Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	ErinMore information: Ontario [Population centre]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,725	...	...
Population, 2016¹	2,647	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	2.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,035	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,008	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	664.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4.10	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,720	1,395	1,330
0 to 14 years	430	225	205
0 to 4 years	115	55	50
5 to 9 years	150	90	65
10 to 14 years	170	80	85
15 to 64 years	1,880	965	915
15 to 19 years	170	110	60
20 to 24 years	155	80	75
25 to 29 years	125	65	65
30 to 34 years	170	80	85
35 to 39 years	150	70	85
40 to 44 years	175	95	75
45 to 49 years	210	100	110
50 to 54 years	220	110	115
55 to 59 years	270	135	140
60 to 64 years	225	120	105
65 years and over	415	205	215
65 to 69 years	155	80	70
70 to 74 years	130	65	70
75 to 79 years	65	30	30
80 to 84 years	40	15	20
85 years and over	30	10	20
85 to 89 years	20	5	15
90 to 94 years	5	5	5
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.8	16.1	15.4
15 to 64 years	69.1	69.2	68.8
65 years and over	15.3	14.7	16.2
85 years and over	1.1	0.7	1.5
Average age of the population	41.8	40.8	42.7
Median age of the population	44.4	43.2	45.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,010	...	...
Single-detached house	855	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...
Row house	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	80	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	25	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,005	...	...
1 person	210	...	...
2 persons	335	...	...
3 persons	170	...	...
4 persons	195	...	...
5 or more persons	100	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,720	1,395	1,330
Average household size	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,295	1,165	1,125
Married or living common-law	1,415	705	705
Married	1,125	560	565
Living common-law	285	145	140
Living common law - Never married	170	85	85
Living common law - Separated	20	10	10
Living common law - Divorced	80	40	40
Living common law - Widowed	5	5	5
Not married and not living common-law	885	460	420
Not married and not living common law - Never married	590	345	245
Not married and not living common law - Separated	60	25	30
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	140	65	75
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	90	25	70
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	805	...	...
2 persons	380	...	...
3 persons	170	...	...
4 persons	195	...	...
5 or more persons	60	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	810	...	...
Total couple families	705	...	...
Married couples	560	...	...
With children⁶	340	...	...
Without children	215	...	...
Common-law couples	140	...	...
With children⁶	50	...	...
Without children	95	...	...
Total one-parent families	105	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	80	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	30	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	2,720	1,395	1,330
Total - Persons in census families	2,375	1,220	1,160
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,405	700	700
Parents in one-parent families	105	30	75
Children⁶	870	490	375
In a two-parent family	710	390	325
In a one-parent family	155	100	55
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	350	175	170
Living alone	210	105	100
Living with other relatives⁷	70	30	40
Living with non-relatives only	70	40	30
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,005	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	680	...	...
Couple-family households	610	...	...
With children⁶	345	...	...
Without children	265	...	...
One-parent-family households	75	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	45	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	35	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	25	...	...
One-person households	210	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,295	1,170	1,125
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,215	1,120	1,095
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,000	54,800	42,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,215	1,120	1,095
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	47,600	38,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,060	1,060	1,000
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	51,600	36,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,775	945	830
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	52,800	38,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,935	945	995
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,550	5,280	7,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	195	90	105
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,240	5,360	5,160
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	600	300	300
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,350	1,170	1,175
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,260	1,130	1,130
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,100	66,200	50,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,260	1,130	1,135
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,960	53,800	42,100
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,110	1,080	1,035
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,550	62,200	44,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,800	950	855
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,900	63,800	47,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,955	925	1,025
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,220	8,200	10,140
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	195	105	90
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,640	5,300	6,100
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	610	275	335
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,960	7,600	8,280
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,350	1,170	1,180
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	990	570	420
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	76,500	81,000	64,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	82,000	88,800	72,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	675	305	370
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,200	17,600	15,100
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,950	27,800	24,500
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	86.2	90.0	81.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	76.8	80.8	71.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	13.8	10.2	18.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.7	1.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.2	3.0	5.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.7	2.8	5.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,295	1,165	1,125
Without total income	75	45	30
With total income	2,215	1,120	1,095
Under $10,000 (including loss)	170	75	95
$10,000 to $19,999	240	115	120
$20,000 to $29,999	275	115	165
$30,000 to $39,999	215	90	130
$40,000 to $49,999	240	120	125
$50,000 to $59,999	205	105	100
$60,000 to $69,999	165	85	80
$70,000 to $79,999	150	75	75
$80,000 to $89,999	110	55	55
$90,000 to $99,999	95	55	40
$100,000 and over	350	235	115
$100,000 to $149,999	250	160	90
$150,000 and over	95	70	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,295	1,165	1,125
Without after-tax income	80	45	30
With after-tax income	2,215	1,120	1,095
Under $10,000 (including loss)	180	80	105
$10,000 to $19,999	240	120	120
$20,000 to $29,999	320	130	195
$30,000 to $39,999	280	125	155
$40,000 to $49,999	275	135	140
$50,000 to $59,999	235	125	110
$60,000 to $69,999	175	90	80
$70,000 to $79,999	135	75	60
$80,000 to $89,999	135	70	60
$90,000 to $99,999	80	55	20
$100,000 and over	160	115	40
$100,000 to $124,999	95	70	25
$125,000 and over	65	50	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,295	1,165	1,125
Without employment income	520	220	300
With employment income	1,775	950	825
Under $5,000 (including loss)	205	100	100
$5,000 to $9,999	145	70	75
$10,000 to $19,999	160	70	90
$20,000 to $29,999	145	75	65
$30,000 to $39,999	150	60	90
$40,000 to $49,999	135	70	65
$50,000 to $59,999	135	70	60
$60,000 to $69,999	125	75	50
$70,000 to $79,999	115	50	60
$80,000 to $89,999	90	45	45
$90,000 to $99,999	80	50	30
$100,000 and over	295	200	95
$100,000 to $124,999	160	95	65
$125,000 and over	135	105	30
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,295	1,170	1,125
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,180	1,095	1,080
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	54,400	40,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,180	1,095	1,085
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	47,200	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,050	1,040	1,005
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	52,800	37,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,780	925	850
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,000	54,400	41,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,820	885	935
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,400	850	2,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	165	75	90
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,000	6,080
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,350	1,170	1,175
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,205	1,095	1,110
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,400	70,600	46,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,205	1,095	1,110
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,520	55,900	39,300
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,080	1,040	1,040
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,550	70,400	42,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,800	935	870
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,450	68,400	45,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,835	885	945
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,190	5,140	7,180
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	175	85	85
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,000	5,300	8,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,350	1,170	1,180
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	990	565	420
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	77,500	82,000	64,500
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	81,400	91,600	67,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	640	270	365
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,800	25,200	19,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,900	34,800	26,100
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.2	94.0	86.8
Employment income (%)	80.2	82.4	77.2
Government transfers (%)	8.8	5.9	13.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.6	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,010	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	210	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	800	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,005	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	131,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	108,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	220	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	785	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	154,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,010	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	60	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	55	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	55	...	...
$100,000 and over	595	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	120	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	115	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	190	...	...
$200,000 and over	175	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,010	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	55	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	55	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	70	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	495	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	145	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	125	...	...
$150,000 and over	230	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	780	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	270	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	390	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	172,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	95	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	280	145	130
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,000	44,800	38,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	39,600	35,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	775	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	152,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	235	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	420	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	180,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	148,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	80	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	275	145	130
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,800	56,000	41,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,600	47,000	36,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	2,725	1,395	1,330
0 to 17 years	545	300	240
0 to 5 years	145	80	65
18 to 64 years	1,765	890	870
65 years and over	415	200	210
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	165	80	85
0 to 17 years	30	15	10
0 to 5 years	10	10	5
18 to 64 years	105	45	55
65 years and over	35	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.0	5.9	6.2
0 to 17 years (%)	4.8	6.0	4.0
0 to 5 years (%)	7.0	8.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	5.8	5.4	6.2
65 years and over (%)	9.0	9.0	9.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	2,720	1,395	1,330
0 to 17 years	540	300	245
0 to 5 years	145	80	65
18 to 64 years	1,765	890	875
65 years and over	415	205	215
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	60	40	25
0 to 17 years	10	10	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	55	30	20
65 years and over	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.4	2.9	1.8
0 to 17 years (%)	1.6	2.5	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	3.4	2.6
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	2,725	1,395	1,330
In bottom half of the distribution	830	425	410
In bottom decile	145	80	65
In second decile	140	60	80
In third decile	170	90	85
In fourth decile	195	95	95
In fifth decile	180	95	90
In top half of the distribution	1,895	970	920
In sixth decile	260	130	130
In seventh decile	305	150	155
In eighth decile	375	190	180
In ninth decile	525	270	255
In top decile	435	230	205
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	2,720	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.282	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.354	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.246	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,720	1,395	1,330
English only	2,525	1,310	1,215
French only	0	0	0
English and French	190	85	105
Neither English nor French	5	5	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,720	1,395	1,330
English	2,695	1,385	1,310
French	20	10	10
English and French	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	5	5	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,720	1,395	1,330
Single responses	2,695	1,385	1,315
Official languages	2,515	1,300	1,220
English	2,495	1,290	1,205
French	25	10	15
Non-official languages	180	80	95
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	180	80	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	160	75	85
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	10	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	15	30
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	15
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10
Serbian	10	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	10	5
German	10	10	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	30	10	15
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	30	30
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5
Portuguese	35	20	15
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	5
Chinese languages	10	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	10
English and French	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	5	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,720	1,395	1,330
English	2,555	1,315	1,235
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	20	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	15
English and French	15	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	125	60	65
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,720	1,395	1,330
Single responses	2,695	1,385	1,315
Official languages	2,645	1,355	1,285
English	2,640	1,355	1,285
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	50	25	25
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	20	20
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0
Chinese languages	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	15
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,725	1,395	1,330
None	2,595	1,335	1,260
English	20	10	10
French	15	10	10
Non-official language	80	30	50
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	80	30	50
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,765	1,375	1,390
Official languages	2,760	1,375	1,385
English	2,760	1,375	1,385
French	185	80	110
Non-official languages	305	130	175
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	305	130	175
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	280	120	165
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	20	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	60	20	40
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	25	0	20
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	10
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	20	30
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	20	0	15
German	15	0	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	10	15
Afrikaans	15	0	0
Dutch	20	10	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	70	30	40
Indo-Aryan languages	70	25	40
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	50	50
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	20	15	10
Portuguese	55	20	30
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	25	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,765	1,375	1,390
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	50	20	30
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	45	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian)	25	15	10
Métis	15	0	15
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	2,715	1,355	1,360
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,765	1,375	1,390
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	10	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,755	1,370	1,385
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,000	...	...
Owner	845	...	...
Renter	155	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,000	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...
Not condominium	995	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,000	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	75	...	...
2 bedrooms	155	...	...
3 bedrooms	420	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	345	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,000	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	125	...	...
5 rooms	100	...	...
6 rooms	185	...	...
7 rooms	165	...	...
8 or more rooms	425	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,000	...	...
One person or fewer per room	990	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,000	...	...
Suitable	970	...	...
Not suitable	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,000	...	...
1960 or before	260	...	...
1961 to 1980	395	...	...
1981 to 1990	125	...	...
1991 to 2000	120	...	...
2001 to 2005	50	...	...
2006 to 2010	15	...	...
2011 to 2015	20	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,000	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	945	...	...
Major repairs needed	55	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,000	...	...
One-maintainer household	470	...	...
Two-maintainer household	475	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	50	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,000	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	80	...	...
35 to 44 years	145	...	...
45 to 54 years	240	...	...
55 to 64 years	310	...	...
65 to 74 years	145	...	...
75 to 84 years	65	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,000	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	850	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	145	...	...
30% to less than 100%	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,000	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	210	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	130	...	...
Not suitable only	30	...	...
Major repairs needed only	40	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	790	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	960	...	...
In core need	20	...	...
Not in core need	945	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	840	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	65.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,800	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,940	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	850,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	888,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	155	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	19.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,150	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,100	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	2,765	1,375	1,385
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	10	10	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	10	10	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	75	30	45
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	75	30	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	20	15
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	10	30
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	2,680	1,340	1,335
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	2,765	1,380	1,390
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	2,705	1,340	1,360
Canadian citizens aged under 18	555	290	270
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,145	1,050	1,090
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	60	35	30
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	2,765	1,380	1,390
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	2,360	1,190	1,165
Immigrants⁸¹	395	175	220
Before 1980	205	90	110
1980 to 1990	55	20	35
1991 to 2000	55	30	20
2001 to 2010	60	20	35
2011 to 2021⁸²	30	15	15
2011 to 2015	10	0	10
2016 to 2021	15	10	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	10	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	395	175	220
Under 5 years	75	30	40
5 to 14 years	95	45	50
15 to 24 years	55	35	20
25 to 44 years	160	60	95
45 years and over	15	0	10
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	395	175	220
Americas	60	35	30
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0
Europe	245	105	145
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	20	15	10
Poland	20	0	15
Portugal	30	10	15
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	125	50	70
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	15
Africa	20	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	70	30	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	45	20	25
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	15	10	0
Americas	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	10	10	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,765	1,375	1,390
First generation¹⁰⁰	420	185	235
Second generation¹⁰¹	565	320	245
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,780	870	905
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	195	85	110
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	120	45	75
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	45	25	20
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	75	15	55
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	60	30	30
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	15	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	195	85	110
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	10	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	30	20	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	140	50	90
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,765	1,375	1,390
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	180	85	95
South Asian	80	30	50
Chinese	0	0	0
Black	10	10	0
Filipino	25	15	10
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	45	20	25
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	15	10	10
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	2,585	1,290	1,295
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,765	1,380	1,390
Canadian	425	215	205
English	885	460	415
Irish	730	325	405
Scottish	775	405	365
French, n.o.s.¹²²	165	80	85
German	360	160	200
Chinese	0	0	0
Italian	150	70	80
Indian (India)	75	20	50
Ukrainian	100	45	45
Dutch	155	80	70
Polish	120	60	65
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	170	90	80
Filipino	25	15	15
French Canadian	30	0	25
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0
Métis	40	10	30
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	40	25	20
Russian	30	20	15
Norwegian	20	0	10
Welsh	100	55	50
Portuguese	150	60	90
American	30	20	10
Spanish	0	0	0
Swedish	35	15	20
Hungarian	60	40	20
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	10	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	10
Jamaican	15	0	15
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	25	15	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	10	0	10
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	20	15	0
Belgian	20	15	10
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	15	0	10
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	15	0	15
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	30	10	20
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	15	10	10
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	25	10	15
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	15	0	15
Australian	25	20	10
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	20	10	10
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,765	1,375	1,390
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	1,545	740	805
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	215	130	85
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	160	85	80
Baptist	10	0	10
Catholic	805	345	455
Christian Orthodox	15	10	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	15	0	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	10	10	0
Presbyterian	65	35	30
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	175	75	95
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	75	55	20
Hindu	55	20	35
Jewish	10	0	10
Muslim	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	1,120	595	525
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	2,750	1,360	1,390
Non-movers	2,470	1,230	1,245
Movers	285	135	145
Non-migrants	35	10	20
Migrants	250	125	125
Internal migrants	245	120	125
Intraprovincial migrants	245	120	120
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	2,670	1,315	1,355
Non-movers	1,725	850	875
Movers	935	460	480
Non-migrants	110	55	55
Migrants	825	405	425
Internal migrants	805	395	415
Intraprovincial migrants	780	390	390
Interprovincial migrants	30	10	25
External migrants	20	10	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,350	1,170	1,180
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	355	190	165
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,990	980	1,015
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,610	825	785
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	135	70	60
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,475	750	725
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,350	1,175	1,175
No certificate, diploma or degree	325	160	160
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	755	360	385
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,280	650	625
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	795	425	370
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	165	150	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	50	40	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	115	115	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	585	260	325
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	10	30
Bachelor's degree or higher	480	230	255
Bachelor's degree	385	180	205
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	10	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0
Master's degree	55	30	25
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,605	820	785
No certificate, diploma or degree	130	70	65
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	450	235	220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,030	525	505
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	595	320	280
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	95	85	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	15	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	70	70	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	475	220	255
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	10	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	430	205	225
Bachelor's degree	340	165	175
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	0	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0
Master's degree	50	25	25
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,350	1,170	1,180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,075	520	555
Education	70	15	55
13. Education	70	15	55
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	80	40	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	25	40
Humanities	65	10	55
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	10	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	155	40	125
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	25	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	45	0	35
45. Social sciences	60	30	25
Business, management and public administration	230	110	125
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	10	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	210	100	115
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	30	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	15	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	50	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	40	10
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	280	255	20
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10
14. Engineering	35	30	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	30	30	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	75	75	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	80	80	0
48. Precision production	50	40	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	15	20
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	15	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	10
Health and related fields	170	40	130
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	20	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	125	15	110
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	80	40	35
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	45	20	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,610	825	785
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	580	300	280
Education	60	15	40
13. Education	60	15	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	40	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	20	35
Humanities	65	15	55
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	45	10	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	130	40	90
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	35	10	30
45. Social sciences	50	30	25
Business, management and public administration	185	80	100
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	10	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	170	75	100
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	30	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	35	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	35	10
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	225	205	15
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	10
14. Engineering	30	30	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	25	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	60	60	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	65	65	0
48. Precision production	25	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	15	20
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	15	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0	0
Health and related fields	135	35	95
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	20	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	95	15	85
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	45	20	25
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	30	10	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,610	825	785
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	580	300	280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,030	520	510
Location of study inside Canada	910	450	460
Same as province or territory of residence	890	440	455
Different than province or territory of residence	20	15	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	120	70	50
Americas	45	20	25
United States of America	30	15	15
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	30	15	0
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	20	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	35	25	20
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	30	20	10
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,350	1,175	1,175
In the labour force	1,685	855	830
Employed	1,550	815	740
Unemployed	140	45	90
Not in the labour force	660	310	350
Participation rate	71.7	72.8	70.6
Employment rate	66.0	69.4	63.0
Unemployment rate	8.3	5.3	10.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,350	1,170	1,180
Did not work¹⁸⁶	630	270	360
Worked	1,725	900	820
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,005	580	420
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	720	320	400
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	43.2	43.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,690	860	830
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	0	20
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,665	855	810
Employee	1,450	750	705
Permanent position	1,260	670	595
Temporary position	185	75	110
Fixed term (1 year or more)	45	25	20
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	145	50	85
Self-employed¹⁹²	215	105	110
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,690	860	830
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	0	20
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,665	855	810
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	0	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	275	80	200
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	85	55	30
3 Health occupations	60	0	60
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	155	30	130
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	55	20	40
6 Sales and service occupations	450	200	250
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	360	330	25
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	65	40	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	125	95	30
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,690	860	830
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	0	20
All industries¹⁹¹	1,665	855	810
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	30	10	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	0	0
22 Utilities	15	15	0
23 Construction	145	120	25
31-33 Manufacturing	215	165	50
41 Wholesale trade	105	70	35
44-45 Retail trade	185	90	95
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	80	50	30
51 Information and cultural industries	45	20	25
52 Finance and insurance	60	15	45
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	20	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	110	50	65
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	135	60	75
61 Educational services	125	25	105
62 Health care and social assistance	100	10	85
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	45	25	20
72 Accommodation and food services	80	20	55
81 Other services (except public administration)	75	35	40
91 Public administration	75	35	35
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,775	920	855
English	1,735	900	830
French	15	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,775	920	855
Single responses	1,770	920	850
Official languages	1,765	920	845
English	1,750	915	835
French	15	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,775	920	855
None	1,755	910	850
English	0	0	0
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	15	10	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,550	810	735
Worked at home	370	135	235
Worked outside Canada	15	0	0
No fixed workplace address	200	140	55
Usual place of work	970	530	445
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	970	525	445
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	310	130	180
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	70	20	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	590	375	220
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,165	670	495
Car, truck or van	1,090	650	440
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,020	620	400
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	70	30	35
Public transit	0	0	0
Walked	25	0	20
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	45	0	40
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,165	670	495
Less than 15 minutes	250	100	150
15 to 29 minutes	185	90	95
30 to 44 minutes	330	190	140
45 to 59 minutes	260	190	70
60 minutes and over	140	105	35
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,165	670	495
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	140	100	40
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	205	145	65
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	255	135	120
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	260	130	130
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	80	20	60
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	220	135	85
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	550	310	245
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45	20	25
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	505	285	220
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	430	240	190
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	15	20
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	10	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	395	225	170

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 14, 2025).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2024-08-02

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