Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	NivervilleMore information: Manitoba [Population centre]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	5,593	...	...
Population, 2016¹	4,363^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	28.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,866	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,833	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,323.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4.23	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	5,595	2,755	2,840
0 to 14 years	1,590	780	805
0 to 4 years	500	255	250
5 to 9 years	555	270	285
10 to 14 years	535	265	270
15 to 64 years	3,440	1,710	1,730
15 to 19 years	365	195	170
20 to 24 years	230	110	120
25 to 29 years	345	165	185
30 to 34 years	465	215	255
35 to 39 years	560	275	290
40 to 44 years	460	230	230
45 to 49 years	395	210	185
50 to 54 years	235	135	100
55 to 59 years	210	100	105
60 to 64 years	175	80	95
65 years and over	560	260	300
65 to 69 years	165	80	85
70 to 74 years	150	75	75
75 to 79 years	110	50	65
80 to 84 years	55	30	30
85 years and over	80	30	50
85 to 89 years	45	15	35
90 to 94 years	25	10	15
95 to 99 years	5	0	5
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	28.4	28.3	28.3
15 to 64 years	61.5	62.1	60.9
65 years and over	10.0	9.4	10.6
85 years and over	1.4	1.1	1.8
Average age of the population	33.1	32.9	33.3
Median age of the population	32.8	32.8	32.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,835	...	...
Single-detached house	1,305	...	...
Semi-detached house	110	...	...
Row house	200	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	40	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	180	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,830	...	...
1 person	280	...	...
2 persons	520	...	...
3 persons	340	...	...
4 persons	420	...	...
5 or more persons	270	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,505	2,720	2,790
Average household size	3.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	4,000	1,970	2,030
Married or living common-law	2,770	1,395	1,380
Married	2,395	1,200	1,195
Living common-law	375	190	190
Living common law - Never married	295	145	145
Living common law - Separated	15	10	10
Living common law - Divorced	65	30	30
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,230	580	655
Not married and not living common law - Never married	805	420	385
Not married and not living common law - Separated	110	50	65
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	170	65	105
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	140	40	100
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,540	...	...
2 persons	560	...	...
3 persons	335	...	...
4 persons	415	...	...
5 or more persons	235	...	...
Average size of census families	3.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,540	...	...
Total couple families	1,365	...	...
Married couples	1,175	...	...
With children⁶	785	...	...
Without children	395	...	...
Common-law couples	190	...	...
With children⁶	100	...	...
Without children	90	...	...
Total one-parent families	175	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	130	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	50	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	5,505	2,720	2,790
Total - Persons in census families	5,035	2,485	2,550
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,730	1,370	1,365
Parents in one-parent families	175	45	130
Children⁶	2,130	1,075	1,060
In a two-parent family	1,815	910	900
In a one-parent family	315	160	155
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	475	230	245
Living alone	280	130	150
Living with other relatives⁷	120	55	60
Living with non-relatives only	75	45	35
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,835	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,415	...	...
Couple-family households	1,275	...	...
With children⁶	840	...	...
Without children	440	...	...
One-parent-family households	140	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	35	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	60	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	35	...	...
One-person households	280	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	3,915	1,930	1,985
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,745	1,850	1,895
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,800	61,200	38,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,745	1,850	1,895
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	51,200	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,505	1,765	1,740
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	59,200	30,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,125	1,610	1,515
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	61,200	34,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,290	1,575	1,720
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,360	2,220	8,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	430	185	250
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,720	5,760	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	780	360	425
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	3,945	1,960	1,985
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,790	1,895	1,895
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,850	65,100	46,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,790	1,895	1,895
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,200	52,500	39,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,540	1,805	1,735
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,700	62,600	40,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,140	1,640	1,505
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,200	62,700	40,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,250	1,560	1,695
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,780	6,650	10,730
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	415	155	255
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,440	5,600	8,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	750	340	415
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,080	7,160	8,840
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	3,940	1,960	1,985
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,790	1,070	720
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,000	72,000	56,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,800	78,800	63,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,115	460	650
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,000	22,400	15,500
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,600	33,400	21,760
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	86.6	91.6	79.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	77.6	83.2	69.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	13.5	8.4	20.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	0.7	2.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.7	2.4	5.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.9	2.0	4.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	3,915	1,935	1,980
Without total income	165	85	85
With total income	3,745	1,850	1,900
Under $10,000 (including loss)	315	130	180
$10,000 to $19,999	345	105	240
$20,000 to $29,999	470	165	305
$30,000 to $39,999	410	155	250
$40,000 to $49,999	380	155	220
$50,000 to $59,999	365	185	185
$60,000 to $69,999	340	190	145
$70,000 to $79,999	280	175	110
$80,000 to $89,999	195	125	70
$90,000 to $99,999	195	110	85
$100,000 and over	455	345	110
$100,000 to $149,999	360	265	95
$150,000 and over	95	80	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	3,915	1,935	1,980
Without after-tax income	165	85	85
With after-tax income	3,745	1,850	1,900
Under $10,000 (including loss)	325	130	190
$10,000 to $19,999	380	125	260
$20,000 to $29,999	565	200	370
$30,000 to $39,999	485	195	285
$40,000 to $49,999	500	250	255
$50,000 to $59,999	455	265	195
$60,000 to $69,999	340	210	130
$70,000 to $79,999	275	155	120
$80,000 to $89,999	165	120	50
$90,000 to $99,999	105	80	20
$100,000 and over	155	130	30
$100,000 to $124,999	100	85	20
$125,000 and over	55	45	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	3,915	1,935	1,980
Without employment income	790	325	465
With employment income	3,125	1,610	1,515
Under $5,000 (including loss)	325	120	205
$5,000 to $9,999	205	75	130
$10,000 to $19,999	330	120	210
$20,000 to $29,999	250	90	155
$30,000 to $39,999	265	110	155
$40,000 to $49,999	295	135	160
$50,000 to $59,999	260	130	125
$60,000 to $69,999	250	160	90
$70,000 to $79,999	220	140	85
$80,000 to $89,999	180	115	65
$90,000 to $99,999	180	100	80
$100,000 and over	380	310	70
$100,000 to $124,999	220	170	50
$125,000 and over	165	140	20
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	3,915	1,930	1,985
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,660	1,800	1,860
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,800	60,000	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,660	1,800	1,865
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	50,000	31,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,450	1,735	1,720
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	59,200	31,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,105	1,590	1,515
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,400	61,200	34,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,045	1,460	1,580
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,360	710	5,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	355	150	210
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,950	6,240	7,900
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	3,945	1,960	1,985
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,690	1,835	1,855
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,850	64,600	43,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,695	1,835	1,860
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,040	51,800	36,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,455	1,750	1,705
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,150	63,950	40,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,110	1,595	1,510
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,700	63,950	40,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,070	1,520	1,550
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,025	4,312	7,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	320	135	185
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,050	6,000	7,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	3,940	1,960	1,985
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,790	1,070	725
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,000	68,500	51,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,400	74,800	56,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,035	410	625
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,400	39,600	21,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,700	44,800	28,100
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.6	94.4	85.2
Employment income (%)	82.6	86.2	77.0
Government transfers (%)	9.3	5.5	14.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.7	1.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,835	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	280	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,555	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,840	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	95,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	275	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,565	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	123,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,835	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	60	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	95	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	105	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	135	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	120	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	130	...	...
$100,000 and over	970	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	290	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	215	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	290	...	...
$200,000 and over	175	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,835	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	70	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	60	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	125	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	155	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	165	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	170	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	155	...	...
$100,000 and over	735	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	310	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	215	...	...
$150,000 and over	210	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,535	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	445	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	885	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	165	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	355	170	185
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,000	49,600	38,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000	41,600	34,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,540	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	440	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	895	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	165	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	370	165	210
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,600	55,600	57,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,400	45,600	50,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	5,510	2,715	2,790
0 to 17 years	1,830	905	925
0 to 5 years	610	315	290
18 to 64 years	3,185	1,580	1,610
65 years and over	485	230	255
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	355	175	185
0 to 17 years	120	70	50
0 to 5 years	30	20	15
18 to 64 years	170	80	90
65 years and over	65	25	45
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.5	6.3	6.7
0 to 17 years (%)	6.5	7.8	5.4
0 to 5 years (%)	5.6	6.4	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.4	5.1	5.7
65 years and over (%)	13.6	9.0	17.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	5,505	2,715	2,790
0 to 17 years	1,835	910	930
0 to 5 years	605	315	290
18 to 64 years	3,190	1,580	1,605
65 years and over	485	230	260
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	105	50	55
0 to 17 years	35	15	20
0 to 5 years	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	65	30	35
65 years and over	10	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.0	1.9	2.0
0 to 17 years (%)	1.9	1.8	1.8
0 to 5 years (%)	1.6	1.6	1.6
18 to 64 years (%)	2.0	1.9	2.2
65 years and over (%)	2.0	x	2.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	5,505	2,715	2,790
In bottom half of the distribution	2,760	1,335	1,430
In bottom decile	295	145	150
In second decile	445	205	240
In third decile	610	300	310
In fourth decile	675	330	350
In fifth decile	730	360	375
In top half of the distribution	2,745	1,380	1,365
In sixth decile	645	320	325
In seventh decile	675	335	335
In eighth decile	555	275	275
In ninth decile	565	290	275
In top decile	305	150	155
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	5,505	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.267	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.344	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.234	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	5,505	2,715	2,790
English only	4,915	2,440	2,475
French only	5	5	0
English and French	555	260	295
Neither English nor French	20	10	15
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	5,505	2,715	2,790
English	5,280	2,600	2,675
French	195	100	90
English and French	15	10	10
Neither English nor French	15	5	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	5,505	2,715	2,790
Single responses	5,365	2,650	2,715
Official languages	4,755	2,345	2,405
English	4,550	2,245	2,305
French	205	100	100
Non-official languages	610	305	310
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	5
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	5	0	5
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	605	300	305
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	5	15
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	525	260	260
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	25	30
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5
Russian	30	15	15
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	370	180	190
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	210	100	115
German	210	100	115
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	155	80	70
Afrikaans	5	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	40	25	20
Low Saxon	5	0	5
Plautdietsch	100	50	50
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	30	25
Indo-Aryan languages	55	30	25
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	15	10
Hindi	5	5	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	25	20
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	5
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5
American Sign Language	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	10
Chinese languages	10	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5
Lao	0	0	5
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	140	65	75
English and French	60	30	35
English and non-official language(s)	55	25	30
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	20	15	10
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	5,505	2,715	2,790
English	4,875	2,400	2,475
French	50	30	20
Non-official language	70	40	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	70	40	35
English and French	145	70	75
English and non-official language(s)	340	170	175
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	5,505	2,715	2,790
Single responses	5,445	2,695	2,750
Official languages	5,270	2,600	2,665
English	5,195	2,560	2,635
French	75	40	35
Non-official languages	170	90	85
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	170	90	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	75	70
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	20	15	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	25	30
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	25	10	15
German	25	10	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	15	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	15	10	10
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	25	20
Indo-Aryan languages	45	25	20
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	20	10
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5
American Sign Language	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5
Chinese languages	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	65	25	40
English and French	30	5	20
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	5,505	2,720	2,790
None	5,060	2,490	2,570
English	85	45	40
French	100	55	45
Non-official language	210	105	110
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	215	105	110
English and French	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	5,535	2,725	2,815
Official languages	5,525	2,720	2,805
English	5,515	2,715	2,800
French	495	215	285
Non-official languages	825	410	415
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	825	410	415
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	15	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	10	20
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	705	360	345
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	25	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	25	25
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	30	15	15
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	0	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	520	255	265
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	350	175	175
German	345	170	175
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	240	130	110
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	70	35	35
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	165	90	75
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	40	30
Indo-Aryan languages	75	40	30
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	45	25	20
Hindi	30	15	20
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	15
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	65	55
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	20	20
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	80	45	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	0	25
American Sign Language	20	0	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10
Chinese languages	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	25	10
Lao	35	25	10
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,540	2,725	2,815
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	705	320	385
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	685	315	375
First Nations (North American Indian)	185	90	95
Métis	500	225	275
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	0	10
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	4,835	2,405	2,430
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,540	2,725	2,815
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	125	65	60
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,415	2,665	2,750
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,835	...	...
Owner	1,490	...	...
Renter	350	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,835	...	...
Condominium	240	...	...
Not condominium	1,600	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,835	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...
1 bedroom	75	...	...
2 bedrooms	255	...	...
3 bedrooms	720	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	780	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,835	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	345	...	...
5 rooms	285	...	...
6 rooms	260	...	...
7 rooms	280	...	...
8 or more rooms	675	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,835	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,820	...	...
More than one person per room	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,835	...	...
Suitable	1,795	...	...
Not suitable	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,835	...	...
1960 or before	90	...	...
1961 to 1980	280	...	...
1981 to 1990	90	...	...
1991 to 2000	155	...	...
2001 to 2005	170	...	...
2006 to 2010	330	...	...
2011 to 2015	355	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	375	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,835	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,795	...	...
Major repairs needed	45	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,835	...	...
One-maintainer household	695	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,105	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	45	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,835	...	...
15 to 24 years	65	...	...
25 to 34 years	365	...	...
35 to 44 years	565	...	...
45 to 54 years	350	...	...
55 to 64 years	215	...	...
65 to 74 years	145	...	...
75 to 84 years	100	...	...
85 years and over	40	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,840	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,540	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	295	...	...
30% to less than 100%	270	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,840	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	350	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	260	...	...
Not suitable only	20	...	...
Major repairs needed only	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,490	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,815	...	...
In core need	115	...	...
Not in core need	1,700	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,490	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	82.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,596	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	361,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	350	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	34.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	24.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,280	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,152	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	5,540	2,725	2,815
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	150	65	85
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	150	65	85
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	65	35	35
Métis single ancestry	90	30	55
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	620	285	330
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	580	260	320
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	195	65	130
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	385	195	190
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	40	25	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	40	25	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	4,770	2,375	2,395
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	5,540	2,725	2,810
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	5,395	2,665	2,730
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,840	880	960
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,560	1,790	1,770
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	140	60	85
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	5,540	2,725	2,810
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	5,040	2,485	2,555
Immigrants⁸¹	485	235	255
Before 1980	135	75	70
1980 to 1990	55	25	30
1991 to 2000	45	20	20
2001 to 2010	130	55	75
2011 to 2021⁸²	115	60	55
2011 to 2015	40	20	20
2016 to 2021	75	40	40
Non-permanent residents⁸³	10	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	485	235	255
Under 5 years	95	50	45
5 to 14 years	135	65	65
15 to 24 years	90	45	45
25 to 44 years	145	60	85
45 years and over	20	15	10
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	485	235	255
Americas	215	100	115
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	50	15	35
Other places of birth in Americas	125	70	60
Europe	155	80	75
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	40	15	25
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	10	10	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	60	35	25
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	35	20	15
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10
Asia	90	35	55
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	50	30	25
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	15
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	80	40	40
Americas	30	15	15
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	30	15	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	30	15	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	5,540	2,725	2,815
First generation¹⁰⁰	625	300	325
Second generation¹⁰¹	750	365	380
Third generation or more¹⁰²	4,160	2,055	2,110
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	350	160	190
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	215	105	110
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	60	45	15
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	155	60	95
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	95	40	55
Refugees¹⁰⁸	35	20	20
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	350	160	190
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	35	15	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	25	0	15
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	270	110	160
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	5,540	2,725	2,815
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	405	210	195
South Asian	85	50	35
Chinese	10	0	10
Black	120	55	65
Filipino	65	15	50
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	10	10	0
Southeast Asian	45	25	20
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	10	0
Multiple visible minorities	55	25	30
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	5,130	2,520	2,610
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	5,535	2,725	2,810
Canadian	565	300	265
English	850	400	450
Irish	665	310	355
Scottish	995	510	485
French, n.o.s.¹²²	880	400	480
German	1,435	695	745
Chinese	45	10	35
Italian	100	55	45
Indian (India)	30	20	15
Ukrainian	820	395	415
Dutch	375	185	195
Polish	255	125	125
Québécois	15	10	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	170	115	55
Filipino	90	40	55
French Canadian	60	20	45
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	125	55	75
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	115	45	70
Métis	510	255	260
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	195	80	110
Russian	595	295	305
Norwegian	80	40	40
Welsh	55	20	35
Portuguese	70	30	35
American	50	20	30
Spanish	60	25	35
Swedish	155	100	60
Hungarian	65	20	40
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	0	10
Jewish	35	25	10
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	20	0	10
Jamaican	35	25	10
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	85	45	35
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	25	15	15
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	35	15	15
Danish	45	30	15
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	40	15	30
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	75	45	25
Belgian	125	50	65
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	10	0	10
Mennonite	810	420	390
Swiss	45	25	20
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	20	0	20
Japanese	15	15	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	15	0	10
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	60	25	40
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	130	70	55
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	15	0
Czech	30	25	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	50	20	30
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	10	10
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	15	10	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	35	10	20
Congolese	25	15	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	35	20	15
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	0	10
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	35	10	25
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	40	25	15
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	75	35	40
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	15	10	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	145	60	85
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	5,540	2,725	2,815
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	3,370	1,595	1,775
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,470	730	735
Anabaptist	330	165	170
Anglican	70	25	45
Baptist	50	25	15
Catholic	475	215	260
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	110	45	65
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	60	30	30
Presbyterian	25	15	10
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	235	105	135
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	470	225	250
Hindu	45	25	15
Jewish	10	10	0
Muslim	30	15	15
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	40	15	25
No religion and secular perspectives	2,010	1,050	965
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	5,450	2,680	2,765
Non-movers	4,605	2,220	2,390
Movers	845	465	380
Non-migrants	295	170	120
Migrants	555	295	255
Internal migrants	540	285	250
Intraprovincial migrants	455	245	210
Interprovincial migrants	85	40	40
External migrants	15	10	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	5,095	2,515	2,585
Non-movers	2,625	1,290	1,325
Movers	2,470	1,215	1,255
Non-migrants	605	290	320
Migrants	1,865	930	940
Internal migrants	1,745	875	870
Intraprovincial migrants	1,520	765	750
Interprovincial migrants	225	110	115
External migrants	115	50	70
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,940	1,960	1,985
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	740	425	315
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,200	1,535	1,670
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,845	1,410	1,435
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	240	165	75
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,600	1,245	1,355
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,945	1,960	1,980
No certificate, diploma or degree	670	365	300
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,150	570	570
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,130	1,020	1,110
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,300	645	655
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	300	235	65
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	100	60	40
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	200	175	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	880	360	515
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125	50	75
Bachelor's degree or higher	830	375	455
Bachelor's degree	660	285	370
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	35	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0
Master's degree	90	40	50
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,845	1,410	1,435
No certificate, diploma or degree	215	140	75
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	780	415	365
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,845	860	990
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,120	540	585
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	245	190	55
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	65	40	25
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	180	155	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	770	315	455
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	35	70
Bachelor's degree or higher	720	315	410
Bachelor's degree	580	245	335
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	25	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10
Master's degree	80	35	40
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,945	1,960	1,985
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,815	945	870
Education	215	65	145
13. Education	215	65	145
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	15	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	25	10	10
Humanities	95	65	30
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	40	10
54. History	20	10	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	220	55	165
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	0	45
22. Legal professions and studies	25	0	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10
42. Psychology	25	0	25
45. Social sciences	80	45	35
Business, management and public administration	430	180	255
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	0	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	400	180	220
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	25	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	60	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	60	0
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	390	375	15
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	45	45	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	80	75	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	145	140	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	105	95	0
48. Precision production	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	35	30
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	50	20	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0
Health and related fields	415	65	350
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	25	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	375	45	335
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	155	80	75
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	75	15	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	55	35	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,845	1,415	1,435
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,000	550	445
Education	165	45	120
13. Education	165	45	120
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	10
Humanities	80	60	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	30	0
54. History	20	10	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	185	40	145
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	35
22. Legal professions and studies	25	0	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	0	25
45. Social sciences	65	30	25
Business, management and public administration	395	155	240
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	0	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	355	145	205
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	25	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	20	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	55	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	55	0
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	330	320	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	40	40	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	70	70	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	135	125	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	80	80	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	25	30
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	15	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0
Health and related fields	385	60	325
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	20	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	350	40	305
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	125	65	60
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	60	10	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	50	35	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,845	1,415	1,435
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,000	550	445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,845	855	990
Location of study inside Canada	1,690	790	900
Same as province or territory of residence	1,450	670	780
Different than province or territory of residence	240	120	120
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	155	70	85
Americas	70	20	40
United States of America	50	15	35
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	35	20	15
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	40	15	20
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	40	15	20
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	3,945	1,960	1,980
In the labour force	3,035	1,615	1,415
Employed	2,865	1,545	1,325
Unemployed	165	70	100
Not in the labour force	910	345	565
Participation rate	76.9	82.4	71.5
Employment rate	72.6	78.8	66.9
Unemployment rate	5.4	4.3	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	3,945	1,960	1,985
Did not work¹⁸⁶	910	360	555
Worked	3,030	1,600	1,430
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,840	1,105	735
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,190	495	695
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	44.2	42.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	3,030	1,615	1,420
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	20	25
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,985	1,595	1,390
Employee	2,620	1,375	1,245
Permanent position	2,300	1,215	1,080
Temporary position	320	155	160
Fixed term (1 year or more)	100	40	65
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	215	115	100
Self-employed¹⁹²	370	225	145
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	3,030	1,615	1,420
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	20	25
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,985	1,595	1,390
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	25	0	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	540	175	365
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	215	175	40
3 Health occupations	250	30	225
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	500	195	305
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	50	10	35
6 Sales and service occupations	575	275	305
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	650	585	70
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	55	40	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	125	105	25
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	3,030	1,615	1,420
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	20	25
All industries¹⁹¹	2,985	1,595	1,390
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	75	50	25
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0
22 Utilities	60	55	10
23 Construction	375	345	30
31-33 Manufacturing	220	170	45
41 Wholesale trade	80	65	15
44-45 Retail trade	290	140	145
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	125	90	40
51 Information and cultural industries	35	25	10
52 Finance and insurance	130	45	85
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45	15	30
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	170	95	80
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	75	45	30
61 Educational services	260	85	175
62 Health care and social assistance	455	50	405
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	35	15	25
72 Accommodation and food services	115	30	85
81 Other services (except public administration)	110	55	60
91 Public administration	310	215	95
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	3,160	1,675	1,485
English	3,060	1,640	1,420
French	10	0	10
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	50	10	40
English and non-official language(s)	30	20	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	3,160	1,675	1,485
Single responses	3,155	1,665	1,485
Official languages	3,135	1,655	1,480
English	3,120	1,655	1,465
French	15	0	15
Non-official languages	20	10	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	10	0
English and French	10	10	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	3,160	1,675	1,485
None	3,095	1,660	1,435
English	20	0	15
French	35	0	35
Non-official language	20	15	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	15	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,870	1,545	1,320
Worked at home	535	245	290
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	425	330	95
Usual place of work	1,905	970	940
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,905	970	940
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	565	220	345
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	275	120	160
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,060	625	435
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,325	1,295	1,035
Car, truck or van	2,170	1,235	935
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,060	1,185	880
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	110	50	55
Public transit	0	0	0
Walked	105	40	70
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	40	15	25
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,325	1,295	1,035
Less than 15 minutes	695	315	370
15 to 29 minutes	425	240	180
30 to 44 minutes	795	440	355
45 to 59 minutes	345	235	115
60 minutes and over	75	65	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,325	1,295	1,035
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	140	110	30
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	480	350	125
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	715	390	325
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	470	210	255
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	175	65	115
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	350	165	185
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,865	930	935
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	270	130	140
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,595	800	795
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,320	650	670
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	180	85	90
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	110	55	50
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	65	30	40
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,145	565	580

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed March 8, 2026).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2025-12-10

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