Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Gloucester, County (CT)More information: New Brunswick [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	78,256	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	78,444	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 0.2	...	...	- 0.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	39,145	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	35,830	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	16.5	...	...	16.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4,734.30	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	78,260	38,865	39,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	8,325	4,300	4,030	10.6	11.1	10.2
0 to 4 years	2,360	1,200	1,155	3.0	3.1	2.9
5 to 9 years	2,810	1,460	1,350	3.6	3.8	3.4
10 to 14 years	3,165	1,635	1,525	4.0	4.2	3.9
15 to 64 years	47,520	23,825	23,695	60.7	61.3	60.2
15 to 19 years	3,185	1,630	1,550	4.1	4.2	3.9
20 to 24 years	3,430	1,810	1,620	4.4	4.7	4.1
25 to 29 years	3,370	1,760	1,605	4.3	4.5	4.1
30 to 34 years	3,480	1,795	1,685	4.4	4.6	4.3
35 to 39 years	3,870	1,915	1,950	4.9	4.9	5.0
40 to 44 years	4,415	2,190	2,225	5.6	5.6	5.6
45 to 49 years	5,010	2,430	2,585	6.4	6.3	6.6
50 to 54 years	5,855	2,895	2,960	7.5	7.4	7.5
55 to 59 years	7,220	3,565	3,650	9.2	9.2	9.3
60 to 64 years	7,695	3,835	3,860	9.8	9.9	9.8
65 years and over	22,410	10,750	11,665	28.6	27.7	29.6
65 to 69 years	7,170	3,490	3,680	9.2	9.0	9.3
70 to 74 years	6,220	3,095	3,120	7.9	8.0	7.9
75 to 79 years	4,110	2,030	2,080	5.3	5.2	5.3
80 to 84 years	2,525	1,215	1,310	3.2	3.1	3.3
85 years and over	2,385	915	1,470	3.0	2.4	3.7
85 to 89 years	1,465	630	835	1.9	1.6	2.1
90 to 94 years	690	230	460	0.9	0.6	1.2
95 to 99 years	205	50	155	0.3	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	25	5	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	10.6	11.1	10.2	10.6	11.1	10.2
15 to 64 years	60.7	61.3	60.2	60.7	61.3	60.2
65 years and over	28.6	27.7	29.6	28.6	27.7	29.6
85 years and over	3.0	2.4	3.7	3.0	2.4	3.7
Average age of the population	49.3	48.5	50.0	49.3	48.5	50.0
Median age of the population	53.6	52.8	54.0	53.6	52.8	54.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	35,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	28,045	...	...	78.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,140	...	...	3.2	...	...
Row house	1,020	...	...	2.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,195	...	...	3.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	3,280	...	...	9.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	15	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	180	...	...	0.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	960	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	35,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	11,415	...	...	31.9	...	...
2 persons	14,590	...	...	40.7	...	...
3 persons	5,380	...	...	15.0	...	...
4 persons	3,215	...	...	9.0	...	...
5 or more persons	1,225	...	...	3.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	76,200	37,960	38,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	69,930	34,570	35,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	38,820	19,370	19,445	55.5	56.0	55.0
Married	26,620	13,300	13,320	38.1	38.5	37.7
Living common-law	12,200	6,065	6,130	17.4	17.5	17.3
Living common law - Never married	9,355	4,635	4,720	13.4	13.4	13.3
Living common law - Separated	725	370	350	1.0	1.1	1.0
Living common law - Divorced	1,700	895	810	2.4	2.6	2.3
Living common law - Widowed	420	170	250	0.6	0.5	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	31,110	15,205	15,910	44.5	44.0	45.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	19,635	10,985	8,650	28.1	31.8	24.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	2,625	1,230	1,395	3.8	3.6	3.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	3,555	1,695	1,865	5.1	4.9	5.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5,295	1,295	3,995	7.6	3.7	11.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	23,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	14,935	...	...	63.6	...	...
3 persons	5,005	...	...	21.3	...	...
4 persons	2,850	...	...	12.1	...	...
5 or more persons	710	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	23,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	19,110	...	...	81.3	...	...
Married couples	13,015	...	...	55.4	...	...
With children⁶	4,425	...	...	18.8	...	...
Without children	8,595	...	...	36.6	...	...
Common-law couples	6,095	...	...	25.9	...	...
With children⁶	2,720	...	...	11.6	...	...
Without children	3,375	...	...	14.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	4,385	...	...	18.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	3,265	...	...	13.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	1,115	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	76,200	37,960	38,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	59,975	29,810	30,170	78.7	78.5	78.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	38,225	19,065	19,155	50.2	50.2	50.1
Parents in one-parent families	4,390	1,120	3,270	5.8	3.0	8.6
Children⁶	17,360	9,625	7,740	22.8	25.4	20.2
In a two-parent family	11,130	6,085	5,045	14.6	16.0	13.2
In a one-parent family	6,235	3,535	2,700	8.2	9.3	7.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	16,225	8,150	8,075	21.3	21.5	21.1
Living alone	11,415	5,750	5,665	15.0	15.1	14.8
Living with other relatives⁷	2,045	885	1,165	2.7	2.3	3.0
Living with non-relatives only	2,760	1,520	1,245	3.6	4.0	3.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	35,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	21,070	...	...	58.8	...	...
Couple-family households	17,700	...	...	49.4	...	...
With children⁶	6,600	...	...	18.4	...	...
Without children	11,095	...	...	31.0	...	...
One-parent-family households	3,370	...	...	9.4	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	830	...	...	2.3	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	105	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	950	...	...	2.7	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,455	...	...	4.1	...	...
One-person households	11,415	...	...	31.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	67,890	33,675	34,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	66,415	33,015	33,400	97.8	98.0	97.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	38,000	30,000	34,000	38,000	30,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	66,435	33,020	33,410	97.9	98.1	97.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,600	33,600	27,800	30,600	33,600	27,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	52,470	27,310	25,160	77.3	81.1	73.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,200	27,600	22,600	25,200	27,600	22,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	42,115	22,400	19,710	62.0	66.5	57.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,600	27,000	23,800	25,600	27,000	23,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	58,590	28,655	29,935	86.3	85.1	87.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,200	16,400	14,000	15,200	16,400	14,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,615	11,935	8,680	30.4	35.4	25.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,800	12,200	7,300	9,800	12,200	7,300
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,880	8,505	8,380	24.9	25.3	24.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,000	6,550	6,500	6,000	6,550
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	67,885	33,675	34,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	66,415	33,070	33,345	97.8	98.2	97.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,920	44,480	35,400	39,920	44,480	35,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	66,440	33,080	33,355	97.9	98.2	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	37,600	31,280	34,400	37,600	31,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	52,625	27,335	25,290	77.5	81.2	73.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,040	37,560	30,240	34,040	37,560	30,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	42,115	22,430	19,685	62.0	66.6	57.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,320	37,000	31,240	34,320	37,000	31,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	58,460	28,640	29,815	86.1	85.0	87.1
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,720	15,500	13,960	14,720	15,500	13,960
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,245	11,690	8,555	29.8	34.7	25.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,870	12,180	9,080	10,870	12,180	9,080
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,810	8,490	8,325	24.8	25.2	24.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,680	7,480	7,880	7,680	7,480	7,880
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	67,890	33,675	34,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	14,790	7,195	7,595	21.8	21.4	22.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,800	54,800	46,400	50,800	54,800	46,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,050	61,600	52,800	57,050	61,600	52,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	22,175	12,250	9,930	32.7	36.4	29.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,000	19,200	14,500	17,000	19,200	14,500
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,920	28,000	18,860	23,920	28,000	18,860
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	67.6	69.8	64.8	67.6	69.8	64.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	54.5	56.4	52.1	54.5	56.4	52.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	32.5	30.2	35.3	32.5	30.2	35.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	8.3	9.7	6.6	8.3	9.7	6.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.0	5.2	7.0	6.0	5.2	7.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.9	4.3	5.6	4.9	4.3	5.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	67,885	33,670	34,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	1,470	660	815	2.2	2.0	2.4
With total income	66,420	33,015	33,405	97.8	98.1	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,840	1,890	2,950	7.3	5.7	8.8
$10,000 to $19,999	9,835	3,910	5,920	14.8	11.8	17.7
$20,000 to $29,999	14,050	6,255	7,800	21.2	18.9	23.3
$30,000 to $39,999	11,725	5,900	5,825	17.7	17.9	17.4
$40,000 to $49,999	9,245	4,905	4,340	13.9	14.9	13.0
$50,000 to $59,999	5,400	3,105	2,300	8.1	9.4	6.9
$60,000 to $69,999	3,385	2,075	1,310	5.1	6.3	3.9
$70,000 to $79,999	2,395	1,450	940	3.6	4.4	2.8
$80,000 to $89,999	1,865	1,025	840	2.8	3.1	2.5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,155	645	510	1.7	2.0	1.5
$100,000 and over	2,515	1,850	660	3.8	5.6	2.0
$100,000 to $149,999	1,810	1,320	495	2.7	4.0	1.5
$150,000 and over	705	530	170	1.1	1.6	0.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	67,885	33,670	34,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	1,455	650	800	2.1	1.9	2.3
With after-tax income	66,435	33,025	33,415	97.9	98.1	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,095	1,965	3,125	7.7	6.0	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	10,240	4,095	6,145	15.4	12.4	18.4
$20,000 to $29,999	16,860	7,680	9,180	25.4	23.3	27.5
$30,000 to $39,999	13,835	7,365	6,475	20.8	22.3	19.4
$40,000 to $49,999	8,560	4,740	3,820	12.9	14.4	11.4
$50,000 to $59,999	4,755	2,810	1,940	7.2	8.5	5.8
$60,000 to $69,999	2,985	1,685	1,300	4.5	5.1	3.9
$70,000 to $79,999	1,725	965	755	2.6	2.9	2.3
$80,000 to $89,999	875	580	290	1.3	1.8	0.9
$90,000 to $99,999	490	375	115	0.7	1.1	0.3
$100,000 and over	1,030	765	265	1.6	2.3	0.8
$100,000 to $124,999	550	415	135	0.8	1.3	0.4
$125,000 and over	475	345	135	0.7	1.0	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	67,885	33,670	34,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	25,775	11,275	14,500	38.0	33.5	42.4
With employment income	42,110	22,400	19,715	62.0	66.5	57.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,655	2,985	2,670	13.4	13.3	13.5
$5,000 to $9,999	4,090	1,780	2,310	9.7	7.9	11.7
$10,000 to $19,999	8,175	4,320	3,855	19.4	19.3	19.6
$20,000 to $29,999	5,600	2,895	2,705	13.3	12.9	13.7
$30,000 to $39,999	5,000	2,480	2,520	11.9	11.1	12.8
$40,000 to $49,999	3,670	1,980	1,690	8.7	8.8	8.6
$50,000 to $59,999	2,630	1,565	1,065	6.2	7.0	5.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,905	1,135	770	4.5	5.1	3.9
$70,000 to $79,999	1,580	895	690	3.8	4.0	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,370	660	705	3.3	2.9	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	780	440	340	1.9	2.0	1.7
$100,000 and over	1,655	1,270	390	3.9	5.7	2.0
$100,000 to $124,999	870	630	240	2.1	2.8	1.2
$125,000 and over	790	635	155	1.9	2.8	0.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	67,890	33,675	34,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	65,575	32,585	32,990	96.6	96.8	96.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	37,200	27,000	32,000	37,200	27,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	65,640	32,590	33,050	96.7	96.8	96.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,000	33,200	25,200	29,000	33,200	25,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	52,580	27,315	25,260	77.4	81.1	73.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,600	30,000	23,400	26,600	30,000	23,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	42,880	22,790	20,090	63.2	67.7	58.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,000	29,800	24,400	27,000	29,800	24,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	54,805	26,450	28,355	80.7	78.5	82.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,500	14,400	10,900	12,500	14,400	10,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	20,060	11,685	8,370	29.5	34.7	24.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,000	12,100	7,400	10,000	12,100	7,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	67,885	33,675	34,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	65,570	32,640	32,930	96.6	96.9	96.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	44,960	33,480	39,200	44,960	33,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	65,635	32,640	32,995	96.7	96.9	96.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,440	37,480	29,440	33,440	37,480	29,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	52,690	27,280	25,410	77.6	81.0	74.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,040	40,840	30,840	36,040	40,840	30,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	42,850	22,750	20,100	63.1	67.6	58.7
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,640	40,840	31,880	36,640	40,840	31,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	54,760	26,445	28,315	80.7	78.5	82.8
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,270	13,340	11,270	12,270	13,340	11,270
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,865	11,505	8,360	29.3	34.2	24.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,700	12,050	8,850	10,700	12,050	8,850
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	67,890	33,675	34,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	14,750	7,170	7,580	21.7	21.3	22.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,600	53,200	43,200	47,600	53,200	43,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,250	60,900	49,880	55,250	60,900	49,880
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	21,230	11,780	9,455	31.3	35.0	27.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400	23,800	17,400	20,400	23,800	17,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,760	35,600	22,500	29,760	35,600	22,500
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	73.8	76.0	71.0	73.8	76.0	71.0
Employment income (%)	61.1	63.3	58.1	61.1	63.3	58.1
Government transfers (%)	26.2	24.0	28.9	26.2	24.0	28.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	8.3	9.5	6.7	8.3	9.5	6.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	35,830	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	54,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	11,415	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,800	...	...	30,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,400	...	...	28,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	24,415	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	35,830	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	63,800	...	...	63,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,415	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,920	...	...	37,920	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,080	...	...	33,080	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	24,415	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,900	...	...	90,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,200	...	...	78,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	35,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	170	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	510	...	...	1.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	585	...	...	1.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	550	...	...	1.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,095	...	...	8.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,455	...	...	4.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,195	...	...	6.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,205	...	...	6.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,025	...	...	5.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,730	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,070	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,825	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,650	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,270	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,955	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,535	...	...	23.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,400	...	...	9.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,070	...	...	5.8	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,015	...	...	5.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,050	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	35,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	205	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	520	...	...	1.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	585	...	...	1.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	595	...	...	1.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,285	...	...	9.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,855	...	...	5.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,645	...	...	7.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,350	...	...	6.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,115	...	...	5.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,925	...	...	5.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,695	...	...	10.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,290	...	...	9.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,825	...	...	7.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,310	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,770	...	...	4.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,865	...	...	16.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,895	...	...	8.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,540	...	...	4.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,435	...	...	4.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	23,420	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	11,200	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	7,335	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,020	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	55,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	14,180	7,270	6,910	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,600	34,400	27,200	30,600	34,400	27,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,200	30,600	26,200	28,200	30,600	26,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	23,405	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,700	...	...	90,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	11,205	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,800	...	...	77,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,900	...	...	66,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,350	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,400	...	...	124,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,100	...	...	105,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,020	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,600	...	...	66,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,150	...	...	60,150	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	14,180	7,350	6,830	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,240	39,920	34,320	37,240	39,920	34,320
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,480	34,200	30,640	32,480	34,200	30,640
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	76,200	37,960	38,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	10,160	5,235	4,925	13.3	13.8	12.9
0 to 5 years	2,860	1,445	1,410	3.8	3.8	3.7
18 to 64 years	45,020	22,465	22,555	59.1	59.2	59.0
65 years and over	21,020	10,260	10,760	27.6	27.0	28.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	13,070	6,020	7,050	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,610	845	770	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	530	280	250	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	5,290	2,480	2,815	...	...	...
65 years and over	6,170	2,695	3,470	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.2	15.9	18.4	17.2	15.9	18.4
0 to 17 years (%)	15.9	16.1	15.6	15.9	16.1	15.6
0 to 5 years (%)	18.6	19.4	17.6	18.6	19.4	17.6
18 to 64 years (%)	11.8	11.0	12.5	11.8	11.0	12.5
65 years and over (%)	29.4	26.3	32.2	29.4	26.3	32.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	76,070	37,900	38,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	10,125	5,215	4,910	13.3	13.8	12.9
0 to 5 years	2,850	1,445	1,405	3.7	3.8	3.7
18 to 64 years	44,935	22,425	22,510	59.1	59.2	59.0
65 years and over	21,010	10,260	10,755	27.6	27.1	28.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,430	1,205	1,225	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	260	130	135	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	90	45	45	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,950	980	970	...	...	...
65 years and over	220	90	125	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.2	3.2	3.2	3.2	3.2
0 to 17 years (%)	2.6	2.5	2.7	2.6	2.5	2.7
0 to 5 years (%)	3.1	3.0	3.1	3.1	3.0	3.1
18 to 64 years (%)	4.3	4.4	4.3	4.3	4.4	4.3
65 years and over (%)	1.0	0.9	1.1	1.0	0.9	1.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	76,200	37,960	38,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	50,835	24,965	25,865	66.7	65.8	67.6
In bottom decile	10,925	5,025	5,905	14.3	13.2	15.4
In second decile	11,365	5,430	5,935	14.9	14.3	15.5
In third decile	10,460	5,285	5,175	13.7	13.9	13.5
In fourth decile	9,485	4,835	4,650	12.4	12.7	12.2
In fifth decile	8,595	4,390	4,200	11.3	11.6	11.0
In top half of the distribution	25,370	13,000	12,370	33.3	34.2	32.3
In sixth decile	7,375	3,725	3,655	9.7	9.8	9.6
In seventh decile	6,430	3,310	3,125	8.4	8.7	8.2
In eighth decile	5,265	2,695	2,575	6.9	7.1	6.7
In ninth decile	3,920	2,045	1,880	5.1	5.4	4.9
In top decile	2,380	1,230	1,150	3.1	3.2	3.0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	76,200	...	...	76,200	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.299	...	...	0.299	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.488	...	...	0.488	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.262	...	...	0.262	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	76,835	38,290	38,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	7,130	3,735	3,400	9.3	9.8	8.8
French only	30,195	14,560	15,635	39.3	38.0	40.6
English and French	39,465	19,970	19,495	51.4	52.2	50.6
Neither English nor French	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	76,835	38,290	38,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	12,100	5,995	6,110	15.7	15.7	15.9
French	64,305	32,075	32,230	83.7	83.8	83.6
English and French	390	200	190	0.5	0.5	0.5
Neither English nor French	30	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	76,835	38,290	38,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	75,295	37,525	37,770	98.0	98.0	98.0
Official languages	74,635	37,190	37,450	97.1	97.1	97.2
English	11,160	5,530	5,630	14.5	14.4	14.6
French	63,475	31,660	31,815	82.6	82.7	82.6
Non-official languages	655	335	325	0.9	0.9	0.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	655	330	320	0.9	0.9	0.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	60	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	85	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	85	35	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	270	130	135	0.4	0.3	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	85	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,535	770	770	2.0	2.0	2.0
English and French	1,410	700	710	1.8	1.8	1.8
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	50	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	76,835	38,290	38,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	11,630	5,820	5,810	15.1	15.2	15.1
French	59,380	29,675	29,710	77.3	77.5	77.1
Non-official language	125	75	55	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	125	75	55	0.2	0.2	0.1
English and French	5,125	2,450	2,675	6.7	6.4	6.9
English and non-official language(s)	305	150	155	0.4	0.4	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	125	60	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	130	65	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	76,835	38,290	38,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	75,685	37,760	37,925	98.5	98.6	98.4
Official languages	75,390	37,620	37,775	98.1	98.3	98.0
English	13,225	6,585	6,645	17.2	17.2	17.2
French	62,165	31,030	31,130	80.9	81.0	80.8
Non-official languages	295	145	150	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	295	145	150	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	105	55	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,145	530	620	1.5	1.4	1.6
English and French	1,045	480	560	1.4	1.3	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	76,830	38,290	38,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	72,240	36,070	36,170	94.0	94.2	93.9
English	2,770	1,345	1,430	3.6	3.5	3.7
French	1,460	695	760	1.9	1.8	2.0
Non-official language	225	120	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	210	105	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	76,200	37,965	38,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	76,145	37,925	38,225	99.9	99.9	100.0
English	46,475	23,375	23,100	61.0	61.6	60.4
French	68,950	34,195	34,755	90.5	90.1	90.9
Non-official languages	1,525	795	735	2.0	2.1	1.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	40	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mi'kmaq	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,480	765	715	1.9	2.0	1.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	135	90	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	135	90	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	130	85	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	170	75	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	20	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	65	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	815	400	405	1.1	1.1	1.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	165	90	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	100	60	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
German	95	60	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Danish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	75	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	525	240	280	0.7	0.6	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	440	200	235	0.6	0.5	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	165	105	60	0.2	0.3	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Luba-Kasai	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	60	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	50	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	55	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	76,205	37,960	38,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	3,055	1,650	1,405	4.0	4.3	3.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	2,875	1,565	1,305	3.8	4.1	3.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,335	695	635	1.8	1.8	1.7
Métis	1,525	860	665	2.0	2.3	1.7
Inuk (Inuit)	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	50	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	130	60	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	73,145	36,310	36,840	96.0	95.7	96.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	76,205	37,960	38,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	565	310	255	0.7	0.8	0.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	75,640	37,655	37,985	99.3	99.2	99.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	35,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	27,985	...	...	78.1	...	...
Renter	7,805	...	...	21.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	35	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	35,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,925	...	...	5.4	...	...
Not condominium	33,905	...	...	94.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	35,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	95	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	3,565	...	...	9.9	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,530	...	...	32.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	13,085	...	...	36.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	7,555	...	...	21.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	35,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,365	...	...	23.3	...	...
5 rooms	7,510	...	...	21.0	...	...
6 rooms	6,310	...	...	17.6	...	...
7 rooms	4,625	...	...	12.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	9,015	...	...	25.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	35,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	35,770	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	60	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	35,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	35,110	...	...	98.0	...	...
Not suitable	725	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	35,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	6,585	...	...	18.4	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,610	...	...	38.0	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,350	...	...	17.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,310	...	...	12.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,290	...	...	3.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,450	...	...	4.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,245	...	...	3.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	990	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	35,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	32,860	...	...	91.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,970	...	...	8.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	35,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	20,485	...	...	57.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	14,350	...	...	40.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	1,000	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	35,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	665	...	...	1.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,980	...	...	8.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,185	...	...	11.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,855	...	...	16.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,605	...	...	24.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	7,940	...	...	22.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,310	...	...	12.0	...	...
85 years and over	1,295	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	35,670	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	31,730	...	...	89.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,935	...	...	11.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,700	...	...	10.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	35,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	7,175	...	...	20.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	3,565	...	...	9.9	...	...
Not suitable only	630	...	...	1.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	2,520	...	...	7.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	365	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	75	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	28,655	...	...	80.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	35,430	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,400	...	...	4.0	...	...
Not in core need	34,025	...	...	96.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	27,935	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	47.8	...	...	47.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	572	...	...	572	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	726	...	...	726	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	140,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	155,000	...	...	155,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,800	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	15.4	...	...	15.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.6	...	...	25.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	9.1	...	...	9.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	628	...	...	628	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	648	...	...	648	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	35	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	232	...	...	232	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	220	...	...	220	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	76,200	37,960	38,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	2,820	1,450	1,370	3.7	3.8	3.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	2,780	1,435	1,345	3.6	3.8	3.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	2,020	1,055	965	2.7	2.8	2.5
Métis single ancestry	735	370	365	1.0	1.0	1.0
Inuit single ancestry	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	2,605	1,385	1,220	3.4	3.6	3.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,550	1,360	1,185	3.3	3.6	3.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,935	1,045	890	2.5	2.8	2.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	610	310	300	0.8	0.8	0.8
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	70,775	35,120	35,650	92.9	92.5	93.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	76,200	37,960	38,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	75,300	37,430	37,870	98.8	98.6	99.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	10,040	5,150	4,895	13.2	13.6	12.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	65,260	32,280	32,975	85.6	85.0	86.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	900	535	370	1.2	1.4	1.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	76,200	37,960	38,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	74,650	37,120	37,530	98.0	97.8	98.1
Immigrants⁸¹	1,140	570	575	1.5	1.5	1.5
Before 1980	355	205	150	0.5	0.5	0.4
1980 to 1990	90	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
1991 to 2000	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
2001 to 2010	165	85	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	455	210	245	0.6	0.6	0.6
2011 to 2015	160	50	115	0.2	0.1	0.3
2016 to 2021	295	160	135	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	410	270	135	0.5	0.7	0.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,145	570	570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	160	85	80	14.0	14.9	14.0
5 to 14 years	185	85	100	16.2	14.9	17.5
15 to 24 years	200	110	90	17.5	19.3	15.8
25 to 44 years	485	230	250	42.4	40.4	43.9
45 years and over	115	70	45	10.0	12.3	7.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,145	570	570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	205	105	100	17.9	18.4	17.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	10	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.8
Guyana	10	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.8
Haiti	20	10	10	1.7	1.8	1.8
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	130	75	60	11.4	13.2	10.5
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	15	2.6	2.6	2.6
Europe	410	210	205	35.8	36.8	36.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	135	60	75	11.8	10.5	13.2
Germany	20	15	10	1.7	2.6	1.8
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	40	20	20	3.5	3.5	3.5
Netherlands	30	15	10	2.6	2.6	1.8
Poland	10	10	0	0.9	1.8	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	15	0	15	1.3	0.0	2.6
Serbia⁸⁶	10	10	0	0.9	1.8	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	100	55	45	8.7	9.6	7.9
Other places of birth in Europe	50	15	30	4.4	2.6	5.3
Africa	160	90	65	14.0	15.8	11.4
Algeria	10	10	0	0.9	1.8	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	55	25	25	4.8	4.4	4.4
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	15	0	1.3	2.6	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	60	35	30	5.2	6.1	5.3
Asia	365	165	205	31.9	28.9	36.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	10	10	0	0.9	1.8	0.0
China⁹⁰	40	15	25	3.5	2.6	4.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	170	75	100	14.8	13.2	17.5
Viet Nam	30	15	15	2.6	2.6	2.6
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	10	15	2.2	1.8	2.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0	1.3	1.8	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	290	160	130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	35	20	15	12.1	12.5	11.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	15	0	10	5.2	0.0	7.7
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	10	0	3.4	6.3	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	3.4	0.0	0.0
Europe	90	40	50	31.0	25.0	38.5
France	60	25	30	20.7	15.6	23.1
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	15	10	10	5.2	6.3	7.7
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	10	6.9	6.3	7.7
Africa	35	20	15	12.1	12.5	11.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	3.4	0.0	7.7
Asia	130	75	60	44.8	46.9	46.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	100	60	45	34.5	37.5	34.6
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	76,205	37,965	38,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,700	900	805	2.2	2.4	2.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,280	640	640	1.7	1.7	1.7
Third generation or more¹⁰²	73,220	36,420	36,795	96.1	95.9	96.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	785	365	425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	495	225	265	63.1	61.6	62.4
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	190	125	70	24.2	34.2	16.5
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	300	110	195	38.2	30.1	45.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	180	75	100	22.9	20.5	23.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	105	55	55	13.4	15.1	12.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	10	0	1.3	2.7	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	785	365	425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	35	20	15	4.5	5.5	3.5
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	185	70	115	23.6	19.2	27.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.4
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	40	30	10	5.1	8.2	2.4
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	515	245	275	65.6	67.1	64.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	76,205	37,965	38,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,270	680	590	1.7	1.8	1.5
South Asian	190	100	90	0.2	0.3	0.2
Chinese	115	45	65	0.2	0.1	0.2
Black	535	300	235	0.7	0.8	0.6
Filipino	185	85	100	0.2	0.2	0.3
Arab	60	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin American	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southeast Asian	70	45	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	74,935	37,280	37,650	98.3	98.2	98.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	76,200	37,960	38,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	23,185	11,300	11,885	30.4	29.8	31.1
English	2,170	1,030	1,140	2.8	2.7	3.0
Irish	6,045	3,035	3,015	7.9	8.0	7.9
Scottish	3,425	1,570	1,860	4.5	4.1	4.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	12,140	6,200	5,940	15.9	16.3	15.5
German	720	360	360	0.9	0.9	0.9
Chinese	135	65	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italian	365	195	175	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indian (India)	240	130	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ukrainian	130	50	75	0.2	0.1	0.2
Dutch	205	85	115	0.3	0.2	0.3
Polish	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	1,070	520	550	1.4	1.4	1.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	270	145	120	0.4	0.4	0.3
Filipino	140	70	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
French Canadian	3,770	1,790	1,990	4.9	4.7	5.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	2,835	1,405	1,430	3.7	3.7	3.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,070	535	530	1.4	1.4	1.4
Métis	1,430	725	705	1.9	1.9	1.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	645	315	330	0.8	0.8	0.9
Russian	70	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Welsh	155	60	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	110	45	65	0.1	0.1	0.2
American	205	115	90	0.3	0.3	0.2
Spanish	170	65	100	0.2	0.2	0.3
Swedish	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	50	15	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Acadian	28,300	14,205	14,095	37.1	37.4	36.9
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	140	100	35	0.2	0.3	0.1
Jewish	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	60	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lebanese	120	65	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	320	165	150	0.4	0.4	0.4
Danish	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	830	445	380	1.1	1.2	1.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	25	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Finnish	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	1,980	1,050	930	2.6	2.8	2.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	105	65	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	45	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	35	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	2,030	1,010	1,015	2.7	2.7	2.7
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	60	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	50	15	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	35	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Maliseet	75	50	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Beninese	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	76,205	37,960	38,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Christian	67,610	33,355	34,250	88.7	87.9	89.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,290	1,155	1,135	3.0	3.0	3.0
Anabaptist	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	635	295	340	0.8	0.8	0.9
Baptist	255	140	115	0.3	0.4	0.3
Catholic	62,225	30,715	31,505	81.7	80.9	82.4
Christian Orthodox	30	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	180	85	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latter Day Saints	35	20	20	0.0	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	35	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	385	185	205	0.5	0.5	0.5
Presbyterian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	1,135	520	615	1.5	1.4	1.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	325	165	160	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hindu	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	205	135	70	0.3	0.4	0.2
Sikh	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	100	40	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	8,175	4,370	3,810	10.7	11.5	10.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	75,770	37,745	38,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	70,545	35,250	35,295	93.1	93.4	92.8
Movers	5,225	2,495	2,730	6.9	6.6	7.2
Non-migrants	2,660	1,230	1,425	3.5	3.3	3.7
Migrants	2,565	1,260	1,305	3.4	3.3	3.4
Internal migrants	2,425	1,170	1,255	3.2	3.1	3.3
Intraprovincial migrants	1,630	755	875	2.2	2.0	2.3
Interprovincial migrants	795	415	380	1.0	1.1	1.0
External migrants	145	95	50	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	73,840	36,805	37,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	55,695	28,215	27,480	75.4	76.7	74.2
Movers	18,150	8,585	9,560	24.6	23.3	25.8
Non-migrants	5,760	2,765	2,995	7.8	7.5	8.1
Migrants	12,385	5,820	6,565	16.8	15.8	17.7
Internal migrants	11,800	5,475	6,325	16.0	14.9	17.1
Intraprovincial migrants	9,180	4,160	5,015	12.4	11.3	13.5
Interprovincial migrants	2,620	1,315	1,310	3.5	3.6	3.5
External migrants	585	345	240	0.8	0.9	0.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	67,890	33,675	34,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	23,080	12,980	10,105	34.0	38.5	29.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	44,810	20,695	24,110	66.0	61.5	70.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	40,295	20,015	20,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	9,470	5,885	3,585	23.5	29.4	17.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	30,820	14,130	16,695	76.5	70.6	82.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	67,885	33,675	34,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,670	11,145	9,520	30.4	33.1	27.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	15,930	7,645	8,280	23.5	22.7	24.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,295	14,880	16,415	46.1	44.2	48.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	23,340	11,810	11,530	34.4	35.1	33.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,595	4,420	2,175	9.7	13.1	6.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,795	2,180	1,615	5.6	6.5	4.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,800	2,240	560	4.1	6.7	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	14,985	6,885	8,100	22.1	20.4	23.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,765	510	1,255	2.6	1.5	3.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,955	3,070	4,885	11.7	9.1	14.3
Bachelor's degree	5,950	2,165	3,790	8.8	6.4	11.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	705	300	400	1.0	0.9	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	230	100	130	0.3	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	960	445	515	1.4	1.3	1.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	115	65	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	40,295	20,020	20,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,440	5,135	3,300	20.9	25.6	16.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	9,740	4,855	4,890	24.2	24.3	24.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,115	10,025	12,085	54.9	50.1	59.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	16,350	8,005	8,345	40.6	40.0	41.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,725	2,395	1,330	9.2	12.0	6.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,195	1,200	995	5.4	6.0	4.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,530	1,195	335	3.8	6.0	1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	11,460	5,295	6,170	28.4	26.4	30.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,160	310	845	2.9	1.5	4.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,770	2,025	3,745	14.3	10.1	18.5
Bachelor's degree	4,370	1,495	2,875	10.8	7.5	14.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	460	170	295	1.1	0.8	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	195	70	125	0.5	0.3	0.6
Master's degree	660	245	410	1.6	1.2	2.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	90	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	67,890	33,670	34,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	36,590	18,790	17,805	53.9	55.8	52.0
Education	2,540	735	1,805	3.7	2.2	5.3
13. Education	2,540	735	1,805	3.7	2.2	5.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	420	200	220	0.6	0.6	0.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	55	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	340	150	190	0.5	0.4	0.6
Humanities	540	230	310	0.8	0.7	0.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	75	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	65	20	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	170	50	115	0.3	0.1	0.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	45	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
54. History	65	20	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,850	445	1,400	2.7	1.3	4.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130	55	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	885	55	830	1.3	0.2	2.4
22. Legal professions and studies	220	105	115	0.3	0.3	0.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	80	20	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	245	50	195	0.4	0.1	0.6
45. Social sciences	285	160	120	0.4	0.5	0.4
Business, management and public administration	6,350	1,540	4,810	9.4	4.6	14.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	615	135	475	0.9	0.4	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,735	1,405	4,325	8.4	4.2	12.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	575	275	295	0.8	0.8	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	185	90	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	110	55	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	30	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	150	105	45	0.2	0.3	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	105	30	70	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	750	490	255	1.1	1.5	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	635	465	175	0.9	1.4	0.5
25. Library science	60	0	60	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	8,565	8,165	400	12.6	24.3	1.2
04. Architecture and related services	55	40	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
14. Engineering	490	440	55	0.7	1.3	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,575	1,375	205	2.3	4.1	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,220	2,180	45	3.3	6.5	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,205	2,165	35	3.2	6.4	0.1
48. Precision production	2,020	1,965	45	3.0	5.8	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	545	345	195	0.8	1.0	0.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	250	100	150	0.4	0.3	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	295	250	45	0.4	0.7	0.1
Health and related fields	6,095	870	5,225	9.0	2.6	15.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	135	60	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	5,850	765	5,085	8.6	2.3	14.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	100	45	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,070	1,590	1,480	4.5	4.7	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,565	240	1,335	2.3	0.7	3.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	545	435	105	0.8	1.3	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	930	890	40	1.4	2.6	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	40,295	20,015	20,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	18,180	9,985	8,195	45.1	49.9	40.4
Education	1,385	340	1,045	3.4	1.7	5.2
13. Education	1,385	340	1,045	3.4	1.7	5.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	335	140	190	0.8	0.7	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	280	115	165	0.7	0.6	0.8
Humanities	305	130	175	0.8	0.6	0.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	25	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
54. History	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	40	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,415	280	1,135	3.5	1.4	5.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110	40	65	0.3	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	710	45	665	1.8	0.2	3.3
22. Legal professions and studies	165	55	105	0.4	0.3	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	55	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	180	30	150	0.4	0.1	0.7
45. Social sciences	195	90	105	0.5	0.4	0.5
Business, management and public administration	4,660	1,035	3,625	11.6	5.2	17.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	490	95	400	1.2	0.5	2.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,165	940	3,225	10.3	4.7	15.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	405	175	220	1.0	0.9	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	125	55	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	35	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	110	70	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	20	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	630	445	185	1.6	2.2	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	565	435	130	1.4	2.2	0.6
25. Library science	45	0	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,690	5,380	300	14.1	26.9	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
14. Engineering	345	305	40	0.9	1.5	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,165	1,010	155	2.9	5.0	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,380	1,350	30	3.4	6.7	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,405	1,370	35	3.5	6.8	0.2
48. Precision production	1,360	1,325	35	3.4	6.6	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	420	260	165	1.0	1.3	0.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	200	75	125	0.5	0.4	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	220	180	35	0.5	0.9	0.2
Health and related fields	4,605	700	3,905	11.4	3.5	19.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	110	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	4,400	610	3,785	10.9	3.0	18.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	85	35	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,270	1,145	1,130	5.6	5.7	5.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,145	145	1,005	2.8	0.7	5.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	415	325	95	1.0	1.6	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	695	660	35	1.7	3.3	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	40,295	20,015	20,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,180	9,985	8,195	45.1	49.9	40.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	22,115	10,030	12,090	54.9	50.1	59.6
Location of study inside Canada	21,590	9,755	11,835	53.6	48.7	58.4
Same as province or territory of residence	18,355	8,315	10,035	45.6	41.5	49.5
Different than province or territory of residence	3,235	1,440	1,795	8.0	7.2	8.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	530	275	255	1.3	1.4	1.3
Americas	95	35	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
United States of America	80	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	155	70	80	0.4	0.3	0.4
Belgium	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	65	25	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	120	95	30	0.3	0.5	0.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Morocco	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	75	60	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Asia	150	60	85	0.4	0.3	0.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	80	30	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	67,885	33,675	34,215	...	...	...
In the labour force	36,040	18,765	17,280	...	...	...
Employed	31,155	15,665	15,490	...	...	...
Unemployed	4,880	3,100	1,785	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	31,845	14,910	16,940	...	...	...
Participation rate	53.1	55.7	50.5	53.1	55.7	50.5
Employment rate	45.9	46.5	45.3	45.9	46.5	45.3
Unemployment rate	13.5	16.5	10.3	13.5	16.5	10.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	67,885	33,670	34,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	30,160	13,825	16,330	44.4	41.1	47.7
Worked	37,730	19,845	17,885	55.6	58.9	52.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	15,000	7,325	7,675	22.1	21.8	22.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	22,730	12,520	10,210	33.5	37.2	29.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	35.5	33.6	37.6	35.5	33.6	37.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	36,040	18,765	17,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	835	495	340	2.3	2.6	2.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	35,205	18,270	16,935	97.7	97.4	98.0
Employee	32,040	16,395	15,640	88.9	87.4	90.5
Permanent position	20,790	9,680	11,105	57.7	51.6	64.3
Temporary position	11,250	6,720	4,535	31.2	35.8	26.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,630	760	870	4.5	4.1	5.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	9,615	5,960	3,660	26.7	31.8	21.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,170	1,870	1,295	8.8	10.0	7.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	36,040	18,765	17,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	835	495	340	2.3	2.6	2.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	35,205	18,270	16,935	97.7	97.4	98.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	310	200	105	0.9	1.1	0.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,355	1,205	3,155	12.1	6.4	18.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,280	1,095	190	3.6	5.8	1.1
3 Health occupations	3,800	525	3,275	10.5	2.8	19.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,735	1,050	2,685	10.4	5.6	15.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	505	250	255	1.4	1.3	1.5
6 Sales and service occupations	9,560	3,755	5,805	26.5	20.0	33.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,150	6,745	405	19.8	35.9	2.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,070	1,810	260	5.7	9.6	1.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,440	1,640	805	6.8	8.7	4.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	36,040	18,765	17,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	835	495	340	2.3	2.6	2.0
All industries¹⁹¹	35,205	18,270	16,935	97.7	97.4	98.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,720	2,210	510	7.5	11.8	3.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	940	870	70	2.6	4.6	0.4
22 Utilities	260	230	25	0.7	1.2	0.1
23 Construction	2,785	2,570	215	7.7	13.7	1.2
31-33 Manufacturing	3,530	2,500	1,030	9.8	13.3	6.0
41 Wholesale trade	560	415	145	1.6	2.2	0.8
44-45 Retail trade	4,565	2,015	2,555	12.7	10.7	14.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,020	830	190	2.8	4.4	1.1
51 Information and cultural industries	380	225	150	1.1	1.2	0.9
52 Finance and insurance	855	285	570	2.4	1.5	3.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	210	110	105	0.6	0.6	0.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	930	495	430	2.6	2.6	2.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	865	555	310	2.4	3.0	1.8
61 Educational services	2,325	705	1,620	6.5	3.8	9.4
62 Health care and social assistance	6,085	1,060	5,030	16.9	5.6	29.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	365	205	160	1.0	1.1	0.9
72 Accommodation and food services	2,245	740	1,505	6.2	3.9	8.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,780	945	835	4.9	5.0	4.8
91 Public administration	2,755	1,285	1,470	7.6	6.8	8.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	40,425	21,290	19,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,370	3,285	2,085	13.3	15.4	10.9
French	23,805	12,285	11,520	58.9	57.7	60.2
Non-official language	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and French	11,190	5,670	5,520	27.7	26.6	28.8
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	40,425	21,290	19,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	37,665	19,955	17,710	93.2	93.7	92.5
Official languages	37,635	19,925	17,710	93.1	93.6	92.5
English	7,880	4,685	3,195	19.5	22.0	16.7
French	29,755	15,240	14,515	73.6	71.6	75.8
Non-official languages	35	30	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	35	30	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	2,755	1,335	1,425	6.8	6.3	7.4
English and French	2,755	1,330	1,425	6.8	6.2	7.4
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	40,425	21,290	19,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	31,950	16,915	15,035	79.0	79.5	78.6
English	5,950	2,950	2,990	14.7	13.9	15.6
French	2,505	1,405	1,100	6.2	6.6	5.7
Non-official language	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	31,155	15,665	15,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,325	1,535	1,790	10.7	9.8	11.6
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	4,955	3,595	1,360	15.9	22.9	8.8
Usual place of work	22,870	10,525	12,340	73.4	67.2	79.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	22,870	10,525	12,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	9,615	4,310	5,305	42.0	41.0	43.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	11,205	4,850	6,360	49.0	46.1	51.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,350	800	545	5.9	7.6	4.4
Commute to a different province or territory	695	570	130	3.0	5.4	1.1
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	27,820	14,120	13,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	26,210	13,110	13,105	94.2	92.8	95.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	24,300	12,225	12,080	87.3	86.6	88.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,910	885	1,025	6.9	6.3	7.5
Public transit	170	125	45	0.6	0.9	0.3
Walked	770	430	340	2.8	3.0	2.5
Bicycle	45	35	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Other method	620	420	195	2.2	3.0	1.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	27,820	14,120	13,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	13,540	6,530	7,010	48.7	46.2	51.2
15 to 29 minutes	9,015	4,450	4,565	32.4	31.5	33.3
30 to 44 minutes	3,175	1,740	1,430	11.4	12.3	10.4
45 to 59 minutes	915	540	375	3.3	3.8	2.7
60 minutes and over	1,180	870	310	4.2	6.2	2.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	27,820	14,120	13,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,545	1,175	375	5.6	8.3	2.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,005	2,440	1,565	14.4	17.3	11.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	9,225	4,450	4,775	33.2	31.5	34.9
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,585	2,785	3,800	23.7	19.7	27.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,945	615	1,325	7.0	4.4	9.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,520	2,660	1,860	16.2	18.8	13.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	10,390	5,360	5,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	9,285	4,815	4,475	89.4	89.8	89.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,100	540	560	10.6	10.1	11.1
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	7,870	4,075	3,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,100	3,710	3,395	90.2	91.0	89.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	6,435	3,355	3,080	81.8	82.3	81.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	665	355	310	8.4	8.7	8.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	765	370	400	9.7	9.1	10.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 25, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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