Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Dore Lake, Northern hamlet (NH)More information: Saskatchewan [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	37
Population, 2016¹	30^r
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	23.3
Total private dwellings²	31
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	19
Population density per square kilometre	4.7
Land area in square kilometres	7.94
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	x
0 to 14 years	x
0 to 4 years	x
5 to 9 years	x
10 to 14 years	x
15 to 64 years	x
15 to 19 years	x
20 to 24 years	x
25 to 29 years	x
30 to 34 years	x
35 to 39 years	x
40 to 44 years	x
45 to 49 years	x
50 to 54 years	x
55 to 59 years	x
60 to 64 years	x
65 years and over	x
65 to 69 years	x
70 to 74 years	x
75 to 79 years	x
80 to 84 years	x
85 years and over	x
85 to 89 years	x
90 to 94 years	x
95 to 99 years	x
100 years and over	x
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	x
0 to 14 years	x
15 to 64 years	x
65 years and over	x
85 years and over	x
Average age of the population	x
Median age of the population	x
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	x
Single-detached house	x
Semi-detached house	x
Row house	x
Apartment or flat in a duplex	x
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	x
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	x
Other single-attached house	x
Movable dwelling⁴	x
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	x
1 person	x
2 persons	x
3 persons	x
4 persons	x
5 or more persons	x
Number of persons in private households	x
Average household size	x
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	x
Married or living common-law	x
Married	x
Living common-law	x
Living common law - Never married	x
Living common law - Separated	x
Living common law - Divorced	x
Living common law - Widowed	x
Not married and not living common-law	x
Not married and not living common law - Never married	x
Not married and not living common law - Separated	x
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	x
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	x
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	x
2 persons	x
3 persons	x
4 persons	x
5 or more persons	x
Average size of census families	x
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	x
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	x
Total couple families	x
Married couples	x
With children⁶	x
Without children	x
Common-law couples	x
With children⁶	x
Without children	x
Total one-parent families	x
in which the parent is a woman+	x
in which the parent is a man+	x
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	x
Total - Persons in census families	x
Married spouses or common-law partners	x
Parents in one-parent families	x
Children⁶	x
In a two-parent family	x
In a one-parent family	x
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	x
Living alone	x
Living with other relatives⁷	x
Living with non-relatives only	x
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	x
One-census-family households without additional persons	x
Couple-family households	x
With children⁶	x
Without children	x
One-parent-family households	x
Multigenerational households⁸	x
Multiple-census-family households⁹	x
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	x
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	x
One-person households	x
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	x
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	x
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	x
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	x
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	x
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	x
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	x
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	x
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	x
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	x
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	x
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	x
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	x
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	x
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	x
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	x
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	x
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	x
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	x
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	x
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	x
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	x
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	x
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	x
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	x
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	x
Market income (%)¹⁸	x
Employment income (%)¹⁹	x
Government transfers (%)²⁰	x
Employment insurance benefits (%)	x
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	x
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	x
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	x
Without total income	x
With total income	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x
$10,000 to $19,999	x
$20,000 to $29,999	x
$30,000 to $39,999	x
$40,000 to $49,999	x
$50,000 to $59,999	x
$60,000 to $69,999	x
$70,000 to $79,999	x
$80,000 to $89,999	x
$90,000 to $99,999	x
$100,000 and over	x
$100,000 to $149,999	x
$150,000 and over	x
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	x
Without after-tax income	x
With after-tax income	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x
$10,000 to $19,999	x
$20,000 to $29,999	x
$30,000 to $39,999	x
$40,000 to $49,999	x
$50,000 to $59,999	x
$60,000 to $69,999	x
$70,000 to $79,999	x
$80,000 to $89,999	x
$90,000 to $99,999	x
$100,000 and over	x
$100,000 to $124,999	x
$125,000 and over	x
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	x
Without employment income	x
With employment income	x
Under $5,000 (including loss)	x
$5,000 to $9,999	x
$10,000 to $19,999	x
$20,000 to $29,999	x
$30,000 to $39,999	x
$40,000 to $49,999	x
$50,000 to $59,999	x
$60,000 to $69,999	x
$70,000 to $79,999	x
$80,000 to $89,999	x
$90,000 to $99,999	x
$100,000 and over	x
$100,000 to $124,999	x
$125,000 and over	x
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	x
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	x
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	x
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	x
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	x
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	x
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	x
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	x
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	x
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	x
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	x
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	x
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	x
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	x
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	x
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	x
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	x
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	x
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	x
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	x
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	x
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	x
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	x
Market income (%)	x
Employment income (%)	x
Government transfers (%)	x
Employment insurance benefits (%)	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	x
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	x
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	x
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	x
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	x
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	x
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	x
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	x
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	x
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	x
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	x
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	x
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	x
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	x
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	x
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	x
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	x
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	x
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	x
Under $5,000	x
$5,000 to $9,999	x
$10,000 to $14,999	x
$15,000 to $19,999	x
$20,000 to $24,999	x
$25,000 to $29,999	x
$30,000 to $34,999	x
$35,000 to $39,999	x
$40,000 to $44,999	x
$45,000 to $49,999	x
$50,000 to $59,999	x
$60,000 to $69,999	x
$70,000 to $79,999	x
$80,000 to $89,999	x
$90,000 to $99,999	x
$100,000 and over	x
$100,000 to $124,999	x
$125,000 to $149,999	x
$150,000 to $199,999	x
$200,000 and over	x
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	x
Under $5,000	x
$5,000 to $9,999	x
$10,000 to $14,999	x
$15,000 to $19,999	x
$20,000 to $24,999	x
$25,000 to $29,999	x
$30,000 to $34,999	x
$35,000 to $39,999	x
$40,000 to $44,999	x
$45,000 to $49,999	x
$50,000 to $59,999	x
$60,000 to $69,999	x
$70,000 to $79,999	x
$80,000 to $89,999	x
$90,000 to $99,999	x
$100,000 and over	x
$100,000 to $124,999	x
$125,000 to $149,999	x
$150,000 and over	x
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	x
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	x
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	x
Average family size of economic families	x
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	x
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	x
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	x
Average family size of couple-only economic families	x
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	x
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	x
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	x
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	x
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	x
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x
Average family size of one-parent economic families	x
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	x
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	x
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	x
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	x
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	x
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	x
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	x
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	x
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	x
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	x
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	x
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	x
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	x
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	x
0 to 17 years	x
0 to 5 years	x
18 to 64 years	x
65 years and over	x
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	x
0 to 17 years	x
0 to 5 years	x
18 to 64 years	x
65 years and over	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	x
0 to 17 years (%)	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x
18 to 64 years (%)	x
65 years and over (%)	x
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	x
0 to 17 years	x
0 to 5 years	x
18 to 64 years	x
65 years and over	x
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	x
0 to 17 years	x
0 to 5 years	x
18 to 64 years	x
65 years and over	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x
0 to 17 years (%)	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x
18 to 64 years (%)	x
65 years and over (%)	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	x
In bottom half of the distribution	x
In bottom decile	x
In second decile	x
In third decile	x
In fourth decile	x
In fifth decile	x
In top half of the distribution	x
In sixth decile	x
In seventh decile	x
In eighth decile	x
In ninth decile	x
In top decile	x
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	x
Gini index on adjusted household total income	x
Gini index on adjusted household market income	x
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	x
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	x
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	x
English only	x
French only	x
English and French	x
Neither English nor French	x
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	x
English	x
French	x
English and French	x
Neither English nor French	x
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	x
Single responses	x
Official languages	x
English	x
French	x
Non-official languages	x
Indigenous languages³⁹	x
Algonquian languages	x
Blackfoot	x
Cree-Innu languages	x
Atikamekw	x
Cree languages	x
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	x
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	x
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	x
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	x
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	x
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	x
Cree, n.o.s.	x
Innu (Montagnais)	x
Naskapi	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	x
Mi'kmaq	x
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	x
Oji-Cree	x
Ojibway languages	x
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	x
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	x
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	x
Ojibway, n.o.s.	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x
Athabaskan languages	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	x
Dakelh (Carrier)	x
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	x
Dene, n.o.s.	x
Gwich'in	x
Slavey-Hare languages	x
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	x
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	x
Tahltan languages	x
Kaska (Nahani)	x
Tahltan	x
Tlicho (Dogrib)	x
Tse'khene (Sekani)	x
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	x
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	x
Tutchone languages	x
Northern Tutchone	x
Southern Tutchone	x
Tutchone, n.o.s.	x
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	x
Tlingit	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x
Haida	x
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x
Inuinnaqtun	x
Inuvialuktun	x
Inuktitut	x
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	x
Iroquoian languages	x
Cayuga	x
Mohawk	x
Oneida	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	x
Michif	x
Salish languages	x
Halkomelem	x
Lillooet	x
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	x
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	x
Squamish	x
Straits	x
Syilx (Okanagan)	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x
Siouan languages	x
Assiniboine	x
Dakota	x
Stoney	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x
Tsimshian languages	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x
Nisga'a	x
Tsimshian	x
Wakashan languages	x
Haisla	x
Heiltsuk	x
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	x
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	x
Non-Indigenous languages	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	x
Berber languages	x
Kabyle	x
Tamazight	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x
Chadic languages	x
Hausa	x
Mina	x
Coptic	x
Cushitic languages	x
Bilen	x
Oromo	x
Somali	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x
Semitic languages	x
Amharic	x
Arabic	x
Aramaic languages	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x
Aramaic, n.o.s.	x
Harari	x
Hebrew	x
Maltese	x
Tigrigna	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	x
Vietnamese	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	x
Austronesian languages	x
Bikol	x
Bisaya, n.o.s.	x
Cebuano	x
Fijian	x
Hiligaynon	x
Ilocano	x
Indonesian	x
Kankanaey	x
Kinaray-a	x
Malagasy languages	x
Merina	x
Malagasy, n.o.s.	x
Malay	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x
Pangasinan	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x
Waray-Waray	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x
Creole languages	x
Haitian Creole	x
Jamaican English Creole	x
Krio	x
Morisyen	x
Sango	x
Creole, n.o.s.	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x
Dravidian languages	x
Kannada	x
Malayalam	x
Tamil	x
Telugu	x
Tulu	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x
Georgian	x
Hmong-Mien languages	x
Indo-European languages	x
Albanian	x
Armenian	x
Balto-Slavic languages	x
Baltic languages	x
Latvian	x
Lithuanian	x
Slavic languages	x
Belarusian	x
Bulgarian	x
Czech	x
Macedonian	x
Polish	x
Russian	x
Rusyn	x
Serbo-Croatian	x
Bosnian	x
Croatian	x
Serbian	x
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	x
Slovak	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	x
Ukrainian	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x
Celtic languages	x
Irish	x
Scottish Gaelic	x
Welsh	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x
Germanic languages	x
Frisian	x
High German languages	x
German	x
Pennsylvania German	x
Swiss German	x
Yiddish	x
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	x
Afrikaans	x
Dutch	x
Low German, n.o.s.	x
Low Saxon	x
Plautdietsch	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	x
Scandinavian languages	x
Danish	x
Icelandic	x
Norwegian	x
Swedish	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x
Greek	x
Indo-Iranian languages	x
Indo-Aryan languages	x
Assamese	x
Bengali	x
Gujarati	x
Hindi	x
Kacchi	x
Kashmiri	x
Konkani	x
Marathi	x
Nepali	x
Oriya languages	x
Odia	x
Oriya, n.o.s.	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x
Rohingya	x
Sindhi	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x
Urdu	x
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	x
Iranian languages	x
Baluchi	x
Kurdish	x
Parsi	x
Pashto	x
Persian languages	x
Dari	x
Iranian Persian	x
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	x
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x
Italic (Romance) languages	x
Catalan	x
Italian	x
Portuguese	x
Romanian	x
Spanish	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	x
Japanese	x
Korean	x
Mongolian	x
Niger-Congo languages	x
Akan (Twi)	x
Bamanankan	x
Edo	x
Éwé	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x
Ga	x
Ganda	x
Gikuyu	x
Igbo	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x
Lingala	x
Luba-Kasai	x
Mòoré	x
Mwani	x
Ndebele	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	x
Shona	x
Soninke	x
Sotho-Tswana languages	x
Swahili	x
Wojenaka	x
Wolof	x
Yoruba	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	x
Dinka	x
Nuer	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x
African, n.o.s.	x
Sign languages	x
American Sign Language	x
Quebec Sign Language	x
Sign languages, n.i.e.	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	x
Chinese languages	x
Hakka	x
Mandarin	x
Min Dong	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	x
Yue (Cantonese)	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	x
Burmese	x
Kuki-Chin languages	x
Karenic languages	x
S'gaw Karen	x
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	x
Tibetan	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	x
Tai-Kadai languages	x
Lao	x
Thai	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	x
Turkic languages	x
Azerbaijani	x
Kazakh	x
Turkish	x
Uyghur	x
Uzbek	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x
Uralic languages	x
Estonian	x
Finnish	x
Hungarian	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	x
Multiple responses	x
English and French	x
English and non-official language(s)	x
French and non-official language(s)	x
English, French and non-official language(s)	x
Multiple non-official languages	x
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	x
English	x
French	x
Non-official language	x
Indigenous³⁹	x
Non-Indigenous	x
English and French	x
English and non-official language(s)	x
French and non-official language(s)	x
English, French and non-official language(s)	x
Multiple non-official languages	x
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	x
Single responses	x
Official languages	x
English	x
French	x
Non-official languages	x
Indigenous languages³⁹	x
Algonquian languages	x
Blackfoot	x
Cree-Innu languages	x
Atikamekw	x
Cree languages	x
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	x
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	x
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	x
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	x
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	x
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	x
Cree, n.o.s.	x
Innu (Montagnais)	x
Naskapi	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	x
Mi'kmaq	x
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	x
Oji-Cree	x
Ojibway languages	x
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	x
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	x
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	x
Ojibway, n.o.s.	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x
Athabaskan languages	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	x
Dakelh (Carrier)	x
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	x
Dene, n.o.s.	x
Gwich'in	x
Slavey-Hare languages	x
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	x
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	x
Tahltan languages	x
Kaska (Nahani)	x
Tahltan	x
Tlicho (Dogrib)	x
Tse'khene (Sekani)	x
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	x
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	x
Tutchone languages	x
Northern Tutchone	x
Southern Tutchone	x
Tutchone, n.o.s.	x
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	x
Tlingit	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x
Haida	x
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x
Inuinnaqtun	x
Inuvialuktun	x
Inuktitut	x
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	x
Iroquoian languages	x
Cayuga	x
Mohawk	x
Oneida	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	x
Michif	x
Salish languages	x
Halkomelem	x
Lillooet	x
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	x
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	x
Squamish	x
Straits	x
Syilx (Okanagan)	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x
Siouan languages	x
Assiniboine	x
Dakota	x
Stoney	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x
Tsimshian languages	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x
Nisga'a	x
Tsimshian	x
Wakashan languages	x
Haisla	x
Heiltsuk	x
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	x
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	x
Non-Indigenous languages	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	x
Berber languages	x
Kabyle	x
Tamazight	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x
Chadic languages	x
Hausa	x
Mina	x
Coptic	x
Cushitic languages	x
Bilen	x
Oromo	x
Somali	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x
Semitic languages	x
Amharic	x
Arabic	x
Aramaic languages	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x
Aramaic, n.o.s.	x
Harari	x
Hebrew	x
Maltese	x
Tigrigna	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	x
Vietnamese	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	x
Austronesian languages	x
Bikol	x
Bisaya, n.o.s.	x
Cebuano	x
Fijian	x
Hiligaynon	x
Ilocano	x
Indonesian	x
Kankanaey	x
Kinaray-a	x
Malagasy languages	x
Merina	x
Malagasy, n.o.s.	x
Malay	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x
Pangasinan	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x
Waray-Waray	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x
Creole languages	x
Haitian Creole	x
Jamaican English Creole	x
Krio	x
Morisyen	x
Sango	x
Creole, n.o.s.	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x
Dravidian languages	x
Kannada	x
Malayalam	x
Tamil	x
Telugu	x
Tulu	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x
Georgian	x
Hmong-Mien languages	x
Indo-European languages	x
Albanian	x
Armenian	x
Balto-Slavic languages	x
Baltic languages	x
Latvian	x
Lithuanian	x
Slavic languages	x
Belarusian	x
Bulgarian	x
Czech	x
Macedonian	x
Polish	x
Russian	x
Rusyn	x
Serbo-Croatian	x
Bosnian	x
Croatian	x
Serbian	x
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	x
Slovak	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	x
Ukrainian	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x
Celtic languages	x
Irish	x
Scottish Gaelic	x
Welsh	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x
Germanic languages	x
Frisian	x
High German languages	x
German	x
Pennsylvania German	x
Swiss German	x
Yiddish	x
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	x
Afrikaans	x
Dutch	x
Low German, n.o.s.	x
Low Saxon	x
Plautdietsch	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	x
Scandinavian languages	x
Danish	x
Icelandic	x
Norwegian	x
Swedish	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x
Greek	x
Indo-Iranian languages	x
Indo-Aryan languages	x
Assamese	x
Bengali	x
Gujarati	x
Hindi	x
Kacchi	x
Kashmiri	x
Konkani	x
Marathi	x
Nepali	x
Oriya languages	x
Odia	x
Oriya, n.o.s.	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x
Rohingya	x
Sindhi	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x
Urdu	x
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	x
Iranian languages	x
Baluchi	x
Kurdish	x
Parsi	x
Pashto	x
Persian languages	x
Dari	x
Iranian Persian	x
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	x
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x
Italic (Romance) languages	x
Catalan	x
Italian	x
Portuguese	x
Romanian	x
Spanish	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	x
Japanese	x
Korean	x
Mongolian	x
Niger-Congo languages	x
Akan (Twi)	x
Bamanankan	x
Edo	x
Éwé	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x
Ga	x
Ganda	x
Gikuyu	x
Igbo	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x
Lingala	x
Luba-Kasai	x
Mòoré	x
Mwani	x
Ndebele	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	x
Shona	x
Soninke	x
Sotho-Tswana languages	x
Swahili	x
Wojenaka	x
Wolof	x
Yoruba	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	x
Dinka	x
Nuer	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x
African, n.o.s.	x
Sign languages	x
American Sign Language	x
Quebec Sign Language	x
Sign languages, n.i.e.	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	x
Chinese languages	x
Hakka	x
Mandarin	x
Min Dong	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	x
Yue (Cantonese)	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	x
Burmese	x
Kuki-Chin languages	x
Karenic languages	x
S'gaw Karen	x
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	x
Tibetan	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	x
Tai-Kadai languages	x
Lao	x
Thai	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	x
Turkic languages	x
Azerbaijani	x
Kazakh	x
Turkish	x
Uyghur	x
Uzbek	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x
Uralic languages	x
Estonian	x
Finnish	x
Hungarian	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	x
Multiple responses	x
English and French	x
English and non-official language(s)	x
French and non-official language(s)	x
English, French and non-official language(s)	x
Multiple non-official languages	x
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	x
None	x
English	x
French	x
Non-official language	x
Indigenous³⁹	x
Non-Indigenous	x
English and French	x
English and non-official language(s)	x
French and non-official language(s)	x
English, French and non-official language(s)	x
Multiple non-official languages	x
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	x
Official languages	x
English	x
French	x
Non-official languages	x
Indigenous languages³⁹	x
Algonquian languages	x
Blackfoot	x
Cree-Innu languages	x
Atikamekw	x
Cree languages	x
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	x
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	x
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	x
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	x
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	x
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	x
Cree, n.o.s.	x
Innu (Montagnais)	x
Naskapi	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	x
Mi'kmaq	x
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	x
Oji-Cree	x
Ojibway languages	x
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	x
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	x
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	x
Ojibway, n.o.s.	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x
Athabaskan languages	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	x
Dakelh (Carrier)	x
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	x
Dene, n.o.s.	x
Gwich'in	x
Slavey-Hare languages	x
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	x
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	x
Tahltan languages	x
Kaska (Nahani)	x
Tahltan	x
Tlicho (Dogrib)	x
Tse'khene (Sekani)	x
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	x
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	x
Tutchone languages	x
Northern Tutchone	x
Southern Tutchone	x
Tutchone, n.o.s.	x
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	x
Tlingit	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x
Haida	x
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x
Inuinnaqtun	x
Inuvialuktun	x
Inuktitut	x
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	x
Iroquoian languages	x
Cayuga	x
Mohawk	x
Oneida	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	x
Michif	x
Salish languages	x
Halkomelem	x
Lillooet	x
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	x
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	x
Squamish	x
Straits	x
Syilx (Okanagan)	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x
Siouan languages	x
Assiniboine	x
Dakota	x
Stoney	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x
Tsimshian languages	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x
Nisga'a	x
Tsimshian	x
Wakashan languages	x
Haisla	x
Heiltsuk	x
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	x
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	x
Non-Indigenous languages	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	x
Berber languages	x
Kabyle	x
Tamazight	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x
Chadic languages	x
Hausa	x
Mina	x
Coptic	x
Cushitic languages	x
Bilen	x
Oromo	x
Somali	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x
Semitic languages	x
Amharic	x
Arabic	x
Aramaic languages	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x
Aramaic, n.o.s.	x
Harari	x
Hebrew	x
Maltese	x
Tigrigna	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	x
Vietnamese	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	x
Austronesian languages	x
Bikol	x
Bisaya, n.o.s.	x
Cebuano	x
Fijian	x
Hiligaynon	x
Ilocano	x
Indonesian	x
Kankanaey	x
Kinaray-a	x
Malagasy languages	x
Merina	x
Malagasy, n.o.s.	x
Malay	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x
Pangasinan	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x
Waray-Waray	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x
Creole languages	x
Haitian Creole	x
Jamaican English Creole	x
Krio	x
Morisyen	x
Sango	x
Creole, n.o.s.	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x
Dravidian languages	x
Kannada	x
Malayalam	x
Tamil	x
Telugu	x
Tulu	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x
Georgian	x
Hmong-Mien languages	x
Indo-European languages	x
Albanian	x
Armenian	x
Balto-Slavic languages	x
Baltic languages	x
Latvian	x
Lithuanian	x
Slavic languages	x
Belarusian	x
Bulgarian	x
Czech	x
Macedonian	x
Polish	x
Russian	x
Rusyn	x
Serbo-Croatian	x
Bosnian	x
Croatian	x
Serbian	x
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	x
Slovak	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	x
Ukrainian	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x
Celtic languages	x
Irish	x
Scottish Gaelic	x
Welsh	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x
Germanic languages	x
Frisian	x
High German languages	x
German	x
Pennsylvania German	x
Swiss German	x
Yiddish	x
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	x
Afrikaans	x
Dutch	x
Low German, n.o.s.	x
Low Saxon	x
Plautdietsch	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	x
Scandinavian languages	x
Danish	x
Icelandic	x
Norwegian	x
Swedish	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x
Greek	x
Indo-Iranian languages	x
Indo-Aryan languages	x
Assamese	x
Bengali	x
Gujarati	x
Hindi	x
Kacchi	x
Kashmiri	x
Konkani	x
Marathi	x
Nepali	x
Oriya languages	x
Odia	x
Oriya, n.o.s.	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x
Rohingya	x
Sindhi	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x
Urdu	x
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	x
Iranian languages	x
Baluchi	x
Kurdish	x
Parsi	x
Pashto	x
Persian languages	x
Dari	x
Iranian Persian	x
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	x
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x
Italic (Romance) languages	x
Catalan	x
Italian	x
Portuguese	x
Romanian	x
Spanish	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	x
Japanese	x
Korean	x
Mongolian	x
Niger-Congo languages	x
Akan (Twi)	x
Bamanankan	x
Edo	x
Éwé	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x
Ga	x
Ganda	x
Gikuyu	x
Igbo	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x
Lingala	x
Luba-Kasai	x
Mòoré	x
Mwani	x
Ndebele	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	x
Shona	x
Soninke	x
Sotho-Tswana languages	x
Swahili	x
Wojenaka	x
Wolof	x
Yoruba	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	x
Dinka	x
Nuer	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x
African, n.o.s.	x
Sign languages	x
American Sign Language	x
Quebec Sign Language	x
Sign languages, n.i.e.	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	x
Chinese languages	x
Hakka	x
Mandarin	x
Min Dong	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	x
Yue (Cantonese)	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	x
Burmese	x
Kuki-Chin languages	x
Karenic languages	x
S'gaw Karen	x
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	x
Tibetan	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	x
Tai-Kadai languages	x
Lao	x
Thai	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	x
Turkic languages	x
Azerbaijani	x
Kazakh	x
Turkish	x
Uyghur	x
Uzbek	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x
Uralic languages	x
Estonian	x
Finnish	x
Hungarian	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	x
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	x
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	x
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	x
First Nations (North American Indian)	x
Métis	x
Inuk (Inuit)	x
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	x
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	x
Non-Indigenous identity	x
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	x
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	x
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	x
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	x
Owner	x
Renter	x
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	x
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	x
Condominium	x
Not condominium	x
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	x
No bedrooms	x
1 bedroom	x
2 bedrooms	x
3 bedrooms	x
4 or more bedrooms	x
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	x
1 to 4 rooms	x
5 rooms	x
6 rooms	x
7 rooms	x
8 or more rooms	x
Average number of rooms per dwelling	x
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	x
One person or fewer per room	x
More than one person per room	x
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	x
Suitable	x
Not suitable	x
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	x
1960 or before	x
1961 to 1980	x
1981 to 1990	x
1991 to 2000	x
2001 to 2005	x
2006 to 2010	x
2011 to 2015	x
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	x
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	x
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	x
Major repairs needed	x
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	x
One-maintainer household	x
Two-maintainer household	x
Three-or-more-maintainer household	x
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	x
15 to 24 years	x
25 to 34 years	x
35 to 44 years	x
45 to 54 years	x
55 to 64 years	x
65 to 74 years	x
75 to 84 years	x
85 years and over	x
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	x
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	x
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	x
30% to less than 100%	x
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	x
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	x
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	x
Not suitable only	x
Major repairs needed only	x
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	x
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	x
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	x
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	x
Acceptable housing	x
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	x
In core need	x
Not in core need	x
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	x
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	x
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	x
% in core housing need⁶³	x
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	x
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	x
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	x
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	x
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	x
% in core housing need⁶³	x
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	x
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	x
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	x
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	x
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	x
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	x
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	x
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	x
Métis single ancestry	x
Inuit single ancestry	x
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	x
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	x
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	x
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	x
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	x
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	x
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	x
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	x
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	x
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	x
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	x
Canadian citizens aged under 18	x
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	x
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	x
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	x
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	x
Immigrants⁸¹	x
Before 1980	x
1980 to 1990	x
1991 to 2000	x
2001 to 2010	x
2011 to 2021⁸²	x
2011 to 2015	x
2016 to 2021	x
Non-permanent residents⁸³	x
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	x
Under 5 years	x
5 to 14 years	x
15 to 24 years	x
25 to 44 years	x
45 years and over	x
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	x
Americas	x
Brazil	x
Colombia	x
El Salvador	x
Guyana	x
Haiti	x
Jamaica	x
Mexico	x
Peru	x
Trinidad and Tobago	x
United States of America	x
Other places of birth in Americas	x
Europe	x
Bosnia and Herzegovina	x
Croatia	x
France	x
Germany	x
Greece	x
Hungary	x
Italy	x
Netherlands	x
Poland	x
Portugal	x
Romania	x
Russian Federation	x
Serbia⁸⁶	x
Ukraine	x
United Kingdom⁸⁷	x
Other places of birth in Europe	x
Africa	x
Algeria	x
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	x
Egypt	x
Eritrea	x
Ethiopia	x
Morocco	x
Nigeria	x
Somalia	x
South Africa, Republic of	x
Other places of birth in Africa	x
Asia	x
Afghanistan	x
Iran⁸⁸	x
Iraq	x
Lebanon	x
Syria⁸⁹	x
Turkey	x
China⁹⁰	x
Hong Kong⁹¹	x
Korea, South⁹²	x
Taiwan	x
Philippines	x
Viet Nam	x
Bangladesh	x
India	x
Pakistan	x
Sri Lanka	x
Other places of birth in Asia	x
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	x
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	x
Americas	x
Brazil	x
Colombia	x
Haiti	x
Jamaica	x
Mexico	x
United States of America	x
Venezuela⁹⁵	x
Other places of birth in Americas	x
Europe	x
France	x
Germany	x
Ireland⁹⁶	x
Italy	x
Russian Federation	x
Ukraine	x
United Kingdom⁸⁷	x
Other places of birth in Europe	x
Africa	x
Algeria	x
Burundi	x
Cameroon	x
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	x
Côte d'Ivoire	x
Egypt	x
Eritrea	x
Ethiopia	x
Morocco	x
Nigeria	x
Somalia	x
South Africa, Republic of	x
Sudan⁹⁷	x
Tunisia	x
Other places of birth in Africa	x
Asia	x
Afghanistan	x
Bangladesh	x
China⁹⁰	x
Hong Kong⁹¹	x
India	x
Iran⁸⁸	x
Iraq	x
Israel	x
Japan	x
Jordan	x
Korea, South⁹²	x
Lebanon	x
Nepal	x
Pakistan	x
Philippines	x
Saudi Arabia	x
Sri Lanka	x
Syria⁸⁹	x
Turkey	x
United Arab Emirates	x
Viet Nam	x
Other places of birth in Asia	x
Oceania and other⁹³	x
Australia	x
Other places of birth⁹⁸	x
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	x
First generation¹⁰⁰	x
Second generation¹⁰¹	x
Third generation or more¹⁰²	x
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	x
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	x
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	x
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	x
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	x
Refugees¹⁰⁸	x
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	x
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	x
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	x
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	x
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	x
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	x
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	x
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	x
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	x
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	x
South Asian	x
Chinese	x
Black	x
Filipino	x
Arab	x
Latin American	x
Southeast Asian	x
West Asian	x
Korean	x
Japanese	x
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	x
Multiple visible minorities	x
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	x
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	x
Canadian	x
English	x
Irish	x
Scottish	x
French, n.o.s.¹²²	x
German	x
Chinese	x
Italian	x
Indian (India)	x
Ukrainian	x
Dutch	x
Polish	x
Québécois	x
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	x
Filipino	x
French Canadian	x
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	x
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	x
Métis	x
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	x
Russian	x
Norwegian	x
Welsh	x
Portuguese	x
American	x
Spanish	x
Swedish	x
Hungarian	x
Acadian	x
Pakistani	x
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	x
Jewish	x
Punjabi	x
Vietnamese	x
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	x
Greek	x
Jamaican	x
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	x
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	x
Korean	x
Romanian	x
Lebanese	x
Iranian	x
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	x
Danish	x
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	x
Sikh	x
Austrian	x
Belgian	x
Haitian	x
Hindu	x
Mexican	x
Mennonite	x
Swiss	x
Finnish	x
Sri Lankan	x
Croatian	x
Japanese	x
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	x
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	x
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	x
Muslim	x
Egyptian	x
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	x
Tamil	x
Icelandic	x
Colombian	x
Moroccan	x
Czech	x
Syrian	x
Guyanese	x
Afghan	x
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	x
Serbian	x
Ojibway	x
Newfoundlander	x
Hong Konger	x
Ontarian	x
Persian	x
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	x
Turkish	x
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	x
Bangladeshi	x
Algerian	x
Brazilian	x
Nigerian	x
Armenian	x
Slovak	x
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	x
Somali	x
Taiwanese	x
Iraqi	x
Salvadorean	x
African Caribbean	x
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	x
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	x
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	x
Algonquin	x
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	x
Lithuanian	x
South African	x
Australian	x
Palestinian	x
Chilean	x
Congolese	x
Nova Scotian	x
Ethiopian	x
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	x
Peruvian	x
Yoruba	x
Cambodian (Khmer)	x
Berber	x
Albanian	x
Maltese	x
Macedonian	x
Slovenian	x
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	x
New Brunswicker	x
Gujarati	x
Eritrean	x
African Canadian	x
Israeli	x
Mohawk	x
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	x
Bulgarian	x
Albertan	x
Ghanaian	x
Barbadian	x
African American	x
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	x
Tunisian	x
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	x
Cuban	x
Bosnian	x
Venezuelan	x
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	x
Latvian	x
Bengali	x
Cameroonian	x
Guatemalan	x
Indonesian	x
Laotian	x
Ilocano	x
Northern Irish	x
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	x
British Columbian	x
Ecuadorian	x
Franco Ontarian	x
Argentinian	x
Estonian	x
Kurdish	x
Fijian	x
Jatt	x
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	x
Coptic	x
Thai	x
Dominican	x
Nepali	x
Kabyle	x
Assyrian	x
Igbo	x
Byelorussian	x
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	x
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	x
Abenaki	x
Moldovan	x
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	x
New Zealander	x
Sudanese	x
Breton	x
Pennsylvania Dutch	x
Malaysian	x
Plains Cree	x
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	x
Huron (Wendat)	x
Saskatchewanian	x
Buddhist	x
Gaspesian	x
Norman	x
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	x
Ivorian	x
Saulteaux	x
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	x
Burundian	x
Tigrinya	x
Nicaraguan	x
Mauritian	x
Kenyan	x
Oji-Cree	x
Vincentian	x
Jordanian	x
Manitoban	x
Cape Bretoner	x
Rwandan	x
Grenadian	x
Malayali	x
Chaldean	x
Sinhalese	x
Mayan	x
Honduran	x
Cherokee	x
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	x
Indo-Caribbean	x
Flemish	x
United Empire Loyalist	x
Senegalese	x
Azerbaijani	x
Sicilian	x
Pashtun	x
Malay	x
Goan	x
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	x
Tibetan	x
Zimbabwean	x
Burmese	x
Mongolian	x
Azorean	x
Atikamekw	x
Bamileke	x
Indo-Guyanese	x
Ugandan	x
Oromo	x
Tanzanian	x
Yemeni	x
Central African	x
Libyan	x
Basque	x
Uruguayan	x
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	x
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	x
Igorot	x
Fulani	x
Woodland Cree	x
Guinean	x
St. Lucian	x
Prince Edward Islander	x
Maliseet	x
Beninese	x
Telugu	x
Roma	x
Costa Rican	x
African Nova Scotian	x
Malagasy	x
Kashmiri	x
Singaporean	x
Karen	x
Edo	x
Tajik	x
Amhara	x
Paraguayan	x
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	x
Buddhist	x
Christian	x
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	x
Anabaptist	x
Anglican	x
Baptist	x
Catholic	x
Christian Orthodox	x
Jehovah's Witness	x
Latter Day Saints	x
Lutheran	x
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	x
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	x
Presbyterian	x
Reformed	x
United Church	x
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	x
Hindu	x
Jewish	x
Muslim	x
Sikh	x
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	x
Other religions and spiritual traditions	x
No religion and secular perspectives	x
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	x
Non-movers	x
Movers	x
Non-migrants	x
Migrants	x
Internal migrants	x
Intraprovincial migrants	x
Interprovincial migrants	x
External migrants	x
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	x
Non-movers	x
Movers	x
Non-migrants	x
Migrants	x
Internal migrants	x
Intraprovincial migrants	x
Interprovincial migrants	x
External migrants	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	x
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	x
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	x
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	x
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	x
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	x
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	x
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	x
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	x
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	x
Bachelor's degree or higher	x
Bachelor's degree	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	x
Master's degree	x
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	x
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	x
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	x
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	x
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	x
Bachelor's degree or higher	x
Bachelor's degree	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	x
Master's degree	x
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	x
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	x
Education	x
13. Education	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	x
50. Visual and performing arts	x
Humanities	x
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	x
23. English language and literature/letters	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	x
54. History	x
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	x
22. Legal professions and studies	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	x
42. Psychology	x
45. Social sciences	x
Business, management and public administration	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	x
40. Physical sciences	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	x
25. Library science	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	x
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	x
04. Architecture and related services	x
14. Engineering	x
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	x
46. Construction trades	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	x
48. Precision production	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	x
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	x
Health and related fields	x
30.37 Design for human health	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	x
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	x
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	x
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	x
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	x
43. Security and protective services	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	x
Other¹⁷⁹	x
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	x
Education	x
13. Education	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	x
50. Visual and performing arts	x
Humanities	x
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	x
23. English language and literature/letters	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	x
54. History	x
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	x
22. Legal professions and studies	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	x
42. Psychology	x
45. Social sciences	x
Business, management and public administration	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	x
40. Physical sciences	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	x
25. Library science	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	x
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	x
04. Architecture and related services	x
14. Engineering	x
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	x
46. Construction trades	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	x
48. Precision production	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	x
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	x
Health and related fields	x
30.37 Design for human health	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	x
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	x
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	x
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	x
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	x
43. Security and protective services	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	x
Other¹⁷⁹	x
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	x
Location of study inside Canada	x
Same as province or territory of residence	x
Different than province or territory of residence	x
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	x
Americas	x
United States of America	x
Mexico	x
Cuba	x
Haiti	x
Jamaica	x
Brazil	x
Colombia	x
Peru	x
Venezuela⁹⁵	x
Other locations of study in Americas	x
Europe	x
Belgium	x
France	x
Germany	x
Netherlands	x
Switzerland	x
Hungary	x
Moldova¹⁸³	x
Poland	x
Romania	x
Russian Federation	x
Ukraine	x
Ireland⁹⁶	x
United Kingdom⁸⁷	x
Bosnia and Herzegovina	x
Italy	x
Serbia⁸⁶	x
Other locations of study in Europe	x
Africa	x
Nigeria	x
Algeria	x
Morocco	x
Tunisia	x
Egypt	x
South Africa, Republic of	x
Other locations of study in Africa	x
Asia	x
Iran⁸⁸	x
Iraq	x
Israel	x
Lebanon	x
Syria⁸⁹	x
Turkey	x
China⁹⁰	x
Taiwan	x
Hong Kong⁹¹	x
Japan	x
Korea, South⁹²	x
Philippines	x
Viet Nam	x
Bangladesh	x
Sri Lanka	x
India	x
Pakistan	x
Other locations of study in Asia	x
Oceania	x
Australia	x
New Zealand	x
Other locations of study in Oceania	x
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	x
In the labour force	x
Employed	x
Unemployed	x
Not in the labour force	x
Participation rate	x
Employment rate	x
Unemployment rate	x
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	x
Did not work¹⁸⁶	x
Worked	x
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	x
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	x
Average weeks worked in reference year	x
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	x
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	x
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	x
Employee	x
Permanent position	x
Temporary position	x
Fixed term (1 year or more)	x
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	x
Self-employed¹⁹²	x
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	x
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	x
All occupations¹⁹¹	x
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	x
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	x
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	x
3 Health occupations	x
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	x
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	x
6 Sales and service occupations	x
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	x
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	x
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	x
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	x
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	x
All industries¹⁹¹	x
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	x
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	x
22 Utilities	x
23 Construction	x
31-33 Manufacturing	x
41 Wholesale trade	x
44-45 Retail trade	x
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	x
51 Information and cultural industries	x
52 Finance and insurance	x
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	x
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	x
55 Management of companies and enterprises	x
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	x
61 Educational services	x
62 Health care and social assistance	x
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	x
72 Accommodation and food services	x
81 Other services (except public administration)	x
91 Public administration	x
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	x
English	x
French	x
Non-official language	x
Indigenous³⁹	x
Non-Indigenous	x
English and French	x
English and non-official language(s)	x
French and non-official language(s)	x
English, French and non-official language(s)	x
Multiple non-official languages	x
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	x
Single responses	x
Official languages	x
English	x
French	x
Non-official languages	x
Indigenous languages³⁹	x
Algonquian languages	x
Blackfoot	x
Cree-Innu languages	x
Atikamekw	x
Cree languages	x
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	x
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	x
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	x
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	x
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	x
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	x
Cree, n.o.s.	x
Innu (Montagnais)	x
Naskapi	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	x
Mi'kmaq	x
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	x
Oji-Cree	x
Ojibway languages	x
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	x
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	x
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	x
Ojibway, n.o.s.	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x
Athabaskan languages	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	x
Dakelh (Carrier)	x
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	x
Dene, n.o.s.	x
Gwich'in	x
Slavey-Hare languages	x
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	x
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	x
Tahltan languages	x
Tlicho (Dogrib)	x
Tse'khene (Sekani)	x
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	x
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	x
Tutchone languages	x
Northern Tutchone	x
Southern Tutchone	x
Tutchone, n.o.s.	x
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	x
Tlingit	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x
Haida	x
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x
Inuinnaqtun	x
Inuvialuktun	x
Inuktitut	x
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	x
Iroquoian languages	x
Mohawk	x
Oneida	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	x
Michif	x
Salish languages	x
Halkomelem	x
Lillooet	x
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	x
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	x
Squamish	x
Straits	x
Syilx (Okanagan)	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x
Siouan languages	x
Assiniboine	x
Dakota	x
Stoney	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x
Tsimshian languages	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x
Nisga'a	x
Tsimshian	x
Wakashan languages	x
Haisla	x
Heiltsuk	x
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	x
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	x
Non-Indigenous languages	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	x
Berber languages	x
Kabyle	x
Tamazight	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x
Chadic languages	x
Coptic	x
Cushitic languages	x
Bilen	x
Oromo	x
Somali	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x
Semitic languages	x
Amharic	x
Arabic	x
Aramaic languages	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x
Aramaic, n.o.s.	x
Hebrew	x
Tigrigna	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	x
Vietnamese	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x
Austronesian languages	x
Bikol	x
Bisaya, n.o.s.	x
Cebuano	x
Hiligaynon	x
Ilocano	x
Indonesian	x
Kankanaey	x
Malagasy languages	x
Malay	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x
Pangasinan	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x
Creole languages	x
Haitian Creole	x
Jamaican English Creole	x
Morisyen	x
Creole, n.o.s.	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x
Dravidian languages	x
Kannada	x
Malayalam	x
Tamil	x
Telugu	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x
Georgian	x
Indo-European languages	x
Albanian	x
Armenian	x
Balto-Slavic languages	x
Baltic languages	x
Latvian	x
Lithuanian	x
Slavic languages	x
Bulgarian	x
Czech	x
Macedonian	x
Polish	x
Russian	x
Serbo-Croatian	x
Bosnian	x
Croatian	x
Serbian	x
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	x
Slovak	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	x
Ukrainian	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x
Celtic languages	x
Scottish Gaelic	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x
Germanic languages	x
Frisian	x
High German languages	x
German	x
Pennsylvania German	x
Swiss German	x
Yiddish	x
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	x
Afrikaans	x
Dutch	x
Low German, n.o.s.	x
Low Saxon	x
Plautdietsch	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	x
Scandinavian languages	x
Danish	x
Icelandic	x
Norwegian	x
Swedish	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x
Greek	x
Indo-Iranian languages	x
Indo-Aryan languages	x
Bengali	x
Gujarati	x
Hindi	x
Kacchi	x
Marathi	x
Nepali	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x
Sindhi	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x
Urdu	x
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	x
Iranian languages	x
Kurdish	x
Pashto	x
Persian languages	x
Dari	x
Iranian Persian	x
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	x
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x
Italic (Romance) languages	x
Catalan	x
Italian	x
Portuguese	x
Romanian	x
Spanish	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	x
Japanese	x
Korean	x
Mongolian	x
Niger-Congo languages	x
Akan (Twi)	x
Edo	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x
Ga	x
Ganda	x
Igbo	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x
Lingala	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	x
Shona	x
Swahili	x
Wolof	x
Yoruba	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	x
Dinka	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x
Sign languages	x
American Sign Language	x
Quebec Sign Language	x
Sign languages, n.i.e.	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	x
Chinese languages	x
Hakka	x
Mandarin	x
Min Dong	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	x
Yue (Cantonese)	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	x
Burmese	x
Karenic languages	x
S'gaw Karen	x
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	x
Tibetan	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	x
Tai-Kadai languages	x
Lao	x
Thai	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	x
Turkic languages	x
Azerbaijani	x
Turkish	x
Uyghur	x
Uzbek	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x
Uralic languages	x
Estonian	x
Finnish	x
Hungarian	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	x
Multiple responses	x
English and French	x
English and non-official language(s)	x
French and non-official language(s)	x
English, French and non-official language(s)	x
Multiple non-official languages	x
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	x
None	x
English	x
French	x
Non-official language	x
Indigenous³⁹	x
Non-Indigenous	x
English and French	x
English and non-official language(s)	x
French and non-official language(s)	x
English, French and non-official language(s)	x
Multiple non-official languages	x
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	x
Worked at home	x
Worked outside Canada	x
No fixed workplace address	x
Usual place of work	x
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	x
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	x
Commute to a different province or territory	x
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	x
Car, truck or van	x
Car, truck or van - as a driver	x
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	x
Public transit	x
Walked	x
Bicycle	x
Other method	x
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	x
Less than 15 minutes	x
15 to 29 minutes	x
30 to 44 minutes	x
45 to 59 minutes	x
60 minutes and over	x
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	x
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	x
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	x
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	x
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	x
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	x
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	x
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	x
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	x
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	x
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	x
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	x
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	x
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	x
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	x

Symbol legend

^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed January 16, 2026).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2025-12-10

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Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
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