Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Muskoka Lakes, Township (TP)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	7,652	...	...
Population, 2016¹	6,588	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	16.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	9,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,529	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	9.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	774.46	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	7,650	4,000	3,655
0 to 14 years	780	390	390
0 to 4 years	265	130	130
5 to 9 years	265	130	140
10 to 14 years	250	130	115
15 to 64 years	4,465	2,350	2,115
15 to 19 years	265	160	105
20 to 24 years	330	180	155
25 to 29 years	345	180	160
30 to 34 years	345	180	165
35 to 39 years	350	195	155
40 to 44 years	325	160	160
45 to 49 years	380	210	170
50 to 54 years	435	230	205
55 to 59 years	795	405	390
60 to 64 years	895	445	455
65 years and over	2,410	1,255	1,145
65 to 69 years	815	430	390
70 to 74 years	630	350	280
75 to 79 years	475	250	230
80 to 84 years	265	135	135
85 years and over	215	100	115
85 to 89 years	155	70	85
90 to 94 years	50	25	30
95 to 99 years	10	5	5
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	10.2	9.8	10.7
15 to 64 years	58.4	58.8	57.9
65 years and over	31.5	31.4	31.3
85 years and over	2.8	2.5	3.1
Average age of the population	50.6	50.4	50.8
Median age of the population	57.2	56.8	57.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,530	...	...
Single-detached house	3,415	...	...
Semi-detached house	15	...	...
Row house	15	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	45	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,530	...	...
1 person	1,070	...	...
2 persons	1,590	...	...
3 persons	370	...	...
4 persons	335	...	...
5 or more persons	155	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,590	3,960	3,630
Average household size	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,870	3,610	3,265
Married or living common-law	4,450	2,250	2,195
Married	3,670	1,860	1,810
Living common-law	780	390	390
Living common law - Never married	465	230	235
Living common law - Separated	40	20	20
Living common law - Divorced	235	115	115
Living common law - Widowed	40	20	20
Not married and not living common-law	2,425	1,360	1,070
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,360	860	500
Not married and not living common law - Separated	165	105	65
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	460	255	200
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	440	140	300
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,415	...	...
2 persons	1,635	...	...
3 persons	360	...	...
4 persons	320	...	...
5 or more persons	105	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,415	...	...
Total couple families	2,160	...	...
Married couples	1,775	...	...
With children⁶	575	...	...
Without children	1,200	...	...
Common-law couples	390	...	...
With children⁶	130	...	...
Without children	260	...	...
Total one-parent families	250	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	165	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	90	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	7,590	3,960	3,630
Total - Persons in census families	6,175	3,135	3,035
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,325	2,165	2,160
Parents in one-parent families	255	90	160
Children⁶	1,595	880	710
In a two-parent family	1,230	680	550
In a one-parent family	365	205	160
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,420	825	595
Living alone	1,075	625	445
Living with other relatives⁷	155	80	75
Living with non-relatives only	190	120	75
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,530	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,195	...	...
Couple-family households	2,000	...	...
With children⁶	630	...	...
Without children	1,370	...	...
One-parent-family households	195	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	75	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	70	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	95	...	...
One-person households	1,070	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,815	3,570	3,245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,690	3,495	3,195
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	50,800	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,695	3,495	3,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	44,400	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,145	3,260	2,895
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	44,000	30,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,405	2,470	1,935
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	39,200	26,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,995	3,155	2,835
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,800	9,100	12,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	610	300	310
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,760	6,040
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,580	795	780
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,800	3,565	3,235
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,715	3,505	3,205
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	78,700	103,700	51,500
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,715	3,505	3,210
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,100	72,500	42,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,125	3,240	2,885
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	75,400	102,000	45,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,510	2,475	2,035
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,250	75,800	39,160
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,000	3,185	2,815
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,140	10,280	12,120
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	610	255	355
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,440	6,500	6,440
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,645	800	850
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,860	7,420	8,280
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,800	3,565	3,240
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,910	1,190	715
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,200	61,600	58,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	96,000	111,000	71,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,900	895	1,005
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400	26,800	15,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,040	44,900	24,360
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.4	91.0	79.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	50.6	51.7	48.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	12.6	9.0	20.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.5	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	2.8	1.9	4.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.5	1.6	4.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,810	3,575	3,240
Without total income	125	75	50
With total income	6,690	3,495	3,195
Under $10,000 (including loss)	555	265	290
$10,000 to $19,999	740	310	430
$20,000 to $29,999	950	425	525
$30,000 to $39,999	775	360	415
$40,000 to $49,999	730	360	365
$50,000 to $59,999	685	365	325
$60,000 to $69,999	500	305	195
$70,000 to $79,999	385	250	130
$80,000 to $89,999	240	140	105
$90,000 to $99,999	230	125	105
$100,000 and over	905	585	315
$100,000 to $149,999	430	255	175
$150,000 and over	470	335	140
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,810	3,575	3,240
Without after-tax income	120	70	45
With after-tax income	6,695	3,500	3,200
Under $10,000 (including loss)	615	285	330
$10,000 to $19,999	810	335	470
$20,000 to $29,999	1,035	470	570
$30,000 to $39,999	940	470	475
$40,000 to $49,999	940	480	460
$50,000 to $59,999	650	390	260
$60,000 to $69,999	455	270	190
$70,000 to $79,999	310	190	125
$80,000 to $89,999	205	105	95
$90,000 to $99,999	115	70	40
$100,000 and over	615	425	190
$100,000 to $124,999	240	150	90
$125,000 and over	380	275	100
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,810	3,575	3,240
Without employment income	2,405	1,100	1,305
With employment income	4,410	2,470	1,935
Under $5,000 (including loss)	755	410	345
$5,000 to $9,999	380	195	185
$10,000 to $19,999	510	235	275
$20,000 to $29,999	445	210	230
$30,000 to $39,999	380	195	185
$40,000 to $49,999	375	195	175
$50,000 to $59,999	320	205	115
$60,000 to $69,999	290	180	110
$70,000 to $79,999	185	135	55
$80,000 to $89,999	135	85	55
$90,000 to $99,999	120	70	50
$100,000 and over	515	350	165
$100,000 to $124,999	165	95	65
$125,000 and over	350	255	95
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,815	3,570	3,245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,580	3,430	3,150
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600	50,000	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,580	3,430	3,150
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	44,000	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,100	3,230	2,875
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	45,200	32,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,505	2,500	2,010
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	40,000	28,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,710	2,990	2,725
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200	4,640	8,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	475	220	255
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,360	6,320	6,360
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,800	3,565	3,235
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,605	3,435	3,170
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	65,900	82,000	48,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,605	3,435	3,170
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,920	61,050	39,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,085	3,185	2,900
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,400	80,800	44,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,615	2,525	2,095
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,250	73,200	38,080
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,700	2,985	2,715
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,660	8,300	9,060
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	535	230	305
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,920	7,800	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,800	3,565	3,240
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,890	1,175	710
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	57,200	60,000	50,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	86,700	100,400	63,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,865	875	990
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,600	30,000	19,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,080	51,000	28,450
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.6	91.2	84.0
Employment income (%)	60.8	65.4	52.2
Government transfers (%)	11.4	8.8	16.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.6	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,530	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,070	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,455	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,530	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	149,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	110,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,090	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	112,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	77,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,435	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	166,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	125,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,530	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	105	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	100	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	125	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	120	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	240	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	250	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	235	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	225	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	220	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,525	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	430	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	310	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	335	...	...
$200,000 and over	445	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,530	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	110	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	120	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	115	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	130	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	155	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	140	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	305	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	280	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	300	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	250	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	210	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,205	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	435	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	245	...	...
$150,000 and over	525	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,395	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,390	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	710	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	235	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,265	745	525
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,000	48,400	44,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,800	42,400	39,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,375	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	159,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	121,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,315	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	715	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	212,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	158,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	265	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,275	725	550
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	117,400	164,000	56,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	80,200	106,400	45,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	7,590	3,960	3,625
0 to 17 years	935	485	450
0 to 5 years	320	155	165
18 to 64 years	4,260	2,220	2,035
65 years and over	2,395	1,255	1,145
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	740	400	335
0 to 17 years	85	40	45
0 to 5 years	25	10	15
18 to 64 years	420	235	190
65 years and over	235	130	105
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.7	10.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	8.8	7.6	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	7.2	8.0	7.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	10.5	9.3
65 years and over (%)	9.7	10.4	9.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	7,590	3,960	3,630
0 to 17 years	935	490	445
0 to 5 years	320	160	160
18 to 64 years	4,260	2,225	2,040
65 years and over	2,395	1,250	1,145
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	250	145	105
0 to 17 years	25	10	20
0 to 5 years	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	175	110	70
65 years and over	45	25	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.3	3.6	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	2.8	2.0	3.6
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.2	4.9	3.4
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.9	1.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	7,590	3,960	3,625
In bottom half of the distribution	3,495	1,800	1,695
In bottom decile	660	365	300
In second decile	635	325	310
In third decile	610	315	300
In fourth decile	785	390	395
In fifth decile	805	405	395
In top half of the distribution	4,095	2,160	1,930
In sixth decile	790	425	365
In seventh decile	740	385	355
In eighth decile	640	340	295
In ninth decile	770	390	375
In top decile	1,165	620	545
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	7,590	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.470	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.572	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.397	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	7,650	4,000	3,650
English only	7,215	3,820	3,390
French only	0	0	0
English and French	430	175	260
Neither English nor French	5	5	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	7,650	4,000	3,650
English	7,580	3,970	3,610
French	60	20	40
English and French	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	5	5	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	7,650	4,000	3,650
Single responses	7,580	3,960	3,620
Official languages	7,260	3,820	3,440
English	7,195	3,795	3,395
French	65	25	45
Non-official languages	325	140	180
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	325	140	180
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	255	120	135
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	35	40
Baltic languages	5	0	5
Latvian	5	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	75	35	35
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	5
Macedonian	5	0	5
Polish	35	20	15
Russian	10	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	110	45	65
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	70	25	45
German	65	25	40
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	15	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	35	15	15
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0
Danish	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	5
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	30	30
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	30	20	10
Portuguese	15	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	15	5	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	10
Chinese languages	10	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	10
Estonian	10	10	5
Finnish	5	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	70	35	30
English and French	25	10	15
English and non-official language(s)	35	25	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	7,650	4,000	3,650
English	7,425	3,895	3,530
French	5	5	5
Non-official language	45	25	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	45	25	20
English and French	30	10	20
English and non-official language(s)	140	65	75
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	7,650	4,000	3,650
Single responses	7,630	3,995	3,635
Official languages	7,565	3,955	3,610
English	7,560	3,950	3,605
French	10	5	5
Non-official languages	60	35	30
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	60	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	30	25
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	20	15	10
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	5
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	5	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	5
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5
Chinese languages	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	5	15
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	5	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	7,650	4,000	3,650
None	7,490	3,930	3,560
English	25	15	10
French	30	10	20
Non-official language	90	45	50
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	90	40	50
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	7,590	3,950	3,640
Official languages	7,580	3,950	3,635
English	7,580	3,950	3,635
French	435	165	265
Non-official languages	560	275	280
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	550	275	275
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	450	235	225
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	135	70	55
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	135	70	55
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	65	35	30
Russian	40	25	15
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	150	85	65
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	105	65	40
German	100	65	40
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45	25	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	35	25	20
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	20	10	15
Danish	15	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	170	70	100
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	55	20	35
Portuguese	30	15	15
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	95	40	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	0	15
American Sign Language	15	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	25	15
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	15	0	0
Hungarian	15	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,590	3,950	3,640
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	325	135	190
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	315	125	190
First Nations (North American Indian)	185	90	95
Métis	130	40	100
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	7,260	3,820	3,445
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,590	3,950	3,640
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	130	60	75
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,460	3,895	3,565
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,530	...	...
Owner	3,210	...	...
Renter	320	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,530	...	...
Condominium	15	...	...
Not condominium	3,520	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,530	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	145	...	...
2 bedrooms	685	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,530	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,530	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	415	...	...
5 rooms	590	...	...
6 rooms	685	...	...
7 rooms	570	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,265	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,530	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,495	...	...
More than one person per room	35	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,530	...	...
Suitable	3,435	...	...
Not suitable	90	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,530	...	...
1960 or before	965	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,000	...	...
1981 to 1990	485	...	...
1991 to 2000	375	...	...
2001 to 2005	185	...	...
2006 to 2010	185	...	...
2011 to 2015	190	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	135	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,530	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,190	...	...
Major repairs needed	345	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,530	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,875	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,580	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	75	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,530	...	...
15 to 24 years	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	280	...	...
35 to 44 years	325	...	...
45 to 54 years	420	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,005	...	...
65 to 74 years	860	...	...
75 to 84 years	450	...	...
85 years and over	170	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,495	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,855	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	640	...	...
30% to less than 100%	535	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,530	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,000	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	575	...	...
Not suitable only	75	...	...
Major repairs needed only	270	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,530	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,390	...	...
In core need	320	...	...
Not in core need	3,070	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,195	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	48.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,050	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,384	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	725,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,087,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	320	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	47.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	19.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,000	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,170	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	7,595	3,955	3,640
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	75	40	40
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	75	40	40
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	70	35	40
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	265	115	150
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	250	105	150
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	135	65	70
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	115	40	75
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	7,245	3,795	3,455
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	7,590	3,950	3,635
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	7,450	3,905	3,540
Canadian citizens aged under 18	910	460	450
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,540	3,455	3,085
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	145	40	100
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	7,590	3,950	3,635
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	7,015	3,680	3,335
Immigrants⁸¹	565	270	290
Before 1980	295	125	175
1980 to 1990	110	70	40
1991 to 2000	60	35	30
2001 to 2010	20	20	0
2011 to 2021⁸²	70	25	45
2011 to 2015	35	10	25
2016 to 2021	35	10	20
Non-permanent residents⁸³	15	0	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	560	270	290
Under 5 years	95	45	50
5 to 14 years	100	60	40
15 to 24 years	120	55	65
25 to 44 years	215	100	110
45 years and over	35	10	25
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	560	270	290
Americas	70	35	40
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	70	35	30
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	405	205	200
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	40	15	25
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	15	10	0
Netherlands	45	25	15
Poland	25	15	15
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	10	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	140	45	95
Other places of birth in Europe	105	75	30
Africa	30	15	15
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	50	15	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	35	10	25
Americas	10	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	15	0	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	7,590	3,950	3,640
First generation¹⁰⁰	615	290	325
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,110	585	525
Third generation or more¹⁰²	5,860	3,075	2,785
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	260	145	115
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	70	55	20
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	45	40	0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	25	10	15
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	155	70	90
Refugees¹⁰⁸	25	20	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	260	145	115
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	45	35	15
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	10	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	0	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	25	0	20
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	145	80	60
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	7,590	3,950	3,640
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	105	45	60
South Asian	25	10	10
Chinese	30	25	0
Black	20	0	10
Filipino	20	0	20
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	7,490	3,910	3,580
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	7,590	3,950	3,640
Canadian	1,165	600	570
English	2,875	1,470	1,405
Irish	2,065	1,020	1,050
Scottish	2,165	1,085	1,075
French, n.o.s.¹²²	650	370	280
German	820	400	420
Chinese	45	30	10
Italian	240	130	110
Indian (India)	15	0	15
Ukrainian	210	140	65
Dutch	340	150	190
Polish	235	105	125
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	540	245	290
Filipino	15	0	15
French Canadian	120	50	70
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	125	50	75
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	100	35	65
Métis	135	55	75
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	140	70	70
Russian	50	15	30
Norwegian	30	15	10
Welsh	215	100	115
Portuguese	35	10	25
American	100	60	45
Spanish	40	0	30
Swedish	40	20	15
Hungarian	60	45	10
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0
Jewish	40	25	15
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	15	0
Greek	30	15	10
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	25	10	15
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	30	15	15
Danish	35	25	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	15	0	10
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	65	40	20
Belgian	10	0	10
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	20	0	15
Swiss	45	25	25
Finnish	20	10	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	35	25	10
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	50	20	30
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	20	10	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	15
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	25	20	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	105	55	50
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	0	10
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10
South African	30	10	20
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	10
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	35	25	10
Macedonian	25	20	0
Slovenian	15	0	10
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	30	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	20	0	15
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	30	15	15
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	10	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	15	10	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	15	0	15
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	7,590	3,955	3,640
Buddhist	10	0	0
Christian	4,345	2,155	2,190
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	545	250	295
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	845	405	440
Baptist	90	55	40
Catholic	1,125	535	590
Christian Orthodox	75	40	35
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	65	30	35
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	35	25	10
Presbyterian	335	190	145
Reformed	30	15	15
United Church	935	485	445
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	220	105	120
Hindu	0	0	0
Jewish	45	20	20
Muslim	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	15	0	15
No religion and secular perspectives	3,170	1,760	1,410
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	7,535	3,925	3,605
Non-movers	6,875	3,600	3,270
Movers	660	325	340
Non-migrants	120	60	60
Migrants	545	265	275
Internal migrants	530	255	275
Intraprovincial migrants	500	240	265
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	10
External migrants	15	10	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	7,305	3,830	3,475
Non-movers	4,325	2,335	1,985
Movers	2,980	1,495	1,485
Non-migrants	545	265	280
Migrants	2,435	1,230	1,205
Internal migrants	2,360	1,200	1,160
Intraprovincial migrants	2,305	1,190	1,125
Interprovincial migrants	55	15	40
External migrants	75	30	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,800	3,565	3,240
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	965	565	400
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,840	3,000	2,840
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,925	2,035	1,890
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	415	265	150
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,510	1,770	1,735
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,800	3,565	3,235
No certificate, diploma or degree	860	495	360
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,075	1,120	955
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,870	1,950	1,920
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,230	1,175	1,055
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	530	410	120
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	205	125	80
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	325	290	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,530	685	845
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	170	80	90
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,640	770	865
Bachelor's degree	1,150	555	595
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	130	60	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	10	30
Master's degree	290	140	160
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	15	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,920	2,035	1,885
No certificate, diploma or degree	365	230	135
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,110	615	500
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,445	1,195	1,250
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,465	810	650
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	385	300	90
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	145	90	55
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	240	210	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,000	480	520
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	30	45
Bachelor's degree or higher	980	380	600
Bachelor's degree	695	270	425
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	40	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0	20
Master's degree	170	75	95
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	0	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,805	3,565	3,240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,935	1,615	1,315
Education	270	80	190
13. Education	270	80	190
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	95	40	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	85	35	55
Humanities	220	95	125
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	55	10	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	95	40	50
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	45	25	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	510	210	300
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	10	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	0	65
22. Legal professions and studies	55	20	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	10	10
42. Psychology	110	25	80
45. Social sciences	205	135	75
Business, management and public administration	780	305	480
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	0	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	720	305	415
Physical and life sciences and technologies	115	65	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	25	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	10	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	25	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	45	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	25	35
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	860	820	45
04. Architecture and related services	75	45	20
14. Engineering	105	95	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	140	140	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	230	230	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	215	215	0
48. Precision production	105	95	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	155	90	70
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	90	35	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	50	20
Health and related fields	515	80	440
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	100	40	65
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	395	35	365
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	15	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	255	125	130
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	165	60	105
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	65	50	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,925	2,035	1,890
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,475	840	635
Education	140	35	105
13. Education	140	35	105
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	0	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	0	25
Humanities	145	40	95
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	0	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	25	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	20	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	325	120	200
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	0	55
22. Legal professions and studies	30	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	0
42. Psychology	45	10	40
45. Social sciences	135	85	45
Business, management and public administration	495	170	320
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	0	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	440	170	275
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	30	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	10	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	25	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	25	10
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	600	560	35
04. Architecture and related services	35	10	25
14. Engineering	60	55	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95	95	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	170	170	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	150	150	0
48. Precision production	90	80	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	100	50	45
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	65	30	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	20	15
Health and related fields	320	50	270
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	85	35	50
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	220	0	205
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	195	100	95
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	140	60	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	45	30	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	3,925	2,035	1,890
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,475	840	635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,445	1,195	1,250
Location of study inside Canada	2,280	1,115	1,160
Same as province or territory of residence	2,160	1,085	1,080
Different than province or territory of residence	115	40	85
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	165	75	90
Americas	95	50	50
United States of America	95	50	50
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	40	25	15
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	10	0
Africa	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	25	0	20
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	20	0	20
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,800	3,565	3,235
In the labour force	4,040	2,285	1,755
Employed	3,640	2,090	1,555
Unemployed	400	195	200
Not in the labour force	2,760	1,280	1,485
Participation rate	59.4	64.1	54.3
Employment rate	53.5	58.6	48.1
Unemployment rate	9.9	8.5	11.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,805	3,565	3,240
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,635	1,270	1,370
Worked	4,165	2,295	1,870
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,995	1,245	750
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,175	1,050	1,120
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	42.3	38.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,040	2,290	1,755
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	45	15
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,980	2,240	1,735
Employee	2,805	1,515	1,285
Permanent position	2,265	1,285	985
Temporary position	540	235	305
Fixed term (1 year or more)	115	45	75
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	425	190	230
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,175	725	450
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,040	2,290	1,755
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	45	15
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,980	2,240	1,735
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	140	105	35
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	565	120	445
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	175	150	30
3 Health occupations	145	20	120
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	330	75	260
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	110	60	55
6 Sales and service occupations	975	380	590
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,235	1,120	115
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	165	100	60
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	125	105	25
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,040	2,290	1,755
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	45	15
All industries¹⁹¹	3,980	2,240	1,735
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	95	45	50
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	30	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0
23 Construction	870	735	130
31-33 Manufacturing	195	145	50
41 Wholesale trade	115	70	40
44-45 Retail trade	500	235	260
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	135	70	65
51 Information and cultural industries	60	35	25
52 Finance and insurance	100	60	40
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	185	110	75
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	210	120	90
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	255	135	125
61 Educational services	180	40	145
62 Health care and social assistance	265	35	230
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	180	110	70
72 Accommodation and food services	220	80	135
81 Other services (except public administration)	195	105	95
91 Public administration	190	80	105
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,425	2,425	2,000
English	4,350	2,380	1,970
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	40	15	25
English and non-official language(s)	35	25	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,425	2,425	2,000
Single responses	4,425	2,425	2,000
Official languages	4,425	2,425	2,000
English	4,425	2,425	2,000
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,425	2,425	2,000
None	4,350	2,380	1,970
English	0	0	0
French	40	15	25
Non-official language	35	25	0
Indigenous³⁹	10	10	0
Non-Indigenous	20	15	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,640	2,090	1,550
Worked at home	980	495	485
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	715	570	145
Usual place of work	1,940	1,015	925
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,940	1,015	925
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	770	450	315
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	790	350	445
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	375	210	165
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,660	1,585	1,075
Car, truck or van	2,505	1,500	1,000
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,350	1,450	900
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	160	55	105
Public transit	15	15	0
Walked	85	55	30
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	50	20	35
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,660	1,585	1,075
Less than 15 minutes	715	370	350
15 to 29 minutes	880	520	360
30 to 44 minutes	660	385	280
45 to 59 minutes	180	130	45
60 minutes and over	220	180	40
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,660	1,585	1,075
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	115	90	25
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	425	310	120
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	975	625	350
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	640	320	315
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	325	130	200
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	180	115	65
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	960	500	465
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	30	35
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	890	470	430
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	680	360	320
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45	15	30
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	5	15
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	10	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	630	345	290

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 19, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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