640	30,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	30,215	14,500	15,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,940	2,610	2,330	16.3	18.0	14.8
0 to 5 years	1,485	790	695	4.9	5.4	4.4
18 to 64 years	18,180	8,740	9,440	60.2	60.3	60.1
65 years and over	7,090	3,150	3,940	23.5	21.7	25.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,740	2,600	3,135	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,170	640	530	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	405	220	185	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,040	1,425	1,610	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,540	535	1,005	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.0	17.9	20.0	19.0	17.9	20.0
0 to 17 years (%)	23.6	24.5	22.7	23.6	24.5	22.7
0 to 5 years (%)	27.3	27.8	26.8	27.3	27.8	26.8
18 to 64 years (%)	16.7	16.3	17.0	16.7	16.3	17.0
65 years and over (%)	21.7	17.0	25.4	21.7	17.0	25.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	29,110	13,950	15,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,590	2,410	2,175	15.8	17.3	14.3
0 to 5 years	1,385	730	660	4.8	5.2	4.4
18 to 64 years	17,520	8,420	9,100	60.2	60.4	60.0
65 years and over	7,005	3,120	3,890	24.1	22.4	25.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,420	1,300	1,120	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	360	180	175	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	125	70	60	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,950	1,065	885	...	...	...
65 years and over	110	45	65	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.3	9.3	7.4	8.3	9.3	7.4
0 to 17 years (%)	7.8	7.7	8.0	7.8	7.7	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	9.0	9.2	8.8	9.0	9.2	8.8
18 to 64 years (%)	11.1	12.7	9.7	11.1	12.7	9.7
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	30,215	14,500	15,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	20,315	9,605	10,710	67.2	66.2	68.2
In bottom decile	5,605	2,740	2,860	18.6	18.9	18.2
In second decile	4,555	2,110	2,440	15.1	14.6	15.5
In third decile	3,875	1,795	2,080	12.8	12.4	13.2
In fourth decile	3,330	1,560	1,770	11.0	10.8	11.3
In fifth decile	2,955	1,400	1,555	9.8	9.7	9.9
In top half of the distribution	9,895	4,890	5,005	32.7	33.7	31.8
In sixth decile	2,590	1,250	1,345	8.6	8.6	8.6
In seventh decile	2,505	1,230	1,275	8.3	8.5	8.1
In eighth decile	2,100	1,050	1,050	7.0	7.2	6.7
In ninth decile	1,625	815	810	5.4	5.6	5.2
In top decile	1,075	540	535	3.6	3.7	3.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	30,210	...	...	30,210	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.325	...	...	0.325	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.492	...	...	0.492	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.282	...	...	0.282	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	30,375	14,540	15,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	28,555	13,765	14,795	94.0	94.7	93.5
French only	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,750	745	1,005	5.8	5.1	6.3
Neither English nor French	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	30,375	14,540	15,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	29,980	14,365	15,615	98.7	98.8	98.6
French	300	130	165	1.0	0.9	1.0
English and French	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	30,375	14,540	15,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	29,740	14,205	15,535	97.9	97.7	98.1
Official languages	27,585	12,990	14,595	90.8	89.3	92.2
English	27,260	12,850	14,410	89.7	88.4	91.0
French	325	145	185	1.1	1.0	1.2
Non-official languages	2,155	1,215	945	7.1	8.4	6.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	185	85	100	0.6	0.6	0.6
Algonquian languages	180	85	100	0.6	0.6	0.6
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	180	85	95	0.6	0.6	0.6
Mi'kmaq	180	85	90	0.6	0.6	0.6
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,975	1,130	845	6.5	7.8	5.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	55	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	50	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	125	65	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	120	60	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	395	260	135	1.3	1.8	0.9
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	365	245	120	1.2	1.7	0.8
Tamil	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	970	560	410	3.2	3.9	2.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	790	475	310	2.6	3.3	2.0
Indo-Aryan languages	765	465	295	2.5	3.2	1.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	25	20	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	75	45	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hindi	135	90	45	0.4	0.6	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	460	270	190	1.5	1.9	1.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	320	165	150	1.1	1.1	0.9
Chinese languages	320	165	150	1.1	1.1	0.9
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	280	150	130	0.9	1.0	0.8
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	630	340	295	2.1	2.3	1.9
English and French	115	50	70	0.4	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	485	270	210	1.6	1.9	1.3
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	30,375	14,540	15,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	27,575	13,010	14,565	90.8	89.5	92.0
French	85	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official language	565	320	240	1.9	2.2	1.5
Indigenous³⁹	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	535	310	230	1.8	2.1	1.5
English and French	270	120	150	0.9	0.8	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	1,785	1,010	780	5.9	6.9	4.9
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	25	25	0.1	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	30,375	14,540	15,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	29,925	14,270	15,660	98.5	98.1	98.9
Official languages	28,660	13,535	15,120	94.4	93.1	95.5
English	28,555	13,490	15,065	94.0	92.8	95.2
French	105	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official languages	1,265	730	540	4.2	5.0	3.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mi'kmaq	65	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,200	695	505	4.0	4.8	3.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	85	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	250	165	85	0.8	1.1	0.5
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	235	160	75	0.8	1.1	0.5
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	535	305	225	1.8	2.1	1.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	495	290	200	1.6	2.0	1.3
Indo-Aryan languages	470	280	190	1.5	1.9	1.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	15	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	320	195	125	1.1	1.3	0.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	235	130	105	0.8	0.9	0.7
Chinese languages	235	130	105	0.8	0.9	0.7
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	220	125	95	0.7	0.9	0.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	445	280	175	1.5	1.9	1.1
English and French	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	385	250	145	1.3	1.7	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	30,375	14,545	15,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	28,540	13,570	14,970	94.0	93.3	94.6
English	560	320	240	1.8	2.2	1.5
French	215	90	130	0.7	0.6	0.8
Non-official language	785	395	390	2.6	2.7	2.5
Indigenous³⁹	185	85	105	0.6	0.6	0.7
Non-Indigenous	600	310	285	2.0	2.1	1.8
English and French	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	120	70	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	125	75	50	0.4	0.5	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	30,235	14,505	15,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	30,145	14,465	15,685	99.7	99.7	99.7
English	30,125	14,450	15,675	99.6	99.6	99.7
French	1,825	830	1,000	6.0	5.7	6.4
Non-official languages	3,270	1,750	1,515	10.8	12.1	9.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	445	220	220	1.5	1.5	1.4
Algonquian languages	445	220	220	1.5	1.5	1.4
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	440	220	220	1.5	1.5	1.4
Mi'kmaq	435	215	215	1.4	1.5	1.4
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,840	1,540	1,300	9.4	10.6	8.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	130	90	40	0.4	0.6	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	120	85	35	0.4	0.6	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	110	80	30	0.4	0.6	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	85	30	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	85	30	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	250	130	130	0.8	0.9	0.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	250	125	120	0.8	0.9	0.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	530	320	210	1.8	2.2	1.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	455	285	170	1.5	2.0	1.1
Tamil	70	50	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Telugu	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,515	850	665	5.0	5.9	4.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Irish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages	75	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	1,150	670	475	3.8	4.6	3.0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,125	660	465	3.7	4.6	3.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Gujarati	100	60	35	0.3	0.4	0.2
Hindi	850	515	335	2.8	3.6	2.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	615	360	255	2.0	2.5	1.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	90	35	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	180	100	80	0.6	0.7	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	70	45	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Portuguese	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	105	55	50	0.3	0.4	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	415	220	195	1.4	1.5	1.2
Chinese languages	405	215	190	1.3	1.5	1.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	380	205	175	1.3	1.4	1.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	75	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	30,235	14,505	15,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,995	995	1,000	6.6	6.9	6.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,960	970	985	6.5	6.7	6.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,610	835	775	5.3	5.8	4.9
Métis	350	145	205	1.2	1.0	1.3
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	28,240	13,510	14,730	93.4	93.1	93.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	30,235	14,505	15,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	1,390	730	660	4.6	5.0	4.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	28,850	13,775	15,075	95.4	95.0	95.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	14,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	8,015	...	...	56.7	...	...
Renter	5,785	...	...	40.9	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	325	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	14,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	285	...	...	2.0	...	...
Not condominium	13,845	...	...	98.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	14,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	75	...	...	0.5	...	...
1 bedroom	1,995	...	...	14.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,845	...	...	27.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,310	...	...	37.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,905	...	...	20.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	14,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,945	...	...	27.9	...	...
5 rooms	2,280	...	...	16.1	...	...
6 rooms	2,265	...	...	16.0	...	...
7 rooms	1,900	...	...	13.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,740	...	...	26.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	14,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,980	...	...	98.9	...	...
More than one person per room	145	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	14,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	13,495	...	...	95.5	...	...
Not suitable	635	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	14,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	5,690	...	...	40.3	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,330	...	...	30.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,480	...	...	10.5	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,025	...	...	7.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	360	...	...	2.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	400	...	...	2.8	...	...
2011 to 2015	395	...	...	2.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	455	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	14,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	12,930	...	...	91.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,200	...	...	8.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	14,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	8,420	...	...	59.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	5,055	...	...	35.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	655	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	14,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	555	...	...	3.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,900	...	...	13.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,795	...	...	12.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,045	...	...	14.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,860	...	...	20.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,805	...	...	19.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,550	...	...	11.0	...	...
85 years and over	620	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	13,715	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,840	...	...	79.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,875	...	...	21.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,595	...	...	18.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	14,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	4,230	...	...	29.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,460	...	...	17.4	...	...
Not suitable only	490	...	...	3.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	820	...	...	5.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	90	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	320	...	...	2.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	9,895	...	...	70.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	13,430	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,345	...	...	10.0	...	...
Not in core need	12,085	...	...	90.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,965	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	50.2	...	...	50.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.4	...	...	10.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	830	...	...	830	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	971	...	...	971	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	180,000	...	...	180,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	196,800	...	...	196,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,760	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	22.7	...	...	22.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	35.6	...	...	35.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	18.9	...	...	18.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	850	...	...	850	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	887	...	...	887	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	325	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	9.2	...	...	9.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	376	...	...	376	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	420	...	...	420	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	30,240	14,500	15,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,260	645	615	4.2	4.4	3.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,255	645	605	4.2	4.4	3.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,205	620	585	4.0	4.3	3.7
Métis single ancestry	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,135	520	610	3.8	3.6	3.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,105	510	595	3.7	3.5	3.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	835	385	445	2.8	2.7	2.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	265	120	145	0.9	0.8	0.9
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	27,840	13,335	14,505	92.1	92.0	92.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	30,240	14,505	15,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	27,915	13,190	14,730	92.3	90.9	93.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,790	2,560	2,230	15.8	17.6	14.2
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	23,125	10,630	12,490	76.5	73.3	79.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	2,325	1,310	1,005	7.7	9.0	6.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	30,240	14,505	15,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	27,310	12,865	14,440	90.3	88.7	91.8
Immigrants⁸¹	1,105	585	515	3.7	4.0	3.3
Before 1980	275	150	125	0.9	1.0	0.8
1980 to 1990	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
1991 to 2000	90	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
2001 to 2010	195	85	110	0.6	0.6	0.7
2011 to 2021⁸²	480	285	195	1.6	2.0	1.2
2011 to 2015	180	100	80	0.6	0.7	0.5
2016 to 2021	305	185	115	1.0	1.3	0.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	1,825	1,045	780	6.0	7.2	5.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,105	590	515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	135	75	55	12.2	12.7	10.7
5 to 14 years	170	100	70	15.4	16.9	13.6
15 to 24 years	205	100	105	18.6	16.9	20.4
25 to 44 years	535	280	260	48.4	47.5	50.5
45 years and over	50	30	25	4.5	5.1	4.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,105	590	515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	200	120	75	18.1	20.3	14.6
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.9
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
United States of America	140	90	45	12.7	15.3	8.7
Other places of birth in Americas	25	15	10	2.3	2.5	1.9
Europe	275	120	155	24.9	20.3	30.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	15	0	10	1.4	0.0	1.9
Greece	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	20	15	10	1.8	2.5	1.9
Netherlands	10	10	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
Poland	15	0	15	1.4	0.0	2.9
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	130	60	70	11.8	10.2	13.6
Other places of birth in Europe	55	20	30	5.0	3.4	5.8
Africa	100	70	35	9.0	11.9	6.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	20	10	10	1.8	1.7	1.9
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	20	10	15	1.8	1.7	2.9
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	30	15	3.6	5.1	2.9
Asia	530	275	250	48.0	46.6	48.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	25	10	10	2.3	1.7	1.9
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	120	55	60	10.9	9.3	11.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	175	90	80	15.8	15.3	15.5
Viet Nam	25	10	15	2.3	1.7	2.9
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	80	45	35	7.2	7.6	6.8
Pakistan	45	25	15	4.1	4.2	2.9
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	30	30	5.0	5.1	5.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	300	185	120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	30	20	0	10.0	10.8	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	10	0	5.0	5.4	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	30	20	10	10.0	10.8	8.3
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	15	10	10	5.0	5.4	8.3
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	3.3	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	30	15	15	10.0	8.1	12.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	15	10	10	5.0	5.4	8.3
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	10	0	10	3.3	0.0	8.3
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	220	135	80	73.3	73.0	66.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	45	25	20	15.0	13.5	16.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	55	40	15	18.3	21.6	12.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	80	50	25	26.7	27.0	20.8
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	30,235	14,505	15,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	3,115	1,730	1,385	10.3	11.9	8.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,755	845	910	5.8	5.8	5.8
Third generation or more¹⁰²	25,370	11,930	13,440	83.9	82.2	85.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	830	440	385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	555	310	245	66.9	70.5	63.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	265	170	95	31.9	38.6	24.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	290	135	150	34.9	30.7	39.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	210	100	115	25.3	22.7	29.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	60	30	25	7.2	6.8	6.5
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	830	440	385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	10	10	3.0	2.3	2.6
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	190	105	80	22.9	23.9	20.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	75	40	35	9.0	9.1	9.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	90	55	40	10.8	12.5	10.4
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	450	225	225	54.2	51.1	58.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	30,235	14,505	15,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	3,405	1,855	1,545	11.3	12.8	9.8
South Asian	1,575	910	660	5.2	6.3	4.2
Chinese	490	265	230	1.6	1.8	1.5
Black	660	355	305	2.2	2.4	1.9
Filipino	295	145	155	1.0	1.0	1.0
Arab	110	65	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
Latin American	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Southeast Asian	95	30	65	0.3	0.2	0.4
West Asian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	26,830	12,645	14,185	88.7	87.2	90.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	30,235	14,505	15,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	3,870	1,855	2,010	12.8	12.8	12.8
English	5,905	2,700	3,210	19.5	18.6	20.4
Irish	7,125	3,300	3,830	23.6	22.8	24.3
Scottish	11,470	5,285	6,185	37.9	36.4	39.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	4,445	2,120	2,330	14.7	14.6	14.8
German	1,030	485	550	3.4	3.3	3.5
Chinese	445	225	220	1.5	1.6	1.4
Italian	1,150	530	620	3.8	3.7	3.9
Indian (India)	1,060	590	470	3.5	4.1	3.0
Ukrainian	535	245	290	1.8	1.7	1.8
Dutch	375	175	200	1.2	1.2	1.3
Polish	835	395	435	2.8	2.7	2.8
Québécois	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	360	185	175	1.2	1.3	1.1
Filipino	245	120	125	0.8	0.8	0.8
French Canadian	80	35	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,210	585	625	4.0	4.0	4.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	475	245	225	1.6	1.7	1.4
Métis	345	155	190	1.1	1.1	1.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	725	380	345	2.4	2.6	2.2
Russian	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Norwegian	135	40	90	0.4	0.3	0.6
Welsh	495	205	290	1.6	1.4	1.8
Portuguese	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
American	50	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Spanish	105	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Swedish	105	30	70	0.3	0.2	0.4
Hungarian	170	100	70	0.6	0.7	0.4
Acadian	790	345	450	2.6	2.4	2.9
Pakistani	70	40	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	200	120	75	0.7	0.8	0.5
Jewish	65	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Punjabi	150	110	40	0.5	0.8	0.3
Vietnamese	80	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Greek	130	65	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Jamaican	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	235	135	100	0.8	0.9	0.6
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	50	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Lebanese	510	290	215	1.7	2.0	1.4
Iranian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	135	60	75	0.4	0.4	0.5
Danish	85	20	65	0.3	0.1	0.4
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	360	165	195	1.2	1.1	1.2
Sikh	135	100	35	0.4	0.7	0.2
Austrian	60	40	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Belgian	125	55	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	145	85	60	0.5	0.6	0.4
Mexican	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Finnish	40	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	1,180	585	595	3.9	4.0	3.8
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Colombian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Syrian	60	40	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Guyanese	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	95	55	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
Serbian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	45	10	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Newfoundlander	390	200	190	1.3	1.4	1.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nigerian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Lithuanian	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	460	200	260	1.5	1.4	1.7
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	125	65	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
African American	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	115	45	70	0.4	0.3	0.4
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	1,095	535	560	3.6	3.7	3.6
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	85	50	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maliseet	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	80	35	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	30,235	14,505	15,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	60	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Christian	20,775	9,440	11,335	68.7	65.1	72.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,015	520	495	3.4	3.6	3.1
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	1,500	710	790	5.0	4.9	5.0
Baptist	240	85	160	0.8	0.6	1.0
Catholic	13,875	6,320	7,555	45.9	43.6	48.0
Christian Orthodox	150	65	85	0.5	0.4	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latter Day Saints	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lutheran	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	165	55	115	0.5	0.4	0.7
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	100	35	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Presbyterian	705	320	385	2.3	2.2	2.4
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	1,730	730	1,005	5.7	5.0	6.4
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	1,185	565	615	3.9	3.9	3.9
Hindu	605	365	240	2.0	2.5	1.5
Jewish	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	330	195	140	1.1	1.3	0.9
Sikh	410	230	185	1.4	1.6	1.2
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	205	75	130	0.7	0.5	0.8
No religion and secular perspectives	7,740	4,115	3,625	25.6	28.4	23.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	29,970	14,370	15,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	26,060	12,380	13,680	87.0	86.2	87.7
Movers	3,910	1,990	1,915	13.0	13.8	12.3
Non-migrants	2,730	1,385	1,350	9.1	9.6	8.7
Migrants	1,180	605	570	3.9	4.2	3.7
Internal migrants	880	445	440	2.9	3.1	2.8
Intraprovincial migrants	345	155	185	1.2	1.1	1.2
Interprovincial migrants	540	290	250	1.8	2.0	1.6
External migrants	300	160	135	1.0	1.1	0.9
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	28,990	13,820	15,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	18,945	8,930	10,010	65.4	64.6	66.0
Movers	10,045	4,885	5,160	34.6	35.3	34.0
Non-migrants	6,015	2,730	3,275	20.7	19.8	21.6
Migrants	4,030	2,150	1,880	13.9	15.6	12.4
Internal migrants	2,090	1,055	1,030	7.2	7.6	6.8
Intraprovincial migrants	970	495	485	3.3	3.6	3.2
Interprovincial migrants	1,115	565	555	3.8	4.1	3.7
External migrants	1,945	1,095	845	6.7	7.9	5.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	26,190	12,355	13,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,565	2,330	2,235	17.4	18.9	16.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	21,630	10,030	11,605	82.6	81.2	83.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,515	7,270	8,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,475	785	690	9.5	10.8	8.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,040	6,490	7,555	90.5	89.3	91.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	26,190	12,355	13,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,000	1,965	2,035	15.3	15.9	14.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	7,455	3,500	3,955	28.5	28.3	28.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,735	6,890	7,845	56.3	55.8	56.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,395	3,915	4,480	32.1	31.7	32.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,270	1,730	540	8.7	14.0	3.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,260	815	440	4.8	6.6	3.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,010	915	95	3.9	7.4	0.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,145	1,775	3,375	19.6	14.4	24.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	980	410	570	3.7	3.3	4.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,340	2,975	3,365	24.2	24.1	24.3
Bachelor's degree	4,150	1,950	2,200	15.8	15.8	15.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	765	380	385	2.9	3.1	2.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	205	130	70	0.8	1.1	0.5
Master's degree	1,070	430	645	4.1	3.5	4.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	150	95	55	0.6	0.8	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,510	7,275	8,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,250	640	610	8.1	8.8	7.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,030	1,960	2,070	26.0	26.9	25.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,235	4,670	5,560	66.0	64.2	67.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,525	2,575	2,955	35.6	35.4	35.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,395	1,085	310	9.0	14.9	3.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	795	540	255	5.1	7.4	3.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	600	545	60	3.9	7.5	0.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,545	1,235	2,315	22.9	17.0	28.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	585	255	325	3.8	3.5	3.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,710	2,100	2,610	30.4	28.9	31.7
Bachelor's degree	3,090	1,405	1,690	19.9	19.3	20.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	550	275	280	3.5	3.8	3.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	160	95	70	1.0	1.3	0.8
Master's degree	800	280	520	5.2	3.8	6.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	100	50	50	0.6	0.7	0.6
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	26,195	12,355	13,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	11,455	5,465	5,995	43.7	44.2	43.3
Education	1,245	355	890	4.8	2.9	6.4
13. Education	1,245	355	890	4.8	2.9	6.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	220	125	95	0.8	1.0	0.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	40	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	175	85	90	0.7	0.7	0.7
Humanities	535	265	275	2.0	2.1	2.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	95	35	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	180	95	90	0.7	0.8	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	30	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
54. History	115	60	55	0.4	0.5	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,465	490	975	5.6	4.0	7.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	170	70	95	0.6	0.6	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	415	85	330	1.6	0.7	2.4
22. Legal professions and studies	240	105	135	0.9	0.8	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
42. Psychology	285	90	200	1.1	0.7	1.4
45. Social sciences	330	125	205	1.3	1.0	1.5
Business, management and public administration	3,320	1,140	2,185	12.7	9.2	15.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	270	75	195	1.0	0.6	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,050	1,065	1,985	11.6	8.6	14.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	490	235	260	1.9	1.9	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195	90	110	0.7	0.7	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	140	60	80	0.5	0.5	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
40. Physical sciences	110	75	35	0.4	0.6	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	420	250	170	1.6	2.0	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	365	235	130	1.4	1.9	0.9
25. Library science	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,075	2,825	255	11.7	22.9	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
14. Engineering	665	555	110	2.5	4.5	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	685	610	80	2.6	4.9	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	825	805	20	3.1	6.5	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	545	520	30	2.1	4.2	0.2
48. Precision production	320	310	15	1.2	2.5	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	55	85	0.5	0.4	0.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	70	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	30	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Health and related fields	2,710	490	2,215	10.3	4.0	16.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	70	45	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,560	395	2,165	9.8	3.2	15.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	80	55	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,115	665	450	4.3	5.4	3.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	610	215	395	2.3	1.7	2.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	165	130	35	0.6	1.1	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	330	310	15	1.3	2.5	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	15,515	7,270	8,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,275	2,595	2,680	34.0	35.7	32.5
Education	750	215	530	4.8	3.0	6.4
13. Education	750	215	530	4.8	3.0	6.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	185	105	80	1.2	1.4	1.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	160	85	80	1.0	1.2	1.0
Humanities	355	130	220	2.3	1.8	2.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	60	10	50	0.4	0.1	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	135	60	75	0.9	0.8	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
54. History	85	40	45	0.5	0.6	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,170	365	805	7.5	5.0	9.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	150	65	80	1.0	0.9	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	310	55	255	2.0	0.8	3.1
22. Legal professions and studies	190	70	115	1.2	1.0	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	230	65	170	1.5	0.9	2.1
45. Social sciences	265	85	185	1.7	1.2	2.2
Business, management and public administration	2,235	720	1,520	14.4	9.9	18.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	160	30	130	1.0	0.4	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,075	690	1,390	13.4	9.5	16.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	330	160	170	2.1	2.2	2.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	150	75	75	1.0	1.0	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	85	25	50	0.5	0.3	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	70	55	20	0.5	0.8	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	350	220	130	2.3	3.0	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	320	220	105	2.1	3.0	1.3
25. Library science	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,050	1,865	180	13.2	25.7	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
14. Engineering	525	435	85	3.4	6.0	1.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	385	330	55	2.5	4.5	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	575	560	20	3.7	7.7	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	370	350	20	2.4	4.8	0.2
48. Precision production	185	180	10	1.2	2.5	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	85	35	50	0.5	0.5	0.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	50	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Health and related fields	1,890	345	1,545	12.2	4.7	18.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	30	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,795	290	1,505	11.6	4.0	18.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	50	30	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	835	505	330	5.4	6.9	4.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	430	150	280	2.8	2.1	3.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	130	95	35	0.8	1.3	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	260	245	15	1.7	3.4	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	15,515	7,270	8,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,275	2,595	2,680	34.0	35.7	32.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	10,235	4,675	5,565	66.0	64.3	67.5
Location of study inside Canada	9,245	4,135	5,115	59.6	56.9	62.1
Same as province or territory of residence	7,965	3,485	4,480	51.3	47.9	54.4
Different than province or territory of residence	1,280	645	635	8.3	8.9	7.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	990	540	450	6.4	7.4	5.5
Americas	110	60	55	0.7	0.8	0.7
United States of America	105	55	55	0.7	0.8	0.7
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	110	55	50	0.7	0.8	0.6
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	35	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	725	395	335	4.7	5.4	4.1
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	95	45	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	130	65	70	0.8	0.9	0.8
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	435	260	175	2.8	3.6	2.1
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Oceania	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Australia	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	26,190	12,355	13,835	...	...	...
In the labour force	14,450	7,245	7,205	...	...	...
Employed	11,740	5,735	6,005	...	...	...
Unemployed	2,710	1,510	1,205	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	11,740	5,110	6,630	...	...	...
Participation rate	55.2	58.6	52.1	55.2	58.6	52.1
Employment rate	44.8	46.4	43.4	44.8	46.4	43.4
Unemployment rate	18.8	20.8	16.7	18.8	20.8	16.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	26,195	12,355	13,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	11,860	5,315	6,545	45.3	43.0	47.3
Worked	14,330	7,040	7,290	54.7	57.0	52.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	7,020	3,385	3,635	26.8	27.4	26.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	7,315	3,655	3,660	27.9	29.6	26.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.2	38.7	39.6	39.2	38.7	39.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	14,455	7,245	7,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	555	350	200	3.8	4.8	2.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	13,900	6,900	7,005	96.2	95.2	97.2
Employee	12,905	6,245	6,655	89.3	86.2	92.3
Permanent position	9,740	4,640	5,100	67.4	64.0	70.7
Temporary position	3,165	1,610	1,555	21.9	22.2	21.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	655	290	370	4.5	4.0	5.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,510	1,320	1,190	17.4	18.2	16.5
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,000	650	350	6.9	9.0	4.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	14,455	7,245	7,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	555	350	200	3.8	4.8	2.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	13,900	6,900	7,005	96.2	95.2	97.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	80	45	35	0.6	0.6	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,175	610	1,565	15.0	8.4	21.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	550	445	100	3.8	6.1	1.4
3 Health occupations	1,610	360	1,250	11.1	5.0	17.3
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,995	710	1,290	13.8	9.8	17.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	325	140	190	2.2	1.9	2.6
6 Sales and service occupations	4,875	2,475	2,395	33.7	34.2	33.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,800	1,675	130	12.5	23.1	1.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	245	230	15	1.7	3.2	0.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	250	215	35	1.7	3.0	0.5
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	14,455	7,245	7,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	555	350	200	3.8	4.8	2.8
All industries¹⁹¹	13,900	6,900	7,005	96.2	95.2	97.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	155	135	25	1.1	1.9	0.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	95	95	0	0.7	1.3	0.0
22 Utilities	80	65	15	0.6	0.9	0.2
23 Construction	765	675	95	5.3	9.3	1.3
31-33 Manufacturing	405	345	55	2.8	4.8	0.8
41 Wholesale trade	175	155	20	1.2	2.1	0.3
44-45 Retail trade	1,915	910	1,005	13.2	12.6	13.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	510	410	100	3.5	5.7	1.4
51 Information and cultural industries	160	85	80	1.1	1.2	1.1
52 Finance and insurance	265	105	165	1.8	1.4	2.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	105	75	30	0.7	1.0	0.4
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	580	330	250	4.0	4.6	3.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,135	650	485	7.9	9.0	6.7
61 Educational services	1,125	400	720	7.8	5.5	10.0
62 Health care and social assistance	2,610	625	1,990	18.1	8.6	27.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	340	170	170	2.4	2.3	2.4
72 Accommodation and food services	1,430	825	605	9.9	11.4	8.4
81 Other services (except public administration)	570	265	310	3.9	3.7	4.3
91 Public administration	1,470	595	875	10.2	8.2	12.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	15,675	7,780	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	15,085	7,500	7,585	96.2	96.4	96.0
French	80	30	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
Non-official language	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and French	235	90	145	1.5	1.2	1.8
English and non-official language(s)	260	155	105	1.7	2.0	1.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	15,675	7,780	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,595	7,745	7,850	99.5	99.6	99.4
Official languages	15,555	7,725	7,830	99.2	99.3	99.1
English	15,440	7,685	7,755	98.5	98.8	98.2
French	115	40	75	0.7	0.5	0.9
Non-official languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mi'kmaq	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	85	35	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
English and French	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	15,675	7,780	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	15,250	7,565	7,680	97.3	97.2	97.2
English	60	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
French	155	60	100	1.0	0.8	1.3
Non-official language	175	100	75	1.1	1.3	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	50	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-Indigenous	125	80	45	0.8	1.0	0.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	35	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	11,745	5,735	6,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,685	630	1,055	14.3	11.0	17.6
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,325	950	375	11.3	16.6	6.2
Usual place of work	8,720	4,145	4,575	74.2	72.3	76.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	8,725	4,145	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	7,935	3,780	4,155	90.9	91.2	90.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	210	100	110	2.4	2.4	2.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	190	80	110	2.2	1.9	2.4
Commute to a different province or territory	395	195	205	4.5	4.7	4.5
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	10,050	5,095	4,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	8,930	4,540	4,390	88.9	89.1	88.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,855	4,145	3,710	78.2	81.4	74.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,080	395	680	10.7	7.8	13.7
Public transit	295	180	120	2.9	3.5	2.4
Walked	505	215	290	5.0	4.2	5.9
Bicycle	40	40	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Other method	270	125	145	2.7	2.5	2.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	10,050	5,095	4,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	6,420	3,045	3,375	63.9	59.8	68.2
15 to 29 minutes	2,560	1,405	1,155	25.5	27.6	23.3
30 to 44 minutes	665	400	260	6.6	7.9	5.3
45 to 59 minutes	150	90	60	1.5	1.8	1.2
60 minutes and over	255	160	95	2.5	3.1	1.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	10,050	5,095	4,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	370	270	105	3.7	5.3	2.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,525	875	650	15.2	17.2	13.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,490	1,260	1,230	24.8	24.7	24.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,780	1,240	1,535	27.7	24.3	31.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,305	625	680	13.0	12.3	13.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,580	835	745	15.7	16.4	15.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	5,040	2,670	2,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	410	210	205	8.1	7.9	8.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,630	2,460	2,170	91.9	92.1	91.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,715	1,965	1,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	325	160	170	8.7	8.1	9.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	245	115	135	6.6	5.9	7.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	80	45	35	2.2	2.3	2.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,390	1,805	1,585	91.3	91.9	90.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 23, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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