Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Les Sources, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	14,623	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	14,286	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	7,363	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,809	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	18.6	...	...	18.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	785.42	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	14,625	7,440	7,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,265	1,205	1,065	15.5	16.2	14.8
0 to 4 years	660	345	310	4.5	4.6	4.3
5 to 9 years	755	410	345	5.2	5.5	4.8
10 to 14 years	850	445	410	5.8	6.0	5.7
15 to 64 years	7,905	4,085	3,820	54.1	54.9	53.2
15 to 19 years	670	375	295	4.6	5.0	4.1
20 to 24 years	515	280	225	3.5	3.8	3.1
25 to 29 years	635	310	325	4.3	4.2	4.5
30 to 34 years	620	330	290	4.2	4.4	4.0
35 to 39 years	765	390	375	5.2	5.2	5.2
40 to 44 years	850	440	405	5.8	5.9	5.6
45 to 49 years	730	375	360	5.0	5.0	5.0
50 to 54 years	800	425	380	5.5	5.7	5.3
55 to 59 years	1,020	510	510	7.0	6.9	7.1
60 to 64 years	1,305	645	655	8.9	8.7	9.1
65 years and over	4,450	2,150	2,300	30.4	28.9	32.0
65 to 69 years	1,335	690	645	9.1	9.3	9.0
70 to 74 years	1,210	620	595	8.3	8.3	8.3
75 to 79 years	815	420	395	5.6	5.6	5.5
80 to 84 years	490	205	285	3.4	2.8	4.0
85 years and over	600	215	380	4.1	2.9	5.3
85 to 89 years	325	155	175	2.2	2.1	2.4
90 to 94 years	190	60	125	1.3	0.8	1.7
95 to 99 years	80	5	75	0.5	0.1	1.0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.5	16.2	14.8	15.5	16.2	14.8
15 to 64 years	54.1	54.9	53.2	54.1	54.9	53.2
65 years and over	30.4	28.9	32.0	30.4	28.9	32.0
85 years and over	4.1	2.9	5.3	4.1	2.9	5.3
Average age of the population	47.6	46.4	48.9	47.6	46.4	48.9
Median age of the population	52.0	50.0	53.6	52.0	50.0	53.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,810	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	4,545	...	...	66.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	60	...	...	0.9	...	...
Row house	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	735	...	...	10.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,330	...	...	19.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	80	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,810	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,590	...	...	38.0	...	...
2 persons	2,635	...	...	38.7	...	...
3 persons	630	...	...	9.3	...	...
4 persons	575	...	...	8.4	...	...
5 or more persons	380	...	...	5.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	14,140	7,265	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	12,355	6,240	6,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	7,125	3,565	3,565	57.7	57.1	58.3
Married	3,965	1,980	1,980	32.1	31.7	32.4
Living common-law	3,165	1,580	1,580	25.6	25.3	25.8
Living common law - Never married	2,415	1,190	1,220	19.5	19.1	19.9
Living common law - Separated	35	20	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	620	320	295	5.0	5.1	4.8
Living common law - Widowed	100	45	50	0.8	0.7	0.8
Not married and not living common-law	5,230	2,670	2,555	42.3	42.8	41.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,115	1,875	1,245	25.2	30.0	20.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	145	65	85	1.2	1.0	1.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	990	490	500	8.0	7.9	8.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	975	245	725	7.9	3.9	11.8
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,580	...	...	63.5	...	...
3 persons	595	...	...	14.6	...	...
4 persons	545	...	...	13.4	...	...
5 or more persons	340	...	...	8.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,495	...	...	86.0	...	...
Married couples	1,915	...	...	47.1	...	...
With children⁶	445	...	...	10.9	...	...
Without children	1,465	...	...	36.0	...	...
Common-law couples	1,580	...	...	38.9	...	...
With children⁶	785	...	...	19.3	...	...
Without children	795	...	...	19.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	570	...	...	14.0	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	415	...	...	10.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	155	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	14,140	7,265	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	10,995	5,565	5,430	77.8	76.6	79.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,995	3,495	3,495	49.5	48.1	50.9
Parents in one-parent families	570	155	415	4.0	2.1	6.0
Children⁶	3,430	1,915	1,520	24.3	26.4	22.1
In a two-parent family	2,490	1,350	1,135	17.6	18.6	16.5
In a one-parent family	945	565	380	6.7	7.8	5.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,140	1,705	1,440	22.2	23.5	21.0
Living alone	2,585	1,380	1,205	18.3	19.0	17.5
Living with other relatives⁷	210	105	100	1.5	1.4	1.5
Living with non-relatives only	350	215	130	2.5	3.0	1.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,885	...	...	57.1	...	...
Couple-family households	3,375	...	...	49.6	...	...
With children⁶	1,175	...	...	17.3	...	...
Without children	2,195	...	...	32.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	510	...	...	7.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	45	...	...	0.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	105	...	...	1.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	185	...	...	2.7	...	...
One-person households	2,585	...	...	38.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	11,870	6,065	5,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,655	5,955	5,700	98.2	98.2	98.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	36,000	29,000	32,400	36,000	29,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,655	5,955	5,700	98.2	98.2	98.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	32,800	27,400	30,000	32,800	27,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,865	5,210	4,655	83.1	85.9	80.2
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	24,200	28,600	19,400	24,200	28,600	19,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,180	3,955	3,220	60.5	65.2	55.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,800	32,400	24,600	28,800	32,400	24,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,300	5,125	5,180	86.8	84.5	89.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,100	13,800	14,200	14,100	13,800	14,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,485	800	680	12.5	13.2	11.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,000	5,000	4,960	5,000	5,000	4,960
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,805	1,565	1,235	23.6	25.8	21.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	11,870	6,065	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,640	5,975	5,665	98.1	98.5	97.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	42,120	35,280	38,800	42,120	35,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,640	5,975	5,665	98.1	98.5	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,720	35,960	31,360	33,720	35,960	31,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,750	5,225	4,530	82.1	86.2	78.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	35,520	27,480	31,800	35,520	27,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,175	3,980	3,195	60.4	65.6	55.0
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,160	36,720	30,960	34,160	36,720	30,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,180	5,075	5,110	85.8	83.7	88.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,900	13,040	14,760	13,900	13,040	14,760
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,470	810	660	12.4	13.4	11.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,010	5,450	6,700	6,010	5,450	6,700
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,675	1,465	1,215	22.5	24.2	20.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	6,990	8,120	7,500	6,990	8,120
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	11,870	6,060	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,345	1,945	1,400	28.2	32.1	24.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	46,000	48,000	42,400	46,000	48,000	42,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	49,840	52,000	46,880	49,840	52,000	46,880
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,800	1,445	1,355	23.6	23.8	23.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,800	21,800	17,200	18,800	21,800	17,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,220	27,320	20,900	24,220	27,320	20,900
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	68.6	73.8	62.3	68.6	73.8	62.3
Employment income (%)¹⁹	54.3	58.1	49.5	54.3	58.1	49.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	31.4	26.3	37.7	31.4	26.3	37.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.8	2.2	2.0	1.8	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.7	5.0	6.5	5.7	5.0	6.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4	4.1	4.9	4.4	4.1	4.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	11,870	6,060	5,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	215	110	110	1.8	1.8	1.9
With total income	11,655	5,955	5,700	98.2	98.3	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	810	335	475	6.9	5.6	8.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,910	755	1,155	16.4	12.7	20.3
$20,000 to $29,999	2,635	1,310	1,320	22.6	22.0	23.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,790	915	875	15.4	15.4	15.4
$40,000 to $49,999	1,495	810	680	12.8	13.6	11.9
$50,000 to $59,999	1,075	600	480	9.2	10.1	8.4
$60,000 to $69,999	705	425	275	6.0	7.1	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	400	260	145	3.4	4.4	2.5
$80,000 to $89,999	285	170	115	2.4	2.9	2.0
$90,000 to $99,999	185	120	65	1.6	2.0	1.1
$100,000 and over	360	245	115	3.1	4.1	2.0
$100,000 to $149,999	305	205	105	2.6	3.4	1.8
$150,000 and over	55	45	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	11,870	6,060	5,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	210	105	110	1.8	1.7	1.9
With after-tax income	11,655	5,960	5,700	98.2	98.3	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	845	345	500	7.3	5.8	8.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,995	810	1,190	17.1	13.6	20.9
$20,000 to $29,999	2,980	1,485	1,495	25.6	24.9	26.2
$30,000 to $39,999	2,175	1,180	995	18.7	19.8	17.5
$40,000 to $49,999	1,615	900	720	13.9	15.1	12.6
$50,000 to $59,999	945	570	375	8.1	9.6	6.6
$60,000 to $69,999	495	290	210	4.2	4.9	3.7
$70,000 to $79,999	275	175	100	2.4	2.9	1.8
$80,000 to $89,999	165	100	70	1.4	1.7	1.2
$90,000 to $99,999	65	40	25	0.6	0.7	0.4
$100,000 and over	95	65	30	0.8	1.1	0.5
$100,000 to $124,999	65	40	20	0.6	0.7	0.4
$125,000 and over	30	25	5	0.3	0.4	0.1
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	11,870	6,060	5,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,690	2,105	2,590	39.5	34.7	44.6
With employment income	7,175	3,955	3,220	60.4	65.3	55.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,205	660	540	16.8	16.7	16.8
$5,000 to $9,999	605	285	315	8.4	7.2	9.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,000	470	530	13.9	11.9	16.5
$20,000 to $29,999	900	445	450	12.5	11.3	14.0
$30,000 to $39,999	930	500	430	13.0	12.6	13.4
$40,000 to $49,999	780	420	355	10.9	10.6	11.0
$50,000 to $59,999	550	350	195	7.7	8.8	6.1
$60,000 to $69,999	400	265	135	5.6	6.7	4.2
$70,000 to $79,999	255	165	85	3.6	4.2	2.6
$80,000 to $89,999	205	140	65	2.9	3.5	2.0
$90,000 to $99,999	130	90	40	1.8	2.3	1.2
$100,000 and over	230	170	65	3.2	4.3	2.0
$100,000 to $124,999	155	110	50	2.2	2.8	1.6
$125,000 and over	75	55	15	1.0	1.4	0.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	11,870	6,065	5,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,520	5,890	5,630	97.1	97.1	97.0
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,200	34,400	26,000	30,200	34,400	26,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,530	5,890	5,645	97.1	97.1	97.2
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,000	31,400	25,000	28,000	31,400	25,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,765	5,185	4,580	82.3	85.5	78.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,800	30,600	21,200	25,800	30,600	21,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,325	4,030	3,295	61.7	66.4	56.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,800	33,200	25,200	28,800	33,200	25,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,660	4,735	4,930	81.4	78.1	84.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,500	10,400	12,200	11,500	10,400	12,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,525	810	715	12.8	13.4	12.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,360	4,520	4,120	4,360	4,520	4,120
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	11,870	6,065	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,495	5,885	5,605	96.8	97.0	96.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,960	40,960	32,720	36,960	40,960	32,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,505	5,885	5,620	96.9	97.0	96.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	34,760	29,120	32,000	34,760	29,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,710	5,200	4,505	81.8	85.7	77.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,240	36,440	27,400	32,240	36,440	27,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,315	4,015	3,295	61.6	66.2	56.7
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,120	37,200	30,360	34,120	37,200	30,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,595	4,710	4,885	80.8	77.7	84.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,620	10,930	12,280	11,620	10,930	12,280
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,510	810	700	12.7	13.4	12.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,950	5,860	6,050	5,950	5,860	6,050
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	11,870	6,060	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,295	1,920	1,375	27.8	31.7	23.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	43,200	46,000	38,000	43,200	46,000	38,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	47,240	50,160	43,200	47,240	50,160	43,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,635	1,365	1,270	22.2	22.5	21.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,800	25,400	21,200	23,800	25,400	21,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,880	32,640	24,840	28,880	32,640	24,840
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	73.8	78.6	67.4	73.8	78.6	67.4
Employment income (%)	58.8	62.0	54.6	58.8	62.0	54.6
Government transfers (%)	26.3	21.4	32.7	26.3	21.4	32.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.1	2.0	2.3	2.1	2.0	2.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,810	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	54,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...	49,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,585	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,000	...	...	29,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	27,600	...	...	27,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,220	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,805	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	66,300	...	...	66,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	57,650	...	...	57,650	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,580	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,440	...	...	36,440	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,160	...	...	32,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,230	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,500	...	...	84,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	73,200	...	...	73,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,810	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	130	...	...	1.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	215	...	...	3.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	680	...	...	10.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	395	...	...	5.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	330	...	...	4.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	445	...	...	6.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	455	...	...	6.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	335	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	660	...	...	9.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	560	...	...	8.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	480	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	420	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	345	...	...	5.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,275	...	...	18.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	590	...	...	8.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	310	...	...	4.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	275	...	...	4.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	100	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,810	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	130	...	...	1.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	225	...	...	3.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	695	...	...	10.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	470	...	...	6.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	415	...	...	6.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	515	...	...	7.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	470	...	...	6.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	430	...	...	6.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	700	...	...	10.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	625	...	...	9.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	515	...	...	7.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	420	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	315	...	...	4.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	795	...	...	11.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	455	...	...	6.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	205	...	...	3.0	...	...
$150,000 and over	140	...	...	2.1	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,085	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,210	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	58,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,240	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	555	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	54,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,940	1,600	1,335	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,800	32,800	25,800	28,800	32,800	25,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,400	30,200	25,400	27,400	30,200	25,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,080	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,400	...	...	84,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	73,200	...	...	73,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,185	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,700	...	...	74,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	64,400	...	...	64,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,250	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,800	...	...	110,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	95,200	...	...	95,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	550	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,935	1,600	1,335	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,320	39,160	32,880	36,320	39,160	32,880
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,960	33,680	29,880	31,960	33,680	29,880
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	14,135	7,270	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,720	1,455	1,270	19.2	20.0	18.5
0 to 5 years	805	425	380	5.7	5.8	5.5
18 to 64 years	7,370	3,785	3,590	52.1	52.1	52.3
65 years and over	4,045	2,030	2,010	28.6	27.9	29.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,485	1,195	1,295	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	325	180	150	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	120	70	50	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,040	515	525	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,120	495	620	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.6	16.4	18.9	17.6	16.4	18.9
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0	12.5	11.6	12.0	12.5	11.6
0 to 5 years (%)	14.8	16.5	13.2	14.8	16.5	13.2
18 to 64 years (%)	14.1	13.6	14.7	14.1	13.6	14.7
65 years and over (%)	27.7	24.4	31.0	27.7	24.4	31.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	14,140	7,265	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,715	1,450	1,270	19.2	20.0	18.5
0 to 5 years	805	425	380	5.7	5.8	5.5
18 to 64 years	7,375	3,785	3,590	52.2	52.1	52.3
65 years and over	4,045	2,035	2,015	28.6	28.0	29.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	415	225	190	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	30	15	10	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	340	190	150	...	...	...
65 years and over	50	15	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	3.1	2.8	3.0	3.1	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	1.1	1.2	1.0	1.1	1.2	1.0
0 to 5 years (%)	0.8	1.2	x	0.8	1.2	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	5.0	4.1	4.6	5.0	4.1
65 years and over (%)	1.2	0.9	1.5	1.2	0.9	1.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	14,135	7,270	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	10,580	5,395	5,185	74.8	74.2	75.5
In bottom decile	1,910	915	1,000	13.5	12.6	14.6
In second decile	2,625	1,320	1,305	18.6	18.2	19.0
In third decile	2,355	1,230	1,125	16.7	16.9	16.4
In fourth decile	2,005	1,040	965	14.2	14.3	14.0
In fifth decile	1,685	890	795	11.9	12.2	11.6
In top half of the distribution	3,555	1,875	1,685	25.2	25.8	24.5
In sixth decile	1,260	665	595	8.9	9.1	8.7
In seventh decile	940	495	450	6.7	6.8	6.6
In eighth decile	730	385	350	5.2	5.3	5.1
In ninth decile	450	235	215	3.2	3.2	3.1
In top decile	180	100	80	1.3	1.4	1.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	14,140	...	...	14,140	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.274	...	...	0.274	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.466	...	...	0.466	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.235	...	...	0.235	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	14,430	7,380	7,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	90	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
French only	10,435	5,145	5,295	72.3	69.7	75.2
English and French	3,875	2,170	1,705	26.9	29.4	24.2
Neither English nor French	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	14,430	7,380	7,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	480	240	235	3.3	3.3	3.3
French	13,865	7,080	6,785	96.1	95.9	96.3
English and French	55	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Neither English nor French	30	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	14,430	7,380	7,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	14,245	7,285	6,965	98.7	98.7	98.9
Official languages	14,085	7,185	6,900	97.6	97.4	97.9
English	425	210	215	2.9	2.8	3.1
French	13,660	6,980	6,685	94.7	94.6	94.9
Non-official languages	160	100	60	1.1	1.4	0.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	160	95	60	1.1	1.3	0.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	130	80	50	0.9	1.1	0.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	60	25	0.6	0.8	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	65	50	20	0.5	0.7	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	5	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	180	100	85	1.2	1.4	1.2
English and French	150	80	70	1.0	1.1	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	14,430	7,380	7,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	320	165	155	2.2	2.2	2.2
French	13,420	6,840	6,580	93.0	92.7	93.4
Non-official language	50	40	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	50	40	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
English and French	520	275	245	3.6	3.7	3.5
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	70	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	14,430	7,380	7,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	14,295	7,310	6,980	99.1	99.1	99.1
Official languages	14,225	7,260	6,965	98.6	98.4	98.9
English	420	225	195	2.9	3.0	2.8
French	13,800	7,035	6,765	95.6	95.3	96.0
Non-official languages	75	55	15	0.5	0.7	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	75	55	15	0.5	0.7	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	60	45	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	40	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	45	40	5	0.3	0.5	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	135	70	70	0.9	0.9	1.0
English and French	120	60	55	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	14,430	7,380	7,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	13,920	7,115	6,805	96.5	96.4	96.6
English	315	165	150	2.2	2.2	2.1
French	100	60	45	0.7	0.8	0.6
Non-official language	60	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	55	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	14,140	7,265	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	14,105	7,230	6,870	99.8	99.5	100.0
English	3,925	2,205	1,725	27.8	30.4	25.1
French	14,005	7,170	6,835	99.0	98.7	99.5
Non-official languages	540	295	240	3.8	4.1	3.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	540	295	240	3.8	4.1	3.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	445	245	190	3.1	3.4	2.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	80	35	45	0.6	0.5	0.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	75	35	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
German	60	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	340	195	140	2.4	2.7	2.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Spanish	305	190	115	2.2	2.6	1.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	14,140	7,265	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	325	170	155	2.3	2.3	2.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	325	170	150	2.3	2.3	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	250	135	110	1.8	1.9	1.6
Métis	75	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.6
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	13,810	7,095	6,715	97.7	97.7	97.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	14,140	7,265	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	14,110	7,250	6,860	99.8	99.8	99.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	4,615	...	...	67.8	...	...
Renter	2,190	...	...	32.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	225	...	...	3.3	...	...
Not condominium	6,585	...	...	96.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	645	...	...	9.5	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,850	...	...	27.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,755	...	...	40.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,550	...	...	22.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,670	...	...	24.5	...	...
5 rooms	1,545	...	...	22.7	...	...
6 rooms	1,075	...	...	15.8	...	...
7 rooms	860	...	...	12.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,655	...	...	24.3	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,780	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	6,720	...	...	98.8	...	...
Not suitable	90	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,740	...	...	40.3	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,435	...	...	35.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	570	...	...	8.4	...	...
1991 to 2000	445	...	...	6.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	140	...	...	2.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	170	...	...	2.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	200	...	...	2.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	115	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,250	...	...	91.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	560	...	...	8.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,125	...	...	60.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,585	...	...	38.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	95	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	170	...	...	2.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	670	...	...	9.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	950	...	...	14.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	970	...	...	14.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,320	...	...	19.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,545	...	...	22.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	855	...	...	12.6	...	...
85 years and over	325	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,830	...	...	88.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	775	...	...	11.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	710	...	...	10.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,810	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,310	...	...	19.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	675	...	...	9.9	...	...
Not suitable only	75	...	...	1.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	460	...	...	6.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	85	...	...	1.2	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,495	...	...	80.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	120	...	...	1.8	...	...
Not in core need	6,415	...	...	98.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,445	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	53.3	...	...	53.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.9	...	...	8.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.0	...	...	1.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	665	...	...	665	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	769	...	...	769	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	160,000	...	...	160,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	186,000	...	...	186,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,170	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.0	...	...	9.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	17.4	...	...	17.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	556	...	...	556	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	590	...	...	590	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	14,135	7,270	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	335	160	175	2.4	2.2	2.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	335	160	175	2.4	2.2	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	325	155	175	2.3	2.1	2.5
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	475	285	195	3.4	3.9	2.8
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	465	275	185	3.3	3.8	2.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	455	275	185	3.2	3.8	2.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	13,325	6,825	6,500	94.3	93.9	94.6
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	14,135	7,270	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	13,995	7,185	6,815	99.0	98.8	99.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,740	1,460	1,275	19.4	20.1	18.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,260	5,720	5,540	79.7	78.7	80.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	140	85	55	1.0	1.2	0.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	14,135	7,270	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	13,840	7,080	6,755	97.9	97.4	98.3
Immigrants⁸¹	235	135	105	1.7	1.9	1.5
Before 1980	70	45	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
1980 to 1990	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
1991 to 2000	60	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
2001 to 2010	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
2011 to 2021⁸²	65	30	35	0.5	0.4	0.5
2011 to 2015	45	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
2016 to 2021	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	60	55	10	0.4	0.8	0.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	235	135	105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	15	10	10	6.4	7.4	9.5
5 to 14 years	45	35	10	19.1	25.9	9.5
15 to 24 years	60	30	30	25.5	22.2	28.6
25 to 44 years	90	55	35	38.3	40.7	33.3
45 years and over	20	10	15	8.5	7.4	14.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	235	135	105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	70	40	35	29.8	29.6	33.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	10	10	8.5	7.4	9.5
Other places of birth in Americas	30	20	10	12.8	14.8	9.5
Europe	120	75	50	51.1	55.6	47.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	55	35	25	23.4	25.9	23.8
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	0	0	4.3	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	45	20	20	19.1	14.8	19.0
Africa	25	20	10	10.6	14.8	9.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	15	0	10	6.4	0.0	9.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0	4.3	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	20	15	10	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	10	0	0	50.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0	50.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	14,140	7,265	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	355	210	150	2.5	2.9	2.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	305	175	130	2.2	2.4	1.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	13,475	6,885	6,590	95.3	94.8	95.9
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	165	90	75	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	95	65	35	57.6	72.2	46.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	65	55	15	39.4	61.1	20.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	30	15	15	18.2	16.7	20.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	60	20	40	36.4	22.2	53.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	165	90	75	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	10	10	0	6.1	11.1	0.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	135	65	70	81.8	72.2	93.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	14,140	7,265	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	195	115	80	1.4	1.6	1.2
South Asian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese	40	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.4
Black	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Latin American	70	50	10	0.5	0.7	0.1
Southeast Asian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	13,940	7,150	6,790	98.6	98.4	98.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	14,135	7,270	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	5,425	2,760	2,670	38.4	38.0	38.9
English	360	175	180	2.5	2.4	2.6
Irish	705	405	305	5.0	5.6	4.4
Scottish	280	150	130	2.0	2.1	1.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,160	1,660	1,500	22.4	22.8	21.8
German	95	50	45	0.7	0.7	0.7
Chinese	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.4
Italian	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Indian (India)	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Ukrainian	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Dutch	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Polish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Québécois	2,460	1,210	1,250	17.4	16.6	18.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	1,545	795	750	10.9	10.9	10.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	410	205	205	2.9	2.8	3.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	355	180	175	2.5	2.5	2.5
Métis	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	165	90	70	1.2	1.2	1.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	90	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.7
Spanish	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Swedish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	175	65	110	1.2	0.9	1.6
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	165	80	85	1.2	1.1	1.2
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	135	75	60	1.0	1.0	0.9
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Haitian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	145	75	65	1.0	1.0	0.9
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	65	35	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	70	45	30	0.5	0.6	0.4
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	45	35	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	50	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	40	30	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	65	45	20	0.5	0.6	0.3
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Norman	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	14,140	7,265	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	11,155	5,680	5,480	78.9	78.2	79.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	505	285	220	3.6	3.9	3.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	130	45	85	0.9	0.6	1.2
Baptist	45	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Catholic	10,295	5,215	5,080	72.8	71.8	73.9
Christian Orthodox	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Presbyterian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	45	35	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	40	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No religion and secular perspectives	2,940	1,570	1,375	20.8	21.6	20.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	14,035	7,210	6,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	12,720	6,535	6,180	90.6	90.6	90.5
Movers	1,320	675	645	9.4	9.4	9.4
Non-migrants	545	290	255	3.9	4.0	3.7
Migrants	770	380	390	5.5	5.3	5.7
Internal migrants	755	370	390	5.4	5.1	5.7
Intraprovincial migrants	730	350	380	5.2	4.9	5.6
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
External migrants	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	13,525	6,955	6,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,020	4,640	4,375	66.7	66.7	66.7
Movers	4,505	2,315	2,185	33.3	33.3	33.3
Non-migrants	1,360	695	665	10.1	10.0	10.1
Migrants	3,140	1,620	1,520	23.2	23.3	23.2
Internal migrants	3,070	1,560	1,510	22.7	22.4	23.0
Intraprovincial migrants	3,000	1,515	1,485	22.2	21.8	22.6
Interprovincial migrants	70	45	30	0.5	0.6	0.5
External migrants	70	60	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,870	6,060	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,715	2,075	1,640	31.3	34.2	28.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,155	3,985	4,170	68.7	65.8	71.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,655	3,350	3,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,540	900	635	23.1	26.9	19.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,115	2,450	2,670	76.9	73.1	80.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,870	6,065	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,275	1,750	1,525	27.6	28.9	26.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,695	1,235	1,455	22.7	20.4	25.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,900	3,080	2,825	49.7	50.8	48.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,980	2,680	2,305	42.0	44.2	39.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,955	1,885	1,065	24.9	31.1	18.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,205	1,275	925	18.6	21.0	15.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	750	610	140	6.3	10.1	2.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,745	690	1,060	14.7	11.4	18.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	280	105	175	2.4	1.7	3.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	920	400	520	7.8	6.6	9.0
Bachelor's degree	670	240	435	5.6	4.0	7.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85	40	45	0.7	0.7	0.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Master's degree	135	85	45	1.1	1.4	0.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,655	3,350	3,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,250	690	555	18.8	20.6	16.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,375	645	735	20.7	19.3	22.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,030	2,010	2,020	60.6	60.0	61.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,450	1,810	1,640	51.8	54.0	49.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,165	1,330	840	32.5	39.7	25.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,645	900	745	24.7	26.9	22.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	525	430	90	7.9	12.8	2.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,125	430	690	16.9	12.8	20.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	160	50	105	2.4	1.5	3.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	580	205	375	8.7	6.1	11.3
Bachelor's degree	450	135	315	6.8	4.0	9.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	10	30	0.6	0.3	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	80	50	30	1.2	1.5	0.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,870	6,060	5,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,970	2,985	2,985	50.3	49.3	51.4
Education	425	125	305	3.6	2.1	5.3
13. Education	425	125	305	3.6	2.1	5.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	150	55	95	1.3	0.9	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	145	50	95	1.2	0.8	1.6
Humanities	225	95	130	1.9	1.6	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	95	45	45	0.8	0.7	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
54. History	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	300	70	230	2.5	1.2	4.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	125	0	125	1.1	0.0	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	25	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	50	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
45. Social sciences	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Business, management and public administration	1,140	230	910	9.6	3.8	15.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	15	80	0.8	0.2	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,050	215	830	8.8	3.5	14.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	90	45	45	0.8	0.7	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.4
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80	45	30	0.7	0.7	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70	45	25	0.6	0.7	0.4
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,940	1,835	105	16.3	30.3	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	30	15	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
14. Engineering	60	55	10	0.5	0.9	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	290	255	30	2.4	4.2	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	350	345	0	2.9	5.7	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	535	520	20	4.5	8.6	0.3
48. Precision production	675	645	30	5.7	10.6	0.5
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	290	190	95	2.4	3.1	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	220	125	95	1.9	2.1	1.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	70	10	0.6	1.2	0.2
Health and related fields	720	90	630	6.1	1.5	10.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	680	75	605	5.7	1.2	10.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	535	290	240	4.5	4.8	4.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	310	100	210	2.6	1.7	3.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	45	45	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	175	145	30	1.5	2.4	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,655	3,350	3,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,620	1,335	1,290	39.4	39.9	39.0
Education	200	35	160	3.0	1.0	4.8
13. Education	200	35	160	3.0	1.0	4.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	35	80	1.8	1.0	2.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	115	35	80	1.7	1.0	2.4
Humanities	125	55	70	1.9	1.6	2.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	25	30	0.8	0.7	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
54. History	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	200	40	160	3.0	1.2	4.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	15	0.5	0.4	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	100	0	100	1.5	0.0	3.0
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.5
45. Social sciences	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Business, management and public administration	820	140	675	12.3	4.2	20.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	0	65	1.0	0.0	2.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	760	140	615	11.4	4.2	18.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	35	15	0.8	1.0	0.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	45	30	1.1	1.3	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	45	20	1.0	1.3	0.6
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,285	1,195	95	19.3	35.7	2.9
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
14. Engineering	45	40	0	0.7	1.2	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	170	145	30	2.6	4.3	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	230	225	0	3.5	6.7	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	410	390	15	6.2	11.6	0.5
48. Precision production	405	385	20	6.1	11.5	0.6
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	230	160	70	3.5	4.8	2.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	175	115	60	2.6	3.4	1.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	55	10	0.9	1.6	0.3
Health and related fields	520	60	460	7.8	1.8	13.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	10	20	0.5	0.3	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	495	55	445	7.4	1.6	13.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	410	215	195	6.2	6.4	5.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	215	60	160	3.2	1.8	4.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	40	30	10	0.6	0.9	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	150	120	30	2.3	3.6	0.9
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,655	3,350	3,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,620	1,335	1,290	39.4	39.9	39.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,030	2,015	2,015	60.6	60.1	60.9
Location of study inside Canada	3,930	1,955	1,975	59.1	58.4	59.7
Same as province or territory of residence	3,880	1,925	1,955	58.3	57.5	59.1
Different than province or territory of residence	55	30	25	0.8	0.9	0.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	105	60	45	1.6	1.8	1.4
Americas	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Europe	55	25	25	0.8	0.7	0.8
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	40	25	15	0.6	0.7	0.5
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	11,870	6,065	5,810	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,355	3,430	2,925	...	...	...
Employed	5,875	3,195	2,680	...	...	...
Unemployed	480	235	245	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,515	2,635	2,885	...	...	...
Participation rate	53.5	56.6	50.3	53.5	56.6	50.3
Employment rate	49.5	52.7	46.1	49.5	52.7	46.1
Unemployment rate	7.6	6.9	8.4	7.6	6.9	8.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	11,870	6,060	5,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,540	2,555	2,990	46.7	42.2	51.5
Worked	6,330	3,505	2,820	53.3	57.8	48.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,400	1,980	1,420	28.6	32.7	24.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,925	1,530	1,400	24.6	25.2	24.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8	41.8	41.8	41.8	41.8	41.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,355	3,430	2,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	55	85	2.2	1.6	2.9
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,215	3,370	2,840	97.8	98.3	97.1
Employee	5,285	2,820	2,465	83.2	82.2	84.3
Permanent position	4,450	2,405	2,045	70.0	70.1	69.9
Temporary position	840	415	425	13.2	12.1	14.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	250	95	155	3.9	2.8	5.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	590	325	270	9.3	9.5	9.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	930	550	375	14.6	16.0	12.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,355	3,430	2,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	55	85	2.2	1.6	2.9
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,215	3,370	2,840	97.8	98.3	97.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	90	45	40	1.4	1.3	1.4
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	790	170	620	12.4	5.0	21.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	215	155	60	3.4	4.5	2.1
3 Health occupations	470	65	405	7.4	1.9	13.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	510	95	410	8.0	2.8	14.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	100	50	50	1.6	1.5	1.7
6 Sales and service occupations	1,330	505	825	20.9	14.7	28.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,445	1,355	95	22.7	39.5	3.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	495	350	140	7.8	10.2	4.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	780	580	200	12.3	16.9	6.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,355	3,430	2,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	55	85	2.2	1.6	2.9
All industries¹⁹¹	6,215	3,370	2,840	97.8	98.3	97.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	495	325	170	7.8	9.5	5.8
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	70	65	10	1.1	1.9	0.3
22 Utilities	30	20	0	0.5	0.6	0.0
23 Construction	410	360	50	6.5	10.5	1.7
31-33 Manufacturing	1,470	1,020	455	23.1	29.7	15.6
41 Wholesale trade	130	100	30	2.0	2.9	1.0
44-45 Retail trade	685	305	375	10.8	8.9	12.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	305	260	45	4.8	7.6	1.5
51 Information and cultural industries	35	15	20	0.6	0.4	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	95	20	75	1.5	0.6	2.6
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	20	15	0.6	0.6	0.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	220	85	135	3.5	2.5	4.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	230	115	115	3.6	3.4	3.9
61 Educational services	260	65	195	4.1	1.9	6.7
62 Health care and social assistance	835	125	710	13.1	3.6	24.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	75	30	50	1.2	0.9	1.7
72 Accommodation and food services	265	100	160	4.2	2.9	5.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	385	235	150	6.1	6.9	5.1
91 Public administration	190	110	80	3.0	3.2	2.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,760	3,705	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	85	65	20	1.3	1.8	0.7
French	5,890	3,190	2,700	87.1	86.1	88.4
Non-official language	40	35	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	40	35	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
English and French	705	395	310	10.4	10.7	10.1
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,760	3,705	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,690	3,675	3,020	99.0	99.2	98.9
Official languages	6,645	3,630	3,015	98.3	98.0	98.7
English	175	120	55	2.6	3.2	1.8
French	6,465	3,515	2,955	95.6	94.9	96.7
Non-official languages	50	45	10	0.7	1.2	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	45	10	0.7	1.2	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	50	45	10	0.7	1.2	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	35	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	40	35	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	70	35	35	1.0	0.9	1.1
English and French	65	35	30	1.0	0.9	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,760	3,705	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,080	3,325	2,755	89.9	89.7	90.2
English	555	305	245	8.2	8.2	8.0
French	100	60	45	1.5	1.6	1.5
Non-official language	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,875	3,190	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	850	415	435	14.5	13.0	16.2
Worked outside Canada	20	20	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
No fixed workplace address	590	455	135	10.0	14.3	5.0
Usual place of work	4,420	2,300	2,115	75.2	72.1	78.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,415	2,305	2,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,495	695	800	33.9	30.2	37.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	800	310	490	18.1	13.4	23.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,105	1,285	820	47.7	55.7	38.9
Commute to a different province or territory	20	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.5
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,010	2,760	2,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,585	2,520	2,065	91.5	91.3	91.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,320	2,360	1,955	86.2	85.5	86.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	265	160	105	5.3	5.8	4.7
Public transit	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Walked	320	155	160	6.4	5.6	7.1
Bicycle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other method	70	50	25	1.4	1.8	1.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,010	2,760	2,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,115	970	1,145	42.2	35.1	50.9
15 to 29 minutes	1,315	795	520	26.2	28.8	23.1
30 to 44 minutes	760	450	310	15.2	16.3	13.8
45 to 59 minutes	525	300	215	10.5	10.9	9.6
60 minutes and over	295	245	50	5.9	8.9	2.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,010	2,760	2,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	440	355	80	8.8	12.9	3.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,100	740	365	22.0	26.8	16.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,580	785	795	31.5	28.4	35.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	750	255	495	15.0	9.2	22.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	335	125	215	6.7	4.5	9.6
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	800	500	300	16.0	18.1	13.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,765	1,475	1,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	400	225	170	14.5	15.3	13.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,365	1,250	1,115	85.5	84.7	86.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,050	1,105	945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	295	175	115	14.4	15.8	12.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	240	145	95	11.7	13.1	10.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	55	30	25	2.7	2.7	2.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,760	930	830	85.9	84.2	87.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 19, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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