Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	PerthMore information: Ontario [Population centre]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	6,486	...	...
Population, 2016¹	6,042^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	7.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,281	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,163	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	690.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	9.39	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	6,485	2,860	3,630
0 to 14 years	665	350	315
0 to 4 years	215	90	125
5 to 9 years	210	125	85
10 to 14 years	240	130	110
15 to 64 years	3,130	1,465	1,665
15 to 19 years	230	120	110
20 to 24 years	230	115	115
25 to 29 years	295	160	135
30 to 34 years	290	155	135
35 to 39 years	280	125	155
40 to 44 years	255	125	130
45 to 49 years	265	115	150
50 to 54 years	310	125	190
55 to 59 years	430	210	215
60 to 64 years	550	225	330
65 years and over	2,690	1,040	1,650
65 to 69 years	580	230	345
70 to 74 years	590	250	340
75 to 79 years	450	180	275
80 to 84 years	430	145	285
85 years and over	645	240	405
85 to 89 years	405	160	240
90 to 94 years	160	65	100
95 to 99 years	75	10	60
100 years and over	5	5	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	10.3	12.2	8.7
15 to 64 years	48.3	51.2	45.9
65 years and over	41.5	36.4	45.5
85 years and over	9.9	8.4	11.2
Average age of the population	54.1	50.9	56.6
Median age of the population	60.0	56.4	62.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,160	...	...
Single-detached house	1,575	...	...
Semi-detached house	295	...	...
Row house	155	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,020	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	75	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,165	...	...
1 person	1,380	...	...
2 persons	1,190	...	...
3 persons	300	...	...
4 persons	200	...	...
5 or more persons	90	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,960	2,685	3,275
Average household size	1.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	5,820	2,510	3,315
Married or living common-law	2,875	1,435	1,440
Married	2,345	1,170	1,175
Living common-law	530	260	265
Living common law - Never married	330	170	165
Living common law - Separated	40	25	20
Living common law - Divorced	125	65	60
Living common law - Widowed	30	15	20
Not married and not living common-law	2,950	1,075	1,875
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,295	660	635
Not married and not living common law - Separated	240	80	160
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	600	200	400
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	820	135	680
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,705	...	...
2 persons	1,180	...	...
3 persons	285	...	...
4 persons	170	...	...
5 or more persons	75	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,705	...	...
Total couple families	1,350	...	...
Married couples	1,085	...	...
With children⁶	315	...	...
Without children	770	...	...
Common-law couples	265	...	...
With children⁶	80	...	...
Without children	180	...	...
Total one-parent families	355	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	290	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	65	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	5,960	2,685	3,275
Total - Persons in census families	4,275	2,080	2,200
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,700	1,350	1,355
Parents in one-parent families	355	65	290
Children⁶	1,220	665	555
In a two-parent family	700	390	310
In a one-parent family	525	275	250
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,680	605	1,075
Living alone	1,380	465	915
Living with other relatives⁷	110	45	65
Living with non-relatives only	190	95	95
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,165	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,575	...	...
Couple-family households	1,275	...	...
With children⁶	375	...	...
Without children	900	...	...
One-parent-family households	305	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	35	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	65	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	105	...	...
One-person households	1,380	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	5,295	2,335	2,955
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,215	2,290	2,925
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,400	42,400	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,215	2,290	2,925
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	38,000	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,495	1,995	2,495
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,800	37,600	26,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,980	1,450	1,530
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,200	33,600	25,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,895	2,120	2,770
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,200	13,100	14,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	370	185	180
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,760	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,040	465	575
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	5,255	2,305	2,950
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,195	2,260	2,935
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,120	53,750	42,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,195	2,260	2,935
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,480	45,120	36,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,445	1,925	2,515
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,600	50,080	33,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,955	1,395	1,555
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,280	44,680	32,560
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,820	2,105	2,715
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,420	11,970	14,520
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	370	170	200
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,400	6,500	6,320
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,040	450	590
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,920	8,560	9,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	5,255	2,305	2,950
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,190	645	545
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,000	62,000	52,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,000	70,200	58,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,155	475	680
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,800	21,400	16,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,360	29,500	22,440
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	73.6	79.2	68.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	46.2	51.3	41.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	26.4	20.7	32.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.9	1.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.7	3.7	5.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.8	3.2	4.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	5,290	2,335	2,960
Without total income	80	45	35
With total income	5,215	2,290	2,925
Under $10,000 (including loss)	305	120	180
$10,000 to $19,999	750	300	450
$20,000 to $29,999	950	355	595
$30,000 to $39,999	725	300	425
$40,000 to $49,999	630	265	360
$50,000 to $59,999	510	220	285
$60,000 to $69,999	405	185	225
$70,000 to $79,999	265	135	130
$80,000 to $89,999	180	110	75
$90,000 to $99,999	130	70	60
$100,000 and over	370	225	145
$100,000 to $149,999	260	150	110
$150,000 and over	110	75	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	5,290	2,335	2,960
Without after-tax income	80	45	35
With after-tax income	5,215	2,290	2,925
Under $10,000 (including loss)	345	135	205
$10,000 to $19,999	780	305	475
$20,000 to $29,999	1,035	400	635
$30,000 to $39,999	885	385	495
$40,000 to $49,999	700	295	405
$50,000 to $59,999	530	225	300
$60,000 to $69,999	335	175	160
$70,000 to $79,999	200	120	85
$80,000 to $89,999	170	90	85
$90,000 to $99,999	70	40	35
$100,000 and over	170	120	45
$100,000 to $124,999	80	55	25
$125,000 and over	90	65	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	5,290	2,335	2,960
Without employment income	2,310	885	1,430
With employment income	2,980	1,450	1,535
Under $5,000 (including loss)	600	285	320
$5,000 to $9,999	255	95	160
$10,000 to $19,999	360	165	195
$20,000 to $29,999	305	130	170
$30,000 to $39,999	295	140	150
$40,000 to $49,999	280	145	135
$50,000 to $59,999	225	110	115
$60,000 to $69,999	175	75	100
$70,000 to $79,999	115	75	45
$80,000 to $89,999	90	60	30
$90,000 to $99,999	85	35	45
$100,000 and over	210	140	70
$100,000 to $124,999	115	70	45
$125,000 and over	95	70	20
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	5,295	2,335	2,955
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,160	2,265	2,895
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	40,800	32,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,160	2,265	2,895
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,200	30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,525	2,005	2,515
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	38,000	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,040	1,475	1,565
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	34,400	27,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,710	2,030	2,675
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,900	9,700	12,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	310	145	165
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,600	6,240	5,200
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	5,255	2,305	2,950
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,135	2,250	2,885
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,240	53,850	40,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,135	2,250	2,885
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	45,280	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,495	1,945	2,550
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,360	51,900	33,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,075	1,465	1,610
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,120	45,320	33,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,625	2,015	2,610
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,080	9,900	11,990
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	345	165	185
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,680	6,360	6,950
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	5,255	2,305	2,950
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,190	640	550
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,200	61,200	48,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	62,200	70,400	52,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,115	460	655
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,800	20,600	21,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,400	30,000	29,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	78.4	83.6	73.0
Employment income (%)	50.7	54.9	46.3
Government transfers (%)	21.6	16.5	26.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.9	1.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,160	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,380	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,780	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,160	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,390	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,680	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,765	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,160	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	95	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	205	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	165	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	140	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	170	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	165	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	150	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	305	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	245	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	230	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	210	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	180	...	...
$100,000 and over	795	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	350	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	160	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	165	...	...
$200,000 and over	125	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,160	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	100	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	220	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	185	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	175	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	190	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	210	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	170	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	245	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	265	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	245	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	175	...	...
$100,000 and over	535	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	230	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	135	...	...
$150,000 and over	170	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,705	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	905	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	405	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	340	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,570	560	1,010
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000	38,400	38,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	34,400	34,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,685	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	890	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	410	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	335	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,625	575	1,040
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,000	46,200	44,300
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,280	39,800	38,900
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	5,960	2,680	3,275
0 to 17 years	800	415	385
0 to 5 years	260	120	140
18 to 64 years	2,965	1,375	1,580
65 years and over	2,195	890	1,310
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	850	335	515
0 to 17 years	120	55	65
0 to 5 years	45	15	25
18 to 64 years	420	180	240
65 years and over	305	100	210
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	12.5	15.7
0 to 17 years (%)	14.8	13.6	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	15.6	14.0	18.0
18 to 64 years (%)	14.3	13.2	15.2
65 years and over (%)	14.0	10.8	16.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	5,960	2,685	3,275
0 to 17 years	795	415	385
0 to 5 years	260	115	145
18 to 64 years	2,960	1,380	1,585
65 years and over	2,200	890	1,310
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	230	100	125
0 to 17 years	20	10	10
0 to 5 years	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	185	80	100
65 years and over	30	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.8	3.8	3.9
0 to 17 years (%)	2.4	2.4	2.5
0 to 5 years (%)	2.0	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	6.1	5.8	6.4
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.2	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	5,960	2,685	3,275
In bottom half of the distribution	3,475	1,485	1,990
In bottom decile	725	305	420
In second decile	785	320	465
In third decile	780	340	435
In fourth decile	610	265	345
In fifth decile	580	255	325
In top half of the distribution	2,480	1,200	1,280
In sixth decile	620	280	340
In seventh decile	565	265	300
In eighth decile	480	240	240
In ninth decile	470	235	230
In top decile	350	175	175
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	5,960	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.453	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.603	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.396	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	6,120	2,730	3,390
English only	5,455	2,455	3,000
French only	0	0	0
English and French	655	265	385
Neither English nor French	10	5	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	6,120	2,730	3,390
English	5,960	2,670	3,295
French	140	55	85
English and French	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	5	5	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	6,120	2,730	3,390
Single responses	6,070	2,705	3,360
Official languages	5,865	2,620	3,245
English	5,710	2,565	3,145
French	150	60	95
Non-official languages	205	85	120
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	205	85	120
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	20	15
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	140	55	85
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	15	40
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	35	10	20
German	30	10	20
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	5	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	15
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	15	10
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	5	15
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5
Portuguese	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5
Chinese languages	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	25	25
English and French	35	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	6,120	2,730	3,390
English	5,865	2,625	3,240
French	15	5	10
Non-official language	25	15	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	15	15
English and French	70	25	45
English and non-official language(s)	120	50	70
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	6,120	2,730	3,390
Single responses	6,080	2,715	3,365
Official languages	6,035	2,690	3,345
English	6,020	2,680	3,330
French	20	10	10
Non-official languages	40	25	25
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	40	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	10	20
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	5
German	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0
Chinese languages	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	15	25
English and French	10	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	6,120	2,730	3,390
None	5,940	2,655	3,280
English	15	5	10
French	55	20	35
Non-official language	95	40	50
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	95	40	50
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	5,930	2,675	3,255
Official languages	5,925	2,675	3,255
English	5,925	2,675	3,255
French	635	285	355
Non-official languages	310	145	165
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	310	145	165
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	0	20
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	250	120	130
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	100	45	60
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	70	25	45
German	70	25	45
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	15	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	25	10	20
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	20	10
Indo-Aryan languages	25	20	10
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	110	50	65
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	20	15	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	95	30	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,930	2,675	3,255
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	250	105	145
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	230	105	130
First Nations (North American Indian)	155	80	70
Métis	80	25	60
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	0	10
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	10
Non-Indigenous identity	5,680	2,575	3,110
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,930	2,675	3,255
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	55	40	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,875	2,640	3,240
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,160	...	...
Owner	1,730	...	...
Renter	1,425	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,160	...	...
Condominium	245	...	...
Not condominium	2,910	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,160	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	540	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,145	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,035	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	435	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,160	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,045	...	...
5 rooms	535	...	...
6 rooms	465	...	...
7 rooms	435	...	...
8 or more rooms	685	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,160	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,145	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,160	...	...
Suitable	3,070	...	...
Not suitable	85	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,160	...	...
1960 or before	1,340	...	...
1961 to 1980	735	...	...
1981 to 1990	330	...	...
1991 to 2000	280	...	...
2001 to 2005	135	...	...
2006 to 2010	70	...	...
2011 to 2015	45	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,160	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,970	...	...
Major repairs needed	185	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,160	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,895	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,230	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	30	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,160	...	...
15 to 24 years	60	...	...
25 to 34 years	275	...	...
35 to 44 years	330	...	...
45 to 54 years	350	...	...
55 to 64 years	610	...	...
65 to 74 years	720	...	...
75 to 84 years	575	...	...
85 years and over	235	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,155	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,415	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	740	...	...
30% to less than 100%	700	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,155	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	935	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	680	...	...
Not suitable only	50	...	...
Major repairs needed only	125	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	45	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,220	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,120	...	...
In core need	365	...	...
Not in core need	2,755	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,730	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	44.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	810	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,064	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	435,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,425	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	14.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	37.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	21.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	970	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,041	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	5,935	2,680	3,260
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	95	40	55
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	90	40	45
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	70	40	30
Métis single ancestry	15	0	15
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	300	135	160
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	280	130	150
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	200	90	105
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	80	35	45
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	5,540	2,500	3,040
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	5,930	2,675	3,255
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	5,860	2,650	3,210
Canadian citizens aged under 18	800	435	365
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,055	2,215	2,840
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	75	30	50
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	5,930	2,675	3,255
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	5,525	2,485	3,040
Immigrants⁸¹	395	180	210
Before 1980	295	140	150
1980 to 1990	25	0	25
1991 to 2000	15	15	0
2001 to 2010	20	0	15
2011 to 2021⁸²	45	25	20
2011 to 2015	15	10	10
2016 to 2021	30	20	10
Non-permanent residents⁸³	10	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	395	180	210
Under 5 years	45	25	15
5 to 14 years	100	65	40
15 to 24 years	105	35	75
25 to 44 years	130	50	80
45 years and over	15	10	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	395	180	210
Americas	70	15	60
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	50	15	35
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	15
Europe	265	145	125
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	40	20	20
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	20	10	15
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	170	85	85
Other places of birth in Europe	20	15	10
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	45	20	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	30	20	15
Americas	10	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	20	10	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	5,930	2,675	3,255
First generation¹⁰⁰	455	210	240
Second generation¹⁰¹	735	335	405
Third generation or more¹⁰²	4,740	2,135	2,610
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	100	40	60
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	25	10	15
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	0	0	0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	20	10	10
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	65	20	45
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	100	40	60
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	10	10	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	95	35	55
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	5,930	2,675	3,255
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	140	70	70
South Asian	35	20	10
Chinese	10	0	0
Black	30	10	20
Filipino	10	0	0
Arab	25	20	10
Latin American	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	20	10	10
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	15	0	15
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	5,790	2,600	3,185
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	5,930	2,675	3,255
Canadian	915	415	500
English	1,790	810	975
Irish	2,140	935	1,205
Scottish	2,150	940	1,215
French, n.o.s.¹²²	900	390	510
German	640	260	380
Chinese	10	0	10
Italian	210	110	100
Indian (India)	15	10	0
Ukrainian	120	85	40
Dutch	225	105	125
Polish	100	65	35
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	285	115	165
Filipino	20	10	10
French Canadian	70	50	20
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	90	35	50
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	110	65	50
Métis	125	45	80
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	35	0	30
Russian	35	25	10
Norwegian	70	50	20
Welsh	105	45	60
Portuguese	20	0	10
American	85	50	40
Spanish	35	10	25
Swedish	30	15	15
Hungarian	30	10	20
Acadian	15	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0
Jewish	15	15	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	60	40	15
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	20	10	10
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	15	0	15
Danish	30	10	20
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	85	25	55
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	10	0	0
Belgian	55	30	30
Haitian	10	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	10	0	10
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	40	25	20
Finnish	50	0	40
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	10	10	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	40	25	15
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	15	15	10
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	15	10	0
Ojibway	15	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	25	0	25
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	10	0	10
Algonquin	25	10	15
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	15	10	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	0	10
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	10	0	10
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	10	0	10
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	5,930	2,675	3,255
Buddhist	25	0	15
Christian	3,535	1,495	2,040
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	270	135	140
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	605	255	350
Baptist	105	40	70
Catholic	1,275	550	730
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	40	15	20
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	40	15	25
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	130	50	80
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	35	20	20
Presbyterian	175	70	100
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	645	245	400
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	195	90	110
Hindu	25	15	10
Jewish	15	10	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	50	20	30
No religion and secular perspectives	2,285	1,130	1,160
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	5,880	2,655	3,225
Non-movers	5,040	2,230	2,805
Movers	840	425	415
Non-migrants	380	190	190
Migrants	460	230	230
Internal migrants	460	230	230
Intraprovincial migrants	415	210	205
Interprovincial migrants	50	20	25
External migrants	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	5,740	2,585	3,155
Non-movers	2,965	1,300	1,660
Movers	2,770	1,280	1,495
Non-migrants	585	250	335
Migrants	2,190	1,030	1,155
Internal migrants	2,150	1,010	1,140
Intraprovincial migrants	1,970	910	1,055
Interprovincial migrants	180	95	90
External migrants	35	25	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,255	2,305	2,950
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	980	510	465
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,275	1,790	2,480
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,605	1,155	1,450
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	340	205	140
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,265	950	1,315
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,255	2,305	2,950
No certificate, diploma or degree	845	440	405
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,550	660	885
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,860	1,205	1,660
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,915	805	1,105
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	390	285	105
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	185	120	60
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	205	165	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,445	490	955
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	30	50
Bachelor's degree or higher	955	400	555
Bachelor's degree	650	230	415
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	30	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0
Master's degree	165	90	75
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	50	40	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,610	1,160	1,450
No certificate, diploma or degree	315	190	120
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	780	360	420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,515	610	905
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,065	435	635
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	175	115	60
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	100	60	35
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	75	50	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	840	295	545
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55	25	30
Bachelor's degree or higher	445	170	270
Bachelor's degree	340	125	215
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	0	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0
Master's degree	60	30	25
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	15	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,255	2,310	2,945
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,390	1,100	1,290
Education	215	55	165
13. Education	215	55	165
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	45	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	35	25
Humanities	200	80	120
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	70	10	55
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	25	10
54. History	45	40	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	370	145	225
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	40	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	0	55
22. Legal professions and studies	55	20	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0
42. Psychology	70	10	60
45. Social sciences	110	60	50
Business, management and public administration	475	120	355
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	80	0	75
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	395	115	280
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	40	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	15	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100	60	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	50	30
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	440	395	50
04. Architecture and related services	25	10	10
14. Engineering	40	35	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95	85	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	180	170	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	80	70	0
48. Precision production	25	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	65	45	20
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	20	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	25	10
Health and related fields	605	85	525
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	35	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	555	50	505
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	240	145	100
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	150	55	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	30	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	55	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,605	1,155	1,450
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,090	550	545
Education	50	0	45
13. Education	50	0	45
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	20	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	15	20
Humanities	80	25	55
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	15
54. History	20	15	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	220	75	145
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	35	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	35
22. Legal professions and studies	45	15	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0
42. Psychology	35	0	30
45. Social sciences	45	15	30
Business, management and public administration	310	70	230
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	0	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	245	70	175
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	20	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	50	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	50	15
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	240	200	35
04. Architecture and related services	20	0	10
14. Engineering	25	25	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	55	45	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	85	80	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	45	35	10
48. Precision production	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	25	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	15	0
Health and related fields	315	55	260
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	25	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	275	30	245
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	130	65	65
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	90	25	65
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	15	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,605	1,155	1,450
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,090	550	545
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,515	610	910
Location of study inside Canada	1,465	590	875
Same as province or territory of residence	1,325	545	780
Different than province or territory of residence	140	50	95
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	50	20	30
Americas	20	10	10
United States of America	20	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	15	0	15
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	10	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	5,255	2,305	2,950
In the labour force	2,460	1,180	1,280
Employed	2,150	1,010	1,135
Unemployed	310	165	145
Not in the labour force	2,795	1,125	1,665
Participation rate	46.8	51.2	43.4
Employment rate	40.9	43.8	38.5
Unemployment rate	12.6	14.0	11.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	5,255	2,310	2,945
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,815	1,135	1,680
Worked	2,445	1,175	1,275
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,225	665	565
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,225	510	710
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.7	41.9	39.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,460	1,180	1,280
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85	40	45
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,380	1,145	1,240
Employee	2,040	990	1,050
Permanent position	1,700	840	865
Temporary position	340	150	185
Fixed term (1 year or more)	100	40	65
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	240	115	125
Self-employed¹⁹²	335	150	190
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,460	1,180	1,280
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85	40	45
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,380	1,145	1,240
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	15	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	390	115	270
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	130	105	20
3 Health occupations	220	40	185
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	250	75	175
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80	10	65
6 Sales and service occupations	665	275	390
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	405	345	60
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	25	20	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	200	145	55
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,460	1,180	1,280
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85	40	45
All industries¹⁹¹	2,380	1,145	1,240
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	20	15	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0
22 Utilities	10	0	10
23 Construction	230	195	30
31-33 Manufacturing	245	160	85
41 Wholesale trade	70	65	10
44-45 Retail trade	290	115	170
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	75	45	35
51 Information and cultural industries	30	20	10
52 Finance and insurance	65	30	35
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	30	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	190	85	105
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	70	35	40
61 Educational services	130	25	110
62 Health care and social assistance	355	50	310
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	55	20	30
72 Accommodation and food services	200	95	105
81 Other services (except public administration)	120	55	65
91 Public administration	165	95	75
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,680	1,280	1,395
English	2,590	1,230	1,360
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	70	45	15
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,680	1,280	1,395
Single responses	2,665	1,280	1,390
Official languages	2,665	1,280	1,390
English	2,670	1,280	1,385
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,680	1,280	1,395
None	2,600	1,230	1,370
English	0	0	0
French	70	45	15
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,150	1,015	1,135
Worked at home	430	135	295
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	240	170	70
Usual place of work	1,475	700	775
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,480	700	775
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	920	420	500
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	255	105	150
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	285	170	110
Commute to a different province or territory	15	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,715	875	850
Car, truck or van	1,435	755	680
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,320	700	620
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	115	55	60
Public transit	10	0	0
Walked	250	100	155
Bicycle	15	10	0
Other method	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,715	875	850
Less than 15 minutes	885	410	475
15 to 29 minutes	320	155	160
30 to 44 minutes	180	95	85
45 to 59 minutes	150	100	50
60 minutes and over	180	110	65
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,715	875	850
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	195	140	55
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	350	200	150
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	365	185	180
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	350	160	190
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	170	65	100
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	295	125	165
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	815	420	395
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	40	40
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	735	380	355
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	585	325	265
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	30	25
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	10	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	20	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	530	295	235

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 25, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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